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Journal articles on the topic 'Multiplication factor'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

DEHWAH, AHMAD H., IDRIS A. AJIA, and JOHN S. MARSLAND. "EMPIRICAL FORMULAE FOR EXCESS NOISE FACTOR WITH DEAD SPACE FOR SINGLE CARRIER MULTIPLICATION." Fluctuation and Noise Letters 10, no. 03 (September 2011): 315–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219477511000600.

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In this letter, two empirical equations are presented for the calculation of the excess noise factor of an avalanche photodiode for single carrier multiplication including the dead space effect. The first is an equation for calculating the excess noise factor when the multiplication approaches infinity as a function of parameters that describe the degree of the dead space effect. The second equation can be used to find the minimum value of the excess noise factor for any multiplication when the dead space effect is completely dominant, the so called "deterministic" limit. This agrees with the theoretically known equation for multiplications less than or equal to two.

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2

Gao, Liang, Weilin Liu, Xiangfei Chen, and Jianping Yao. "Photonic-assisted microwave frequency multiplication with a tunable multiplication factor." Optics Letters 38, no. 21 (October 31, 2013): 4487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.38.004487.

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3

Endo, Tomohiro, Akio Yamamoto, and Yoshihiro Yamane. "Detected-neutron multiplication factor measured by neutron source multiplication method." Annals of Nuclear Energy 38, no. 11 (November 2011): 2417–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2011.01.007.

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4

Mil'cho, M. V., and B. P. Yefimov. "Electron Beam Modulation for Frequency Multiplication with a High Multiplication Factor." Telecommunications and Radio Engineering 55, no. 6-7 (2001): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/telecomradeng.v55.i6-7.130.

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5

Ooi, Tat Lung Wesley, Pei Ling Cheang, Ah Heng You, and Yee Kit Chan. "Mean multiplication gain and excess noise factor of GaN and Al0.45Ga0.55N avalanche photodiodes." European Physical Journal Applied Physics 92, no. 1 (October 2020): 10301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2020200067.

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In this work, Monte Carlo model is developed to investigate the avalanche characteristics of GaN and Al0.45Ga0.55N avalanche photodiodes (APDs) using random ionization path lengths incorporating dead space effect. The simulation includes the impact ionization coefficients, multiplication gain and excess noise factor for electron- and hole-initiated multiplication with a range of thin multiplication widths. The impact ionization coefficient for GaN is higher than that of Al0.45Ga0.55N. For GaN, electron dominates the impact ionization at high electric field while hole dominate at low electric field whereas Al0.45Ga0.55N has hole dominate the impact ionization at higher field while electron dominate the lower field. In GaN APDs, electron-initiated multiplication is leading the multiplication gain at thinner multiplication widths while hole-initiated multiplication leads for longer widths. However for Al0.45Ga0.55N APDs, hole-initiated multiplication leads the multiplication gain for all multiplication widths simulated. The excess noise of electron-initiated multiplication in GaN APDs increases as multiplication widths increases while the excess noise decreases as the multiplication widths increases for hole-initiated multiplication. As for Al0.45Ga0.55N APDs, the excess noise for hole-initiated multiplication increases when multiplication width increases while the electron-initiated multiplication increases with the same gradient at all multiplication widths.

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6

Niikura, Setsuo, and Masayuki Nagami. "Enhancement of fusion power multiplication factor." Fusion Engineering and Design 6 (January 1988): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-3796(88)80097-8.

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7

Samedov, Victor V. "Charge Multiplication Factor in STJ Detectors." Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism 28, no. 2 (September 19, 2014): 705–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10948-014-2781-z.

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8

Landeyro, Pedro A., and Tadeusz Zoltowski. "Some Findings in Neutron Multiplication Factor Monitoring." Nuclear Science and Engineering 104, no. 2 (February 1990): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/nse90-a23714.

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9

Sanchez, Richard. "Some bounds for the effective multiplication factor." Annals of Nuclear Energy 31, no. 11 (July 2004): 1207–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2004.03.007.

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10

Kuboyama, S., N. Ikeda, T. Hirao, and S. Matsuda. "Enhanced avalanche multiplication factor and single-event burnout." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 50, no. 6 (December 2003): 2233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.2003.820730.

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11

HASHIMOTO, KOJI. "Multiplication and differentiation of epidermal cell. (2) Multiplication of epidermal cell and cell growth factor." Nishi Nihon Hifuka 58, no. 2 (1996): 284–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2336/nishinihonhifu.58.284.

