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1

Delgado-Escaño, Rubén, Francisco M. Castro, Julián R. Cózar, Manuel J. Marín-Jiménez, and Nicolás Guil. "MuPeG—The Multiple Person Gait Framework." Sensors 20, no. 5 (2020): 1358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20051358.

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Gait recognition is being employed as an effective approach to identify people without requiring subject collaboration. Nowadays, developed techniques for this task are obtaining high performance on current datasets (usually more than 90 % of accuracy). However, those datasets are simple as they only contain one subject in the scene at the same time. This fact limits the extrapolation of the results to real world conditions where, usually, multiple subjects are simultaneously present at the scene, generating different types of occlusions and requiring better tracking methods and models trained
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Menkus, Belden. "US benefits subject to multiple frauds." Computer Fraud & Security Bulletin 1992, no. 9 (1992): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0142-0496(09)90156-4.

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Cai, Jiahui, Wei Chen, and Zhong Yin. "Multiple Transferable Recursive Feature Elimination Technique for Emotion Recognition Based on EEG Signals." Symmetry 11, no. 5 (2019): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11050683.

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Feature selection plays a crucial role in analyzing huge-volume, high-dimensional EEG signals in human-centered automation systems. However, classical feature selection methods pay little attention to transferring cross-subject information for emotions. To perform cross-subject emotion recognition, a classifier able to utilize EEG data to train a general model suitable for different subjects is needed. However, existing methods are imprecise due to the fact that the effective feelings of individuals are personalized. In this work, the cross-subject emotion recognition model on both binary and
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4

Jeong-Me Yoon. "Aspect and Agentivity in Korean Multiple Subject Constructions." Studies in Generative Grammar 19, no. 2 (2009): 211–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15860/sigg.19.2.200905.211.

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5

Suominen, Osma. "Annif: DIY automated subject indexing using multiple algorithms." LIBER Quarterly 29, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/lq.10285.

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Yue, Feng, Wangmeng Zuo, David Zhang, and Bin Li. "Fast palmprint identification with multiple templates per subject." Pattern Recognition Letters 32, no. 8 (2011): 1108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2011.02.019.

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7

Lin, Fa-Hsuan, Anthony R. McIntosh, John Agnew, Thomas A. Zeffiro, and John W. Belliveau. "Multiple subject effective connectivity analysis of voluntary movement." NeuroImage 13, no. 6 (2001): 1211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(01)92527-3.

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8

HASHEM PESARAN, M., DAVIDE PETTENUZZO, and ALLAN TIMMERMANN. "Forecasting Time Series Subject to Multiple Structural Breaks." Review of Economic Studies 73, no. 4 (2006): 1057–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-937x.2006.00408.x.

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9

Caminero‐Santangelo, Marta. "Multiple personality and the postmodern subject: Theorizing agency." Lit: Literature Interpretation Theory 7, no. 1 (1996): 63–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10436929608580169.

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10

Tran, Minh Thi, Kok Keng Ang, and Van Hai Luong. "Multiple-Railcar High-Speed Train Subject to Braking." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 17, no. 07 (2017): 1750071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455417500717.

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The dynamic response of a high-speed multiple-railcar train experiencing deceleration under braking condition over a straight track is investigated using the moving element method. Possible sliding of train wheels over the rails is accounted for. The train is assumed to comprise a locomotive as the leading railcar and several passenger railcars connected to each other through train couplers. Each railcar is modeled as a 15-DOF system of interconnected car body, two bogies and four wheels. The rail is modeled as an Euler–Bernoulli beam resting on a two-parameter elastic damped foundation. The t
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11

Werners, Brigitte. "Interactive multiple objective programming subject to flexible constraints." European Journal of Operational Research 31, no. 3 (1987): 342–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(87)90043-9.

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12

Hunter, Eric J., and Ingo R. Titze. "Individual Subject Laryngeal Dimensions of Multiple Mammalian Species for Biomechanical Models." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 114, no. 10 (2005): 809–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940511401012.

