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Seward, Lori Welte. "A multiple stress, multiple component stress screening cost model." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41578.
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Environmental stress screening is used to enhance reliability by decreasing the number of failures experienced during customer use. It is suggested that added benefit can be gained by applying multiple stresses rather than a single stress, as is done presently. A further modification is to apply the stress at the assembly level, accelerating different types of components at the same time. Different component E A e acceleration effects must then be considered.
The problem these modifications present is how to choose the appropriate stress levels and the time duration of the stress screen. A cost model is developed that trades off the cost of a field failure with the cost of applying a multiple stress, multiple component stress screen. The objective is to minimize this cost function in order to find an economical stress regimen.
The problem is solved using the software package GINO. The interesting result is that if a stress is used at all during the stress screen, the maximum amount of stress is the economic choice. Either the cost of stressing is low enough to justify the use of a stress, in which case the maximum amount of stress is used, or the cost is too high and the stress is not used at all.
Master of Science
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Briones, Buixassa Laia. "PsychoMSS Study: Stress and Psychosocial Factors in Multiple Sclerosis." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400526.
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The stress effect on Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has yielded disparate results. One reason may be the heterogeneity in the stress measure and the presence of potential moderators/mediators. Aims: to analyse the stress effect on MS under a transactional approach and to elucidate the role of coping, social support, anxiety, alexithymia and early-life stress in this relationship. Methods: the study consisted in three phases: a systematic review, a case-control study (n= 82), and a longitudinal one year follow-up study (n=26). Linear and Multiple Hierarchical models were conducted. Results: people with MS (pwMS) showed more passive coping, less perceived social support and greater anxiety and alexithymia. The bidirectional hypothesis was confirmed with self-reported stress and functionality. Coping and anxiety showed a moderator effect. Conclusions: stress and MS may follow a deteriorating cycle. Psychotherapeutic interventions should be conducted in early stages of MS to improve functionality and quality of life in pwMS.L’efecte de l’estrès en l’Esclerosi Múltiple (EM) ha mostrat resultats diversos. L’heterogeneïtat en l’avaluació de l’estrès i la presencia de factors mediadors/moderadors poden ser-ne la causa. Objectius: analitzar l’efecte de l’estrès en l’EM (aproximació transaccional) i explicar el paper moderador de l’afrontament, el suport social, l’ansietat, l’alexitimia i l’estrès primerenc. Mètodes: l’estudi té tres fases; una revisió sistemàtica, un estudi cas-control (n=82), i un estudi longitudinal de seguiment d’un any (n=26). L’anàlisi va incloure models jeràrquics lineals i mixtes. Resultats: les persones amb EM van mostrar un afrontament més passiu, menys suport social i més ansietat i alexitimia. La hipòtesi bidireccional es confirmà amb mesures auto-reportades d’estrès i funcionalitat. L’afrontament i l’ansietat mostraren un efecte moderador. Conclusions: l’estrès i l’EM poden seguir un cicle deteriorant. Les intervencions psicoterapèutiques s’haurien d’implementar en els primers estadis de l’EM per millorar la funcionalitat i la qualitat de vida en les persones amb EM.
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Newman, Christopher Richard. "NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF STRESS DISTRIBUTIONS FOR MULTIPLE BACKFILLED STOPES." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/mng_etds/43.
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Over the past three decades, technological innovations with respect to cemented paste backfill (CPB) as a means of ground support has allowed for increased production within the mining industry, management mine waste costs, as well as the improvement of the overall health and safety of underground mining operations. Despite the extensive use of this relatively new ground support material, many fundamental factors affecting the design of safe and economical CPB structures are still not well understood.Recently, a significant amount of academic and industry research has been conducted to better understanding the distribution of stress with respect to primary-secondary extraction sequencing for stope-and-fill mining operations. While current, as well as past research, as provided a wealth of knowledge on the distribution of stress through the fill material itself, it lacks in providing an examination into the mechanism by which stress is able to redistribute itself through the backfill material as well as within the surrounding rockmass.
The scope of this work is to optimize stope-and-fill extraction sequencing through the analysis of stress distributions as well as local and global stability of multiple narrow verticalfully-drained backfilled stopes. Scientific investigations into the behavior of the CPB material and surrounding rockmass will result in animproved understanding of how to better implement engineered paste-fill materials as a means of ground support for underground mining operations. Numerical simulations (FLAC3D and RocScience) were utilized in analyzing hypothetical (literature) as well as site-specific (field) case studies. While these simulations confirm generalized stress behaviors within the backfill material for single and adjacent stopes, stress redistributions within the surrounding rockmass as well as the rock-pillarindicate the development of tensile and compressive zones. From these results, one is able to better approximate ground and CPB instability with respect to site-specific conditions, geometries, and material properties. These simulations have been validated with respect to published analytical solutions, numerical simulations, and site-measurements for single (isolated) and adjacent narrow vertical fully-drained backfilled stopes.
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Fläring, Urban. "Glutathione during stress in man /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-799-5/.
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Viziteu, Elena. "RECQ1 Helicase Involvement in the Resistance to Replication Stress and Chemotherapy in Multiple Myeloma Myélome Multiple." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTT008.
