Academic literature on the topic 'Multiple thin film stack'
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Journal articles on the topic "Multiple thin film stack"
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Gupta, Vaibhav, John A. Sellers, Charles D. Ellis, Simin Zou, George A. Hernandez, Rujun Bai, Yang Cao, David B. Tuckerman, and Michael C. Hamilton. "Preserving Nb Superconducvity in Thin Film Flexible Structures." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2016, DPC (January 1, 2016): 002075–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2016dpc-tha32.
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Similar to observations from other groups, we have observed degradation of the superconducting properties of Nb thin films that have been subjected to subsequent high temperature fabrication processes, such as curing of a passivating polyimide layer at 350°C. This degradation may be caused by interaction with material that diffuses into the Nb during the subsequent processes, and is the subject of ongoing research. To counteract these degradation effects, we have explored multiple materials as barrier layers to attempt to isolate and protect the Nb. The effectiveness of the barrier layer depends on the use of an appropriate layer stack that minimizes degradation in the superconducting thin film, is compatible with subsequent fabrication steps, and is stable and repeatable. We have investigated multiple material stack-ups to protect Nb-based superconducting thin film in flexible structures. We show that curing polymers above a certain temperature on top of a Nb layer can adversely affect the superconducting properties including critical transition temperature (Tc) and critical current (Ic). DC electrical characterization of patterned film test structures were carried out using a closed-cycle cryostat to determine Tc and Ic for the samples. Details of the fabrication processes, experimental procedures and performance results will be presented. Results of these experiments are expected to provide insight into possible materials stack-ups for packaging and interconnect structures for future cryogenic electronics systems.
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Kuo, Yue, and Chi-Chou Lin. "Polycrystalline Silicon Thin Film Formed By Multiple Pulsed Rapid Thermal Annealing – Intrinsic a-Si Film Thickness Effect." MRS Proceedings 1426 (2012): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2012.836.
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ABSTRACTThe polycrystalline n+/intrinsic silicon thin film stacks with various original intrinsic amorphous silicon layer thicknesses were formed using the multiple pulsed rapid thermal annealing process with the Ni-induced crystallization mechanism. The thick polycrystalline silicon stack was prepared by repeated steps of 1) amorphous silicon thin film deposition, 2) solution oxidation, 3) dehydrogenation, 4) pulsed rapid thermal annealing, and 5) oxide stripping. The poly-Si film properties, such as the grain size, orientation, and volume fraction of the crystalline phase, were related to the original intrinsic silicon film thickness and the total thermal budget. This process is effective in preparing the high volume fraction polycrystalline silicon thin film, which is important for low-cost thin-film solar cells, electronic and optoelectronic devices.
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Puttichaem, Chanida, Guilherme P. Souza, Kurt C. Ruthe, and Kittipong Chainok. "Characterization of Ultra-Thin Diamond-Like Carbon Films by SEM/EDX." Coatings 11, no. 6 (June 17, 2021): 729. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11060729.
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A novel, high throughput method to characterize the chemistry of ultra-thin diamond-like carbon films is discussed. The method uses surface sensitive SEM/EDX to provide substrate-specific, semi-quantitative silicon nitride/DLC stack composition of protective films extensively used in the hard disk drives industry and at Angstrom-level. SEM/EDX output is correlated to TEM to provide direct, gauge-capable film thickness information using multiple regression models that make predictions based on film constituents. The best model uses the N/Si ratio in the films, instead of separate Si and N contributions. Topography of substrate/film after undergoing wear is correlatively and compositionally described based on chemical changes detected via the SEM/EDX method without the need for tedious cross-sectional workflows. Wear track regions of the substrate have a film depleted of carbon, as well as Si and N in the most severe cases, also revealing iron oxide formation. Analysis of film composition variations around industry-level thicknesses reveals a complex interplay between oxygen, silicon and nitrogen, which has been reflected mathematically in the regression models, as well as used to provide valuable insights into the as-deposited physics of the film.
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Kamau, Steve, Safaa Hassan, Khadijah Alnasser, Hualiang Zhang, Jingbiao Cui, and Yuankun Lin. "Broadband Absorption in Patterned Metal/Weakly-Absorbing-Spacer/Metal with Graded Photonic Super-Crystal." Photonics 8, no. 4 (April 8, 2021): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8040114.
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It is challenging to realize the complete broadband absorption of near-infrared in thin optical devices. In this paper, we studied high light absorption in two devices: a stack of Au-pattern/insulator/Au-film and a stack of Au-pattern/weakly-absorbing-material/Au-film where the Au-pattern was structured in graded photonic super-crystal. We observed multiple-band absorption, including one near 1500 nm, in a stack of Au-pattern/spacer/Au-film. The multiple-band absorption is due to the gap surface plasmon polariton when the spacer thickness is less than 30 nm. Broadband absorption appears in the near-infrared when the insulator spacer is replaced by a weakly absorbing material. E-field intensity was simulated and confirmed the formation of gap surface plasmon polaritons and their coupling with Fabry–Pérot resonance.
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Bu, Ling, Weiyu Xu, Shengjiang Quan, Hongfei Li, Bingji Xu, and Lei Song. "Improvement of charge storage characteristics of silicon based polyvinylidene fluoride thin film through heat treatment and multiple layer stack." Journal of Electrostatics 81 (June 2016): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elstat.2016.02.006.
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Yadav, Nitish, Kamal Prakash Pandey, and Pramod Narayan Tripathi. "Structural and electrical properties of ferroelectric BiFeO3/HfO2 gate stack for nonvolatile memory applications." Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 08, no. 05 (October 2018): 1850037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010135x18500376.