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12

Ravichandran, Veerasamy, and Eugene O. Major. "DNA-binding transcription factor NF-1A negatively regulates JC virus multiplication." Journal of General Virology 89, no. 6 (June 1, 2008): 1396–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.2008/000059-0.

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JC virus (JCV) DNA replication occurs in the nuclei of infected cells. The level of JCV genome expression depends on nucleotide sequences in the viral regulatory region and their interaction with host-cell nuclear transcription factors. Our previous studies showed a higher level of NF-1X in JCV-permissive cells compared with the other members of the NF-1 family, NF-1A, B and C, which suggests that NF-1X plays a positive role in JCV multiplication. It remained unclear whether a reduction in the level of NF-1A, which is expressed abundantly in JCV-non-permissive cell types, leads to an increase in JCV multiplication. In this study, we show that downregulation of NF-1A expression in JCV-non-susceptible progenitor and HeLa cells results in a reversion to susceptibility for JCV multiplication. These data demonstrate that a higher level of NF-1A protein in JCV-non-permissive cell types, compared with the level of NF-1X, may be acting as a negative regulator at the JCV promoter to control JCV multiplication.

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13

Loh, W. S., C. Mark Johnson, J. S. Ng, Peter M. Sandvik, Steve Arthur, Stanislav I. Soloviev, and J. P. R. David. "Determination of Impact Ionization Coefficients Measured from 4H Silicon Carbide Avalanche Photodiodes." Materials Science Forum 556-557 (September 2007): 339–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.556-557.339.

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Hole initiated avalanche multiplication characteristics of 4H-SiC avalanche photodiodes have been studied. The diodes had n+-n-p SiC epitaxial layers grown on a p-type substrate. These 1 mm2 devices had very low dark currents and exhibited sharp breakdown at voltages of approximately 500V. The diodes multiplication characteristics appeared to be identical when the wavelength of the illuminating light from the top varied from 288 to 325nm, implying that almost pure hole initiated multiplication was occurring. The multiplication factor data were modelled using a local multiplication model with impact ionization coefficients of 4H-SiC reported by various authors. The impact ionization coefficients extracted from submicron devices by Ng et al. were found to give accurate predictions for multiplication factors within the uncertainties of the doping levels. This result suggests that their ionization coefficients can be applied to thicker bulk 4H-SiC structures.

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14

Tiberghien, Kerensa, Muhammet I. Sahan, Bert De Smedt, Wim Fias, and Ian M. Lyons. "Disentangling Neural Sources of Problem Size and Interference Effects in Multiplication." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 31, no. 3 (March 2019): 453–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01359.

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Multiplication is thought to be primarily solved via direct retrieval from memory. Two of the main factors known to influence the retrieval of multiplication facts are problem size and interference. Because these factors are often intertwined, we sought to investigate the unique influences of problem size and interference on both performance and neural responses during multiplication fact retrieval in healthy adults. Behavioral results showed that both problem size and interference explained separate unique portions of RT variance, but with significantly stronger contribution from problem size, which contrasts with previous work in children. Whole-brain fMRI results relying on a paradigm that isolated multiplication fact retrieval from response selection showed highly overlapping brain areas parametrically modulated by both problem size and interference in a large network of frontal, parietal, and subcortical brain areas. Subsequent analysis within these regions revealed problem size to be the stronger and more consistent “unique” modulating factor in overlapping regions as well as those that appeared to respond only to problem size or interference at the whole-brain level, thus underscoring the need to look beyond anatomical overlap using arbitrary thresholds. Additional unique contributions of interference (beyond problem size) were identified in right angular gyrus and subcortical regions associated with procedural processing. Together, our results suggest that problem size, relative to interference, tends to be the more dominant factor in driving behavioral and neural responses during multiplication fact retrieval in adults. Nevertheless, unique contributions of both factors demonstrate the importance of considering the overlapping and unique contributions of each in explaining the cognitive and neural bases of mental multiplication.

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15

Chen, Yang, Wangzhe Li, Aijun Wen, and Jianping Yao. "Frequency-Multiplying Optoelectronic Oscillator With a Tunable Multiplication Factor." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 61, no. 9 (September 2013): 3479–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2013.2273756.

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16

Mahjour-Shafiei, Masoud, and Maryam Mohamadzadeh Afhami. "A Simulation Study of Multiplication Factor in Cylindrical Diode." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 42, no. 9 (September 2014): 2273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2014.2341643.