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Objectives: This report provides a detailed knowledge base of individual subject laryngeal cartilage dimensions across multiple species to assist researchers in creating subject-specific biomechanical laryngeal models. Methods: The raw data from previous laryngeal cartilage studies were grouped by species (for human, canine, and ovine) and by cartilage (arytenoid, thyroid, and cricoid) by means of a previously reported labeling scheme. No animals were sacrificed specifically for the present study. Results: More than 1,500 measurements from 37 subjects are presented in 15 tables. No comparisons
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13

Dolan, Bridget, Chris Evans, and Kingsley Norton. "Multiple Axis-II Diagnoses of Personality Disorder." British Journal of Psychiatry 166, no. 1 (1995): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.166.1.107.

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BackgroundSimultaneous diagnosis of more than one personality disorder (PD) has been termed ‘comorbidity’ or ‘co-occurrence’ implying that single diagnoses are the norm and multiple diagnoses interesting exceptions. Surveys of PD subjects in fact show 1.5–5.6 diagnoses per subject. Our study explores the hypothesis that multiple PD diagnosis is common and increases with increasingly personality disordered populations.MethodThe PDQ–R questionnaire was administered to three UK samples: referrals for specialist PD in-patient treatment (n = 275); high tariff offenders attending a probation centre
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14

Shoji, Shinichi. "English Speaker Acquisition of Topic and Subject in Multiple Clause Sentences in Japanese." Studia Orientalia Electronica 8, no. 1 (2020): 63–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.23993/store.82595.

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This study investigated native English speakers’ acquisition of the constraint for topic-wa and the preference for subject-ga in multiple-clause sentences in Japanese. The constraint for topic-wa is that the topic-wa cannot appear in certain types of subordinate clauses, and the preference for subject-ga is that the overt subject-ga in a subordinate clause should not overlap the topic for a matrix clause. Two sentence-completion experiments were conducted with native English-speaking participants, who were considered advanced-level Japanese learners, as well as native Japanese-speaking partici
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15

Zinnecker, H., C. Scarfe, C. Allen, et al. "Commission 26: Double and Multiple Stars (Etoiles Doubles Et Multiples)." Transactions of the International Astronomical Union 24, no. 1 (2000): 186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0251107x00002856.

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This triennial report (1996-1999) reviews the subject from a somewhat personal angle, mostly related to binary star formation and young binary star populations – a subject whose time had come in the early 1990s and is now in full swing.Many astronomers have searched for binary systems among main-sequence stars, and two large-scale surveys published in 1991 and 1992 have already become classics. Well before they became famous for finding extrasolar planets (see below), observing teams led by Michel Mayor (Geneva Observatory) and Geoffrey Marcy (San Francisco State Univ., now Univ. of Calif, at
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16

Rimkus, Carolina M., Menno M. Schoonheim, Martijn D. Steenwijk, et al. "Gray matter networks and cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 25, no. 3 (2018): 382–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458517751650.

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Background: Coordinated patterns of gray matter morphology can be represented as networks, and network disruptions may explain cognitive dysfunction related to multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: To investigate whether single-subject gray matter network properties are related to impaired cognition in MS. Methods: We studied 148 MS patients (99 female) and 33 healthy controls (HC, 21 female). Seven network parameters were computed and compared within MS between cognitively normal and impaired subjects, and associated with performance on neuropsychological tests in six cognitive domains with reg
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17

Fan, Junwei, and Hideaki Touyama. "Computer-Generated Emotional Face Retrieval with P300 Signals of Multiple Subjects." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 20, no. 6 (2016): 902–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2016.p0902.

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Applying brain signals to human-computer interaction enables us to detect the attention. Based on P300 signals – one type of event-related potential – enables brain-machine interface users to select desired letters by means of attention alone. Previous studies have reported the feasibility of P300 signals in enabling a single subject to realize novel information retrieval. In the recent collaborative EEG study of multiple subjects has enabled classification to detect attention in a markedly improved way. Here we propose emotional face retrieval using P300 signals of 20 subjects. As a result, t
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18

Moussourakis, John, and Cengiz Haksever. "Models for Ordering Multiple Products Subject to Multiple Constraints, Quantity and Freight Discounts." American Journal of Operations Research 03, no. 06 (2013): 521–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ajor.2013.36051.

