Academic literature on the topic 'Multimodal Transport Service'

Multimodal transport can bring the technical and economic advantages in different transportation modes into full play. While ensuring the level of service, it can reduce energy consumption and transport costs. Governments of most countries are actively promoting it. Therefore, it has become a research hot spot. Being a green, fast, and all-day transport mode, railways play an important role in multimodal transport. This article aims to analyze a multimodal transport service quality indicator system involving railways from the perspectives of customers, multimodal service providers, and governments. Qualitative and quantitative research methods were adopted to analyze the secondhand data of academic papers, government policy, and industry reports to clarify the quality characteristics of multimodal transport services. Using grounded theory and to analyze firsthand data from in-depth interviews with multimodal transport practitioners, 25 evaluation indicators of container multimodal transport service quality were chosen to be the evaluation index system. To test and improve the evaluation scale, 270 valid questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 21.0 software, including reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. The results show that all the indicators meet the standard requirements and have good reliability and validity.

Multimodal transport terminals are the elements of transport systems that ensure the interaction of enterprises of various modes of transport. The effective functioning of transport terminals significantly affects the efficiency of the material flow servicing in a supply chain and the sustainability of the whole transport system. The paper proposes an approach to determine the optimal parameters of production resources in multimodal transport terminals, based on numerical computer simulations of technological operations in a transport terminal for the given parameters of incoming and outgoing material flows. The practical use of the proposed approach is shown on the example of the Amur Harbor cargo area of the Dnipro River Port.

With the rapid development of economy, the volume of transportation in China is increasing, the opening process of the market is accelerating, the scale of enterprises is expanding, the service quality is being improved, and the container multimodal transport is developing continuously.The hardware infrastructure of container multimodal transport is improved obviously, but the network platform construction of multimodal transport is still insufficient.Taking Shandong region of China as an example, the present situation of container multimodal transport in Shandong area can no longer meet the requirement of rapid development of container, and the construction of network platform needs to be solved urgently. Therefore, this paper will briefly describe the conception of construction of multimodal transport network platform in Shandong area.In order to achieve the rapid development of multimodal transport.

A single mode of transportation can not satisfy the agile manufacturing, rapid response from the customer demand, logistics supply chain management, and many other aspects with the rapid development of economy. Multimodal combined transport provide the corresponding solutions. Multimodal combined transport helps to save transportation costs or to save transportation time. And multimodal combined transport has a great significance to improve the transportation service level ,to strengthen competition ability, to improve social comprehensive benefit. This article give an example from Liuzhou to Guangzhou. This article make a detailed scheme of Multimodal combined transport. In this paper, integrated transport path optimization model of multimodal combined transport of is set up with linear programming method. And integrated transport path optimization model is solved.Key words:Multimodal combined transport,Path optimization, Linear programming method

This paper presents an alternative approach for time-dependent multimodal transport problem. We describe a new graph structure to abstract multimodal networks, calledtransfer graph, which adapts to the distributed nature of real information sources of transportation networks. A decomposition of the Shortest Path Problem intransfer graphis proposed to optimize the computation time. This approach was computationally tested in several experimental multimodal networks having different size and complexity. The approach was integrated in the multimodal transport service of the European Carlink platform, where it has been validated in real scenarios. Comparision with other related works is provided.

Globalization is a significant factor for optimization of the existing transport chains. It is a major power for sustainable development of containerized transport, the relevant transport infrastructure and terminal equipment. The development of seaports and inland waterway connections became important part in global supply chain. The transportation models which are using multimodal transport service consist from maritime, port and hinterland parts. Choosing the appropriate strategy allows the shipping companies to reduce the transport cost and helps them to be more competitive on the cargo market. This article aims to identify the challenges and prospects for development of multimodal transport operations with containerized cargoes using of system approach to the each subsystems of the multimodal transport chain. To achieve the scope of the paper, research has been done on the global effects that big shipping companies contribute to the final transport cost; to the organization in container terminals and further influence on the local terminal operators; to the improvement of port infrastructure, including the number of offered services and implementation of innovations for increasing terminal efficiency. As a result, the main parameters for evaluation of the importance of one container terminal in the supply chain are defined.

Modern transport logistics offers a lot of solutions allowing to deliver goods in an appropriate way. Multimodal transportation is quite institutionally complex. Features and main problems of mixed modes of transport in international traffic are discussed in this article. The description of the multimodal Russia-China transportation service of JSC «Russian Railways logistics» is also given.

This paper investigates a distance-based preferential fare scheme for park-and-ride (P&R) services in a multimodal transport network. P&R is a sustainable commuting approach in large urban areas where the service coverage rate of conventional public transport modes (e.g., train and bus) is poor/low. However, P&R services in many cities are less attractive compared to auto and other public transport modes, especially for P&R facilities sited far away from the city center. To address this issue, this paper proposes a distance-based preferential fare scheme for P&R services in which travelers who choose the P&R mode get a discount. The longer the distance they travel by train, the better the concessional price they get. A multimodal transport network equilibrium model with P&R services is developed to evaluate the impacts of the proposed distance-based fare scheme. The travelers’ mode choice behavior is modeled by the multinomial logit (MNL) discrete choice model, and their route choice behavior is depicted by the user equilibrium condition. A mathematical programming model is then built and subsequently solved by the outer approximation method. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed distance-based preferential fare scheme can effectively motivate travelers to use a P&R service and significantly enhance the transport network’s performance.

The twin paradigm of e-commerce and just-in-time has impelled the global markets for door-to-door service. Shippers do not particularly seek special modes of transport but rather demand performance of transport such as door-to-door service from the multimodal transport service (MTS) operators. Door-to-door service has also led to shift in common terms of trade such as free on board (FOB) and cost insurance freight (CIF) to delivery at place (DAP) or delivery duty paid (DDP) International Commercial Terms (incoterms). In such a case, the sellers are required to plan end-to-end rather than concentrate on port-to-port leg of the delivery process. Multimodal transportation (MMT) includes multiple modes of transport, multiple nodes (terminals) and numerous stakeholders. So far, researchers have focused on the attributes of MTS providers that affect expectations of customers. The present study looks into factors affecting performance of MTS. The approach cuts across the spectrum of qualitative to quantitative assessment. The authors, here, propose opinion mining to decipher the sentiments of clients of logistics service providers followed by open discussion (in a semi-structured format) to collate the soft and hard aspects of MMT chain. The findings of these exercises are used to frame a structured questionnaire for quantitative analysis. Four dimensions affecting quality of MMT have been identified, and one of them is found to be significant only under certain conditions. This article suggests implementation of an integrated digital ecosystem to enhance the quality of MMT in emerging markets like India.

