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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB)'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Adebanjo, Omotayo David. "Knowledge, attittudes and practices of healthcare workers about prevention and control of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis at Botsabelo Hospital Maseru, Lesotho." Thesis, University of Limpopo ( Medunsa Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/423.

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Thesis (MPH)--University of Limpopo, 2011.<br>Background: Tuberculosis is one of the major public health problems in Lesotho. With the occurrence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis, little is known about the views of health care workers on this disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare professionals about prevention and control of MDR-TB at Botsabelo hospital, situated in Maseru, Lesotho. Methods: This study was conducted by means of a semi-structured, anonymous, and self-administered questionnaire that was sent to health care wo

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Akçakir, Yasemin. "Correlates of treatment outcomes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB): a systematic review and meta-analysis." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86914.

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Background: Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major threat to global tuberculosis control. While observational studies have reported outcomes of MDR-TB treatment, there have been no randomized controlled trials for MDR-TB treatment outcomes. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine individual and study-level factors associated with treatment outcomes for MDR-TB in the observational studies.<br>Method: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS, Web of Science from 1970 to July 2008, for publications in any language that described at least one treatment outcome among at le

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3

Smith, Louise. "Resilience of the partners of long term hospitalised patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extreme drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB)." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020913.

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Patients diagnosed with Multidrug-resistant(MDR) and Extreme drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) have to be hospitalised for a period of six to twelve months, according to the MDR/XDR Policy Guidelines on the treatment of drug-resistant TB – until the patient recovers, and is no longer infectious. There are factors associated with both the patients’ and their partners’ (spouses) resistance to long-term hospitalisation. This has resulted in several acts of violence against the hospital property and members of the health-care team. However, there are a small number of partners who assist the

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4

Souza, Márcia Alves de. "Avaliação do desempenho da PCR Multiplex alelo específico para detecção de genes de Mycobacterium tuberculosis associados à resistência a Rifampicina e Isoniazida, a partir de amostra clínica." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2013. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/2565.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:54:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcia Alves de Souza.pdf: 1923965 bytes, checksum: 3ad1484efad384495579203b0e85259c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-30<br>FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas<br>A Tuberculose (TB) é uma doença infecciosa causada pelo complexo Mycobacterium tuberculosis, sendo considerada um grave problema de saúde pública mundial. Atualmente, isolados de M. tuberculosis resistentes a pelo menos um medicamento utilizado no tratamento da TB tem sido documentados em todos os países. De acordo com a Organi

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Tinzi, Siphokuhle. "Exploration of experiences of patients with the adverse-drug effects of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment in a primary health care facility in the Western Cape." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5660.

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Magister Curationis - MCur<br>Multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB) is a form of TB caused by bacteria (germs) that are resistant to the usual drugs that are used to treat "normal" TB. The duration of treatment for MDR-TB is a maximum of 22 months. People with MDR-TB are treated in specialized tertiary hospitals and in out-patient clinics in the PHC facilities. The treatment includes a six months injectable phase with a wide range of TB drugs. The adverse effects of MDR-TB drugs are among the worst side effects ever reported by patients. The aim of the current study was to explore the experiences of

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Vallie, Razia. "Assessing and comparing the effectiveness of treatment for multidrug resistant tuberculosis between specialized TB hospital in-patient and general outpatient clinic settings within the Western Cape Province, South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5600.

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Magister Public Health - MPH<br>Background: Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) is a growing threat globally. The large increase in the incidence and prevalence of MDR TB in South Africa in recent years has impacted on the way in which MDR TB is managed within the health services. It became logistically difficult to manage MDR TB by treating all patients as in-patients in a specialized tuberculosis (TB) hospital. The clinics, which are run by nurses and/or general medical officers, are then required to manage this more complex form of TB, with limited resources, less experience an

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7

Azores, Molovon Jr Pasagui. "Possible Risk Factors for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Infection in the Philippines." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3551.

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Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Philippines. The purpose of this study was to gain knowledge about the relationship between potential risk factors and MDR-TB. Risk factors (the independent variables) for MDR-TB (the dependent variable) include previous TB treatment, infection with HIV, exposure to patients with drug-susceptible TB/MDR-TB, delays in diagnosis and treatment, employment status, smoking, imprisonment, alcohol abuse, and poor compliance with TB treatment regimens. The study was based on the epidemiological

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Visser, Hanri. "Mechanisms of resistance to new generation anti-TB drugs." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96863.