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Difficulties in the fabrication of direct interface of ferroelectric BiFeO3 on the gate of ferroelectric field effect transistor (FeFET) is well known. This paper reports the optimization and fabrication of ferroelectric/dielectric (BiFeO3/HfO[Formula: see text] gate stack for the FeFET applications. RF magnetron sputtering has been used for the deposition of BiFeO3, HfO2 films and their stack. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of BiFeO3 shows the dominant perovskite phase of (104), (110) orientation at 2[Formula: see text] at the annealing temperature of 500[Formula: see text]C. XRD analysis also confirms the amorphous nature of the HfO2 film at annealing temperature of 400[Formula: see text]C, 500[Formula: see text]C and 600[Formula: see text]C. Multiple angle analysis shows the variation ion the refractive index between 2.98–3.0214 for BiFeO3 and 2.74–2.9 for the HfO2 film with the annealing temperature. Metal/Ferroelectric/Silicon (MFS), Metal/Ferroelectric/Metal (MFM), Metal/Insulator/Silicon (MIS), and Metal/Ferroelectric/Insulator/Silicon (MFIS) structures have been fabricated to obtain the electric characteristic of the ferroelectric, dielectric and their stacks. Electrical characteristics of the MFIS structure show the memory improvement from 2.7[Formula: see text]V for MFS structure to 4.65[Formula: see text]V for MFIS structure with 8[Formula: see text]nm of buffer dielectric layer. This structure also shows the breakdown voltage of 40[Formula: see text]V with data retention capacity greater than [Formula: see text] iteration cycles.
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Lu, Hsueh-Tsung, Yutao Qin, and Yogesh Gianchandani. "A Microvalve Module with High Chemical Inertness and Embedded Flow Heating for Microscale Gas Chromatography." Sensors 21, no. 2 (January 18, 2021): 632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020632.
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This paper reports a multi-valve module with high chemical inertness and embedded flow heating for microscale gas chromatography (µGC) systems. The multi-valve module incorporates a monolithically microfabricated die stack, polyimide valve membranes, and solenoid actuators. The design incorporates three valves within a single module of volume 30.2 cm3, which is suitable for the small form factor of µGC systems. The die stack uses fused silica wafers and polyimide valve membranes that enhance chemical inertness. The monolithic die stack requires only three lithographic masks to pattern fluidic microchannels, valve seats, and thin-film metal heaters and thermistors. The performance of fabricated multi-valve modules is compared to a commercial valve in tests using multiple volatile organic compounds, including alkanes, alcohols, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons, and phosphonates. The valves show almost no distortion of chromatographic peaks. The experimentally measured ratio of flow conductance is 3.46 × 103, with 4.15 sccm/kPa in the open state and 0.0012 sccm/kPa in the closed state. The response time is <120 ms.
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Varvaro, G., S. Laureti, D. Peddis, M. Hassan, G. Barucca, P. Mengucci, A. Gerardino, et al. "Co/Pd-Based synthetic antiferromagnetic thin films on Au/resist underlayers: towards biomedical applications." Nanoscale 11, no. 45 (2019): 21891–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr06866j.
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Thin film stacks made of multiple repeats of Co/Pd-based SAF units with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and tunable magnetic moment were explored as starting material to fabricate free-standing micro/nanodisks for theranostic applications.
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Jewel, Mohi Uddin, Mahmuda Akter Monne, Bhagyashree Mishra, and Maggie Yihong Chen. "Inkjet-Printed Molybdenum Disulfide and Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Active Layer High On/Off Ratio Transistors." Molecules 25, no. 5 (February 28, 2020): 1081. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25051081.
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Fully inkjet-printed device fabrication is a crucial goal to enable large-area printed electronics. The limited number of two-dimensional (2D) material inks, the bottom-gated structures, and the low current on/off ratio of thin-film transistors (TFTs) has impeded the practical applications of the printed 2D material TFTs. In the search for TFTs with high current ratios, we introduce a stable and efficient method of nitrogen-doped graphene (NDG) ink preparation for inkjet printing by liquid-phase exfoliation. The NDG thin film is print-stacked with molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) by multiple printing passes to construct a MoS2–NDG stack. We demonstrate top-gated fully inkjet-printed MoS2–NDG transistors with silver drain, source, and gate electrodes, and a barium titanate (BaTiO3) dielectric. A 100% inkjet-printed MoS2–NDG vertical 2D active heterostructure layer transistor with a current on/off ratio of 1200 is exhibited. The results may lead towards the development of all-printed 2D material-based transistor switches.
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Jerng, Sahng-Kyoon, Jae Ho Jeon, Youngwook Kim, Jun Sung Kim, and Seung-Hyun Chun. "Multiple surface conduction channels via topological insulator and amorphous insulator thin film multi-stacks." Current Applied Physics 19, no. 3 (March 2019): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2018.07.020.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Multiple thin film stack"
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Helán, Radek. "Modelování a optimalizace komplexních vláknových difrakčních struktur." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233450.
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The thesis discusses the fiber Bragg gratings simulations, analysis and design. In the present time, there are several methods to simulate fiber gratings response based on the stated parameters that define their dimensions and material features. However, this work deals with a different issue, that is the synthesis of the input parameters for demanded spectral responses. The main aim of the work is to achieve a synthesis method that would help to discover parameters describing advanced grating structure, based on the required spectral reflectivity. The basic demand for the parameter synthesis is an achievement of the real values in terms of the consequent production of the suggested structure. The described synthesis method considers advanced fiber grating structure as a structure of several uniform grating sections. The input parameters are estimated in steps, using the well-known direct methods in order to obtain grating responses and feedback to establish the parameters changes. The principle methods involve establishment of initial input parameter values and necessary subsequent algorithm leading to optimize the required spectral response. The initial values are calculated by a simplified model based on the coupled theory equations that are handled for the periodic disturbances in cylindrical waveguide. The following optimization uses the multiple thin film stack and transfer matrix methods. The properties of grating structure spectral reflectivity are step by step calculated while using these direct methods. Input parameters are established in the next several steps. Establishment of input parameters is done subsequently, based on the demanded and calculated output spectral reflectivity properties. Optimizing process is limited by possibilities of the grating manufacture technology. It is possible to assemble arbitrary fiber grating structure taking in term the demanded spectral response. Nevertheless, the calculated input parameters are real for the following manufacture. This method could be used to design optical band stop filter, high-pass and low-pass filters or filters for special applications.
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Achlan, Moustafa. "Surface Plasmon Polariton and Wave Guide Modes in a Six Layer Thin Film Stack." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS109.
