Journal articles: 'Multifunctional frequency filter'

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Langhammer, Lukas, Roman Sotner, Jan Dvorak, and Tomas Dostal. "Dual-Mode Multifunctional Reconnection-Less Reconfigurable Filter." Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika 26, no. 3 (June 26, 2020): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eie.26.3.25856.

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A novel solution of a reconnection-less reconfigurable filter is being presented. The filter works in the current mode, voltage mode, and mixed mode (voltage tocurrent) offering sixteen transfer functions in total. The structure utilizes a voltage differencing transconductance amplifier, current follower and voltage, and current amplifiers. The designed structure offers the control of the pole frequency and quality factor and the adjustment of the band-stop/band-pass area of available functions. The proposed design is supported by the PSpice simulations using available simulation models.

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Soisang, Suriya, Kamon Jirasereemomkul, Winai Jaikla, and Kohji Higuchi. "Voltage-Mode Multifunctional Biquadratic Filter Using VDDDA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 781 (August 2015): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.781.155.

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This paper presents a new voltage-mode single-input multiple-output multifunctional biquadratic filter using voltage differencing differential difference amplifiers (VDDDA) with high-input impedance. It consists of two VDDDA, two resistors, and two grounded capacitors. It can synthesize basic filter functions: high-past (HP), low-pass (LP) and band-pass (BP), responding through only single structure. The natural frequency can obtain by adjusting bias currents of VDDDA without disturbing quality factors. Because of using VDDDA as an active device in the circuit, the power consumption was low. The simulation using PSPICE program indicated that circuit operation has good agreement with the theory.

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JERABEK, J., J. DVORAK, R. SOTNER, B. METIN, and K. VRBA. "Multifunctional current-mode filter with dual-parameter control of the pole frequency." Advances in Electrical and Computer Engineering 16, no. 3 (2016): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4316/aece.2016.03005.

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Yucel, Firat, and Erkan Yuce. "A New CCII Based Voltage-Mode Multifunctional Filter with Reduced Number of Active and Passive Elements." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 24, no. 04 (March 4, 2015): 1550047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126615500474.

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In this paper, a new voltage-mode (VM) multifunctional filter comprising two second-generation current conveyors (CCIIs) is proposed. The proposed filter with one input and three outputs is also composed of three resistors and two grounded capacitors. The proposed filter has high input impedance; thus, it can be easily connected with other VM circuits. The proposed filter can simultaneously provide low-pass (LP), band-pass (BP) and high-pass (HP) responses. A number of time domain and frequency domain simulation results are included to confirm the claimed theory.

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Polak, Josef, Jan Jerabek, Lukas Langhammer, Roman Sotner, Jan Dvorak, and David Panek. "Digitally Controllable Current Amplifier and Current Conveyors in Practical Application of Controllable Frequency Filter." Journal of Electrical Engineering 67, no. 4 (July 1, 2016): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jee-2016-0038.

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Abstract This paper presents the simulations results in comparison with the measured results of the practical realization of the multifunctional second order frequency filter with a Digitally Adjustable Current Amplifier (DACA) and two Dual-Output Controllable Current Conveyors (CCCII +/−). This filter is designed for use in current mode. The filter was designed of the single input multiple outputs (SIMO) type, therefore it has only one input and three outputs with individual filtering functions. DACA element used in a newly proposed circuit is present in form of an integrated chip and the current conveyors are implemented using the Universal Current Conveyor (UCC) chip with designation UCC-N1B. Proposed frequency filter enables independent control of the pole frequency using parameters of two current conveyors and also independent control of the quality factor by change of a current gain of DACA.

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Khan, I. A., and M. T. Ahmed. "Realization of MOS-compatible multifunctional active-C biquadratic filter for high frequency applications." Microelectronics Journal 17, no. 4 (July 1986): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-2692(86)80110-0.

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Bhaskar, Data R., Ajishek Raj, and Pragati Kumar. "Mixed-Mode Universal Biquad Filter Using OTAs." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 29, no. 10 (December 16, 2019): 2050162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126620501625.

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This paper introduces an electronically tunable mixed-mode universal biquad filter configuration employing four single output operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs), one dual output OTA and two grounded capacitors (GCs) (ideal for integrated circuit implementation and absorbing shunt parasitic capacitances). The presented structure can realize all second-order filter functions, namely, low pass (LP), high pass (HP), band pass (BP), band reject (BR) and all pass (AP) responses in voltage mode (VM), current mode (CM), transresistance mode (TRM) and transconductance mode (TCM) using appropriate selection(s) of input signals. The cut-off frequency ([Formula: see text] and bandwidth (BW) of the realized filters can be tuned orthogonally through the transconductance (by varying the bias currents) of the OTAs. The proposed biquad configuration enjoys low active and passive sensitivities. The workability of this multifunctional biquad filter topology has been confirmed through simulations using MATLAB and Analog Design Environment (ADE) spectre tool provided by Cadence Virtuoso, using 0.18[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m CMOS process parameter. The post-layout simulations have also been carried out to validate the theory.

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Jerabek, Jan, Roman Sotner, Josef Polak, Lukas Langhammer, Norbert Herencsar, Roman Prokop, and Kamil Vrba. "Resistor-Less Single-Purpose or Reconfigurable Biquads Utilizing Single z-Copy Controlled-Gain Voltage Differencing Current Conveyor." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 26, no. 03 (November 21, 2016): 1750050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126617500505.

