Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Multilinguisme – Pays de langue anglaise'
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Masliah-Romy, Daphné Laure. "L'anglais et les cultures : analyse sociolinguistique des situations plurilingues et multiculturelles au Canada, en Australie et aux États-Unis." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040312.
Full textIn Canada, Australia and the USA, three largely Anglophone countries, we witness the awakening of cultural and minority languages. In a civilization which has reached a maximum level of “communicability” transcending the physical borders, some invisible cultural and linguistic ones are re-designing infinitely more subtle communities. The large majority of all what is written in English as well as what is internationally communicated, however, some lobbies are fearing for its survival. After a description of concepts related to plurilingualism and multiculturalism, the methodological frame of this research will be tackled as well as the different typologies of linguistic policies and their connections with multiculturalism. The second part describes the plurilingual and multicultural policies of these three countries of recent immigrated population, which have English as their official language and have had three different ways of tackling the question of language and culture, two fundamental references in their daily political, economic and social life. The third part is a consequence of the two previous ones and describes the phenomenon of multiculturalism and its contemporary consequence, the “political correctness”. In these three countries, the immigrants have been able to assert a right to maintain to language and culture of their country of origin in their new environment in order to face the dangers represented in their view by assimilation. This is a very new and contemporary phenomenon which gives birth to a new category of minorities which do not assert their legitimacy on historical links with their new territory, but on an “extraterritorial right to the preservation of the cultural identity”, thus affecting the specific rights of indigenous peoples. Furthermore, the economic and political changes have particularly affected these three states and forced them to reconsider their traditional alliances and replace them with new ties with the emerging economic blocks. Sociolinguistics, a newcomer in the human sciences, allowed to cut across the disciplines and describe the phenomenon in its globality
Di, Pardo Léon-Henri Dana. "L'anglais, langue étrangère du citoyen européen ? : de la politique éducative en France et en Europe à l'élaboration d'une évaluation diagnostique des compétences orales et écrites." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040121.
Full textOur study is based on an analysis of the linguistic education policies in the different countries of the European Union (EU-27), followed by an examination of the relationships existing between the French and the English language and finally, the creation of a standardised diagnostic language evalaution tool designed to assist the labour market. In order to properly analyse and compare the education policies of Europe, it was necessary to first adjust the presentation of the statistical data. With regards to France, what kind of value do the French give to the English language in their professional and personal lives? The creation of the linguistic evaluation tool (CIEL) not only allows us to determine the linguistic levels of each individual macro competence, in any of the 23 languages officially recognised by Europe, but also in any given employment sector. The research presented in this study promotes the spirit of plurilingualism, a practical and viable resource for the economic stimulation of European and International Commerce
Massot, Terrat Michèle. "La poésie de langue anglaise des pays du Pacifique." Montpellier 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON30002.
Full textSharkey, Ronan. "Libéralisme, communauté et modernité dans la philosophie politique [anglosaxonne] contemporaine : la contestation identitaire et les limites de l'éthique libérale dans un contexte pluraliste." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040216.
Full textLaffont, Hélène. "Contribution à la caractérisation de l'anglais pour l'ingénieur." Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR21229.
Full textOur research work aims at analysing the English used by anglo-saxon engineers with a view to identify some of its characteristics. It is centred on the written discourse of civil or structural engineering engineers. We first explain what our theoretical approach is, what the differences between the French and Anglo-Saxon engineering communities are and how our corpus was gathered. We then present the British and American engineering communities from their birth to now. Such elements help define the situational context for our corpus content. To organize our corpus, we distinguish two main groups: the discourse that we consider is part of the disciplinary discourse, and the one which is what is now called professional discourse. For both these types of discourse we conduct a semiotic, textual, rhetorical and linguistic study
André, Danièle. "Cinéma de science-fiction et sociétés anglophones contemporaines." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030108.
