Relevant bibliographies by topics / Multiple-baseline design

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Multiple-baseline design'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Multiple-baseline design"

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Cuyvers, Katrien. "Multiple baseline design." TVZ - Verpleegkunde in praktijk en wetenschap 131, no. 1 (February 2021): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41184-020-0898-z.

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Whitehurst, Geoffrey. "The Multiple-Baseline Design." Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000050.

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The multiple-baseline research design has been proposed as an efficient alternative methodology for suitable between-group experimental designs in aviation ( Whitehurst, 2013 , Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors). However, without replicating a study, comparable statistical conclusions could not be stated. This study replicated one by Whitehurst and Rantz (2012 , Journal of Aviation / Aerospace Education and Research) which investigated the flight performance of pilots trained on digital flight instrumentation when they transitioned to analog flight instrumentation for the first time. The data from this multiple-baseline replication showed a similar statistically significant degradation in flight performance postintervention to the original study. This suggests that the multiple-baseline design (MBD) can produce similar results to between-group experimental designs and could be an efficient design to use for suitable aviation studies.
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Pustejovsky, James E., Larry V. Hedges, and William R. Shadish. "Design-Comparable Effect Sizes in Multiple Baseline Designs." Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics 39, no. 5 (October 2014): 368–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1076998614547577.

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Paniagua, Freddy A. "The multiple baseline design across exemplars." Behavioral Interventions 5, no. 3 (July 1990): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bin.2360050305.

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Koehler, Matthew J., and Joel R. Levin. "RegRand: Statistical software for the multiple-baseline design." Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers 32, no. 2 (June 2000): 367–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03207807.

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Franzen, Michael D., and Carole V. Harris. "Neuropsychological rehabilitation: Application of a modified multiple baseline design." Brain Injury 7, no. 6 (January 1993): 525–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02699059309008180.

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Hawkins, Nathan G., Robert W. Sanson-Fisher, Anthony Shakeshaft, Catherine D’Este, and Lawrence W. Green. "The Multiple Baseline Design for Evaluating Population-Based Research." American Journal of Preventive Medicine 33, no. 2 (August 2007): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2007.03.020.

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Wolfe, Katie, Tammiee S. Dickenson, Bridget Miller, and Kathleen V. McGrath. "Comparing Visual and Statistical Analysis of Multiple Baseline Design Graphs." Behavior Modification 43, no. 3 (April 10, 2018): 361–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145445518768723.

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A growing number of statistical analyses are being developed for single-case research. One important factor in evaluating these methods is the extent to which each corresponds to visual analysis. Few studies have compared statistical and visual analysis, and information about more recently developed statistics is scarce. Therefore, our purpose was to evaluate the agreement between visual analysis and four statistical analyses: improvement rate difference (IRD); Tau-U; Hedges, Pustejovsky, Shadish (HPS) effect size; and between-case standardized mean difference (BC-SMD). Results indicate that IRD and BC-SMD had the strongest overall agreement with visual analysis. Although Tau-U had strong agreement with visual analysis on raw values, it had poorer agreement when those values were dichotomized to represent the presence or absence of a functional relation. Overall, visual analysis appeared to be more conservative than statistical analysis, but further research is needed to evaluate the nature of these disagreements.
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Rudolph, Johanna M., and Oliver Wendt. "The efficacy of the cycles approach: A multiple baseline design." Journal of Communication Disorders 47 (January 2014): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2013.12.003.

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Emerson, Robert Wall. "Single-Subject Research Design Reexamined: The Utility of the Multiple Baseline Across Participants Design." Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 114, no. 5 (September 2020): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x20957908.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Multiple-baseline design"

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Dickinson, Sarah E. "Smart Start for Trauma: A Multiple Baseline Design." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7498.