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19

Muid, Abdul, Aulia Mustika Ilmiani, and Ahmad Fikri. "Typology of Student Learning in Qira’ah Subject with Multiple Intelligence Perspective." Ta'lim al-'Arabiyyah: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab & Kebahasaaraban 5, no. 1 (2021): 84–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/jpba.v5i1.12434.

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This study tries to reveal the typology of student learning in Qira'ah subjects, the Multiple Intelligence of students in these subjects, and the relationship between student learning typology in Qira'ah subjects from the perspective of Multiple Intelligences. The Subjects in this study were students of the Jam'iyah Ihsaniyah al-Mukhtariyah Kerinci Islamic Boarding School. This research uses qualitative and quantitative methods. The results showed that the type of student learning in Qira'ah subjects consisted of Auditory learning types, followed by Visual learning types and some students had
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20

GOODGLASS, HAROLD, ARTHUR WINGFIELD, MARY R. HYDE, JEAN BERKO GLEASON, NANCY L. BOWLES, and ROBERTA E. GALLAGHER. "The importance of word-initial phonology: Error patterns in prolonged naming efforts by aphasic patients." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 3, no. 2 (1997): 128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617797001288.

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Whether multiple conscious efforts at word search bring a subject closer to an elusive word and to eventual successful retrieval remains a subject of debate. Previous work with normal participants has shown that multiple attempts eventuating in correct retrieval are not usually associated with a systematic progression toward target word phonology in the intervening attempts. In this study we analyzed the naming errors produced by 30 aphasic patients who had received the Boston Naming Test. The analyses were designed to elucidate the characteristics of responses that led to eventual success. Ou
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21

Gunter, Philip, James J. Fox, Michael P. Brady, Richard E. Shores, and Kyle Cavanaugh. "Nonhandicapped Peers as Multiple Exemplars: A Generalization Tactic for Promoting Autistic Students' Social Skills." Behavioral Disorders 13, no. 2 (1988): 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019874298801300206.

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Two socially withdrawn autistic boys were subjects of this study. A teacher prompt and praise procedure was applied sequentially across dyads composed of a subject and a nonhandicapped peer. Direct observation assessed changes in subjects' social behavior during these structured play sessions and again during later free-play generalization sessions. Results indicated that, as the training procedure was applied across each of the first three nonhandicapped peers, both subjects increased their interactions with those peers. One subject spontaneously began to interact with the nonhandicapped peer
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22

Ahn Myong-Chol. "On the Multiple Subject Appearing Structure and the Vested." Society for Korean Language & Literary Research 39, no. 4 (2011): 81–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.15822/skllr.2011.39.4.81.

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23

Bornmann, Lutz. "Assigning publications to multiple subject categories for bibliometric analysis." Journal of Documentation 70, no. 1 (2014): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-10-2012-0136.

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Purpose – This study is concerned with a problem in measuring citation impact with the aid of percentile data, which arises from the assignment of publications (or the journals in which the publications have appeared) by Thomson Reuters for the Web of Science to more than one subject category. If there is more than one subject category for a publication, it is initially unclear which category is to be used to create the reference set for the calculation of the percentile. This paper seeks to address these issues. Design/methodology/approach – In this study the author would like to look at whet
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24

Saenco, Anna, and Stéphane Laurens. "The Dialogical Subject and its Multiple and Opposing Positions." Journal of Constructivist Psychology 33, no. 3 (2019): 332–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10720537.2019.1568938.

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25

Shader, Richard I. "Sex Versus Gender: A Touchy Subject for Multiple Sclerosis." Clinical Therapeutics 36, no. 12 (2014): 1865–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.11.007.

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26

Bianchini, Paolo, and Maria Cristina Morandini. "A Useless Subject?" Journal of Educational Media, Memory, and Society 9, no. 1 (2017): 58–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jemms.2017.090104.