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Dans cette thèse, nous étudions les propriétés optiques d'un système multicouche (air-Au-SiO₂-Au-Ti-verre). Les interfaces sont planes et la modélisation est réalisée en utilisant les coefficients de Fresnel à l'interface et la propagation d'ondes planes dans les couches. Deux modèles sont utilisés où l'échantillon est : i) excité par une source à l'infini ; ii) excité par une source locale. Dans l'expérience que nous avons modélisée l'empilement est excité par les électrons tunnel inélastiques dans un microscope à effet tunnel (STM). Dans le modèle, le courant tunnel inélastique est remplacé par un dipôle oscillant vertical. En utilisant ces modèles, nous avons calculé les flux réfléchis (reflectance) et transmis (transmittance) d'une source de lumière à l'infini et le flux transmis de l'excitation locale. La reflectance, transmittance et le flux transmis montrent des modes plasmoniques (surface plasmon polaritons (SPP)) et photoniques (guide d'onde (WG)). A des longueurs d'onde particulières, les courbes de dispersion des SPP et WG présentent un croisement évité. Le choix des épaisseurs d'or et de silice a deux contraintes: une amplitude importante des observables et une large dépendance en longueurs d'onde du vecteur d'onde dans le plan. Nous étudions aussi l'influence des épaisseurs sur les observables. Nous avons trouvé que les observables ont des amplitudes importantes à pour une épaisseur d'or de [10, 90 nm] pour l'empilement de trois couches et de [10, 50 nm] pour celui de six couches. Les modes de guide d'onde apparaissent pour une épaisseur de la couche de silice de >190 nm. Afin de caractériser la localisation du champ dans l'empilement et déterminer la nature du mode, nous avons calculé le champ électrique en fonction de la coordonnée de pénétration z. Nous avons trouvé que pour le mode SPP le champ est localisé à l'interface Au-air, tandis que le champ électrique du guide d'onde est confiné dans la couche de silice. Les résultats théoriques présentés sont en bon accord avec les résultats des études expérimentales menées dans notre groupeIn this thesis, we investigate the optical properties of a six-layer stack (air-Au-SiO₂-Au-Ti-glass). The interfaces are flat and the modeling is performed using elementary Fresnel expressions at the interface and plane wave propagation in the layers. Two models are used where the sample is: i) excited by a source at infinity (excitation by source at infinity (ESI)); ii) excited by a local source. In the experiments we are modeling this source consists of the inelastic tunneling electrons from a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). In our modeling this source is replaced by a vertical oscillating dipole. Using these two models one calculates the reflected (reflectance) and the transmitted (transmittance) flux from a source at infinity and the transmitted flux of a local source. Surface plasmon polariton (SPP) and wave guide (WG) modes may be identified in the reflectance, transmittance and transmitted flux. In a particular wavelength domain the SPP and WG repel each other giving rise to an avoided crossing. The choice of the gold (Au) and silica (SiO₂) thicknesses of the six-layer stack is guided by two requirements: high amplitude of the observable and wide wavelength dependence of the in-plane wave vector. We also study the influence of the gold and silica thicknesses on the observables. We find that the observables are significant for dAu[10, 90 nm] for the three and dAu[10, 50 nm] for six layer stacks and this predictive study guided the choice of the experimental sample thicknesses. The wave guide mode appears for dSiO₂ >190 nm. The electric field as a function of the penetration coordinate z is calculated in order to characterize the location of the field in the stack and to assign the nature of the modes. We observe that for the SPP the electric field is confined at the Au-air interface whereas, the electric fields corresponding to the WG mode are confined inside SiO₂ layer. Our calculations presented in this work are in good agreement with the experimental measurements performed in our group
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Martinho, Filipe Mesquita Alves. "Development of CZTSSe thin film solar cells with inclusion of selenium in the precursor stack." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/23375.
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Mestrado em Engenharia FísicaOs compostos designados como CZTS (Cu2ZnSnS4, Cu2ZnSnSe4 e Cu2ZnSn(Sx, Se1-x)4) constituem atualmente uma das maiores promessas para produção de células solar à escala de TW, devido ao uso de elementos abundantes e ambientalmente benignos, ao contrário dos compostos equivalentes no sistema CIGS. Contudo, ainda é necessário ultrapassar algumas barreiras de modo a atingir níveis de performance necessários para o desenvolvimento à escala industrial desta tecnologia. Uma tendência de investigação promissora consiste em introduzir uma gradação vertical no bandgap, ao longo da espessura da camada absorvente, através da variação do rácio S/(S + Se). Neste trabalho, camadas absorventes à base de CZTSxSe1-X foram produzidas pelo método de deposição de precursores empilhados por pulverização catódica seguido de sulfurização em H2S, em que o elemento Se é introduzido nos precursores por evaporação térmica. Duas configurações foram testadas: uma com a sequência de empilhamento ZnS/SnS2/Se/Cu repetida por vários períodos, e outra em que uma única camada de Se é introduzida no topo da sequência total de precursores. Usando este método, foram atingidos rácios S/(S + Se) aproximados desde 1 até perto de 0.5. A gradação da composição em profundidade foi parcialmente atingida, como é revelado através de Radiofrequency Pulsed Glow Discharge Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (rf-PGDTOFMS). As camadas absorventes resultantes foram usadas para fabricar células com a estrutura SLG/Mo/CZTSSe/CdS/i-ZnO/ITO. A eficiência máxima atingida nos dispositivos fabricados foi 1.3%, numa camada com um rácio S/(S + Se) aproximado de 0.91, produzida a partir de precursores com Se no interior dos precursores empilhados. Microscopia de Eletrões Secundários (SEM), Espetroscopia de Dispersão de Energia (EDS), espetroscopia Raman e rf-PGD-TOFMS foram usados para caraterizar as amostras produzidas. As camadas absorventes produzidas, incluindo as com maior eficiência fotovoltaica, exibiram bolhas, rebentadas ou não rebentadas, e que rebentavam superficialmente ou rebentavam expondo o contacto inferior completamente, dependendo das condições de processamento. Este fenómeno foi estudado em detalhe, e novas observações não reportadas na literatura até ao momento foram encontradas, apontando para a possibilidade de controlar a formação de bolhas através do ajuste do perfil de sulfurização. Baseado nestes resultados, sugere-se uma revisão dos modelos propostos na literatura, e propõe-se um novo modelo baseado na volatilização de reagentes.
