Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Multislice Computed Tomography'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 37 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Multislice Computed Tomography.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Morgan-Hughes, Gareth. "The cardiac applications of multislice computed tomography." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398366.
Full textColes, Duncan Robert. "Detection of coronary atherosclerotic disease using multislice computed tomography." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.520319.
Full textYamanaka, Kazuo. "Multislice computed tomography accurately quantifies left atrial size and function after the MAZE procedure." Kyoto University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/135885.
Full textGroves, Ashley McAllister. "16-detector multislice computed tomography and skeletal scintigraphy in the diagnosis of bone disease : a comparative study." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413261.
Full textPesolillo, Daniele. "Image quality and dose evaluation of filtered back projection versus iterative reconstruction algorithm in multislice computed tomography." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8315/.
Full textUtumi, Estevam Rubens. "Avaliação de lesões ósseas simuladas na cabeça da mandíbula pela tomografia computadorizada multislice." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23147/tde-21012009-150717/.
Full textThere are limitations for image acquisition using conventional radiography of the temporomandibular joint (ATM) region. Computerized tomography (CT) scan is a better option due to its higher specificity and sensitivity for diagnosis, surgical planning and treatment of bone injuries. The purpose of this study is to evaluate simulated bone injuries of the head of the jaw by CT scan. Spherical lesions were created in the head of 15 dry jaws with dentist drills (sizes 1, 3, and 6). Lesions were evaluated using the CT multislice (64 bits) by 2 examiners independently, in 2 different occasions, using 2 protocols: axial, coronal, and sagittal and parasagittal images for head of the mandible visualization (anterior, lateral, posterior, medial, and superior). Images were compared with the dry jaw (gold standard) regarding the presence of injuries, evaluating the degree of specificity and sensitivity of the CT. Kappa statistics, validity tests, and chi-square tests were used as statistical methods. As a result, we observed the advantage of the association of axial, coronal and sagittal slices with parasagittal slices for detection of lesions in the region of mandibles head. For some lesions localized in polar regions, protocols did not show statistically significant differences regarding the proportion of agreement. Protocols for visualization were created to improve the visualization of lesions in each polar region of the jaws head. Regarding parassagittal slices, there was better lateromedial visualization of the anterior and posterior poles and better anteroposterior visualization of superior, medial, and lateral poles.
Littau, Odin [Verfasser], and Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] Weber. "High Resolution Multislice Computed Tomography in the early phase after Stem Cell Transplantation / Odin Littau. Betreuer: Christoph Weber." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1020930551/34.
Full textLopes, Patrícia de Medeiros Loureiro. ""Validação das medidas lineares crânio-faciais por meio da tomografia computadorizada multislice em 3D"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23139/tde-28082006-184029/.
Full textThis research objectives the assessment of the precision and accuracy (validity) of the linear craniofacial measurements in three-dimensional reconstructed volume rendered images (3D) using a multislice computed tomography (CT). The study population consisted of 10 (ten) dry skulls, previously selected, without distinction of ethnic group and sex, which were submitted to a multislice CT 16 slices using 0.5 mm of slice thickness and 0.3 mm of interval of reconstruction. Subsequently the data were sent to an independent workstation with Vitrea software. Conventional craniofacial points were localized and linear measurements were obtained by 02 examiners, previously calibrated, twice each, independently, in 3D images. The physical measurements were obtained by a third examiner using a digital caliper. The data analysis was carried out, regarding to inter and intra examiner, in 3D-CT, and between image and physical measurements from dry skulls, using ANOVA (analysis of variance). There were also no statistically significant differences between imaging and physical measurements with p>0.6 for all measurements. In conclusion, all the linear craniofacial measurements were considered accurate and precise using a 3D volume rendering technique by multislice CT.
Fernandes, Carmen Lee. "The paranasal air sinuses in the human : an anatomical assessment using helical multislice computed tomography : applications to human forensic identification." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2018. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/31792.
Full textAccorsi, Mauricio Adriano de Oliverio. "Comparação de grandezas cefalométricas obtidas por meio de telerradiografias e tomografias computadorizadas multislice em crânios secos humanos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23133/tde-17052007-145601/.
Full textProposition: The purpose of this study was to compare linear cephalometric measurements obtained by means of lateral and frontal conventional cephalograms, within measurements obtained by means of a multislice computed tomography in third dimension (3D-CT), verify its accuracy in comparison with the gold-standard (direct physical measurements) and verify the preciseness intra-observer and interobserver for locating 10 cephalometric landmarks. Material and Methods: The sample under investigation was constituted by dry human skulls (n=10). The conventional cephalograms, were taken in the department of orthodontics and pediatric dentistry in the School of Dentistry ? São Paulo University, utilizing a Panoura® X-ray equipment (Yoshida Dental) and the 3D-CT images were obtained utilizing a 16 channel MSCT scanner (Aquilion® - Toshiba) located in the ?Instituto do Coração de São Paulo? (School of Medicine/University of São Paulo). The acquisition parameter was 0,5 mm slice thickness by 0,3 slice rendering. The raw data was transferred to an independent workstation containing the Vitrea® software, where the measurements were made in 3D and aided by multiplanar reformations for posterior comparison with those measurements made over the lateral and frontal conventional cephalograms, using the software Dolphin®. Results and Conclusions: The averages of measurements obtained from 3D-CT were consistently precise and accurate. They shown higher ICC values and short intervals of confidence (95%) in comparison with the gold-standard, in addition, the intra-observer and inter-observer error, were low in absolute (mm) and percent terms. Regarding the conventional cephalograms, the measurement Zm(d)-Zm(e) shown lack of preciseness for intra-observer and interobserver. Were also noticed an inaccuracy for all measurements, in comparison with the gold standard, excepting for the Co-Gn measurement, that presented preciseness and accuracy for both observers. The multislice computed tomography is a reliable method and was statistically significant, more precise and accurate for cranial measurements than the conventional cephalograms.