As trade and transport networks were taking shape through a series of development, modern transport practices such as multimodal transport service and logistics service value has significantly affected current transport systems. Inevitably, collaborative relationships between shippers and operators have received considerable attention in determining the effectiveness of Multimodal Transport. The term of'relationship' in the context of transport has always been a critical pillar in strategic business environment. However, in the Asian context, especially in China or other Asian countries like Thailand, the term 'relationship' is an ambiguous business concept, which exceeds more than just elements of long-term business relationship or short- term transactions found in the Western literature. The term 'Guartxi briefly translated as personal connections/relationships, is deeply embedded in the mindset of most Asian people and in every aspect of their personal and organisational interactions. The primary objective of this thesis is to investigate the impact of Multimodal Transport Service Value and Relationships on shippers' Business Performance, evidence from Thai shippers' perspective. In this study, an evaluation of the causal relationships among Multimodal Transport Service (MTS), Logistics Service Value (LSV), Relationship Quality (RQ) and Guanxi (GX) on shippers' Business Performance (BP) is examined. A research model is developed to validate these measurement models and to rigorously test the relationships in the form of structural model. This study uses Structure Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyse data collected from Thai shippers listed in the Thai National Shippers' Council (TNSC). The result of the structural model has shown that both MTS and LSV has significant impact on BP through RQ, and GX has shown support on all of its related hypothesised paths. In summary, this thesis empirically develops a structural model to prove the significance of MTS, LSV, RQ and GX on Business Performance in a Multimodal Transport environment.

Abstract Purpose: is to identify the challenges of multimodal transport service of ESLSE in the Europe trade routes operation from origin up to destination and to analyze the contribution of network partners to ESLSE solving these challenges.   Design\Data collection\Approach: This thesis relied on qualitative research design in order to identify the key challenges of multimodal transport services and to show how the network partners contribute to solving these challenges. Moreover, to achieve the objective of the study, semi structure interviews were used, and the responses from 14 experts were analyzed.   Theoretical framework: The theoretical base and concepts are used to determine the theoretical boundaries of the research. It provides an overview of the literature that exists in the challenges of multimodal transport services. The theoretical framework firstly encompassed the logistics performance and personnel, followed by the description of multimodal transport services, customs facilitation, ICT, infrastructure, network partner integration and port administration. Lastly, theoretical synthesis is developed that are identified from the theory to demonstrate the interrelationship between individual concepts.   Findings: The findings of this study revealed that multimodal transport service was impacted by a number of challenges even if the network partners contributed some solutions. The results of the study showed that the lack of skilled logistics personnel; poor ICT system; lack of integration between network partners; lack of effective infrastructure; inadequate and ineffective capacity of trucks; material theft; corruption; security risk; lack of prompt response in the operation between network partners; monopoly of the operation by ESLSE; and lack of quality of transported cargo are the main challenges for multimodal transport services. Managerial implication: For managers of network partners, it is recommended that they should be aware that the challenge of multimodal transport service is the result of poor ICT systems; lack of integration between network partners; lack of effective infrastructure; lack of skilled logistic personnel; inadequate and ineffective capacity of trucks; material theft; corruption; security risk; lack of quality of transported cargo; and lack of prompt response in the operation between the network partners Hence, they should take action to solve the problems by integrating with shipping agents and steering committees such as customers office, transport minister, and maritime authority. Moreover, the shipping agents managers can use the results of the study to enhance their contribution in order to solve the challenges of multimodal transport services by communicating with the ESLSE.   Limitations: The small sample size without adequately diverse geographical spread and sample of shipping agents and dry ports since the study is only limited to Europe trade routes and it did not take in to consideration other continents like Africa and Asia which could have given additional information on the topic. The sample of shipping agent and dry ports was limited with 3 out of 11 and 3 out of 7 respectively.   Originality\Value: This thesis is one of the first to analyze the challenges of multimodal transport in the case of Ethiopia to Europe trade operation by interviewing both the ESLSE and shipping agents.

L’objectif de notre travail est la réalisation d’un système interactif d’aide aux déplacements, en mode normal, et en mode dégradé de fonctionnement du réseau de transport en commun. Ce système vise par ailleurs à minimiser le temps d’attente des voyageurs, en mode dégradé, dans les pôles d’échanges et à leur assurer, dans la mesure du possible, la continuité des déplacements dans les réseaux multimodaux. Il s’agit donc d’améliorer la qualité du service rendu aux voyageurs et les maintenir informés. Une grande partie du travail de cette thèse concerne la conception, le développement et la validation des approches qui permettent de donner des solutions optimales ou quasi optimales, pour un réseau de transport normal et perturbé. Ces approches utilisent une méthode multicritère de recherche d’itinéraire qui s’appuie sur une hybridation entre un algorithme de Dijkstra modifié et un algorithme génétique, pour générer une population de chemins minimums. L’algorithme de Dijkstra modifié nous donne un ensemble de solutions servant de population initiale pour l’algorithme génétique. La modélisation du réseau de transport est représentée par une architecture multi-zones. Cette architecture nous montre l’aspect distribué du système, les interactions et les relations qui peuvent avoir lieu entre les différentes zones. Nous présentons dans ce travail un Système Multi-Agent d’Aide au Déplacement, SMAAD. Les agents de ce système utilisent le module d’optimisation développé dans la première partie. Notre travail est réalisé dans le cadre du projet « VIATIC-MOBILITE », qui est le projet 6 du pôle de compétitivité I-Trans
The objective of this work is the realization of a system allowing to assist the travellers, and to facilitate their movement in normal and degraded functioning of the transport network. This system aims to minimize the waiting time of the travellers, in degraded mode, at exchanges stations and to assure them, as well as possible, the continuity of their journey in the multimodal transport networks. So it improves the quality of the service returned to the travellers in order to inform them. A first part of the work in this thesis concerns conception, development and validation of our approach which allows giving optimal or almost optimal solutions for a normal and disrupted transport system. This approach uses a multi-objective method of search for optimal route which leans on a hybridization between a modified Dijkstra algorithm and a genetic algorithm. The modified Dijkstra algorithm gives us a set of solutions serving as initial population for the genetic algorithm. The modelling of the transport system is represented by multi-zones architecture. This architecture shows us the distributed aspect of the system, and the interactions and the relations which can take place among various zones. We present in this work a Multi-agent system of Help to the Movement. These agents use the module of optimization developed in the first part. Our work is realized within the framework of the "VIATIC-MOBILITE" project, which is the project 6 of the I-Trans Competitiveness cluster

