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1
Echeverri, Daniel. "Sincerely Yours: Orchestrating Tangible Interactive Narrative Experiences." Cubic Journal, no. 3 (November 2020): 202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31182/cubic.2020.3.032.
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This paper briefly reflects on two aspects of narrative: the use of multimodal analysis to understand the relationships between the senses and the narrative, as well as digital and physical content, and the implications brought from this analytical perspective on the design of interactive narratives. The latter, in particular, concerns narratives that involve tangible interaction and physical manipulation of objects. The creative process of Letters to José, a physical-digital hybrid nonfiction narrative, exemplifies this reflection. In this narrative, the person interacting with the story takes upon multiple roles, among them performatively enacting the story and unfolding the narrative through different mechanics of play.
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Sternichuk, V., Yu Litkovych, and L. Pasyk. "THE FIRST PERSON NARRATIVE AND ITS MULTIPLE NATURE IN THE TEXTS OF UWE JOHNSON." International Humanitarian University Herald. Philology 3, no. 48 (2021): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32841/2409-1154.2021.48-3.8.
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Cho, Sook Whan, and Hyun Jin Hwangbo. "Multiple constraints and the resolution of Korean null subject anaphor." Korean Linguistics 15, no. 1 (May 24, 2013): 50–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/kl.15.1.03cho.
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This study investigates how Korean adults interpret and identify the referent of a null subject in a narrative text, given different types of topic continuity and person features. We have found that the first-person feature was most accessible in the weak topicality condition in resolving the null subjects, and that the target sentences ending with the first-person modal suffix ‘-lay’ were read and responded to faster, and interpreted more correctly than other types of stimuli involving a third-person modal (‘-tay’) and a person-neutral modal (‘-e’). Furthermore, of the two first-person-specific featured types, the null subjects in the topically weak contexts were processed significantly better than those in the topically strong conditions. It was argued that anaphoric dependency would be formed more discursively than morpho-syntactically in the strong discourse continuity contexts involving no extra processing load due to the shift among multiple eligible candidates. It was also argued that, in the absence of discourse topic assigned strongly to more than one eligible referent in advance, morpho-syntactic cues involved in verb modality are likely to become prominent in the mind of the processor. It is concluded that these main findings support a constraint-based approach, but not the Centering-inspired work.
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Tynan, Avril. "Mind the Gap." Journal of Literary & Cultural Disability Studies 14, no. 3 (August 1, 2020): 353–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jlcds.2020.22.
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The “narrative turn” in biomedical discourses has dominated twenty-first-century medical humanities, pursuing the premise that narratives of illness, including patient and literary narratives, contribute toward our understanding of illness because they encourage us to reflect upon lived reality and even to imagine events and experiences with which we may be grossly unfamiliar (Charon et al.; Charon; Oyebode; Halpern; Altschuler). However, an emerging critical approach to the medical and health humanities challenges the assumption that narrative is incontestably and straightforwardly valuable for understanding illness. Following the work of Ahmed, Keen, Bishop, Jurecic, Whitehead and Woods, and Whitehead, the article suggests that narrative fiction may not cultivate empathy for another person, but may draw attention to the limitations of understanding another’s experience by encouraging us to look out for, and even to imagine, the multiple ways in which we experience the world differently to others. With a focus on the experience of dementia-related diseases—including Alzheimer’s disease—in B. S. Johnson’s House Mother Normal, the article shows that metafiction may not help us to empathize with others so much as it may problematize our ability to empathize in ways that are ethically valuable for an understanding of subjectivity, illness, and experience.
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Bobick, Aaron F., Stephen S. Intille, James W. Davis, Freedom Baird, Claudio S. Pinhanez, Lee W. Campbell, Yuri A. Ivanov, Arjan Schütte, and Andrew Wilson. "The KidsRoom: A Perceptually-Based Interactive and Immersive Story Environment." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 8, no. 4 (August 1999): 369–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105474699566297.
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The KidsRoom is a perceptually-based, interactive, narrative playspace for children. Images, music, narration, light, and sound effects are used to transform a normal child's bedroom into a fantasy land where children are guided through a reactive adventure story. The fully automated system was designed with the following goals: (1) to keep the focus of user action and interaction in the physical and not virtual space; (2) to permit multiple, collaborating people to simultaneously engage in an interactive experience combining both real and virtual objects; (3) to use computer-vision algorithms to identify activity in the space without requiring the participants to wear any special clothing or devices; (4) to use narrative to constrain the perceptual recognition, and to use perceptual recognition to allow participants to drive the narrative; and (5) to create a truly immersive and interactive room environment. We believe the KidsRoom is the first multi-person, fully-automated, interactive, narrative environment ever constructed using non-encumbering sensors. This paper describes the KidsRoom, the technology that makes it work, and the issues that were raised during the system's development. 1 1 A demonstration of the project, which complements the material presented here and includes videos, images, and sounds from each part of the story is available at .
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Bartoszyńska, Katarzyna. "Two Paths for the Big Book: Olga Tokarczuk's Shifting Voice." Genre 54, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 67–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00166928-8911511.
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This essay argues for the power of free indirect discourse in the third-person narrative perspective to serve as a collective voice, encompassing a diversity of perspectives, through a reading of two novels by Olga Tokarczuk, Bieguni (Flights) and Księgi Jakubowe (Books of Jacob). Both novels investigate the challenges inherent in the project of providing an image of the world, and alongside various interventions on the level of content, each examines the kind of world-image that different approaches to narrative voice can produce. In Flights, the narrator's striving to arrive at a more expansive and synthetic knowledge of the world is accompanied by an effort to go beyond the first-person voice, to a broader perspective. The novel subtly demonstrates the impossibility of such efforts, but, the essay argues, Books of Jacob continues this project, albeit from the opposite direction, examining the affordances of the third-person voice. Its innovative use of free indirect discourse produces a perspective that, while appearing to be a single voice, contains multiple, contradictory points of view.
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Hovey, Richard B., Valerie Curro Khayat, and Eugene Feig. "Listening to and letting pain speak: poetic reflections." British Journal of Pain 12, no. 2 (November 3, 2017): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2049463717741146.
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The humanities invite opportunities for people to describe through their metaphors, symbols and language a means in which to interpret their pain and reinterpret their new lived experiences. The patient and family all live with pain and can only use their pain narratives of that experience to confront or even to begin to understand the quantifiable discipline of medicine. The patient and family narratives act to retain meaning within a lived pained experience. These narratives add meaning to the person as a stay against only having a clinical–pathological understanding of what is happening to our body and as a person. We need to understand the pathology pain while also being mindful of suffering. In this article, the theoretical and scientific approach to pain research and clinical practice intersects with the philosophical, ontological and reflective lived experience of the person living with pain. Through unique pain narratives, poetry and stories as a means of offering empathy and understanding as healing, the humanities in medicine bring into meaning another kind of therapy equal to the evidence-based medicine clinicians and researchers use to seek a cure. In this way, the medical humanities are addressing the person’s healing through the reduction of suffering and isolation by letting pain speak while others can focus in on their medical knowledge/practice and research while ‘finding’ a cure. Listening to pain opens-up to the possibility that much can be learned through multiple expressions of the pain narrative. This article provides an invitation to learn how we might articulate and listen to pain carefully and differently.
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Buskirk, Emily Van. "Recovering the Past for the Future: Guilt, Memory, and Lidiia Ginzburg's Notes of a Blockade Person." Slavic Review 69, no. 2 (2010): 281–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003767790001500x.
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In this article, Emily Van Buskirk uses archival manuscripts to peel back layers of Lidiia Ginzburg's palimpsestic Notes of a Blockade Person. She finds in Notes the fragmentary, distanced, and carefully contained traces of Ginzburg's “A Story of Pity and Cruelty,” an intense narrative about guilt and remorse. Relying on Ginzburg's own scholarship, Van Buskirk argues that the author's transformations of experience across multiple texts were inspired by Aleksandr Herzen. Herzen provided a model for developing—out of a family tragedy, personal failure, guilt, and remorse—an elevated memoir that would serve history. Yet Ginzburg's notion of character, her ethics, and her documentary aesthetic were born of a different era and gave rise to different kinds of narratives, written in the third person about a slighdy generalized other, in a single situation. In Ginzburg's attempts to represent the typical Leningrad intellectual's blockade experiences there are tensions (characteristic of documentary literature) between desires for universality and specificity. Self-examination battles against self-exposure, while a commitment to literature of fact withstands an aversion to autobiography.
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Muchiri, Joseph, Helen Mberia, and Ryoidah Nyambane. "Narrative Persuasion: Moderating effects of character identification on relationship between message format and intention to screen for cervical cancer among women in agricultural sector in Kiambu County, Kenya." Journal of Development and Communication Studies 8, no. 1 (March 10, 2021): 164–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jdcs.v8i1.8.