CZTS-based compounds (Cu2ZnSnS4, Cu2ZnSnSe4 eCu2ZnSn(Sx, Se1-x)4) have become one of the major contenders for solar cell production at the TW level owing to the use of earth-abundant and environmentally benign elements, unlike their CIGS counterparts. However, some hurdles still need to be overcome in order to achieve performance levels necessary for industrial scalability. One promising trend of investigation consists in introducing a vertical bandgap grading along the thickness of the absorber by means of a variation of the S/(S + Se) ratio. In this work, CZTSxSe1-X absorbers were produced by the standard two-step process of sputtering deposition of a precursor stack followed by annealing in H2S, where the element Se was added in the precursor deposition stage using thermal evaporation. Two configurations were tested: one with the stacking sequence ZnS/SnS2/Se/Cu repeated for various periods, and another configuration where a single Se layer is evaporated on top of the multi-period precursor stack. Using this method, average S/(S + Se) ratios from 1 to close to 0.5 were demonstrated. Composition grading in depth was partially achieved as shown by Radiofrequency Pulsed Glow Discharge Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (rf-PGD-TOFMS). The resulting absorbers were used to fabricate solar cells with the structure SLG/Mo/CZTSSe/CdS/i-ZnO/ITO. The highest efficiency achieved in the devices produced was 1.3%, using an absorber with an average S/(S + Se) of 0.91, produced from precursors with Se within the stack. Secondary Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Raman spectroscopy and rf-PGD-TOFMS was used to characterize the absorbers produced. The absorbers produced, including the highest performing devices, exhibited blisters, which would either burst or not burst, and burst either superficially or completely exposing the back contact, depending on processing conditions. This phenomenon was studied in detail, and new evidence was found, which has not been considered in literature so far, pointing to the possibility of significantly controlling blister formation by appropriately tuning the sulfurization profile. Based on these results, a review of the models proposed in literature to explain blister formation in CZTS is suggested, and a new model based on the volatilization of reactants is proposed.
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Andria, Sara. "Spectroelectrochemical Sensing: Novel Thin Film Characterization and Multiple Analyte Detection." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1253548394.
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Macke, Benjamin Tyler. "CHARACTERIZATION OF AN ELECTRON GUN CONTROLLED MULTIPLE SPATIAL REGION PIEZOELECTRIC THIN FILM." UKnowledge, 2003. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/312.
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Piezoelectric bimorph thin films may hold solutions for many future applications, such as lightweight deployable mirrors and inflatable struts. Non-contact actuation by an electron gun has shown promise in preventing issues that arise from attaching many wire leads to a thin film surface. This study investigates piezoelectric bimorph thin film response to electron gun actuation when covered with multiple spatial regions of control. Desired parameter ranges are found that will lead to predictable control under certain circumstances. Under such circumstances, film response is influenced almost solely by the primary electrons incident on the film, and secondary electrons have negligible effect. Such information is vital before attempting closed loop control of a thin-film piezoelectric mirror with multiple electrodes.
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Mohd, Daut Mohamad Hazwan. "Pico-grid : multiple multitype energy harvesting system." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/289426.
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This thesis focuses on the development of a low power energy harvesting system specifically targeted for wireless sensor nodes (WSN) and wireless body area network (WBAN) applications. The idea for the system is derived from the operation of a micro-grid and therefore is termed as a pico-grid and it is capable of simultaneously delivering power from multiple and multitype energy harvesters to the load at the same time, through the proposed parallel load sharing mechanism achieved by a voltage droop control method. Solar panels and thermoelectric generator (TEG) are demonstrated as the main energy harvesters for the system. Since the magnitude of the output power of the harvesters is time-varying, the droop gain in the droop feedback circuitry should be designed to be dynamic and self-adjusted according to this variation. This ensures that the maximum power is capable to be delivered to the load at all times. To achieve this, the droop gain is integrated with a light dependent resistor (LDR) and thermistor whose resistance varies with the magnitude of the source of energy for the solar panel and TEG, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate a successful variation droop mechanism and all connected sources are able to share equal load demands between them, with a maximum load sharing error of 5 %. The same mechanism is also demonstrated to work for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) functionality. This concept can potentially be extended to any other types of energy harvester. The integration of energy storage elements becomes a necessity in the pico-grid, in order to support the intermittent and sporadic nature of the output power for the harvesters. A rechargeable battery and supercapacitor are integrated in the system, and each is accurately designed to be charged when the loading in the system is low and discharged when the loading in the system is high. The dc bus voltage which indicates the magnitude of the loading in the system is utilised as the signal for the desired mode of operation. The constructed system demonstrates a successful operation of charging and discharging at specific levels of loading in the system. The system is then integrated and the first wearable prototype of the pico-grid is built and tested. A successful operation of the prototype is demonstrated and the load demand is shared equally between the source converters and energy storage. Furthermore, the pico-grid is shown to possess an inherent plug-and-play capability for the source and load converters. Few recommendations are presented in order to further improve the feasibility and reliability of the prototype for real world applications. Next, due to the opportunity of working with a new semiconductor compound and accessibility to the fabrication facilities, a ZnON thin film diode is fabricated and intended to be implemented as a flexible rectifier circuit. The fabrication process can be done at low temperature, hence opening up the possibility of depositing the device on a flexible substrate. From the temperature dependent I-V measurements, a novel method of extracting important parameters such as ideality factor, barrier height, and series resistance of the diode based on a curve fitting method is proposed. It is determined that the ideality factor of the fabricated diode is high (> 2 at RT), due to the existence of other transport mechanism apart from thermionic emission that dominates the conduction process at lower temperature. It is concluded that the high series resistance of the fabricated diode (3.8 kΩ at RT) would mainly hinder the performance of the diode in a rectifier circuit.
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John, Dominik [Verfasser]. "Uniqueness and Stability near Stationary Solutions for the Thin-Film Equation in Multiple Space Dimensions with Small Initial Lipschitz Perturbations / Dominik John." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2013. http://d-nb.info/104527626X/34.
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Apicella, Fernandez Sergio. "Surface energy modification of metal oxide to enhance electron injection in light-emitting devices : charge balance in hybrid OLEDs and OLETs." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för elektronik, matematik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-25097.