Silva, Isabela Maria de Carvalho Crusoé. "Avaliação comparativa dos coeficientes de Hounsfield entre a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico e tomografia multislice." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290135.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-11T21:16:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_IsabelaMariadeCarvalhoCrusoe_M.pdf: 2322395 bytes, checksum: 2378f18e1c22e49e20d1b9f0670b3d52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: O objetivo no presente estudo foi comparar os coeficientes das unidades de Hounsfield (HU) em imagens adquiridas por tomografia de Feixe Cônico e tomografia multislice. Para tanto, foram utilizadas imagens de vinte mandíbulas maceradas adquiridas em dois tomógrafos: tomógrafo multislice de 40 canais (Somatom Sensation 40 - Siemens) com protocolo de cortes axiais de 0,7 mm de espessura e intervalo entre os cortes de 0,5 mm; e tomógrafo de feixe cônico i-CAT (Imaging Sciences International), com cortes axiais de 0,2 mm de espessura, tempo de aquisição de 40 segundos e Field of View (FOV) de 8 cm. As análises das imagens foram feitas pelos softwares Syngo CT (tomógrafo multislice). Os valores obtidos por este último foram considerados como Padrão Ouro. Para as mensurações foram utilizadas as coordenadas X e Y, bem como a ferramenta de HU de ambos os softwares. Ficando assim, viável a comparação dos resultados após as Análises Estatísticas Descritivas e do Teste t pareado. Os dados obtidos indicaram um valor médio das regiões de interesse de 313,13 HU para a tomografia multislice e de 418.06 HU para a tomografia de feixe cônico, com valor de P < 0,001. Portanto, os valores de HU, obtidos pelo software da tomografia de feixe cônico, apresentaram-se superestimados em relação aos encontrados no Tomógrafo multislice. Na ausência de correspondência entre os dados amostrados, a tomografia de feixe cônico não oferece segurança e credibilidade ao cirurgião-dentista na avaliação da densidade óssea no planejamento para implantes e em cirurgias do complexo maxilofacial
Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the attenuation coefficients (Hounsfield Unit) in both cone-beam computed tomography (CT) and multislice CT images. The 40-channel CT scanner (SOMATOM Sensation 40 - Siemens) was used to obtain images (n=20) of macerated mandibles considering the following protocol: axial slices of 0.7 mm in thickness and an interval of 0.5 mm between cuts. This same sample was submitted to i-CAT cone-beam CT scanner (Imaging Sciences International): axial slices of 0.2 mm in thickness and a field of view of 8 cm. Images were analyzed by means of computer software - XoranCat (cone-beam CT scan) and the Syngo CT (multislice CT scan) - the latter of which was considered Gold Standard. Coordinates X and Y and the HU tool were used for the measurements. Data were submitted to the descriptive statistical analysis and the paired sample t-test. A mean value of 313.13 HU was obtained for Multislice CT and 418.06 HU for the cone-beam CT (p<0.001). The attenuation coefficient values obtained for the cone-beam CT were overestimated when compared to those for the multislice CT. Since no correspondence was found among the data sampled, cone-beam CT offers no credibility for the dentist to evaluate bone during planning of implant and/or maxillofacial complex surgery
Mestrado
Radiologia Odontologica
Mestre em Radiologia Odontológica
Orsini, Luca. "Valutazione della qualità delle immagini e della dose in multi-slice computed tomography per l'ottimizzazione dei protocolli clinici che impiegano sistemi di modulazione automatica." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6712/.
Full textPatterson, Caroline Marie. "Novel approaches to the assessment of patients with chest symptoms in the acute medical and outpatient settings : the use of multislice computed tomography." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/29456.
Full textRodrigues, Andréia Fialho. "Avaliação da influência do volume do campo de visão na determinação da densidade mineral em tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico e tomografia computadorizada multislice." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2013. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5426.
Full textApproved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-08-08T14:15:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 andreiafialhorodrigues.pdf: 1214952 bytes, checksum: 9f8b3461dead1f5e477600658f658442 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-08T14:15:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 andreiafialhorodrigues.pdf: 1214952 bytes, checksum: 9f8b3461dead1f5e477600658f658442 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-29
CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
As imagens de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) têm sido utilizadas para a avaliação da qualidade óssea, entretanto algumas variáveis inerentes ao exame parecem influenciar os valores de densidade obtidos, sendo que a influência do volume do campo de visão (FOV) ainda não foi completamente explicada. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar os efeitos do volume do FOV no valor da densidade em TCFC e tomografia computadorizada multislice (TCMS). Um objeto teste composto por três cilindros de acrílico contendo água destilada, gesso e óleo de motor foi construído e inserido em um cilindro de acrílico completamente preenchido com água destilada. O objeto teste foi escaneado com uma TCFC e com uma TCMS, utilizando três tamanhos de FOV: 8x8cm, 16x8cm e 16x13cm. A densidade de cada material foi avaliada em 40 regiões de interesse posicionadas nos cortes axiais. Nos exames de TCFC, houve diferença significativa entre os valores de densidade dos diferentes FOVs para os três materiais. Já nos exames de TCMS houve diferença significativa somente para o óleo. Os valores de densidade mostraram significante correlação entre os exames de TCFC e TCMS para o gesso em todos os FOVs. A água não apresentou correlação significante entre os exames de TCFC e TCMS com os FOVs utilizados. O óleo não apresentou correlação no FOV 8 x 8mm e apresentou uma baixa correlação nos FOVs 16 x 8mm e 16 x 13mm. Os valores de densidade determinados em imagens de TCFC sofreram interferência significativa pela variação do tamanho do FOV. Os valores de densidade obtidos em exames de TCMS apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significante somente para o óleo.
Computed tomography cone beam (CBCT) scans have been used to evaluate the quality of bone. The values of density seem to be influenced by some CBCT inherent variables. However, some variables inherent to CBCT seem to influence the values of density and the influence of FOV volume has not been completely elucidated. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of FOV size on density values in large-volume CBCT and MSCT images. A phantom made up of 3 cylinders containing distilled water, plaster and motor oil was constructed and inserted into an acrylic cylinder filled with distilled water. The phantom was scanned with a CBCT and MSCT device using 3 FOV sizes. Density of each material was evaluated in 40 regions of interest. In CBCT exams there was significant difference between the density values of different FOVs for the 3 materials. In the MSCT there was significant difference only for the oil. A significant correlation between CBCT and MSCT exams for the plaster in all of the FOVs was obtained. The water did not show significant correlation between CBCT and MSCT exams with the FOVs under study. The oil was not correlated in 8 x 8mm FOV and a low correlation of the FOVs 16 x 8mm and 16 x 13mm. The density values determined in CBCT images showed significant interference by varying the size of the FOV. The density values obtained in MSCT examinations showed a statistically significant difference only for oil.