The existing link between PT travelers’ satisfaction, ridership and loyalty prove the relevance of improving overall trip satisfaction. The thesis present an array of approaches and methodologies aiming at increasing overall satisfaction with PT door-to-door trips while covering important issues that previous research has failed to address. These knowledge gaps include: disregarding the different needs and priorities of different type of travelers; overlooking the evolution over time and across geographical areas that overall satisfaction and satisfaction with specific service attributes may experience; and, neglecting the importance of access and egress legs. Based on the Swedish customer satisfaction barometer (2001-2013), an investigation of the determinants of PT satisfaction and their evolution over time (I) shows that: a) the deterioration of overall satisfaction with PT in Sweden in recent years is driven by a decrease in satisfaction with customer interface and length of trip time; b) these two service aspects as well as operation are found as key determinants of overall satisfaction which users consistently rate among the least satisfactory. The diversity of needs and priorities of SKT travelers was reduced into 5 distinctive multi-modal travelers’ groups (II). These travelers’ groups exhibited geographical disparities and an in between-groups overall similarity in the importance attached to the service attributes. Nevertheless, some noticeable differences could be observed. The service attributes’ importance levels reveal overall changes in appreciations and consumption goals over time. A number of both normative and heuristic satisfaction aggregation rules are tested on METPEX dataset for different types of trip configurations (III). The results show that normative rules can better reproduce overall travel satisfaction than heuristic rules, indicating that all trip legs need to be considered when evaluating the overall travel experience.
Kontinuerlig urban tillväxt, miljöproblem, konkurrens om begränsat utrymme, längre pendlingsavstånd samt behovet av att främja rättvisa och jämlikhet i samhället är de främsta anledningarna till förbättringar av kollektivtrafikens (KT) tjänster och attraktionskraft för att få fler resenärer att byta från bil till KT och därmed en viktig politisk fråga i många länder över hela världen. Den befintliga kopplingen mellan KT-resenärens tillfredsställelse, antalet passagerare och lojalitet visar betydelsen av att förbättra resans övergripande tillfredsställelse. De tre artiklar som ingår i denna licentiatavhandling presenterar en rad tillvägagångssätt och metoder som syftar till att öka den totala tillfredsställelsen med KT i ”från dörr till dörr”-resor samt täcker viktiga frågor som tidigare forskning har misslyckats med att ta itu med. Dessa kunskapsluckor inkluderar de olika behov och prioriteringar som olika typer av resenärer har, utveckling över tid och över geografiska områden som total tillfredsställelse och tillfredsställelse med specifika serviceattribut kan påverkas av samt försummelsen av resans av- och påstigningsdelar. Baserat på den svenska kundtillfredsställelsebarometern Svensk Kollektivtrafikbarometer (SKT) visar en undersökning av bestämningsfaktorerna för KT- tillfredsställelse och deras utveckling över tiden för KT-användare under åren 2001-2013 att (Artikel I): a) det skett en försämring av den sammanlagda tillfredsställelsen med KT i Sverige under de senaste åren som drivits av en minskning av tillfredsställelsen med kundgränssnittet och resans tid; b) att dessa två serviceaspekter samt drift är helt avgörande för övergripande tillfredsställelse och som resenärer konsekvent graderar bland de minst tillfredsställande. Mångfalden av behov och prioriteringar för SKT-resenärer reducerades till 5 distinkta multimodala resenärsgrupper (Artikel II). Dessa resenärsgrupper uppvisade geografiska skillnader och en i mellan-grupper övergripande likhet i vikt som fästs vid serviceattribut. Likväl kan några märkbara skillnader observeras. Serviceattributens betydelse avslöjar övergripande förändringar i uppskattnings- och konsumtionsmål över tid. De mer frekventa KT-användarsegmenten är mer nöjda över hela spektret och kännetecknas av en mer balanserad fördelning av attributens betydelse, medan en av grupperna – bilpendlare på landsbygden - är markant missnöjda med service- och driftattribut. Ett antal både normativa och heuristiska regler för aggregerad tillfredsställelse testas på METPEX-data (A Measurement Tool to determine the quality of the Passenger EXperience) för olika typer av resekonfigurationer (Artikel III). Detta görs för att förstå hur resenärer kombinerar delresors tillfredsställelse i en övergripande utvärdering av hela resan och för att undersöka den relativa betydelsen av tillfredsställelse med påstignings-, huvud- och avstigningsdel för hela reseupplevelsen i ”från dörr till dörr”-resor. Resultaten visar att normativa regler bättre kan återge övergripande resetillfredsställelse än heuristiska regler, vilket tyder på att alla resans delar måste beaktas när man utvärderar den samlade reseupplevelsen. I synnerhet ger viktning av tillfredsställelse med individuella delresor och de upplevda delresornas restider den bästa predikatorn för övergripande resetillfredsställelse, särskilt vid tillämpning av en väntetidsvikt på 3 eller 4 gånger i fordons- eller gångtid. Denna uppsättning artiklar skulle kunna hjälpa myndigheter att bättre utvärdera och tillgodose resenärernas behov genom att stödja tilldelning av resurser och prioriterandet av åtgärder i den mest effektfulla delen i en ”från dörr till dörr”-resa.