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The purpose of this study was to address gaps in the trauma treatment literature related to the expense and inaccessibility of evidence-based interventions for children with disabilities who have experienced trauma. Another aim of this study was to provide additional support for a newly piloted intervention for children with disabilities who have experienced trauma. This intervention is known as Smart Start: Parenting Tools for Children with Developmental Delay, Social-Emotional Concerns, and Trauma. A non-concurrent multiple baseline method was used to determine whether there was a functional relationship between the intervention and children’s challenging behaviors for five caregiver-child dyads. In addition, three of five caregiver-child dyads were assessed for improvements in child PTSD symptomatology, positive parenting practices, parenting stress, and treatment acceptability. Results from visual analysis, masked visual analysis, and hierarchical linear modeling were mixed, but generally supported a statistically and clinically significant relationship between participation in Smart Start and improved caregiver ratings of children’s challenging behaviors. Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test did not show statistically significant changes in interventionists’ ratings of challenging behavior, but descriptively, four of five children were rated as improved. Reliable change index scores revealed statistically significant changes in trauma symptoms and parenting stress for two participants. Positive parenting practices improved significantly for all participants according to the reliable change index. The intervention was implemented with good fidelity. All caregivers found Smart Start highly acceptable. Future research with larger samples is warranted based on the extremely promising results of the present study.
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Baccelli, Natalie Louise. "The effects of respiration biofeedback on participants with irritable bowel syndrome: A multiple-baseline design study." Scholarly Commons, 1995. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2636.

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits (diarrhea and/or constipation) occurring in the absence of abnormalities on both physical and laboratory investigations. This study examined the effects of respiration biofeedback to decrease abdominal pain, anxiety levels, and medication intake in participants with IBS, using a multiple-baseline design across 10 participants. The STAI-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Nijmegen Questionnaire for Hyperventilation were administered at baseline and follow-up to determine decreases in anxiety and hyperventilation. It was hypothesized that respiration biofeedback training would produce significant decreases in pain, anxiety, and medication intake during treatment, as well as decreases in the State-Trait and Nijmegen Questionnaire scores at follow-up. Decreases in pain levels were obtained in 70% of the participants, and 30% of the participants showed decreases in anxiety levels. Four of the 5 participants (80%) who recorded medication intake showed decreases in medication. Findings are interpreted and future research is suggested.
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Lievesley, Alexandra. "The impact of mindfulness practice on cognition and affective change in psychosis : a multiple baseline design." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/161961/.

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This thesis addresses understanding the underlying change that occurs in mindfulness practice. The first paper reviews the literature regarding the processes of change implicated in mindfulness. The paper reviews the literature regarding definition and conceptualisation of mindfulness and the literature regarding therapeutic interventions and applications of mindfulness. The paper then considers in detail literature regarding the proposed processes operating in mindfulness, looking in particular at: cognitive change, exposure, acceptance, attentional control and non-attachment. The review concludes by drawing together the research and discussing the difficulties faced by this developing literature base. The second paper reports the findings of a study looking at the impact of mindfulness practice on cognitive and affective change for individuals with distressing psychosis. A multiple-baseline design assessing changes to twice weekly ratings of: distress, believability, metacognitive belief, personal control, voices control, acceptance of self, and acceptance of voices during baseline and completion of a mindfulness intervention. Visual analyses indicated no clear discernable changes across participants but individual benefits and patterns of cognitive and affective change indicated for each participant are reported. The mediating effect of practice is also highlighted and consideration is given to limitations, future research, and implications for clinical practice.
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Mccullough, Mollie Marie. "Improving Elementary Teachers’ Well-Being through a Strengths-Based Intervention: A Multiple Baseline Single-Case Design." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5990.

