Academic literature on the topic 'Multiple primary neoplasms'
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Journal articles on the topic "Multiple primary neoplasms"
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Demandante, Carlo Greg N., Dean A. Troyer, and Toni P. Miles. "Multiple Primary Malignant Neoplasms." American Journal of Clinical Oncology 26, no. 1 (2003): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000421-200302000-00015.
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Rose, Peter G., Edward E. Herterick, John G. Boutselis, Melvin Moeshberger, and Larry Sachs. "Multiple primary gynecologic neoplasms." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 157, no. 2 (1987): 261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(87)80148-5.
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Lino, J., M. Alves, A. Silva, et al. "Patient with multiple primary neoplasms." European Journal of Internal Medicine 24 (October 2013): e149-e150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2013.08.386.
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Amalinei, Cornelia, Raluca Balan, Luminita Ivan, Razvan Socolov, Demetra Socolov, and Coriolan Cotutiu. "Multiple primary malignant neoplasms — case report." Open Medicine 1, no. 1 (2006): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-006-0004-0.
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AbstractThe synchronous occurence of primary carcinomas of endometrium and ovary is well recognized. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNSTs) may also rarely occur in patients diagnosed with malignancies of the female genital tract. We report a rare case of synchronous primary carcinomas of endometrium and ovary, followed by a metachronous retroperitoneal MPNST. Ascites cytology and endometrial biopsy, followed by hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy, were performed to remove the synchronous tumors. Histology was suggestive of synchronous endometrial endometrioid carcinoma and ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma. After the removal of the retroperitoneal tumor, a MPNST was diagnosed by immunohistochemistry. The patient developed two consecutive vaginal tumors diagnosed as metastases of the previously diagnosed endometrial carcinoma. Although synchronous tumors of endometrium and ovary were relatively early staged and consequently had a favorable prognosis, subsequently occuring implants along the lower genital tract and the metachronous MPNST added up to a poor prognosis.
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Sehgal, Shailley Arora, Parul Gupta, Anil Kumar Dhull, and Vivek Kaushal. "TAILORED APPROACH FOR MULTIPLE PRIMARY NEOPLASMS." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 5, no. 47 (2018): 3293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2018/669.
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Gin, Lauren, Brian Dinh, and Sangeeta Agrawal. "S1988 Trio of Multiple Primary Neoplasms." American Journal of Gastroenterology 115, no. 1 (2020): S1039. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000710000.66483.19.
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Sekowski, A., F. Ooko, D. du Plessis, J. Mphahlele, and I. Rozumyk. "SYNCHRONIC MULTIPLE PRIMARY NEOPLASMS IN WOMEN." Maturitas 63 (May 2009): S122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5122(09)70490-6.
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Maddali, L. S., and S. Maddali. "Multiple primary neoplasms involving the breast." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (2006): 10786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.10786.
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10786 Background: Multiple Primary Neoplasms (MPN) are being identified with increasing frequency in Breast cancer patients. We studied MPN involving Breast cancer as at least one primary for (1) incidence and (2) identifying. subsets with special features. Methods: 83 patients with MPN were identified among 3378 patients seen between January 1st 1999 and 31st December 2005. (2.15%). 40 of these had Breast primary (48.19%). which form the basis of the present report. One or both primaries were identified during this period. But in some cases with primaries in remote past, available documentation was accepted. Results: Breast cancer was the Index cancer 31/40 (77.50%)and second primary in 9/40 (22.50%). Among the index cancers, 4/31 cases (12.90%) were synchronous and 27/31 (87.10%) were metachronous. 100% of the second primary in breast group were metachronous. Breast-Breast MPN 15/40 (37.50%) and Breast-Non breast MPN 25/40 (62.50%). Mean ages for Breast-Breast MPN 47.33 years, Synchronous tumors 38.66 yrs, metachronous tumors 58.20 yrs, Breast-Non Breast MPN 55.44 yrs. Mortality for Breast-Breast MPN as a group was 73.33%, synchronous tumors (2/3) 66.67%, metachronous tumors (10/12) 83.33%, Breast-Non Breast MPN, metachronous tumors (13/24) 54.17%. When the interval between index and second primary was studied, the Breast-Breast MPN mortality was (7/9) 77.78% for 2 yrs or less duration, (3/3) 100% for more than 2yrs. For Breast-NonBreast MPN, mortality was (6/9) 66.67% for duration of 2 yrs or less and (7/15) 46.67% for more than 2 yrs. The common malignancies associated in the index Breast cancer group were from Ovary (6),Thyroid (2),pancreas (2), Hematologic neoplasms (3) Upper Aero Digestive Tract (2). The second primary Breast cancer group had primaries in ovary (2), colon (2), hematologic (3) neoplasms. Conclusions: Breast-Breast MPN are seen in younger patients with higher mortality than Breast-Non Breast MPN. In the Breast-Non Breast MPN group, longer interval between the primaries is associated with lower mortality. There were no major differences between the Index Breast cancer group and Breast Second Primary group. Mortality appeared to be determined by the nature of the Non Breast Primary. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Witek, Marcin Kazimierz, Sabina Skrzynecka, Mateusz Bartoszek, Julia Michalik, and Jakub Pudźwa. "Pathogenesis of selected multiple primary neoplasms." European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 21, no. 3 (2023): 605–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2023.3.6.
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Introduction and aim. Multiple primary tumors are defined as having more than one primary tumor in a different organ location in the same person. Therefore, it is important to know pathogenesis of multiple primary neoplasms to discover new forms of primary prevention and secondary prevention, especially connected with genetic tests which are important for the future of medicine as a part of personalized medicine. The aim of the study is to present selected aspects of the pathogenesis of multiple primary neoplasms. Material and methods. PubMed databases and Google Scholar were searched. Analysis of the literature. The rising risk of developing multiple primary cancers is a consequence of the progressive growth and ageing of the population and development of cancer in patients previously treated for cancer. The formation of secondary neoplasms may be multifactorial – to a large extent it is associated with genetic factors that may facilitate neoplastic transformation, for example as a result of radiation therapy, chemotherapy, inherited syndromes, environmental factors such as tobacco or alcohol, sometimes random somatic mutations. Conclusion. Knowledge of the pathogenesis of multiple primary tumors can contribute to a better understanding of the problem, as well as help in the prevention or early diagnosis of multiple primary tumors (primary and secondary prevention).
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Menshikov, K. V., A. V. Sultanbaev, S. I. Musin, et al. "A case of primary multiple synchronous radiogenic cancer in clinical practice." Malignant tumours 13, no. 4 (2023): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18027/2224-5057-2023-13-4-84-92.
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There is an increase in the number of patients with secondary malignant neoplasms. In addition, in some subgroups after radical cancer treatment, the lifetime risk of developing secondary malignant neoplasms can be as high as 33 %. Secondary malignancies remain an important cause of death in patients who have received radical cancer treatment. The presented clinical case demonstrates the risk of developing primary multiple malignant neoplasms after radiation therapy and chemotherapy. A 39‑year-old patient with diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma underwent definitive treatment including chemo-and radiotherapy. Ten years later, the patient developed the induced multiple malignant tumors: a malignant neoplasm of the heart — myofibrosarcoma of the right ventricle with invasion of the anterior wall of the right ventricle Stage IIIB G2T3N0M0, left breast cancer Stage IIIA T3N2M0. The choice of treatment tactics for this category of patients remains particularly difficult.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Multiple primary neoplasms"
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Villablanca, Andrea. "Genetic background of familial primary hyperparathyroidism /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-520-4/.
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Hartman, Mikael. "Risk and prognosis of breast cancer among women at high risk of the disease /." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-303-0/.
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Priante, Antonio Vitor Martins. "A importância da tríplice endoscopia no diagnóstico de neoplasias primárias múltiplas em pacientes com carcinoma epidermóide de vias aerodigestivas superiores." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5155/tde-20042010-095730/.