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Presented work deals with applications of the single [Formula: see text]-copy controlled-gain voltage differencing current conveyor (ZC-CG-VDCC) in single purpose and multifunctional biquadratic voltage- and current-mode active resistor-less filters. Electronically adjustable features of the active device (intrinsic current input resistance [Formula: see text], current gain [Formula: see text] and transconductance [Formula: see text]) are controlled by DC bias current. These mentioned adjustable features allow interesting possibilities of control of the pole frequency and quality factor. Four voltage-mode solutions realizing low-pass, band-pass, high-pass and band-reject filtering solutions were designed together with two current-mode filters. The current-mode solutions have curious multifunctional capability based on full utilization of electronically controllable parameters of the ZC-CG-VDCC. Two adjustable parameters of the ZC-CG-VDCC (intrinsic current input resistance and transconductance) are used for electronic setting of features of the filter (pole frequency, quality factor, tuning). Control of the third adjustable parameter (current gain) causes reconnection-less change of the transfer function between iAP (inverting all-pass response) and iBR (inverting band-reject responses). Simulation results in PSPICE and Cadence CDS 6 are used to show characteristics of the proposed circuits.

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Yucel, Firat, and Erkan Yuce. "A New Voltage-Mode Multifunctional Filter Using Only Two Voltage Followers and a Minimum Number of Passive Elements." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 24, no. 06 (May 26, 2015): 1550085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126615500851.

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A new voltage-mode (VM) multifunctional filter using only two voltage followers (VFs), two resistors and two capacitors is proposed. The proposed filter with two inputs and two outputs can provide low-pass (LP) and high-pass (HP) responses. It does not need any critical passive component matching constraints. Additionally, it has low output impedances, low power dissipation and adequately low THD values. However, it does not have high input impedances; accordingly, it requires an extra VF to obtain high input impedance. A number of time domain and frequency domain simulations and experimental tests are performed to verify the claimed theory.

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Lewark, Ulrich Johannes, Axel Tessmann, Hermann Massler, Sandrine Wagner, Arnulf Leuther, and Ingmar Kallfass. "Active frequency-tripler MMICs for 300 GHz signal generation." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 4, no. 3 (March 9, 2012): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078712000165.

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Two frequency-tripler monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) reaching sub-millimeter-wave output frequencies of 315 GHz are presented. The convenient integration of transistor–based field effect transistor (FET) frequency multipliers into multifunctional MMICs is shown by integration of a single–stage frequency-tripler with a buffer amplifier generating −0.5 dBm of peak output power at 288. Without post-amplification an average output power of −10.1 dBm in the output frequency range from 285 to 315 is measured with 10 dBm of input power. The 3-dB bandwidth is more than 30 GHz and could not be determined exactly due to the measurement setup. Both MMICs are realized in a 50 nm metamorphic high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) transistor technology. A multiple power-meter measurement technique including a waveguide filter is used to measure accurately the second harmonic power content within the output spectrum.

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Fahad, Ruan, and Chen. "A Wideband Terahertz Transmissive Polarization Manipulator Based on Metasurfaces." Electronics 8, no. 10 (September 20, 2019): 1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8101068.

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Wideband and multifunction operation for THz polarization manipulating devices has been desired for a wide range of applications. In this paper, a novel wideband transmissive type polarization manipulator based on metasurfaces is proposed in the THz region. The designed metasurface acts as a multifunctional polarization manipulator, performing linear to circular polarization conversion (LCPC) for relative bandwidth 43.9% (0.94 THz to 1.47 THz) for incident x/y polarizations and a wideband bandpass filter with relative bandwidth 67% (0.713 THz to 1.4346 THz) for incident slant (xy) polarizations. Wideband LCPC operation is achieved using a unique diagonal symmetric structure based on a bilayered metasurface. In order to confirm the validation of proposed results, electromagnetic simulation was carried out in two industry-standard software packages, HFSS and CST, using frequency domain and time domain solvers, respectively. Close agreement between numerical results depicts the validity and reliability of the proposed design. Polarized wave trajectory, equivalent microscopic circuit, physical mechanisms, and impact of different geometrical parameters on the performance is investigated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first polarization manipulator based on bilayered metasurfaces. The same structure can be used as for LCPC and the transmit reject filter for THz wireless communication, including THz satellite communications, the future of communication. Moreover, they can be used in THz imaging and biomolecular control devices.

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Zheng, Dongze, and Ke Wu. "Multifunctional Filtering Leaky-Wave Antenna Exhibiting Simultaneous Rapid Beam-Scanning and Frequency-Selective Characteristics Based on Radiative Bandpass Filter Concept." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 68, no. 8 (August 2020): 5842–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2020.2984923.

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Tu, Yuxiang, Yasir I. A. Al-Yasir, Naser Ojaroudi Parchin, Ahmed M. Abdulkhaleq, and Raed A. Abd-Alhameed. "A Survey on Reconfigurable Microstrip Filter–Antenna Integration: Recent Developments and Challenges." Electronics 9, no. 8 (August 4, 2020): 1249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9081249.

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Reconfigurable and tunable radio frequency (RF) and microwave (MW) components have become exciting topics for many researchers and design engineers in recent years. Reconfigurable microstrip filter–antenna combinations have been studied in the literature to handle multifunctional tasks for wireless communication systems. Using such devices can reduce the need for many RF components and minimize the cost of the whole wireless system, since the changes in the performance of these applications are achieved using electronic tuning techniques. However, with the rapid development of current fourth-generation (4G) and fifth-generation (5G) applications, compact and reconfigurable structures with a wide tuning range are in high demand. However, meeting these requirements comes with some challenges, namely the increased design complexity and system size. Accordingly, this paper aims to discuss these challenges and review the recent developments in the design techniques used for reconfigurable filters and antennas, as well as their integration. Various designs for different applications are studied and investigated in terms of their geometrical structures and operational performance. This paper begins with an introduction to microstrip filters, antennas, and filtering antennas (filtennas). Then, performance comparisons between the key and essential structures for these aspects are presented and discussed. Furthermore, a comparison between several RF reconfiguration techniques, current challenges, and future developments is presented and discussed in this review. Among several reconfigurable structures, the most efficient designs with the best attractive features are addressed and highlighted in this paper to improve the performance of RF and MW front end systems.

