Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Multiple cracking / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Multiple cracking.

Journal articles on the topic 'Multiple cracking'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Multiple cracking.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Zhang, Jun, and Bing Leng. "Transition from multiple macro-cracking to multiple micro-cracking in cementitious composites." Tsinghua Science and Technology 13, no. 5 (October 2008): 669–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1007-0214(08)70109-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Fissolo, A., V. Maillot, G. Degallaix, S. Degallaix, N. Haddar, J. C. Le Roux, J. M. Stephan, C. Amzallag, and F. Bouchet. "Multiple cracking under thermal fatigue." Revue de Métallurgie 101, no. 12 (December 2004): 1087–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal:2004112.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Semboshi, Satoshi, Naoya Masahashi, and Shuji Hanada. "Multiple cracking of tantalum by hydrogenation." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 34, no. 3 (March 2003): 685–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-003-0102-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Huang, Y., H. W. Zhang, and F. Wu. "Multiple cracking in metal-ceramic laminates." International Journal of Solids and Structures 31, no. 20 (October 1994): 2753–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7683(94)90067-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Wang, J., and B. L. Karihaloo. "Multiple Cracking in Angle-Ply Composite Laminates." Journal of Composite Materials 29, no. 10 (July 1995): 1321–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002199839502901004.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Handge, U. A., Y. Leterrier, G. Rochat, I. M. Sokolov, and A. Blumen. "Two scaling domains in multiple cracking phenomena." Physical Review E 62, no. 6 (December 1, 2000): 7807–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreve.62.7807.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Bazhenov, S. L., I. N. Nasrullaev, I. V. Razumovskaya, S. K. Kudaikulova, B. A. Zhubanov, and Marc J. M. Abadie. "Multiple Cracking of Metallized Polyimide Kapton Films." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 6, no. 1 (April 7, 2016): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj332.

Full text

Abstract:

Mechanical behaviour of metallized polyimide Kapton films was studied. The adhesion of metallized films to Kapton films is approximately hundred-folds higher than that of coatings made by usual sputter deposition of a metal on a polymer substrate. Multiple cracking of a metallized film was observed. Cracks<br />of two different scale levels are observed. The cracks of the first type (microcracks) are short with 1-2 μm length. The cracks of the second type are much longer and have length of several hundreds microns. The cracks of this type appear at higher strains as compared with the shorter ones. In thinner 7-μm-thick samples<br />long cracks were not observed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Curtin, W. A. "Multiple matrix cracking in brittle matrix composites." Acta Metallurgica et Materialia 41, no. 5 (May 1993): 1369–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-7151(93)90246-o.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Panin, S. V., and R. V. Goldstein. "Sliding mode of multiple cracking of thin coatings." Physical Mesomechanics 10, no. 1-2 (January 2007): 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physme.2007.06.011.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Hsueh, C. H., and A. A. Wereszczak. "Multiple cracking of brittle coatings on strained substrates." Journal of Applied Physics 96, no. 6 (September 15, 2004): 3501–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1783613.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