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There is evidence that use of narrative messages is effective in the context of health behavior change. There is however no explanation as to what aspect of narrative leads to high level of persuasion. We evaluated the moderating effects of character identification on the three elements of narrative message (narrative message frame, narrative rationality and narrator’s perspective) in regard to the uptake of cervical cancer screening among women in the agricultural sector in Kiambu county, Kenya. A randomised experimental design was used. Narrative Message frame (gain frame vs. loss frame), narrative perspective (first vs third person), and narrative rationality, were manipulated. The messages were presented via a brief narrative video on cervical cancer and cervical screening. A uniform pretest questionnaire on cervical cancer and cervical cancer screening (T1) was completed by respondents before watching a narrative video. After watching a narrative video on cervical cancer screening, participants responded to the post test questionnaire (T2). Data from 378 (100 per cent) respondents for the pretest and 344 (91 per cent) for posttest was analysed and included in the study findings for the baseline and posttest respectively. Multiple hierarchical regression analysis was used. The study found that the majority of respondents were aged above 41 years of age at 32 per cent majority 249 (65.9 per cent) of the respondents were married, and majority 210 (55 per cent) of the respondents had 1 to 3 children followed by 4 to 5 at 91 (24 per cent). After running multiple hierarchical regression analysis, the study found that identification with story character moderated for all the independent variables. The study concluded that while using narrative messages to promote health behaviour, use of story characters which the target audience can identify with, may help in increasing adoption of advocated health behaviour.
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Chaves, Monica, Natália Mota, Sidarta Ribeiro, Mario Copelli, and Cilene Rodrigues. "M190. USE OF NULL PRONOUNS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa030.502.
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Abstract Background Schizophrenic speech show consistent disturbances in referentiality, which, from a communicative standpoint, manifest as incoherent speech. Referential failures are especially detected in the usage of pronouns. Literature reports that schizophrenics either use more pronouns without clear reference or more semantically rich anaphors than pronouns. Additionally, it is reported that psychosis language in the context of schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorder and bipolar disorder present more first-person pronouns; within individuals at high genetic risk of schizophrenia those who subsequently developed schizophrenia produced significantly more second-person pronouns than those who did not manifest the illness; and individuals with diagnosis of primary psychotic disorder increased their usage of pronouns, including first-person and second-person pronouns during the period prior to a relapse hospitalization. The abnormalities observed in the use pronouns suggest that schizophrenic patients have semantic-pragmatic issues. There are not many experimental studies devoted to pronouns in schizophrenia, and, according to our current knowledge, none of the existent ones focuses on pronouns without phonological content (null pronouns). In order to fulfill this gap, we present here an investigation of null pronouns in dream narratives produced by Brazilian schizophrenia patients. Methods Dream narratives from 20 schizophrenics and 20 control subjects, all native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese, were screened for null subject pronouns. Participants were prompt to talk by the command: “please report a recent dream”. Each narrative sample was then transcribed, and the occurrence of subject null pronouns were annotated, together with its morphosyntactic features (person & number) and referential status (referential vs. non-referential/expletives). The number of overt and null (with and without phonological content respectively) pronouns in subject position were converted into ratios by dividing the number of occurrences of each pronoun type (overt and null) by the total number of words in the narrative. Next, overt and null pronouns were compared within and between groups. Results T-test comparison showed that the schizophrenia group produced significantly more null pronouns than control group (t(25.126) = 3.919; p = .001); and, that null pronouns were significantly more produced than overt pronouns in the schizophrenia group (t(38) = 3.242; p = .002). Multiple regression showed that total of null pronouns differentiate schizophrenia from control group (F(1,38) = 15.357, p = .001, R2 = .288). In addition, analysis of null pronoun differences between groups based on morphosyntactic features and referential status, showed that schizophrenics used significantly more null pronouns with third-person singular features (t(27.523) =2.699; p =.012) and non-referential pronouns (expletives) (t(23.608) = 2.808; p = 0,010) than control group. Discussion A closer look at third-person null pronouns in the schizophrenic narratives showed that these pronouns are quite often loose in terms of reference: of the total occurrences of third-person null pronouns in schizophrenia approximately 30% are without clear referent. In accordance, null expletives, which are empty of reference, are overused to the point of explaining group differences. This corroborates that schizophrenic speech has a reduced semantic-pragmatic load, with a general difficulty in using pronouns within a contextually framed discourse.
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Wilson Harris, Helen, Jennifer R. Hale, Beth Oldham, and Caitlin Powell. "Four Narratives and a Baby: An Adoption Reunion Story." Social Work & Christianity 46, no. 2 (April 20, 2019): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.34043/swc.v46i2.75.
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In 1992, a 19-year-old single mother of one made the decision to place her second child, a newborn, for adoption. This qualitative exploration of adoption issues is written, in part, in first person by the authors: the birthmother, the daughter she raised, the daughter she placed, and the adoptive mother. The article explores adoption reunion, adoption literature, and a scriptural adoption narrative for themes and for recommendations. The authors address negative stereotypes around adoption, the common theme of loss in all parties, and the potential for healing in reunion through life stage changes, including marriage and the next generation. This is a unique opportunity to hear the multiple voices of adoption in one narrative.
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Harrison, Annette R. "Representing the ideal self." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 21, no. 2 (June 1, 2011): 191–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.21.2.02har.
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This study applies the concepts of frames and performance roles (Bauman and Briggs 1990; Bauman 1993; Goffman 1974) to represented speech in personal narratives of speakers of Fulfulde, a Niger-Congo language of the (West) Atlantic group. Contextualization cues such as verbal suffixes indicating voice and aspect, person reference and references to states of knowledge index the frame of interaction between storyteller and audience, the frame of the narrated story, and an enacted frame that recontextualizes events within the story world. These cues also signal performance roles within the frame, such as the addressing self, the principal and the animator. The multiple frames and performance roles indexed by represented speech allow the speaker to represent past and present selves, and more importantly, to make an implicit comparison between the states of knowledge at various points in time in the performance of the narrative. In this way, the speaker distributes responsibility, blame and praise across multiple depictions of the self such that the one most accessible to the audience is portrayed as a superior representation of cultural ideals.
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Ramadhani, Widya, Maurita Harris, and Wendy Rogers. "The Intersectionality of Person, Space, and Time for Understanding Aging in Place." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1409.
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Abstract Aging in place is interpreted differently across times and disciplines in the literature. Multiple interpretations of aging in place can lead to differences in expectations and goals when planning products, services, and technologies for older adults. We conducted a historical review across databases in the fields of anthropology, architecture, gerontol-ogy, medicine, psychology, and sociology to explore the evolution of ‘aging in place’ term across time and disciplines. We included articles that used the terminology “aging in place” or “ageing in place” in titles, abstracts, keywords, or subject. From the aging in place definition excerpts collected, we identified the preliminary themes and grouped them into three main themes: people, space, and time. Although the narrative of aging in place is highly related to living spaces, the cause and influencing factors are tied beyond the space. Person and time-related factors that are related to the aging experience im-pact the way aging in place is defined. When designing products, services, and technolo-gies to support successful aging in place, designers, researchers, policymakers, and care-givers should be aware that aging in place is at the intersection of personal, spatial, and temporal elements of older adults’ lives. Based on the multiple perspectives of disci-plines, we concluded that aging in place is beyond the matter of location, but also takes into account the person’s capacity and the changes over the person’s lifespan. Founda-tional understanding of the multiple factors that influence aging in place is critical to support older adults to have a healthy and optimal aging experience.
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Köber, C., and T. Habermas. "A longitudinal study of global coherence in life narratives from age 8 to 70." European Psychiatry 28, S2 (November 2013): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2013.09.109.
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When telling the own life story the individual is challenged to construct a coherent narrative, which is a cognitive and narrative performance. Not only the listener, but also the narrator wants to bring the multiple single events of his life into a coherent organization in order to demonstrate the own biographical development and to justify how one has become the person the one is at present. In a longitudinal study a total of 531 life narratives were collected in three waves. Since 2003 the participants of six age groups (presently 16, 20, 24, 28, 44 and 70 years old, 145 participants) told us their life stories every four years. We studied the development of global coherence of life narratives over almost the entire lifespan (8-70 years) by coding linguistic indicators at the level of propositions, by rating the global impression of listeners, by analyzing in terms of how well-formed the beginnings and endings of the life stories are and whether they follow a linear temporal order. The findings of the third wave replicate prior cross-sectional findings on development of global coherence in life narratives across adolescence and confirm them longitudinally. Temporal coherence is developed by midadolescence. By the age of 12, the majority of life narratives began with birth, ended in the present and followed mainly a linear temporal order. Regarding the overarching linear temporal macrostructure, it turned out that from age 20 on, the use of well-formed beginnings and endings and the maintenance of a comprehensible linear temporal order were well established. Causal-motivational coherence is developed by young adulthood and thematic coherence only in mid-adulthood.
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Zasiekina, Larysa. "Trauma, Rememory and Language in Holodomor Survivors’ Narratives." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 27, no. 1 (April 16, 2020): 80–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2020-27-1-80-94.
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The objective of the research is to examine language use in Holodomor survivors ‘narratives as psycholinguistic markers of mental trauma and PTSD. The specific objective is to explore rememory as a cognitive strategy of releasing suppressed traumatic events.