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Le myélome multiple (MM) est une néoplasie B caractérisée par l’accumulation d’un clone plasmocytaire dans la moelle osseuse. Des études ont démontré que les modifications épigénétiques comme la méthylation de l’ADN jouent un rôle dans la régulation d’expression de différents gènes associés au cancer. Dans une étude récente, nous avons pu décrire un score génique de méthylation de l’ADN permettant de prédire la sensibilité des cellules de MM aux inhibiteurs de DNMT (DNA methyltranfexrase) (Moreaux, et al 2012). Parmi les gènes dont l’expression est inhibée par les inhibiteurs de DNMT et associés avec un pronostic péjoratif chez les patients atteints de MM, nous avons identifié RECQ1. RECQ1 est une hélicase de la famille RECQ qui s’associe aux origines de réplication durant la phase S du cycle cellulaire et joue un rôle important dans l’élongation des fourches de réplication. RECQ1 est fortement exprimé dans différents types de tumeurs solides et l’inhibition de RECQ1 conduit à la catastrophe mitotique et inhibe la croissance de tumeurs solides. Le but de notre projet a été de caractériser la fonction de RECQ1 dans la physiopathologie du MM et les mécanismes de résistance aux traitements. Afin d’étudier le rôle biologique de RECQ1 dans les plasmocytes tumoraux, nous avons utilisé des vecteurs lentiviraux pour induire de façon inductible la surexpression ou l'inhibition de RECQ1. La déplétion de RECQ1 dans les cellules de MM entraîne une inhibition de la croissance, une induction significative d’apoptose et la formation de foyers 53BP1 indiquant la présence de cassures d’ADN double brin. Une forte expression de RECQ1 étant associée à un mauvais pronostic et la déplétion de RECQ1 conduisant à une induction de cassures d’ADN double brin, nous nous sommes demandé si l’inhibition de l’expression de RECQ1 pourrait sensibiliser les cellules de MM aux agents génotoxiques utilisés dans le traitement du MM. La déplétion de RECQ1 sensibilise, de façon significative, les cellules de MM au melphalan suggérant que l’association d’un inhibiteur de DNMT pour cibler RECQ1 et du melphalan pourrait avoir un effet synergique chez les patients RECQ1++. La surexpression de RECQ1 protège les lignées cellulaires de myélome contra l'apoptose induite par melphalan et bortézomib. De plus, l'épuisement RECQ1 sensibilise les cellules de myélome de traitement est démontré que RECQ1 interagit avec des protéines impliquées dans différentes voies de réparation des dommages de l’ADN : PARP1 (NHEJ/BER), RAD51 (HR), MSH2 et MSH6 (Mismatch repair). RECQ1 interagit avec PARP1 dans la fraction chromatinienne des cellules de MM mais pas avec RAD51 ni MSH2. Cette interaction est significativement induite en présence de melphalan. Des inhibiteurs de PARP sont actuellement en développement préclinique ou en essai clinique. De façon intéressante, la déplétion de RECQ1 sensibilise significativement les cellules de MM à un inhibiteur de PARP in vitro suggérant que l’association d’un inhibiteur de DNMT pour cibler RECQ1 et d’un inhibiteur de PARP pourrait avoir un intérêt thérapeutique dans le MM. Nous avons également confirmé que des doses sous-létales d’inhibiteur de DNMT sensibilisent les cellules de MM au melphalan in vitroMultiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell cancer with poor survival, characterized by the clonal expansion of multiple myeloma cells (MMCs), primarily in the bone marrow. Using a microarray-based genome-wide screen for genes responding to DNA methyltransferases (DNMT) inhibition in MM cells, we identified RECQ1 among the genes downregulated by DNMT inhibitor. RECQ helicase are DNA unwinding enzymes involved in the maintenance of chromosome stability. RECQ1 silencing in cancer cells results in mitotic catastrophe and prevents tumor growth in murine models. RECQ1 is significantly overexpressed in primary myeloma cells compared to normal plasma cells and in myeloma cell lines compared to primary myeloma cells of patients. High RECQ1 expression is associated with a poor prognosis in two independent cohorts of patients. RECQ1 knock down inhibits growth of myeloma cells and induces apoptosis. Given the known role of RECQ1 in replication and DNA repair activation, the effect of RECQ1 depletion in DNA damage response was investigated. RECQ1 depletion induced spontaneous accumulation of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) evidenced by the phosphorylation of ATM and H2AX histone and detection of 53BP1 foci. Using an alkaline comet assay, a significant increase in DNA strand breaks was confirmed in RECQ1 depleted cell lines compared to control. RECQ1 depletion was associated with CHK1 and CHK2 phosphorylation in MM cells. Since RECQ1 depletion is associated with DNA damage response activation and DNA strand breaks formation, a link between RECQ1 expression and drug sensitivity was hypothesized. RECQ1 overexpression significantly protects myeloma cell lines from melphalan and bortezomib-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, RECQ1 depletion sensitizes myeloma cells to treatment. Using immunoprecipitation, RECQ1 was shown to interact with PARP1 but not RAD51 or MSH2. An increased association of the two proteins was found upon DNA damages induced by melphalan. In agreement, RECQ1 depletion sensitizes myeloma cell lines to PARP inhibitor. We identified RECQ1 as a miR-203 target. Interestingly, aberrant methylation of miR-203 was reported in MM cells and treatment with 5-aza-2’-deoxycitidine led to promoter demethylation and miR-203 re-expression. Furthermore, anti-miR-203 treatment induced a significant increase of RECQ1 mRNA level in MM cells.In conclusion, RECQ1 represent a biomarker of drug resistance in MM, which is targeted by DNMT inhibitors. This suggests association of alkylating agents and/or PARP inhibitors with DNMT inhibitor may represent a therapeutic approach in RECQ1high patients associated with a poor prognosis
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Schuwerack, Petra-Manuela. "Environmental pollution and disease : multiple stress responses in freshwater hosts." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272253.
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Rhodes, Johanna. "Identifying gene regulatory networks common to multiple plant stress responses." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/56238/.
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Stress responses in plants can be defined as a change that affects the homeostasis of pathways, resulting in a phenotype that may or may not be visible to the human eye, affecting the fitness of the plant. Crosstalk is believed to be the shared components of pathways of networks, and is widespread in plants, as shown by examples of crosstalk between transcriptional regulation pathways, and hormone signalling. Crosstalk between stress responses is believed to exist, particularly crosstalk within the responses to biotic stress, and within the responses to abiotic stress. Certain hormone pathways are known to be involved in the crosstalk between the responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses, and can confer immunity or tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana to these stresses. Transcriptional regulation has also been identified as an important factor in controlling tolerance and resistance to stresses. In this thesis, networks of regulation mediating the response tomultiple stresses are studied. Firstly, co-regulation was predicted for genes differentially expressed in two or more stresses by development of a novel multi-clustering approach, Wigwams Identifies Genes Working Across Multiple Stresses (Wigwams). This approach finds groups of genes whose expression is correlated within stresses, but also identifies a strong statistical link between subsets of stresses. Wigwams identifies the known co-expression of genes encoding enzymes of metabolic and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways, and predicts novels clusters of co-expressed genes. By hypothesising that by being coexpressed could also infer that the genes are co-regulated, promoter motif analysis and modelling provides information for potential upstream regulators. The context-free regulation of groups of co-expressed genes, or potential regulons, was explored using models generated by modelling techniques, in order to generate a quantitative model of transcriptional regulation during the response to B. cinerea, P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and senescence. This model was subsequently validated and extended by experimental techniques, using Yeast 1-Hybrid to investigate the protein-DNA interactions, and also microarrays. Analysis of mutants and plants overexpressing a predicted regulator, Rap2.6L, by gene expression analysis identified a number of potential regulon members as downstream targets. Rap2.6L was identified as an indirect regulator of the transcription factor members of three potential regulons co-expressed in the stresses B. cinerea, P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and long day senescence, allowing the confirmation of a predicted gene regulatory network operating in multiple stress responses.