Harb, Leandro José Corrêa. "Avaliação da zona de risco da raiz mesial de molares inferiores através de tomografia computadorizada multislice com baixa dose de radiação." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3426.
Full textA raiz mesial de molares inferiores (MI) da dentição permanente apresenta achatamento mésio-distal acentuado e, na região próxima à furca, uma concavidade maior em sua superfície distal, determinando a chamada zona de risco (ZR). Esta é passível de perfuração em forma de rasgo nos preparos endodônticos. Diversas metodologias apresentadas na literatura são utilizadas para medir esta ZR. A tomografia computadorizada multislice (TCMS) permite uma avaliação através de reconstruções 3D com doses elevadas de radiação. Até o momento, nenhum estudo analisou a ZR de MI através da TCMS com baixa dose de radiação. Este estudo avaliou, in vitro, as menores medidas da ZR da raiz mesial de MI nos níveis 1 a 5 milímetros da furca, com intervalo de 1 milímetro entre eles, utilizando reconstruções 3D obtidas através de TCMS com baixa dose de radiação (protocolo DentalCT CTdBem). Trinta e três MI extraídos de humanos foram usados, escaneados em tomógrafo com posterior aquisição de imagem 3D de cada dente através de software específico, no qual foram realizadas as medidas. As médias das menores medidas em milímetros em cada nível foram (primeiro valor da parede radicular do canal mésio-vestibular e o segundo do canal mésio-lingual): nível 1 - N1 (0,79 e 0,83), N2 (0,75 e 0,76), N3 (0,72 e 0,73), N4 (0,75 e 0,74) e N5 (0,82 e 0,73). Pelo Teste de Friedman (p < 0,003), foi confirmado que houve diferença na espessura radicular entre os 5 níveis somente da parede radicular do canal mésio-lingual. Pelo Teste de Wilcoxon, foi confirmado que a mensuração no N1 apresentou significativamente maior medida que nos restantes 4 níveis (p<0,014). Concluiu-se que as reconstruções 3D obtidas através de TCMS com baixa dose de radiação foram adequadas para a aquisição das imagens virtuais, assim como as análises da ZR da raiz mesial de MI, através de programa específico, que foram realizadas de maneira eficiente e automatizada, sem erro de demarcação dos limites dentais mensuráveis, sendo passível para estudos in vivo e in vitro. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo estão de acordo com a literatura atual.
Perrella, Andréia. "Validade da tomografia computadorizada multislice e da tomografia computadorizada por feixe cônico para identificação de lesões ósseas simuladas na mandíbula, com e sem a presença de artefatos dentários metálicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23147/tde-19122009-113006/.
Full textThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in identification of simulated mandibular lesions in situations with and without metallic artifacts in several observation protocols. MSCT and CBCT examinations were performed in dry mandibles, in which holes were performed simulating lesions. The images were taken in two stages: in the presence and absence of metal dental restorations. Two observers, previously calibrated, observed the images by evaluating the images for the presence or absence of lesion, loci number and whether there were medullary invasion. Observers used image manipulation softwares, installed on independent workstations, to reconstruct the images in the following evaluation protocols: axial, sagittal + coronal, 3D, sets (axial+ coronal + sagittal + 3 D) and parasagittal. The sensitivity and specificity of MSCT (64 slices) and CBCT for diagnosis of simulated bone lesions in the mandible, using independent workstation were demonstrated as the values obtained were greater than 95% using the appropriate observation protocol. The influence of dental metallic artifacts was negligible in the interpretation of mandibular bone lesions, since the values of accuracy in the analysis with and without artifact were quite close. The images acquired with MCT suffered more influence of artifacts than the protocols acquired by TCFC, although the values were all high and quite close. Except for 3D reconstructions, which originated from the CBCT, showed the lowest accuracy. The best protocol for post-processing and interpretation of simulated bone lesions was called RMP +3 D. The protocol that showed the worst results was parasagital.
Taleb, Mehr Mahdieh. "Usefulness of dental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for detetion of the anatomical landmarks of the external, middle and inner ear." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2643.
Full textMaués, Nadine Helena Pelegrino Bastos. "Otimização de protocolos de abdômen-pelve em tomografia computadorizada multislice utilizando associações de avaliações subjetivas e objetivas." Botucatu, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152050.
Full textResumo: A tomografia computadorizada (TC) é amplamente utilizada no diagnóstico e estadiamento de patologias da região de abdômen-pelve devido a sua alta sensibilidade e especificidade. A possibilidade de adquirir maior número de imagens em menor tempo e a maior disponibilidade de equipamentos levaram a um aumento significativo dos exames de TC e consequente aumento das doses efetivas globais fornecidas por esta modalidade. Desta forma, foram desenvolvidas ferramentas que buscam reduzir as doses de radiação dos exames sem perda da qualidade da imagem. Uma destas ferramentas é a modulação automática da corrente do tubo (automatic tube current modulation – ATCM), que permite a obtenção de exames que concordam com o princípio ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable). O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade da imagem e as doses de radiação de diferentes protocolos de TC de abdômen-pelve com a ferramenta ATCM. Foram avaliados cinco protocolos de TC de abdômen-pelve com a ferramenta ATCM em dois tomógrafos distintos, um 16-canais e um 64 canais. Foi utilizado um fantoma antropomórfico para avaliações dosimétricas e um fantoma analítico para avaliações objetivas de qualidade da imagem. Para a análise subjetiva da qualidade da imagem, foram utilizados 15 exames retrospectivos de pacientes submetidos a TC de abdômen-pelve. Estes exames foram avaliados por um radiologista com experiência na área de tomografia de abdômen. As três análises forneceram informações que possibilitaram a escol... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Mestre
Marques, Alexandre Perez. "Comparação entre a tomografia computadorizada multislice e a tomografia computadorizada por feixe cônico para identificação de lesões osteolíticas simuladas na cabeça da mandíbula." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23139/tde-22032010-103948/.