KULLAA, J. "Micromechanics of multiple cracking Part I Fibre analysis." Journal of Materials Science 33, no. 16 (August 1998): 4213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1004429908600.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Sheinerman, A. G., and M. Yu Gutkin. "Multiple cracking in deformed laminated metal-graphene composites." Composite Structures 191 (May 2018): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.02.029.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Bao, G., and L. Wang. "Multiple cracking in functionally graded ceramic/metal coatings." International Journal of Solids and Structures 32, no. 19 (October 1995): 2853–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7683(94)00267-z.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Srinivasa, A. R., H. Y. Shin, P. Thamburaja, and J. N. Reddy. "Multiple cracking model in a 3D GraFEA framework." Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics 33, no. 4 (March 5, 2021): 1409–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00161-021-00987-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Sun, Fangtao, Seizo Tanaka, and Muneo Hori. "Large-Scale Numerical Simulation of an RC Tunnel Junction Member Using Particle Discretization Scheme FEM." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 09, no. 01 (March 2015): 1550001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431115500013.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper presents a large-scale numerical simulation of a reinforced concrete (RC) tunnel junction member using solid FEM. Particle discretization scheme (PDS), which uses two sets of non-overlapping characteristic functions to discretize displacement field and strain/stress field respectively, is employed to represent the multiple-cracking configurations of concrete. An efficient parallel FE program, called ADVENTURE, is used to implement PDS as well as a reformulated nonlinear concrete constitutive relation. A simplified tunnel junction member, in order to reveal its multiple-cracking behavior under the static load, is studied and the stochastic behavior of cracking is investigated; good agreements are achieved between the simulation results and experimental observations regarding the multiple cracking configurations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Li, Longbiao. "Effect of Cyclic Fatigue Loading on Matrix Multiple Fracture of Fiber-Reinforced Ceramic-Matrix Composites." Ceramics 2, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 327–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ceramics2020027.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, the effect of cyclic fatigue loading on matrix multiple fracture of fiber-reinforced ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs) is investigated using the critical matrix strain energy (CMSE) criterion. The relationships between multiple matrix cracking, cyclic fatigue peak stress, fiber/matrix interface wear, and debonding are established. The effects of fiber volume fraction, fiber/matrix interface shear stress, and applied cycle number on matrix multiple fracture and fiber/matrix interface debonding and interface wear are discussed. Comparisons of multiple matrix cracking with/without cyclic fatigue loading are analyzed. The experimental matrix cracking of unidirectional SiC/CAS, SiC/SiC, SiC/Borosilicate, and mini-SiC/SiC composites with/without cyclic fatigue loading are predicted.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Lee, Hosin (David), and Jungyong (Joe) Kim. "Development of a Crack Type Index." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1940, no. 1 (January 2005): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105194000112.

Full text

Abstract:

Many automated systems for crack analysis have been developed to measure the extent and severity of pavement cracking objectively. However, the accuracy of such an automated crack analysis system has not been satisfactory. This paper presents a crack type index (CTI) that can be easily adopted to determine the crack type objectively as longitudinal, transverse, and alligator cracking. The CTI is based on the spatial distribution of the image tiles rather than image pixels, where a tile is defined as a subimage of a whole digital image. The spatial distribution of image tiles is analyzed vertically and horizontally, with a resulting single index, which can be used to identify a spatial orientation of cracking. To determine the accurate CTI threshold values for longitudinal, transverse, and alligator cracks, 150 pavement images were captured with a digital video camera mounted on a sport-utility vehicle: 50 images for each of three types of cracking. These 150 images were analyzed automatically to compute the CTI values that correlate with crack types. To validate the CTI system, another 150 pavement images were captured. The CTI system identified 150 images as proper crack types with an 86% accuracy for alligator cracking, 92% accuracy for transverse cracking, and 94% accuracy for longitudinal cracking. The CTI system is further validated against images of block cracking and multiple cracks. The validation result against block cracking and multiple cracks indicates that the proposed CTI system in conjunction with UCI is robust and can be extended to identify block cracking and multiple cracks. The CTI method can be used to determine crack types from the digital images automatically without any human intervention.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Krishnamurthy, Saki, and Ivar Reimanis. "Multiple cracking in CrN and Cr2N films on brass." Surface and Coatings Technology 192, no. 2-3 (March 2005): 291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.06.025.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Hsueh, Chun-Hway. "Analyses of Multiple Film Cracking in Film/Substrate Systems." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 84, no. 12 (December 2001): 2955–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2001.tb01120.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Wang, B. L., and J. C. Han. "Multiple cracking of elastic coatings under transient thermal load." Archive of Applied Mechanics 75, no. 6-7 (February 15, 2006): 412–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00419-005-0437-y.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Kuo, Wen-Shyong, and Tsu-Wei Chou. "Multiple Cracking of Unidirectional and Cross-PlyCeramic Matrix Composites." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 78, no. 3 (March 1995): 745–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08242.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