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Croome, Joanna. "Stress and coping in multiple role women : an exploratory study." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13470.
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Bibliography: leaves 136-145.This study examined the relationship between stress and coping in a sample of women simultaneously occupying the roles of wife, mother and paid employee. The sample comprised 95 subjects recruited through medical practices. Quantitative and qualitative data was collected by means of self report questionnaires. Quantitative measures included the recent version of the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (Levenstein, Prantera, Varvo, Scribano, Berta, Luzi & Andreoli, 1992), the Reward and Concern Scales developed by Baruch & Barnett ( 1986) as a measure of role quality, the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (Carver, Scheier & Weintraub, 1989) and the Mastery Scale (Pearlin & Schooler, 1978). A measure of social support was developed for this study. Qualitative data was collected via 7 open ended questions. Responses were analysed for frequency of reference to emergent themes. · Stress ·constituted the dependant variable and role quality, coping, control and social - support the ~ndependent variables. Correlational and Anova analyses were performed to test for relationships between stress and the demographic variables. No significant relationships were found. Subjects who had complained of stress or been diagnosed as stressed by their doctors were classified as highly stressed, whereas those who had neither complained nor been so diagnosed were classified as low stressed. A t-test analysis revealed significant differences between the two groups. However, 42% of those women who had neither complained nor been diagnosed as stressed recorded stress levels above the mean. The most usual manifestations of stress revealed a cluster of factors related to time pressure and overload. Further t-test analyses were conducted to test for differences in stress levels between subjects scoring low in role quality, coping abilities, control and social support, compared with those scoring high on these variables. Poor role quality was .associated with a significantly higher stress level.
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Williams, Stacey L., David R. Williams, Dan J. Stein, Soraya Seedat, Pamela B. Jackson, and Hashim Moomal. "Multiple Traumatic Events: The South Africa Stress and Health Study." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8131.
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Trauma is deeply rooted in South African society. South Africa has been considered one of the most violent countries and has been termed the “rape capital of the world” (Human Rights Watch, 1995). Prior studies evidence high levels of community violence, intimate partner violence, and rape. Research measuring morbidity/mortality has suggested a link between trauma and mental health problems. 34 However, national lifetime prevalence of multiple forms of trauma is not firmly established. Further, nationally-based studies on trauma in South African context have not examined multiple traumas simultaneously. Given the assumed burden of trauma in South Africa, it is important that research uncovers precise rates of traumas and links to mental health. Investigating individual and cumulative effects of trauma in a large, national sample can contribute to understanding the trauma burden. Thus, using nationally representative data from the South Africa Stress and Health Study, we examine lifetime prevalence of a variety of traumas and multiple traumas (number of events). Employing regression analysis, we study individual and cumulative effects of traumas on psychological distress. Results indicate most South Africans (approximately 75%) experience at least one traumatic event during their lives, with the majority reporting multiple. With few exceptions, exposure to traumatic events is associated with greater distress. Results further indicate a cumulative effect of trauma, evidenced by a graded relation between multiple traumas (1, 2, 3, 4-5, 6+) and distress. Those with the most traumas (6+) appear at five- times greater risk of high distress. This study provides a previously unavailable glimpse of exposure to a range of traumas in a nationally representative sample of adults in South Africa. Moreover, implicated by our findings of a cumulative effect of multiple traumas and that the majority experience such multiple traumas is a possible burden of mental health in South Africa.
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DeCaro, Marci Sammons. "Choking Under Pressure: Multiple Routes to Skill Failure." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1247880814.
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Erkut, Zeynel Abidin. "The stress-axis in multiple sclerosis effects of sepsis, morphine and corticosteroids /." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2004. http://dare.uva.nl/document/76821.
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Zerbes, Gundula [Verfasser]. "Stress and the Nature of Remembering: How Stress and Stress Mediators alter the Contribution of Multiple Memory Systems to Retrieval / Gundula Zerbes." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1229625577/34.
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Bisht, Babita. "A multimodal intervention for progressive multiple sclerosis." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6372.
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex, progressive disease of the central nervous system with potential multifactorial etiology. Subjects with MS experience varying symptoms such as fatigue, muscle weakness, gait and balance impairments, etc. With time, intensity of the symptoms progresses, especially if subjects are in the progressive phase of the disease. So far, there is no effective treatment available which can reverse or even stop progression of the symptoms and disability associated with MS. Given the multifactorial nature of MS, use of multiple interventions is recommended for its treatment. As use of multiple pharmacological agents is usually limited due to adverse side effects, non-pharmacological treatments such as diet, exercises and stress management may provide a safer and potentially effective treatment option. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a combination of non-pharmacological treatments on subjects with progressive MS.
In this open-label, single arm cohort study, we investigated the effects of a multimodal intervention consisting of modified Paleolithic diet, nutritional supplements, stretching exercises, strengthening exercises with electrical stimulation of trunk and lower limb muscles, meditation and massage on multiple symptoms associated with progressive MS. We investigated the effects on fatigue, quality of life, clinical disability, walking performance and balance of the subjects over a period of 12 months. Twenty subjects (15 female) with progressive MS (18 secondary progressive and 2 primary progressive) and mean Expanded Disability Status scale (EDSS) score of 6.2 (range, 3.5 to 8) participated in the 12-month main phase of the study. In a subset of subjects (8 SPMS, 2 PPMS; EDSS 6.2 + 1.4), effects of the intervention on microstructure of whole brain, corpus callosum and corticospinal tracts using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and measures of clinical disability including ambulation, hand function and cognitive functions were also investigated. Adherence and dosage of individual components of the intervention were calculated from subjects' daily logs. All clinical assessments were completed at baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. MRI data were collected at 1 and 12 months post-intervention on a subset of 10 subjects. Safety analyses were completed based on monthly side effects questionnaires and blood analyses at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months.
Overall subjects showed good adherence with this intervention and did not report any serious side effects. Subjects reported significant improvement in perceived fatigue, energy and general health within 3 months from baseline and sustained the improvement until 12 months. Fifty percent of the subjects showed significant and consistent increases in both comfortable (during timed up and go test) and fast (during timed 25 foot walk) walking speeds. Small but significant improvements in the measures of balance such as Berg Balance test and time to stand up from seated position were also observed. Interestingly, subjects with comparatively lower physical impairment at baseline showed higher improvements in fatigue, walking and balance tests compared to the subjects with severe physical impairments at baseline. We observed consistent improvements in the cognitive functions of the subjects and in the white matter integrity of left corticospinal tracts. Clinical disability assessed with EDSS, and DTI metrics of most white matter tracts did not change significantly during the study period.
