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Journal articles on the topic "Multiresistance. eng"
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Agouridas, C., A. Bonnefoy, and J. F. Chantot. "Antibacterial activity of RU 64004 (HMR 3004), a novel ketolide derivative active against respiratory pathogens." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 41, no. 10 (October 1997): 2149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.41.10.2149.
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The antibacterial activity of RU 64004, a new ketolide, was evaluated against more than 600 bacterial strains and was compared with those of various macrolides and pristinamycin. RU 64004 had good activity against multiresistant pneumococci, whether they were erythromycin A resistant or not, including penicillin-resistant strains. RU 64004 inhibited 90% of pneumococci resistant to erythromycin A and penicillin G at 0.6 and 0.15 microg/ml, respectively. Unlike macrolides, RU 64004 did not induce the phenotype of resistance to macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramin B. Its good antibacterial activity against multiresistant pneumococci ran in parallel with its well-balanced activity against all bacteria involved in respiratory infections (e.g., Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Streptococcus pyogenes). In contrast to all comparators (14- and 16-membered-ring macrolides and pristinamycin), RU 64004 displayed high therapeutic activity in animals infected with all major strains, irrespective of the phenotypes of the strains. The results suggest that RU 64004 has potential for use in the treatment of infections caused by respiratory pathogens including multiresistant pneumococci.
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Cattaneo, Chiara, Salvatore Casari, Erika Borlenghi, Maria Adele Capucci, Moira Micheletti, Alessandro Re, Giampiero Carosi, and Giuseppe Rossi. "A 3-Year Prospective Surveillance Study of Microbiological Isolates among Hematologic Inpatients Shows a High Frequency of Both Community-Acquired and Nosocomial Methicillin-Resistant (MR) and Fluoroquinolone-Resistant (FqR) Strains and the Recent Increase of Enterococci, Viridans Streptococci and Pseudomonaceae with Frequent Antibiotic Multiresistance." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 2286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.2286.2286.
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Abstract Background. Epidemiological surveillance allows to detect emerging pathogens and antibiotic resistant strains and can provide guideline for an appropriate antibiotic policy. To this end we prospectively analysed all febrile/infectious episodes occurring at our Hematologic Unit during two consecutive 18-month periods from April 2004 to March 2007. Patients and Methods. Microbiological documented infections (MDI) were considered and correlated with the following variables: diagnosis of acute leukaemia, status of disease, neutropenia (<0.5 × 10^9/L), prophylaxis with levofloxacin, presence of central venous catheter (CVC). An infection was defined nosocomial when recorded after 48h from admission. Results. Of 773 febrile/infectious episodes during the surveillance period 310 were MDI were and 372 pathogens were isolated. Gram-negative (G−) bacteria represented 49.2% of all pathogens (183/372) and Gram-positive (G+) 41.1% (153/372), fungal pathogens 8.9% (33/372); the proportions remained stable over the two periods. Among G+, Stafilococci (50.3%) and Enterococci (25.5%) were the most frequent bacteria. Stafilococci, particularly S. aureus, were more frequent during the first period (49/76 vs 28/77, p=0.0007 and 27/76 vs 7/77, p<0.0001 respectively), in non neutropenic patients (41/119 vs 36/191, p=0.0028) with uncontrolled disease (60/202 vs 17/108, p=0.0085). Enterococci were more frequent during the second period (14/76 vs 25/77, p=0.06) and in patients with uncontrolled disease (8/108 vs 31/202, p=0.049). Viridans Streptococci occurred almost exclusively during the second period (2.6% vs 14.3%, p=0.017). E. coli (48.6%) and Pseudomonaceae (27.3%) were the most frequent bacteria among G−. E. coli occurred homogenously during the two periods of observation and was associated with neutropenia (64/191 vs 25/119, p=0.02), prophylaxis (57/150 vs 20/93, p=0.007) and presence of CVC (75/237 vs 14/73, p=0.04). Pseudomonaceae increased during the second period (33/97 vs 17/86, p=0.032). MR frequency (68%) was constant during the two periods and was associated with controlled disease (p=0.009) and prophylaxis (p=0.0067). FqR frequency, evaluated for Enterobatteriaceae and Pseudomonas spp (n=123), was 69.3%; it was constant and associated only with levofloxacin prophylaxis (p<0.0001). Vancomicin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) increased during the second period from 21.4% to 32%. Four multiresistant Pseudomonas were observed, all during the last 12 months of observation. Multiresistant strains occurred exclusively as nosocomial infections, whereas there was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of FqR and MR strains between community-acquired and nosocomial isolates. Conclusions. The high frequency of MR and FqR also among community-acquired infections, as well as the emergence of Enterococci, viridans Streptococci and Pseudomonaceae with antibiotic multiresistance, point to the widespread use of prophylaxis and the inappropriate use of antibiotics as the possible main causative factors which should be reconsidered.