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INTRODUÇÃO: Pacientes com carcinomas das vias aerodigestivas superiores (VADS) apresentam um alto risco de desenvolver outros cânceres tanto simultaneamente quanto subsequentemente. A maioria destes tumores ocorre nas VADS, pulmões ou esôfago. A tríplice endoscopia (laringoscopia, endoscopia digestiva alta e broncoscopia) possibilita o diagnostico de lesões precursoras e de tumores invasivos. No entanto, a maioria dos estudos limita-se a descrever a frequência de diagnósticos, mas não os resultados do tratamento e o impacto na sobrevida. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a importância da tríplice endoscopia para o diagnóstico de neoplasias primárias múltiplas e as diferenças no estadiamento e nas taxas de sobrevida de pacientes com carcinoma epidermóide de VADS. Caracterizar o perfil e analisar fatores de risco para neoplasias primárias múltiplas. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo caso-controle retrospectivo em que foram incluídos pacientes com carcinoma epidermóide de VADS, submetidos à tríplice endoscopia antes do início do tratamento (grupo tríplice endoscopia), pareados, por sexo, idade e localização, estádio clínico e tratamento do tumor primário, com pacientes não submetidos à tríplice endoscopia na avaliação inicial (grupo controle). RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 135 pacientes em cada grupo. No grupo tríplice endoscopia ocorreram mais diagnósticos de segundo tumor primário (STP), 34 (17 simultâneos e 17 metacrônicos), do que no grupo controle, 20 (1 simultâneo e 19 metacrônicos). Não foi identificada diferença significativa entre o estadiamento dos tumores de grupo tríplice endoscopia e do grupo controle. As curvas de sobrevida global, específica por câncer, livre de doença e pós-STP foram semelhantes nos dois grupos. A sobrevida livre de STP foi maior no grupo controle. Na análise multivariada foram identificados como fatores prognósticos independentes para a sobrevida, o sexo (feminino, RR 0,51, IC 0,30 0,88), a idade (maior que 57 anos, RR 1,73, IC 1,29 2,31), a localização do tumor primário (laringe, RR 0,60, IC 0,39 0,93), o estádio N (N2 e N3, RR 1,78, IC 1,26 2,51) e o estádio clínico do tumor primário (III e IV, RR 2,75, IC 1,69 4,46). As variáveis independentes relacionadas ao diagnóstico e à ocorrência de STP foram a realização de tríplice endoscopia (RR 1,93; IC 95% 1,02 - 3,65), o tipo de tratamento do tumor primário (cirurgia exclusiva, RR 3,14; IC 95% 1,11 - 8,85) e o tempo de seguimento (maior que 24 meses, RR 3,69; IC 95% 1,19 - 11,47). CONCLUSÃO: Não ocorreu diferença no estádio clínico dos STP e nas sobrevidas global, específica por câncer, livre de doença e pós-STP entre o grupo tríplice endoscopia e o grupo controle. Foram identificados como fatores independentes relacionados ao diagnóstico e a ocorrência de STP o tratamento realizado (cirurgia exclusiva), o tempo de seguimento (maior que 24 meses) e a realização da tríplice endoscopia.<br>INTRODUCTION: Patients with upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) carcinomas have a high risk of developing others cancers simultaneously or subsequently. Most of these tumors occur in UADT, lungs or esophagus. Triple endoscopy (laryngoscopy, endoscopy and bronchoscopy) enables the diagnosis of premalignant and invasive tumors. However, most of the studies describe only the frequency of the diagnosis, but not the results of treatment and its impact on survival. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the importance of triple endoscopy for the diagnosis of multiple primary tumors and the differences in clinical stage and survival rates of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the UADT. To characterize and to analyze the risk factors for multiple primary tumors. METHODS: This is a case-control study that included patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the UADT, that were submitted to a triple endoscopy before the first treatment (triple endoscopy group), matched by sex, age and location, clinical stage and treatment of primary tumor, with patients not undergoing triple endoscopy in the initial evaluation (control group). RESULTS: One hundred and thirty five patients were included in each group. The diagnosis of second primary tumor (SPT) was more frequent in the triple endoscopy group than in the control group, 34 (17 simultaneous and 17 metachronous) and 20 cases (1 simultaneous and 19 metachronous), respectively. No significant difference was found between the clinical stage of triple endoscopy group and the control group. The curves of overall survival, cancer specific, disease-free and after SPT were similar in both groups. The SPT free survival was higher in the control group. In the multivariate analysis were identified as independent prognostic factors for survival, sex (women, RR 0.51, CI 0.30 - 0.88), age (older than 57 years, RR 1.73, CI 1.29 - 2.31), the primary tumor site (larynx, RR 0.60, CI 0.39 - 0.93), N stage (N2 and N3, RR 1.78, CI 1.26 - 2.51) and the clinical stage of primary tumor (III and IV, RR 2.75, CI 1.69 - 4.46). The independent variables related to the diagnosis and the occurrence of SPT were triple endoscopy (RR 1.93, 95% CI 1.02 - 3.65), the primary tumor treatment (surgery alone, RR 3.14, 95% CI 1.11 - 8.85) and follow-up (greater than 24 months, RR 3.69, 95% CI 1.19 - 11.47). CONCLUSION: There was no difference in the clinical stage of the SPT and overall survival, cancer specific, disease-free and post SPT between the triple endoscopy group and control group. As independent predictors for the diagnosis and the occurrence of SPT were treatment performed (just surgery), follow-up time (greater than 24 months) and triple endoscopy.
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Jorge, Uana Maria Miguel. "Tumores gástricos primários múltiplos e únicos: análise imunohistoquímica comparativa." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5154/tde-29012007-154954/.
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Introdução: Adenocarcinomas gástricos múltiplos primários (AGMP) são encontrados em 3,5% a 10% de todos os pacientes com câncer gástrico. A multiplicidade tumoral é amplamente reconhecida como indicador de predisposição genética para o desenvolvimento de neoplasias Além disso, as rotas de carcinogênese não estão claramente definidas nestes tumores (rota mutadora, ou supressora, ou da E-caderina). Objetivo: avaliar a imunoexpressão de hMLH1, hMSH2, e hMSH6 (rota mutadora), p53 (rota supressora) e E-caderina nos AGMP comparando-se com adenocarcinomas únicos (pareados quanto ao sexo, idade, tipo histológico, localização e estádio) e sua relação com dados clínico-patológicos. Casuística: dezenove pacientes com AGMP foram comparados a 21 pacientes com tumores gástricos únicos quanto a características imunohistoquímicas. Métodos: Blocos de tecido fixados em formalina a 10% e incluídos em parafina foram submetidos a cortes histológicos de 4 mm, para as avaliações histológica e imunohistoquímica para hMLH1, hMSH2, hMSH6, p53 e E-caderina. Resultados: A média de idade dos pacientes com AGPM foi de 66 + 9,06 anos, e de 60 + 16,9 anos nos pacientes com tumor único (P=0,56). Vinte e dois tumores estavam localizados