KULLAA, J. "Micromechanics of multiple cracking Part II Statistical tensile behaviour." Journal of Materials Science 33, no. 16 (August 1998): 4225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1004481925438.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Ford, I. J. "Rupture of pressurised tubes by multiple cracking and fragmentation." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 57, no. 1 (January 1994): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-0161(94)90094-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Yeh, J. R. "The mechanics of multiple transverse cracking in composite laminates." International Journal of Solids and Structures 25, no. 12 (1989): 1445–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7683(89)90111-x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Nairn, John A., and Kim Sung-Ryong. "A fracture mechanics analysis of multiple cracking in coatings." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 42, no. 1 (May 1992): 195–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(92)90291-l.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Delyavs'kii, M. V. "Simulating cracking and failure in multilayer composites: Multiple failure." Soviet Materials Science 27, no. 3 (1992): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00729050.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Volynskii, A. L., S. Bazhenov, O. V. Lebedeva, A. N. Ozerin, and N. F. Bakeev. "Multiple cracking of rigid platinum film covering polymer substrate." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 72, no. 10 (June 6, 1999): 1267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19990606)72:10<1267::aid-app5>3.0.co;2-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Bissonnette, Benoît, Yves Therrien, Richard Pleau, Michel Pigeon, and François Saucier. "Les bétons renforcés de fibres d'acier et la multifissuration." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 27, no. 4 (August 1, 2000): 774–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l00-026.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper presents the results of an investigation aimed at establishing if multiple cracking can be an intrinsic property of steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) in the hardened state and identifying the conditions to obtain it systematically. For this purpose, uniaxial restrained shrinkage tests and tensile tests were performed on large-scale SFRC specimens. The parameters studied in the experimental program were the fibre content (0-100 kg/m3), the fibre geometry, and the water to cement ratio of the concrete matrix (w/c = 0.40-0.80). The test results tend to indicate that multiple cracking is not a property of SFRC as such, at least within the range of concrete matrices and fibre contents investigated and that were intended to be compatible with practical considerations. While it does not mean that fibre reinforcement is not effective in terms of crack control, it is important to be careful in the analysis of test results where the effect of the restraining and exposure conditions might have been significant.Key words: cracking, drying shrinkage, fibre-reinforced concrete, multiple cracking, repairs, restrained shrinkage, steel fibres, tension.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Nam, Sungyup, Seungho Jeon, and Jongsub Moon. "Generating Optimized Guessing Candidates toward Better Password Cracking from Multi-Dictionaries Using Relativistic GAN." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20 (October 19, 2020): 7306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10207306.

Full text

Abstract:

Despite their well-known weaknesses, passwords are still the de-facto authentication method for most online systems. Due to its importance, password cracking has been vibrantly researched both for offensive and defensive purposes. Hashcat and John the Ripper are the most popular cracking tools, allowing users to crack millions of passwords in a short time. However, their rule-based cracking has an explicit limitation of depending on password-cracking experts to come up with creative rules. To overcome this limitation, a recent trend has been to apply machine learning techniques to research on password cracking. For instance, state-of-the-art password guessing studies such as PassGAN and rPassGAN adopted a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) and used it to generate high-quality password guesses without knowledge of password structures. However, compared with the probabilistic context-free grammar (PCFG), rPassGAN shows inferior password cracking performance in some cases. It was also observed that each password cracker has its own cracking space that does not overlap with other models. This observation led us to realize that an optimized candidate dictionary can be made by combining the password candidates generated by multiple password generation models. In this paper, we suggest a deep learning-based approach called REDPACK that addresses the weakness of the cutting-edge cracking tools based on GAN. To this end, REDPACK combines multiple password candidate generator models in an effective way. Our approach uses the discriminator of rPassGAN as the password selector. Then, by collecting passwords selectively, our model achieves a more realistic password candidate dictionary. Also, REDPACK improves password cracking performance by incorporating both the generator and the discriminator of GAN. We evaluated our system on various datasets with password candidates composed of symbols, digits, upper and lowercase letters. The results clearly show that our approach outperforms all existing approaches, including rule-based Hashcat, GAN-based PassGAN, and probability-based PCFG. The proposed model was also able to reduce the number of password candidates by up to 65%, with only 20% cracking performance loss compared to the union set of passwords cracked by multiple-generation models.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Borino, Guido, and Francesco Parrinello. "Multiple Surface Cracking and Debonding Failure for Thin Thermal Coatings." Procedia Structural Integrity 18 (2019): 866–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2019.08.237.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Kanda, Tetsushi, and Victor C. Li. "Multiple Cracking Sequence and Saturation in Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites." Concrete Research and Technology 9, no. 2 (1998): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3151/crt1990.9.2_19.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Johnson, WS, JE Masters, PA Lagace, J. Varna, and L. Berglund. "Multiple Transverse Cracking and Stiffness Reduction in Cross-Ply Laminates." Journal of Composites Technology and Research 13, no. 2 (1991): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/ctr10213j.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Wang, B. L., and J. C. Han. "Multiple surface cracking of elastic coatings subjected to dynamic load." Mechanics of Materials 39, no. 5 (May 2007): 445–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2006.07.001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Li, Victor C., and Christopher K. Y. Leung. "Steady‐State and Multiple Cracking of Short Random Fiber Composites." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 118, no. 11 (November 1992): 2246–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(1992)118:11(2246).