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Organic semiconductors (OSCs) present an electron mobility lower by several orders of magnitude than the hole mobility, giving rise to an electron-hole charge imbalance in organic devices such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic light-emitting transistors (OLETs). In this thesis project, I tried to achieve an efficient electron transport and injection properties in opto-electronic devices, using inorganic n-type metal oxides (MOs) instead of organic n-type materials and a polyethyleneimine ethoxylated (PEIE) thin layer as electron transport (ETLs) and injection layers (EILs), respectively. In the first part of this thesis, inverted OLEDs were fabricated in order to study the effect of the PEIE layer in-between ZnO and two different emissive layers (EMLs): poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole) polymer (F8BT) and tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum small molecule (Alq3), based on a solution and thermal evaporation processes, respectively. Different concentrations (0.80 %, 0.40 %) of PEIE layers were used to further study electron injection capability in OLEDs. After a series of optimizations in the fabrication process, the opto-electrical characterization showed high-performance of devices. The inverted OLEDs reported a maximum luminance over 104 cd m-2 and a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) around 1.11 %. The results were attributed to the additional PEIE layer which provided a good electron injection from MOs into EMLs. In the last part of the thesis, OLETs were fabricated and discussed by directly transferring the energy modification layer from OLEDs to OLETs. As metal oxide layer, ZnO:N was employed for OLETs since ZnO:N-based thin film transistors (TFTs) showed better performance than ZnO-based TFTs. Finally, due to their short life-time, OLETs were characterized electrically but not optically.
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Cecci, Ricardo Rodrigo Ramos. "Síntese e caracterização de nanocompósitos de PMMA/NTC para aplicações em células fotovoltaicas orgânicas." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/266636.
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Orientadores: Júlio Roberto Bartoli, Elizabeth Grillo FernandesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química
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Resumo: Nanotubos de carbono (NTCs) apresentam características interessantes para aplicações em eletrodos transparentes. Quando dispersos em escala nanométrica são transparentes ao espectro da luz visível e são capazes de conduzir eletricidade após atingirem percolação em matrizes poliméricas isolantes. Neste trabalho, é descrito o uso de nanotubos de carbono de camadas múltiplas (NTCMs) na produção de filmes poliméricos flexíveis transparentes e condutores como alternativa ao uso do óxido de índio dopado com estanho (ITO) em células solares orgânicas. Os nanotubos foram dispersos e purificados em solução aquosa de dodecil sulfato de sódio (SDS) pelos processos de sonicação e centrifugação, e a dispersão monitorada por espectroscopia UV-Vis e potencial ?. Os nanocompósitos foram produzidos via polimerização in situ do monômero metacrilato de metila (MMA) na presença de 0 a 1% p/p NTCs e os filmes depositados através da técnica de revestimento por rotação a alta velocidade (spin coating). A reação de polimerização foi acompanhada pela calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC). Verificou-se que na presença de NTCs, a taxa de conversão do monômero é acelerada. A cinética de degradação térmica foi avaliada pelo método de Broido utilizando a análise termogravimétrica (TGA). Foi observado que os NTCs aumentam a estabilidade térmica do PMMA, retardando a degradação por despolimerização. Estudos por espectroscopia FT-IR mostraram uma banda de absorção em 1601 cm-1, (C=C), a qual não é característica do PMMA, indicando que os NTCs participam da polimerização do PMMA. Para concentrações de até 1% p/p de NTCs, os filmes PMMA/NTC apresentaram excelentes propriedades ópticas. Ou seja, baixo coeficiente de absorção, na ordem de 103 cm-1, altos valores de gap óptico (Eopt), entre 3,2 e 4,14 eV, e alta transparência por todo espectro visível, entre 88 e 93%. Nas mesmas concentrações, foi observada uma diminuição substancial na resistividade elétrica dos filmes em 8 ordens de grandeza (de 1016 para 108 ?/quadrado), comparados ao filme de PMMA puro. Entretanto, a faixa de resistividade alcançada ainda é típica de materiais isolantes. Estudos de otimização poderiam originar filmes PMMA/NTC como uma alternativa promissora para ITO em OPVs
Abstract: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have interesting features for applications in transparent electrodes. When dispersed at the nanoscale, they become transparent within the visible range and are able to conduct electricity after reaching the percolation threshold in an insulating polymer matrix. In this work, the use of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is described for the production of flexible transparent conducting polymer films as an alternative to the use of indium-tin oxide (ITO) in organic solar cells. The nanotubes were dispersed and purified in an aqueous solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) by the process of sonication and centrifugation, and the dispersion monitored by UV-Vis spectroscopy and ? potential. The nanocomposites were produced via in situ polymerization of the monomer methyl methacrylate (MMA) in the presence of 0 to 1 %wt. of CNTs. The films were deposited by the spin-coating technique. The polymerization reaction was monitored by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was found that in the presence of CNTs, the conversion rate of the monomer is accelerated. The kinetics of thermal degradation was measured according to the Broido's method by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It was observed that CNTs increase the thermal stability of PMMA, slowing degradation by depolymerization. FT-IR data showed an absorption band at 1601 cm-1 (C = C), which is not characteristic of PMMA, indicating that the CNTs takes place in the polymerization of PMMA. For concentrations up to 1wt% of CNTs, the PMMA/CNT films had excellent optical properties, i.e., a low absorption coefficient in the order of 103 cm-1, wide optical gap (Eopt) between 3.2 and 4.14 eV, and high transparency within the whole visible range, between 88 and 93%. In the same concentrations, the electrical resistivity of the films dropped by 8 orders of magnitude (from 1016 to 108 ?/sqr), compared to the pure PMMA film. Even though this electrical resistivity value is typical of insulating materials, further optimization studies could provide PMMA/CNT films as a promising alternative to ITO in OPV
Mestrado
Ciencia e Tecnologia de Materiais
Mestre em Engenharia Química
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Bouhki, Mohamed. "Amorphisation par réaction à l'état solide dans les multicouches NI/TI." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10005.