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17

Izawa, Kazuhiko, Yuriko Uchida, Kiyoshi Ohkubo, Masayoshi Totsuka, Hiroki Sono, and Kotaro Tonoike. "Infinite multiplication factor of low-enriched UO2–concrete system." Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 49, no. 11 (November 2012): 1043–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2012.730893.

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18

Almeida, D. P., and I. M. Soares. "Multiplication factor in multiwire proportional chambers: a Bethe formulation." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 345, no. 3 (July 1994): 453–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(94)90498-7.

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19

Park, Wug Dong, and Kenkichi Tanioka. "Hot Carrier Energy and Energy Relaxation Length in a-Se Photoconductive Target." Advanced Materials Research 787 (September 2013): 333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.787.333.

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The a-Se HARP (High-gain Avalanche Rushing amorphous Photoconductor) target was prepared, and the avalanche characteristics were investigated. In this paper, to study avalanche multiplication at a high electric field, the lucky-drift model was used. In addition, the energy-and field-dependent energy relaxation length was considered. The avalanche multiplication factor was obtained from the current-voltage characteristic of the a-Se HARP target. The threshold field of the 0.4-μm-thick a-Se HARP target was 0.88×108V/m. The hot carrier energy at the threshold field for the avalanche multiplication in the 0.4-μm-thick a-Se HARP target was 0.21 eV. The hot carrier energy in the a-Se layer increases linearly as the electric field increases. The hot carrier energy also saturates as the avalanche multiplication factor increases. In addition, the energy relaxation length between the inelastic scattering events in the a-Se layer saturates as the hot carrier energy and the avalanche multiplication factor increase.

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20

Hayashi, Takuto, Fuga Nishioka, Tomohiro Endo, and Akio Yamamoto. "ESTIMATED CRITICALITY LOWER-LIMIT MULTIPLICATION FACTOR OF LOW-ENRICHED URANIUM DIOXIDE-CONCRETE SYSTEM USING THE BOOTSTRAP METHOD." EPJ Web of Conferences 247 (2021): 17001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124717001.

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The present paper aims to evaluate the estimated criticality lower-limit multiplication factor of fuel debris in a form of uranium dioxide-concrete mixture for a study of criticality control on the fuel debris generated through the molten core concrete interaction in a severe accident of a light water reactor. The estimated criticality lower-limit multiplication factor is evaluated using the bootstrap method where the assumption of the normal distribution is not necessary. In addition, it is calculated taking into account correlation coefficients that represent the degrees of neutronic similarity between the target system and benchmark critical experiment systems, experimental uncertainties of benchmark data, and statistical uncertainties of calculated effective multiplication factor by a continuous energy Monte Carlo code. This paper shows that the estimated criticality lower-limit multiplication factor using the bootstrap method can be comparable with a baseline upper-subcritical-limit which is evaluated by Whisper-1.1 without margins of subcriticality for uncertainties from nuclear covariance data and undetected errors in software.

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Ambarawati, Mika. "ANALISIS KESULITAN SISWA DALAM MEMPELAJARI FAKTOR PERKALIAN, KOEFISIEN, KONSTANTA, SUKU, DAN SUKU SEJENIS." PRISMATIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Riset Matematika 1, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33503/prismatika.v1i2.426.

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The purpose of this study is to describe students' learning difficulties in studying variables, constants, coefficients, the factors, types of parts, similar tribes, and the tribes do not like. This research is a descriptive study with qualitative approach. This research is a descriptive study with qualitative approach. The subject of this study consisted of three students of class VII A SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Kartasura. The instrument used was a booklet multiplication factor, coefficients, constants, parts, and similar parts and pieces of interviews. Data were analyzed using the concept of Miles and Huberman. The results showed: (1) students have difficulties in understanding the concepts and definitions of the types of parts, multiplication factors, the tribes of similar or not similar tribes, tribal, constants, variables, and the coefficient of the algebra. (2) students have difficulty in classifying the algebra by type tribe. (3) students have difficulty in distinguishing factor of the algebra and multiplication factor numbers. (4) students have difficulty in differentiating the tribes of similar or not similar and why. (5) students' difficulties in classifying the tribe, constants, variables, and the coefficient of the algebra.

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22

Bhowmik, Subrata Nath, Gulab Singh Yadav, and Mrinmay Datta. "Rapid mass multiplication of Glomus mosseae inoculum as influenced by some biotic and abiotic factors." Bangladesh Journal of Botany 44, no. 2 (October 13, 2018): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v44i2.38509.