na porção distal do estômago; 14, no corpo e cinco na porção proximal. Em 14 pacientes, as lesões eram próximas (< 3 cm), enquanto que, em cinco pacientes, as lesões estavam em outra porção do estômago. O estágio final anatomopatológico pós-operatório foi: 15 no estágio T1 (37,5%) (8 múltiplos e 7 únicos), 7 no estágio T2 (17,5%) (1 múltiplo e 6 únicos), 17 no estágio T3 (42,5%) (9 múltiplos e 8 únicos) e 1 no estágio T4 (27,5%) (1 múltiplo). Segundo a classificação de Laurén, 45 dos tumores foram do tipo intestinal (29 múltiplos e 16 únicos), 16 do tipo gástrico (12 múltiplos e 4 únicos) e um tumor do tipo misto (1 único). O estádio anatomopatológico revelou 30 tumores avançados (16 múltiplos e 14 únicos) e 32 precoces (25 múltiplos e 7 únicos). Na imunohistoquímica, não houve diferença entre a imunoexpressão nos dois grupos de tumores quanto a: hMLH1 (24,3% vs. 19% P=0,64), hMSH6 (4,8% vs. 2,4%, P=0,68), p53 (39% vs. 24%, P=0,35) e E-caderina (27% vs. 19%, P=0,46). hMSH2 foi positivo em todos os casos. Não houve associação entre os imuno-marcadores e os dados clínico-patológicos. Conclusões: 1. As rotas de carcinogênese, mutatora, supressora e E-caderina parecem estar independentemente envolvidas no desenvolvimento dos AGMP; 2. Não houve diferença de imunoexpressão dos marcadores analisados quando compararam-se os AGMP e os tumores únicos.<br>Introduction: Multiple primary gastric adenocarcinomas (MPGA) have been reported from 3.5% to 10% of all patients with gastric cancer. Tumoral multiplicity is largely known as an indicator of genetic predisposition for the development of neoplasias. Moreover, the route of carcinogenesis has not been clearly clarified in these tumors (mutator pathway or suppressor pathway). Aim: to evaluate the immunoexpression of hMLH1, hMSH2, and hMSH6 (mutator pathway), p53 (suppressor pathway) and E-cadherin in the MPGA, comparing to solitary adenocarcinomas (similar gender, age, histological type, location and staging) and also the relation to the clinicopathological data.: Casuistics: Nineteen patients (Group 1) with MPGA were compared to 21 patients (Group 2) with solitary gastric tumors regarding clinicopathological characteristics and immunohistochemistry. Methods: Blocks of tissue fixed in 10% formalin and embedded in parafin were submitted to 4 mm sections for histological and immunohistochemistry analysis for hMLH1, hMSH2 and hMSH6 (mutator pathway), p53 (suppressor pathway) and E-cadherin. Results: The mean age for the MPGA was 66.8 + 9.06 years, and 59.0 + 16.9 years for the solitary tumor group(P = 0.27). Twenty-two tumors were in the distal stomach, 14 were in the body and five in the proximal portion. In 14 patients the lesions were close to each other (< 3 cm), while in five patients the neoplasias were distant, in another portion of the stomach.The final postoperative pathological stage was: T1 in 15 (eight multiple and seven solitary), T2 in seven (one multiple and six soliatry), T3 in 17 ( nine multiple and eight solitary) and T4 in one ( one multiple). According to the Laurén classification, 45 tumors were intestinal type (29 multiple and 16 solitary), 16 were diffuse (12 multiple and four solitart) and one mixed type ( one solitary). 30 tumors were diagnosed in advanced staging (16 multiple and 14 soliatry) and 32 were early (25 multiple and seven solitary). There was no difference between the hMLH1 immunoexpression in the two groups (24.3% vs. 19%, P=0.64), hMSH6 (4.8% vs. 2.4%, P=0.68), p53 (39% vs. 24%, P=0.35) and E-cadherin (27% v.s 19%, P=0.46). Immunostaining for hMSH2 was positive in all MPGA, indicating absence of alterations of this repair gene marker. There was no association between the immunomarkers and the clinicopathological data. Conclusions: 1. Routes of carcinogenesis, mutator, suppressor, and E-cadherin appear to be involved independently in the development of MPGA; 2. There was no difference in the markers immunoexpression in the two groups.
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Vierimaa, O. (Outi). "Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) and Pituitary Adenoma Predisposition (PAP) in Northern Finland." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2008. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514288227.
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Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an inherited syndrome characterized by parathyroid, gastroenteropancreatic and pituitary neuroendocrine tumours. In Northern Finland, two founder mutations of the MEN1 gene (1466del12, 1657insC) accounting for the majority of the MEN1 cases, have common ancestors born in the 18th and 19th centuries, respectively. Three small clusters of familial pituitary adenoma have also been detected, two of which could be linked by genealogy to a common ancestral couple born in the 18th century.
Clinical evaluation of 82 MEN1 mutation carriers showed that age was a risk factor for most of the MEN1-related manifestations. In the whole group, nonfunctional pancreatic tumour (NFPT) was more common in the frameshift/nonsense mutation carriers (odds ratio 3.26; 95% confidence interval 1.27–8.33, P = 0.014), whereas gastrinoma was more common in the in-frame/missense mutation carriers (OR 6.77, CI 1.31–35.0, P = 0.022). In the founder mutation carriers, the 1657insC mutation predicted the risk for NFPT (OR 3.56, CI 1.29–9.83, P = 0.015), while the 1466del12 mutation was associated with the risk for gastrinoma (OR 15.1, CI 1.73–131.9, P = 0.014).
The mean ages at death of the 32 obligatory MEN1 founder mutation carriers born between 1728 and 1929 were compared to those of the 29 spouses and sex-matched life expectancy estimates derived from Finnish national statistics. The ages at death of the mutation carrier males (61.1 ± 12.0 years) and females (67.2 ± 10.7 years) did not differ from the control groups.
PAP (pituitary adenoma predisposition) locus was mapped in the chromosome region 11q12–11q13 by whole-genome single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping. Combining the linkage and the gene expression array data, AIP (aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein) was chosen for sequencing. The nonsense mutation Q14X was identified in the affected (acromegaly, gigantism, prolactinoma) family members and in four other patients. Loss of heterozygosity was detected in pituitary adenomas of AIP mutation carriers.
Mutation analysis of MEN1, HRPT2 (hyperparathyroidism 2), CASR (calcium-sensing receptor), CDKN1B (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B) and AIP genes was performed in primary hyperparathyroidism patients with features of inherited predisposition. One out of 29 patients was found to have the 1466del12 mutation, while no mutations were detected in other genes.
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BRICOUT, SOPHIE. "Association hyperparathyroidie primaire et neoplasie endocrinienne multiple : a propos d'un cas ; revue de la litterature." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1M338.
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Sekiya, Tomoko. "Análise do gene CDKN1B/p27kip1 em pacientes com neoplasia endócrina múltipla tipo 2." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5135/tde-26022014-112355/.