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Civic education has always been an ancillary subject in the Italian school system. Introduced at the end of the 1950s as a sort of appendage to the history programs, it has recently been subject to multiple reforms although little or nothing has changed in reality. The analysis of a sample of civic education textbooks in use in schools explains some reasons for this breakdown. Even though they apply the new legislation, these textbooks retain the most blatant defect of civic education in the Western world—the lack of a clear and convincing model of the citizen.
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27

Fox, Lindsay. "Playing to Teachers’ Strengths: Using Multiple Measures of Teacher Effectiveness to Improve Teacher Assignments." Education Finance and Policy 11, no. 1 (2016): 70–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp_a_00176.

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Current uses of value-added modeling largely ignore or assume away the potential for teachers to be more effective with one type of student than another or in one subject than another. This paper explores the stability of value-added measures across different subgroups and subjects using administrative data from a large urban school district. For elementary school teachers, effectiveness measures are highly stable across subgroups, with correlations upward of 0.9. The estimated cross-subject correlation between math and English language arts is around 0.7, suggesting some differential effectiv
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28

Qayed, Abdullah, and Dong Han. "High-dimensional covariance matrices tests for analyzing multi-tumor gene expression data." Statistical Methods in Medical Research 30, no. 8 (2021): 1904–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09622802211009257.

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By collecting multiple sets per subject in microarray data, gene sets analysis requires characterize intra-subject variation using gene expression profiling. For each subject, the data can be written as a matrix with the different subsets of gene expressions (e.g. multiple tumor types) indexing the rows and the genes indexing the columns. To test the assumption of intra-subject (tumor) variation, we present and perform tests of multi-set sphericity and multi-set identity of covariance structures across subjects (tumor types). We demonstrate by both theoretical and empirical studies that the te
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DE HAAS, NYNKE, and ANS VAN KEMENADE. "The origin of the Northern Subject Rule: subject positions and verbal morphosyntax in older English." English Language and Linguistics 19, no. 1 (2014): 49–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674314000306.

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This article presents new evidence for the early history of the Northern Subject Rule in the form of an exhaustive corpus study of plural present-tense indicative verb forms in Northern and Northern Midlands early Middle English, analysed in relation to their syntactic context, including subject type and subject–verb adjacency. We show that variation between -∅/e/n and -s endings was conditioned by both subject type and adjacency in a core area around Yorkshire, whereas in more peripheral areas, the adjacency condition was weaker and often absent.We present an analysis of these facts in relati
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Smith, Marilyn J., and Pauline Atherton Cochrane. "Creating Better Subject Access with Multiple Vocabularies: Upgrading the Subject Heading List for the Alzheimer’s Association." Library Resources & Technical Services 43, no. 1 (1999): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/lrts.43n1.53.

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31

Cho, Sook Whan, and Hyun Jin Hwangbo. "Multiple constraints and the resolution of Korean null subject anaphor." Korean Linguistics 15, no. 1 (2013): 50–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/kl.15.1.03cho.

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This study investigates how Korean adults interpret and identify the referent of a null subject in a narrative text, given different types of topic continuity and person features. We have found that the first-person feature was most accessible in the weak topicality condition in resolving the null subjects, and that the target sentences ending with the first-person modal suffix ‘-lay’ were read and responded to faster, and interpreted more correctly than other types of stimuli involving a third-person modal (‘-tay’) and a person-neutral modal (‘-e’). Furthermore, of the two first-person-specif
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32

Nguyen, H. N., J. Silny, D. Albers, et al. "Dynamics of esophageal bolus transport in healthy subjects studied using multiple intraluminal impedancometry." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 273, no. 4 (1997): G958—G964. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1997.273.4.g958.