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Ce travail concerne l'étude de l'amorphisation par réaction à l'état solide dans les multicouches NI/TI. En premier lieu, les multicouches NI/TI évoluent des que leur température augmente. Le début de l'amorphisation se fait par transformation d'intercouches mixtes par recuit. Ensuite le phénomène se poursuit par dissolution du titane dans le nickel, simultanément avec le phénomène d'amorphisation. Les mesures de résistivité électrique et de diffraction des rayons X permettent de suivre la cinétique d'amorphisation et d'accéder aux coefficients de diffusion. Les valeurs déterminées sont du même ordre de grandeur dans les deux cas. Trois régimes sont mis en évidence: tout d'abord un régime de croissance linéaire contrôlé par réaction à l'interface, puis un régime parabolique contrôlé par diffusion et enfin un ralentissement attribue à un comportement de l'intercouche amorphe en barrière de diffusion
Books on the topic "Multiple thin film stack"
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Thomson, C. Claire. Symphony of a Short Film: A City Called Copenhagen. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474424134.003.0010.
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This chapter is devoted to a detailed account of the life cycle of one film, arguably the high water mark of Dansk Kulturfilm’s production: Jørgen Roos’ 1960 short A City Called Copenhagen. This film was nominated for an Academy Award in the Short Subject category. The commissioning process and funding negotiations for this film were prolonged and complex, and are referred to in the film itself, an example of its use of humour. The film was shot on the cusp of the 1960s, and so documents changes to the cityscape, including the presence of Arne Jacobsen’s SAS Hotel. A City Called Copenhagen also circulated very widely and in multiple languages, offering a rich history of distribution and reception. Shot on Eastmancolor stock, the film is an exemplar of how the material instantiation of informational films impacts on their life cycle, and illustrates how the use of digital restoration techniques can recover films for a new digital dispositif.
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Meeusen, Meghann. Children's Books on the Big Screen. University Press of Mississippi, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496828644.001.0001.
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Adaptation studies scholars suggest that no matter how interesting it may be to pick apart a film’s consistency with and departure from its source, these approaches can be limiting because books and movies operate as two very different mediums. Children’s Books on the Big Screen moves away from this approach by tracing a pattern across films for young viewers to highlight a consistent trend: when films are adapted from children’s and YA books, concepts like self/other, male/female, and adult/child become more strongly contrasted and more diametrically opposed in the film version. Children’s Books on the Big Screen describes this as binary polarization, suggesting that more stark opposition between concepts leads to shifts in the messages that texts send, particularly when it comes to representations of gender, race, and childhood. After introducing why critics need a new way of thinking about children’s adapted texts, Children’s Books on the Big Screen uses middle-grade fantasy adaptations to consider the reason for binary polarization and looks at the ideological results of polarized binaries in adolescent films and movies adapted from picturebooks. The text also explores movies adapted from The Wonderful Wizard of Oz to dig into instances when multiple films are adapted from a single source and ends with pragmatic classroom application, suggesting teachers might utilize this theory to help students think critically about movies created by the Walt Disney corporation. Drawing from numerous popular contemporary examples, Children’s Books on the Big Screen posits a theory that can begin to explain what happens—and what is at stake—when children’s and young adult books are made into movies.
Book chapters on the topic "Multiple thin film stack"
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Zhou, Xichun, and Jizhong Zhou. "Antibody-Microarrays on Hybrid Polymeric Thin Film-Coated Slides for Multiple-Protein Immunoassays." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 259–71. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-304-2_17.
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Li, M. Z., H. S. Ma, L. H. Liang, and Y. G. Wei. "Multiple-Scale Interface Fracture Analysis for Thin Film/Substrate System Under Temperature Mismatch." In IUTAM Symposium on Surface Effects in the Mechanics of Nanomaterials and Heterostructures, 137–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4911-5_12.
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"Fabrication of Multiple-Quantum Dots (MQDs) by MLD." In Thin-Film Organic Photonics, 109–24. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b10792-4.
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Schütz, J. "AGITATED THIN-FILM REACTORS AND TUBULAR REACTORS WITH STATIC MIXERS FOR A RAPID EXOTHERMIC MULTIPLE REACTION." In Tenth International Symposium on Chemical Reaction Engineering, 1975–80. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-036969-3.50039-7.
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Tatchyn, Roman. "Methods Based on Multiple-Slit Fourier Transform Interferometry for Determining Thin-Film Optical Constants in the VUV/Soft X-Ray Range." In Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids, 247–77. Elsevier, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012544415-6.50053-4.
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TATCHYN, ROMAN. "Methods Based on Multiple-Slit Fourier Transform Interferometry for Determining Thin-Film Optical Constants in the VUV/Soft X-Ray Range." In Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids, 247–77. Elsevier, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-055630-7.50014-6.
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Scott, Allen J. "Geography, Entrepreneurship, and Innovation." In Geography and Economy. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199284306.003.0006.
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Throughout his voluminous writings, Marx insisted on the notion of capitalism as a turbulent scene of production and exchange, gripped by the forces of competition in an endless process of self-transformation. In these circumstances, every firm faces a stark choice between the continual need to upgrade its process and product configurations or eventually going out of business. The result is what Schumpeter (1942), in an explicit invocation of Marx, called ‘creative destruction’, that is, the periodic abandonment of old equipment, production methods, and product designs in favour of newer and more economically performative assets. At the same time, as both Marx and Schumpeter recognized, creative destruction is inscribed within an ever-expanding sphere of economic activity due to the growth of existing firms, the extension of entrepreneurship, and the appearance of new products on final markets. Capitalism, in brief, is a complex Weld of forces spurring constant qualitative and quantitative readjustments across all its multiple dimensions of operation (cf. Baumol 2002). Sometimes these readjustments are of cataclysmic proportions, as when steam replaced water-power in the nineteenth century; more often than not, as Rosenberg (1982) points out, they take the form of small, incremental steps, many of which may be minuscule, but which collectively produce the incessant instability descried by Marx and Schumpeter. Of late years, there has been a considerable outpouring of literature devoted to these themes, much of it partaking of institutionalist and evolutionary economic theory (e.g. Archibugi et al. 1999; Arthur 1990; David 1985; Edquist 1997; Foray and Lundvall 1996; Freeman 1995; Lundvall and Johnson 1994; Nelson 1993; Von Hippel 1988). An important aspect of this literature is the emphasis that much of it assigns to geography—and above all to the region—as an active force in moulding industrial performance qua new firm formation, learning, invention, and growth (cf. Acs et al. 2002; Antonelli 2003; Audretsch and Feldman 1996; Cooke and Morgan 1998; Feldman 1994; Howells 1999; Maskell and Malmberg 1999; Oinas and Malecki 1999; Simmie 2003; Storper 1995).