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Akkaya, Yilmaz, Surendra P. Shah, and Bruce Ankenman. "Effect of Fiber Dispersion on Multiple Cracking of Cement Composites." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 127, no. 4 (April 2001): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(2001)127:4(311).

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Lawrence, Garth M. "Multiple cracking and leakage of a hot synthesis gas pipe." Plant/Operations Progress 5, no. 3 (July 1986): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prsb.720050312.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Gasem, Zuhair M. "Cracking in a multiple gas-nitrided H13 aluminum extrusion mandrel." Engineering Failure Analysis 31 (July 2013): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2013.01.014.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Wang, B. L., Y. G. Sun, and H. Y. Zhang. "Multiple cracking of fiber/matrix composites—Analysis of normal extension." International Journal of Solids and Structures 45, no. 14-15 (July 2008): 4032–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2008.02.026.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Sulym, H. T., O. P. Yasnii, and Ya M. Pasternak. "Modeling of Multiple Cracking Under the Conditions of Thermomechanical Fatigue." Materials Science 51, no. 6 (May 2016): 765–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11003-016-9901-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

METCALF, JOHN G., WILLARD P. MOHR, and ANDRES A. REYES. "EARLIBRIGHT, AN EARLY PROCESSING TOMATO." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 66, no. 2 (April 1, 1986): 417–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps86-058.

Full text

Abstract:

Earlibright is an early, multiple hand-picked, dark crimson colored tomato suitable for the whole-pack and juice industry. It is resistant to blossom end rot, fruit cracking, and sun bleaching.Key words: Lycopersicon esculentum, blossom end rot, fruit cracking, sun bleaching, ethephon

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Zheng, Xuan, Jun Zhang, and Zhenbo Wang. "Effect of multiple matrix cracking on crack bridging of fiber reinforced engineered cementitious composite." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 26 (May 4, 2020): 3949–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998320923145.

Full text

Abstract:

In the present paper, a modified micromechanics based model that describes the crack bridging stress in randomly oriented discontinuous fiber reinforced engineered cementitious composite is developed. In the model, effect of multiple matrix cracking on fiber embedded length, which in turn influencing fiber bridging in the composite, is taken into consideration. First, crack spacing of high strength-low shrinkage engineered cementitious composite was experimentally determined by photographing the specimen surface at some given loading points during uniaxial tensile test. The diagram of average cracking spacing and loading time of each composite is obtained based on above data. Then, fiber bridging model is modified by introducing a revised fiber embedment length as a function of crack spacing. The model is verified with uniaxial tensile test on both tensile strength and crack opening. Good agreement between model and test results is obtained. The modified model can be used in design and prediction of tensile properties of fiber reinforced cementitious composites with characteristics of multiple matrix cracking.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Lopez-Zaplana, Alvaro, Gloria Bárzana, Agatha Agudelo, and Micaela Carvajal. "Foliar Mineral Treatments for The Reduction of Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Fruit Cracking." Agronomy 10, no. 11 (November 19, 2020): 1815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111815.

Full text

Abstract:

Fruit cracking affects many types of crops and is a major problem since the breakage of the surface of the fruit produces high economic losses. Numerous studies have looked at different ways to prevent this, mainly in melon, but with a low success rate. In this work, a standardisation of the induction of cracking is proposed that involves changes in the irrigation pattern (high conductivity or double irrigation). The prevention of the appearance of cracking was carried out through different foliar mineral treatments. The incidence of cracking was studied in relation to gas exchange variables and the concentrations of minerals in tissues. Our results show a more pronounced increase in cracking with double irrigation. Multiple elements were found to be associated with cracking such as B, Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, and Zn. Furthermore, foliar application of different microelements (B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, and Zn) decreased the melon cracking incidence, thus assigning to the appropriate combination of these elements a crucial role in cracking amelioration.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Wehtje, Glenn, John A. McGuire, Robert H. Walker, and Michael G. Patterson. "Texas Panicum (Panicum texanum) Control in Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) with Paraquat." Weed Science 34, no. 2 (March 1986): 308–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004317450006687x.