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Berhilevych, O. М., V. V. Kasianchuk, M. D. Kukhtyn, I. М. Lotskin, T. O. Garkavenko, and P. A. Shubin. "Characteristics of antibiotic sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dairy farms in Ukraine." Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems 8, no. 4 (November 12, 2017): 559–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/021786.
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Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important microorganism in the process of raw milk production and has significance for people’s health as it causes dangerous microbial contamination of dairy production. Furthermore, raw milk and the environment of livestock farms may be potential vehicles for distribution of antibiotic-resistant strains of S. aureus. The aim of the present study was to establish antibiotic sensitivity profiles of S. aureus depending on its origin from dairy farms, with a special focus on methicillin-resistant isolates. A total of 165 samples were collected for investigation in the period 2014–2016 from 5 dairy farms in Ukraine. All samples were analyzed for the presence of S. aureus using the Baird Parker Agar with Egg Yolk Tellurite Emulsion. Typical staphylococcal colonies were examined morphologically and for presence of coagulase and hemolysin activities. From these, positive samples for S. aureus were 62 (37.6%): 4 (6.5%) raw milk, 17 (77.4%) swabs of udder skin, 18 (29.0%) milk from cows with subclinical mastitis and 21 (33.9%) environmental samples. The standard disk diffusion method was used to determine sensitivity of S. aureus isolates to 10 antibiotics. The antimicrobial sensitivity profiles of S. aureus isolates showed differences between them, which depends on the origin of the isolates. Our results demonstrated that most of S. aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin, oxacillin and vancomycin. Of the 62 S.aureus isolates, 20 (32.3%) and 5 (8.1%) were found to be multiresistant to 3 different antibiotics, 6 (9.8%) isolates to 4 antibiotics, 12 (19.4%) and 3 (4.8%) to 5 antibiotics (P10, OX1, VA5, L10, TE30 and P10, OX1, VA5, CIP10, TE30 respectively). All isolates resistant to penicillin and oxacillin were typed by mec A gene in PCR with two primers (MecA147-F and MecA147-R). The results show that 66.7% of these isolates yielded a mecA product. The information obtained from this study is useful for understanding the prevalence of S. aureus and its antibiotic sensitivity in dairy farms and can be useful for local and national monitoring or for designing specific control programs of methicillin- and multiresistance isolates present in the food chain of milk production.
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van den Bogaard, A. E., M. Hazen, M. Hoyer, P. Oostenbach, and E. E. Stobberingh. "Effects of Flavophospholipol on Resistance in Fecal Escherichia coli and Enterococci of Fattening P." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 46, no. 1 (January 2002): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.46.1.110-118.2002.