El rápido crecimiento urbano, problemas medioambientales, la competencia por el uso de espacios cada vez más limitados, el aumento de la distancia en los viajes pendulares así como la necesidad de fomentar una sociedad más equitativa e igualitaria, son algunas de las principales razones que hacen de la mejora de los servicios de transporte público (TP) y del trasvase de usuarios del transporte privado motorizado al TP una política clave en muchos países del mundo. La relación existente entre la mejora de la satisfacción del usuario de TP con el incremento de usuarios y de su fidelidad, prueban la importancia de mejorar la satisfacción global del usuario con el viaje. Los tres artículos incluidos en esta tesis de mitad de doctorado, en Suecia Licentiate thesis, presentan un variedad de enfoques y métodos que tienen como objetivo incrementar la satisfacción global con los viajes de puerta a puerta (desde el origen hasta el destino final) en los que el transporte público está involucrado, a la par de cubrir cuestiones importantes que no han abordado estudios previos. Estas lagunas de conocimientos incluyen: ignorar las distintas prioridades y necesidades de distintos tipos de viajeros; pasar por alto que tanto la satisfacción global con el viaje como la satisfacción con los atributos específicos del servicio pueden experimentar cambios a lo largo del tiempo y entre diversas zonas geográficas; y, el obviar la importancia que otras etapas del viaje (acceso y egreso), diferentes a la principal, pueden ejercer sobre la valoración global del viaje. Basado en el barómetro sueco de satisfacción del usuario de transporte público (SKT), se estudian los determinantes de la satisfacción con el TP y su evolución temporal, para usuarios de TP y para el período 2001-2013 (Artículo I). El artículo muestra que: a) el deterioro de la satisfacción global con el TP sueco experimentado en los últimos años se debe a la disminución de la satisfacción con el modo en el que la agencia de TP gestiona las quejas y el trato con los usuarios (customer interface), y de la duración del viaje (length of trip time); b) frequencia y la fiabilidad del servicio (operation) se suman a los dos ya mencionados atributos del servicio como factores determinantes de la satisfacción global con el TP. Son precisamente estos tres atributos los que consistentemente reciben unas valoraciones situadas entre las menos satisfactorias.  Basándose en las características de tipo socio-económico, en las del viaje y en coeficientes de accesibilidad, se obtienen cinco grupos de viajeros multimodales relativamente homogéneos, los cuales ayudan a simplificar la complejidad existente, en términos de necesidades y prioridades, de todos los viajeros suecos - SKT (Artículo II). Los cinco grupos de viajeros exhiben disparidades geográficas y, en general, una semejanza entre grupos en la importancia atribuida a los atributos del servicio. Sin embargo, existen algunas diferencias notorias. A lo largo del tiempo, los niveles de importancia de los atributos del servicio revelan cambios generales en las apreciaciones y objetivos de consumo. Los grupos de viajeros que viajan más frecuentemente con transporte público están, de forma generalizada, más satisfechos con el viaje y muestran una distribución más equilibrada de la importancia dada a los atributos del servicio. Se hace destacable la marcada insatisfacción que uno de los grupos – los automovilistas rurales pendulares (rural motorist commuters)- muestran con los atributos relacionados con la operación (fiabilidad y frequencia). Una serie de reglas de agregación de la satisfacción del viajero, tanto normativas como heurísticas, son examinadas en el conjunto de datos de METPEX (Una herramienta de medición para determinar la calidad de la experiencia del viajero) para distintos tipos de configuraciones de viaje (Artículo III). El objetivo de este artículo es; entender como los viajeros combinan la satisfacción con cada una de las etapas del viaje en su valoración global del viaje, e investigar la importancia relativa que cada una de las tres etapas del viaje (acceso, principal y egreso) tienen sobre la experiencia de un viaje completo de puerta a puerta. Los resultados muestran que, en comparación con las reglas heurísticas, las reglas normativas pueden reproducir de una mejor manera la satisfacción global con el viaje; indicando que todas las etapas del viaje necesitan ser consideradas cuando se evalúa la experiencia global del viaje. En particular la ponderación de la satisfacción con cada una de los segmentos del viaje[1] con la duración percibida para cada una de los segmentos del viaje produce el mejor indicador de la satisfacción global del viaje, especialmente cuando se aplica una penalización por cada minuto de espera equivalente a 3 o 4 veces el tiempo en movimiento y/o caminando. Éste conjunto de artículos pretende ayudar a las operadores y autoridades pertinentes a evaluar y proveer de la mejor manera posible las necesidades de los viajeros mediante la priorización de medidas y asignación de recursos a la parte más relevante del viaje multimodal puerta a puerta.  [1] Un segmento del viaje (trip leg) es la parte más pequeña en la que se descompone un viaje de puerta a puerta. Una etapa del viaje puede estar compuesta de uno o más segmentos del viaje.