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Rhodes grasses (Chloris gayana Kunth) inoculated with Glomus mosseae were grown under the influence of Azospirillum (biotic factor), IAA (abiotic factor) and Hoagland’s solution (abiotic factor). The effectiveness of each factor was evaluated by measuring mycorrhizal root colonization and spore numbers. The pot culture experiment was carried out under polyhouse condition and observations were recorded at 45, 90 and 120 days of plant growth. The harvest date finely influenced the size of mycorrhizal inoculum. But, all biotic and abiotic factors had a greater influence on root colonization and spore multiplication than harvest time. The agents on application in conjunction favourably enhanced root infection and spore multiplication as compared to their solo treatments, with Azospirillum + Hoagland’s solution application posing to be the best. This not only stimulated mycorrhizal development, but also accelerated the root growth.

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23

Edchik, I. A., T. N. Korbut, A. V. Kuzmin, S. E. Mazanik, V. P. Togushov, and M. O. Kravchenko. "Experimental methods for determining the effective neutron multiplication factor of the “Yalina-Thermal” subcritical assembly." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Physical-Technical Series 65, no. 2 (July 7, 2020): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8358-2020-65-2-235-242.

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To study the kinetics of subcritical systems and determine the optimal conditions for the transmutation of longlived radioactive waste in the neutron spectrum of ADS-systems the “Yalina” research nuclear facility was created at Joint Institute for Power and Nuclear Research – Sosny (Minsk, Belarus). The main safety indicator of a subcritical system (active zone reactivity) was measured for a “Yalina-Thermal” assembly via three independent methods: inverse multiplication, probabilistic and impulse ones. For the inverse multiplication method, the neutron flux density was monitored during assembly loading. For a fuel load of 285 EK-10 rods the neutron multiplication was M = 22.3±0.6, and the effective neutron multiplication coefficient was keff = 0.9551± 0.0016. The probabilistic method (Feynman-alpha method), based on measuring fluctuations in the neutron density level within a system with a fission chain reaction, gave the ratio of the variance to the average counting rate value D/n = 1.779±0.005, which corresponds to keff = 0.9597 ±0.0003. The pulse method is aimed at studying the neutron flux behavior of after the neutron pulse injection into the breeding system. Measurements were held with the same setup, used in the Feynman-alpha method. The measured decay constant of instantaneous neutrons is α = –670±0.7 1/s, which corresponds to keff = 0.9560±0.0001. The effective multiplication factor keff of the subcritical assembly “Yalina-Thermal”, obtained via three different independent methods, is around average value of keff = 0.9569 ± 0.0018. The methods considered can be used for subcritical level monitoring for ADS-systems and research nuclear facilities.

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24

Tent, Margaret W. "Understanding the Properties of Arithmetic: A Prerequisite for Success in Algebra." Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 12, no. 1 (August 2006): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mtms.12.1.0022.

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As early as fourth grade, we begin introducing students to the properties of arithmetic. The commutative property of addition and the commutative property of multiplication allow us to change the order of the numbers without changing the value of the expression. The associative property of addition and the associative property of multiplication state that regrouping numbers when adding and/or multiplying does not change the solution. The distributive property of multiplication over addition allows us either to find the addend of the numbers, then multiply by the factor, or to first multiply the factor by each addend, then find the sum. Finally, the identity properties of addition and multiplication state that the value of any real number remains unchanged if zero is added to it or if it is multiplied by one, respectively.

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25

Kagawa, Toshiaki, Yuichi Kawamura, and Hidetoshi Iwamura. "Saturation of multiplication factor in InGaAsP/InAlAs superlattice avalanche photodiodes." Applied Physics Letters 62, no. 10 (March 8, 1993): 1122–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.108762.

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26

DÜZ, MEHTAP. "CALCULATION OF EFFECTIVE NEUTRON MULTIPLICATION FACTOR FOR SOME MINOR ACTINIDES." Euroasia Journal of Mathematics, Engineering, Natural and Medical Sciences 7, no. 10 (January 1, 2020): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.38065/euroasiaorg.210.

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27

Al-Absi, Munir A. "A New CMOS Controllable Impedance Multiplier with Large Multiplication Factor." Active and Passive Electronic Components 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4274791.

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This paper presents a new compact controllable impedance multiplier using CMOS technology. The design is based on the use of the translinear principle using MOSFETs in subthreshold region. The value of the impedance will be controlled using the bias currents only. The impedance can be scaled up and down as required. The functionality of the proposed design was confirmed by simulation using BSIM3V3 MOS model in Tanner Tspice 0.18 μm TSMC CMOS process technology. Simulation results indicate that the proposed design is functioning properly with a tunable multiplication factor from 0.1- to 100-fold. Applications of the proposed multiplier in the design of low pass and high pass filters are also included.