Materials & Methods. 42 survivors of the Holodomor of 1932–1933 in Ukraine were recruited for producing a traumatic narrative. The inclusion criterion for participants was their personal history of being Holodomor survivors. Holodomor survivor is defined as a person who was exposed to the genocide and unprecedented starvation in 1932–1933. The study took place in 2003–2005, average age of participants is 84.5, SD = 4.8, 29 females and 13 males. The study applies LIWC (Linguistic Inventory Word Count) to analyze the traumatic narratives and captures linguistic units and the psychological meaningful categories. The study applies the exploratory design utilizing the independent variables of categories of time, I and cognitive processes and dependent variable of word count in a traumatic narrative for multiple regression analysis, SPSS. 26. Results. The main issue that emerges from the findings is that categories of I, time, and cognitive processes taken together contribute to word count. However, only categories of time (positive predictor) and cognitive processes (negative predictor) are independent significant predictors of word count. Therefore, we can assume that a poor reappraisal of traumatic events and overestimation of time in the rememory of traumatic narratives indicate PTSD symptoms in Holodomor survivors.
Conclusions. Rememory as a cognitive strategy has a positive impact on developing collective identity and filling gaps in the Ukrainian history, however, it does not affect the therapeutic effect in treating PTSD.
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Townsend, Thomas. "A Groundhog Moment: Examination of a Pivotal Emotional Singularity." Qualitative Inquiry 25, no. 2 (January 4, 2018): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077800417750678.
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In this article, the author dissects and refracts a single, defining moment in his life using autoethnography and the lenses of specific communication and social theories. The author mines the moment in first, second, and third person to uncover the different responses to overwhelming emotions ranging from the noble to the shameful in response to his father’s “coming out of the closet.” A torrent of emotion took the author by surprise and is the total moment of his analysis in this article. The author scrutinizes the multiple ways in which this moment was a release, a turning point, an ending, a beginning, bittersweet, hateful and hate filled, selfish, guilt ridden, and loving. Through multiple retellings of the event, like the film Groundhog Day, the author presents the moment in different narrative formats, from multiple perspectives, with relevant quotations and passages to thoroughly dissect the emotional layers.
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Garafola, Lynn. "Crafted by Many Hands: Re-Reading Bronislava Nijinska's Early Memoirs." Dance Research 29, no. 1 (May 2011): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/drs.2011.0002.
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In 1981 Bronislava Nijinska's Early Memoirs, the last autobiography by a major figure in Diaghilev's Ballets Russes, was published to near universal acclaim. However, as the choreographer's notes, drafts, and early autobiographical manuscripts make clear, Early Memoirs is a composite work, crafted by multiple hands and harbouring within itself alternative and even contradictory readings of the dominant story. In a field that privileges first-person testimony, the composite nature of most dance autobiographies is highly problematic, at once undermining their narrative authority and forcing recognition of what might be called their multivocality. Early Memoirs, like other volumes of dance autobiography, belongs both to Nijinska and to her interpreters, even if their interests do not always coincide.
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S.W. Ng, Eddy. "Relative deprivation, self-interest and social justice: why I do research on in-equality." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 33, no. 5 (June 10, 2014): 429–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-07-2013-0055.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to offer an insight into why men do research on in-equality. Design/methodology/approach – The author utilizes autoethnography, as a form of self-reflection, to help make sense of the own experiences and to connect it with the broader world. It is a narrative based on personal experiences which connects the author's biography with his research endeavours. It also enables to engage in self-analysis and self-awareness of the motives for conducting research on in-equality. Findings – In this narrative, the author shares his journey as an equality scholar, and how his multiple identities as a visible minority, an immigrant to Canada, and a gay person shapes my worldview, attitudes, and beliefs, which in turn influences his own work on equality and diversity. The narrative is based on the intersection of multiple identities, and not just solely based on the author's gender. The attribute feeling deprived on behalf of others, rational self-interest, and social justice as the chief reasons for engaging in in-equality research. Research limitations/implications – Autoethnography is inherently subjective, based upon the author's own biases and interpretation of events, but the subjectivity can also be an opportunity for intentional self-awareness and reflexivity. Given the multiple identities that the author holds, some of the experiences recounted here may be unique to the author, and some may be shared with others. Thus, it is not the author's intention to represent, in general, why men do in-equality research. Originality/value – This autoethnography has allowed the author the opportunity to be self-aware of the complexity of the multiple identities. This self-awareness also allows the author to be more respectful, authentic, and inclusive of others. The author hopes that these reflections will resonate with some of you, and perhaps inspire one to engage in similar work, for reasons that are unique to one and all.
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Mrak, Anja. "“You are the victims, not the perpetrators”: Narrating Violence and Trauma in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things." Ars & Humanitas 12, no. 1 (July 20, 2018): 244–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ah.12.1.244-257.
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In her 1997 novel The God of Small Things, Arundhati Roy confronts the problem of caste violence, inextricably bound up with other practices of social domination such as patriarchy, racism, colonialism and neocolonialism, through a complex narrative structure. The conventional story about a tragic love between a woman from a higher caste and a member of the untouchables skilfully evades cliché patterns by employing eccentric focalisers, as we experience most of the story through the lenses of multiple-person narrators, twin brother and sister, Rahel and Estha, magical realism, and a disjointed narrative full of prolepses and analepses which subtly renders traumatic memories. The novel is structured as a prototypical trauma narrative and stages a confrontation with an unresolved traumatic event from which Rahel and Estha have been recovering since childhood. Roy deftly transposes the dualism of caste purity and impurity onto the narrative structure. The narrative is caught within a duality (symbolised already by the twins) and a perpetual repetition which represents not only the eternal return of trauma but also the constant tension which derives from the hegemony of the caste system and the violence it produces. The biopolitics of social mechanisms and structures which disciplines the individual’s body, controls his actions, rectifies and sanctions transgressions is at the heart of the novel. It raises the individual into obedience and restraint with the help of state institutions, and regulates them into an inconspicuous collective body in the name of security, unity and higher common goals. Socio-political mechanisms are legitimised and reaffirmed through violence as well, which is not understood as such, but rather as a necessary “measure” and “duty” to uphold the law.
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Mrak, Anja. "“You are the victims, not the perpetrators”: Narrating Violence and Trauma in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things." Ars & Humanitas 12, no. 1 (July 20, 2018): 244–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ars.12.1.244-257.
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In her 1997 novel The God of Small Things, Arundhati Roy confronts the problem of caste violence, inextricably bound up with other practices of social domination such as patriarchy, racism, colonialism and neocolonialism, through a complex narrative structure. The conventional story about a tragic love between a woman from a higher caste and a member of the untouchables skilfully evades cliché patterns by employing eccentric focalisers, as we experience most of the story through the lenses of multiple-person narrators, twin brother and sister, Rahel and Estha, magical realism, and a disjointed narrative full of prolepses and analepses which subtly renders traumatic memories. The novel is structured as a prototypical trauma narrative and stages a confrontation with an unresolved traumatic event from which Rahel and Estha have been recovering since childhood. Roy deftly transposes the dualism of caste purity and impurity onto the narrative structure. The narrative is caught within a duality (symbolised already by the twins) and a perpetual repetition which represents not only the eternal return of trauma but also the constant tension which derives from the hegemony of the caste system and the violence it produces. The biopolitics of social mechanisms and structures which disciplines the individual’s body, controls his actions, rectifies and sanctions transgressions is at the heart of the novel. It raises the individual into obedience and restraint with the help of state institutions, and regulates them into an inconspicuous collective body in the name of security, unity and higher common goals. Socio-political mechanisms are legitimised and reaffirmed through violence as well, which is not understood as such, but rather as a necessary “measure” and “duty” to uphold the law.
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Aichele, George. "Pasolini’s Pauls." Biblical Interpretation 27, no. 4-5 (November 13, 2019): 496–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685152-02745p02.
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AbstractBecause Pier Paolo Pasolini never completed his movie Saint Paul, any discussion of it must be speculative. However, insofar as the film appears in Pasolini’s screenplay outline and plan, it depicts Paul, in relation to the Pauline writings of the Bible, as a seriously fragmented person. This Paul struggles with multiple personalities that are continually fragmenting and at war with one another. In this way the film fuses together in a single cinematic narrative the many “Pauls” who appear in the Pauline letters and the Acts of the Apostles. The “remixed” quality that then appears in the screenplay contrasts sharply to Pasolini’s The Gospel According to St. Matthew. The resulting story echoes some of the writings of Italo Calvino, as well as Spike Jonze’s movie Adaptation.
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Shchedrina, Irina O. "Cultural-Historical Epistemology and Individual Methodological Attitudes of a Scientist." Epistemology & Philosophy of Science 58, no. 2 (2021): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/eps202158228.