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SHAVELKIN, A. A., and YE YU STANOVSKYI. "Multifunctional converter unit with a series connection of inverters for the combined electric power system of a local object with a photovoltaic battery." Journal of Electrical and power engineering 14, no. 1 (February 27, 2020): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/2074-2630-2020-1-74-80.

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The improvement of the structure is considered and the justification of the parameters of a multifunctional converter unit with a series connection of inverters for a combined electric power system of a local object with a photovoltaic battery is performed. There are obtained dependences of the amplitude of the ripple of the output current of the inverters, the error for fundamental harmonic, and the relation for determining the values of the inverter input voltage, reactor inductance, and PWM frequency according to the mains voltage and the maximum value of the inverter current, when it combines the functions of the active power filter. The single-channel control system structure with a slave current control loop with a common channel of current deviation for inverters has been improved. The external controller is determined by the operating mode: when working in parallel with the network, it is the current (voltage) controller of the photovoltaic battery, which under current conditions has less power; in the absence of energy production - the input voltage controller of one of the inverters; in standalone mode - load voltage controller.

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Al-Ali, Abdulrahman Khalaf, Muhammad Taher Abuelma'atti, and Rizwan Ali Tiwana. "Programmable OTA-Based Multifunction Active Filter." Active and Passive Electronic Components 17, no. 1 (1994): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1994/10413.

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A fully programmable multifunction filter is presented. The filter uses four operational transconductance amplifiers and two capacitors. Analog switches are used to control the filter transfer function through a microcontroller. The user is provided control over the cutoff (or centre) frequency of the filter by controlling the auxiliary bias currents of the operational transconductance amplifiers via digital-to-analog converters. The circuit can simultaneously provide three programmable transfer functions in a single structure and can realize all the standard second-order filters. The circuit is attractive for VLSI implementation.

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Qi, Wenjuan, Jixuan Gao, and Zhongxian Wang. "Design of Multi-function Power Factor Instrument with STM32." Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Electrical & Electronic Engineering) 13, no. 6 (November 4, 2020): 925–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2352096513666191224095720.

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Background: A multifunctional power factor device based on the FFT algorithm has been designed. The digital panel can display power factor, voltage, current, frequency, phase angle, active power and reactive power. Objective: To solve the influence of the harmonic interference and the aperiodic component on the accuracy of power factor measurement. Methods: In this paper, by combining a fixed-point 256-point FFT algorithm and taking STM32 as the core microcontroller, the hardware circuit and the software program are designed respectively. The hardware circuit is tested and analyzed in practice. Among them, the hardware circuit mainly includes the main circuit design, STM32 control circuit design, EMI and second-order RC filter circuit design, sampling circuit design, and signal conditioning circuit design. The software program mainly includes the main program, AD conversion subroutine, voltage and current acquisition subroutine, LCD display subroutine and twirl factor array. FFT algorithm is achieved by the table look-up method. Results: Finally, the hardware circuit is built and the software program is debugged to test the designed device. The experimental results show that the designed power factor instrument meets the task requirements under the different types of loads. Conclusion: After processing and analyzing the measurement results, it can be concluded that: under the pure resistive load, the maximal relative error of electrical parameters is 4.49%; and under the resistive inductive load, the maximal relative error of electrical parameters is 2.86%. Both results meet the design requirements.

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Wang, San-Fu, Hua-Pin Chen, Yitsen Ku, and Ming-Xiu Zhong. "Voltage-Mode Multifunction Biquad Filter and Its Application as Fully-Uncoupled Quadrature Oscillator Based on Current-Feedback Operational Amplifiers." Sensors 20, no. 22 (November 22, 2020): 6681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20226681.

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This research introduces a new multifunction biquad filter based on voltage mode (VM) current-feedback operational amplifier (CFOA) and a fully uncoupled quadrature oscillator (QO) based on the proposed VM multifunction biquad filter. The proposed VM multifunction biquad filter has high impedance to the input voltage signal, and uses three CFOAs as active components, while using four resistors and two grounded capacitors as passive components. The VM CFOA-based multifunction biquad filter realizes band-reject, band-pass, and low-pass transfer functions at high-input impedance node simultaneously, which has the feature of easy cascading in VM operation without the need for additional voltage buffers. Additionally, the filter control factor parameter pole frequency (ωo) and quality factor (Q) of the proposed VM multifunction biquad filter can be independently set by varying different resistors. By slightly modifying the VM multifunction biquad filter topology, a VM fully-uncoupled QO is easily obtained. The difference from the previous VM CFOA-based multifunction biquad filter is that the proposed VM CFOA-based multifunction biquad filter can be independently controlled by the filter control factor parameters, ωo and Q. The proposed VM CFOA-based multifunction biquad filter can be transformed into a VM QO with fully-uncoupled adjustable of the oscillation condition and the oscillation frequency. The oscillation condition and the oscillation frequency can be fully-uncoupled and controlled by varying two sets of completely different resistors. The proposed VM fully-uncoupled QO solves the amplitude instability. The constant amplitude ratio of two quadrature sinusoidal waveforms can be realized when tuning FO. PSpice simulation and experimental results prove the performances of the proposed VM multifunction filter and VM fully-uncoupled QO. Simulation and experimental results confirm the theoretical analysis of the proposed circuits.

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Shah, N. A., and F. A. Khanday. "A Generic Current Mode Design for Multifunction Grounded Capacitor Filters Employing Log-Domain Technique." Active and Passive Electronic Components 2011 (2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/313580.

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A generic design (GD) for realizing annth order log-domain multifunction filter (MFF), which can yield four possible stable filter configurations, each offering simultaneously lowpass (LP), highpass (HP), and bandpass (BP) frequency responses, is presented. The features of these filters are very simple, consisting of merely a few exponential transconductor cells and capacitors; all grounded elements, capable of absorbing the shunt parasitic capacitances, responses are electronically tuneable, and suitable for monolithic integration. Furthermore, being designed using log-domain technique, it offers all its advantages. As an example, 5th-order MFFs are designed in each case and their performances are evaluated through simulation. Lastly, a comparative study of the MFFs is also carried, which helps in selecting better high-order MFF for a given application.