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Thesis (MScMedSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an increasing global problem. Drug resistance is mostly caused by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the bacterial genome. This observed increase in global incidence of drug resistant tuberculosis (TB) has sparked the search for new anti-TB drugs and the repurposing of drugs that are currently used against other organisms or species of mycobacteria. One such repurposed drug, clofazimine (CFZ), is currently used for the treatment of leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium

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9

Franco, Marília Masello Junqueira. "Genotipagem e pesquisa de resistência fenotípica e genética à rifampicina e isoniazida em linhagens de Mycobacterium bovis isoladas de linfonodos de bovinos de abatedouro na região centro-oeste do estado de São Paulo." Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/143102.

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Orientador: Antonio Carlos Paes<br>Resumo: A tuberculose causada por Mycobacterium bovis (bTB) é uma zoonose de distribuição mundial com ampla gama de hospedeiros. Nos países onde a bTB é prevalente, 10 a 20% dos casos de tuberculose humana são causados por M. bovis. São escassos em todo o mundo estudos que investigam a resistência à isoniazida (INH) e rifampicina (RMP) em linhagens de M. bovis de origem bovina, reservatórios silvestres, e em casos humanos de tuberculose. Foi investigada a diversidade genotípica de 67 linhagens de M. bovis isoladas de bovinos de abatedouro, obtidas de 100 linf

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Pule, Caroline. "Defining the role of efflux pump inhibitors on anti-TB drugs in Rifampicin resistant clinical Mycobacterium Tuberculosis isolates." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86758.

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Thesis (MScMedSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Central dogma suggests that mutations in target genes is the primary cause of resistance to first and second-line anti-TB drugs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, it was previously reported that approximately 5% of Rifampicin mono-resistant clinical M. tuberculosis did not harbor mutations in the rpoB gene. The present study hypothesized that active efflux plays a contributory role in the level of intrinsic resistance to different anti-TB drugs (Isoniazid, Ethionamide, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol, Ofloxacin, Moxifloxacin,

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Isaboke, James N. "Risk Factors for Tuberculosis and Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Complications among Foreign-Born Persons in Houston, Texas." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1897.

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading public health problem across the world. For various reasons, TB and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) have increased. Clarification on TB/HIV co-infection and homelessness as risk factors for TB and MDR-TB is required to inform policy interventions to reduce TB-related morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. In this quantitative study, data from the Houston Health Department (N = 341) were analyzed to explore the relationship between TB and MDR-TB outcomes and TB/HIV co-infection and type of housing/homelessness. Foreign-born persons are disproportion

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Willemse, Danicke. "Regulation of efflux in rifampicin resistant mutants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79820.

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Thesis (MScMedSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), defined as having resistance to at least the first-line drugs, isoniazid and rifampicin (RIF), is a global health problem. Mutations in the rpoB gene, encoding the β-subunit of RNA polymerase, are implicated in RIF resistance - with the S531L and H526Y mutations occurring most frequently. The level of RIF resistance varies for strains with identical rpoB mutations, which suggests that other factors play a role in RIF resistance. Efflux has been implicated in determining the intrins

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13

Xie, Yan. "A PhenoTarget Approach for Identifying Bioactive Compounds that Interact with TB Proteins." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/407560.

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Tuberculosis (TB) is the number one cause of human death from infectious disease in the world. Current treatments are challenged by the high levels of drug-resistant Mtb infection, which including rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB), multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), and extensively drug resistant TB (XDR-TB). New drugs with mechanism of action (MOA) are required for more effective treatments. The literature review covered TB disease, the discovery of current treatments and clinic candidates, natural products in TB drugs, two drug discovery strategies phenotypic based drug discovery (PDD) and targe

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Matlola, Nthane Martha. "The in vitro anti-mycobacterial activities of the novel tetramethylpiperidyl-substituted phenazines, B4121 and B4128." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24462.