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28

Shahbunder, Hesham, Cheol Ho Pyeon, Tsuyoshi Misawa, Jae-Yong Lim, and Seiji Shiroya. "Subcritical multiplication factor and source efficiency in accelerator-driven system." Annals of Nuclear Energy 37, no. 9 (September 2010): 1214–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2010.04.010.

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29

Kholodnov, V. A., I. D. Burlakov, and A. K. Ilyasov. "Miller’s Relation for the Multiplication Factor of Photocarriers in Classical Avalanche Heterophotodiodes with Separated Absorption and Multiplication Regions." Journal of Communications Technology and Electronics 66, no. 3 (March 2021): 362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1064226921030104.

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30

EMMART, NIALL, and CHARLES C. WEEMS. "HIGH PRECISION INTEGER MULTIPLICATION WITH A GPU USING STRASSEN'S ALGORITHM WITH MULTIPLE FFT SIZES." Parallel Processing Letters 21, no. 03 (September 2011): 359–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129626411000266.

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We have improved our prior implementation of Strassens algorithm for high performance multiplication of very large integers on a general purpose graphics processor (GPU). A combination of algorithmic and implementation optimizations result in a factor of up to 13.9 speed improvement over our previous work, running on an NVIDIA 295. We have also reoptimized the implementation for an NVIDIA 480, from which we obtain a factor of up to 19 speedup in comparison with a Core i7 processor core of the same technology generation. To provide a fairer chip to chip comparison, we also determined total GPU throughput on a set of multiplications relative to all of the cores on a multicore chip running in parallel. We find that the GTX 480 provides a factor of six higher throughput than all four cores/eight threads of the Core i7. This paper discusses how we adapted the algorithm to operate within the limitations of the GPU and how we dealt with other issues encountered in the implementation process, including details of the memory layout of our FFTs. Compared with our earlier work, which used Karatsuba's algorithm to guide multiplication of different operand sizes built on top of Strassen's algorithm being applied to fixed-size segments of the operands, we are now able to apply Strassen's algorithm directly to operands ranging in size from 255K bits to 16,320K bits.

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Farhat, Nazma, Humaira Naushaba, Md Shahjahan Chowdhury, and Mallika Karmakar. "Photographic Estimation of Intercanthal Width of Bangladeshi Women." Delta Medical College Journal 3, no. 2 (August 4, 2015): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v3i2.24427.

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Background: Estimation of intercanthal width and biocular breadth from digital photography is important in the evaluation of several systemic syndromes, craniofacial abnormalities and in surgical treatments of post-traumatic telecanthus. Dysmorphologists employ canthal measurements in evaluating the degree of hypertelorism. So intercanthal width and biocular breadth values are very important for clinicians, ophthalmologists, plastic and reconstructive surgeons. The reliability of estimation of intercanthal width from biocular breadth by using multiplication factor is high.Objective: To make an attempt to determine the multiplication factor for estimation of intercanthal width.Materials and method: This is a cross sectional study conducted in the Anatomy department of Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2010 to June 2011. One hundred Bangladeshi 25 to 45 years old women were selected purposively for the study.Results: The mean±SD intercanthal width was 3.456±0.3585 cm. Multiplication factor for measuring intercanthal width from biocular breadth (9.348±0.7174 cm) was 0.369±0.0232 cm. The mean±SD of estimated intercanthal width was 3.449±0.2647 cm. No significant difference was found between the measured and estimated intercanthal width.Conclusion: Multiplication factor can be used to determine intercanthal width in Bangladeshi women though agreement test would have been done to generalize the finding.Delta Med Col J. Jul 2015; 3(2): 78-82

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Kadagoudar, Shivanand, and Chandrashekhar Bhuyyar. "Estimation of Stature by Multiplication Factor using Head Length in South Indian Population: A Cross Sectional Study." Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 11, no. 2 (2018): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijfmp.0974.3383.11218.14.

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Orlova, N. D., and D. A. Egorova. "Research of carbohydrate type influence on Lonicera caerulea l. Morphogenetic potential in vitro." Pomiculture and small fruits culture in Russia 61 (August 3, 2020): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31676/2073-4948-2020-61-54-60.