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ABSTRACT A “plasmid-curing effect” of multiresistant Escherichia coli by flavophospholipol, an antibiotic used as an antimicrobial growth promoter (AMGP) in animal feeds, has been reported to occur in vitro and in vivo under experimental conditions. In this study, the effect of flavophospholipol under field conditions was studied. The prevalence and degree (proportion of resistant strains to the total numbers present per gram of feces) of resistance of indicator bacteria, E. coli and enterococci, was determined in fecal samples from three groups of pigs that were fed a commercial finisher feed without any AMGP. Group A was the negative control group without any AMGP, group B received the same feed with 9 mg of flavophospholipol/kg of feed (study group), and group C received the same feed with 15 mg of avoparcin/kg (positive control). Fecal samples from each pig were collected at the start and at the end of the study and assessed for the prevalence and degree of resistance against antibiotics commonly used either for therapy in pig medicine or as an AMGP. Before the start of the study, all pigs were colonized with multiresistant E. coli by mixing three resistant pig isolates through their feed after disturbance of the colonization resistance of the intestinal flora by a 3-day course of lincomycin and spectinomycin. At the end of the study, the overall prevalence and degree of resistance of E. coli in the fecal flora had increased significantly in groups A and C but remained at the same level as at the start of the study in group B. The prevalence of vancomycin resistance was 44 and 41% in groups A and B, respectively, but only very low numbers of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) per gram of feces were found. In the avoparcin-fed group, the prevalence was 72%, and in 57% of the samples, more than 50% of all enterococci present were vancomycin resistant. The prevalence of resistant Enterococcus faecalis increased only in the flavophospholipol-exposed group, from 23% before the start of the study to 43% at the end of the study. It was concluded that flavophospholipol effectively suppressed the augmentation and dissemination of multiresistant E. coli in the intestinal flora of fattening pigs. Avoparcin use strongly selected for VRE carriage and excretion. Therefore, as neither flavophospholipol nor any related molecule is used therapeutically, no cross-resistance with therapeutic antibiotics exists and no transmissible resistance has been shown; the major decrease in resistance in intestinal E. coli of flavophospholipol-fed animals seemed to outweigh the small increase in the risk of transfer of flavophospholipol-resistant E. faecalis from animals to humans via the food chain.
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Loessner, Isabel, Katja Dietrich, Dorothea Dittrich, Jörg Hacker, and Wilma Ziebuhr. "Transposase-Dependent Formation of Circular IS256 Derivatives in Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus." Journal of Bacteriology 184, no. 17 (September 1, 2002): 4709–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.184.17.4709-4714.2002.
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ABSTRACT IS256 is a highly active insertion sequence (IS) element of multiresistant staphylococci and enterococci. Here we show that, in a Staphylococcus epidermidis clinical isolate, as well as in recombinant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli carrying a single IS256 insertion on a plasmid, IS256 excises as an extrachromosomal circular DNA molecule. First, circles were identified that contained a complete copy of IS256. In this case, the sequence connecting the left and right ends of IS256 was derived from flanking DNA sequences of the parental genetic locus. Second, circle junctions were detected in which one end of IS256 was truncated. Nucleotide sequencing of circle junctions revealed that (i) either end of IS256 can attack the opposite terminus and (ii) the circle junctions vary significantly in size. Upon deletion of the IS256 open reading frame at the 3′ end and site-directed mutageneses of the putative DDE motif, circular IS256 molecules were no longer detectable, which implicates the IS256-encoded transposase protein with the circularization of the element.
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DJOUADI, LYDIA NEÏLA, NADJET GUEZLANE-TEBIBEL, KENZA MANSOURI, HANANE BOUMERDASSI, KARIM ARAB, MARIE-LAURE FARDEAU, and FARIDA NATECHE. "Multidrug-resistant Opportunistic and Pathogenic Bacteria Contaminate Algerian Banknotes Currency." Polish Journal of Microbiology 69, no. 4 (December 2020): 491–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2020-053.
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Currency is one of the most exchanged items in human communities as it is used daily in exchange for goods and services. It is handled by persons with different hygiene standards and can transit in different environments. Hence, money can constitute a reservoir for different types of human pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of Algerian banknotes to shelter opportunistic pathogenic and multiresistant bacteria. To that end, 200 circulating notes of four different denominations were collected from various places and analyzed for their bacterial loads and contents. Besides, predominant strains were identified and characterized by biochemical and molecular methods, and their resistance profiles against 34 antibiotics were determined. Our results indicated that 100% of the studied banknotes were contaminated with bacteria. The total bacterial concentrations were relatively high, and different bacterial groups were grown, showing important diversity. In total, 48 predominant strains were identified as belonging to 17 genera. Staphylococcus and Micrococcus were the most prevalent genera, followed by Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Acinetobacter. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that all the isolates harbored resistance to at least two molecules, and worrying resistance levels were observed. These findings prove that Algerian currency harbors opportunistic multiresistant bacteria and could potentially act as a vehicle for the spread of bacterial diseases and as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes among the community. Therefore, no cash payment systems should be developed and generalized to minimize cash handling and subsequent potential health risks.