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Wang, San-Fu, Hua-Pin Chen, Yitsen Ku, and Po-Yu Chen. "A CFOA-Based Voltage-Mode Multifunction Biquadratic Filter and a Quadrature Oscillator Using the CFOA-Based Biquadratic Filter." Applied Sciences 9, no. 11 (June 4, 2019): 2304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9112304.

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This paper proposes a new high-input impedance current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA)- based voltage-mode multifunction biquadratic filter and a voltage-mode quadrature oscillator using the proposed high-input impedance CFOA-based biquadratic filter. The proposed high-input impedance CFOA-based voltage-mode multifunction biquadratic filter uses three CFOAs, three resistors, and two grounded capacitors with two inputs and three outputs. The filter can simultaneously realize non-inverting low-pass, non-inverting band-pass, and non-inverting band-reject filtering functions at the high-input impedance terminal while the inverting band-pass and non-inverting high-pass filtering functions can also be obtained by applying another high-input impedance terminal. The filter offers orthogonal control of resonance angular frequency and quality factor. The proposed high-input impedance CFOA-based voltage-mode multifunction biquadratic filter can be used to implement a voltage-mode quadrature oscillator with an independently controlled the frequency of oscillator and the condition of oscillation. The OrCAD PSpice simulation and experimental results of the commercially available integrated circuit, AD844AN, are used to confirm the characteristics of the proposed filter and oscillator.

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Bhanja, Mousumi, and Baidyanath Ray. "Design of Configurable gm−C Biquadratic Filter." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 26, no. 03 (November 21, 2016): 1750036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126617500360.

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Design methodology of a voltage-mode programmable biquadratic filter using minimum components is proposed in this paper. Multifunction second-order filter has been implemented using two first-order filter sections. The proposed biquadratic filter has been realized with operational transconductance amplifier (OTA). Cut-off frequency and [Formula: see text]-factor of the biquadratic are controlled by the transconductance of the OTAs. The proposed design technique keeps all the sensitivities to lower values. The biquadratic filter operates at high frequency. The proposed structure is transformed into a third-order multifunction filter by adding minimum component, a single capacitor. Design of higher order filter using the proposed second-order function also has been investigated. The proposed synthesis is validated with SPICE simulation in 0.13[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m technology. Total harmonic distortion, output noise, corner simulations, Monte Carlo analysis due to the circuit parameter and process parameter variation have been studied.

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Wang, San-Fu, Hua-Pin Chen, Yitsen Ku, and Yi-Fang Li. "High-Input Impedance Voltage-Mode Multifunction Filter." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (January 3, 2021): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010387.

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This paper proposes a high-input impedance voltage-mode (VM) multifunction biquad filter which employs three current-feedback amplifiers (CFAs), three resistors, and two grounded capacitors. The proposed VM multifunction biquad filter has single-input and triple-output and can realize non-inverting low-pass (NLP), inverting band-pass (IBP), and non-inverting band-stop (NBS) voltage responses at the same time without increasing component selection. The proposed VM multifunction biquad filter enjoys the orthogonal tunability of angular frequency and quality factor and also provides the advantage of using only two grounded capacitors, high-input impedance and low active/passive sensitivity. The performance of the proposed VM multifunction biquad filter is verified through its hardware implementation and OrCAD PSpice simulation based on AD844-type CFAs. The circuit analysis, sensitivity analysis, and NLP, IBP, and NBS voltage responses are also shown in this paper. The paper presents a method to effectively reduce the active and passive components, maintain good circuit performance, and reduce circuit costs.

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Mohan, Jitendra, Bhartendu Chaturvedi, and Sudhanshu Maheshwari. "Single Active Element Based Voltage-Mode Multifunction Filter." Advances in Electrical Engineering 2014 (August 18, 2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/514019.

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The paper presents a new voltage-mode multifunction filter. The proposed filter employs single modified fully differential second generation current conveyor (FDCCII), two grounded capacitors, and three resistors. The proposed circuit enjoys the employment of two grounded capacitors (attractive for absorbing shunt parasitic capacitance and ideal for IC implementation). The proposed circuit provides all five generic filter responses (low pass (LP), high pass (HP), band pass (BP), notch (NH), and all pass (AP) filter responses) simultaneously with single input. The novel proposed filter has low active and passive sensitivities. A number of time domain and frequency domain simulation results depicted through PSPICE using 0.18 µm TSMC process parameters are included to validate the theory. The proposed circuit is expected to enhance the existing knowledge on the subject.

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Nandi, R., S. K. Sanyal, and U. C. Sarker. "A digitally programmable multifunction high-frequency wave processor/filter network." Microelectronics Journal 22, no. 1 (February 1991): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0026-2692(91)90042-l.

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Jerabek, Jan, Jan Dvorak, Roman Sotner, Norbert Herencsar, and Jaroslav Koton. "Experimental Verification of Pseudo-Differential Electronically Controllable Multifunction Filter Using Modified Current Differencing/Summing Units." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 28, no. 06 (June 12, 2019): 1950098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126619500981.

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This paper presents the synthesis and analysis of reconfigurable frequency filter with differential input and differential output terminals and its experimental verification. The inner structure of the filter has single-ended form, i.e., filter behaves as the so-called pseudo-differential circuit. Filtering function can be electronically reconfigured between low-pass (LP) and band-pass (BP) responses. Active elements of the filter are differential voltage buffer (DVB) as an input stage and modified current differencing unit (MCDU) together with modified current summing unit (MCSU) as the inner and also output stage. Each of the important parameters of the filter (angular pole frequency, quality factor and pass-band gain) is electronically controllable by parameters of these active elements used. Some of the parameters of the filter are controlled by two independent parameters, i.e., are dual-controlled, which enables the extended electronic controllability. The proposed topology operates in the voltage mode and both input nodes have high input impedance. Expected behavior of the filter is analyzed and verified by PSpice simulations using CMOS models of above-mentioned active elements. Moreover, features of the filter in both configurations were successfully verified also by experimental measurements using behavioral models of active elements.