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The dynamics of a bolus transport through the esophagus are largely unexplored. To study this physiological process, we applied multiple intraluminal impedancometry in 10 healthy subjects. Three different protocols were used: 1) liquid bolus administered with subject supine, 2) liquid bolus with subject upright, or 3) semisolid bolus with subject supine. Transit of different parts of a bolus (bolus head, body, and tail) was analyzed at different anatomic segments, namely the pharynx and the proximal, middle, and distal thirds of the esophagus. A characteristic pattern of bolus transport was se
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33

Bao, Xiurong, Qingchun Zhao, and Hongxi Yin. "A Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Reservoir Computing System Subject to Optoelectronic Feedbacks and Mutual Coupling." Entropy 22, no. 2 (2020): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22020231.

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In this paper, a multiple-input multiple-output reservoir computing (RC) system is proposed, which is composed of multiple nonlinear nodes (Mach–Zehnder modulators) and multiple mutual-coupling loops of optoelectronic delay lines. Each input signal is added into every mutual-coupling loop to implement the simultaneous recognition of multiple route signals, which results in the signal processing speed improving and the number of routes increasing. As an example, the four-route input and four-route output RC is simultaneously realized by numerical simulations. The results show that this type of
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34

Li, Mengfan, Fang Lin, and Guizhi Xu. "A TrAdaBoost Method for Detecting Multiple Subjects’ N200 and P300 Potentials Based on Cross-Validation and an Adaptive Threshold." International Journal of Neural Systems 30, no. 03 (2020): 2050009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129065720500094.

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Traditional training methods need to collect a large amount of data for every subject to train a subject-specific classifier, which causes subjects fatigue and training burden. This study proposes a novel training method, TrAdaBoost based on cross-validation and an adaptive threshold (CV-T-TAB), to reduce the amount of data required for training by selecting and combining multiple subjects’ classifiers that perform well on a new subject to train a classifier. This method adopts cross-validation to extend the amount of the new subject’s training data and sets an adaptive threshold to select the
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35

Lackey, Douglas P. "A Single Subject in Multiple Protocols: Is the Risk Equitable?" IRB: Ethics and Human Research 8, no. 1 (1986): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3564428.

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36

Ahn Myong-Chol. "On the Multiple Subject Structure and Complement Structure in Korean." Journal of Korean Linguistics ll, no. 73 (2015): 35–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15811/jkl.2015..73.002.

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Hirano, Masami, Yosuke Yamada, Masanobu Hibi, et al. "Simultaneous multiple-subject analysis of respiratory gas exchange in humans." Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine 3, no. 2 (2014): 269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.7600/jpfsm.3.269.

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Sanchez-Silva, Mauricio, Georgia-Ann Klutke, and David V. Rosowsky. "Life-cycle performance of structures subject to multiple deterioration mechanisms." Structural Safety 33, no. 3 (2011): 206–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2011.03.003.

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39

Ji-Hye Kim and Lee,Yong-hun. "Statistical Analyses of Interpretive Properties of Korean Multiple Subject Constructions." Journal of Studies in Language 32, no. 4 (2017): 665–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18627/jslg.32.4.201702.665.

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40

Pan, J. N. "Reliability prediction of imperfect switching systems subject to multiple stresses." Microelectronics Reliability 37, no. 3 (1997): 439–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-2714(96)00046-7.

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41

Guo, Ying, and Roderick J. Little. "Bayesian Multiple Imputation for Assay Data Subject to Measurement Error." Journal of Statistical Theory and Practice 7, no. 2 (2013): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15598608.2013.772018.

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42

Kline, David, Rebecca Andridge, and Eloise Kaizar. "Comparing multiple imputation methods for systematically missing subject-level data." Research Synthesis Methods 8, no. 2 (2015): 136–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1192.

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Li, Chunping, Huibing Hao, Fang Xu, and Guotao Zhao. "Reliability Evaluation of Multiple DCFP System subject to Shifting Threshold." Shock and Vibration 2020 (July 14, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9206239.