These results show that a multimodal intervention can be safely implemented and sustained by subjects with progressive MS. This intervention decreases perception of fatigue and improves quality of life of these subjects. Furthermore, this intervention has beneficial effects on subject's walking ability, balance and cognitive functions and white matter integrity. Initiating this intervention during early stage of the disease when subjects have only mild to moderate disability seems to be more beneficial. Larger, randomized, controlled trials are needed to establish efficacy of this multimodal intervention on MS and elucidate mechanisms underlying its effects on MS.
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Huber, Anne-Laure. "Mise en évidence d’un rôle oncosuppressif du Stress du Réticulum Endoplasmique." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10328.
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La progression tumorale repose sur l'acquisition progressive d'anomalies génétiques qui vont conduire à la prolifération dérégulée de ces cellules. Il existe cependant des systèmes de protection contre cette progression tumorale que l'on appelle systèmes de sauvegarde. Ainsi, pour se transformer, la cellule tumorale doit franchir ces barrières anti-tumorales. Les résultats de mon travail de thèse, qui avait pour objectif initial d'identifier les altérations moléculaires précoces de l'oncogenèse, m'ont permis de mettre en évidence un nouveau mécanisme de sauvegarde anti-tumoral. Pour cette étude, un modèle d'étude in vitro de l'initiation et de la progression tumorale déclenchée par l'oncogène RET développé par notre équipe a été utilisé. Grâce à l'utilisation de ce système, nous avons pu montrer que le Réticulum Endoplasmique (RE) est un senseur efficace de l'altération du métabolisme glucidique déclenchée par les signalisations oncogéniques, et que le stress qu'il subit alors, conduit à l'apoptose. Ce travail a permis de mettre mis en évidence que les cellules malignes qui franchissent cette barrière peuvent alors bénéficier d'un effet pro-tumorale du SRE. Ainsi, les résultats présentés dans ce manuscrit offrent une meilleure compréhension du rôle complexe que joue le SRE dans la cancérogénèseCarcinogenesis involves not only inactivation of tumourigenesis barriers, but also alterations in energy metabolism to fulfil the synthetic and bioenergetic requirements for fast and uncontrolled growth. Our study supports a model in which the ER acts as a node between altered glucose metabolism and tumourigenesis barriers. This major site in the cell for protein folding and maturation, can sense glucose limitation that results from oncogenic-mediated increased glucose demand, and consequently trigger unfolded protein response-dependent apoptosis. As such, the ER functions as a surveillance mechanism that suppresses the emergence of tumour cells. Overcoming this early barrier involves a specific attenuation of the pro-apoptotic PERK-CHOP branch of the unfolded protein response, a cellular adaptation that in turn may favour malignant progression. These observations bring new insights into the complex role of the unfolded protein response during tumourigenesis
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Brounstein, Cheryll. "Teacher Adjustments to Multiple and Continuous Change." PDXScholar, 1992. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1334.
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This study examined the phenomenon of multiple and continuous change and the adjustments teachers made in response to the phenomenon. The research questions posed by this study are: 1. Is there a phenomenon of multiple and continuous change and if so how is it characterized by the participants? 2. Is there an effect of multiple and continuous change on the participants, if so, how do the participants adjust to the phenomenon and how can these adjustments be described? Methodologically, the strategy for this study was designed to allow for the generation of theory since multiple and continuous change has not been examined as a phenomenon. In-depth interviews were conducted with an "n" of five to allow for in-depth exploratory questioning and comparison and analysis of complex divergent data. The study utilized teachers' descriptions of their lived experience to provide working definitions of multiple and continuous change. Change is experienced as planned change, and change is experienced as unplanned change. Teachers also described paradoxes that characterize their work milieu. The paradoxes create unanswerable conundrums such as classroom versus school focus, depth versus breadth, commitment versus letting go and fidelity versus rigor. The phenomenon of multiple and continuous change provokes adjustments that are behavioral and attitudinal. These adjustments impact the instructional domain, professional domain and personal domain. The adjustments teachers made did not resemble targeted outcomes. Rather, the adjustments teachers made served as metaprescriptions to assist in the navigation of multiple and continuous change. The composite suggests that multiple and continuous change is complex, interactive and exponential. The behaviors and attitudes that the participants learn mitigate institutionalization of innovations and favor simple adjustments that make teaching more manageable under the circumstances but not necessarily more effective. The significance of this study is that change has been misunderstood because the perspective of the teacher has been overlooked. The misunderstanding of what comprises change disrupts and alters strategic planning. Change in schools is experienced as a phenomenon that is continuous. Administrators, change agents, and policy makers must readjust their thinking about change and develop a paradigm for school improvement that reflects the real world of schools.
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Agland, Susan. "Can a stress management programme reduce stress and improve quality of life in people diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis?" Thesis, Agland, Susan (2017) Can a stress management programme reduce stress and improve quality of life in people diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis? Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2017. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/40113/.
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The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence clinical guidelines, together with the global consensus document ‘Brain Health’, acknowledge that modification of lifestyle factors contribute to the holistic care of people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). While people with MS often report stressful life events as a precursor to developing MS, and despite increasing evidence of perceived stress as a risk factor for disease activity, the evidence for effectively managing stress in this population is limited. This study examined the effect of an educational program that incorporates progressive muscle relaxation (PMR), meditation and mindfulness exercises (ME) on people with MS over a six-month period.
100 people with relapsing remitting MS were randomly assigned to receive either stress management education (SME) or wait list (WL). The SME group received four one-onone sessions during which they learned PMR, meditation and ME and were asked to perform these 5-7 days of the week for six months. The primary outcome measure was change in perceived stress as measured by: the stress Visual Acuity Scale (sVAS), the stress component of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Score (DASS21), and salivary cortisol levels. The secondary outcome measure was change in quality of life as measured by the Multiple Sclerosis International Quality of Life Questionnaire (MusiQoL).
None of the parameters evaluated changed between pre-and post SME (p≤0.05). These results indicate that SME does not significantly improve levels of stress or quality of life in people with MS. In contrast to previous research this study suggests there is no association with the study intervention in reducing perceived levels of stress. Future studies could include barriers to adherence.
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Mpamira, Tabitha M. "Effects of multiple concurrent interpersonal traumas on post traumatic stress disorder symptomology." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/664.