QC 20170202

Nous avons proposé dans cette thèses une nouvelle approche pour le développement d'une architecture distribuée à base de Système Multi-Agents (SMA) couplée à des Services Web Sémantiques (SWS) et ce afin d'aider à le prise de décision collaborative dans le contexte de l'entreprise étendue. Afin de valider notre approche, la châine de transport multimodal des marchandises a été prise comme cas d'application. Le réusltat des travaux de recherches réalisés se présente sous la forme d'une plateforme intelligente baptisée i-SEEC pour Intelligent System for Extended Enterprise Cooperation
We have proposed in this thesis a new approach for the development of a distributed based Multi-Agent System (MAS) coupled with Semantic Web Services (SWS) architecture in order to assist in the collaborative decision-making in the context of extended enterprise. To validate our appoach, the multimodal transport chain of goods was taken as a case application. The result of the research work is done in the form of called i-SEET for Intelligent System for Extended Enterprise intelligent platform

La logistique est une dimension croissante et déterminante du management et de la compétitivité des entreprises qui entraîne avec elle une part importante de la performance de l’économie et de l’emploi en Europe. Sans le développement de la logistique, toutes les innovations des deux derniers siècles n’auraient pas été possibles. Nous sommes certes arrivés à un niveau de performance extrême, avec notamment des livraisons en moins de 2 heures, mais cela a un coût : 25 % des trajets des transporteurs se font à vide et le taux moyen de remplissage des poids lourds ne dépasse pas les 65% dans les pays développés. Le transport de marchandises est actuellement piégé par un système peu utilisé et peu respectueux de l'environnement. Ce dilemme peut être résumé par : comment continuer à satisfaire les exigences toujours plus pointues tout en maîtrisant les coûts et en respectant des normes environnementales et sociales plus exigeantes ? Au-delà d’une transition énergétique nécessaire mais insuffisante, des solutions émergent, notamment la mutualisation et l’interconnexion des transports de marchandises à grande échelle. La mutualisation en transport et logistique est un accord de partenariat qui consiste à la mise en commun volontariste de moyens physiques, d’informations et de compétences dans le but d’obtenir à long terme des gains économiques, écologiques et financiers. Le cadre de cette coopération peut revêtir des formes juridiques et organisationnelles variables en fonction de la nature des parties, des moyens et des produits ou services (Chai et al., 2013). Depuis quelques années, les grands distributeurs ont compris rapidement l’intérêt de partager des capacités de transport ou de stockage en recourant notamment à des prestataires de services logistiques communs. Ce partage est une source d’avantageconcurrentiel dans la mesure où il permet à la grande distribution, alimentaire ou spécialisée, de bénéficier d’économies d’échelle, et d’optimiser l’usage de ressources logistiques rares. Les démarches de mutualisation connaissent toutefois aujourd’hui une réelle accélération. Des solutions de mutualisation logistique et de transport multimodal voient le jour dans plusieurs régions où les industriels travaillent ensemble en collaboration avec les clients et les transporteurs. Sur cette base, l’objectif de cette thèse est de proposer des mécanismes de collaboration, sur la base de la théorie des « Mechanism Design », permettant la gestion des relations entre les différents acteurs d’un réseau de transport collaboratif, d’évaluer leur potentiel économique et écologique et d’étudier leur applicabilité dans un réseau de transport collaboratif
The importance of freight transport is amplified today by the rapid boom in E-commerce, and in particular new online-to-offline business strategies. To boost competitiveness, e-tailers and logistics service providers have devoted adequate efforts to managing express fulfillment services, e.g., same-day delivery (one or two-hour delivery), and various distribution and delivery channels. This has resulted in massive, high-frequency shipments with short lead times and fluctuating volumes. Moreover, freight transport organizations have undergone rapid changes. New markets and new technologies have emerged that will probably require innovative solutions as efficiency is still low. There is thus a strong motivation, involving economic, social, and environmental objectives, to develop more sustainable and efficient freight transport systems. In this vein, horizontal collaboration has been largely studied, and its effectiveness and efficiency in freight transport have been proven in the recent literature (Pan et al., 2019). In particular, Collaborative Transport Networks are a horizontal collaboration solution attracting increasing attention. Given the important role of freight transport in logistics and the multiple, compounding challenges faced by actors, an innovative, effective, and sustainable management of transport services procurement is needful for the emerging new collaborative transport networks. Moreover, new collaborative incentive mechanisms and rules are required to manage interactions between all the independent stakeholders in such networks. This dissertation intends to explore collaborative mechanisms that manage the interactions between actors and guide the self-interested decisions of individuals toward an optimal global solution in such a way that these individuals are motivated to choose the optimal and rational solutions. This dissertation provides a picture of existing mechanisms for freight transport service procurement, challenges components of existing research, and provides ground for further research

De nos jours, les informations liées au déplacement et à la mobilité dans un réseau de transport représentent sans aucun doute un potentiel important.Ces travaux visent à mettre en œuvre un Système d’Information de Service d’Aide à la Mobilité Urbaine (SISAMU).Le SISAMU doit pouvoir procéder par des processus de décomposition des requêtes simultanées en un ensemble de tâches indépendantes. Chaque tâche correspond à un service qui peut être proposé par plusieurs fournisseurs d’information en concurrence, avec différents coûts, temps de réponse et formats. Le SISAMU est lié à un Réseau informatique Etendu et distribué de Transport Multimodal (RETM) qui comporte plusieurs sources d’information hétérogènes des différents services proposés aux utilisateurs de transport. L’aspect dynamique, distribué et ouvert du problème, nous a conduits à adopter une modélisation multi-agent pour assurer au système une évolution continue et une flexibilité pragmatique. Pour ce faire, nous avons proposé d’automatiser la modélisation des services en utilisant la notion d’ontologie. Notre SISAMU prend en considération les éventuelles perturbations sur le RETM.Ansi, nous avons créé un protocole de négociation entre les agents. Le protocole de négociation proposé qui utilise l’ontologie de la cartographie se base sur un système de gestion des connaissances pour soutenir l'hétérogénéité sémantique. Nous avons détaillé l’Algorithme de Reconstruction Dynamique des Chemins des Agents (ARDyCA) qui est basé sur l’approche de l’ontologie cartographique. Finalement, les résultats présentés dans cette thèse justifient l’utilisation de l’ontologie flexible et son rôle dans le processus de négociation
Nowadays, information related on displacement and mobility in a transport network represents certainly a significant potential. So, this work aims to modeling, to optimize and to implement an Information System of Services to Aid the Urban Mobility (ISSAUM).The ISSAUM has firstly to decompose each set of simultaneous requests into a set of sub-requests called tasks. Each task corresponds to a service which can be proposed different by several information providers with different. An information provider which aims to propose some services through our ISSAUM has to register its ontology. Indeed, ISSAUM is related to an Extended and distributed Transport Multimodal Network (ETMN) which contains several heterogeneous data sources. The dynamic and distributed aspects of the problem incite us to adopt a multi-agent approach to ensure a continual evolution and a pragmatic flexibility of the system. So, we proposed to automate the modeling of services by using ontology idea. Our ISSAUM takes into account possible disturbance through the ETMN. In order to satisfy user requests, we developed a negotiation protocol between our system agents. The proposed ontology mapping negotiation model based on the knowledge management system for supporting the semantic heterogeneity and it organized as follow: Negotiation Layer (NL), the Semantic Layer (SEL), and the Knowledge Management Systems Layer(KMSL).We detailed also the reassignment process by using Dynamic Reassigned Tasks (DRT) algorithm supporting by ontology mapping approach. Finally, the experimental results presented in this thesis, justify the using of the ontology solution in our system and its role in the negotiation process