Full text

Abstract:

Paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) was applied to peanuts (Arachis hypogaeaL. ‘Florunner’) for Texas panicum (Panicum texanumBuckl. # PANTE) control at 0.07, 0.14, and 0.28 kg ai/ha under five application schedules; a single application at 0, 1, 3, or 5 weeks after ground cracking, or multiple applications at 1 + 5 weeks or 1 + 3 + 5 weeks after ground cracking. Peanuts were planted at two different times (normal and late). A herbicide application at the third week (normal planting), or the third or fifth week after ground cracking (late planting) provided acceptable Texas panicum control. Control generally increased with rate. However, increasing paraquat rates with single applications on late-planted peanuts or multiple applications to normal- and late-planted peanuts tended to reduce yield and grade. A single application of 0.07 or 0.14 kg/ha applied the third week after ground cracking consistently provided the best balance between Texas panicum control and crop safety.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Qin, Qin. "Analysis on Causes of Crack in Multiple-Arch Tunnel." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 3072–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.3072.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper present a numerical simulation on multiple-arch tunnel crack, Analyzes the reason of multiple-arch tunnel cracking, summarizes the crack formation mechanism of multiple-arch tunnel and the influence factors of cracks, then some attention should be paid in multiple-arch tunnel design and construction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Yan, Zhi-guo, Yao Zhang, J. Woody Ju, Qing Chen, and He-hua Zhu. "An equivalent elastoplastic damage model based on micromechanics for hybrid fiber-reinforced composites under uniaxial tension." International Journal of Damage Mechanics 28, no. 1 (December 13, 2017): 79–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1056789517744425.

Full text

Abstract:

A micromechanics-based equivalent elastoplastic damage model for both notch-sensitive and multiple cracking hybrid fiber reinforced composite is proposed in this study. In this model, the elastic modulus, first cracking strength, and ultimate strength are estimated based on micromechanics. To quantify strain after matrix cracks, a novel characteristic length is defined based on the damage mechanics. The effects of the fiber length, diameter and modulus, and interfacial bond stress on the characteristic length of hybrid fiber reinforced composite are presented. In order to avoid the difficulty of determining the traditional damage and plastic potential function, this model is developed from the behavior of single fiber at mesolevel to the response of hybrid fiber reinforced composite at macrolevel. Then the calculated results are verified with several published experimental results of fiber reinforced composites and hybrid fiber reinforced composite, including notch-sensitive cracking fiber reinforced composite, multiple cracking fiber reinforced composite, and multiple cracking hybrid fiber reinforced composite reinforced with two types of fibers (steel fiber and polyethylene fiber). A parametric study has been performed to investigate the effects of the fiber properties, including the fiber volume fraction, length, diameter, and interfacial bond stress, on the tensile performance of hybrid fiber reinforced composite reinforced with steel fiber-like and polyethylene fiber-like fibers. The results indicate that enhancement of the tensile performance can be achieved more effectively by improving the polyethylene fiber-like fiber than steel fiber-like fiber.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Qiu, Shi, Wenjuan Wang, and Kelvin C. P. Wang. "A comprehensive system for AASHTO PP67-10 based asphalt surfaced pavement cracking evaluation." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 43, no. 3 (March 2016): 260–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2014-0519.

Full text

Abstract:

In light of the newly released AASHTO cracking protocol PP67-10 and high quality cracking data produced from a novel 3D 1 mm pavement data collection and automated analysis system, this paper develops an index system for overall cracking evaluation. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is employed to establish a general framework and fuzzy set theory is adopted to convert actual severity and intensity measures into normalized scores. Multiple data combination techniques are applied for data aggregation. The ultimate product of this system, a single number cracking index representing the overall cracking condition, can be used to rank pavements and prioritize crack-oriented maintenance and rehabilitation projects. Furthermore, cracking indices for different pavement zones can also be derived from the system, which would be significant to examine the pavement failure mechanism. A case study containing 10 pavement sections is performed to demonstrate the applicability of this proposed evaluation system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Im, Soohyok, and Fujie Zhou. "New and Simpler Cracking Test Method for Asphalt Mix Designs." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2631, no. 1 (January 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2631-01.