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The intra- and extracellular activities of 2 novel tetramethylpiperidine (TMP)-substituted phenazines, B4121 and B4128 against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37R (ATCC 27294) were determined and compared with those of clofazimine (B663). Clofazimine, together with B4121 and B4128, were also tested for their activities against drug-resistant strains of M.tuberculosis. Both B4121 and B4128 were significantly more active than clofazimine against M.tuberculosis, including multidrug-resistant clinical strains of this microbial pathogen, demonstrating a lack of cross resistance between the riminophenaz

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Ngwane, Andile Happyboy. "Elucidation of the mode of action of a furanone based antituberculosis compound." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71976.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The prevalence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been increasing to alarming levels globally. This has been exacerbated by tuberculosis (TB) co-infection with HIV where the epidemic is endemic. South Africa as a developing country is hit hard by TB and efforts to develop TB drugs that are compatible with anti-retroviral medication and also effective against MDR/XDR, could help shorten the treatment duration of the current TB treatment regimens. This thesis pres

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Jikijela, Olwethu. "Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis patients attending a hospital in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6423.

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Magister Public Health - MPH (Public Health)<br>The presence of highly effective medicines has made very little impact in reducing deaths as a result of tuberculosis (TB), a curable condition but when managed inappropriately, may result in Drug Resistant TB. TB accounts for about one in four deaths that occur in HIV positive people and HIV has been found to be a risk factor for complex unfavorable outcomes in MDR TB patients and a very strong predictor for death and default. The relationship between diabetes and TB has also been explored, with some authors identifying diabetes as a risk f

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Morales, Miranda Helen Elizabeth. "Influencia de la depresion´sobre la adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes TB-MDR de la Red Almenara de Essalud - Lima , Año 2015." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2015. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/351.

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INTRODUCCIÓN: Se efectuó un estudio sobre la depresión y su asociación con la adherencia al tratamiento de fármacos antituberculosos en pacientes con Tuberculosis Multidrogorresistente (TB-MDR) que asisten al Programa de Control de Tuberculosis (PCT) de la Red Asistencial Almenara de EsSalud- Lima. OBJETIVO: Determinar si la depresión influye en la adherencia al tratamiento en los pacientes multidrogorresistentes (TB-MDR) de la Red Asistencial Almenara en EsSalud- Lima, año 2015. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: El presente estudio analítico transversal prospectivo se desarrolló con una población de

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Firfirey, Nousheena. "Occupational adaptation : the experiences of adult patients with MDR- TB who undergo long- term hospitalisation." University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5300.

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Magister Scientiae (Occupational Therapy) - MSc(OT)<br>TB is a multi- faceted public health problem spurred on by the biological progression of the disease as well as the social issues associated with it. The treatment of TB is however primarily driven by the medical model where the focus is on the disease and not on a holistic view of the patient. Occupational therapy is a profession concerned with the use of occupation in the promotion of health and well being through the facilitation of the process of occupational adaptation. There is however a paucity of literature pertaining to the

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Tsuro, Urgent. "Modelling the impact of risk factors affecting TB treatment." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1019782.

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The Tuberculosis infection rate has been generally escalating due to poor health conditions in the Gweru district of Zimbabwe. The study therefore seeks to identify the risk factors that affect TB treatment in the Gweru district. A cross sectional study was carried out in which a questionnaire was employed for data collection on 113 respondents. A binary logistic regression model was employed for data analysis. A total of 98 TB patients were interviewed: [50 respondents (44.0%) had Multi-drug resistant Tuberculosis and 63 respondents (56.0%) had general Tuberculosis). Before being enrolled int

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Stoffels, Karolien. "Contribution to the research on drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209194.

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a potentially fatal contagious disease that can affect almost any part of the body but is mainly an infection of the lungs. It is caused by micro-organisms of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. It is the second greatest killer worldwide due to a single infectious agent, after the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Without treatment, fatality is 50% in immune competent persons. TB remains the leading cause of death among HIV positive persons, causing one fifth of the deaths. The World Health Organization estimates that one third of the world population is infected by

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Nhokwara, Primrose Tinashe. "Factors that influence the utilisation of ototoxicity monitoring services for patients on treatment for drug-resistant tuberculosis." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15683.