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Teaching is considered to be one of the most highly demanding professions, and one that is associated with high levels of stress and sometimes deleterious outcomes. Although research demonstrates that burnout and attrition are often associated with specific characteristics of the occupation (e.g., challenging workload, standardized testing, merit-based salary) minimal research focuses on how to better support teachers’ well-being. The field of positive psychology affords a new perspective in how to obtain quality mental health without solely focusing on psychopathology within a deficits-based approach. This includes the implementation of interventions (i.e., positive psychology interventions [PPI]) that target constructs of well-being (e.g., character strengths, hope, optimism, gratitude, etc.) and are associated with positive changes in authentic happiness. This study examined how a strength-based, PPI entitled Utilizing Signature Strengths in a New Way (Seligman, Steen, Park, & Peterson, 2005) impacts dimensions of teacher well-being, as well as other relevant outcomes (i.e., flourishing, burnout) within the school context. Previous research has shown that strengths-based intervention to be the PPI with the most substantial impact and the longest lasting outcomes (Seligman et al., 2005). Utilizing a concurrent multiple baseline single-case design with eight teachers, the study evaluated the effects of the strengths-based PPI on teacher’s overall happiness (i.e., subjective well-being) as indicated by self-report measures of life satisfaction and positive and negative affect. The teachers exhibited significant gains in life satisfaction and reductions in negative affect from pre- to post-intervention that were also evident one month following the intervention. Although positive affect did not significantly change from pre- to post-intervention, a significant gain was apparent at one-month follow-up. Single-case analytic strategies (i.e., visual analysis, masked visual analysis, and hierarchical linear modeling) found that the intervention positively impacted teachers’ overall subjective well-being (composite of standardized life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect scores). Results for single indicators of subjective well-being found variability in basic effects among different individuals (i.e., some teachers benefited more than others) further supporting the theory of person-activity fit. Regarding the intervention’s effects on secondary outcomes that were examined only at pre, post, and one-month follow-up time points, findings indicated the teachers experienced a significant increase in work satisfaction immediately following the intervention, as well as a significant increase in feelings of flourishing at follow-up. Significant decreases in negative dimensions of teachers’ mental health including stress and burnout (i.e., emotional exhaustion) were also demonstrated. Findings from the current study provide initial support for the efficacy of a teacher-focused, strengths-based intervention and its ability to improve multiple components of teacher well-being within an elementary school. Implications for school psychologists and policy, contributions to the literature, and future directions are discussed.
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Levin, Joel R., John M. Ferron, and Boris S. Gafurov. "Additional comparisons of randomization-test procedures for single-case multiple-baseline designs: Alternative effect types." PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625957.

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A number of randomization statistical procedures have been developed to analyze the results from single-case multiple-baseline intervention investigations. In a previous simulation study, comparisons of the various procedures revealed distinct differences among them in their ability to detect immediate abrupt intervention effects of moderate size, with some procedures (typically those with randomized intervention start points) exhibiting power that was both respectable and superior to other procedures (typically those with single fixed intervention start points). In Investigation 1 of the present follow-up simulation study, we found that when the same randomization-test procedures were applied to either delayed abrupt or immediate gradual intervention effects: (1) the powers of all of the procedures were severely diminished; and (2) in contrast to the previous study's results, the single fixed intervention start-point procedures generally outperformed those with randomized intervention start points. In Investigation 2 we additionally demonstrated that if researchers are able to successfully anticipate the specific alternative effect types, it is possible for them to formulate adjusted versions of the original randomization-test procedures that can recapture substantial proportions of the lost powers.
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Lane, Robin. "Evaluation of a standardized protocol for parent training in positive behavior support using a multiple baseline design." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002707.

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Birri, Nicole L. "A Personal Narrative Intervention for Adults with Autism and Intellectual Disability: A Single Subject Multiple Baseline Design." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1539079809808646.

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Cliffe, Michael John. "The randomized multiple baseline experimental design : its power and a clinical application to the cognitive modification of delusions." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/10711.