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In this article, the author proceeds from the conceptual reversal of cultural-historical epistemology to the personal, historical, and social experience of a representative of an intellectual culture (scientist, philosopher) and his understanding and rethinking of his methodological attitudes. The idea of the article is that cultural-historical epistemology makes it possible to present natural-scientific and philosophical individual reflection as a specific component of the development of special tools, which are capable of recording and assessing the methodological effectiveness of research activities taking into account individual cognitive experience. For this purpose, the author turns to the issue of an autobiographical narrative – a narrative containing the personal experience of working scientists rethinking their own methodological attitudes. The specific character of ego-documents, and moreover, ego-texts of a natural scientific kind in this case is corroborated by the ideas of cultural-histori - cal epistemology. A scientist is turned to Other, whether in himself or in the narrative. Here scientific methodology and autobiographical narrative are conceptually mixed. As the main material reveals the meaning of the above idea, ego-texts by A.A. Ukhtomsky (his notes in notebooks, correspondence, and memoirs) were selected. While comprehending the fate of domestic and foreign science and also perfectly imagining the further development of multiple “systems of knowledge”, Ukhtomsky still saw a living person – the Interlocutor – behind this process. The need to preserve this image in front of oneself, to preserve the Dominant on the face of Other, this internal orientation, are brought by Ukhtomsky to a conceptually higher level. In this case, the narrative is viewed as a type of reflection that allows one to explicate and give a personal assessment of the effectiveness of the methodological guidelines, based on which the scientist chooses certain areas of research.
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Weil, Joyce. "Developing the Person–Place Fit Measure for Older Adults: Broadening Place Domains." Gerontologist 60, no. 8 (August 21, 2019): e548-e558. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnz112.
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Abstract Background and Objectives Literature calls for larger studies with empirically tested instruments about the meaning of place for older adults—studies that include a broader range of domains and neighborhood characteristics. Although rich narrative and qualitative data for small groups of older individuals exist, a measure with valid and reliable scores that includes the new, multiple domains about aging in place does not. Research Design and Methods Findings are reported from a two-phase, nine-step, exploratory sequential mixed-methods process of measurement development for the Person-Place Fit Measure for Older Adults (PPFM-OA). In Phase I, a focus group (n = 8) and qualitative interviews (n = 77) with persons 65 and older were used to develop emerging domains of aging in place. Qualitative data about concepts and language informed the development of a quantitative item pool for the Mechanical Turk-distributed survey. Phase II included a Delphi process reducing the number of items in the PPFM-OA. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and reliability analysis further reduced the number of potential measure items. Results Five factors emerged from the EFA. They were primary or basic needs/necessities (α = .84), neighborhood changes and moving (α = .88), identity and place attachment (α = .86), community value (α = .89), and services and resources (α = .78). Discussion and Implications The development of a measure, such as the PPFM-OA, is crucial as more programs and services are created to address aging in place but uniform data for planning and evaluation are lacking. These initial quantitative analyses are informative for the next step, a larger-scale, quantitative evaluation.
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Scafe, Suzanne. "Performing Ellen: Mojisola Adebayo’s Moj of the Antarctic: An African Odyssey (2008) and Running a Thousand Miles for Freedom; Or, the Escape of William and Ellen Craft from Slavery (1860)." Journal of Commonwealth Literature 55, no. 3 (September 16, 2019): 406–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021989419848448.
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The subject of Mojisola Adebayo’s one-woman performance, Moj of the Antarctic: An African Odyssey, is Ellen Craft, an ex-slave whose escape from the slave-owning state of Georgia to England in the late 1840s is recounted in the escape narrative Running a Thousand Miles for Freedom; Or, the Escape of William and Ellen Craft from Slavery. Rather than using her performance to present her biographical subject with an interiority the original slave narrative scarcely offers her, Adebayo reconstitutes Ellen and relocates her in an auto/biographical work that self-consciously blurs the boundaries between autobiography, biography, and biofiction, thus exposing the overlap and interdependency of these textual forms. Through a detailed analysis of both texts and their contexts, this essay argues that Adebayo constructs a figurative, first person auto/biography of Ellen Craft, a “call and response” production, originating in an “intimate, somatic engagement with the body of another”, whose “touch” sets up a fluid process of identification. Her work performs a textual revision of the slave narrative genre and its rich, socio-cultural contexts. As a performed, auto/biographical reimagining of Ellen Craft’s flight from slavery Moj of the Antarctic, like Running a Thousand Miles for Freedom, transgresses multiple borders and, in the process, subverts expectations of what constitutes an authentic self. It deconstructs conventionally defined categories of race, gender, and sexuality and radically extends the Crafts’ own examination of the meaning of freedom.
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Kubovy, Michael. "Lives as Collections of Strands: An Essay in Descriptive Psychology." Perspectives on Psychological Science 15, no. 2 (January 14, 2020): 497–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691619887145.
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In this article I generalize the notion of multiple self-aspects to create a descriptive framework in which lives are partitioned into containers of activities called strands. Strands are nearly decomposable life modules, structured, stable, and concurrent longitudinal streams of extended duration whose momentary cross-sections constitute self-aspects. They are differentiated by five features: the person’s role, the cast, the setting, norms and values, and habits and routines. Strands contain projects and episodes and are replete with narrative. Each strand is continuous (i.e., strands persist when a person moves between them), and for the most part strands are mutually asynchronous. From a first-person perspective, the strands are continuous and concurrent, but only one strand is in the foreground at a given time (i.e., transitions between strands are akin to a figure-ground reversal). Furthermore, a life is different from the sum of its strands: It is a nonlinear system that can take on configurations not predictable from a comprehensive description of the individual strands. Two such examples are the achievement of greatness despite severe handicaps and instances of extreme self-sacrifice. I also discuss the research potential of a proposed smartphone app called LifeMaps.
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Oren, Nimrod Tom, Dror Gronich, and Arnon Rolnick. "Stairway to Togetherness: Taking Mindfulness and Biofeedback into the Intersubjective Realm." Biofeedback 46, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5298/1081-5937-46.1.07.
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This paper proposes an integration of three therapeutic languages—biofeedback, mindfulness, and multiple-person oriented therapy (family, couple, etc.)—using a novel narrative we call the “Stairway to Togetherness.” Relying on recent theoretical and empirical developments, we present a model that combines these three languages into a single coherent therapeutic approach. This approach points to a new direction for multiperson therapy, emphasizing mindfulness interventions, conflict de-escalation, and psychophysiological mutual-regulation patterns, as opposed to content-based and behavioral interventions that have so far been the norm. We suggest that mindfulness and biofeedback practices and insights can find a proper place in the context of multiperson therapy, by making the intersubjective space between individuals the object of mindful attention. We show how mindfulness principles apply to this relational space, and how biofeedback can support this endeavor. A metaphor of a four-story home is provided to help couples navigate their relationship as they attempt to reach a place of felt togetherness—a therapeutic goal that goes beyond problem solving or communication training. Although this paper focuses on couples therapy, it can easily encompass other forms of multi-person therapy.
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White, David Gordon. "Yogic Rays: The Self-Externalization of the Yogi in Ritual, Narrative and Philosophy." Paragrana 18, no. 1 (September 2009): 64–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/para.2009.0005.
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AbstractIn the late Upanishads and the Mahabharata, one begins to encounter descriptions of Yogis who are possessed of the power to exit their bodiesvia rays (raśmi) that radiate outward from their eyes, heart, or fontanelas a means to rising up to the sun or to entering the bodies of other creatures. In the centuries that follow, this power becomes a commonplace of yogic theory and yogic lore, with ritual, narrative, and philosophical texts describing the Yogi′s appropriation of other creatures′ bodies in both symbiotic and predatory modes. In the former case, the yogic fusing of the channels is the means by which a Tantric teacher initiates his disciple: exiting his own body, his mindstuff travels along a ray to enter his disciple′s body, which he transforms from within. In the latter, the practice of subtle yoga, as described in the ninth-century Netra Tantra, becomes a means by which a Yogi may take over another person′s body, either to inhabit it or to draw its energy back into his own body, thereby increasing his own power. Through these techniques, the Yogi is said to possess the power to enter multiple bodies simultaneously, creating armies of himself in the process. These practices, which are attested in hundreds of documents, fly in the face of received notions of so-called classical yoga, in which the emphasis is placed on turning the senses inward to isolate the mind-body complex from the distractions of the outside world. In the light of these practices of yogic self-externalization, a re-evaluation of classical yoga itself is in order.
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Neha Choudhary, Kumar Gaurav Chhabra, Gargi Nimbulkar, Amit Reche, Punit Fulzele, and Chaya Chhabra. "Clinical profile of COVID-19 patients: A review of diagnostic aids and clinical profile of COVID-19." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL1 (December 23, 2020): 1529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.3712.
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The SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus which originated in the province Wuhan, China, in December 2019. It is the causative agent of COVID-19, an infection mainly presenting as mild upper respiratory tract infection, with patients presenting with fever, cough, breathlessness and fatigue. The virus predominantly spreads by a person to person contact, which is why it has spread very rapidly in a short span of time, so much so, that multiple countries are affected at present. The number of casualties is ever increasing. Even though our understanding of the novel coronavirus is improving, many countries, including India, are facing a situation which is not getting better with respect to controlling the pandemic. The number of new cases and deaths are ever increasing. There is a general state of panic among all the sections of the society and almost all are affected. With the number of tests being carried out every day, also increasing, a general idea about the signs and symptoms of the disease as well as the diagnostic criterion aids will further help us control the pandemic. This narrative review focuses on the clinical symptoms, diagnostic aids, risk factors, common clinical symptoms, laboratory findings and complications of COVID-19 and also on post COVID 19 Complications.
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Griffiths, Colin, and Martine Smith. "You and me: The structural basis for the interaction of people with severe and profound intellectual disability and others." Journal of Intellectual Disabilities 21, no. 2 (February 7, 2017): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744629516644380.