Cette thèse de doctorat contribue à la mise en place d’un système d’aide à la régulation du trafic dans les réseaux de transport perturbés, visant à aider les exploitants de ces réseaux à dissiper les perturbations qui peuvent surgir et dégrader la qualité des services offerts aux voyageurs. Ce mémoire est composé de quatre chapitres. Il commence par une étude bibliographique sur la gestion des réseaux de transport collectif. Ainsi, nous abordons les différentes problématiques liées aux réseaux de transport, aux processus de planification et de régulation. Le deuxième chapitre présente les différents modèles attribués aux réseaux de transport multimodaux tels que ceux relevant de la théorie de graphes, des systèmes multi-agents, des réseaux de Petri. Il propose aussi une nouvelle formulation mathématique du problème de régulation et un module d’aide à la génération et à l’évaluation des stratégies de régulation. Ce module est constitué de quatre sous-modules, dont chacun réalise une tâche bien précise : l’évaluation d’impact des perturbations et des actions de régulation sur l’état du trafic, la détermination de l’horizon spatio-temporel de régulation, la génération de décisions réalisables et la construction de celles-ci. Les quatre approches évolutionnaires floues proposées pour la résolution de ce problème sont présentées au chapitre 3. Le quatrième chapitre est consacré aux résultats de la mise en œuvre des approches et méthodes proposées à travers les tests de simulation, afin d’évaluer leur performances sur quelques scenarii réels de perturbations de natures différentes et issus du réseau de transport du partenaire industriel du projet SART : la SEMURVAL
This doctoral thesis contributes to the implementation of a decision support system for the traffic control in the disrupted transport networks, aiming to help the developers of these networks to dissipate the disturbances which can appear and degrade the quality of services offered to the travellers. This report is consisted of four chapters. It begins with a bibliographical study on the management of collective transport networks. So, we approach the various problems related to transport systems, to processes planning and regulation. The second chapter presents various models attributed to the multimodal transport systems such as those based on the theory of graphs, on multi-agents systems, and on Petri nets. We also propose a new mathematical formulation of the problem of regulation and a help module to the generation and to the evaluation of the regulation strategies. This module is constituted with four sub-modules; each one realizes a very precise task: the evaluation of impact of disturbances and the actions of regulation on the state of the traffic, the determination of the spatiotemporal horizon of regulation, the generation of practicable decisions and their construction. Four evolutionary-fuzzy approaches proposed for the resolution of this problem are presented in the chapter 3. The fourth chapter is dedicated to the results of the implemented of approaches and methods proposed through the tests of simulation, to evaluate their performances on some real scenarios of different natural disturbances and stemming from the transport network of our industrial partner of the SART project : the SEMURVAL

Afin d’éviter au voyageur de consulter plusieurs sites web d’opérateurs de transport en commun pour planifier son déplacement, ce travail vise à concevoir un Système d’Information Coopératif de Mobilité (SICM) pour l’aide au déplacement multimodal. Il s’agit d’automatiser cette démarche de recherche et de composition d’itinéraires, pour fournir une information multimodale via un système intégrateur, en s’appuyant sur la théorie des systèmes multi agents (SMA) pour l’intégration et la médiation des systèmes d’information des différents opérateurs de transport. Pour produire l’information multimodale et multi-opérateurs nécessaire à l’aide au déplacement, le SICM doit accéder aux différents systèmes d’information des opérateurs de transport et intégrer des résultats de recherche qui sont générés par les différents algorithmes des différents opérateurs. Dans cette approche, le SICM est un intergiciel (middleware) qui devient un client parmi d’autres usagers des systèmes d’information existants. Le SICM devient alors l’intermédiaire entre les différentes sources d’informations hétérogènes et distribuées d’une part et les clients d’autre part. Ce système doit être capable à la fois de trouver la bonne source d’information pour l’interroger selon les différentes requêtes des utilisateurs, et de regrouper les informations de manière cohérente pour répondre aux requêtes. Pour fournir un itinéraire composé mais surtout optimisé selon les critères de l’utilisateur, le recours à des algorithmes de plus courts chemins distribués « en-ligne », et adaptés à des graphes dynamiques a été retenu pour réaliser ce moteur de recherche et de composition en ligne d’itinéraires multimodaux
To plan his travel, a traveller has to consult several web sites of different public transport operators. To avoid this time consuming task, this work consists in conceiving a Mobility Cooperative information system (SICM) providing a multi-modal and a multi-operators travel information. This integration system automates the itineraries search and the multi-operators routes composition. Its design is based on the multiagent system theory (MAS). The SICM tries, in fact, to make the existing operators’ information systems cooperating efficiently together, so that it can provide users with the optimized route to follow, by compiling the needed information from the different operators information sources. In this approach, the SICM is a middleware which becomes a customer among other users of the existing information systems. It can be considered as a mediator between the various distributed information sources on the one hand and the travellers on the other hand. The system should be able, at the same time, to find the needed information sources which are able to answer an itinerary request, and to gather this information in a coherent way to compose an optimized itinerary. To provide an optimized route, according to the criterion of the user, distributed and time-dependent shortest path algorithms were adopted and adapted to realize an on-line itinerary composition