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INTRODUÇÃO: Na Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipla tipo 2 (NEM2), o desenvolvimento do Carcinoma Medular de Tireoide (CMT), Feocromocitoma (FEO) e Hiperparatireoidismo primário (HPT) está associado à mutações germinativas ativadoras no proto-oncogene RET. Casos de CMT esporádico podem apresentar mutações somáticas no RET (~40%). A variabilidade fenotípica observada em casos de CMT e FEO familiais associados à NEM2 indica o envolvimento de eventos genéticos adicionais que seriam responsáveis pelas diferenças clínicas observadas nos indivíduos afetados (idade de desenvolvimento, progressão e agressividade do tumor). Outras alterações genéticas no RET como duplas mutações, SNPs e haplótipos específicos podem influenciar na susceptibilidade, agressividade e modulação do fenótipo NEM2. Entretanto, os estudos de outros genes envolvidos no processo da tumorigênese NEM2 ainda estão em andamento. Recentemente foi mostrado que RET ativado controla a expressão de proteínas inibidoras do ciclo celular (p18 e p27). Mutações germinativas no gene p27 foram recentemente associadas à susceptibilidade de tumores neuroendócrinos e estão associadas à síndrome NEM4 (Neoplasia endócrina múltipla tipo 4). Mutações somáticas, inativadoras de p27, são raramente encontradas em vários tipos de tumores. Entretanto, diversos estudos documentaram que a redução na expressão e a sublocalização citoplamática de p27 são controladas por alterações pós-transducionais e/ou epigenéticas. OBJETIVOS: o estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a participação de genes, recentemente associados ao RET ativado, em tumores de pacientes com NEM2 e também verificar se polimorfismos no gene p27 estariam atuando como moduladores de fenótipo em uma grande família com NEM2. CASUÍTICA: foram analisadas 66 amostras tumorais advindas de 36 pacientes com diagnóstico clínico e genético de NEM2 e 28 indivíduos pertencentes a uma grande família com NEM2A-CMTF e mutação C620R no gene RET. MÉTODOS: As análises somáticas do p27 e também de p15, p18 e RET foram realizadas por PCR e sequenciamento direto de DNA e análise de microssatélites para p27 foi realizada por PCR e eletroforese capilar. Análises de expressão e localização da proteína p27 celular foram realizadas por Western blot e imunohistoquímica. A análise da modulação de fenótipo na família com NEM2A foi realizada por meio da amplificação do éxon 1 do gene p27 na amostra de sangue total. RESULTADOS: Não foram encontradas mutações somáticas no gene p27 e também nos genes p15 e p18. Entretanto, verificamos baixa expressão proteica de p27 em tumores CMT e FEO, a qual se encontrava relacionada com o tipo e agressividade do códon mutado no RET, principalmente em tumores que apresentavam mutação RET no códon 634 (controle x 634 p=0,05; controle x 634/791 p= 0,032; 620 x 634 p=0,045; 620 x 634/791 p= 0,002; 620 x 634 + 634/791 p=0,036). Notou-se também correlação positiva entre os níveis de expressão de p27 na localização nuclear, analisada por imunohistoquímica, e o genótipo TT do SNP p27 p.V109G (p=0,03). CONCLUSÕES: Alterações moleculares somáticas no gene p27 nos tumores NEM2 não são frequentes. Entretanto, a redução na expressão e a localização citoplasmática de p27 provavelmente estão associadas a alterações somáticas em outros genes que controlam os processos de fosforilação da proteína p27 (eventos pós-transducionais)<br>INTRODUCTION: In Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) the development of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), pheochromocytoma (PHEO) and primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) are associated with activating germline mutations in RET proto-oncogene. Cases of sporadic MTC may have somatic RET mutations (~ 40%). The phenotypic variability observed in cases with familial MTC/MEN2 and PHEO/MEN2 indicates the probable involvement of additional genetic events that could be responsible for the clinical differences observed in the affected individuals (age development, progression and aggressiveness of the tumor). Other genetic alterations such as RET double mutations, SNPs and specific haplotypes may influence susceptibility, aggressiveness and MEN2 phenotype modulation. However, studies of other genes involved in the tumorigenesis of MEN2 are still in progress. Recently, it was shown that the activated RET controls the expression of cell cycle inhibitory proteins (p18 and p27). Germline mutations in the p27 gene have recently been associated with the susceptibility to neuroendocrine tumors and are associated with the MEN4 syndrome (Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4). Somatic inactivating mutations p27 are rarely found in many types of tumors. However, several studies have documented that reduced expression and subcellular location of p27 is controlled by post-transductional changes and/or epigenetic factors. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the role of genes recently associated with RET activated in tumors from MEN2 patients and also check whether polymorphisms in the p27 gene would be acting as modulators of phenotype in a large MEN2 family. PATIENTS: We analyzed 66 tumor samples from 36 patients with clinical and genetic diagnosis of MEN2 and from 28 individuals belonging to a large family with FMTC/MEN2A and RET C620R mutation. METHODS: The analyses of somatic p27, p15, p18 and RET were performed by PCR and direct sequencing of DNA and microsatellite analysis was performed for p27 by PCR and capillary electrophoresis. Expression analysis and subcellular localization of p27 protein were performed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The analysis of phenotype modulation in MEN2A families was performed by the amplification of exon 1 of the p27 gene in a whole blood sample. RESULTS: There were no somatic mutations in the p27 gene and also in the p15 and p18 genes. However, we verified a low p27 protein expression in MTC/MEN2 and PHEO/MEN2 that showed a definite correlation with the type and aggressiveness of the mutated RET codon, mainly in those tumors from cases with germline RET codon 634 mutations (control vs 634, p=0,05; control vs 634/791, p= 0,032; 620 vs 634, p=0,045; 620 vs 634/791, p= 0,002; 620 vs 634 + 634/791, p=0,036). It was also verified a positive correlation between the immunohistochemistry expression of nuclear p27 subcellular location and the p27 p.V109G TT genotype (p=0,03). CONCLUSIONS: The reduction in the expression of p27 and its subcellular localization are likely to be associated with somatic changes in other genes that control the processes of phosphorylation of p27 protein through post-transductional events
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Coutinho, Flavia Lima. "Avaliação da densidade mineral óssea em pacientes com hiperparatireoidismo primário hereditário associado à neoplasia endócrina múltipla tipo 1, antes e após paratireoidectomia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5135/tde-16062009-171933/.
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INTRODUÇÃO: Hiperparatireoidismo primário (HPT) é uma doença endócrina relativamente comum, caracterizada por hipercalcemia associada a concentrações de PTH elevadas ou inapropriadamente normais. A maioria dos pacientes (90%-95%) apresenta a forma esporádica da doença, enquanto a forma familiar pode ocorrer associada à neoplasia endócrina múltipla tipo 1 (NEM1) e tipo 2, HPT-tumor de mandíbula, HPT neonatal severo e HPT isolada familiar. HPT associado com NEM1 (HPT/NEM1) difere da forma esporádica em vários aspectos, entre eles: acometimento multiglandular das paratireóides (hiperplasia x adenoma); início da doença mais precoce (20 x 40 anos); afeta homens e mulheres em proporção semelhante (1:1), em contraste a 1:3 no HPT esporádico; diferentes tratamentos cirúrgicos (paratireoidectomia total ou subtotal x adenomectomia); maior taxa de recorrência após paratireoidectomia (PTx); e tende a ser menos agressivo que o HPT esporádico. No HPT esporádico, o perfil da perda mineral óssea e o impacto do tratamento cirúrgico na densidade mineral óssea (DMO) estão bem definidos. Por outro lado, dados sobre perda óssea no HPT/NEM1 e sua potencial recuperação após PTx são escassamente relatados. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o perfil densitométrico e o impacto do tratamento cirúrgico na DMO em pacientes com HPT/NEM1. MÉTODOS: Neste estudo, avaliamos inicialmente 36 pacientes (18 homens e 18 mulheres) com diagnóstico de HPT/NEM1 (média de idade ao diagnóstico de HPT de 38,99 ± 14.46 anos, 20-74 anos). Estes pacientes pertenciam a oito famílias não relacionadas previamente caracterizadas clinicamente e portadoras de mutações germinativas MEN1. Avaliamos a DMO no terço proximal do rádio distal (1/3 RD), fêmur (colo do fêmur e fêmur total) e coluna lombar (L1-L4) destes 36 pacientes. A DMO foi medida pela densitometria óssea de dupla emissão com fonte de raios X (DXA) e os valores expressos em índice T, índice Z e em valores absolutos (g/cm2). Após esta avaliação da DMO, vinte e quatro pacientes foram submetidos à paratireoidectomia total seguida por auto-implante em antebraço não dominante. Em um grupo selecionado de 16 pacientes foi avaliada a densidade mineral óssea antes e após (período médio de 15 meses) o tratamento cirúrgico. RESULTADOS: Desmineralização óssea (osteoporose/osteopenia) foi observada no 1/3 RD (28/34, 79,4%); colo do fêmur (26/36, 72,7%) e na coluna lombar (25/36, 69,4%). Osteopenia foi principalmente observada no colo do fêmur (19/36, 52,8%), seguida pelo 1/3 RD (14/34, 41,2%) e coluna lombar (11/36, 30,5%). Osteoporose foi observada principalmente na coluna lombar (14/36, 38,9%) e 1/3 RD (14/34, 41,2%); enquanto no colo do fêmur (7/36, 19,4%) a prevalência foi menor . Valores médios de índice T estavam severamente reduzidos no 1/3 RD (- 2,46±1,436 DP), seguido pela coluna lombar (-2,05±1,539 DP). O colo do fêmur foi o menos afetado (-1,60±1,138 DP). Nos 16 pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico, no período médio de 15 meses após PTx, a DMO (g/cm2) aumentou significativamente na coluna lombar de 0,843 para 0,909 g/cm2 (+ 8,4%; p=0,001). A DMO (g/cm2) no colo do fêmur também aumentou significativamente de 0,745 para 0,798 g/cm2 (+ 7,7%; p=0.0001). No 1/3 RD não houve modificação estatisticamente significante da DMO (0,627 ± 0,089 para 0,622 ± 0,075; p=0,76). CONCLUSÃO: Nossos dados demonstraram que o rádio distal é o sítio ósseo preferencial para desmineralização óssea e que a coluna lombar pode não estar relativamente protegida na HPT/MEN1, como descrito no HPT esporádico. Um aumento significante foi observado na coluna lombar e no colo do fêmur em pacientes com HPT/NEM1, em um período médio de 15 meses após paratireoidectomia; enquanto no terço proximal do radio distal, não houve melhora significativa durante este estudo<br>INTRODUTION: Primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is a relatively common endocrine disorder, which is characterized by hypercalcemia and elevated or inappropriately normal levels of PTH. Most patients (90-95%) present with the sporadic form of the disease, whereas familial cases may occur associated with multiple endocrine neoplasias type 1 (MEN1) and type 2, jaw tumours, as well as severe neonatal form and familial isolated HPT. HPT associated with MEN1 (HPT/MEN1) differs from sporadic primary HPT (s- HPT) in the following aspects: it presents as a multiglandular parathyroid neoplasia (hyperplasia vs adenoma); it has an earlier disease onset (20 vs. 40 years of age); there is a sex ratio of 1:1 in contrast to the 1:3 ratio for s- HPT; different surgical treatment (total or subtotal parathyroidectomy x adenomectomy); there are higher recurrence rates after a parathyroidectomy (PTx); and it frequently tends to be less aggressive than s-HPT. In s-HPT, the bone loss profile and the impact of parathyroid surgery are well defined. In contrast, data on bone losses in HPT/MEN1 and the potential bone recovery after PTx have been scarcely reported. The aim of this study is to evaluate the bone mineral status and the impact of surgical treatment on bone mineral density (BMD) in HPT/MEN1 patients. METHODS: We studied 36 cases (18 males and 18 females) diagnosed with HPT/MEN1 (average age at the HPT diagnosis of 38.9 ± 14.46 years; range, 20-74 years). These patients belonged to eight unrelated MEN1 families previously clinically characterized and harboring germline MEN1 mutations. We have assessed the values of BMD in the proximal one third distal radius (1/3 distal radius), femoral (femoral neck and total) and lumbar spine (L1-L4) of these 36 HPT/MEN1 cases. BMD values were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and the values expressed in T, Z-score and in absolute values. After BMD analyses, twenty four out of them were submitted to total parathyroidectomy followed by autoimplant in the non-dominant forearm. BMD measurements were evaluated before and in a mean period of 15 months after surgery, in a subset of 16 patients. RESULTS: Bone demineralization (osteoporosis/osteopenia) was seen at the proximal third of distal radius (28/34, 79.4%); femoral neck (26/36, 72.7%) and in the lumbar spine (25/36, 69.4%). Osteopenia was mostly found in femoral neck (19/36, 52.8%), whereas 1/3 distal radius (14/34, 41.2%) and lumbar spine (11/36, 30.5%) were also represented. Osteoporosis was mostly marked at lumbar spine (14/36, 38.9%) and 1/3 DR (14/34, 41.2%), but femoral neck (7/36, 19.4%) was also affected. Mean T score values at the 1/3 DR were severely reduced (-2.46±1.436 SD), followed by lumbar spine (-2.05 ± 1.539 SD). The femoral neck was the least affected site (-1. 60 ± 1.138 SD). In the 16 cases submitted to surgical treatment, in a mean period of 15 months after PTX, BMD (g/cm2) significantly increased at the lumbar spine from 0.843 to 0.909 g/cm2 (+ 8.4%; p=0.001). Femoral neck BMD (g/cm2) also increased significantly from 0.745 to 0.798 g/cm2 (+ 7.7%; p=0.0001). In the proximal one third of distal radius, BMD (g/cm2) remained unchanged (baseline, 0.627 ± 0.089 to 0.622 ± 0.075; p=0.76). CONCLUSION: Our data confirmed distal radius as the preferential site of bone demineralization and that lumbar spine may not be relatively protected in HPT/MEN1, as related in the s-HPT. A significant increase in the BMD has been verified in the lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD in 16 patients with HPT/MEN1, in a mean period of 15 months after parathyroidectomy. However, the proximal one third of distal radius BMD did not present significant improvement during this study
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Damianse, Sabrina da Silva Pereira. "Frequência de neoplasia endócrina múltipla tipo 1 em pacientes portadores de adenomas hipofisários." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2016. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1431.
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Previous issue date: 2016-07-15<br>The multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a genetic syndrome with autosomal
dominant transmission, characterized by tumors of the parathyroid, anterior pituitary and
pancreas. Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common clinical presentation in MEN1
and evaluation of patients with pituitary adenomas for the presence of hyperparathyroidism
could identify patients with this syndrome. The aim of this study was to identify the frequency
of MEN1 by serum calcium and parathyroid hormone measurement in patients with pituitary
adenomas followed at the Endocrinology Service of the Hospital Universitário da
Universidade Federal do Maranhão (HUUFMA). This is a descriptive study with data
collected from the patients' medical charts in june 2015 to may 2016. We evaluated 300
patients with pituitary adenoma subtypes (128 prolactinomas, 67 acromegaly, 22
corticotropinomas, 3 gonadotropinomas and 80 adenomas clinically nonfunctioning) finding a
frequency of 1.3% of MEN1 patients among patients with adenomas pituitary. Patients with
MEN1 were mostly female and the average age at diagnosis of pituitary adenoma was 42.7
years, ranging between 24 and 57 years old. Pituitary tumors of these patients were more
often macroadenoma and the predominant subtype was somatotropinoma. At initial diagnosis,
our patients had apparently sporadic pituitary lesions, however, or were confirmed with
MEN1 early because they already have signs and/or symptoms of hyperparathyroidism, or
have been diagnosed very late caused mild symptoms of parathyroid disease. Therefore,
screening measures serum calcium and PTH in patients with pituitary adenomas are
recommended, primarily, because these tests are necessary to identify the most common
disease in MEN1, primary hyperparathyroidism. The study contributed to the identification of
new patients with MEN 1 in those patients with pituitary adenomas with the benefit of early
diagnosis, appropriate therapeutic approach and genetic counseling in family forms.<br>A neoplasia endócrina múltipla tipo 1 (NEM1) é uma síndrome genética, com transmissão autossômica dominante, caracterizada por tumores da paratireóide, da hipófise anterior e do pâncreas. O hiperparatireoidismo primário é apresentação clínica mais frequente na NEM1 e a avaliação dos pacientes com diagnóstico de adenomas hipofisários quanto à presença de hiperparatireoidismo poderia identificar pacientes com esta síndrome. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a frequência de NEM1 a partir das dosagens séricas de cálcio e paratormônio em pacientes portadores de adenomas hipofisários acompanhados no Serviço de Endocrinologia do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (HUUFMA). Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com dados coletados a partir dos prontuários de atendimento dos pacientes no período de junho de 2015 a maio de 2016. Foram avaliados 300 pacientes com diagnóstico de adenoma hipofisário de diferentes subtipos (128 prolactinomas, 67 acromegálicos, 22 corticotropinomas, 3 gonadotropinomas e 80 adenomas clinicamente não-funcionantes) encontrando-se uma frequência de 1,3% de pacientes NEM1 dentre os portadores de adenomas hipofisários. Os pacientes com NEM1 eram, em sua maioria, do sexo feminino e a média de idade ao diagnóstico da lesão hipofisária foi de 42,7 anos, variando entre 24 e 57 anos de idade. Os tumores hipofisários desses pacientes eram mais frequentemente macroadenomas e o subtipo predominante foi somatotropinoma. Ao diagnóstico inicial, dos pacientes eram, aparentemente, portadores de lesões pituitárias esporádicas, no entanto, ou foram confirmados precocemente com NEM1, pois já possuíam sinais e/ou sintomas relacionados ao hiperparatireoidismo, ou foram diagnosticados muito tardiamente devidos sintomas leves da doença paratireoidiana. Portanto, o rastreio com dosagens de cálcio e PTH séricos em pacientes portadores de adenomas hipofisários é recomendado, principalmente, por serem exames necessários para identificar a doença mais frequente na NEM1, o hiperparatireoidismo primário. O estudo contribuiu para identificação de novos pacientes com NEM 1, naqueles portadores de adenomas hipofisários com o benefício do diagnóstico precoce, abordagem terapêutica adequada e aconselhamento genético nas formas familiares.