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Multi-drug resistance is increasingly becoming a challenge to tuberculosis control programmes globally. Treatment of multi-drug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) includes aminoglycoside antibiotics which are known to cause hearing loss. Ototoxicity monitoring services are often provided to patients undergoing treatment for MDR-TB for early detection of ototoxic hearing loss to facilitate alerting the patients and relevant medical staff about the presence and progression of any hearing loss. Previously, models of managing patients with MDR-TB required mandatory hospitalization for at least 6 mon

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Firfirey, Nousheena. "The evaluation of the integrated client-centred intervention programme (ICIP) for clients with MDR-TB at DP Marais Hospital in the Western Cape." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7687.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD<br>Although TB is a curable communicable disease, poor adherence to TB treatment is a major barrier to TB control in South Africa as it increases the risks of morbidity, mortality and drug resistance at individual and community level. As a result, multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) has become a serious public health issue. Underpinning this study was the assumption that a client-centred approach to treatment of MDR-TB clients, with a hospital programme which adopts an integrated multidisciplinary approach that is client-centred and is not purely biomedically driven

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Greeff, Wildine Marion. "Ototoxicity Monitoring using Automated Extended High-Frequency Audiometry and the Sensitive Range of Ototoxicity in Patients with MDR-TB." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32696.

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Background: Disabling hearing loss is a global burden. This burden is worsened by the emergence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Some of the medications used to treat MDR-TB are damaging to the cochlea and auditory nerve (ototoxic) and can lead to permanent hearing loss and/or balance disorders. Ototoxicity monitoring aims to reduce this burden by preventing or minimising the damage caused by ototoxic treatment as it can progress and worsen speech perception difficulties. However, the proposed test battery for ototoxicity monitoring is lengthy and demands active participation whi

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Giyose, Patela. "Strategies used to implement the national guidelines on preventing and early management of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) at the buffalo city municipality clinics in East London Eastern Cape province." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/1297.

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The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the strategies used by nurses to implement the national treatment guidelines to prevent, detect and manage multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients. Tuberculosis remains one of the leading infectious diseases and the major cause of death worldwide with estimates of 9.2 million new TB cases in 2008 and 1.7 deaths including 200 000 in clients co-infected with HIV. South Africa is currently ranked 3rd among the 22 high TB burden countries in the world. The HIV/AIDS epidemic contributes significantly to the upward trend in TB morbidit

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Ngema, Xolani Terrance. "Metallic nanoparticles with polymeric shell: A multifunctional platform for application to biosensor." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6330.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD (Chemistry)<br>Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) that usually affects the lungs leading to severe coughing, fever and chest pains. It was estimated that over 9.6 million people worldwide developed TB and 1.5 million died from the infectious disease of which 12 % were co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the year 2015. In 2016 the statistics increased to a total of 1.7 million people reportedly died from TB with an estimated 10.4 million new cases of TB diagnosed worldwide. The development of the effic

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Rifat, Mahfuza. "Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in community setting of Bangladesh." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1312209.

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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)<br>Background: Bangladesh is one of the high burden countries for tuberculosis (TB) as well as for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Research projects presented in this thesis addressed the following areas: risk factors for development of MDR-TB; factors related to previous tuberculosis treatment of MDR-TB patients; delays in treatment of drug sensitive tuberculosis patients; and the health system delay in the treatment of MDR-TB patients, in Bangladesh. Method: This thesis by publication consists of four papers. A case control study of

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Njaramba, Peter. "Managing multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in hospitalized patients at Sizwe Tropical Diseases Hospital: A five year review of treatment outcomes." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/1436.

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Student number:0312412A Faculty of Health Sciences School of Public Health<br>Management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is more expensive, lengthy and is associated with less favourable outcomes and more adverse reactions than management of susceptible tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to review the management and treatment outcomes of registered MDR-TB patients hospitalized at Sizwe hospital during a five-year period. A cross-sectional study with both descriptive and analytic features was done on 237 MDR-TB patients hospitalized from the beginning of June 1998 to t

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Ramtahal, Melissa Afton. "Spread of multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR) including extensively drug resistant turberculosis (XDR TB), in rural KwaZulu-Natal." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/6294.

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is an airborne pathogen that is easily transmitted from person to person. An intact immune system prevents the organism from causing disease in most individuals. In South Africa, the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has reached astronomical levels and is now fuelling the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic. Drug resistant MTB strains combined with a weakened host immune system is a lethal combination. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) including extensively drug resistant (XDR) tuberculosis is on the increase, with Tugela Ferry in KwaZulu-Natal South Africa, rep

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Sewpersadh, Mandira. "Differences between genotypic and phenotypic resistance in MDR-TB strains in South Africa." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/12539.

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South Africa (SA) is burdened with one of the highest tuberculosis (TB) infection rates worldwide. The dual epidemic of HIV and MDR- and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) -TB outbreaks prompted the World Health Organisation to call for a new rapid molecular diagnostics tool(s). To curb the spread of drug-resistant TB, SA introduced genotypic Hain MTBDRplus line probe assays (Hain LPA) for the routine rapid diagnosis of MDR-TB. This study aimed to determine the frequency, geographic distribution and genetic basis for phenotypic and genotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST) discordant findings.