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The dissertation describes the first reported application of a small-N experimental design, the randomized baseline experimental design across subjects and behaviours. It is applied to a small scale clinical psychological experiment on the cognitive modification of delusional ideation in four people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The data were analysed by a form of randomization test which does not depend on the classical parametric assumptions. The randomization test based on random data permutation gave statistically significant results for the effect of the independent variable (cognitive modification of delusions) on two dependent variables (strength of conviction, and preoccupation) but not on a third dependent variable, amount of distress. Estimates of effect size are provided based on Cohen's d and on the Common Language Effect Size. It presents data on the statistical power of the procedure derived from Monte Carlo power analysis. It provides reviews of the concept of statistical power in applied psychological research, of the concept of effect size, of the use of cognitive modification of delusional ideation and of randomization tests. The results support the feasibility of small-N clinical experiments using the randomized baseline experimental design, analysing the data graphically and by use of randomization tests and designing experiments with the aid of Monte Carlo power analysis.
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Jeffries, DeLoatche Kendall. "Parent-Child Interaction Therapy as a Treatment for ADHD in Early Childhood: A Multiple Baseline Single-Case Design." Scholar Commons, 2015. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5512.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of PCIT as an alternative to medication in managing symptoms and behavior problems of preschool-aged children with ADHD. Using a multiple baseline single-case design, the study measured the impact of PCIT on four preschool-aged children's problem behaviors and ADHD symptoms, parenting practices, and mothers' attitudes towards therapy. Outcome measures included the Child Behavior Checklist, Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory, Behavior Assessment System for Children, ADHD Symptom Observation form, Dyadic Parent-Child Interaction Coding System, Parenting Practices Interview, and Therapy Attitude Inventory. Results from visual analyses, a visual permutation test, and hierarchical linear modeling showed partial treatment effects for mothers' use of labeled praises (b = 10.67, p < 0.0001), commands (b = -26.84, p = 0.000), behavior management skills (b = 91.21, p < 0.0001), children's behavior problems (b = -20.29, p = 0.000), and parent-reported ADHD symptoms (b = -25.76, p = 0.000). Mothers expressed high satisfaction with PCIT and reported their relationships with their children and their children's compliance and behavior problems had improved post-intervention. The consistency with which other caretaking partners (e.g., fathers) practiced the same discipline procedures as the mothers in the study played a significant role in the changes observed in mothers' use of effective discipline practices and children's behavior problems. Findings of this study indicate PCIT may partially be an effective intervention in improving children's behavior problems and ADHD symptoms.
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Doyle, Kathryn A. "Social Scripts to Teach Conversation Skills to Adults Significantly Impacted by ASD." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin149070190859745.

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Books on the topic "Multiple-baseline design"

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Antia, Shirin D., Caroline Guardino, and Joanna E. Cannon. Single-Case Design. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190455651.003.0011.

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Key features of single-case design (SCD) research are presented and reviewed, including AB, withdrawal (ABAB), multiple-baseline, multiple-treatment, and comparative designs. Validity and reliability of these research designs are defined. The relevance and feasibility of using SCD research to build an evidence base of instructional strategies is discussed. Studies within the field of deaf education are examined and analyzed to demonstrate the variety of ways that SCD research can be implemented in the field. Recommendations regarding replication, collaboration, and generalization are noted to encourage researchers to implement SCD studies to advance the field.
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Friese, Lonn David. Matched versus unmatched treatment of cognitive versus behavioral deficits in marital couples: A multiple baseline crossover design treatment outcome study. 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Multiple-baseline design"

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Cuyvers, K. "Multiple baseline design." In Onderzoek langs de meetlat, 59–64. Houten: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-2600-6_11.

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Tate, Robyn L., and Michael Perdices. "Multiple-baseline designs." In Single-Case Experimental Designs for Clinical Research and Neurorehabilitation Settings, 108–30. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Neuropsychological rehabilitation: a modular handbook: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429488184-6.

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Johnston, James M., Henry S. Pennypacker, and Gina Green. "Multiple Baseline Designs." In Strategies and Tactics of Behavioral Research and Practice, 327–52. Fourth edition. | New York, NY: Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315537085-13.