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Kritsiligkou, Paraskevi. "Peroxiredoxins : yeast redox switches that regulate multiple cellular pathways." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/peroxiredoxins-yeast-redox-switches-that-regulate-multiple-cellular-pathways(fbb44664-5021-4dbc-88c7-64aef8a6c045).html.
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Peroxiredoxins are small ubiquitous cysteine-containing proteins that exhibit high reactivity to hydrogen peroxide. Apart from their role as antioxidants, detoxifying hydrogen peroxide to water, peroxiredoxins have been implicated in other cellular processes, such as protein folding and signalling. Using S. cerevisiae as a model organism, we utilised a variety of techniques to examine previously unexplored links between peroxiredoxins and mitochondrial function. Firstly, we characterised the role of Gpx3 in yeast mitochondria. Proteomic work revealed the presence of Gpx3 in the mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS) and we characterised when, how and why Gpx3 can be found within the mitochondria. We showed that cells lacking Gpx3 have aberrant mitochondrial morphology and defective protein import capacity and inner membrane potential upon H2O2 stress. Gpx3 translocates to the IMS via a targeting sequence encoded from a non-AUG codon. This provides a novel and unique molecular mechanism that protects mitochondria from the exceptional oxidative stress which their activity imposes. Secondly, we focused on the role of Tsa1 upon protein aggregation-induced stress. Previous studies using the proline analogue AZC to cause protein misfolding revealed that protein aggregates are localised adjacent to mitochondria and mitochondrial ROS are generated in response. We questioned what effect this might have on mitochondrial function and we showed that upon AZC treatment there is a drop in respiratory rate, dependent on Tsa1. We questioned whether Tsa1, like other peroxiredoxins, is involved in regulating signalling cascades and we showed that cells that are lacking Tsa1 have alterations in the activity of the cAMP/PKA pathway. In parallel, we looked for differences both in the proteome and the transcriptome to understand what is the cause of the lethality of a tsa1 strain upon protein aggregation stress. We propose a mechanism where Tsa1 mediates a transcriptional response to protein misfolding stress via the activity of the heat shock transcription factor, Hsf1. Finally, we focused on the role of the mitochondrial peroxiredoxin Prx1. Under conditions where the mitochondrial matrix is oxidised, either genetically or by chemical addition, we showed than an apoptotic pathway is activated, dependent on the redox state of thioredoxin, Trx3. We showed that Trx3 can interact with Prx1 and loss of Prx1 also stops the induction of cell death. Analysis of the interactome of Trx3 unraveled the involvement of Bxl1/Ybh3, the yeast BH3 domain-containing protein and Aim9, a previously uncharacterised protein with kinase-like motifs, in the progression of cell death. The data presented in this thesis widens our understanding of the function of peroxiredoxins and their involvement in the regulation of cellular cascades that ensure correct mitochondrial function and responses to stress.
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FINOMORE, VICTOR STEVEN JR. "Workload and Stress Measurements in the Study of Sustained Attention." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1211933209.
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Williams, Stacey L., David R. Williams, Dan J. Stein, Soraya Seedat, Pamela B. Jackson, and Hashim Moomal. "Multiple Traumatic Events and Psychological Distress: The South Africa Stress and Health Study." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.20252.
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Using nationally representative data from South Africa, we examine lifetime prevalence of traumas and multiple traumas (number of events). Employing multiple regression analysis, the authors study the sociodemographic risk of trauma, and the association between trauma and distress. Results indicate most South Africans experience at least one traumatic event during their lives, with the majority reporting multiple. Consistent variation in risk is evident for gender and marital status, but not other sociodemographics. Trauma is positively related to high distress, and findings also support a cumulative effect of trauma exposure. Individuals with the most traumas (6+) appear at 5 times greater risk of high distress. This study highlights the importance of considering traumatic events in the context of other traumas in South Africa.
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Brorsson, Camilla. "Trauma - logistics and stress response." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Anestesiologi och intensivvård, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-93324.
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Background: Trauma is a major cause of death and disability. Adverse events, such as prolonged prehospital time, hypoxia, hypotension and/or hyperventilation have been reported to correlate to poor outcome. Adequate cortisol levels are essential for survival after major trauma. In hypotensive critically ill patients, lack of sufficient amount of cortisol can be suspected, and a concept of critical illness related corticosteroid insufficiency has been proposed. Corticosteroid therapy has many adverse effects in critically ill patients and should only be given if life-saving. Correct measurement of serum cortisol levels is important but difficult in critically ill patients with capillary leakage. Estimation of the free and biologically active cortisol is preferable. In serum less than 10% of cortisol is free and biologically active and not possible to measure with routine laboratory methods. Salivary cortisol can be used as a surrogate for free cortisol, but salivary production is reduced in critically ill patients. Liver resection could reduce cortisol levels due to substrate deficiency. Aims: 1. Evaluate the occurrence of early adverse events in patients with traumatic brain injury and relate them to outcome. 2. Assess cortisol levels over time after trauma and correlate to severity of trauma, sedative/analgesic drugs and cardiovascular function. 3. Evaluate if saliva stimulation could be performed without interfering with salivary cortisol levels. 4. Assess cortisol levels over time after liver resection in comparison to other major surgery. Results: There was no significant correlation between prehospital time ³60 minutes, hypoxia (saturation <95%), hypotension (systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg), or hyperventilation (ETCO2 <4.5 kPa) and a poor outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale 1-3) in patients with traumatic brain injury. Cortisol levels decreased significantly over time after trauma, but there was no correlation between low (<200 nmol/L) serum cortisol levels and severity of trauma. Infusion of sedative/analgesic drugs was the strongest predictor for a low (<200 nmol/L) serum cortisol. The odds ratio for low serum cortisol levels (<200 nmol/L) was 8.0 for patients receiving continuous infusion of sedative/analgesic drugs. There was no significant difference between unstimulated and stimulated salivary cortisol levels (p=0.06) in healthy volunteers. Liver resection was not associated with significantly lower cortisol levels compared to other major surgery. Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between early adverse events and outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury. Cortisol levels decreased significantly over time in trauma patients. Low cortisol levels (<200 nmol/L) were significantly correlated to continuous infusion of sedative/analgesic drugs. Saliva stimulation could be performed without interfering with salivary cortisol levels. Liver resection was not associated with low cortisol levels compared to other major surgery.
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Loven, Ashley Marie. "The effect of pet ownership/attachment on the stress level of multiple sclerosis patients." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2527.