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Marinho, Pedro André Vasconcelos. "Neoplasia de cabeça e pescoço: ocorrência de tumores primários múltiplos." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/7615.
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Têm-se verificado um aumento na incidência de tumores primários múltiplos (TPM), estes caracterizam-se pela existência de dois ou mais tumores primários com origem numa dada região. A cancerização em campo é uma teoria que explica o aparecimento de TPM. Fatores de risco como álcool e tabaco estão relacionados com o desenvolvimento deste campo. Outros fatores como o Vírus do Papiloma Humano (HPV) podem também estar envolvidos na origem de TPM. O aparecimento de TPM é uma das principais causas de morte em pacientes com cancro de cabeça e pescoço (CCP), deste modo é essencial proceder ao seu diagnóstico precoce para obter um melhor prognóstico.<br>There has been an increase in the incidence of multiple primary tumors (PMS), these are characterized by the existence of two or more primary tumors originating in a given region. Field cancerization is a theory that explains the appearance of PMS. Risk factors such as alcohol and tobacco are related to the development of this field. Other factors such as Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) may also be involved in the origin of PMS. The appearance of PMS is of the leading causes of death in patients with head and neck cancer (CCP), so it is essential to make an early diagnosis to obtain a better prognosis.
Books on the topic "Multiple primary neoplasms"
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service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Multiple Primary Malignancies. Springer Milan, 2009.
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National Cancer Institute (U.S.), ed. Multiple primary cancers in Connecticut and Denmark. U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, 1985.
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Patrias, Karen. Diagnosis and management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: January 1986 through September 1990, 1057 citations. U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, Reference Section, 1990.
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Patrias, Karen. Diagnosis and management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: January 1986 through September 1990 : 1057 citations. U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, Reference Section ; Washington, D.C. : Sold by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O., 1990.
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Dakubo, Gabriel D. Field cancerization: Basic science and clinical applications. Nova Science, 2011.
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Moertel, Charles G. Multiple Primary Malignant Neoplasms: Their Incidence and Significance. Springer, 2012.
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Moertel, Charles G. Multiple Primary Malignant Neoplasms: Their Incidence And Significance. Springer, 2012.
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Morton, Lindsay M., Sharon A. Savage, and Smita Bhatia. Multiple Primary Cancers. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190238667.003.0060.
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As prognosis following a cancer diagnosis has improved and survival has increased, so has the occurrence of multiple primary cancers diagnosed in the same individual. In the United States, one in five cancer diagnoses involves an individual with a previous history of cancer. These new primary cancer diagnoses, or “subsequent neoplasms” (SN), are a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer survivors. The risk of developing SN varies substantially depending on age, the type of initial primary cancer, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, genetic susceptibility, and exposure to other cancer risk factors. Childhood cancer survivors have particularly elevated SN risks associated with radiotherapy and, to a lesser extent, systemic therapy. Genetic susceptibility to cancer is also thought to play an important role in SN development after childhood cancer. Survivors of many adulthood cancers also have elevated SN risks, likely with a multifactorial etiology.
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Schoenberg, Bruce S. Multiple Primary Malignant Neoplasms: The Connecticut Experience, 1935-1964. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Multiple primary neoplasms"
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Kaiser, H. E. "Multiple Primary Neoplasms." In Influence of Tumor Development on the Host. Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2528-1_6.
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Kamakura, Mitsuhiro, Haruo Kondo, and Shaw Watanabe. "Multiple Primary Neoplasms: Comparison Between Japan and the U.S.A." In Etiology of Cancer in Man. Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2532-8_5.
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Watanabe, Shaw. "Multiple Primary Neoplasms: Role of Autopsy. Selected Sites, with Emphasis on Japan." In Influence of Tumor Development on the Host. Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2528-1_5.
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Bonneville, Fabrice, H. Rolf Jäger, and James G. Smirniotopoulos. "Differential Diagnosis of Intracranial Masses." In IDKD Springer Series. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50675-8_8.
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AbstractThe differential diagnosis of cerebral mass lesions includes neoplastic, inflammatory, infective, and vascular lesions, as well as incidental developmental anomalies. A differential diagnostic approach should be based on the patient’s mode of presentations and prior clinical history, as well as on a systematic analysis of imaging patterns. This includes anatomical features, such as intra- vs. extra-axial, predominant gray matter or white matter involvement, supra-versus infratentorial, single vs. multiple, as well as signal characteristics on standard MR sequences, enhancement patterns, and findings on diffusion-weighted imaging, and hemorrhage-sensitive and perfusion sequences. Here we will discuss primary and secondary cerebral neoplasms in broad terms and illustrate the most important tumor mimics.
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Lairmore, Terry C. "Subtotal Parathyroidectomy Versus Total Parathyroidectomy with Autotransplantation for Patients with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia 1 and Primary Hyperparathyroidism." In Difficult Decisions in Endocrine Surgery. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92860-9_15.
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Woodruff, Michael. "Diversity of cells in tumours." In Cellular Variation and Adaptation in Cancer. Oxford University PressOxford, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198542544.003.0001.
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Abstract The appropriate generic term for the pathological entities with which this book is concerned is neoplasm; the primary subdivision of neoplasms is into those classed as benign and those classed as malignant. What constitutes a neoplasm? Various definitions have been proposed; none is entirely satisfactory. Invasive growth, capacity to metastasize, and damage to the host that is independent of the site of the lesion, often suffice to characterize a neoplasm as malignant; but it is difficult to devise criteria by which to distinguish between benign neoplasms and non-neoplastic hyperplasia. Lesions regarded as benign neoplasms are typically localized and often solitary, while conditions such as fibroadenosis of the breast and nodular goitre, which are not regarded as neoplastic, are usually diffuse, but there are many exceptions. Thus neuro-fibromas of the skin and fibromyomas of the uterus are often multiple, and fibroadenomas of the breast are multiple occasionally; on the other hand, fibroadenosis of the breast may be localized, and nodular goitre sometimes takes the form of a solitary nodule. Another distinction that is sometimes drawn is that non-neoplastic hyperplasia is often attributable to endocrine stimulation whereas little or nothing is known about the aetiology of benign neoplasms except when, as in the case of the common wart, a virus is clearly involved. But ignorance of aetiology seems a poor basis on which to construct a classification.
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Uysal, Suzan. "Brain Neoplasms." In Functional Neuroanatomy and Clinical Neuroscience. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190943608.003.0021.
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Abstract A brain neoplasm is a growth of abnormal cells within the brain or in the tissues immediately surrounding the brain. There are more than 150 types of brain tumors, and they are characterized along multiple dimensions: intrinsic or extrinsic, invasive or noninvasive, benign or malignant, primary or metastatic, growth rate, cell type from which they originate, and other histological features. The principal categories based on cell type of origin are gliomas, meningiomas, pituitary tumors, Schwannomas, and metastases. The most common presentations of brain tumor are focal neurological signs and symptoms, seizures, headache and other signs and symptoms of elevated intracranial pressure, and endocrine abnormalities. Brain tumors are treated by surgical tumor resection, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and various combinations of these approaches. This chapter describes the classification, grading, presenting clinical signs and symptoms, treatment, and neurobehavioral effects of intracranial tumors.
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Ernst, D. Scott. "Role of Bisphosphonates and Other Bone Resorption Inhibitors in Metastatic Bone Pain." In Topics in Palliative Care. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195102468.003.0007.