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Interaction between two people may be construed as a continuous process of perception and action within the dyad. A theoretical framework is proposed in this article that explains the concepts and processes which comprise the interaction process. The article explores the transactional nature of interaction, through analysis of narrative data from two dyads, each comprising a person with severe or profound intellectual and multiple disability and a service worker. The novel application of grounded theory to analyse video data of non-verbal communication data in order to develop the theoretical framework is reviewed. Previously, attuning has been identified as the key process that drives interaction. This article explores the other concepts of the theory proposed, namely, setting, being, stimulus, action, attention and engagement. The article concludes by contrasting this theory of the interaction process with other related concepts and suggests how application of the proposed framework may enhance practice.
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Moreno, Alonso, Michael John Jones, and Martin Quinn. "A longitudinal study of the textual characteristics in the chairman’s statements of Guinness." Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 32, no. 6 (August 23, 2019): 1714–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-01-2018-3308.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to longitudinally analyse the evolution of multiple narrative textual characteristics in the chairman’s statements of Guinness from 1948 to 1996, with the aim of studying impression management influences. It attempts to contribute insights on impression management over time. Design/methodology/approach The paper attempts to contribute to external accounting communication literature, by building on the socio-psychological tradition within the functionalist-behavioural transmission perspective. The paper analyses multiple textual characteristics (positive, negative, tentative, future and external references, length, numeric references and first person pronouns) over 49 years and their potential relationship to profitability. Other possible disclosure drivers are also controlled. Findings The findings show that Guinness consistently used qualitative textual characteristics with a self-serving bias, but did not use those with a more quantitative character. Continual profits achieved by the company, and the high corporate/personal reputation of the company/chairpersons, inter alia, may well explain limited evidence of impression management associated with quantitative textual characteristics. The context appears related to the evolution of the broad communication pattern. Practical implications Impression management is likely to be present in some form in corporate disclosures of most companies, not only those companies with losses. If successful, financial reporting quality may be undermined and capital misallocations may result. Companies with a high public exposure such as those with a high reputation or profitability may use impression management in a different way. Originality/value Studies analysing multiple textual characteristics in corporate narratives tend to focus on different companies in a single year, or in two consecutive years. This study analyses multiple textual characteristics over many consecutive years. It also gives an original historical perspective, by studying how impression management relates to its context, as demonstrated by a unique data set. In addition, by using the same company, the possibility that different corporate characteristics between companies will affect results is removed. Moreover, Guinness, a well-known international company, was somewhat unique as it achieved continual profits.
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Wang, Ru, and Yunyun Tian. "Between Good and Evil: Deconstructive Interpretation of Noon Wine." English Language Teaching 9, no. 11 (October 21, 2016): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v9n11p80.
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<p>Katherine Anne Porter (1890-1980) is an eminent novelist in the history of American literature, especially famous for her short novels. <em>Noon Wine </em>is her important masterpiece, its plot and motif always lead to reader’s deep meditation, and researches focus more on its narrative art, myth archetypes and themes. This paper tries to interpret <em>Noon Wine </em>from the perspective of deconstruction and selects several important characters to combine with the subversion of binary opposition in deconstruction, which aims to conclude that the relationship of good and evil in this story is consistent with Derrida’s definition for the relation of binary opposition---supplementation. Therefore, when people interpret things or person, it would be better to be more multiple, after all, between good and evil, there is not merely an arbitrary line but space for more possibilities.</p>
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Monsen, Karen A., Catherine E. Vanderboom, Kirstie S. Olson, Mary E. Larson, and Diane E. Holland. "Care Coordination From a Strengths Perspective: A Practice-Based Evidence Evaluation of Evidence-Based Practice." Research and Theory for Nursing Practice 31, no. 1 (2017): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1541-6577.31.1.39.
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Background and Purpose: It is critical to accurately represent strengths interventions to improve data and enable intervention effectiveness research from a strengths perspective. However, it is challenging to understand strengths interventions from the multiple perspectives of computerized knowledge representation, evidence-based practice guidelines, and practice-based evidence narratives. Intervention phrases abstracted from nurse care coordinator practice narratives described strengths interventions with community-dwelling elders. This project aims were to (a) compare nurse care coordinator use of evidence-based interventions as described in the two guidelines (what to do and how to do it), (b) analyze nurse care coordinator intervention tailoring (individualized care), and (c) evaluate the usefulness of the Omaha System for comparison of narrative phrases to evidence-based guidelines. Methods: Phrases from expert nurse care coordinators were mapped to the Omaha System for comparison with the guidelines interventions and were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Venn diagrams were used to visually depict intervention overlap between the guidelines and the phrases. Results: Empirical evaluation of 66 intervention phrases mapped to 14 problems using 3 category terms and 19 target terms showed alignment between guidelines and the phrases, with the most overlap across two guidelines and the phrases in categories, and the most diversity in care descriptions. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the value in having both standardized guidelines and expert clinicians who see the whole person and can synthesize and apply guidelines in tailored ways. There is potential to create a feedback loop between practice-based evidence and evidence-based practice by expanding this approach to use of practice-generated Omaha System data as practice-based evidence. Further research is needed to refine and advance the use of these methods with additional practices and guidelines.
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Parker, Julie Faith. "Hardly Happily Ever After: Trafficking of Girls in the Hebrew Bible." Biblical Interpretation 28, no. 5 (November 30, 2020): 540–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685152-2805a002.
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Abstract This article examines elements in the stories of Hagar (Gen. 16:1–3), Abishag (1 Kgs. 1:1–4), Esther (Esth. 2:1–4), and the unnamed Israelite slave girl (2 Kgs. 5:1–4) through the lens of human trafficking, specifically trafficking girls. First, I will argue that our tendency to understand Hagar, Abishag, and Esther as women, not girls, is undermined by the vocabulary used to describe them, as well as other contextual clues. I will then outline the United Nations’ criteria for defining the transport of a person as human trafficking. Most of the article provides narrative analyses of the four texts cited above. By identifying elements of dislocation, trauma, and exploitation in the stories of Hagar, Abishag, Esther, and the Israelite slave girl, I suggest that parts of their stories meet the criteria to fulfill the pattern of human trafficking. This childist interpretation further maintains that these portrayals of girls being trafficked have multiple troubling commonalities, with each other and with human trafficking today.
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Monreal, Angie Belen. "The Testimonios of System-Impacted Daughters of Color on Healing from Parental Incarceration." Columbia Social Work Review 19, no. 1 (May 4, 2021): 100–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.52214/cswr.v19i1.7540.
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1 in every 25 children in the United States currently has a parent incarcerated in jail or prison. Black and Latinx children make up the majority of this population, as their parents are overrepresented in local jails and state and federal prisons. Parental incarceration affects a child’s behavior, emotional and mental health, social interaction, and financial stability. Daughters of incarcerated parents are particularly affected. This research investigates testimonios (testimonies), a narrative form of counter-storytelling, as a tool to address the traumatic effect of parental incarceration on female children of color. Testimonios give a person agency and allow them to share their unique and nuanced experiences in detail. In-depth interviews demonstrated that testimonios can be an effective healing tool for women who have been impacted by parental incarceration and can improve social service organizations directed towards families affected by incarceration. Testimonios provided space in which daughters of incarcerated parents were able to express their emotions and make sense of their experiences. The interviews also revealed shared themes in the experiences of multiple interviewees.
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Horvath, Zsuzsa, Cynthia Salter, Judith Resick, Xiaohan Fan, Tanvi Mehta, Gaetan Sgro, and Peter Trachtenberg. "Reading and writing for healers." European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare 5, no. 4 (December 29, 2017): 534. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ejpch.v5i4.1262.
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Aims, background and objectives: A growing body of research demonstrates that teaching close-reading and reflective writing to clinicians improves their ability to provide patient- and person-centered care. Through narrative medicine workshops, providers gain skills that can improve relationships with patients, increase empathy among clinicians and enhance clinical care. The goal of the event series (book discussion and reflective writing sessions) offered at the University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, USA was to provide participants an interactive opportunity to practise and reflect upon the basic tenets of narrative medicine. Methods: The objectives were to recognize how a written text can inform and enhance empathetic and humanistic thinking and to develop an increased appreciation for the importance of humanistic thinking in healthcare. The goal of this article was to share the outcomes of a unique program, which was offered in an interprofessional setting and organized by collaborators across disciplines within and outside of the healthcare professions. To evaluate the overall effectiveness of the introductory presentation, book discussion and reflective writing sessions, anonymous surveys were employed to study participants’ perception about the role of literature in healthcare, the role of reflection in the provision of care and insights gained in the sessions. Results: The study revealed overwhelmingly positive responses by the participants to the programming. Qualitative data analysis revealed multiple areas of learning. Discussion and Conclusion: Due to the success of the workshop series, the School of Dental Medicine will offer the event again and expects it to become a sustained yearly event that fosters collaborations across different schools of the University.
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Lin, Szu-Yen. "Beardsley and the Implied Author." Journal of Literary Theory 12, no. 1 (March 26, 2018): 171–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jlt-2018-0010.