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Wolfman, Jérôme, Beatrice Negulescu, Antoine Ruyter, Ndioba Niang, and Nazir Jaber. "Interface Combinatorial Pulsed Laser Deposition to Enhance Heterostructures Functional Properties." In Laser Ablation [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94415.
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In this chapter we will describe a new development of combinatorial pulsed laser deposition (CPLD) which targets the exploration of interface libraries. The idea is to modulate continuously the composition of interfaces on a few atomic layers in order to alter their functional properties. This unique combinatorial synthesis of interfaces is possible due to very specific PLD characteristics. The first one is its well-known ability for complex oxide stoichiometry transfer from the target to the film. The second one is the layer by layer control of thin film growth at the atomic level using in-situ RHEED characterization. The third one relates to the directionality of the ablated plume which allows for selective area deposition on the substrate using a mobile shadow-mask. However PLD also has some limitations and important PLD aspects to be considered for reliable CPLD are reviewed. Multiple examples regarding the control of interface magnetism in magnetic tunnel junctions and energy band and Schottky barrier height tuning in ferroelectric tunable capacitors are presented.
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Willetts, David. "The Student Academic Experience." In A University Education. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767268.003.0014.
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I can still remember going to my first economics lecture when I arrived at Oxford to study Politics, Philosophy, and Economics. It was a rather plodding account of the main British industries of the 1970s—manufacturing, mining, etc. The only vivid moment came when we were breaking up at the end and a student sitting nearby turned to me with a question: ‘What’, he asked, ‘is coal?’ International students really do bring different perspectives. Looking back now I can see that the economics faculty could have done so much more with that first lecture. They should have fielded Oxford’s most eminent professor to give us a powerful account of the shape and significance of economics. That first lecture was always going to stick in the memory: it was a missed opportunity. Oxford subsequently reformed their lectures for new students and deploy their most prestigious academics. Other universities have done this too. One academic told me, with just a hint of cynicism, the first lecture to new students was like empty skips appearing in your street—you need to fill them with your rubbish before anyone else can put their rubbish in. The teaching of economics has been caught up in swirling controversy. It involves big arguments about the role of the state and how the global financial crisis should change the discipline. But it is also about what constitutes good teaching. Here is an account of how the subject was taught at one university: ‘Tutorials consist of copying problem sets off the board rather than discussing economic ideas, and 18 out of 48 modules have 50% or more marks given by multiple choice.’ Proper teaching involves keeping a subject fresh by endlessly updating it as some contested issues are resolved or just become moribund whilst new areas of exploration and dispute emerge. Einstein is supposed to have set students the same physics questions two years in succession, but when he was challenged he replied that although the question was the same the answer had changed. The quality of teaching is the biggest problem facing our universities.
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Nadkarni, Nalini M., and Robert O. Lawton. "Ecosystem Ecology and Forest Dynamics." In Monteverde. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195095609.003.0015.
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The earth’s surface supports living organisms and their environments to form the biosphere, a thin film of life around the planet. Organisms participate in interacting systems or communities, and these communities are coupled to their environments by the transfer of matter and energy and by movements of air, water, and organisms. Human activities in Monteverde and elsewhere can drastically alter forest ecosystems. Textbooks on ecosystem ecology typically include such topics as community structure and composition (including plant growth forms, vertical structure, niche space, species diversity), communities and environments (species distributions along environmental gradients, community classification, succession), production (food chains and webs, decomposition and detritus, photosynthesis), and nutrient cycling (mineral nutrition of organisms, soil development, biogeochemistry). Our understanding of tropical ecosystem ecology generally falls short of what we know of other aspects of tropical biology. There are far more studies concerning population biology, autecology, and life history of tropical organisms than nutrient cycling, productivity, and landscape ecology. This pattern is true in Monteverde and in such well-studied tropical forests as La Selva, Barro Colorado Island (BCI), and the Luquillo National Forest (Lugo and Lowe 1995, McDade et al. 1994). Logistical blocks to ecosystem research exist because collaborating teams of scientists are typically needed to tackle the multiple disciplines that ecosystem-level questions require, which demands a large infrastructure and budget. Temporal problems exist because ecosystem-level phenomena (e.g., tree mortality and forest regeneration) may involve time scales longer than the life of a single granting period or lifetime of a researcher. A strong academic base for ecosystem ecology is lacking because the pool of existing studies is too small to draw patterns and extrapolate trends. These obstacles have not often been overcome in Monteverde. No Monteverde institution has provided the infrastructure to support ecosystem research (e.g., laboratory facilities, meteorological station, technical library). Some community members have negative feelings about experimental manipulations and destructive sampling sometimes needed to answer ecosystem ecology questions. From the 1970s to the 1990s, Organization for Tropical Studies (OTS) courses were in Monteverde and in such well-studied tropical forests as La Selva, Barro Colorado Island (BCI), and the Luquillo National Forest (Lugo and Lowe 1995, McDade et al. 1994).
Conference papers on the topic "Multiple thin film stack"
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Tang, Jiu Y., Tomohisa Onishi, H. Kurusu, Yoichi Kawakami, Shizuo Fujita, and Shigeo Fujita. "Well-width dependence of Stark effect in ZnSe-ZnCdSe multiple quantum well modulators." In Thin Film Physics and Applications: Second International Conference, edited by Shixun Zhou, Yongling Wang, Yi-Xin Chen, and Shuzheng Mao. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.190765.
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De la Rama, Lito P., Dante G. Nuarin, and Marilin H. Nery. "Die Edge Thin Film Delamination on the Bottom Die of a Stacked Chip Scale Package (SCSP)." In ISTFA 2005. ASM International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2005p0037.