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The clonal micropropagation technique of valuable Lonicera caerulea L. varieties (Indigo Gem, Moskovskaya 23, Diana, Jugana) has been improved. The effect of various types and concentrations of carbohydrates on microshoots regeneration of the genus Lonicera L. representatives was studied. It is shown that the concentration of carbohydrates has the greatest effect on microshoots height and the type of carbohydrate nutrition has the greatest effect on multiplication factor. The type of carbohydrate nutrition (42 %) had the greatest influence on multiplication factor. Peculiarities of varieties, genetic characteristics interaction, carbohydrate nutrition type and concentration had a lesser effect (20 %, 14 % and 11 % respectively). The variety Moskovskaya 23 was characterized by the highest microshoots number (49.6 mm). The highest multiplication factor in the studied varieties, regardless of the type of carbohydrate nutrition, was observed at concentration of 40 g/l (11.57).

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Chen, Yan-Haw, and Chien-Hsing Huang. "EFFICIENT OPERATIONS IN LARGE FINITE FIELDS FOR ELLIPTIC CURVE CRYPTOGRAPHIC." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 7, no. 6 (July 3, 2020): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v7.i6.2020.712.

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An efficient method to compute the finite field multiplication for Elliptic Curve point multiplication at high speed encryption of the message is presented. The methods of the operations are based on dynamic lookup table and modified Horner rule method. The modified Horner rule method is not only to finite field operations but also to Elliptic curve scalar multiplication in the encryption and decryption. By comparison with using Russian Peasant method and in the new proposed method, one of the advantages of utilizing the proposed algorithm is that in the Elliptic Curve point addition are reduced by a factor of three in GF (2163). Therefore, using the Algorithm 1 running on Intel CPU, computation cost of the multiplication method is above 70% faster than using standard multiplication by Russian Peasant method. Ultimately, the proposed Algorithm 1 for evaluating multiplication can be made regular, simple and suitable for software implementations.

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35

Deny, Deny, Machasin Machasin, and Jahrizal Jahrizal. "Analisis SWOT Terhadap Layanan Kardiovaskular Eka Hospital Pekanbaru." Bahtera Inovasi 3, no. 2 (May 22, 2021): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31629/bi.v3i2.3333.

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This study aimed to determine strategy for business unit based on quantitative SWOT analysis. This study was conducted in Eka Hospital Pekanbaru with the subject of research was Cardiovascular Services of Eka Hospital Pekanbaru. This study uses a qualitative analysis with internal data (primary data) and external data (secondary data). Sample of this study are individuals in hospital management. Determination of strategic factors in internal and external factors, ranking and weighting of each factor in the IFAS table and in the EFAS table was done through a Group Group Discussion (FGD). X value is obtained from the difference of total multiplication rating and weight of all factors in strength factors minus total multiplication rating and weight of all factors in the weakness factors. X value is 0.69 (possitive). Y value is obtained from the difference of total multiplication rating and weight of all factors in the ofactors minus total multiplication rating and weight of all factors in the weakness factors. Y value is 0.30, also possitive. Projection of X and Y in the SWOT quadrant are in the first quadrant. It means that progressive strategy (growth oriented strategy) is the recommended strategy because Eka Hospital Pekanbaru has strengths and good opportunities. Functional strategies are formulated based on progressive strategy as the recommendations strategy for business unit.

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Qaqish, Samih. "Multiplication bending moment factor for AASHTO live Loads adopted in Jordan." MOJ Civil Engineering 4, no. 2 (2017): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojce.2018.04.00105.

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Inoue, Nobuyuki, and Yuichi Ogawa. "Inductively Operated Day-Long Tokamak Reactor with High Power Multiplication Factor." Kakuyūgō kenkyū 67, no. 4 (1992): 344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1585/jspf1958.67.344.

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Dhurve, Alka S., and Sharad A. Dhurve. "Derivation of Multiplication Factor for Stature Estimation from Tibia in Living." Medico-Legal Update 13, no. 2 (2013): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/j.0974-1283.13.2.032.

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Gandini, A. "On the multiplication factor and reactivity definitions for subcritical reactor systems." Annals of Nuclear Energy 29, no. 6 (April 2002): 645–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4549(01)00073-1.

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Al-Absi, Munir Ahmad, and Abdulaziz Ahmed Al-Khulaifi. "A New Floating and Tunable Capacitance Multiplier With Large Multiplication Factor." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 120076–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2936800.

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Shadrin, V. D., V. T. Coon, and I. K. Blokhin. "Self‐stabilization of the multiplication factor in blocked impurity band photodetectors." Applied Physics Letters 63, no. 1 (July 5, 1993): 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.109701.

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Kang, Hyeong‐Ju, Byung‐Do Yang, and Jong‐Yeol Lee. "Low complexity twiddle factor multiplication with ROM partitioning in FFT processor." Electronics Letters 49, no. 9 (April 2013): 589–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2013.0689.