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Merchan-Villalba, Luis Ramon, Jose Merced Lozano-Garcia, Juan Gabriel Avina-Cervantes, Hector Javier Estrada-Garcia, Alejandro Pizano-Martinez, and Cristian Andres Carreno-Meneses. "Linearly Decoupled Control of a Dynamic Voltage Restorer without Energy Storage." Mathematics 8, no. 10 (October 15, 2020): 1794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8101794.

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This paper presents the design of a decoupled linear control strategy for a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) that utilizes a Matrix Converter (MC) as its core element and obtains the compensation energy directly from the power system. This DVR is intended to cope with power quality problems present in supply system voltages such as balanced and unbalanced variations (sags and swells), and harmonic distortion. The dynamic model of the complete system that includes the Matrix Converter, the input filters and the electrical grid, is performed in the synchronous reference frame (dq0), to have constant signals at the fundamental frequency, in order to design the proposed linear control strategy. The coupling in the dq components of the system output signals caused by the Park Transformation, is eliminated by a change of variable proposed for the controller design, giving rise to a decoupled linear control. In this way, the strategy developed makes it possible to establish an adequate transient response for the converter in terms of convergence speed and overshoot magnitude, in addition to ensuring closed-loop system stability under bounded operating conditions. Unlike other proposals that utilize complex modulation strategies to control the MC under adverse conditions at the input terminals, in this case, the ability to generate fully controllable output voltages, regardless of the condition of the input signals, is provided by the designed linear controller. This allows the development of a multifunctional compensator with a simple control that could be of easy implementation. In order to verify the performance of the control strategy developed, and the effectiveness of the proposed DVR to mitigate the power quality problems already mentioned, several case studies are presented. The operational capacity of the MC is demonstrated by the obtained simulation results, which clearly reveals the capability of the DVR to eliminate voltage swells up to 50% and sags less than 50%. The compensation limit reached for sags is 37%. In relation to compensation for unbalanced voltage variations, the DVR manages to reduce the voltage imbalance from 11.11% to 0.37%. Finally, with regard to the operation of the DVR as an active voltage filter, the compensator is capable of reducing a THD of 20% calculated on the supply voltage, to a value of 1.53% measured at the load terminals. In the last two cases, the DVR mitigates disturbances to a level below the criteria established in the IEEE standard for power quality. Results obtained from numerical simulations performed in MATLAB/Simulink serve to validate the proposal, given that for each condition analyzed, the MC had succesfully generated the adequate compensation voltages, thus corroborating the robustness and effectiveness of the control strategy developed in this proposal.

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He, Hai Zhen, Jun Kuang, Xin Liu, Xin Hang Huang, and Mei Li Cao. "Signal Flow Graph Synthetical Implement the Current-Mode Multifunction Filter Based on CDTA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 530-531 (February 2014): 1100–1107. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.530-531.1100.

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In this paper, a signal flow graph structure of current-mode multifunction filter using current differencing transconductance amplifier (CDTA) is presented. The proposed configuration is comprised of two grounded capacitors and four CDTAs. They exhibit low-input and high-output impedances, which is very convenient for integrated circuit implementation. The presented filter configuration can realize all the standard filter functions simultaneously, lowpass (LP), bandpass (BP), highpass (HP), bandstop (BS) and allpass (AP), without any component matching conditions. The natural frequency () and the bandwidth () of the proposed filter can be electronically tuned by varying the bias current of the CDTA. PSPICE simulation results are included to confirm the theory.

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Saied, Achwek Ben, Samir Ben Salem, and Dorra Sellami Masmoudi. "Low Voltage High Frequency CCII Based Multifunction Filters and Chaos Generator." Asian Journal of Applied Sciences 4, no. 6 (August 1, 2011): 603–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajaps.2011.603.617.

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Klungtong, Supachai, Dusit Thanapatay, and Winai Jaikla. "Three-Input Single-Output Voltage-Mode Multifunction Filter with Electronic Controllability Based on Single Commercially Available IC." Active and Passive Electronic Components 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5240751.

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This paper presents a second-order voltage-mode filter with three inputs and single-output voltage using single commercially available IC, one resistor, and two capacitors. The used commercially available IC, called LT1228, is manufactured by Linear Technology Corporation. The proposed filter is based on parallel RLC circuit. The filter provides five output filter responses, namely, band-pass (BP), band-reject (BR), low-pass (LP), high-pass (HP), and all-pass (AP) functions. The selection of each filter response can be done without the requirement of active and passive component matching condition. Furthermore, the natural frequency and quality factor are electronically controlled. Besides, the nonideal case is also investigated. The output voltage node exhibits low impedance. The experimental results can validate the theoretical analyses.

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Pushkar, K. L., D. R. Bhaskar, and Dinesh Prasad. "A New MISO-Type Voltage-Mode Universal Biquad Using Single VD-DIBA." ISRN Electronics 2013 (March 20, 2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/478213.

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A new multiple-input single-output-(MISO-)-type multifunction voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter employing single voltage differencing differential input buffered amplifier (VD-DIBA), two capacitors, and one resistor are proposed. The proposed structure can realize second-order low pass, high pass, band pass, band stop, and all pass filter responses without altering the circuit topology. The proposed new filter configuration also provides the following advantageous features, not available simultaneously in any of the single active device /element-based universal biquad in realizing all the five filter functions known earlier so far: (i) no requirement of any passive component(s) matching condition or inversion of input signal(s), (ii) independent electronic control of angular frequency () and bandwidth (BW), and (iii) low active and passive sensitivities. SPICE simulation results have been included using 0.35 µm TSMC technology to confirm the validity of the proposed new universal biquadratic filter configuration.