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Młynarczyk-Bonikowska, Beata, Anna Majewska, Magdalena Malejczyk, Grażyna Młynarczyk, and Sławomir Majewski. "Multiresistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae: a new threat in second decade of the XXI century." Medical Microbiology and Immunology 209, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00430-019-00651-4.
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AbstractNeisseria gonorrhoeae is an etiologic agent of gonorrhoea, one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases caused by bacteria. For many years, infections caused by N. gonorrhoeae were considered to be relatively easy to treat; however, resistance has emerged successively to all therapeutic agents used in treatment of the disease, e.g., penicillin, ciprofloxacin or azithromycin. Currently, the global problem is the emergence and a threat of spread of N. gonorrhoeae strains resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC), such as injectable ceftriaxone and oral-used cefixime. Especially, dangerous are multi-resistant strains resistant simultaneously to ESC and azithromycin. Three strains with high-level resistance to azithromycin and resistant to ESC were first time isolated in 2018. Moreover, in 2018, the first ESBL was described in N. gonorrhoeae and that makes the threat of appearing the ESBL mechanism of resistance in N. gonorrhoeae more real, even though the strain was sensitive to ceftriaxone. Molecular typing revealed that variants resistant to ESC occurred also among strains belonging to epidemic clonal complex CC1 (genogroup G1407) distinguished in NG-MAST typing system. The G1407 genogroup, in particular the ST1407 sequence type, is currently dominant in most European countries. The presence of different mechanisms of drug resistance significantly affects clinical practice and force changes in treatment regimens and introduction of new drugs.
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Pauwels, B., and W. Verstraete. "The treatment of hospital wastewater: an appraisal." Journal of Water and Health 4, no. 4 (December 1, 2006): 405–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2006.0024.
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Hospitals discharge considerable amounts of chemicals and microbial agents in their wastewaters. Problem chemicals present in hospital wastewater belong to different groups, such as antibiotics, X-ray contrast agents, disinfectants and pharmaceuticals. Many of these chemical compounds resist normal wastewater treatment. They end up in surface waters where they can influence the aquatic ecosystem and interfere with the food chain. Humans are particularly exposed by the drinking water, produced from surface water. Microbial agents of special concern are multiresistant microbial strains. The latter are suspected to contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance. In this paper, we will discuss the different approaches towards hospital wastewater treatment. The principle of uncoupling hospitals from public sewers warrants in-depth evaluation by technologists and ecotoxicologists as well as public health specialists.
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Schwenger, V., E. Mündlein, E. E. Dagrosa, A. M. Fahr, M. Zeier, G. Mikus, and K. Andrassy. "Treatment of Life-Threatening Multiresistant Staphylococcal and Enterococcal Infections in Patients with End-Stage Renal Failure with Quinupristin/Dalfopristin: Preliminary Report." Infection 30, no. 5 (October 1, 2002): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15010-002-2076-3.
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Flávia da Silva, Francisca, Hermano Manoel Francisco Figueiredo Bezerra, Thais Ferreira Feitosa, and Vinícius Longo Ribeiro Vilela. "Nematode resistance to five anthelmintic classes in naturally infected sheep herds in Northeastern Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 27, no. 4 (November 8, 2018): 423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-296120180071.
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Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of nematode resistance to anthelmintics on sheep herds from the semi-arid region of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. Fecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT) was carried out on 20 properties. In each herd, 30 animals were divided into five groups containing six animals each: group I, treated with albendazole 10%, 4 mg/kg; group II, ivermectin 0.08%, 0.2 mg/kg; group III, closantel 10%, 10 mg/kg; group IV, levamisole hydrochloride 5%, 5 mg/kg; and group V, monepantel 2.5%, 2.5 mg/kg. All treatments were administered orally as a single dose. Fecal samples were collected on days zero and 10 after treatment, to perform FECRT and coprocultures. Multiresistance was observed in all the properties; 95% had high resistance to albendazole, 85% to ivermectin, 80% to closantel, 40% to levamisole, and 45% to monepantel. On property 15, where monepantel was ineffective, a second FECRT for this anthelmintic was carried out 4 months after the first, resulting in 75% efficacy. Immediately after the FECRT result, two ewes were euthanized and necropsied, and Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Oesophagostomum columbianum, and Trichuris ovis were recovered. It was concluded that the resistance of sheep gastrointestinal nematodes to antthelmintic, including monepantel, is high.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Multiresistance. eng"
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Fabiano, Telma Luciana Trovó. "Similaridade genética pelo RAPD-PCR de cepas de Staphylococcus sp isolados de portadores humanos e de camas de uma unidade hospitalar /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103901.