Full text

Abstract:

Because of environmental conservation and sustainability concerns, reclaimed asphalt pavements and recycled asphalt shingles are increasingly used in the asphalt paving industry to replace virgin asphalt and aggregate materials. However, these recycled materials are often highly aged and can cause cracking issues for asphalt pavements. Additionally, other factors such as binder additives, modifiers, and multiple warm-mix asphalt technologies can alter the performance of the mixtures both positively and negatively. The volumetric mix design alone is not sufficient for evaluating the potential cracking behavior of asphalt mixes. Although many cracking test methods are available, there is no widely accepted performance-related cracking test method that is practical enough for routine use in asphalt mix designs. This paper presents a newly developed, simple, and practical cracking test method for asphalt mix designs. The new cracking test method is repeatable, time- and cost-effective, easily implemented, sensitive to mix compositions, and well correlated to field performance. The new cracking test is performed at an intermediate temperature of 25°C and a loading rate of 50 mm/min. Furthermore, a unitless index is proposed as the cracking resistance indicator for evaluation of the cracking resistance of asphalt mixes. Additionally, the effectiveness of the new cracking test was validated with the test results from FHWA’s accelerated loading facility.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Ben-Kahla, H., and Janis Varna. "Characterization and Modelling of Multiple Intralaminar Cracking Initiation under Tensile Quasi-Static and Fatigue Loading." Key Engineering Materials 774 (August 2018): 467–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.774.467.

Full text

Abstract:

The first failure mode in tensile quasi-static and in tension-tension fatigue (cyclic) loading of composite laminates is intralaminar cracking in layers with off-axis fiber orientation. These tunnel-building cracks are result of combined action of in-plane transverse and shear stresses. We assume that due to non-uniform fiber distribution (clustering) which leads to local stress concentrations, different positions in the layer have different resistance to crack initiation (initiation strength). If so, the weakest position in quasi-static loading is also the weakest in fatigue and some of the distribution parameters for fatigue behavior can be obtained in quasi-static tests, thus significantly reducing the number of required fatigue tests. Methodology is suggested and validated for cases when the cracking is initiation governed-initiated crack almost instantly propagates along fibers. Distribution parameters are identified using data in low crack density region where stress perturbations from cracks do not interact. Monte-Carlo simulations are performed for cracking in layers under quasi-static and cyclic loading using novel approach for computationally efficient stress state calculation between existing cracks.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Cai, Xin Hua, Zhen He, and Shi Lang Xu. "Effectiveness of UHTCC to Retard Cover Expansive Cracking Due to Corrosion of Rebar in RC Structure." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 5694–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.5694.

Full text

Abstract:

Ultra high toughness cementitious composite (UHTCC) shows a unique characteristic of limit the crack width with multiple fine cracks whether it is subjected to tensile load or bending load. The failure pattern of UHTCC exhibits saturated multiple fine cracks, so the durability of structures will be improved markedly by utilizing UHTCC partly or entirely instead of concrete. In this study, considering the tensile strain capacity of UHTCC, a formula for calculating the critical rebar corrosion ratio when the UHTCC cover cracking due to rebar corrosion through the theory of plasticity and cylindrical cavity expansion theory. The effectiveness of UHTCC for restraining the cover cracking due to rebar corrosion has been proved by a calculated example. The influences on critical rebar corrosion when the UHTCC cover cracking due to rebar corrosion have been analyzed. The analytical results showed that UHTCC could effectively retard the cover expansive cracking due to corrosion of reinforcing bars, and prolong the service life of concrete structures subjected to the environment being at risk of corrosion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Byrd, Dani, and Jelena Krivokapić. "Cracking Prosody in Articulatory Phonology." Annual Review of Linguistics 7, no. 1 (January 14, 2021): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-030920-050033.

Full text

Abstract:

Articulatory Phonology advances an account of phonological structure in which dynamically defined vocal tract tasks—gestures—are simultaneously and isomorphically units of cognitive representation and units of physical action. This paradigm has fundamentally altered our understanding of the linguistic representation of words. This article reviews the relatively recent incorporation of prosody into Articulatory Phonology. A capsule review of the Articulatory Phonology theoretical framework is presented, and the notions of phrasal and prominence organization are introduced as the key aspects of linguistic prosodic structure under consideration. Parameter dynamics, activation dynamics, and prosodic modulation gestures, such as the π-gesture, are outlined. The review is extended to touch on rhythm, intonation, and pauses and to consider innovations for integrating multiple aspects of prosodic structure under this dynamical approach. Finally, a range of questions emerges, crystallizing outstanding issues ranging from the abstract and theoretical to the interactive and functional.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!