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Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system. Over 80% of MS patients are in the relapsing remitting stage. Symptoms range from fever, fatigue, emotional distress, tingling, numbness, optic neuritis, spasticity, muscle weakness, impaired coordination, to other abnormal neurological problems. Expression of symptoms is known as a relapse or exacerbation. The cause of relapses is unknown, but multiple factors seem to play a significant role. Possible factors that may influence MS onset and relapse consist of a genetic association, viruses, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, and stress. Stress has shown to have negative implications and may stimulate relapses. Thus, this study examined a possible stress intervention that most people already had available to them, companion animals. Companion animals have been shown to lower blood pressure, decrease heart rate, provide social support, and reduce stress. The main hypothesis was to evaluate whether or not pet ownership and/or attachment influenced the perceived stress level and number of negative life events experienced by MS patients in the relapsing remitting stage. Participants were given a questionnaire that consisted of 7 surveys. The questionnaire accessed quality of life, disease severity, number of negative life events, perceived stress level, level of depression, social support, and pet ownership and attachment level. Our sample population consisted of MS patients seen at the University of Texas Southwestern Neurology clinic from February 23rd to May 21st, 2004. One hundred and forty seven relapsing remitting MS patients were included in the study. Multiple linear regression was used to compare the relationship of stress and number of negative life events to pet ownership and attachment. Results revealed that pet ownership and attachment levels did not affect the stress level and number of negative life events of MS patients. No confounders were identified. Interaction terms with disease severity as the dependent variable, pet ownership and perceived stress level or negative life events as the independent variables were not significant. The type of pet owned did not influence the attachment level of the MS patient. In conclusion, the results of this study did not support the hypothesis.
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Mi, Wentao. "The effect of stress on the neuropathogenesis of Theiler's virus-induced demyelination as an animal model of multiple sclerosis." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4255.
Full textAbstract:
Stressful life events have been associated with the onset and/or exacerbation of
multiple sclerosis (MS). To investigate the effects of stress on the pathogenesis of MS,
we employed restraint stress (RST) in the TheilerâÂÂs virus-induced demyelination
(TVID) model, an animal model for human MS. Intracerebral inoculation of
susceptible strain of mice with TheilerâÂÂs murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV)
results in a biphasic disease â an acute encephalomyelitis and chronic demyelination.
The establishment of persistent viral infection is critical in inducing immune-mediated
demyelination during the chronic disease. The exposure of mice to RST prior to viral
infection produced a stress response as evidenced by elevated circulating corticosterone
(CORT). To further study the effect of stress on the immune response to TMEV
infection and demyelination, we first examined the cytokine and chemokine response
during the acute TMEV infection. We demonstrated that RST down-regulated the
virus-induced expression of chemokines, Ltn, IP-10, RANTES, and pro-inflammatory
cytokines, TNF, IFN and LT in both the brain and spleen during early infection.
Histologically, a decreased pattern of inflammation was observed in the brain of
restrained mice as compared to non-restrained mice. The increased viral titer was noted in the CNS of restrained mice and was correlated with the decreased production
of pro-inflammatory cytokine, suggesting an impaired immune response by RST.
Secondly, the duration of stress on the late demyelination was investigated. Repeated
and chronically stressed SJL/J mice developed an early onset of clinical signs and a
delayed onset was observed in acutely stressed mice. Both acute and chronic RST
suppressed the antibody response to TMEV and stressed displayed a higher incidence
of demyelination than non-restrained mice. Axonal loss was also noted in chronic
stressed mice. Additionally, RST caused an increased systemic viral infection in
extraneural organs during the acute infection and cardiotropic TMEV was isolated
from the heart of stressed mice. Taken together, stress resulted in profound
immunsuppression during acute infection, which may consequently increase the
incidence of demyelination. The present study may be generalized in human MS
which is potentially triggered by viral infection.
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Stevens, Elizabeth K. "Appraisal and Coping: Mediators between Caregiver Stress and Psychological Wellbeing." online version, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=case1193879393.
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Sin, Yuk-ling, and 冼玉玲. "The stress of multiple roles: the case of part-time learners and their coping." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31977765.
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Sin, Yuk-ling. "The stress of multiple roles : the case of part-time learners and their coping /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1399198X.
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Panganiban, April Rose. "Task load and evaluative stress in a multiple UAV control simulation: The protective effect of executive functioning ability." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1378215257.
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Asano, Shinichi. "Aging influences multiple indices of oxidative stress in the heart of the Fischer 344/NNia x Brown Norway/BiNia rat." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2007. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=735.
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Theses (M.S.)--Marshall University, 2007.Title from document title page. Includes abstract. Includes vitae. Document formatted into pages: contains ix, 81 pages including illustrations. Bibliography: p. 69-77.
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Vivekananda, Kitty. "Long-term multiple stressors, coping and academic performance /." View thesis View thesis, 2001. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030507.140731/index.html.
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Mandarić, Ladislav. "Transport, distribution and fate of emerging contaminants in wastewater-receiving rivers under multiple stress conditions." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666341.
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The main aim of this thesis was to establish a link between the urban origin of chemical contamination (e.g. PhACs) and other stressors, particularly associated to water scarcity (Chapter 1, 2, and 3). Research has been performed in one Alpine (Chapter 1) and two Mediterranean river basins (Chapter 2 and 3). Effects of the river flow variability on the recovery potential of the rivers (natural in-stream attenuation) have been studied in the tributary streams of the lower Ebro River (Chapter 2) and the Evrotas River (Chapter 3). Results have shown that occurrence and spatiotemporal distribution of PhACs in the fragile Alpine and Mediterranean aquatic environments is subjected to a strong intra-annual variability of the stream flow, while effects of multiple stress conditions may be amplified under water scarcity conditions (e.g. drought), thus resulting in the increased concentrations levels of PhACs in river water and sedimentsL'objectiu principal d'aquesta tesi ha estat establir un vincle entre l'origen urbà de la contaminació química (per exemple, els PhACs) i altres estressors, particularment associats a l'escassetat d'aigua (capítols 1, 2 i 3). Les investigacions s'han realitzat en un riu Alpi (Capítol 1) i dues conques del Mediterrani (Capítol 2 i 3). Els efectes de la variabilitat del flux fluvial sobre el potencial de recuperació dels rius (atenuació natural) han estat estudiats en rius del baix riu Ebre (capítol 2) i del riu Evrotas (capítol 3). Els resultats mostren l'aparició i la distribució espaciotemporal dels PhACs en els fràgils entorns aquàtics alpins i mediterranis, sotmesos a una forta variabilitat intra-anual del flux, mentre que els efectes de múltiples condicions d'estrès poden ser amplificades sota condicions d'escassetat d'aigua, que afavoreixen concentracions més elevades de PhACs en aigües i sediments
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Wagner, Johannes Andreas [Verfasser], and Dieter [Akademischer Betreuer] Heermann. "How internal stress influences molecular properties on multiple scales / Johannes Andreas Wagner ; Betreuer: Dieter Heermann." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1178009602/34.