Full textThis thesis aims to show that science fiction films are not only entertaining but that they are also thought-provoking. The benefit of hindsight enables us to appreciate contemporary english speaking societies through the glimpses shown by the science fiction films of the eighties. When we take a second look at them, we realise that they reflect our questioning about our daily life. They depict a world controlled by economic and political groups, and jeopardised by the military. However, science fiction films also deal with deeper worries such as our ideals, our hopes and our fears. Thus they clearly show the opposition between what we would like to be and what we are, and help us to understand better the roles of religion and science. Moreover, the films studied also reflect our behaviour towards our environment, and what it reveals about ourselves, and towards others. They also mirror the changes which have occurred in personal relationships, but also show that women's role in society has not really evolved. Science fiction films of the eighties tell us, somehow, that what makes human beings different from other living beings is also what makes us face our more painful reality, death, and our inability to accept it. We must not forget that science fiction films are an entertainment enabling us to dream and enjoy ourselves. However, science fiction films also ask us which life we would like to lead; they may evoke a dehumanized future, but they set us free to act and turn these pessimistic prospects into better ones
Gunasekera, Niroshini. "L'épreuve de l'étranger, traductions françaises d'écrivains sri lankais contemporains de langue anglaise." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30083/document.
Full textTranslation is a cultural matter. At first sight, it may appear as a search for equivalents in the transfer from one language to another. However, in depth translation analysis reveals much more than meets the eye. A literary text written in one language cannot be translated into another language without paying attention to its associated cultural background. It has become a truism today to say that individuals belonging to different cultures do not communicate in the same way; while the linguistic dimension is important, so is the cultural one, since cultural habits are at the root of all human actions.The title of this thesis, “The Trials of the Foreign: French Translations of Contemporary Sri Lankan Writers in English”, combines three key words: “culture”, “Sri Lanka” and “translation”. The broad research question we started out with is: how is it possible to convey Sri Lankan culture in French literary translation? The two countries are distant not only geographically but also in terms of practices and values. Therefore, a true encounter between East and West is at stake here, mediated by the English language, which the authors of the two Sri Lankan novels we study here chose as a medium of expression.In his or her attempt to identify viable equivalents of different cultural realities, the translator is confronted with decisions about whether differences should be mitigated or, on the contrary, preserved, in order to maintain the local colour. When cultural differences are smoothed over in translation and the target text contains very few traces, if any, of the source culture, the reader may have the impression of reading an original. On the other hand, when the source culture is given prominence, the translation has the potential to make the reader travel abroad, and gain new experience.The two literary works which make the object of our research, Michael Ondaatje’s Running in the Family (1982) and Shyam Selvadurai’s Funny Boy (1994), are imbued with Sri Lankan culture and pose significant challenges to translation. We draw on Lawrence Venuti’s (1995/2004) distinction between ethnocentric or domesticating translation (naturalisation) and foreignizing translation (dépaysement), while at the same time recognizing the importance of not taking this dichotomy for granted. And we assume, as Antoine Berman did, that translation is “openness, dialogue, blending and decentring” (1984: 16).We start by outlining a number of theoretical considerations about translation strategy, culture, and translating culture. We then carry out fine-grained analyses of the texts and endeavour to show how foreignization operates in Drôle de garçon (1998), the French translation by Frédéric Limare and Susan Fox-Limare of Selvadurai’s novel Funny Boy, and in Un air de famille (1991), the translation of Ondaatje’s Running in the Family by Marie-Odile Fortier-Masek. In the second part of our analysis, we focus on the strategy of domestication, which makes reading more fluent due to the mitigation of differences between cultures. Finally, we discuss some of the ways in which certain cultural facts remain untranslated, with implications for the integrity of the message, and the target readers’ experience of the text. We conclude that translation is indeed an encounter between cultures: a meeting that is fruitful and has the potential to enrich the literature of a new country, by allowing the reader to embark on a journey to a distant destination.Key words: culture, domestication, foreignization, Funny Boy, Michael Ondaatje, Running in the Family, Shyam Selvadurai, Sri Lanka, translation
Belan, Sophie. "Les identités galloises dans le roman et le théâtre gallois en langue anglaise dans la seconde moitié du vingtième siècle." Rennes 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN20001.
Full textThe growing anglicization of the Welsh since the end of the 18th century led to the emergence at the beginning of the 20th century of a Welsh literature in the English-language. This study shows that Welsh writing in English has contributed to the definition and assertion of Welsh identities in the second half of the twentieth century. The existence of an "Anglo-Welsh" literature different from other literatures in the English-language has long been debated. However, the novels and plays studied share common characteristics which give them a specific dimension. It is expressed through a strong sense of place, a deep interest in the life and culture of Welsh communities and a particular concern for the issues of individual and collective identity. By their writing, the authors manage to reconcile the two cultures of Wales and to provide the readers with new representations of the changing faces of Welsh identities
Jean, Patrick. "Perspectives françaises et francophones dans l'Europe de demain." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040271.