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Aly, Arafa H., and Fatma A. Sayed. "THz cutoff frequency and multifunction Ti 2Ba2Ca2Cu3O10/GaAs photonic bandgap materials." International Journal of Modern Physics B 34, no. 10 (April 20, 2020): 2050091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979220500915.

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By using the transfer matrix method (TMM), we theoretically explore the transmittance properties and cutoff frequency of one-dimensional photonic crystal (1DPCs) within the terahertz frequency region. The present structure consists of high-temperature superconductor and semiconductor layers. The results of the calculations represent the effects of various parameters on the cutoff frequency. We have used the two-fluid model as well as the Drude model to describe the permittivity of superconductor and semiconductor. Further, we consider that the permittivity of both the materials is depending on the hydrostatic pressure. The present results show that with the increasing of different parameters as the operating temperature, the thickness of semiconductor, and the filling factor of semiconductor, then the cutoff frequency shift to lower frequencies regions. By the increasing of superconductor thickness, hydrostatic pressure, doping concentration and filling factor of the superconductor, we found the cutoff frequency shifts to higher frequency regions. These results indicate that cutoff frequency can be modified through these different parameters. Finally, the present design could be useful for many optical systems as the optical filter, reflector and photoelectronic applications in the Terahertz regime.

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Maheshwari, Sudhanshu. "Some Analog Filters of Reduced Complexity with Shelving and Multifunctional Characteristics." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 27, no. 10 (May 24, 2018): 1850150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126618501505.

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This paper presents first-order voltage-mode filters using a single current conveyor with an additional X-stage, and passive elements. The new circuits have multifunction capability, and also realize low-shelf, high-shelf and band-shelf functions. The study is carried out on the effects of non-idealities, parasitic elements, and loading on the performance of proposed circuits. Active and passive sensitivities are also analyzed. The active element, extra-X current conveyor used for designing new circuits is simpler than most of the one active element and two passive elements’ based circuits. Detailed comparisons are carried out with relevant available works, and the new circuits are found to be more compact and exhibit higher frequency performances. The simulation results using 0.25[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m CMOS parameters with [Formula: see text]1.25[Formula: see text]V power-supply are shown to verify the proposed circuits. The proposed circuits are also verified through simulations. Experimental support is given using AD-844 ICs to strengthen the validity of the proposed circuits.

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Shevchenko, Vitaliy G., Vladimir P. Volkov, Alexander N. Zelenetsky, Anatoliy T. Ponomarenko, and Oleg Figovsky. "Electromagnetic Wave Shielding and Fire Retardant Multifunctional Polymer Composites." Advanced Materials Research 47-50 (June 2008): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.47-50.77.

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Novel PE- and PP-based electromagnetic wave shielding and absorbing materials with low combustibility, enhanced thermal and mechanical properties, containing graphite, grinded wood and fire retardants, were developed and investigated. Their flame-resistance, thermal and mechanical properties are investigated. Electromagnetic wave reflection coefficients of the materials over the frequency range 20-40 GHz were measured; despite low concentration (10%) of functional filler, reflection coefficient can be as low as -15 dB. Criteria of incombustibility of polymeric composites are formulated: thermochemical, kinetic, thermal, physical and mass transfer. These criteria allowed to set up the principles of decreasing combustibility of polymeric composites. Materials requirements, allowing to choose the most effective shielding and fireproof systems for multicomponent composites, containing polymers, wood and other fillers, were formulated.

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Faseehuddin, Mohammad, Jahariah Sampe, and Sawal Hamid Md Ali. "Grounded Impedance Simulator Topologies Employing Minimum Passive Elements." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.28 (May 16, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.28.12871.

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In this research three new grounded inductance simulators (GIS) are proposed. In addition, frequency dependent negative resistor (FDNR) and grounded capacitor (GC) simulators are also developed. The voltage differencing current conveyor (VDCC) is utilized in the design. All the developed simulator circuits need a single active block and only two grounded passive components. All the designed simulator circuits are perfectly tunable and did not suffer from passive component matching constraints. To demonstrate the performance of the inductor, FDNR and GC circuits they are employed in designing current mode parallel RLC multifunction filter, low pass third order Butterworth filter and RLC resonance circuits. The VDCC is designed in 0.18μm CMOS technology parameters from TSMC and simulated in P-Spice software to prove the theoretical predictions.

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Lebedeva, Serafima V., N. P. Teplyuk, and V. S. Noveselov. "MODERN POSSIBILITIES OF HIGH FREQUENCY RADIO WAVE CURRENTS IN AESTHETIC MEDICINE." Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases 22, no. 5-6 (December 15, 2019): 192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/dv42958.

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The radio wave effect on biological tissues is of great interest to dermatologists, cosmetologists, and plastic surgeons. The modern information about radio wave therapy of involutional changes of face and neck skin is shown. A literature review of the physical aspects of the high-frequency current of the radio wave range is presented. The thermal and oscillation effects of radio frequency (RF) on biological tissues are shown, the mechanism of these effects at the cellular level is described. Primary targets of high-frequency currents exposure in the skin, their effect on the physicochemical properties of collagen and unicellular organisms are described. The mechanism of pulsed and continuous radio wave technologies and the possibility of their use in medical practice are described. Types of minimally invasive and non-invasive electrodes, when the choice of electrode diameter determines the therapy of specific clinical cases, are shown. The multifunctional minimally invasive RF device Innofill with needle and cannula active electrodes is presented. The technical characteristics and exposure modes of the device are considered. The features of the cannula electrode and the possibilities of its use in solving various dermatological and cosmetic problems are highlighted. A histological study of a combined technique of the Innofill radio wave method with the filler based on hyaluronic acid, was performed. A change in the amount of collagen and elastin fibers was noted. The distribution of the filler in the tissues was evaluated after the injection of the filler based on hyaluronic acid, after 30 and 60 seconds of RF exposure and after 30 seconds of RF exposure in a tunnel technique with the formation of a collagen channel. Histological material was stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson and Van Gieson trichrome. High efficiency, safety and prolonged effect of this exposure were described.