Full textThere are many limitations for image acquisition using conventional radiography of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) region. Computerized tomography (CT) scan is a better option due to its higher specificity and sensitivity for diagnosis, surgical planning and treatment of bone injuries. The purpose of this study is to compare multislice CT and cone beam computed tomography for evaluation of simulated mandibular condyle lesions. Spherical lesions were created in 30 dry mandibular condiyle with dentist drills (sizes 1, 3, and 6). Condyles were submitted by multislice (64 bits) CT and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) using two independent software by 2 observants alone, one of them in 2 different occasions, using 2 protocols: axial, coronal and sagittal, and sagittal plus coronal slices for the mandibular condyle visualization. The raw data were compared with the dry mandible (gold standard) regarding the presence of injuries, evaluating the proportion of agreement, degree of specificity and sensitivity of the CT and CBCT and observant analysis. The z test were used as statistical methods. The results showed there are no statistically significant differences between the methods, and the whole methods are validity. It was observed the advantage of the association of axial, coronal and sagittal slices and sagittal plus coronal slices for detection of lesions in mandibular condyles. For some lesions localized in regions, protocols did not show statistically significant differences regarding the proportion of agreement. Protocols were created to improve the visualization of lesions in each region of the mandibular condyle. There was more difficult for assessment small size simulated lesions (# 1).
Camargo, Raphael Abegão de. "Alterações estruturais da face e dos seios paranasais avaliados por tomografia computadorizada multislice em pacientes com leishmaniose mucosa tratada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5134/tde-15082014-143702/.
Full textIntroduction: American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) is an important anthropozoonosis that is endemic in most regions in Brazil. Despite the spread of the disease in recent years, ATL remains a neglected disease. Mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) is mainly caused by Leishmania (V.) brasiliensis agent, and usually occurs months or years after symptomatic or asymptomatic skin infection. Approximately 5% of patients with untreated cutaneous leishmaniasis will develop ML, a presentation that causes significant morbidity to patients. The mucosal leishmaniasis is a progressive disease that affects cartilage and bone structures of the nose and paranasal sinuses as well as other upper respiratory tract structures. Complications associated with ML have been described, but there is a lack of studies which evaluate the structural changes of the nose and paranasal sinuses in ML using radiological methods. Objective: To assess the degree of opacification of the paranasal sinuses in patients with treated mucosal leishmaniasis as well as any anatomic changes in the face associated with ML through multidector computed tomography scans (MDCT) of the sinuses, and compare the findings in this population with a control group. This study also aims at determining the prevalence of chronic sinusitis in patients with treated ML as well as finding probable predictive variables that may be related to the severity of sinus disease and CT findings. Methods: We evaluated 54 patients with treated ML who were submitted to MDCT of the sinuses, and compared with a control group of 40 patients who underwent MDCT of orbit. Analysis of the scans was performed from multiplanar reconstructions in the axial, coronal and sagittal views. The degree of sinus disease was assessed according to the Lund-Mackay criteria, in which a value was assigned to the degree of opacification of each sinus system and ostiomeatal complexes, and the scores from the mucosal leishmaniasis group were compared to the control group. A comparative analysis was then performed among patients in the mucosal leishmaniasis group, who were divided into 2 subgroups according to the presence (Lund-Mackay >= 4) or absence (Lund-Mackay < 4) of sinus disease, with 40 and 14 patients respectively. Following this subdivision, exploratory univariate analysis were performed to identify predictive variables that could be associated to the presentation of greater severity of sinus disease. The level of significance was defined as p <0.05. Results: Forty of the 54 patients with a history of ML (74.1%) had a tomographic score compatible with chronic sinusitis (Lund- Mackay >= 4). CT scans in the leishmaniasis and control groups demonstrated significant differences in terms of facial structural alterations. Patients from the mucosal leishmaniasis group showed more severe levels of partial opacification and pan sinus mucosal thickening 23/54 (42.6%), furthermore complete opacification of at least one paranasal sinus was only observed in the leismaniasis group. Patients from the mucosal leishmaniasis group with Lund-Mackay score >= 4 presented greater length of symptoms before treatment and more severe presentation of the disease at the diagnosis. Conclusion: CT scans of the sinus of patients with ML also presented several structural alterations, expressing the prominent destructive feature of the disease. The higher prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis observed in CT scans of patients with treated ML in this study when compared to the control group suggests that ML can be seen as a risk factor for chronic rhinosinusitis in this population. Male sex, having the disease for more than two years before first treatment and/or a more severe presentation of ML at diagnosis, can be considered as predictive variables of chronic sinusitis in these patients
Cremonini, Caio Cesar. "Avaliação das medidas lineares do rebordo alveolar previamente à colocação de implantes, na presença de artefatos metálicos dentários, usando a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico ou tomografia computadorizada multislice." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23146/tde-08052012-160804/.
Full textObjective: The objective was to evaluate the influence of dental metallic artefacts on linear measurements (height and thickness) performed in parassagital sections at the alveolar ridge at the mentual foramen region using multislice and cone-beam computed tomography techniques. Materials and Methods: Ten dried human mandibles were scanned twice by each technique, with and without dental metallic artefacts. Metallic restorations were placed at the top of the alveolar ridge, adjacent and coronary to the mental foramen region for the second scanning, in order to simulate dental metallic artefacts. Parassagital images were obtained and linear measurements were performed using the Imaging Studio ® software, by a single examiner previously trained and calibrated. The observer also analyzed if the presence of the artefacts could jeopardize the identification of anatomic structures at the image. All mandibles were analyzed at both the right and the left mental foramen regions. Results: For the multislice technique, dental metallic artefacts produced an increase of 5% in bone thickness and a reduction of 6% in bone height, although these differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). With respect to the cone-beam technique, dental metallic artefacts produced an increase of 6% in bone thickness and a reduction of 0.68% in bone height. No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed when comparing measurements performed with and without metallic artefacts. At the images with artefacts, the alveolar bone identification was jeopardized at both techniques. Conclusion: the presence of dental metallic artefacts did not alter the linear measurements obtained with both techniques, although its presence made the location of the alveolar bone crest more difficult.