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This paper focuses on system reliability analysis with dependent competing failure process due to soft failure and hard failure. Some new probabilistic methods based on cumulative shock model and nonlinear Wiener process under different shifting thresholds situation are obtained. Considering that nonlinearity exists extensively in practice, the continuous soft failure process is governed by random effected nonlinear Wiener process. Firstly, reliability evaluation models for hard failure and soft failure are obtained under the cumulative shock, respectively. Furthermore, some system reliability
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Marasca, Andre, Andre Backes, Fabio Favarim, Marcelo Teixeira, and Dalcimar Casanova. "EDT Method for Multiple Labelled Objects Subject to Tied Distances." International Journal of Automation and Computing 18, no. 3 (2021): 468–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11633-021-1285-0.

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Hamm, C. W., J. S. Ali, and D. W. Herr. "A system for simultaneous multiple subject, multiple stimulus modality, and multiple channel collection and analysis of sensory evoked potentials." Journal of Neuroscience Methods 102, no. 2 (2000): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-0270(00)00279-x.

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Zhu, Hou Hua, Xian Feng Huang, Ya Mei Wang, and Xiao Chun Li. "Study on Multi-Subject Analysis of Water-Saving Society Construction." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 2993–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.2993.

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Proposed construction of the main water-saving society, including government, business (market), social organizations and the general public. Government is the central subject of water-saving society, the enterprise (market) is the body of the efficiency, social organization is the body of the welfare, the public is the foundation subject. By analyzing the operating mechanism of multiple subjects, we can find multiple subjects of water-saving social organization presents network, rather than bureaucracy, according to their nature need to play different roles complement each other, to participa
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47

Standing, Lionel, and Lorie Curtis. "Subvocalization Rate versus other Predictors of the Memory Span." Psychological Reports 65, no. 2 (1989): 487–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1989.65.2.487.

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Two experiments were performed to determine how accurately the immediate memory span may be predicted from the subject's subvocalization rate, as compared with other subject and stimulus variables. In the first, span and free-recall measures were obtained for 24 subjects, each tested with four types of spoken material (nonsense syllables, random words, fourth-order approximations to English, and normal prose). Silent subvocalization rate, whispered subvocalization rate, speaking rate, and silent reading rate were also measured for each subject. The span (3.9–14 items) showed the highest zero-o
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48

Badgley, Catherine. "The multiple scales of biodiversity." Paleobiology 29, no. 1 (2003): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/0094-8373(2003)029<0011:tmsob>2.0.co;2.

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The claim that measures of global biodiversity dynamics are meaningless is based upon several methodological problems, including underrepresentation of tropical regions in “global” Phanerozoic data sets, inaccuracies in taxonomic data, non-equivalence of higher taxa among groups of organisms, and uneven sampling intensity across groups, environments, and time intervals. Some of these problems are inherent in the fossil record, whereas others lie in documentation and interpretation of the subject. But the subject of global biodiversity is perfectly legitimate, even if problems persist in evalua
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Alajbeg, Iva Z., Ivana Lapić, Dunja Rogić, et al. "Within-Subject Reliability and between-Subject Variability of Oxidative Stress Markers in Saliva of Healthy Subjects: A Longitudinal Pilot Study." Disease Markers 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2697464.

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The present study evaluated diurnal variations and day-to-day fluctuations of salivary oxidative stress (OS) markers in healthy adult individuals. Whole unstimulated saliva was collected at 2 time intervals over 3 consecutive days. Glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and uric acid (UA) were analyzed using spectrophotometric methods, while 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined using immunoassays. No significant differences for salivary OS markers between men and women were observed. For all examined OS
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Violato, Claudio. "Item Difficulty and Discrimination as a Function of Stem Completeness." Psychological Reports 69, no. 3 (1991): 739–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1991.69.3.739.

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The effects on item difficulty and discrimination of stem completeness (complete stem or incomplete stem) for multiple-choice items were studied experimentally. Subjects (166 junior education students) were classified into three achievement groups (low, medium, high) and one of two forms of a multiple-choice test was randomly assigned to each subject. A two-way factorial design (completeness × achievement) was used as the experimental model. Analysis indicated that stem completeness had no effect on either item discrimination or difficulty and there was no interaction effect with achievement.
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