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Gast, David L., Blair P. Lloyd, and Jennifer R. Ledford. "Multiple Baseline and Multiple Probe Designs." In Single Case Research Methodology, 239–81. Third Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2018. | Revised edition of Single case research methodology, 2014.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315150666-10.

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Spantideas, Sotirios, and Nikolaos Kapsalis. "Magnetic Dipole Modeling for DC and Low Frequency AC Magnetic Fields in Space Missions." In Electromagnetic Compatibility for Space Systems Design, 71–114. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5415-8.ch003.

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In this chapter, modeling methods of static and slowly varying magnetic field emissions that are generated by spacecraft equipment are analyzed and discussed. In particular, specific issues on the established methods for multiple magnetic dipole modeling (MDM) are investigated and validated via near field measurements of well-behaved magnetic sources. Moreover, a software-based calibration technique for measuring facilities, dedicated to magnetic characterization of spacecraft units, is described and implemented on a configuration consisting of 12 sensors. Due to increasingly strict magnetic cleanliness demands, the modeling of units' induced DC magnetic behavior has become a necessary requirement for various space missions. Therefore, a baseline methodology regarding the measurements and modeling of induced magnetic fields is presented. Finally, DC methods are complemented to cover AC magnetic cleanliness requirements for on-ground verification of low-frequency magnetic fields, including AC induced magnetization effects.
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"Practicing School Consultants Can Empirically Validate Interventions: A Description and Demonstration of the Non-Concurrent Multiple-Baseline Design." In Single-Subject Designs for School Psychologists, 113–32. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203725887-11.

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Gast, David L., Blair P. Lloyd, and Jennifer R. Ledford. "Multiple Baseline and Multiple Probe Designs." In Single Case Research Methodology, 251–96. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203521892-11.

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Gast, David L., and Jennifer Ledford. "Multiple Baseline and Multiple Probe Designs." In Single Subject Research Methodology in Behavioral Sciences, 276–328. Routledge, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203877937-11.

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"Analysis of Multiple-Baseline Designs." In The Analysis of Covariance and Alternatives, 453–71. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118067475.ch21.

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Cordova, Karly. "Teaching Menstrual Care to a Student With Autism Spectrum Disorder in a School Setting." In Advances in Early Childhood and K-12 Education, 16–35. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2987-4.ch002.

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There is a lack of training for parents, school staff, and residential staff aimed at helping persons with intellectual disabilities acquire menstrual self-care skills. This may be due in part to the sensitive nature of this topic, the aversion to performing menstrual care for individuals with a disability, and the lack of empirically supported training protocols. This chapter critically reviews behavior analytic research on menstrual care that has been published in peer reviewed journals. This is followed by a case illustration using behavior analytic methods to teach menstrual self-care skills for a student with autism spectrum disorder in a public school setting. Evaluated using a multiple baseline across behaviors design, it was shown that the student increased her independent performance of selected menstrual self-case skills.
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Conference papers on the topic "Multiple-baseline design"

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Galila Cabigao, Noelle Beatrix, Maria Carmina Rae Villanueva Gonzaga, Hazel Deluso Laure Anastacia Ballesil Alvarez, Maria Theresa Gusad De Leon, Chris Vincent Jagunap Densing, John Richard Ereso Hizon, and Marc Driz Rosales. "Design of Multiple Prediction Complexity Configurations for an FPGA-Based H.264 Baseline Profile Encoder." In TENCON 2018 - 2018 IEEE Region 10 Conference. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tencon.2018.8650117.

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Mistree, Farrokh, Bharat Patel, and Srinivas Vadde. "On Modeling Multiple Objectives and Multi-Level Decisions in Concurrent Design." In ASME 1994 Design Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1994 International Computers in Engineering Conference and Exhibition and the ASME 1994 8th Annual Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1994-0123.