Passos, Ula Lindoso. "Avaliação da faringe de pacientes portadores de apneia obstrutiva do sono, por meio da tomografia computadorizada multislice obtida em vigília e durante o sono." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5151/tde-08122011-160951/.
Full textIntroduction: The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) has been increasingly studied because of the prevalence and relationship to serious healthy problems such as increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. The gold standard for diagnosis is polysomnography (PSG), but this method does not provide anatomical data of the pharynx of patients. Objectives: To evaluate the changes in upper airway and soft tissue structures surrounding the upper airway during wakefulness and sleep in patients with OSAS and a control group without OSAS. Methods: 11 patients with severe OSAS (apnea index > 30 event/hour) and 7 subjects without apnea and polysomnogram (Stardust) negative for OSAS were examined on a 16-channel multislice computed tomography. The exam was carried out with the patient awake and during spontaneous asleep, without any kind of sedation. The patients were monitored with a polysomnogram during the exam to assure the sleep and awaken state. Airway and soft-tissue 2-D measurements were performed in retropalatal and retroglossal level as well as, 3-D volumetric measurements. The measures were minimum anteroposterior and laterolateral diameter, the minimum area in the oropharynx in retropalatal and retroglossal levels, transverse and anteroposterior diameter of the tongue, pharyngeal wall thickness in RP, the distance between the mandibular branches, thickness and the length of the soft palate, the thickness of subcutaneous fat tissue in the submental region, MP-H distance (top edge of the hyoid to mandibular plane); volume of air column, volume of lateral pharyngeal wall, the volume of the parapharyngeal space fat, and the tongue volume. Results: Patients with OSAS had a small cross sectional area of retropalatal pharynx and the upper airway are significantly smaller when the patients were asleep. The measurements which presented significant decrease during sleep were the laterolateral and anteroposterior retropalatal diameter and minimal cross-seccional area. There was an inverse relationship between dimensions of lateral pharyngeal walls and the airway area, which was more pronounced during sleep. There was also a statistically significant difference in measures of the tongue thickness, palate thickness and length, MP-H distance and mandibular angle. There was a reduction of laterolateral, anteroposterior diameter, cross seccional area and upper airway volume, between awake and asleep states. Linear and volumetric measurements were performed in the control group but there was no significant difference between the different states. The variation of the cross seccional area in the OSAS group was significant during the dynamic study. Conclusion: The upper airway of subjects with severe OSAS differs from controls subjects. The OSAS group and the control group undergo different modifications in their upper airway after the sleep onset, and the changes of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome are characterized by significant changes of linear and volumetric measurements, suggesting greater pharyngeal collapsibility. There were significant differences in the patterns of dynamic airway motion between patients with and those without OSAS.
Solowjowa, Natalia [Verfasser]. "Multislice computed tomography for assessment of reverse remodeling of mitral valve and left ventricle after surgical repair of acquired posterior left ventricular aneurysms compared to anterior localization / Natalia Solowjowa." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1148425985/34.
Full textRAZZINI, CINZIA. "Valutazione non invasiva mediante TC multislice delle sindromi coronariche acute senza sopraslivellamento del tratto ST." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/740.
Full textRationale and Objectives: Clinical presentations in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are sometimes atypical consisting in normal initial cardiac enzymes and nondiagnostic electrocardiogram. Previous studies have found that between 2% and 8% of patients with ACS who present to the emergency department are inappropriately discharged home. Unstable angina and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients have usually multivessel disease or proximal coronary vessel disease and a non invasive coronary evaluation could be useful for risk stratification and for an optimal therapeutic strategy timing. The aim of our study was to evaluate multislice computed tomography (MSCT) role in risk stratification of ACS without ST elevation, comparing this technique with a clinical, biochemical and echocardiographic analysis. Materials and Methods: Forty-seven consecutive patients (34 male, 13 female; mean age: 63.3 ± 11,6 years) admitted because of ACS [NSTEMI (94%), UA (6%)] were enrolled. All patients underwent a clinical, biochemical, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic evaluation. Sixty-four MSCT coronary angiography was performed in all patients within 12 hours of acute event. In a patient-based analysis all subjects were divided in 5 groups: 1-vessel, 2-vessels, 3-vessels, left main and non significant disease. Selective coronary angiography was performed within 12 hours after MSCT. Results: Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value and accuracy of MSCT for detecting coronary artery disease (CAD) were 97%, 83%, 83%, 97% and 95%, respectively. Only one patient with CAD and a vasospastic component was non identified by MSCT. MSCT correlation with coronary angiography in the identification of 1-vessel, 2-vessels, 3-vessels, left main and non significant disease patients was respectively 83%, 81%, 82%, 78%, 80%. Clinical, biochemical, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic parameters were not able to correlate with CAD severity and extension. Culprit lesion composition was lipidic in 58% of cases, calcified in 11%, mixed in 30%. MSCT identified ACS culprit lesion in 86% of patients (mean plaque density 76 ± 41 HU, minimum plaque density 50,9 ± 29 HU) and culprit vessel in 92% of cases. Conclusions: In the majority of cases, MSCT definitively and non invasively establishes or excludes CAD as the cause of chest pain. Our results show that 64-slice CT is an accurate non invasive technique to detect CAD in NSTEMI/UA patients, useful for risk stratification, assessing CAD extension and culprit lesion composition. Clinical, biochemical, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic parameters resulted not useful in risk stratification in this group of patients.
Cheade, Mayara de Cassia Cunha. "Correlação entre as densidades ósseas maxilo-mandibular, cabeças mandibulares, e vértebras cervicais C1,C2,C3 através de tomografia computadorizada com CT multislice (escala Hounsfield): osteoporose localizada ou sistêmica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23139/tde-20022015-093546/.