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Rigouts, L., N. Coeck, M. Gumusboga, et al. "Specific gyrA gene mutations predict poor treatment outcome in MDR-TB." 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17328.

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Yes<br>Mutations in the gyrase genes cause fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, the predictive value of these markers for clinical outcomes in patients with MDR-TB is unknown to date. The objective of this study was to determine molecular markers and breakpoints predicting second-line treatment outcomes in M. tuberculosis patients treated with fourth-generation fluoroquinolones. We analysed treatment outcome data in relation to the gyrA and gyrB sequences and MICs of ofloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin for pretreatment M. tuberculosis isolates from 181 MDR

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Mpanyane, Disego Mmatau. "The detection of drug resistant mutations in mycobacterium tuberculosis strains using anyplex MTB/NTM/MDR-TB plus assay in Limpopo Province." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1635.

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Thesis (MSc. (Medical Sciences)) -- University of Limpopo, 2015<br>Introduction: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) caused by resistance to at least rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH) drugs is a growing public health concern in South Africa. The detection of MDR-TB still relies on culture despite advancement in molecular diagnostic technology. Currently MTBDRplus and GeneXpert are the only available assays used in rapid diagnosis of MDR-TB using chromosomal mutations in drug target regions. Some strains are missed by these assays due to their limitation in mutational detection profile

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Odendaal, Ronel. "Epidemiological impact of HIV on second - line drug resistance in patients with multidrug resistant tuberculosis in high HIV prevalent settings in South Africa." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43209.

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Salindri, Argita. "Diabetes Reduces the Rate of Sputum Culture Conversion in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis." 2015. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/iph_theses/421.

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Background: Risk factors for acquired multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) are well described but risk factors of primary MDR TB is understudied. We aimed to 1) assess risk factors for primary MDR TB, including diabetes, and 2) determine if diabetes reduced the rate of sputum culture conversion in patients with primary MDR TB. Methods: From 2011-2014 we conducted a prospective cohort study at the National Center for TB and Lung Disease in Tbilisi, Georgia. Adult (≥35 years) patients with primary TB were eligible. MDR TB was defined as resistance to at least rifampicin and isoniazid. Patie

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Mengistu, Kenea Wakjira. "Treatment outcomes of patients with MDR-TB and its determinants at referral hospitals in Ethiopia." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26003.

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Text in English<br>Aim: The aims of this study were to investigate the treatment outcomes of patients with MDRTB and its determinants at referral hospitals in Ethiopia. The study also aims to develop a conceptual model for enhancing treatment of patients with MDR-TB in Ethiopia. Design and methods: A concurrent mixed methods design with quantitative dominance was used to investigate treatment outcomes of patients with MDR-TB and its determinants. Results: A total of 136 (n=136) patients with MDR-TB participated in the study, 74 (54%) were male and 62 (46%) were female. Forty-one (31%) of

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Nigusso, Fikadu Tadesse. "Risk factors for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia." Diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/10191.

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This quantitative, descriptive study investigated risk factors for MDR-TB in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A total of 439 medical records belonging to MDR-TB and non MDR-TB patients managed in public health centres from January 2008 to December 2011 were analysed. Data were transcribed from each TB patient‟s medical records using a specifically designed checklist. The findings revealed that male gender, previous history of TB treatment, poor treatment adherence, an outcome of failure after TB re-treatment, previous category of failure, pulmonary involvement of TB infection and HIV infection were ass

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Lempens, P., T. Decroo, K. J. M. Aung, et al. "Initial resistance to companion drugs should not be considered an exclusion criterion for the multidrug-resistant tuberculosis shorter treatment regimen." 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18043.

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Yes<br>We investigated whether companion drug resistance was associated with adverse outcome of the shorter MDR-TB regimen in Bangladesh, after adjusting for fluoroquinolone resistance. MDR/RR-TB patients registered for treatment with a standardized gatifloxacin-based shorter MDR-TB regimen were selected for the study. Drug resistance was determined using the proportion method, gatifloxacin and isoniazid minimum inhibitory concentration testing for selected isolates, and whole genome sequencing. Low-level and high-level fluoroquinolone resistance were the most important predictors of adverse

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Arjun, Sitha Devi. "Experiences of the mobile injection team for multi drug resistant-tuberculosis patients in Ugu District, KwaZulu-Natal." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/21046.