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This research work compares the options of monomodality, intermodality and multimodality to the transport of bulk grains from the western region of Paran?. The purpose of the research was to identify the reasons for the low utilization of waterways in comparison with the highways and railways, in this region. In order to do this, were found the main features of the load transport through each of these modal ones, and the performance of the maritime ports of Santos (SP) and Paranagu? (PR), regarded as the most suitable for export such production. The data has been collected from primary sources, by the technique of in situ observation made in river and raiwayl terminals and guided unstructured interviews with some professionals responsible for the logistics of companies engaged in the marketing of grain in the region. It has been used some documentary research to gather secondary data, concerning the characteristics of transport and freight prices. The analysis of content was made through comparison between prices of freight, losses, and the impact in the costs related to the environmental costs, of each simulated arrangement. It found out that the preference in the region for road modal occurs mainly due to the lack of infrastructure logistics for the other modal ones. In the comparison of performance, the Port of Santos presents minor average time of wait to moor a ship than the Port of Paranagu?. It was concluded that the waterway is an alternative to the costs reduction of transport in the region and that there is a latent demand for joint efforts of public and private initiative to reach the solution of the existing deficiencies for the transport of agricultural production of the western region of Paran
Este trabalho de pesquisa compara as opções de monomodalidade, intermodalidade e multimodalidade para o transporte de granéis agrícolas da região Oeste do Paraná. O propósito foi identificar as razões da pouca utilização da hidrovia em comparação à rodovia e ferrovia, nessa região. Para isso, foram levantadas as principais características dos transportes de carga, por meio de cada um desses modais, e o desempenho dos portos marítimos de Santos (SP) e Paranaguá (PR), considerados como destinos mais apropriados para exportação dessa produção. Os dados foram coletados de fontes primárias, a partir da técnica de observação in loco, realizadas nos terminais fluvial e ferroviário, e de entrevistas não estruturadas, guiadas, com alguns profissionais responsáveis pela logística de empresas atuantes na comercialização de grãos da região. Utilizou-se de pesquisa documental para a coleta de dados secundários, referentes às características dos transportes e preços dos fretes. A análise do conteúdo foi feita por comparação entre os preços de fretes, perdas, e impacto nos custos relacionados aos problemas ambientais, de cada arranjo simulado. Constatou-se que a preferência na região pelo modal rodoviário ocorre principalmente devido à falta de infra-estrutura logística para os outros modais. Na comparação de desempenho portuário, o Porto de Santos apresenta menor tempo médio de espera para atracamento dos navios, do que o Porto de Paranaguá. Concluiu-se que a utilização da hidrovia é uma alternativa para redução dos custos de transporte na região e há uma demanda latente na região por esforços conjuntos da iniciativa pública e privada para a solução das deficiências existentes no escoamento da produção agrícola da região Oeste do Paraná.

Multimodal supply chains are characterized by multiple changes of transport modes, vehicles, and transport operators, and hence, the risks for theft, untimely delivery, and freight quality deterioration increase. There is a growing need to manage the security and efficiency of consignments. Tracking and tracing services, which are on the market, mainly concentrate on a single mode of transport, such as road vehicles, or transport units, such as containers. This chapter describes a concept for managing the security of multimodal supply chains using monitoring technology. A profound risk analysis was performed to identify threats and vulnerabilities during the different phases of the supply chain and key threat scenarios. A security service concept was developed to cope with the risks using monitoring technology. The technological solution depends on the needs of the supply chain actors and on the supply chain properties. The service concept was tested by monitoring different international shipments leaving from Finland. Intelligent monitoring devices, which were attached to the consignments, collected information on location and environmental parameters and transmitted in real-time to a background system. The chapter gives an overview of the framework, service concept, and the analysed results of multimodal shipments.

In this chapter, the author argues that mobility as a service (or MaaS) as a principal means of accessing transport may make it difficult to meet existing policy aims for sustainable mobility that addresses the climate change crisis and demographic trends. Strong governance will be needed to design MaaS for these challenges whilst addressing existing and future social injustices. Furthermore, without determined coordination, an inherent individualism at the heart of many current formulations of MaaS privileges urban areas with existing multimodal options and risks further excluding rural environments. Drawing on examples from Europe and beyond, concerns regarding the ability to assess unanticipated undesirable impacts of transport innovations that are MaaS-like in character are highlighted and discussed. How might authorities collaborate with each other and MaaS brokers to provide low carbon accessibility in rural areas?

Transportation systems are designed to run in normal conditions. The occurrence of planned works, unscheduled major events or disturbances can affect the transportation services that intended to provide and as a result, the disruptive nature may have a significant impact on the operation of the transport modes. This chapter focuses on the impact of disruptions in the multimodal transportation using the available open data. The enablers (key variables) of the datasets are taken into account to evaluate the service performance of each transport mode and its influence on other transport modes in case of disturbances. The high-volume, streaming data collected for a long time is a good potential use case for applying text mining techniques on big data. This chapter provides an insight into research being carried out for developing capabilities to store and analyze multi-modal data feeds for predictive analysis.

Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is becoming a “fashionable” solution to increase transport users’ satisfaction and accessibility, by providing new services obtained by optimally integrating sustainable modes, but also guaranteeing mass transport and less sustainable modes, guaranteeing fast and lean access/egress to the mass transport. In this context, the understanding and prediction of travellers’ mode choices is crucial not only for the effective management of multimodal transport networks, but also successful implementation of new transport schemes. Traditional studies on mode choices typically treat travellers’ decision-making processes as planned behaviour. However, this approach is now challenged by the widely distributed, multi-sourced, and heterogeneous travel information made available in real time through information and communication technologies (ICT), especially in the presence of a variety of available mode options in dense urban areas. Some of the real-time factors that affect mode choices include availability of shared vehicles, real-time passenger information, unexpected disruptions, and weather. These real-time factors are insufficiently captured by existing mode choice models. This chapter aims to propose an introduction to MaaS, a literature review on mode choice paradigms, then it proposes a novel behavioural concept referred to as the hypermode. It will be illustrated a two-level mode choice decision architecture, which captures the influence of real-time events and travellers’ adaptive behaviour. A pilot survey shows the relevance of some real-time factors, and corroborates the hypothesized adaptive mode choice behaviour in both recurrent and occasional trip scenarios.

The concept of software agent has become essential in both artificial intelligence (AI) and mainstream computer science. Multi-agent systems (MAS) provide the way to design and implement information system solutions that exhibit flexibility in a distributed environment. Simulation plays a crucial role in analyzing MAS solutions' behaviour during the automated software solution analysis and design phase. This chapter uses the idea of multi-agent computing and provides a software framework for green supply chain management, carbon footprint assessment planning for a multimodal transportation scenario. In this framework, the software agents' operational activities managed with the help of a hybrid knowledge-based system that uses rule-based reasoning (RBR) and case-based reasoning (CBR). The presented framework accepts a transport logistic service request and creates a transport plan that helps optimize environmental impact (i.e., CO2 footprint) by retrieving best practices (i.e., carbon footprint perspective) for each route from a repository of best-practiced cases.