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Meyer-Arndt, Lil [Verfasser]. "Stress-induced brain activity, brain atrophy, and clinical disability in multiple sclerosis / Lil Meyer-Arndt." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1194934471/34.
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Perry, Sarah Ida. "Living with multiple sclerosis : the role of perceptions of illness, stress and coping on adaptation." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359121.
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Wagner, Johannes Andreas [Verfasser], and Dieter W. [Akademischer Betreuer] Heermann. "How internal stress influences molecular properties on multiple scales / Johannes Andreas Wagner ; Betreuer: Dieter Heermann." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:16-heidok-232913.
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Nakano, Kenzo. "Chloroquine induces apoptosis in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms via endoplasmic reticulum stress." Doctoral thesis, Kyoto University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/263541.
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Vivekananda, Savithri, University of Western Sydney, and College of Social and Health Sciences. "Long-term multiple stressors, coping and academic performance." THESIS_CSHS_XXX_Vivekananda_S.xml, 2001. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/311.
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This research comprised of three studies designed to investigate the coping strategies utilised by high and low performing university students with non-academic stressors. Coping research has frequently focused on single stressors providing a distorted picture of coping. Utilising a combination of quantitative and qualitative methodologies, this research provides new insights into the dynamic and multi-dimensional nature of coping with long-term, multiple stressors. It extends our understanding of coping beyond traditionally individualistic conceptualisations where active coping is valued over prosocial relationship-focused coping. Conceptualisations of social support is broadened to view it in more complex interactional terms. In Study 1, 521 university students were surveyed using a standardised coping inventory, the Ways of Coping Checklist revised. Several demographic groups were identified as at academic risk. Having good health, along with the high use Social Support and Problem Solving and the low use of Self Blame strategies all predicted high GPA. Study 2 involved a content analysis of 179 Exclusion Appeal letters submitted by excluded students. When confronted with multiple stressors, poor performing students compartmentalised or amplified multiple stressors which resulted in patterns of reactive problem-focused or emotion-focused coping. Passive and uni-directional approaches to social support resulted in the depletion of such resources. Study 3 investigated adaptive coping patterns using an open-ended questionnaire and a semi-structured interview with twenty high performing students. High performers viewed multiple stressors as inter-related, which is termed cross situational appraisal and displayed a versatile coping pattern across stressors termed cross situational versatility. Proactive and prosocial coping are critical for the acquisition and maintenance of social support over a long-term period. Implications of these research findings for Student Services staff are discussed.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Kumar, Abhishek. "RKEM implementation for strain gradient theory in multiple dimensions." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002163.
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Sieve, Amy Nicole. "The effects of psychological stress on an animal model of multiple sclerosis, Theiler's virus induced demyelination." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1558.
Full textAbstract:
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating condition of
the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in paralysis and death. The etiology
of MS is unknown. However, genetics, exposure to a pathogen, psychological
stress and gender are all implicated in the onset and progression of the disease.
An animal model of MS, Theilers virus (TMEV) infection, causes a biphasic
disease. An early CNS viral infection, if allowed to persist within the CNS, is
followed by a chronic CNS autoimmune demyelinating condition that is similar
to MS. The development of Theilers Virus Induced Demyelination (TVID) is
under genetic control: SJL mice are highly susceptible to viral persistence and
TVID while CBA mice have an intermediate susceptibility. Chronic restraint
stress (RST) administered during the first four weeks of TMEV infection
influenced the subsequent development of TVID differentially across strain and
sex of mice. TVID was exacerbated by RST in male and female SJL mice, but in
the CBA strain, TVID was alleviated by RST in male mice only. This pattern of
results in SJL and CBA mice could be seen in the chronic phase of TVID on
multiple dependent measures: body weights, behavioral signs of the chronic
phase, rotarod performance (an automated measure of motor abilities), and
inflammation, demyelination, and axonal loss within the spinal cord. The
exacerbation of TVID in SJL mice provides some of the first experimental
evidence that coincides with reports of stress precipitating the onset of MS in
human patients. The sex dependent alleviation of TVID in CBA mice illustrates
the complex interaction between genetic predisposition, gender, stress, and
exposure to a pathogen that has been proposed for the development of MS.
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Ramadoss, Dineshram. "Proteomic analysis of oyster larvae reveals molecular mechanism of ocean acidification and multiple stressor effects." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206420.
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Kovacs, Erica Alethea. "Individual and familial predictors of multiple dimensions of fathers' parenting /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9189.
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Liu, Xiaodong. "Effects of stress on intergranular corrosion and intergranular stress corrosion cracking in AA2024-T3." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1133313637.
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KINZIG, KIMBERLY PEACOCK. "MULTIPLE ROLES OF THE CNS GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 SYSTEM." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1037717933.
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Bagratuni, Tina. "Modulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress as a cancer therapeutic strategy using multiple myeloma as a model." Thesis, Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2010. http://publications.icr.ac.uk/10367/.
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The presence of correctly folded nascent immunoglobulin within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) provides an effective checkpoint for plasma cell development. A signalling pathway called the unfolded protein response (UPR) allows cells to handle the proper folding of proteins and ensures cell survival. The transcription factor XBP1, a central control point in mediating plasma cell development is also a major regulator of the UPR providing a link between the UPR and plasma cell differentiation. My hypothesis was that inhibition of the UPR and the ER stress pathways will provide a unique differential marker which can be exploited to kill myeloma plasma cells. In order to study this, I initially characterised the role of XBP1 and IRE1a in myeloma patients and determined that the active form of XBP1, XBP1s, is an independent prognostic factor. In addition, by performing RNAi knockdown experiments I determined that suppression of the expression of XBP1 and IRE1a in myeloma cells resulted in impaired myeloma cell survival. Finally, as this study forms part of a drug discovery project aiming to therapeutically target IRE1a/XBP1, I designed and validated two assays to measure IRE1a endoribonuclease activity. Using these assays I identified a number of compounds which suppressed the kinase/endoribonuclease activity of IRE1a resulting in an impaired generation of active XBP1s and cell death. Identification of compounds which target the activity of IREa/XBP1, may therefore lead to a potential therapeutic strategy for multiple myeloma.