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Haran Pragalath, D. C., Bhosale Avadhoot, Davis P. Robin, and Sarkar Pradip. "Multiplication factor for open ground storey buildings–a reliability based evaluation." Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 15, no. 2 (June 2016): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11803-016-0322-4.

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Nguyen, Huu Tiep, Viet Phu Tran, Tuan Khai Nguyen, Vinh Thanh Tran, and Minh Tuan Nguyen. "Representative neutronic characteristics calculations for the VVER-1000 reactors using SRAC and MCNP5." Nuclear Science and Technology 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.53747/jnst.v6i2.143.

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This paper presents the results of neutronic calculations using the deterministic and Monte-Carlo methods (the SRAC and MCNP5codes) for the VVER MOX Core Computational Benchmark Specification and the VVER-1000/V392 reactor core. The power distribution and keff value have been calculated for a benchmark problem of VVER core. The results show a good agreement between the SRAC and MCNP5 calculations. Then, neutronic characteristics of VVER-1000/V392 such as power distribution, infinite multiplication factor (k-inf) of the fuel assemblies, effective multiplication factor keff, peaking factor and Doppler coefficient were calculated using the two codes.

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Zhou, Ying Ying, and Yu Ming Shen. "Phase Locked Loop Pulse Signal Frequency Multiplication Circuit Design Based on FPGA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 241-244 (December 2012): 661–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.241-244.661.

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Phase locked loop pulse interpolation technique requires for the input pulse signal frequency multiplication processing. With FPGA as the core, by detecting the edge of the input pulse signal the separate frequency factor was generated, then frequency division of the system clock was realized according to the separate frequency factor, thus phase locked loop frequency multiplication processing of the input pulse signal was completed. The simulation results show that this method has the advantages of high precision and short frequency response time, etc.

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Ravichandran, Veerasamy, Peter N. Jensen, and Eugene O. Major. "MEK1/2 Inhibitors Block Basal and Transforming Growth Factor β1-Stimulated JC Virus Multiplication." Journal of Virology 81, no. 12 (April 4, 2007): 6412–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02658-06.

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ABSTRACT The multiplication of the human neurotropic polyomavirus JC virus (JCV) is regulated by cell membrane receptors and nuclear transcription factors. Signaling pathways also play a role in determining the extent to which JCV can productively infect cells. These data show that constitutively active MEK1 protein (CA-MEK1), overexpressed in cultures of human glia, supports a substantial increase in late JCV protein (Vp-1) synthesis. The specificity of this pathway was indicated by no significant enhancement of JCV multiplication through activation of other components of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways such as p38, Jun N-terminal protein kinase, and protein kinase A. Further evidence supporting the importance of signaling in JCV infection came from addition of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), which stimulated a 200% increase of Vp-1 expression. Specific MEK1/2 inhibitors, flavenoid PD98059 and U0126, decreased the basal and TGF-β1-stimulated Vp-1 expression by 95% or more. TGF-β1 is known to phosphorylate/activate Smad DNA binding proteins that could subsequently bind or increase binding to JCV promoter sequences, linking the effects of signaling with JCV transcriptional regulation. The effectiveness with which MEK1/2 inhibitors block JCV multiplication provides insight that may contribute to development of compounds directed against JCV.

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Grabezhnoy, Vladimir A., Viktor A. Dulin, Vitaliy V. Dulin, and Gennady M. Mikhailov. "On the determination of neutron multiplication by the Rossi-alpha method." Nuclear Energy and Technology 7, no. 3 (September 23, 2021): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nucet.7.74156.