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Nauroze, Syed Abdullah, Larissa S. Novelino, Manos M. Tentzeris, and Glaucio H. Paulino. "Continuous-range tunable multilayer frequency-selective surfaces using origami and inkjet printing." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 52 (December 13, 2018): 13210–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1812486115.

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The tremendous increase in the number of components in typical electrical and communication modules requires low-cost, flexible and multifunctional sensing, energy harvesting, and communication modules that can readily reconfigure, depending on changes in their environment. Current subtractive manufacturing-based reconfigurable systems offer limited flexibility (limited finite number of discrete reconfiguration states) and have high fabrication cost and time requirements. Thus, this paper introduces an approach to solve the problem by combining additive manufacturing and origami principles to realize tunable electrical components that can be reconfigured over continuous-state ranges from folded (compact) to unfolded (large surface) configurations. Special “bridge-like” structures are introduced along the traces that increase their flexibility, thereby avoiding breakage during folding. These techniques allow creating truly flexible conductive traces that can maintain high conductivity even for large bending angles, further enhancing the states of reconfigurability. To demonstrate the idea, a Miura-Ori pattern is used to fabricate spatial filters—frequency-selective surfaces (FSSs) with dipole resonant elements placed along the fold lines. The electrical length of the dipole elements in these structures changes when the Miura-Ori is folded, which facilitates tunable frequency response for the proposed shape-reconfigurable FSS structure. Higher-order spatial filters are realized by creating multilayer Miura-FSS configurations, which further increase the overall bandwidth of the structure. Such multilayer Miura-FSS structures feature the unprecedented capability of on-the-fly reconfigurability to different specifications (multiple bands, broadband/narrowband bandwidth, wide angle of incidence rejection), requiring neither specialized substrates nor highly complex electronics, holding frames, or fabrication processes.

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36

Wang, Yu, and Jin Tian Huang. "Mechanical performance and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of composites based on Ag-plating cellulose micro-nano fibers and epoxy." Journal of Polymer Engineering 37, no. 8 (October 26, 2017): 805–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2016-0132.

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Abstract Mechanical and electromagnetic interference shielding composites containing Ag-plating micro-nano cellulose fibers (ANCFs) were prepared as multifunctional materials. ANCFs, as electromagnetic wave reflection filler containing micro-nano cellulose fibers (NCFs) used as the structural component to reinforce the mechanical strength and Ag enhancing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, were prepared by electroless Ag-plating technology on NCFs surfaces. Ag coating had a thickness of 60 µm without the oxide phase detected. The incorporation of 5 wt % ANCFs into epoxy (EP) substrate yielded impact strength and flexural strength of 1.84 kJ/m2 and 41.6 MPa, which is approximately 2.4 times and 1.41 times higher than EP. The ANCFs-EP composite performed an electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of 34–25 dB at a frequency of 90 kHz in the electromagnetic wave; the EMI shielding effectiveness was improved obviously up to 34 dB, which can meet the requirement of general places.

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Wang, Chunhua, and Hairong Lin. "Multifunction Current Differencing Cascaded Transconductance Amplifier (MCDCTA) and Its Application to Current-Mode Multiphase Sinusoidal Oscillator." Journal of Electrical Engineering 66, no. 5 (September 1, 2015): 241–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jee-2015-0040.

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AbstractIn this study, a new versatile active element, namely multifunction current differencing cascaded transconductance amplifier (MCDCTA), is proposed. This device which adopts a simple configuration enjoys the performances of low-voltage, low-input and high-output impedance, wide bandwidth etc. It simplifies the design of the current-mode analog signal processing circuit greatly, especially the design of high-order filter and oscillator circuits. Moreover, an example as a new current-mode multiphase sinusoidal oscillator (MSO) using MCDCTA is described in this paper. The proposed oscillator, which employs only one MCDCTA and minimum grounded passive elements, is easy to be realized. It can provide random n (n being odd or even) output current signals and these output currents are equally spaced in phase all at high output impedance terminals. Its oscillation condition and the oscillation frequency can be adjusted independently, linearly and electronically by controlling the bias currents of MCDCTA. The operation of the proposed oscillator has been testified through PSPICE simulation and experimental results.

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38

Bedka, Kristopher M., John T. Allen, Heinz Jurgen Punge, Michael Kunz, and Denis Simanovic. "A Long-Term Overshooting Convective Cloud-Top Detection Database over Australia Derived from MTSAT Japanese Advanced Meteorological Imager Observations." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 57, no. 4 (April 2018): 937–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-17-0056.1.

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ABSTRACTA 10-yr geostationary (GEO) overshooting cloud-top (OT) detection database using Multifunction Transport Satellite (MTSAT) Japanese Advanced Meteorological Imager (JAMI) observations has been developed over the Australian region. GEO satellite imagers collect spatially and temporally detailed observations of deep convection, providing insight into the development and evolution of hazardous storms, particularly where surface observations of hazardous storms and deep convection are sparse and ground-based radar or lightning sensor networks are limited. Hazardous storms often produce one or more OTs that indicate the location of strong updrafts where weather hazards are typically concentrated, which can cause substantial impacts on the ground such as hail, damaging winds, tornadoes, and lightning and to aviation such as turbulence and in-flight icing. The 10-yr OT database produced using an automated OT detection algorithm is demonstrated for analysis of storm frequency, diurnally, spatially, and seasonally relative to known features such as the Australian monsoon, expected regions of hazardous storms along the southeastern coastal regions of southern Queensland and New South Wales, and the preferential extratropical cyclone track along the Indian Ocean and southern Australian coast. A filter based on atmospheric instability, deep-layer wind shear, and freezing level was used to identify OTs that could have produced hail. The filtered OT database is used to generate a hail frequency estimate that identifies a region extending from north of Brisbane to Sydney and the Goldfields–Esperance region of eastern Western Australia as the most hail-prone regions.