Persistent problems related to traffic congestion, road safety and environmental challenges could be solved if people, vehicles, infrastructure and businesses were connected in a cooperative ecosystem. The creation of such an ecosystem has been key in the Horizon 2020 TIMON project, where it is the baseline for delivering information services related to traffic and multimodal transport to road users and administration drivers. The main objective of TIMON is to increase the safety, sustainability, flexibility and efficiency of road transport systems by taking advantage of cooperative communication and by processing open data related to mobility through a cooperative, open web-based platform and mobile app developed to deliver information and services to drivers, businesses and Vulnerable Road Users (VRU) in real time. TIMON has built up a large, strong community of more than 100 users (citizens) in the city of Ljubljana and has directly benefited their daily mobility and transport in the city, increasing their safety, cutting down pollutant emissions and curbing congestion. It has also impacted on at least 23 Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) services companies, 31 road infrastructure managers & city administration and transport associations belonging to the Users’ Board of the project. This briefing seeks to present the benefits of the TIMON system for optimising traffic management and urban transport network operations in cities, directly supporting transport managers in their decision-making processes for transport operations. The briefing also explains how the TIMON solution has been deployed in the cities and the minimum requirements for it to work.

The European Union has regulated by law the elimination of barriers to guarantee the right to free movement, freedom of choice and non-discrimination of people with reduced mobility (PRM). This regulation also affects air transport. More specifically, airports of the member states must offer a quality assistance service to PRM, with the adequate human and technical resources to guarantee their rights. The changing characteristics of the operation of an airport (delays, cancellations, breakdowns, etc.) add great complexity to the design and management of a PRM service. Internet of Things (IoT) technologies pose a unique opportunity to integrate new services and solutions to deal with these problems. This work focuses on the use of modeling and simulation techniques for the evaluation of the impact of the incorporation of new IoT-based elements (such as autonomous vehicles, smart devices and 5G-enabled systems), for the improvement of the PRM service.

Today, smart cities are presented as a solution to achieve a more sustainable urban development while increasing the quality of life of its citizens through the use of new technologies (Neirotti, 2013). Smart Mobility is based on innovative and sustainable ways to provide transport for the inhabitants of cities, enhancing the use of fuels or vehicle propulsion systems that respect the environment, supported by technological tools and a proactive behaviour of citizenship (Neirotti, 2013). In urban mobility, the purpose of the Smart Cities is to develop flexible systems for real-time information to support decision-making in the use and management of different transport modes, generating a positive impact, saving users time and improving efficiency and quality of service. In this context, several solution types are being introduced in the world’s cities. They enable the improvement of the abovementioned factors acting on the demand side resulting in more efficient journeys for individual travelers, and improved satisfaction with the service. (Skelley et Al., 2013) with a lower level of investment than that of infrastructure deployment or an increase in the level of service. One of the most extended solutions is the use of mobile apps for providing the user with contextualized -static and real time- transport information. The study is based on a survey carried out among users of public transport in Madrid under the European OPTICITES project of the 7th Research Framework Programme. The survey contained items on their transportation habits, their level of skills and technological capabilities, and their main expectations about the possibility of using a new application, the main desired capabilities and willingness to pay for use. The study results show the preferences of users of public transport capacity, static, real-time search and in-app services for a multimodal real-time application and willingness to pay for this service, all analyzed by different Slicers users. The results also establish the basis for an estimate of the usefulness of these applications for users of public transport.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.3498

Transport interchanges can be considered as a node, where people transfer from one mode to another, and as a place to stay, using facilities and services as well as waiting areas. Reducing disruption of transfer in multimodal trips is a key element for assuring seamless mobility in big cities. Based on previous research (Hernández & Monzón, 2016) this paper aims to explore the predictive capacity of attitudes towards several service factors on general satisfaction with transport interchange. Complementary, it was analyzing how personal and trip characteristics are related to evaluation of some variables, and examining the influence of waiting time on the perceived quality. To that end, a two steps methodology was conducted (personal and on-line interview) in a representative sample of 740 users (54% female, 55% work purpose trip). We performed path analysis to test the model showing a satisfactory statistical fit. The model developed show good performance for predicting general satisfaction at Moncloa Transport Interchange (Madrid, Spain). The outputs of the model indicate that Information and Safety and Security factors predicted 49% of general satisfaction. Furthermore, the results showed also a strong association between evaluation of Design and Environmental quality, factors that not affect directly general satisfaction but do so through Information and Safety & Security perception, acting the last as mediator variables. Nevertheless, spending time queuing inside the interchange show a negative influence on Information and Safety & Security, while age of participants affect negatively to Information, which mean that elder have some cognitive accessibility problems. Moreover, our data shows gender differences in safety perception, since women feel less safe (particularity the youngest) inside the interchange. The results indicate a number of priority measures to enhance perceived quality and efficiency of interchanges.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.4207

Abstract Mobility is no longer just a necessity for travelers, but choices among several possible routes and transportation modes. Urban passenger rail transport plays an essential role because it is affordable, convenient, safe, and fast. On the other hand, rail lines are limited to high passenger density corridors. Inevitably, rail has to be placed together with different transport modes, forming a multimodal network. However, to enable this integration with other modes of transport, numerous practical problems remain, such as making a smooth transition from the existing siloed, mode specific operational structure towards an interconnected system of transportation modes and business models for a seamless connected journey. The current isolated operational structure lacks a single truth and accurate visibility, which further discourages participation from augmenting transportation modes and leads to the extended reaction time for new technology integration. This research article introduces a Multimodal Mobility (MMM) solution framework that provides a functional interface to integrate and synchronize the railroad operations with other public transit networks (including train-bus-rapid transits) and micro-mobility services. The known approach to addressing the users’ seamless mobility experience entails a centralized, prearranged, a priori knowledge and mechanism for operating intermodal transport systems. In contrast, the method defined in this paper focuses on a market-driven demand-responsive system that allows for dis-intermediation in a network of peer-level transportation modes operations. The framework facilitates blockchain-based decentralized and multi-organizational engagement. The focus here is the role of railroad in the multimodal ecosystem and its performance advancements in this integrated solutions framework. Leveraging a combination of graph analytics and machine learning algorithms, we provide methods to address challenges in encoding spatial and temporal dependencies of multimodal transit networks and handle complex optimization problems such as mixed time window and volume variation for resource allocation and transit operational analytics. This enables operation of different transit modes with varied resolution and flexibility for operational parameters like time, capacity, ridership, revenue management, etc. The analytics enable solutions for recommendations on synchronizing and integrating operations of transportation systems. Further, the network’s decentralization and modular handling enable market-driven co-optimization of operational resources across various transportation modes to ensure seamless transit experience for users.