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Orientador: Fernando Antônio de ÁvilaBanca: Patrícia Amoroso
Banca: Branca Maria de Oliveira Santos
Banca: Ruben Pablo Schocken-Iturrino
Banca: José Moacir Marin
Resumo: Foram coletadas 143 amostras de mãos de humanos e camas hospitalares, através de suabes em caldo BHI (Brain Heart Infusion), em um Hospital Escola de Ribeirão Preto, SP. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar as cepas de Staphylococcus sp e verificar o grau de similaridade genética entre as cepas pelo RAPD-PCR e analisar o perfil de resistência a diversos antimicrobianos. As amostras coletadas foram incubadas a 37º C por 24 horas e após este período as culturas foram semeadas em placas de Petri contendo agar "Staphylococcus Médium 110". As colônias típicas do gênero Staphylococcus foram coletadas e estocadas a 4º C até o momento de elaboração das provas de produção de catalase e coagulase, fermentação do manitol, DNAse e hemólise. As cepas isoladas foram analisadas através da técnica de RAPD-PCR para verificar o grau de similaridade. A sensibilidade das cepas isoladas foi testada frente a 11 diferentes antibióticos. Foram isoladas 92 cepas de Staphylococcus sp sendo 67 (72,8%) cepas de Staphylococcus coagulase negativas e 25 (27,2%) cepas de Staphylococcus coagulase positivas. A análise de similaridade mostrou heterogeneidade genética entre as cepas. Foram encontradas oito (8.7%) cepas de Staphylococcus sp resistentes à vancomicina, sendo uma multirresistente a todos os antibióticos. Introduzir medidas de assepsia nas mãos de pessoal e leitos hospitalares e a racionalização do uso indiscriminado de antibióticos muito contribuirá para diminuição das infecções nosocomiais.
Abstract: A total of 143 samples were analyzed in this study. These included samples from human hands and hospital beds at a Medical Teaching Hospital of Ribeirão Preto, SP. This study aimed to characterize the strains of Staphylococcus sp and verify the degree of genetic similarity between the strains by RAPD-PCR and analyse the profile of the various antimicrobial resistance. Swabs samples were collected and cultured in brain heart infusion medium at 37o C for 24 h. Further cultivation was performed on Staphylococcus medium 110 agar plates. Typical colonies representing Staphylococcus genus were collected and stored at 4º C until it was used for identification tests, which included catalase, coagulase and mannitol production, hemolysis and Dnase. Isolates were analyzed by RAPD-PCR to verify similarity level. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined using 11 different antibiotics. A total of 92 Staphylococcus sp strains were isolated, whereas 67 (72.8%) were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus strains and 25 (27,2%) were coagulase-positive Staphylococcus strains. Similarity analysis revealed a great dissimilarity among isolates. High percentage of beta-lactams resistant Staphylococcus sp was found. Eight strains (8.7%) were vancomycin-resistant. A high percentage of multiresistant strains were found. Introduce of good hygiene practices for hands and hospital beds and adequate antibiotic use, may contribute to reduction of nosocomial infection and consequently improved antibiotic treatment response.
Doutor
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Okamoto, Adriano Sakai. "Detecção dos genes integron, invA e spvC em Salmonella Enteritidis proveniente de material avícola e transferência horizontal do gene integron entre enterobactérias /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104657.