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Abstract Some theorists on literary interpretation have suggested a connection between Monroe C. Beardsley’s anti-intentionalism and hypothetical intentionalism based on an implied author. However, a full exploration has never been attempted. I undertake this task in this paper. A close reading of Beardsley reveals that he assumes something very similar to the implied author in interpretation. I distinguish five types of fictional works in terms of their narrative mode and show that my claim stands in at least four of the five types. The significance of my argument lies in exposing the above version of authorism in anti-intentionalism. Beardsley is generally perceived as advocating the irrelevance of authorial intention to literary interpretation. The common interpretation of his theory is that work-meaning is generated by linguistic conventions, with intention playing no role in meaning-determination. All the interpreter needs is knowledge of public, linguistic conventions in order to recover textual meaning. Nevertheless, when dealing with the problem of interpretation, Beardsley explicitly talks about attributing textual meaning to a fictional speaker. Although he does not elaborate on the nature of this speaker, clues scattered in his writings point to the striking similarity of this theoretical apparatus to an implied author. The key lies in his presumption that every fictional work must have an ultimate speaker to whom meaning inferred from the text should be attributed. This claim is almost the core of an implied author theory of interpretation. A difficulty in classifying Beardsley’s view as a version of the implied author position is that his characterization of the story’s presenter might apply better to the story’s narrator than to its implied author. To test this, I examine different types of narrative modes to see whether the fictional speaker merges with the implied author in each of these scenarios. The first factor to consider for classifying narrative modes is whether the narrator’s presence is explicit or implicit. The narrative scenario in which the narrator is implicit can be further divided into two sub-types: either the story is told from an omniscient viewpoint or centers on the experience of a third-person character. In either case, the story is not told by any of the characters in the story; rather, it is told by an implicit speaker whose words the work purports to be. It seems reasonable to identify this fictional speaker with the implied author, for both function as the subject to which textual meaning is attributed. As for the narrative mode in which the narrator is explicit, this involves first-person narratives. In these, either the narrator is reliable or unreliable. When the narrator is unreliable, a transcendental perspective is required in determining the text’s meaning, because what is said ultimately in the work is not equivalent to what is literally said by the unreliable narrator. It follows that an implicit speaker has to be assumed and she again coincides with the implied author. Where the narrator is reliable but textual meaning transcends what is literally expressed, an implicit speaker is at play again. This narrative scenario is thus better classified as a case in which the narrator’s presence is implicit. This leaves us with the narrative scenario in which the narrator is a reliable spokesperson for the implied author. The identification of the narrator with the implied author in the case last mentioned is controversial. The crucial difference between them is that the former is dramatized in the story while the latter is not. I accept that the narrator here is not happily called an implied author, though I also point out several similarities between the two. Finally, I discuss four complications to my argument. The first concerns multiple points of view in a story. To accommodate this kind of narrative, Beardsley could argue that an implicit narrator is needed to explain the definite meaning concealed behind what is literally said by different characters. The second complication is about the ontological status accorded to the narrator and the implied author. It might be objected that the two reside in different fictional worlds and this is what makes their merging impossible. But it is questionable whether this is a definitional feature of the implied author; moreover, the interpreter can take the implied author to be an instrumentalist concept and hence avoid talk about the ontological status of fictional entities. The third complication claims that versions of the implied author position developed by philosophers tend to be based on a contextualist ontology of literature; however, Beardsley’s account is acontextual. This is not true, for Beardsley has exhibited contextualist leanings in his writings. Finally, it has been objected that the formalist resources Beardsley has are not enough to guarantee a single right interpretation. But if Beardsley is actually a contextualist, contextual constraints will come into play and raise the chance of getting a single right interpretation. The article concludes by reflecting on the significance of the misrepresentation of anti-intentionalism: it is the intention of the actual author which anti-intentionalism is against. The position in question is actually developed in an intentionalist framework based on the implied author.
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Voyce, Andrew. "The established state and patient X’s rebellion." Mental Health and Social Inclusion 22, no. 3 (June 11, 2018): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mhsi-02-2018-0003.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper (anonymised case study) is to explore political perspectives on the detention of patients under the Mental Health Act. Design/methodology/approach The approach is ethnographic and narrative. Findings The essay offers an exploratory explanation using political theory, of a violent and rebellious act by a person detained as a formal mental health patient. The protest relates to the treatment offered to the patient. Research limitations/implications This essay offers a new explanation for a protest for a person detained as a compulsory mental health patient. The essay explores issues relating to political philosophy that the patient applies to their detention. Practical implications An understanding of how a patient with a background in academic politics is related in this essay. There is consideration of how an education in politics can be as valid in wellbeing, as a medical degree. It may be that more patients will be spared multiple hospital admissions by the use of effective therapies. Social implications There is consideration of the debate about the fitness of current mental health legislation to enable wellbeing, and the debate about the review of mental health law begun in 2017. Originality/value This is a perspective of how political theory can inform individual acts. The political inquiry is not of dogma or ideology, either critical or affirming. The discourse is of rebellion with a purpose, not of revolution, class war or national dispute. However, aspects of works that are critical of psychiatry are included in the considerations.
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Ostby, Marie. "Graphics and Global Dissent: Marjane Satrapi's Persepolis, Persian Miniatures, and the Multifaceted Power of Comic Protest." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 132, no. 3 (May 2017): 558–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2017.132.3.558.
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Marjane Satrapi's Persepolis has been embraced by critics and popular audiences alike as an accessible intercultural memoir-in-comics that challenges predominant Western stereotypes about Iran through the universality of its first-person narrator. But the text's global legibility goes beyond the familiarity of Satrapi's graphic avatar. In examining the surprising factors on which the text's globalism depends, I look closely at one of Persepolis's diverse inter-texts—the Persian miniature painting—and situate Satrapi in both Parisian bandes dessinées and Iranian diasporic artistic contexts to argue that the work's concurrent production of local, national, and global scales is inseparable from its connection to several genres and across several media, engaging its readers through multiple modes of perception. Persepolis draws on a global history of graphics as dissent by challenging preconceived notions about comics as a mass culture form, memoirs as limited confessionals, and Iranian women as silenced victims of an oppressive fundamentalist state. The global accessibility of this graphic novel exists not despite but because of porous categories of genre and culture, which are at once integral to its narrative structure and secondary to the aesthetic of protest that it ultimately embraces.
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Sanders, Michael. "Betty's Story." Journal of Secondary Gifted Education 8, no. 2 (December 1996): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1932202x9600800205.
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This life history is created within the context of a larger study. Purposeful sampling was used to identify six college-aged, self-identified intellectuals from a group of students in a University Scholars program at a large university. The group included three men and three women all around 20 years old. Multiple interviews with member checks were used to create textual data from each participant. Participants discussed personal independence, the desire to learn, the meaning of the term “intellectual,” attitudes toward schooling, their teachers, educational programs for intellectually gifted students, social and cultural interests, their personal lives, and other topics. The analysis of the data used textual information from the interviews combined with information from sociological and anthropological sources to situate the participants' life stories in social, historical, and cultural contexts thereby creating life histories. A life lived is what actually happens. A life experienced consists of the images, feelings, desires, thoughts, and meanings known to the person whose life it is … A life as told, a life history, is a narrative, influenced by the cultural conventions of telling, by the audience, and by the social context (Denzin, 1989, p. 30).
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Tayler, Felicity, and Maziar Jafary. "Shifting Horizons: A Literature Review of Research Data Management Train-the-Trainer Models for Library and Campus-Wide Research Support Staff in Canadian Institutions." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 16, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/eblip29814.
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Objective – In consideration of emerging national Research Data Management (RDM) policy and infrastructure, this literature review seeks answers to the following questions: 1) What is the most effective way for a Canadian research university to build capacity among library and campus-wide research support staff, with a view towards providing coordinated RDM support services for our researcher community?2) What international training models and course offerings are available and appropriate for a local context?3) What national guidelines and best practices for pedagogical design and delivery can be adapted for a local context? Methods – This literature review synthesizes a total of 13 sources: 9 articles, 2 book chapters, and 2 whitepapers. The whitepapers were selected for a narrative literature review because of their focus on case studies detailing train-the-trainer models. Within the 13 sources we found 14 key case studies. This review serves as a supplement to the 2017 CARL Portage Training Expert Group white paper, “Research Data Management Training Landscape in Canada,” the focus of which was to identify RDM training gaps in order to recommend a coordinated approach to RDM training in a national environment. Results – The narrative review of case studies revealed three thematic areas. Firstly, pedagogical challenges were identified, including the need to target training to RDM support staff such as librarians and researchers, as they comprise distinct groups of trainees with divergent disciplinary vocabularies and incentives for training. Secondly, the case studies cover a broad range of pedagogical models including single or multiple sessions, self-directed or instructor-led, in-person or online instruction, and a hybrid of the two. Finally, RDM training also emerged as a key factor in community building within library staff units, among service units on campus, and with campus research communities. Conclusion – RDM training programs at local institutions should be guided by a set of principles aligned with the training methods, modes of assessment, and infrastructure development timeline outlined in a national training strategy. When adapting principles and training strategies to a local context, the following trends in the literature should be considered: librarians and researchers must have meaningful incentives to undertake training in RDM or to join a community of practice; disciplinary-specific instruction is preferable to general instruction; a librarian’s own training opportunities will influence their ability to provide discipline-specific RDM instruction to researchers; in-person training opportunities improve learning retention and produce beneficial secondary effects, whereas online instruction is most effective when paired with an in-person component; generalized third-party RDM training should be adapted to local context to be meaningful. Future directions for RDM training will integrate into open access and digital scholarship training, and into cross-disciplinary, open science communities of practice.