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Introduction. This work contains the results of determining the prompt neutron multiplication factor in the subcritical state of a one-core BFS facility, obtained by the neutron coincidence method, for which the influence of the error in the βeff in determining the multiplication factor turned out to be insignificant. The core of the facility consisted of rods filled with pellets of metallic depleted uranium, 37% enriched uranium dioxide and 95% enriched plutonium, sodium, stainless steel and Al2O3. Stainless steel served as a reflector. Methods. In contrast to the inverse kinetics equation solving (IKES) method, which is convenient for determining reactor subcritical states, the neutron coincidence method practically does not depend on the error in the value of the effective fraction of delayed neutrons βeff. If in the IKES method the reactivity value is obtained in fractions of βeff, i.e., from the measurement of delayed neutrons, the neutron coincidence method is based on the direct measurement of the value (1 – kσp)2, where is the effective multiplication factor by prompt neutrons. The total multiplication factor is defined as keff = kσp + βeff. If, for example, keff ≈ 0.9 (which is typical for determining the fuel burnup campaign), then it is the error in determining kσp that is the main one in comparison with the error in βeff. Thus, a 10% error in βeff of 0.003–0.004 (typical for plutonium breeders) will make a contribution to the error 1 – keff equal to 1 – kσp + βeff ≈ 0.00035, i.e., approximately 0.35%, but not 10%, as in the IKES method. Rossi-alpha measurements were carried out using two 3He counters and a time analyzer. The measurement channel width Δt was 1.0 μs. From these measurements, the value of the prompt neutron multiplication factor was obtained. In this case, the space-isotope correlation factor for the medium with a source was calculated using the following values: Φ(x) – solutions of the inhomogeneous equation for the neutron flux and Φ+(x) – solutions of the ajoint inhomogeneous equation. Results. The authors also present a comparison of the results of the Rossi-alpha experiment and measurements of the BFS-73 subcritical facility by the standard IKES method in determining the multiplication factor value. The data of the IKES method differ insignificantly from the results of the Rossi-alpha method over the entire range of changes in the subcriticality with an increase in the subcriticality of the BFS-73 one-core facility. Conclusion. It was impossible to apply the neutron coincidence method to fast reactors; however, the method turned out to be quite workable on their models created at the BFS facility, which was successfully demonstrated in this study.

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Novikasari, Ifada, and Yüksel Dede. "TURKISH PRE-SERVICE MATHEMATICS TEACHERS’ BELIEFS IN MULTIPLICATION." Journal on Mathematics Education 12, no. 3 (September 17, 2021): 469–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22342/jme.12.3.14440.469-486.

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Mathematics teachers’ beliefs play an important role in the mathematics teaching practices. However, the instruments used to measure the mathematics on certain contents are still limited. Thus, this study was conducted to develop a Multiplication Beliefs Questionnaire (MBQ) to identify and examine the profile of Turkish pre-service mathematics teachers’ beliefs. The samples of this study consisted of 414 four-year pre-service primary mathematics teachers from 18 different universities in Turkey collected using a convenience sampling technique. The validity of the questionnaire was analyzed using an exploratory factor analysis (EFA). We obtained four components of beliefs in multiplication covering, remote belief in multiplication (C1), multiplication operation belief in mathematics textbooks (C2), dynamic belief in multiplication learning (C3), and self-efficacy belief in multiplication problems (C4). The results showed that the pre-service mathematics teachers’ beliefs in components C1, C3, and C4 were positive, while component C2 was neutral. This study had an essential contribution to the mathematics literature since developing a questionnaire on multiplication distributed to the pre-service teachers. The previous studies showed that belief was subjective yet objectively influenced knowledge. Thus, identifying the pre-service teachers’ beliefs in teacher education may provide various benefits in reforming mathematics teaching.

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Saputri, Mulia, Marai Rahmawati, and Elly Kesumawati. "Pertumbuhan Tunas Pisang Barangan (Musa Acuminata Colla.) akibat Pemberian Benzyl Amino Purin dan Arang Aktif secara In Vitro." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 4, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v4i1.10242.

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Pertumbuhan Tunas Pisang Barangan Akibat Pemberian Benzyl AminoPurin dan Arang Aktif secara In Vitro Accretion of Barangan Banana Shoot Effect of (BAP) and Activated Charcoal Explant by In VitroAbstrak. Banana as a superior product of horticultural crops, has not achieved high productivity and has several obstacles in its multiplication. Tissue culture is one solution to overcome this problem. This study aims to determine the composition of PGRBenzil Amino Purine (BAP) and activated charcoal that are appropriate in the multiplication of barangan banana shoots. This research was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam Banda Aceh. The design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two treatment factors. The first factor is BAP concentration consisting of 3 levels, namely 4 mg/L, 6 mg /L, and 8 mg/L. The second factor is activated charcoal concentration consisting of 3 levels, namely control, 1 g/L and 2 g/L. In this study, from 9 treatment combinations, only 4 treatment combinations were not contaminated. Of the 4 treatment combinations the combination of BAP concentration of 6 mg/L and control (without activated charcoal) showed the fastest shoot growth time of 29 days after multiplication, the most shoot growth was 6 shoots and the average shoot height was 15.9 mm

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Lods, Bertrand. "Variational characterizations of the effective multiplication factor of a nuclear reactor core." Kinetic & Related Models 2, no. 2 (2009): 307–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/krm.2009.2.307.

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