Full textRampon-Montuclard, Elisabeth. "Le féminisme anglo-saxon : entre réforme, révolution et libération." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030029.
Full textAnglo-Saxon feminism is marked by an intense intellectual effort, between 1963-1975. Feminist theorists tackle new analytical fields and open new theoretical areas. As the “woman’s question” is being actualized, feminism seems to divide into three main groups of thinking. During the very same period, anti-establishment movements shake the cultural, social, economic and political foundations of American and British societies. The many analyses that deal with the subject “woman”, as well as the no less numerous theoretical extensions, enhance the ideological divisions that oppose egalitarian feminism, radical feminism and another feminist expression : the theory of “androgyny”. Highlighting the analytical paradigms produced by Betty Friedan, Ann Oakley, Shulamith Firestone, Ti-Grace Atkinson and Germaine Greer, and highlighting their subsequent reformist, revolutionary or liberating concepts, helps to show the evolution of feminist thinking towards a new interpretation and a new understanding of the problem called “woman”. It also demonstrates the interdependence of feminism and society. The former takes possession of universal ideological frameworks, intellectual debates, the evolution of mentalities, technological progress, or social, cultural, eonomic and political troubles, and give them a feminist tune. In so doing, feminism acts upon society and reshapes it
Sanei-Kashani, Nasrin. "Autour des relations conjonctives interphrastiques dans les productions écrites en français langue seconde d’apprenants universitaires : essai d’analyse textuelle." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAC024.
Full textThe analysis of conjunction in written compositions of learners has never been very successful in linguistic research, particularly in the context of French as (mother tongue, second or foreign language). This relative lack of interest of scholarly literature regarding conjunction in written compositions, related to the learning process of languages is probably one of the reasons we chose the present study, especially because we can highlight throughout this topic the fact that analyzing the way allophone students write in French as second language, most of them are English speakers (a comparison made between two levels of linguistic competence, I.E. level 2 and level 4) may offer the opportunity to look more closely into the conjunctive means ( in terms of number, variety and use). Such an approach appeared very interesting to us, thanks to the numerous insights it generally provides into the conjunction problem and its other morpho-syntaxic and semantic substitutes. It is true that such a work, even so designed, could not be conducted without a first detour into the most well known works in French. As for the analysis grid we endeavoured to construct, it consists of four parts, each part is supposed to conduct a case-by-case analysis. But it is likely to achieve in general varied satisfactory results. These results, some of which seem to corroborate other works’ results focusing on the conjunction analysis in texts written in languages other than French, should also allow us, we believe,to be able to discern significant differences between the levels of observation regarding the number of conjunctive elements, both in their variety and in their various uses
Dizengremel, Aurélie. "L'anthropologie de e. T. E. Hoffmann et son empreinte dans la litterature europeenne au xixe siecle une recherche centree principalement sur la france,la russie et les pays de langue anglaise au xixe siecle, avec une ouverture sur le xixe siecle." Paris 12, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA120030.
Full textThouvenot-Perrin, Christelle. "La relation ONG/bailleurs institutionnels : une contribution à la gouvernance associative." Paris 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA020085.
Full textDubois-Aumercier, Marie. "Etudes des constructions participiales en -ing de l'anglais contemporain." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040083.