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Muljadi, Hianly. "Christos Tsiolkas’s The Slap Multiculturalism in Australia Now." Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture 10, no. 2 (December 3, 2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ljlc.2020.v10.i02.p08.
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This study focuses on the use of narrative techniques, especially point of view, in a novel entitled The Slap written by an Australian author, Christos Tsiolkas. This novel begins with a barbeque party hosted by a couple in a suburban Melbourne. The party is attended by many of their friends, families and co-workers who come from many different ethnic backgrounds, mostly immigrants or immigrant descents in Australia. The story takes an interesting turn when a man slaps an unruly boy who is not his own. The boy’s parents become so furious and decide to report the incident to the police. The story then continues with the revelation on how the case goes. What is special about this novel is that the aftermath of the incident is written in multiple chapters, narrated by a different character for each chapter. Readers will be able to see what happen after the incident through the eyes of each character who not only talk about the incident but inform the readers also about their life and the people around them. This is very interesting considering all the characters come from different ethnics; Greek, Indian, Jew, and British Australian. Christos Tsiolkas claimed that he wanted to show the real Australia which is not often represented in other novels through this novel and he has chosen to use the 3rd person limited point of view as a means to deliver his message. At the end of the research it can be concluded that there is a shift in position between the white Australians and immigrants or immigrant descent nowadays in terms of superiority and inferiority.
Keywords: narrative technique, point of view, multiculturalism, immigrant, white Australians.
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Płaszewski, Maciej, Weronika Grantham, and Ejgil Jespersen. "Mapping the evidence of experiences related to adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a scoping review protocol." BMJ Open 9, no. 11 (November 2019): e032865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032865.
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IntroductionAdolescent idiopathic scoliosis, the diagnosis and management of this condition, may lead to poorer body image and diminished psychosocial functioning. Furthermore, treatment, especially bracing and surgery as well as screening, remain controversial and debated, with an unclear evidence base. Personal experiences in terms of issues such as person-centred care, shared decision making, and patient and public involvement, are contemporarily recognised as highly valued. Nonetheless, people’s experiences related to adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is an issue underrepresented in current systematic reviews and systematically developed recommendations. There appears a substantial imbalance between a vast amount of biomedical research reports, and sporadic biopsychosocial publications in this field. The objective of this planned scoping review is to explore and map the available evidence from various sources to address a broad question of what is known about experiences of all those touched, directly and indirectly, by the problem of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.Methods and analysisWe based our protocol on the Joanna Briggs Institute’s scoping review method, including the Population – Concept – Context framework, to formulate the objectives, research questions, eligibility criteria and conduct characteristics of the study. We will consider any primary study designs, research synthesis reports, as well as narrative reviews and opinion pieces. We will not restrict eligible publications to English language. Search and selection processes will include academic and grey literature searches using multiple electronic databases, search engines and websites, hand searches, and contacting the authors. We will use a customised data charting table and present a narrative synthesis of the results.Ethics and disseminationScoping review is a secondary study, aiming at synthesising data from publicly available publications, hence it does not require ethical approval. We will submit the report to a peer-reviewed journal and disseminate it among professionals involved in scoliosis management, guideline and recommendation development, and policymaking.
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Pino, Mirian. "Sensible/visible: les hijes de detenides desaparecides en Hasta que mueras, de Raquel Robles (2019) y Yo la quise (2020), de Josefina Giglio." Catedral Tomada. Revista de crítica literaria latinoamericana 9, no. 16 (July 19, 2021): 104–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ct/2021.510.
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The literature of the children of forced disappeared victims, including that of Raquel Robles and Josefina Giglio, who went through the traumatic experience of the last Argentine civic-military ecclesial business dictatorship in 1976, has been the subject of multiple approaches by vernacular critics (Reati, Domínguez, Basile), or foreign (García Díaz, Bolte, Gatti, et al). In this study, I name the group as lowercase in order to displace the institutional character that, although important, can reduce the perspective that I am trying to display. This perspective focuses on questioning what the writing of children of the disappeared contributes in terms of complexity to literary studies within the framework of memory-literature articulation. Thus, I notice an accumulation of writings, whether in the multiple arc of narrative or poetry, where the assumption of the voice that enunciates, in some cases, works the experience in the first person from styles already registered in literature, although the experiences of the authors enhance writings that are difficult to place in literary trends. As if literature were to make visible the very tension that its politicity implies from the narrative voices with one foot in the lived experience and the other in the creative laboratory; It is also necessary to point out that this experience places state politics as the central node since it reconfigured the life not only of the authors but of all society, in this case Argentina. In the selected novels we are faced with what Jacques Rancière (2015, 2011) understands as a principle of action, from which neither literature nor readers can be far from a new ethos. From this it is possible to connect with certain experiences that emerge in this case from both novels and that affect our perception of reality and history. Argentine literature, born in the very bosom of the nation-state, is not the same after the sons once they intervened in the street in the second half of the 90s of the last century to demand justice, they speak in the new millennium and write experiences that affect us all, and that reshape the ways of thinking politics, literature and history.
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Myers, Jeffrey L., and Lotte Mulder. "Frontline Workers in the Backrooms of COVID-19." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 154, no. 3 (June 17, 2020): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa106.
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Abstract Objectives To review the response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in a forensics center that integrates an academic department of pathology with multiple regional county medical examiners’ offices. Methods Faculty and staff were asked to volunteer stories, data, and photographs describing their activities from March through May 2020. The information was assembled into a narrative summary. Results Increased deaths challenged capacity limits in a hospital morgue and a large urban medical examiner’s office (MEO) successfully managed by forensic teams and monitored by an institutional command center. Autopsies of suspected and proven cases of COVID-19 were performed in both facilities. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing of decedents was performed in a MEO serving a large urban area. Scene investigators worked directly with families to meet needs unique to a pandemic. Artful photographs of decedent’s hands and/or tattoos were offered to those unable to have in-person viewings. Pathologists and social workers were available to families of the deceased and created novel solutions to facilitate the grieving process. Conclusions Forensic pathology is important to successfully navigating emerging diseases like the COVID-19 pandemic. Direct conversations with families are common in forensic pathology and serve as a model for patient- and family-centered care.
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Eng, Bennie, and Cheryl Burke Jarvis. "Consumers and their celebrity brands: how personal narratives set the stage for attachment." Journal of Product & Brand Management 29, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 831–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-02-2019-2275.
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Purpose This paper aims to demonstrate how consumer attachment to celebrity brands is driven by perceived narratives about the celebrity’s persona, which triggers communal (i.e. altruistic) relationship norms. The research investigates the differential role of narratives about celebrities’ personal vs professional lives in creating attachment and identifies and tests moderating effects of narrative characteristics including perceived source of fame, valence and authenticity. Design/methodology/approach Three online experiments tested the proposed direct, meditating and moderating relationships. Data was analyzed using mediation analysis and multiple ANOVAs. Findings The results suggest relationship norms that are more altruistic in nature fully mediate the relationship between narrative type and brand attachment. Additionally, personal narratives produce stronger attachment than professional narratives; the celebrity’s source of fame moderates narrative type and attachment; and on-brand narratives elicit higher attachment than off-brand narratives, even when these narratives are negative. Practical implications The authors offer recommendations for how marketers can shape celebrity brand narratives to build stronger consumer attachment. Notably, personal (vs professional) narratives are critical in building attachment, especially for celebrity brands that are perceived to have achieved their fame. Both positive and negative personal narratives can strengthen attachment for achieved celebrity brands, but only if they are on-brand with consumer expectations. Originality/value This research is an introductory examination of the fundamental theoretical process by which celebrity brand relationships develop from brand persona narratives and how characteristics of those narratives influence consumer-brand attachment.
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Bunn, Frances, Claire Goodman, Bridget Russell, Patricia Wilson, Jill Manthorpe, Greta Rait, Isabel Hodkinson, and Marie-Anne Durand. "Supporting shared decision-making for older people with multiple health and social care needs: a realist synthesis." Health Services and Delivery Research 6, no. 28 (August 2018): 1–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hsdr06280.