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Abstract Bone metastases are a frequent occurrence in patients with advanced cancer, usually developing from primary malignancies of the breast, prostate, and lung. Indeed, autopsy studies suggest that bone metastases occur in up to 85% of patients who die from these primaries. Other primary tumors, such as kidney, bladder, and neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract, also metastasize to bone and account for up to 20% of those patients with bone lesions. Of the hematological malignancies, multiple myeloma typically has extensive bone involvement, which contributes significantly to the morbidity of the disease.
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Alshammary, Amal F., Mashael Al-Toub, Maha F. Almutairi, et al. "Cancer Types." In Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics (Part 2). BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815124606123010004.
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Normally, to replace damaged cells or for the purpose of growth, healthy cells can divide according to the proliferation potency, in a systematic and controlled manner. When this mechanism is interfered with in such a way that the cell multiplies beyond the control system, a neoplasm may originate. The name (neoplasm) comes from the ancient Greek words neo, which means “new,” and plasma, which means “creation, formation.”. Even after the underlying trigger is removed, a neoplasm's growth is disorganized with that of the healthy surrounding tissue, and it continues to grow abnormally. When this abnormal neoplastic growth creates a mass, it is referred to as a ” tumor”. There are four primary types of neoplasms (tumor): benign (non.cancerous), in situ, malignant (cancerous), and neoplasms of unclear or unidentified behaviour, which follow the pattern of cell development. Oncology is concerned with malignant neoplasms, which are commonly known as malignancies or cancers. In Oncology, many cancer classifications emerged, however, the most notable of which is based on the nomenclature by the type of tissue from which it arises, or by the primary site in the body where it originally appeared. Herein, this chapter will go over the definition of cancer, classifications as well as the key differences between the types of cancers. This chapter will also cover the pathophysiology and epidemiology of the many types of cancers.
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Tham, Emma, and Catharina Larsson. "Hereditary primary hyperparathyroidism and multiple endocrine neoplasia." In Endocrinology in Clinical Practice. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16712-9.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Multiple primary neoplasms"
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Maffei, Rafael Tuzino Leite Neves, Daniel Natalio Gauss Yankelevich, Maria Carolina Soares, Leonardo de Sousa Bernardes, Bruna Gutierres Gambirasio, and Adrialdo José Santos. "Multiple cerebral ring enhancing lesions: an atypical finding of high-grade glioma." In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.508.
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Introduction: High-grade gliomas are primary neoplasms of the central nervous system and can have multiple clinical and neuroimaging presentations. An unusual radiologic image can lead to diagnostic difficulty, and cancer treatment delay. In rare cases, primary brain tumor can mimic multiple abscesses in magnetic resoanance imaging (MRI). The aim of this paper is to describe a diagnostic challenge in MRI imaging of brain tumors. Case Report based on a retrospective analysis of the medical records of the patient. Case report: This case report describes a previously healthy 48-year-old male evaluated for a first episode of tonic-clonic seizure. Brain MRI showed multiple focal cerebral ring enhancing lesions, with centrally restricted diffusion and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) demonstrating incomplete hypointense rims in the lesion margin. Infectious and neoplastic diseases were suspected, including brain abscess, primary brain tumors or metastases. The initial systemic investigation for infection and primary tumor was negative and brain biopsy showed nonspecific inflammation. Empirical antibiotic therapy was started, with no clinical response. To better elucidate the diagnosis, surgical resection of the lesions was undertaken. Histopathologic exam showed a high-grade glial tumor, with 20% Ki-67, ATRX and IDH1 mutation, which was compatible with Grade IV astrocytoma. Conclusion: Multiple cerebral ring enhancing lesions can be an atypical presentation of high grade glioma and a diagnostic challenge. In this cases SWI can help differentiate from brain abscess, which presents complete and smooth hypointense rims.
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Rabin, Yoed, Thomas B. Julian, Peter Olson, Michael J. Taylor, and Norman Wolmark. "Cryosurgery for Breast Malignancies: Apparatus and Techniques." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0585.
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Abstract The treatment of breast cancer has evolved from the time of mutilation and ignorance in the middle ages, to one of breast conserving management and an intense study and understanding of the biological mechanisms driving tumor cells. As the treatment is directed to the cellular and sub-cellular level, breast conserving surgical procedures take on a more important role. Recent published results from neoadjuvant trials indicate a decrease in tumor size in 80% of patients and a modest increase in conversion from mastectomy to lumpectomy. By 2010 AD, it is estimated that 50% of all new breast cancers discovered will be less than 10 mm in diameter (Cady et al., 1996), which represents 90,000 patients. Standard surgical treatment would require an open segment resection, an operating room, anesthesia, cosmetic concerns and substantial cost. Add to this the number of patients who require segmental resection following complete clinical or pathological response following neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and the cost increases. An alternative method of tumor removal or destruction for small malignancies is needed to complete the biological assault on breast cancer. Cryosurgery may be one of these alternative means. Cryosurgery has been used successfully for more than three decades to treat benign and malignant neoplasms. To date, there is one reported case of primary breast cancer treatment with cryotherapy (Staren et al., 1997), which was followed up with ultrasound-guided biopsy, and which was found negative for malignancy 12 weeks post-cryosurgery. Cryotherapy carries many benefits in addition to the attractive concept of minimally invasive surgery. Low temperatures generate anaesthetic effect. Hemorrhage is reduced due to thrombosis of small blood vessels. Cryotherapy may cause stimulation of the body’s immune system, which additionally augments local tumor destruction and may also induce a response in metastatic tumor sites (Suzuki, 1995). With multiple treatments such as neoadjuvant therapy, hormone therapy, and radiation, which have the ability to downsize primary cancers and treat small cancers, lumpectomy may be increasingly used. Current diagnostic imaging trends are increasingly detecting small cancers (&lt; 1 cm). The minimization of surgical intervention to compliment these trends is a natural progression of technology and understanding of the biological processes involved. Our ongoing research program to evaluate cryosurgery in the breast is comprised of several phases: (i) development of a miniaturized cryoprobe and a cryodevice for minimally invasive breast cryosurgery; (ii) validation testing of the cryoprobe and device in vivo; (iii) development of a technique to evaluate the injury associated with cryotreatment of the breast; (iv) comparison of the ultrasound imaged “‘ice-ball” in vivo with the resulting cryoinjury immediately post-cryosurgery; and, (v) long-term follow-up post-cryosurgery in a recently-pregnant sheep breast model. The work to date is part of this report.
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Belluco, Rosana Zabulon Feijó, Carolina Gaze Gonçalves Fontenele Gomes, Paulo Eduardo Silva Belluco, et al. "LOCALLY ADVANCED SYNCHRONOUS BILATERAL BREAST CANCER: A RARE CASE REPORT." In Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium 2022. Mastology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942022v32s2083.
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Introduction: Synchronous bilateral breast cancer (SBBC) consists of the simultaneous presence of two primary tumors at diagnosis. There is no consensus on its origin, and it may be a metastasis of a primary lesion or a second independent tumor. The incidence of SBBC has been reported to be approximately 3%. The prognosis of SBBC was considered to be reserved, which is why bilateral mastectomy is the preferred approach. Case report: A 44-year-old patient with no family record of gynecological neoplasm sought care reporting bilateral breast pain and palpable nodular lesions on the breasts. On examination, a hard nodule measuring 10×12 cm was palpated on the left breast (LB) associated with ulcerated areas in the superior lateral quadrant. On the right breast (RB), a mobile nodule was palpable, measuring 8×8 cm with chocolate- -colored nipple discharge. Clinically positive axillary lymph nodes are bilateral. She had a mammogram, which showed a nodule with spiculated contours, measuring 2.5 cm in the SLQ of the LB, with apparent associated dermal retraction and multiple, grouped microcalcifications on RB-BIRADS 5. She underwent core biopsy, which resulted in invasive lobular carcinoma and dermal infiltration, with immunohistochemistry (IHC): positive PR and ER, positive HER2, Ki-67 positive in 40% on LB, and carcinoma invasive ductal, non-special type, with IHC: negative RP and RE, HER2 score 3+, and Ki-67 positive in 60% on RB. She underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, followed by bilateral mastectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy. The anatomopathological (AP) study of the LB surgical specimens revealed residual ductal carcinoma in situ, free margins, and neoplasm-free lymph nodes. The RB’s AP revealed high-grade (comedocarcinoma), intermediate-grade residual intraductal carcinoma, alongside an extensive fibro hyalinized area of the stroma, foci of lobular cancerization, absence of residual invasive component, free margins, and absence of lymph node metastasis. The patient underwent adjuvant radiotherapy and hormone therapy with tamoxifen.