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Abstract Modeling of multiple objectives in a decision and multilevel decisions are important in decision-based concurrent design. In this paper we address these twin issues in the context of a rotating disk. The initial mathematical description, referred to as the baseline model, of the rotating disk is independent of the strategies of modeling and solution, applied to it. Once the baseline model is established, it is modeled using two design strategies with different philosophical underpinnings, namely, one based on the notion of a unique optimum and the other on the notion of satisficing solutions. Our desire in writing this paper is to foster discussion rather than offering a prescription for solution.
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Briones, Alejandro M., Timothy J. Erdmann, and Brent A. Rankin. "On-Design Component-Level Multiple-Objective Optimization of a Small-Scale Cavity-Stabilized Combustor." In ASME Turbo Expo 2021: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2021-60102.

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Abstract This work presents an on-design component-level multiple-objective optimization of a small-scaled uncooled cavity-stabilized combustor. Optimization is performed at the maximum power condition of the engine thermodynamic cycle. The CFD simulations are managed by a supervised machine learning algorithm to divide a continuous and deterministic design space into non-dominated Pareto frontier and dominated design points. Steady, compressible three-dimensional simulations are performed using a multi-phase Realizable k-ε RANS and non-adiabatic FPV combustion model. Conjugate heat transfer through the combustor liner is also considered. There are fifteen geometrical input parameters and four objective functions viz., maximization of combustion efficiency, and minimization of total pressure losses, pattern factor, and critical liner area factor. The baseline combustor design is based on engineering guidelines developed over the past two decades. The small-scale baseline design performs remarkably well. Direct optimization calculations are performed on this baseline design. In terms of Pareto optimality, the baseline design remains in the Pareto frontier throughout the optimization. However, the optimization calculations show improvement from an initial design point population to later iteration design points. The optimization calculations report other non-dominated designs in the Pareto frontier. The Euclidean distance from design points to the utopic point is used to select a “best” and “worst” design point for future fabrication and experimentation. The methodology to perform CFD optimization calculations of a small-scale uncooled combustor is expected to be useful for guiding the design and development of future gas turbine combustors.
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Ebbinghaus, Alexandra, and Jim Swithenbank. "Mixing of Multiple Jets in a Can Combustor." In ASME 1995 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/95-gt-257.

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Computational fluid dynamics and experiments have been used to study the mixing of multiple jets in a can combustor. An existing configuration having a poor exit temperature profile was chosen as the baseline case. In the computations, the air split and axial location of the primary, secondary and dilution jets were held constant while the number of jets at each location were varied parametrically to determine their effect on the exit temperature profile. As a result of these studies, two configurations were selected for experimental verification of the anticipated improved performance. The modified design was found to have a more uniform exit temperature profile than the baseline case. Thus the experimental results generally confirmed the predictions and demonstrated the potential utility of CFD as a design tool.
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Mishra, Shashank, Shaaban Abdallah, and Mark Turner. "Flow Characteristics of a Novel Centrifugal Compressor Design." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-58103.

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Multistage axial compressor has an advantage of lower stage loading as compared to a single stage. Several stages with low pressure ratio are linked together which allows for multiplication of pressure to generate high pressure ratio in an axial compressor. Since each stage has low pressure ratio they operate at a higher efficiency and the efficiency of multi-stage axial compressor as a whole is very high. Although, single stage centrifugal compressor has higher pressure ratio compared with an axial compressor but multistage centrifugal compressors are not as efficient because the flow has to be turned from radial at outlet to axial at inlet for each stage. The present study explores the advantages of extending the axial compressor efficient flow path that consist of rotor stator stages to the centrifugal compressor stage. In this invention, two rotating rows of blades are mounted on the same impeller disk, separated by a stator blade row attached to the casing. A certain amount of turning can be achieved through a single stage centrifugal compressor before flow starts separating, thus dividing it into multiple stages would be advantageous as it would allow for more flow turning. Also the individual stage now operate with low pressure ratio and high efficiency resulting into an overall increase in pressure ratio and efficiency. The baseline is derived from the NASA low speed centrifugal compressor design which is a 55 degree backward swept impeller. Flow characteristics of the novel multistage design are compared with a single stage centrifugal compressor. The flow path of the baseline and multi-stage compressor are created using 3DBGB tool and DAKOTA is used to optimize the performance of baseline as well novel design. The optimization techniques used are Genetic algorithm followed by Numerical Gradient method. The optimization resulted into improvements in incidence and geometry which significantly improved the performance over baseline compressor design. The multistage compressor is more efficient with a higher pressure ratio compared with the base line design for the same work input and initial conditions.
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Kumar, Sandeep, Mark G. Turner, Kiran Siddappaji, and Mark Celestina. "Aerodynamic Design System for Non-Axisymmetric Boundary Layer Ingestion Fans." In ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2018-77042.