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Orientador: Raphael Lucio Andreatti FilhoBanca: Edna Teresa de Lima
Banca: Noeme Sousa Rocha
Banca: Julio Lopes Sequeira
Banca: Marcelo Vasconcelos Meireles
Resumo: Neste trabalho foram analisadas 100 cepas de Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) isoladas de material avícola, visando à detecção dos genes de virulência spvC e invA e resistência a antimicrobianos integron classe 1. Comparando-se com a possível expressão dos fatores de virulência para sobrevivência em condições impróprias de temperatura, pH e concentração de nutrientes e o teste de inibição em placa, respectivamente. Também a capacidade de transferência horizontal do gene integron classe 1 foi avaliada em SE. Das cepas analisadas, duas apresentaram os genes spvC e invA, simultaneamente, com uma provável expressão destes sendo verificada no crescimento com pH 10,0 ou temperatura de 25ºC. Porém em relação à concentração de nutriente, ambas as cepas não cresceram na menor concentração (0,5%). Não houve relação direta entre a presença do gene integron classe 1 com a multiresistência de SE aos 14 antimicrobianos testados, já que 80% das cepas pesquisadas foram resistentes a até três antimicrobianos e não apresentaram o referido gene. Entretanto, a transferência horizontal desse gene e da resistência antimicrobiana foi realizada in vitro, de um Escherichia coli para uma Salmonella Enteritidis, demonstrando a capacidade de disseminação do gene presente em integron classe 1.
Abstract: In this work, 100 strains of Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) isolated from avian material were studied, aiming to detect the genes of virulence spvC and invA, as well as the antimicrobial resistance type 1 integron genes using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), comparing it with the possible expression of the virulence factors to survive under inappropriate conditions of temperature, pH and nutrient concentration, and the plaque inhibition assay, respectively. Capacity of horizontal transfer of type 1 0,integron gene was also evaluated in SE. Two of the analyzed strains showed spvC and InvA genes simultaneously, with a probable expression verified through growing in pH 10.0 or 25°C temperature. However, regarding to nutrient concentration, the aforementioned strains did not grow at the lowest concentration (0.5%). There was no direct relation between type 1 integron gene and the multiresistance of SE to the 14 tested antibiotics, because 80% of the strains did not showed the gen, but was resistant till three antibiotics. However, horizontal transfer of this gene was performed in vitro, showing the capacity of dissemination of the type 1 integron gene between bacteria.
Doutor
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Kenning, John. "In vitro synergy of tigecycline against Burkholderia cepacia complex and other multi-resistant, nonfermentative, Gram negative bacteria from cystic fibrosis patients." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2012. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/in-vitro-synergy-of-tigecycline-against-burkholderia-cepacia-complex-and-other-multiresistant-nonfermentative-gram-negative-bacteria-from-cystic-fibrosis-patients(47435bb4-533b-4133-8f7a-028ff022b0ac).html.
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Options for treating Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) and other multi-resistant Gram negative bacilli isolated from people with cystic fibrosis (CF) are limited. We assessed the in-vitro activity of tigecycline and eleven other antimicrobial agents against a collection of these organisms. The collection comprised 128 isolates of CF-associated Gram negative bacilli (31 Burkholderia multivorans, 16 Burkholderia cenocepacia, 4 other members of the Burkholderia species, 47 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, 20 Achromobacter xylosoxidans, and 10 other miscellaneous CF-associated Gram negative bacilli). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of tigecycline and eleven other antimicrobials for each isolate were determined using E-test. Synergy between tigecycline and each of eight other antimicrobials was determined using an E-test overlay method. The epidemiological spread of organisms indicated that the Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust (LTHT) infection control policies have had a measure of success and our work followed the pattern of many other CF units. Tigecycline showed poor in-vitro activity versus all members of the Bcc, with only 13% and 3% of B. cenocepacia and B. multivorans susceptible, respectively. Conversely minocycline showed good activity against these species, with 94% and 91% of isolates being susceptible. Tigecycline showed good activity against A. xyloxidans and S. maltophilia with 85% and 77% of isolates being susceptible, respectively. Tigecycline in combination with other agents mostly resulted in indifference. Although the in-vitro activity of tigecycline is variable, we reviewed the potential and future clinical impact of this study and the likely issues for further study. Whilst the relationship between synergy/MIC testing and clinical success remains unclear, there are a number of promising developments and ideas that may clarify this situation – further studies are warranted.