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Nascimento, Ranier Colbek, and Sabrina Ribas Freitas. "A 29-YEAR-OLD PREGNANT WOMAN WITH METASTATIC BREAST CANCER: A CASE REPORT." In Abstracts from the Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium - BBCS 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s2107.
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Pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is defined as a breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy, lactation, or in the first postpartum year. PABC is a rare complication that occurs in approximately 0.01% to 0.03% of all pregnancies. The difficulty in diagnosis worsens the prognosis. D.G., 29-year-old, female, noted a mass in her right breast in June 2020. One month later with 13+4 weeks’ gestation, she presented to the obstetrics emergency with recurrent episodes of lower back pain. She was released home with pain relief and was instructed to realize a mammography due to the presence of a 4-cm mass on physical examination of the right breast. Patient returned 12 days later with severe low back pain, a BIRADS 4C mammography, and multiple liver lesions in total abdomen ultrasound. Core-needle biopsy demonstrated a stage II invasive ductal carcinoma with hormone receptors positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive. There is involvement of the axilla and intramammary lymph nodes. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lower back and sacroiliac joint was performed and found multiple lesions suspected of metastasis in the inferior thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, ilium, and femurs. Computed tomography (CT) of the thorax identified a 2.3×1.8 cm irregular lesion in the right breast compatible with the primary neoplasm. Chemotherapy was initiated till she was 31 weeks’ gestation. After childbirth, she reinitiates chemotherapy. Three months later, the patient has convulsive episodes. Cranial CT was done and found multiple lesions compatible with brain metastasis, so she initiated brain radiotherapy. PABC can present itself as a challenging situation with nonspecific symptoms and at an advanced stage. Therefore, it is important to have the PABC in our list of differential diagnoses in this patient.
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Pâslaru, Ana Maria, Ana Maria Fătu, Alexandru Nechifor, Laura Florentina Rebegea, Diana Bulgaru Iliescu, and Anamaria Ciubara. "PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY. CASE PRESENTATION." In The European Conference of Psychiatry and Mental Health "Galatia". Archiv Euromedica, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35630/2022/12/psy.ro.35.
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Increased survival of oncology patients brings to attention new aspects of adverse effects due to antineoplastic treatment. Psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular disorders as well as the progressive incidence of multiple primary neoplasia are some of the most common side effects. Aim: Care of the oncology patient undergoes an important period of change, from the management of tumor disease to the multidisciplinary approach, centered on improving the quality of life. Method: We present the case of a 75-year-old patient, whose personal pathological history reveals the presence of a diagnosis of left testicular seminoma, in 1978, for which he received radiochemical therapy. An oncological patient under long-term medical supervision for several decades is diagnosed in November 2017 with urothelial carcinoma, infiltrative, invasive in his own muscle patch, pT2NxMx. Approximately 40 years later, the second neoplastic site, the malignant bladder tumor, appears. Facing this diagnosis, the patient becomes anxious, anticipates catastrophic consequences, isolates himself. The family and friends support is essential in these moments, the patient tries cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy, as well as various relaxation techniques, which have positive results for the patient attitude towards the disease. He admits, to complete staging, to follow the recommendations of the oncologist, perform proton emission tomography, which detects the presence of two lesions on the right lung. In January 2018, the surgical intervention is done by straight thoracotomy, atypical upper lobe resection and inferior lobectomy is performed. The histopathological and immunohistochemical results describe the presence of the third primary adenocarcinoma neoplasia. The initial emotional reaction is one of anger, denial, followed by demoralization, easy crying, sadness. The patient is examined by the psychiatrist, thus receiving the diagnosis of a severe depressive episode without psychotic symptoms. He follows an anxiolytic, antidepressant, sedative treatment but continues also the cognitive-behavioral therapy. The patient shows good compliance with psychopharmacological treatment and accepts adjuvant chemotherapy courses, which are well tolerated. Throughout the antineoplastic therapy, there was a close collaboration between the psychiatrist and the oncologist, to avoid drug interactions that could have led to interruption of the treatment. Under the oncology supervision, the patient receives another bad news, in September 2018, the fourth neoplastic localization, the prostatic adenocarcinoma pT2bN0M0, is discovered. In this case, in the presence of the combination of synchronous and methacrone tumors, the patient's psyche is deeply affected, continuing the psychopharmacological treatment. Conclusions: Psychiatric disorders are common among oncological patients, and they may suffer serious impairments in quality of life and treatment compliance, psycho-oncological collaboration being indispensable for the success of antineoplastic treatment.
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Carvalho, Gabriella Ferreira, Larissa Santana Bitencourt, Isis Coimbra de Almeida Sampaio, Mauro Fróes Assunção, and Mariana Rafaella Dantas Cordeiro. "BREAST ANGIOSSARCOMA IN A MALE PATIENT: A CASE REPORT." In XXIV Congresso Brasileiro de Mastologia. Mastology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942022v32s1010.
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Primary sarcomas of the breast originate from connective tissue and are responsible for less than 1% of all breast malignancies with an incidence of 5 cases per million in the United States. Primary breast angiosarcoma originates in the parenchyma and can secondarily compromise the skin and pectoral muscles in advanced cases. Sarcoma is present more in women between the ages of 14 and 82, mainly in the third and fourth decades of life. At diagnosis, as in other sarcomas, the size is bigger than 5 cm, with a direct correlation with prognosis; because of few data in literature due to its incidence and frequent error and the inespecific clinical and radiological signs, we report a case of breast angiosarcoma in a male patient from the Hospital Santo Antônio/Obras Sociais Irmã Dulce, Salvador, BA. It is the case of a 42-year-old man with a nodule in the upper medial quadrant of the right breast, measuring 2 cm. The mammogram and ultrasound showed a 1.4-cm regular nodule in the upper medial quadrant, BI-RADS 4. The patient underwent a core biopsy with a pathology reporting a chronic inflammatory process and a nonmalignant neoplasia; immunohistochemical positive for CD 68 and LCA and negative for cytokeratin 34beta12, P63, and cytokeratin AE1/AE3. Then, the nodule was excised and the pathology result showed a fusiform cell neoplasia with a positive posterior margin confirmed by immunohistochemical that neoplastic cells were positive for CD34 and CD31, negative for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, and inconclusive to smooth muscle actin with KI-67 <10%, leading to the diagnosis of angiosarcoma. After that, the margins re-excision the pathological staging (American Joint Committee on Cancer) ypT0. No evidence was found for metastases in other sites. The patient is now waiting for radiotherapy for local control benefits. There were 16 fractions in the right breast and a multidisciplinary follow-up. The discussion showed a rare case in the literature in agreement with the 170 cases reported, with a great impact when seen in men since the case reported prevalence in women. In relation to diagnosis, it becomes a challenge, especially in low-grade malignant tumors with multiple tissue pieces and needed the best pathology analysis, which could delay treatment. The inespecific alterations in imaging examinations as well as at tests, such as the presence of fatty tissue in a mammogram, would include hemangiomas and angiolipomas as differential diagnosis contributing to delay in the diagnosis. As treating large tumor resection due to aggressive behavior is recommended, it is a therapeutic option if associated with radiotherapy reducing risk by 20–50%. That was the treatment adopted for the patient described above. This study, besides contributing to the literature on angiosarcoma incidence, also affects the possible presentation in male patients, elevating the diagnostic hypothesis of nodule in the cases of early adequate treatment.