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Non-uniformities at the engine inlet call for novel design techniques to cater to the performance and aeromechanical challenges. The purpose of the fan system is to mitigate the effects of distortion in the flow and to provide thrust to the vehicle. This paper discusses a harmonic based open source design system (NAX) and demonstrates its capabilities for applications in a boundary layer ingesting fan system. First, a primary baseline design was obtained using a typical axisymmetric design approach for the rotor and OGV (Outlet Guide Vanes). This baseline design now serves as the basis for further development, based on user-defined design features. Subsequently, using this baseline design, a circumferentially non-axisymmetric design of the OGV is obtained by means of inducing perturbations in blade leading edge metal angles using Fourier coefficients and phase values. The other parameters that can be varied radially as Bezier curves and tangentially as Fourier modes are: trailing edge metal angle, chord, lean, sweep, curvature and thickness. A smooth spanwise curvature controlled 3D design of OGV is discussed using the open-source geometry generator, T-Blade3. The OGV geometry files along with the detailed documentation are also available for download on the T-Blade3 website and NAX source code on Github website. This design is further optimized to improve the non-axisymmetric geometric distribution against the distorted flow conditions. The design system proposed here helps in exploration of user-specified parametric design space for development of a non-axisymmetric fan stage. Further, since the design system is modular in nature, it can easily be integrated at multiple process levels for other types of turbomachinery design applications.
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7

Briones, Alejandro M., David L. Burrus, Joshua P. Sykes, Brent A. Rankin, and Andrew W. Caswell. "Automated Design Optimization of a Small-Scale High-Swirl Cavity-Stabilized Combustor." In ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2018-76900.

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A numerical optimization study is performed on a small-scale high-swirl cavity-stabilized combustor. A parametric geometry is created in CAD software that is coupled with meshing software. The latter automatically transfers meshes and boundary conditions to the solver, which is coupled with a post-processing tool. Steady, incompressible three-dimensional simulations are performed using a multi-phase Realizable k-ϵ Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) approach with the non-adiabatic flamelet progress variable (FPV). There are nine input parameters based on geometrical control variables. There are five output parameters, viz., pattern factor (PF), RMS of the profile factor deviation, averaged exit temperature, averaged exit swirl angle, and total pressure loss. An iterative design of experiments (DOE) with a recursive Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) is performed to filter the most important input parameters. The five major input parameters are found with Spearman’s order-rank correlation and R2 coefficient of determination. The five input parameters are used for the adaptive multiple objective (AMO) optimization. The AMO algorithm provided a candidate design point with the lowest weighted objective function. This design point was verified through CFD simulation. The combined filtering and optimization procedures improve the baseline design point in terms of pattern and profile factor. The former halved from that of the baseline design point whereas the latter turned from an outer peak to a center peak profile, closely mimicking an ideal profile. The exit swirl angle favorably increased 25%. The averaged exit temperature and the total pressure losses remained nearly unchanged from the baseline design point.
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Lin, Yuzhen, Yunhui Peng, and Gaoen Liu. "Investigation on NOx of a Low Emission Combustor Design With Multihole Premixer-Prevaporizer." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53203.