Full textOsteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease that also affects the bones of the jaws. Causes an increase in porosity that reflects the integration of quality and bone mineral density, hindering rehabilitation treatment with implants. The gold standard diagnostic tool is bone densitometry by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), computed tomography but also proves very effective in assessing bone quality through Hounsfield scale. In this study, we evaluated the bone density of mandibular heads, regions of the teeth in the maxilla 13,23, 36.46 mandible and cervical vertebrae C1, C2, C3, through Hounsfield scale CT scans, and correlated their values for diagnosis of Osteoporosis localized or systemic. We evaluated 79 multi-slice CT of patients who underwent both examinations of the maxilla and mandible, with 35 men and 44 women over 40 years of age. We use software to analyze and Efilm-investigated regions. The results show that 56.06% have density below 200 HU from over 03 sites studied, classifying them as systemic osteoporosis, and 43.03% have localized osteoporosis. In females 61.76% have localized osteoporosis and 60% systemic osteoporosis. Have the male presents 38.23% localized osteoporosis and 40% presents systemic osteoporosis. We concluded that multislice computed tomography obtained for diagnostic purposes in dentistry proved to be able to identify individuals at risk for systemic osteoporosis, considering the methodology applied to this sample.
Darka, Hadnađev Šimonji. "Procena doza i optimizacija protokola pri standardnim pregledima višeslojnom kompjuterizovanom tomografijom." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Medicinski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2015. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=95420&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textComputed tomography (CT) is one of the most significant diagnostic methods whose application has been increasing from decade to decade. Among the total number of radiological examinations CT accounts for 5-10%, however, its contribution in the whole dosage for the population is greater than 50%. Main indicator of the quality of images and dosages as well as the accompanying irradiation risk depend on applied radiographic technique that is CT examination. In the sense of good radiological practice and in accordance with basic principles of protection from irradiation, the application of the lowest possible dosage for a patient together with preserving the quality of image and diagnostic information are mostly welcomed. The goal of the research is to define the optimum examination protocol by multislice CT in diagnostics of certain body regions as well as to determine dosages and irradiation risk for patients both before and after protocol optimization. The analysis has included 437 patients divided into groups according to body regions which have been scanned: I-unenhanced head CT, II contrast enhanced head CT, III–chest CT, IV–abdomen and pelvis CT and V–angio CT (CT angiography of aortoiliac segment and lower extremities). The study has been conducted in 2 phases: in the first phase standard protocol for the scanned body region has been applied, and in the second phase CT examinations have been carried out according to the modified protocol (by change of parameters of values mAs) with minimum requirements regarding the image quality. On the basis of dosimetric indicators the efficient dosage and irradiation risk for the patients in both phases have been assessed. In the study the guidelines form the Guide EUR 16262 EN have been observed where parameters for the assessment of image quality have been defined in order to analyze different anatomic cross sections of certain body regions. Image quality for each patient was assessed by three-level visualization scale for each parameter of anatomic region: 0–details are visible, 1–details are presented, 2–details are clearly presented. A subjective method was applied where two experienced radiologists performed the image interpretation. Final assessment of image quality of every examination corresponds to the sum of all parameters according to three-level visualization scale. Further, for the need of calculation of the size of FOM (figure of merit) the value of the index of assessment of the image quality (sum of all assessments of parameters/number of parameters) has been calculated. The value of FOM has been calculated as a quotient of the image quality assessment index and effective dosage per patient. The average value of FOM for every group of patients has offered us a relative indicator for comparison of non-optimum and optimum group of patients for the same type of examinations. By comparison of values of effective dosage in the first and second phase of the research a decrease in irradiation load for patients after protocol optimization was quantified. The results have shown that by optimum protocol selection in the sense of exposition parameters (by reduction of values of mAs) it is possible to reduce significantly the irradiation dosage at unenhanced head CT examination for 7,5%, at contrast enhanced head CT examination for 7%, at chest CT examination for 40%, at abdomen and pelvis CT examination for 25%. The group CT angio could not be optimized since the device did not accept the change in image quality at set optimization parameters. By application of standard protocols the image quality better than required was achieved and along with this, a higher irradiation dosage occurred than required. By selection of protocol in the sense of exposition parameters it is possible to reduce irradiation dosage significantly along with preserving image quality which is sufficient for adequate radiological image interpretation.
Jankauskas, Antanas. "Visiška kairiosios Hiso pluošto kojytės blokada ir vainikinių arterijų angiografijos daugiapjūviu kompiuteriniu tomografu tyrimo vertė." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20100422_112031-11928.
Full textMultislice computed tomography (MSCT) coronary angiography is one of the latest usage area of the computed tomography technology. It s a non-invasive diagnostic tool, wich can be performed in ambulant patients. MSCT coronary angiography beside it's advantages has some drawbacks. The main drawbacks are lower spatial resolution and residual motion artifacts in MSCT images. Therefore quality of coronary images and diagnostic value of MSCT angiography differs, depending on patient's clinical characteristics, especially on heart contraction features during scanning. Asynchronic contraction and relaxation of the right and left ventricles, caused of bundle branch block can also influence image quality of MSCT coronary angiography. To date, there are only few studies, conducted to analyse diagnostic performance of MSCT coronary angiography in patients with left bundle branch block. Although influence of heart rate, heart rate variability and the other factors (for example, age, sex, body mass index) on MSCT image quality are quite well investigated. Thus, the present study were designed to investigate the influence of complete left bundle branch block on image quality of MSCT coronary angiography more detail in comparison with control patients group without electrical conduction disturbances, reveal the diagnostic value of MSCT angiography to identify hemodinamicaly significant coronary stenosis.
Gentili, Lorenzo. "Valutazione delle calcificazioni valvolari: nuove prospettive diagnostiche." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13990/.
Full textTavares, Carlos Augusto Fernandes. "Frequência da doença arterial coronariara (DAC) e características das placas ateroscleróticas avaliadas pela angiotomografia computadorizada multislice em pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 assintomáticos relacionado ao controle glicêmi." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5135/tde-14082013-161717/.