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Yuksek, Metin. "Electromagnetic wave shielding and mechanical properties of vapor-grown carbon nanofiber/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fibers." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 15 (January 2020): 155892502098595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925020985959.

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The demand for multifunctional requirements in aerospace, military, automobile, sports, and energy applications has encouraged the investigation of new conductive composite fibers. This study focuses on the development of Vapor-grown carbon nanofibers (VGCNFs) filled Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) composite fibers. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) reinforced with (1, 3, 5, and 8 wt.%) carbon nanofibers were produced as a masterbatch. The production of PVDF and PVDF/CNF composite fibers have been done successfully by using melt spinning processing technique. Conductive woven fabrics were produced with composite fibers on handloom machines to measure electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding efficiency. Tensile strength of fibers increased with increase in CNF loading up to 3%. The tensile strength displayed a decrease of 5% and 8% CNF loading. Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMSE) of woven fabrics with composite fibers were tested by using the coaxial transmission line method for planar materials standard that is based on ASTM D 4935-10. The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of woven fabric which is consist of conductive composite fibers were increased with increasing CNFs loading and amount of fabric layers. It can be seen that the woven fabrics displayed between 2–10 dB and 2–4 dB EMSE values in the 15–600 MHz and 600–3000 MHz-frequency range, respectively. Nevertheless, it was observed that conductive filler content, dispersion, and network formation within the composite fibers were highly influent on the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness performance of the structures.

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"Determination of Spectral Characteristics in a Vibration Sensor Microcircuit." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 9, no. 3 (January 10, 2020): 2044–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.c8834.019320.

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This article discusses aspects of the implementation of digital signal processing algorithms in devices with multifunctional diagnostics of bearing assemblies in integrated-circuit form. The possibility of applying the effective implementation of spectral analysis algorithms on a defined basis is considered. The structural flow chart of the filter which performs Goertzel transformation and schemes for implementation of the fast Fourier transform unit is shown. To solve these problems in Matlab environment were developed mathematical models of Goertzel filter of fast Fourier transform unit was simulated operation of these units for specifying of parameters and evaluation of achieved characteristics. After the evaluation of simulation results, 2 types of spectral analysis units were developed: Goertzel transformation units for accurate calculations and fast Fourier transform units for analysis during the whole operating band. The created units of spectral analysis make it possible to efficiently solve the problems of bearing diagnostics, obtain information on the video spectrum of the vibration signal in the full frequency band and at the same time to determine the exact value or vibration levels at the characteristic frequencies.

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Jitender, Jitendra Mohan, and Bhartendu Chaturvedi. "Realization of Generalized Current-Mode Multifunction Filter." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers, April 30, 2021, 2150211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812662150211x.

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In this work, a three-input single-output structure of current-mode second-order multifunction filter is presented. Two multiple-output second-generation current conveyors serve as the active building blocks. Additionally, two grounded resistors and two grounded capacitors are employed as passive components. On appropriate selection of the input values, all second-order filter functionalities, namely, low-pass, high-pass, all-pass, band-pass and band-reject, can be availed. Proposed filter shows good sensitivity performance and supports high frequency operation. Non-ideal analysis is presented to show the intactness of filter characteristics under runtime conditions. Simulation results show good correlation with the theoretical performance of the proposed filter.

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Tangsrirat, Worapong, Tattaya Pukkalanun, and Orapin Channumsin. "Dual-mode multifunction filter realized with a single voltage differencing gain amplifier (VDGA)." Engineering review 41, no. 2 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.30765/er.1441.

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This article presents the dual-mode multifunction biquad filter realized employing only a single voltage differencing gain amplifier (VDGA), one resistor and three capacitors. The proposed filterwith one input and three outputs can configure as voltage-mode or current-mode filter circuit with the appropriate input injection choice. It can also synthesis the three standard filter functions, which are highpass, bandpass, and lowpass responses without modifying the circuit configuration. Orthogonal adjustment between the natural angular frequency (o) and the quality factor (Q) of the filter is achieved. Detail analysis of non-ideal VDGA effects and circuit component sensitivity are included. The circuit principle is verified by means of simulation results with TSMC 0.35-m CMOS process parameters.

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43

Wai, May Phu Pwint, Peerawut Suwanjan, Winai Jaikla, and Amornchai Chaichana. "Electronically and Orthogonally Tunable SITO Voltage-Mode Multifunction Biquad Filter Using LT1228s." Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika, September 8, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j02.eie.28949.

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The commercially available IC LT1228 is an interesting active device due to its advantage features, such as a fast transconductance amplifier, a wide bandwidth over a wide range of voltage gain, low total harmonic distortion (THD), high impedance differential input, etc. The single-input triple-output (SITO) voltage-mode (VM) multifunction biquadratic filters using ICs, LT1228s are introduced in this research. This circuit design provides the three-filtering functions, low-pass (LP), high-pass (HP), and band-pass (BP), without changing the circuit architecture. It comprises three LT1228s, four resistors, and two capacitors connected to the ground. The low impedance voltage output nodes are HP and BP responses. The quality factor (Q) and the pole frequency (ω0) can be electronically and orthogonally tuned by altering the third LT1228’s bias current (IB). The PSPICE simulation and the experiment are verified to describe the circuit operation.

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Mekhum, Witthaya, and Winai Jaikla. "Three Input Single Output Voltage-Mode Multifunction Filter with Independent Control of Pole Frequency and Quality Factor." Advances in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 11, no. 6 (December 31, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.15598/aeee.v11i6.848.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Multifunctional frequency filter'

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