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BackgroundHealth-care systems are increasingly moving towards more integrated approaches. Shared decision-making (SDM) is central to these models but may be complicated by the need to negotiate and communicate decisions between multiple providers, as well as patients and their family carers; this is particularly the case for older people with complex needs.ObjectivesTo provide a context-relevant understanding of how models to facilitate SDM might work for older people with multiple health and care needs and how they might be applied to integrated care models.DesignRealist synthesis following Realist and Meta-narrative Evidence Syntheses: Evolving Standards (RAMESES) publication standards.ParticipantsTwenty-four stakeholders took part in interviews.Data sourcesElectronic databases including MEDLINE (via PubMed), The Cochrane Library, Scopus, Google and Google Scholar (Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA). Lateral searches were also carried out. All types of evidence were included.Review methodsIterative stakeholder-driven, three-stage approach, involving (1) scoping of the literature and stakeholder interviews (n = 13) to develop initial programme theory/ies, (2) systematic searches for evidence to test and develop the theories and (3) validation of programme theory/ies with stakeholders (n = 11).ResultsWe included 88 papers, of which 29 focused on older people or people with complex needs. We identified four theories (context–mechanism–outcome configurations) that together provide an account of what needs to be in place for SDM to work for older people with complex needs: understanding and assessing patient and carer values and capacity to access and use care; organising systems to support and prioritise SDM; supporting and preparing patients and family carers to engage in SDM; and a person-centred culture of which SDM is a part. Programmes likely to be successful in promoting SDM are those that create trust between those involved, allow service users to feel that they are respected and understood, and engender confidence to engage in SDM.LimitationsThere is a lack of evidence on interventions to promote SDM in older people with complex needs or on interprofessional approaches to SDM.ConclusionsModels of SDM for older people with complex health and care needs should be conceptualised as a series of conversations that patients, and their family carers, may have with a variety of different health and care professionals. To embed SDM in practice requires a shift from a biomedical focus to a more person-centred ethos. Service providers are likely to need support, both in terms of the way services are organised and delivered and in terms of their own continuing professional development. Older people with complex needs may need support to engage in SDM. How this support is best provided needs further exploration, although face-to-face interactions and ongoing patient–professional relationships are key.Future workThere is a need for further work to establish how organisational structures can be better aligned to meet the requirements of older people with complex needs. This includes a need to define and evaluate the contribution that different members of health and care teams can make to SDM for older people with complex health and care needs.Study registrationThis study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42016039013.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme.
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Holland, Anne, Jen Jocz, Stephanie Vierow-Fields, Zachary Stier, and Lindsay Gypin. "Community Dialogues to Enhance Inclusion and Equity in Public Libraries." Journal of Library Outreach and Engagement 1, no. 2 (September 13, 2021): 78–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21900/j.jloe.v1i2.856.
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Over the past decade, public libraries have shifted from quiet repositories of knowledge to raucous centers of public engagement. Public libraries seek to fill the educational and social gaps left by other informal education organizations (such as museums and science centers) that target specific populations or require paid access for their resources. These gaps are filled by hiring social workers, providing accessible makerspaces, developing English language learner (ELL) programs, facilitating hands-on STEM activities, providing information about community resources and social services, providing summer meals, and much more. But what are the next steps to continue this high level of engagement? By utilizing a Community Dialogue Framework (Dialogues), libraries have engaged with new members of their communities to reach groups not currently benefiting from library services, provided equitable access to new resources, engaged with new partners, and - in the time of COVID - began to address the digital divide in their communities. An examination of forty public libraries’ engagement with and learning from Dialogues was conducted using a qualitative approach and reflexive thematic analysis. An account from a librarian who hosted multiple Dialogues is also presented as a first-person narrative describing their methods and successes using the tool. Benefits and practical considerations for conducting Dialogues are discussed in the results section, followed by limitations and recommendations for further research in this area.
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Mishra, Binaya, Pankaj Kumar, Chitresh Saraswat, Shamik Chakraborty, and Arjun Gautam. "Water Security in a Changing Environment: Concept, Challenges and Solutions." Water 13, no. 4 (February 14, 2021): 490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13040490.
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Water is of vital and critical importance to ecosystems and human societies. The effects of human activities on land and water are now large and extensive. These reflect physical changes to the environment. Global change such as urbanization, population growth, socioeconomic change, evolving energy needs, and climate change have put unprecedented pressure on water resources systems. It is argued that achieving water security throughout the world is the key to sustainable development. Studies on holistic view with persistently changing dimensions is in its infancy. This study focuses on narrative review work for giving a comprehensive insight on the concept of water security, its evolution with recent environmental changes (e.g., urbanization, socioeconomic, etc.) and various implications. Finally, it presents different sustainable solutions to achieve water security. Broadly, water security evolves from ensuring reliable access of enough safe water for every person (at an affordable price where market mechanisms are involved) to lead a healthy and productive life, including that of future generations. The constraints on water availability and water quality threaten secured access to water resources for different uses. Despite recent progress in developing new strategies, practices and technologies for water resource management, their dissemination and implementation has been limited. A comprehensive sustainable approach to address water security challenges requires connecting social, economic, and environmental systems at multiple scales. This paper captures the persistently changing dimensions and new paradigms of water security providing a holistic view including a wide range of sustainable solutions to address the water challenges.
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Higginbottom, Gina MA, Catrin Evans, Myfanwy Morgan, Kuldip K. Bharj, Jeanette Eldridge, Basharat Hussain, and Karen Salt. "Access to and interventions to improve maternity care services for immigrant women: a narrative synthesis systematic review." Health Services and Delivery Research 8, no. 14 (March 2020): 1–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hsdr08140.
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Background In 2016, over one-quarter of births in the UK (28.2%) were to foreign-born women. Maternal and perinatal mortality are disproportionately higher among some immigrants depending on country of origin, indicating the presence of deficits in their care pathways and birth outcomes. Objectives Our objective was to undertake a systematic review and narrative synthesis of empirical research that focused on access and interventions to improve maternity care for immigrant women, including qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods studies. Review methods An information scientist designed the literature database search strategies (limited to retrieve literature published from 1990 to 2018). All retrieved citations (45,954) were independently screened by two or more team members using a screening tool. We searched grey literature reported in related databases and websites. We contacted stakeholders with subject expertise. In this review we define an immigrant as a person who relocates to the destination country for a minimum of 1 year, with the goal of permanent residence. Results We identified 40 studies for inclusion. Immigrant women tended to book and access antenatal care later than the recommended first 10 weeks of pregnancy. Primary factors included limited English-language skills, lack of awareness of availability of the services, lack of understanding of the purpose of antenatal appointments, immigration status and income barriers. Immigrant women had mixed perceptions regarding how health-care professionals (HCPs) had delivered maternity care services. Those with positive perceptions felt that HCPs were caring, confidential and openly communicative. Those with negative views perceived HCPs as rude, discriminatory or insensitive to their cultural and social needs; these women therefore avoided accessing maternity care. We found very few interventions that had focused on improving maternity care for these women and the effectiveness of these interventions has not been rigorously evaluated. Limitations Our review findings are limited by the available research evidence related to our review questions. There may be many aspects of immigrant women’s experiences that we have not addressed. For example, few studies exist for perinatal mental health in immigrant women from Eastern European countries (in the review period). Many studies included both immigrant and non-immigrant women. Conclusions Available evidence suggests that the experiences of immigrant women in accessing and using maternity care services in the UK are mixed; however, women largely had poor experiences. Contributing factors included a lack of language support, cultural insensitivity, discrimination and poor relationships between immigrant women and HCPs. Furthermore, a lack of knowledge of legal entitlements and guidelines on the provision of welfare support and maternity care to immigrants compounds this. Future work Studies are required on the development of interventions and rigorous scientific evaluation of these interventions. Development and evaluation of online antenatal education resources in multiple languages. Development and appraisal of education packages for HCPs focused on the provision of culturally safe practice for the UK’s diverse population. The NHS in the UK has a hugely diverse workforce with a vast untapped linguistic resource; strategies could be developed to harness this resource. Study registration This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42015023605. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Services and Delivery Research programme and will be published in full in Health Services and Delivery Research; Vol. 8, No. 14. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Armstrong, Mary A. "NEXT WEEK!! — : DESIRE, DOMESTIC MELODRAMA, AND THE EXTRAVAGANT PROLIFERATIONS OFEAST LYNNE." Victorian Literature and Culture 43, no. 4 (August 5, 2015): 745–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150315000248.
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Ellen Wood'sEast Lynne(1861) exhibits the exhilarating characteristics of a Victorian sensation novel and then some: degenerate aristocracy, a sneering villain, flight, adultery, a child born out of wedlock, disfigurement, disguise, extended deathbed scenes, murder, and more (e.g., fake accents, false identities, an electrifying homicide trial, and a spectacular train wreck). But at the center of all the disaster, transgression, pathos, coincidence, and extremity,East Lynneis (mainly) the story of the aptly-named Isabel Vane, the beloved but patently bored wife who abandons her husband and children to run away with a handsome seducer. Overcome by remorse (and conveniently both disfigured and presumed dead), she returns to the home of her remarried husband to act as governess to her own children and to witness (at length and in painful detail) the life she might have had if she had denied her perpetually irrepressible but inappropriate feelings — feelings not so much of lust for another man, but of annoyance and tedium with the man she actually has.East Lynneurges (usually in the form of multiple diatribes from the third person narrator) that the wives and mothers of mid-Victorian England be content with their lot, employing a moral didacticism that insists on female domestic responsibility — and the attendant obligation of female suffering — with sadistic pleasure. And yet, when not lingering over the agonies of Isabel, the narrative gushes, seemingly despite itself, with sympathy for the heroine's life of monotony and misery. Indeed,East Lynne's compelling power comes in large part from the novel's skillful, lingering walk on a ledge of its own making and its protracted vacillation between condemnation and empathy for an unhappy heroine gone astray.