Full textThe number of diabetic patients increase every day. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and Stroke are the leading causes of death in this group. Coronary atherosclerotic plaque rupture is the pathophysiologic mechanism for (AMI) in 2 every 3 cases and the characteristics of these plaques more vulnerable and prone to rupture as positive remodeling of the vascular segment affected and non-calcified plaque with low attenuation can be evaluated by Angiotomography. Objective: To evaluate the frequency of coronary artery disease and the main characteristics of these vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques in asymptomatic diabetic considering the degree of glycemic control by Multislice Computed Angiotomography. Study Design and Methods: 90 asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients, evaluated between June 2011 and September 2012, between 40 and 65 years of age, duration of diabetes less than 10 years, underwent clinical, laboratory and Angiotomography Computed coronary arteries with 320 columns of detectors. Results: Of 90 patients, 42.2% (n = 38) had coronary artery disease being the Angiotomo n = 11 in group A1c <7% and n = 27 in group A1c> = 7% with statistical difference (p = 0.0006 ). 14 individuals showed significant coronary artery disease (obstruction of the lumen than 50%), n = 3 in the A1c <7% and n = 11 in A1c> = 7% (p = 0.02). The type of noncalcified plaque predominated in A1c> = 7% (p = 0.005) and 29% of diabetics with coronary disease showed atherosclerotic lesions classified as most vulnerable group that predominated in A1c> = 7% (p = 0.04) . Conclusion: Diabetic patients asymptomatic features besides high frequency of coronary artery disease has a large number of plaques classified as vulnerable by Angiotomo and therefore prone to rupture and acute coronary event, especially in the group A1c> = 7%
Beraldo, Marcelo do Amaral. "Estudo dos efeitos da posição prona na distribuição regional da aeração e da perfusão pulmonar através da tomografia de impedância elétrica e da tomografia computadorizada multislice." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5150/tde-07022012-100746/.
Full textIntroduction: Prone position has been shown to consistently improve oxygenation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Previous studies suggested some improvement in lung recruitment or a better ventilation of poorly aerated areas as possible mechanisms for such oxygenation benefits. Objective: To quantify the regional distribution of aeration (collapse and hyperdistend lung tissue) and lung perfusion by Computer Tomography (CT) and electrical impedance tomography in supine and prone positions and to correlate them with pulmonary gas exchange. Methods: We studied 21 anesthetized Landrace pigs under controlled mechanical ventilation. These animals were divided in two groups: Thirteen (13) animals in the EIT group and eight (8) in the CT group. After lung injury (saline lavage + VILI during 3 hours), animals were recruited and submitted to two sequential PEEP trials, both consisting of decremental PEEP steps (2 cmH2O steps). Seven (n=7) animals in the EIT group and four (4) in the CT group were allocated to a PEEP trial under supine position, followed by a second PEEP trial in prone. Six (6) animals in the EIT group and four (4) in the CT group received PEEP trials in reverse order. Seven (7) additional animals were studied for lung perfusion distribution, by analyzing the first pass kinetics of hypertonic solution (2 animals - EIT group) and iodine contrast (5 animals - CT group). Results: No differences in the amount of collapsed and hyperdistended lung tissue were found between both postures (p= 0.12 vs. p = 0.41 respectively) in both the EIT and CT groups. However, the gas exchange was consistently better (p <0.05), with much lower (55% lower) pulmonary shunt during prone position (p=0.001), at equivalent PEEP levels in both groups. The perfusion studies confirmed a higher perfusion ( 2 times increment in specific perfusion) of the atelectatic lung tissue in supine position, without majors gravitational effects between both positions. Conclusions: The quantitative analysis of EIT and CT showed that for the same amount of collapsed lung tissue, the PaO2 was always lower in supine position, with higher pulmonary shunt and higher perfusion of the collapsed lung areas. We could not demonstrate any lung protective effect associated with prone positioning. Thus, these results suggest that prone position improves oxygenation and V/Q imbalances, but it does not attenuate the effects of gravity on the lung
De, Donno Giulia. "Three dimensional strain analysis of vertebrae with artificial metastases through digital volume correlation." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19911/.
Full textChen, Li-Guo, and 陳立國. "Comparison Radiation Dose between 64 and 256 Multislice Computed Tomography in Clinical Examination." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/583gg7.
Full text慈濟科技大學
放射醫學科學研究所
105
Abstract Computed tomography (CT) was introduced into clinical practice in 1972 to improve medical imaging resolution and disease diagnosis by providing axial slice images. In recent years, CT has evolved rapidly from single-slice CT to multislice computed tomography (MSCT); 64- and 256- MSCT with enhanced imaging quality are currently used in numerous large-scale medical centers although patients must receive an increased radiation dose. This study investigated radiation doses used in 64- and 256- MSCT, the results of which can serve as a reference for clinical examinations. In this study, a Rando phantom was employed; a thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) was used to map the absorbed dose distribution in the head, facial bone, heart, and abdomen of an irradiated adult Rando phantom. Additionally, the volume computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol), and the dose-length product (DLP) for head, heart, abdomen, and chest low-dose CT (LDCT) scans were assessed. The absorbed doses in the head and facial bone were compared using the TLD, CTDIvol, and an ionization chamber. We compared the absorbed doses in the head, heart, and LDCT using 64- and 256-MSCT with the radiation doses used in chest X-ray scans. The results revealed that, in 64-MSCT, the mean absorbed doses were 38.06 ± 2.66 mGy in the head, 25.36 ± 0.44 mGy in the facial bone, 8.21 ± 0.35 mGy in the heart, and 12.84 ± 3.82 mGy in the abdomen; the CTDIvol from the LDCT scan was 3.2 mGy. In 256-MSCT, the mean absorbed doses were 35.94 ± 1.79 mGy in the head, 10 ± 0.42 mGy in the facial bone, 6.05 ± 0.55 mGy in the heart, and 8.27 ± 0.67 mGy in the abdomen; the CTDIvol from the LDCT scan was 3.2 mGy. On the basis of these results, in both 64- and 256-MSCT, the head had the highest absorbed dose, whereas LDCT had the lowest absorbed doses in the facial bone, heart, and abdomen were significantly higher for 64-MSCT. Moreover, the absorbed doses in the head, heart, and LDCT scans for 64-MSCT were 5,542, 405, and 975 times as much as those for chest X-ray imaging, respectively; the absorbed doses in the head, heart, and LDCT scans for 256-MSCT were 5,250, 280, and 841 times as much as those for chest X-ray imaging, respectively. In summary, 256-MSCT effectively reduces the absorbed dose in patients and expedites examination.
Kuo, Yen-Shu, and 郭嬿姝. "Association between 64-multislice Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography and Occurrence of Coronary Artery Disease." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88058487977764874146.