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The purpose of the study was to investigate and describe the experiences of a mobile injection team for multi drug resistant-tuberculosis outpatients, and to design and recommend a mobile injection team guideline based on the experiences of the team members in Ugu District, KwaZulu-Natal and to indicate the support that the MIT require. Phenomenological research was conducted. Convenient census sampling was used as all the seven members of the Ugu District mobile injection team were included. The inclusion criteria was at least six months’ working experience with MDR-TB patients in a mobile in

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Ngabonziza, J. C. S., Y. M. Habimana, T. Decroo, et al. "Reduction of diagnostic and treatment delays reduces rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis mortality in Rwanda." 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17785.

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Yes<br>SETTING: In 2005, in response to the increasing prevalence of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) and poor treatment outcomes, Rwanda initiated the programmatic management of RR-TB, including expanded access to systematic rifampicin drug susceptibility testing (DST) and standardised treatment.OBJECTIVE: To describe trends in diagnostic and treatment delays and estimate their effect on RR-TB mortality.DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of individual-level data including 748 (85.4%) of 876 patients diagnosed with RR-TB notified to the World Health Organization between 1 July 2005 and 31

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Likibi, Mupata Lelwi. "Profile of multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients at Sizwe Hospital: 2001-2002." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/11419.

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M.P.H., Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 2011<br>Background: In Gauteng Province, South Africa, Sizwe Tropical Hospital (STH) is the designated centre for the specialized management of MDR-TB. But during the period covered by this study (2001-2002), all cases of TB (MDR-TB and NMDR-TB) were treated at STH. This was not according to the prescript of the National guidelines. This study describes the socio-demographic, treatment profile and treatment outcomes of MDR-TB patients seen and treated at STH during 2001 and 2002. Method: This was a cross sectional study invo

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Kavallieratos, Angela. "Hearing function in adults with Multiple Drug Resistant-TB : a retrospective review." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/11880.

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KwaZulu-Natal has been ranked as having the fourth highest incidence of transmitted Multiple Drug Resistant-Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in sub-Saharan Africa. Substantial literature exists indicating the permanent damage that MDR-TB medication has on hearing abilities. The purpose of this study was to describe the hearing function of adults on long term MDR-TB treatment from Murchison Hospital MDR-TB unit in the Ugu District in rural KwaZulu-Natal. The primary aim of the study was to review the possible changes in hearing function in a group of adults on long-term treatment for MDR-TB. Secondly, the

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Kanika, *. "Structural and Functional Characterization of Enzymes of Proline Biosynthesis Pathway in Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Thesis, 2015. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4554.

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Tuberculosis is the second largest killer disease on global scale after HIVAIDS. The rapid evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis into drug resistant strains and the toxicity of these drugs are the major constraints in prevention and cure of this disease. One strategy for drug discovery can be to target the metabolic pathway in Mycobacterium, to design a broad range of drugs that target key metabolic pathways related to lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, vitamin and cofactor biosynthetic pathways and nucleotide metabolism. It has been alread

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Ramese, Nnyadzeni. "Identification and characterisation of compounds with antimycobacterial activity from stomatostemma monteiroae." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2973.

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Thesis (MSc. (Microbiology)) -- University of Limpopo, 2019<br>The emergence of drug resistance to the first line drugs complicates the treatment of tuberculosis (TB), especially in parts of sub-Saharan Africa where accessibility to quality health care is limited. The search for alternative medication has been the centre of research for years due to challenges posed by infectious organisms including drug resistance, lengthy treatment periods and lack of quality health care in developing countries. Stomatostemma monteiroae is used in traditional medicine to treat TB and related symptoms. The ai

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August, Keith. "HIV/AIDS, migrant labour and the experience of God : a practical theological postfoundationalist approach." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26862.

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Migrant workers in the Deciduous Fruit Industry are part of the marginalised communities in South Africa. They are often voiceless in the communities they find themselves. They are historically displaced, often prone to xenophobia and very vulnerable in terms of HIV. Not only do they have a high infection rate but they also struggle in isolation to carry the burden of HIV and AIDS affection or infection. They will face double jeopardy when a partner becomes ill, in the homeland and they have to continue with employment. The main aim of this research was to reach a holistic understanding throug

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