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A low NOx emission combustor design was presented in this paper. The design features the premixer-prevaporizer tube with multihole and two stages arranged radially in line, with the outer stage being pilot stage and inner stage being main stage. The multihole premixer and prevaporizer is a part of main stage. The results of NOx emission were provided and also compared with the baseline design that the premixer and prevaporizer tube without multihole. The double swirler prefilming airblast atomizer was installed in the premixed prevaporized duct entrance. The mean drop size and radial fuel flux distribution were measured to determine proper configurations of the multihole premixer-prevaporizer. NOx emission investigations were carried out using a test combustor with one pilot stage and one main stage under the operating condition of high inlet temperature (800K) and inlet air pressure was atmospheric pressure. The experiment results demonstrated large NOx emissions reduction of the multihole premixer-prevaporizer compared with the baseline design. The more even fuel-air mixing, which was gained by the multiple jets, intensified the fuel and air mixing within the premixer-prevaporizer, resulted in the large reduction of NOx emission. The configurations of multihole premixer-prevaporizer had great influence on NOx emissions reduction.
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9

Garfield, M. Robert, and Mary Beth Privitera. "Human Factors Refinement of a Multimodal Laparoscopic Hand Tool." In 2019 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2019-3204.

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Laparoscopic surgery offers multiple clinical advantages over open surgical procedures. The rise in adoption of laparoscopic surgery brings with it unique human factors challenges for surgeons and device developers. The design of laparoscopic surgical tools requires specialized human factors analysis and ergonomic considerations to overcome these challenges. Often, this necessary ergonomic design refinement is a secondary effort after proof-of-concept engineering prototypes demonstrate technological feasibility. In this paper, the evaluation and redesign of an engineering proof-of-concept multimodal hand tool, is presented. The baseline design, a three-in-one laparoscopic hand tool for liver resection, merged three distinct devices into one integrated solution for dissection, vessel sealing, and tissue cautery. The work described herein evolves the initial prototype using a multifaceted human factors analysis and design process. This included the use of operating room and laboratory contextual inquiry, simulated use studies, anthropometric underlays, an iterative design process, and expert reviews. The revised design reduced ulnar deviation based on directed hand position via design, provided dual grip options, added over-molded interaction points, incorporated end-effector rotation, and implemented a new handle and controls layout based on anthropometric underlays. The outcome reinforces the notion that human factors and industrial design principles are required elements of a successful user centered design process.
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10

Deng, Xiangyang, Fushui Guo, Yesheng Liu, and Pinlian Han. "Aero-Mechanical Optimization Design of a Transonic Fan Blade." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-95357.

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This paper presents the optimization design of a high bypass ratio civil fan blade with the consideration of aerodynamics, static and dynamic mechanics. The baseline fan blade was designed with a conventional approach without using automatic optimization techniques on both the aero side and the mechanical side. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to achieve a higher aero-mechanical performance under the multiple aerodynamic and mechanical constraints. Before the optimization, the static stress and modal analysis are performed on the baseline fan blade with/without the introduction of the arc dovetail root and shank. The results are compared to investigate the necessity of including the arc root and shank in the aero-mechanical optimization. With respect to the optimization process, the numerical design of experiment (DOE) by means of high fidelity CFD/FEA computations is firstly performed to construct the database for the initialization of Kriging surrogate mode. After that, the surrogate model is integrated with the optimization design process, and the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGAII) is implemented to obtain the Pareto front, based on which the optimal design is selected. Utilizing this optimization process, both the aero-only and aero-mechanical optimizations are carried out. The results show that the attenuation of the 3D shock wave strength between the middle and shroud span improves the overall aero performance of the fan blade in both the aero-only optimal design and the aero-mechanical optimal design. Compared with the aero-only optimal design, the aero-mechanical optimal design shows the efficiency penalty within all the operation range simulated, however, the mechanical performance is significantly enhanced by the mitigation of the static stress level on the entire arc dovetail root and shank as well as the increase of the resonance margin.
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