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Abstract The increasing demand for high end electronic devices incorporating multiple functions in a small form factor leads to the widespread use of Stacked Chip Scale Packaging (SCSP) in the semiconductor industry. Multiple die stacking in various combinations have been achieved. However, new failure mechanisms are being observed due to new package stress characteristics. This paper will present a unique failure mechanism observed on the bottom die of a multiple die stack package. A detailed discussion of the failure mechanism showing the interaction between the presence of a high die attach adhesive fillet and the die singulation damage initiating a thin film delamination from the die edge towards the active circuit area causing electrical failures will be presented.
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Shuting, Chen, Zhu Lei, Teo Han Wei, Liu Binghai, Huang Yanhua, Ong Kenny, Mo Zhiqiang, et al. "A Comprehensive Failure Analysis Method and Mechanism Study on Ultra-Low-K Film Adhesion Failure." In ISTFA 2012. ASM International, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2012p0203.
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Abstract The back-end-of-line (BEOL) structure of current IC devices fabricated for advanced technologies is composed of film stacks with multiple interfaces. The requirement of high interfacial strength is therefore necessary between the different layers in the BEOL stacks to ensure device reliability. To enhance the IC performance for new technologies, inter-level dielectric (ILD) made of SiO2 is replaced by low-k and ultra low-k (ULK) dielectrics, which possess a low dielectric constant but have poor mechanical strength. Therefore, the challenge in maintaining BEOL film stack integrity and reliability becomes even greater for advanced technologies. In this paper, we show failure analysis results on a case study of ULK adhesion failure during the IC manufacturing process. The symptoms of the BEOL failure are due to debris dropping on the wafer during chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) after Cu thin film deposition and failure of focusing at wafer extreme edge during the subsequent photolithography process. Extensive mechanical and chemical analyses were conducted on the ULK and adjacent thin films. It was revealed that the interface of ULK and Silicon Nitride from a suspected problematic machine showed abnormally low adhesion energy and high carbon composition. Troubleshooting on that suspected machine found a clog in the foreline. Based on the failure analysis and machine troubleshooting results, the failure mechanism of the case was discussed.
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Ueta, Nobuki, Shunsuke Sato, Masakazu Sato, Yoshio Nakao, Joshua Magnuson, and Rocky Ishizuka. "Flexible Circuit Board Package Embedded With Multi-Stack Dies." In 2020 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2020-9032.
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Abstract Miniaturization of electronics modules is always required for various medical applications including wearable technology, such as hearing aids, and implantable devices. Many types of high-density packaging technologies, such as package-on-package, bare-die stack, flex folded package and Through Si Via (TSV) technologies, have been proposed and used to fulfill the request. Among them, embedded die technology is one of the promising technologies to realize miniaturization and high-density packaging. We have developed WABE™ (wafer and board level device embedded) technology for embedding dies into multilayer flexible printed circuit (FPC) boards. The WABE package is comprised of thin dies (85 μm thickness), multi-layer polyimide, adhesive films and conductive paste. The dies are sandwiched by polyimide films with Cu circuits (FPCs). The conductive paste provides electrical connections between the layers as well as the layer and embedded die. First, each FPC layer is fabricated individually, and via holes are filled with conductive paste, and the dies are mounted on certain layers. Then, all layers undergo a one-step co-lamination process, and they are pressed to cure the adhesive material and conductive paste at the same time. This WABE technology has enabled multiple dies to be embedded by the one-step lamination process. Even if multiple dies are embedded, the footprint of a package can be reduced drastically by embedding multiple dies vertically in stacks. This paper describes the details of the results of fabricating a test vehicle with six embedded dies (three-dies in two stacks side-by-side). The fabricated test vehicle had 14 copper layers with less than 0.9 mm thickness. This paper also reports the results of various reliability testing on the package. These results were obtained by electrical measurements of daisy chain patterns formed between some of the layers. The fabricated test vehicle showed high reliability based on the results of a moisture and heat test and heat-shock test. These results show that the WABE technology to embed multiple dies vertically in polyimide film is one of the most promising packaging technologies to significantly miniaturize electronic circuits such as medical electronics.
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Yu, Kan, Juanjuan Yin, Jiaqi Bao, and Xiaoyang Liu. "Depolarization Thin-film Filter Stack Design Based on Equivalent Layers Theory." In Fiber-Based Technologies and Applications. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fbta.2014.jf2a.22.
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Yu, Shinn-Sheng, Burn J. Lin, Anthony Yen, and Chih-Ming Ke. "Systematic optimization of the thin-film stack by minimizing CD sensitivity." In SPIE 31st International Symposium on Advanced Lithography, edited by Donis G. Flagello. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.658323.
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Wasson, James R., Diana Convey, Pawitter J. S. Mangat, D. Frank Bazzarre, and Lubomir Parobek. "Thin film stress control of absorber stack materials for EUVL reticles." In Photomask 2001, edited by Giang T. Dao and Brian J. Grenon. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.458257.
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Li, Yen-Yin, Yin-Wen Lee, I.-Chou Wu, and Sheng-Lung Huang. "Spectroscopic Characterization of Si/Mo Thin-film Stack at Extreme Ultraviolet Range." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2017.af2b.6.
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Liu, T. W., H. H. Hsu, Z. M. Lin, C. D. Lin, T. Y. Huang, and H. C. Lin. "Multiple-gated Poly-Si Nanowire Thin-Film Transistors." In 2008 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2008.p-3-23.
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Potter, Brant, Dwight S. Walker, L. Greer, S. Scott Saavedra, and W. M. Reichert. "Multiple mode and multiple source coupling into polymer thin-film waveguides." In Microlithography '91, San Jose,CA, edited by Robert A. Lieberman and Marek T. Wlodarczyk. SPIE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.24795.
Full textReports on the topic "Multiple thin film stack"
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Groenbech-Jensen, N., A. R. Bishop, and D. Dominquez. Multiple routes for vortex depinning in amorphous thin film superconductors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/261101.
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Guha, S. Research on high-efficiency, multiple-gap, multijunction, amorphous-silicon-based alloy thin-film solar cells. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5563779.
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Windover, D., and S. L. Lee. Thin-Film Density Determination of Tantalum, Tantalum Oxides, and Xerogels by Multiple Radiation Energy Dispersive X-Ray Reflectivity. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada364133.
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