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Polanski, Krzysztof. "Finding network modules and motifs regulating plant stress responses : integration and modelling across multiple data sets." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/77390/.
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In spite of constant technological advancements, world hunger remains a major challenge due to exponential population growth, and the loss of e effectiveness of crop treatments such as pesticides. As such, comprehending the plant response to stress is of great importance in breeding more resilient crops. Whilst different stresses elicit distinct responses from the plant, a core set of regulatory interactions are conserved across multiple responses and operate as networks. In this thesis, computational approaches were used to elucidate such regulatory interactions from time course expression datasets, predominantly through identification of genes co-expressed across multiple stimuli responses as a footprint of shared network co-regulation. The identification of such network footprints was tackled through Wigwams, a data mining algorithm capable of detecting groups of genes co-regulated across multiple datasets. In contrast to other algorithms, Wigwams assesses whether the co-expression it detects is likely to reflect co-regulation. The modules it found were significantly enriched in functionality and cis-regulatory elements, indicating actual co-regulation. Wigwams and other computational approaches were applied to time course expression data capturing Arabidopsis thaliana response to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. The presence of a virulent and avirulent strain in the experiment allowed for the temporal deconstruction of the regulatory events underlying the virulent strain's attempts to overcome plant defence through effector action. This analysis led to the detection of a number of effector-specific transcription changes stifling the defence response and manipulating the host's gene and protein expression. A transcription factor-only regulatory network model was proposed to explain the detected network footprints. The inference of causal regulatory networks from expression data is a daunting task, and transcription factor-only models are a good computational compromise by capturing the key regulatory events taking place. However, they are lacking in target genes that carry out the functionality induced by the signalling, making functional assessment di cult. Wigwams was used to introduce the network footprint components into the corresponding transcription factor-only models, resulting in enhanced network models carrying information about downstream regulated genes. This allows for functional assessment to be used to identify nodes of interest within the network, and propose concise follow-up experiments.
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Rosing, Lauren Marie. "To Supersize or Not to Supersize: A Transtheoretical Model Exploration of Multiple Health Behavior Change." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1274318001.
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Mounsey, Elizabeth Colonna. "Multiple role women: A comparison of college students and employees." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/520.
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Garland, Michael A. "Multi-stress proteomics: The global protein response to multiple environmental stressors in the porcelain crab Petrolisthes cinctipes." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1441.
Full textAbstract:
Global climate change is increasing the number of hot days along the California coast as well as increasing the incidence of off-shore upwelling events that lower the pH of intertidal seawater; thus, intertidal organisms are experiencing an increase in more than one stress simultaneously. This study seeks to characterize the global protein response of the eurythermal porcelain crab Petrolisthes cinctipes to changes in thermal, pH, and tidal regime treatments, either combined or individually. The first experiment examined temperature stress alone and sought to determine the effect of chronic temperature acclimation on the acute heat shock response. We compared the proteomic response of cheliped muscle tissue following a month-long acclimation to either (1) constant 10°C, (2) daily fluctuation from 10-20°C, or (3) daily fluctuation from 10-30°C, all followed by either a 30°C acute heat shock or 10°C control. We found that ATP supply via the phosphagen system, changes in glycolytic enzymes, muscle fiber restructuring, respiratory protein fragmentation, and immunity were primarily affected by acclimation and subsequent heat shock. Acclimation to the “extreme” regimes (10°C and 10-30°C) resulted in the greatest proteomic changes, while acclimation to the moderate regime (10-20°C) resulted in a more mild response to heat shock (i.e., fewer adjustments to relative protein abundance). The second experiment sought to determine the proteomic response of gill tissue following a 17 d acclimation to daily changes in pH (ambient pH 8.1 vs low pH 7.6), tidal regime (constant immersion vs 6 h emersion), and temperature (ambient 11°C vs 22-31°C heat shock during emersion). Low pH alone reduced expression of molecular chaperones of the endoplasmic reticulum, lectins, and serine proteases involved in activating the prophenoloxidase cascade. It also increased the abundance of Na+/K+-ATPase, nitrogen metabolism enzymes, and induced changes in tubulin expression, all suggesting an increase in ammonium excretion. Addition of emersion during low pH reduced the abundance of several metabolic proteins including those involved in the proposed ammonium excretion mechanism, suggesting a decrease in metabolic function in part to prevent toxic accumulation of ammonium in the branchial chambers. Combined pH, emersion, and thermal stress increased the abundance of proteins involved in cuticle binding and crosslinking. These results indicate that the responses to pH, tidal cycle, and temperature are highly dependent on one another and that changes in ER protein maturation, ion transport, immunity, and cuticle structure are the primary biochemical systems impacted by these environmental stressors in crustacean gill.
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Pandit, Ashish V. "REGULATION OF MITOCHONDRIAL GENE EXPRESSION IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS CORTEX." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1334214461.
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Avgin, Murat Atacan. "Evolutionary Structural Optimization Of Multiple Load Case Generic Aircraft Components." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614973/index.pdf.
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Structural optimization is achieving the best objective function from a predefined medium, well bounded by constraints. Optimization methods have been utilized on different engineering applications to minimize the conceptual design effort that creates the necessity of new optimization techniques. Evolutionary Structural Optimization (ESO) is a topological optimization algorithm, which is defined as removing of inefficient elements from a design domain. ESO stress based method is applied to linear elastic, isotropic aircraft components for multiple load case. The bulk structure is modeled and discretized into three dimensional solid hexahedron or tetrahedron mesh, afterwards constraints, load and boundary conditions are defined in MSC.PATRAN. MSC.NASTRAN is utilized as finite element solver. The stress results are collected and evaluated by program developed in MICROSOFT VISUAL BASIC. The elements which are below the stress limit are eliminated. The remaining elements are operated after increasing the stress limit. The iteration process continued until prescribed rejection ratio is reached. Well known examples in literature are solved using program code and similar results are obtained which is a check for the code developed. Four generic aircraft components, the clevis, the lug, the main landing fitting and power control unit fitting were structurally optimized. The stress distribution in optimized results and existing aircraft designs are compared.
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Ravi, Lokranjith K. "Cycle-up of multiple rifting event models how long does it take to reach a steady state stress /." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2005. http://lib.uky.edu/ETD/ukymeen2005t00234/newranjiththesis.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.) --University of Kentucky, 2005.Title from document title page (viewed on August 17, 2005). Document formatted into pages; contains: x, 107 p. : col. ill. Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 104-106).