Full textThis research deals with –ing participle clauses in contemporary English. It is based on a corpus totalling over 1,700 participle clauses collected from novels and newspaper articles, and it also relies on data from electronic corpora – the British National Corpus and the Corpus of Contemporary American English. The main characteristic of –ing participle clauses is that they lack an explicit syntactic and semantic link to their superordinate clause: to shed light on the linguistic phenomena accounting for this specificity, the research establishes a detailed typology of –ing clauses, studies their relationship to their subjects, investigates the specific nature of their incidence and predication, and provides a detailed analysis of their semantic indeterminacy. It shows that their basic semantic value is one of attendant circumstance – a mere link between two events or states that form a unit in the speaker’s mind. The characteristics of the co- and context may alter this basic value to give the clause its final (adjectival or adverbial) meaning. The research puts forward hypotheses to account for the syntactic and semantic characteristics of –ing participle clauses within the framework of Gustave Guillaume’s psychosystematic theory: it shows the syntactic and semantic behaviour of –ing clauses can be directly traced back to the meaning of the –ing participle, which, it is hypothesised, has an internal incidence and expresses simultaneity and imperfectivity in all of its uses
Mauduit, Benjamin. "Election, héritage, apprentissage : la transmission chez les pirates dans la culture populaire anglophone." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR2023/document.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to analyze the representations of pirate in English-speaking popular culture, representations whose foremost source of inspiration for such works is a historical context, and they tend to show pirates as rebels with claims to forms of democracy facing absolutist powers, turning election into a major principle that echoes different visions of political involvement in 20th- and 21st-century America. Along this tendency, the notion of an irresistible attraction towards piracy, due to blood ties, is developed into a form of legacy often leading to diverse forms of hybridization endlessly questioning the contents thus transmitted. Finally, whether election or legacy be dealt with, what is transmitted must be learnt, and the modalities of such learning vary even though they are embedded in a pattern recognizable throughout the cultural artifacts under examination
Inchauspé, Dominique. "Innocence et vérité dans le procès pénal français et anglo-saxon." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0050.
Full textThis study shows that the criminal process finally acquires more consistency than the crime itself. The “criminal adventure”, namely the tragical story of the crime itself, turns into “the judicial adventure”, namely the path of justice towards the final decision (conviction or dismissal). Whether it deals with the French or with the Anglo-Saxon models, the legal rules are so complicated that they create a judicial logic which is specific and clipped from the facts of the case. In comparison, the motives and the circumstances of a crime are always simple. Accordingly, the judicial issue appears to be more (and often too much) elaborated than the crime itself.The study also shows the unchanging character of the criminal justice. Whether it is in France or in the Anglo-Saxon countries, the fundamentals of the two justices which are concurrent – inquisitorial model and adversary one- are the same that in the Middle Age. Of course, some reforms happened. The importance of the rule of the contradictory increases, etc. However, the main concern of the French justice still deals with a pretrial investigation which is very thoroughly conducted by a state agency. The Anglo-Saxon model always lies in the confrontation of two thesis with a practical advantage given to the prosecution. These different approaches by the two justices are attributable to a different social philosophy. The status of the suspected person greatly differs whether he is prosecuted in France or in the Anglo-Saxon countries: in France, this status is a matter of the search for the truth; in the Anglo-Saxon countries, this status is in practice that of an almost guilty one, even if his guilt must be proved beyond a reasonable doubt.This social and/or ethic philosophy recuts another one: the political philosophy. In France, the individual is assisted since the State is deemed to be “stronger” than him; in the Anglo-Saxon countries, the individual is a free man; accordingly, he is solely responsible for his acts. Therefore, in France, the State wants to fix up its own opinion about the crime; in the Anglo-Saxon countries, the confrontation of the prosecution and the lawyer outdoes all the rest, in particular the truth. Moreover, in these countries, according to the freedom and the independence of the individual, an undue importance is given to confessions.However, the Anglo-Saxon political philosophy is an extraordinary lever for the history and the liberty and also for the economic expansion. Without it, the continental countries would not have been able to be freed from the conquerors of the two world wars and the cold war. Without it, the US would not be a forefront of the progress.We do not consider that the Anglo-Saxon world made few positive contributions to the criminal proceedings. Indeed, this is the famous English Habeas Corpus Act of 1679 which created the idea of a reasonable time to be tried in court and, if not, to be released from prison. From the English comes the idea of an explicit list of rights of the defence, in particular in some articles in the Magna Carta of 1212 and then officially included in the Bill of Rights of 1689. From the Americans comes the idea of making the rights of defence sacred through the amendments of the constitution. We remember that this idea arrived late in Europe with the ECHR.Therefore, the study shows that the Anglo-Saxons countries which benefit from a reputation of pragmatism have rather acted as theoreticians of criminal law. They have provided the world of criminal justice mainly with contributions close to symbols. They have underestimated the consequences of these symbols in the practice of the criminal proceedings. The study shows also that the French, who are often known for their dogmatic approach of problems, have a better understanding of the criminal proceedings.The study shows especially that the Anglo-Saxon world of criminal justice and the French one totally ignore each other