Full text國立臺灣大學
預防醫學研究所
97
Background: The diagnostic accuracy of 64-multislice coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) regarding obstructive coronary artery disease has been demonstrated in previous studies compared with invasive coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasound. However, the prognostic performance remains to be further examined. Objectives: The study is aimed to assess the association between 64-multislice CCTA and occurrence of major cardiac events or death, and to evaluate the prognostic value of 64-multislice computed tomography coronary angiography compared with the Framingham risk score. Materials and Methods: The study retrospectively enrolled 425 patients who had undergone 64-multislice CCTA at single hospital in Northern Taiwan between May 2006 and December 2007. The severity of coronary atherosclerosis was determined by different CCTA indicators and the occurrence of severe cardiac events (revascularization after 90 days, unstable angina requiring hospitalization, myocardial infarct) or death were observed for mean follow up time of 22 months. The association between severity of coronary atherosclerosis on CCTA and the occurrence of severe cardiac events or death was analyzed using Cox proportional hazard regression model before and after adjustment. The prognostive value of 64-multislice CCTA was evaluated and compared with Framingham risk score using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under ROC curves analysis. Results: Increased hazard ratios were observed in cases with more advanced coronary atherosclerosis detected by computed tomography. After adjustment, the hazard ratios were 6.88 (95% confidence interval 1.27-37.25) for modified Duke CAD index 3-6, 6.11 (1.08-34.57) for segment stenosis score > 5, and 5.81 (1.44-23.44) for three-vessel plaque score 1. The hazard ratios were 13.76 (214-88.51) for two-vessel obstructive CAD [≧50% stenosis], 6.08 (1.06-34.81) for obstructive CAD [≧70%], and 8.01 (1.33-48.23) for one-vessel obstructive CAD [≧70%]. Regarding stenosis in proximal and middle segment arteries, the hazard ratios for middle or either proximal or middle segment stenosis [≧50%,≧70%] were 9.84 (2.33-41.66), 13.40 (2.60-69.06), and 6.73 (1.87-24.20) and 8.83 (2.36-33.04), respectively. Further stratification by sex, age, presence of symptoms or diabetes showed significant increase in hazard ratios in the followings: modified Duke CAD index 3-6, three-vessel plaque score 1, two-vessel CAD [≧50%], obstructive CAD [≧70%] and single-vessel CAD [≧70%] in male subgroup; Modified Duke CAD index 3-6, segment stenosis score > 5, three-vessel plaque score 1, two-vessel CAD [≧50%], obstructive CAD [≧70%] and single-vessel CAD [≧70%] in symptomatic subgroup; two-vessel CAD [≧50%] in non-diabetic subgroup. Sixty-four multislice CCTA significantly outperformed the Framingham risk score in predicting severe cardiac events and death. Among the CCTA indicators for severity of coronary atherosclerosis, segment stenosis score [either 0-48 or classified into 0, 1-5 and > 5], presence of obstructive CAD [≧50% or ≧70%] and modified Duke CAD index [classified into 0, 1-2, 3-6] were among the best performing indicators with sensitivity approaching 100% and specificity between 81-89%. Conclusions: The study demonstrated the positive association between severity of coronary atherosclerosis detected by 64-multislice CCTA and occurrence of severe cardiac events or death, and the outperforming prognostic value of 64-multislice CCTA compared with Framingham risk score.
Lee, Chien-Hao, and 李健豪. "Prior-Embedded Three-Dimensional Cell Competition Algorithm for Atherosclerotic Coronary Segmentation and Analysis in Multislice Computed Tomography." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97109611082055177269.
Full text國立臺灣大學
醫學工程學研究所
96
Elaborate studies have reported that multislice computed tomography (MSCT) appeared to make tremendous contributions and may be a standard imaging modality for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. However, clinical practice for dealing with MSCT coronary angiography placed major importance on experiences, subjectively extracting coronaries and quantifying atherosclerotic plaques in MSCT datasets, which is an extremely tedious task if done manually and may cause different diagnoses. Therefore, this study aims to propose a computer aided diagnosis system, which enables to detect the atherosclerotic coronary segments and plaques automatically without any operator dependent factors. A hybrid approach, called prior-embedded three-dimensional (3D) cell competition algorithm, is proposed in this study. It first decomposes the region-of-interest (ROI) into small homogeneous areas which are called cells, with features extracted by the model-based vessel tracking algorithm in it. Each cell uniquely defines a region at the very beginning. Based on a statistical energy function, all adjacent regions will compete against each other, merge or split simultaneously in a cell-by-cell fashion until a steady state is reached. Meantime, each region defines a prominent component and our object of interest is characterized by at least one of them, so that the plaques and the lumens throughout the coronary can be auto-identified by the prior information. Furthermore, this algorithm is designed with several valuable tools and a friendly user interface. All beneficial information such as statistical analyses and quantitative measurements will be provided to improve diagnostic accuracy. The proposed method was validated by 12 patients who were scheduled for MSCT coronary angiography in National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH). One of them also underwent intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) as a part of research protocol. Totally 12 MSCT datasets were examined in this study and the promising results were achieved. To make a comparative study and to strictly verify the proposed algorithm, the IVUS datum is in the process of making quantitative measurements in the department of medical imaging, NTUH.
Lee, Chien-Hao. "Prior-Embedded Three-Dimensional Cell Competition Algorithm for Atherosclerotic Coronary Segmentation and Analysis in Multislice Computed Tomography." 2008. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-1808200814435000.
Full textΘαλασσινού, Στέλλα. "Patient radiation dosimetry in MSCT examinations." Thesis, 2010. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/4592.
Full textΟι Υπολογιστικοί Τομογράφοι (ΥΤ) πολλαπλών τομών έχουν σημειώσει μεγάλη πρόοδο από την κλινική εφαρμογή τους στις αρχές του 1990. Λαμβάνοντας υπ’ όψιν ότι οι εξετάσεις ΥΤ συνεπάγονται υψηλή ακτινική επιβάρυνση του ασθενή, η μελέτη τους έχει συγκεντρώσει το ερευνητικό ενδιαφέρον της επιστημονικής κοινότητας. Η Διεθνής Επιτροπή Ακτινοπροστασίας (ICRP) επισημαίνει στην αναφορά Νο 87 ότι η απορροφούμενη δόση στους ιστούς από εξετάσεις ΥΤ είναι από τις υψηλότερες στη διαγνωστική ακτινολογία (10-100 mGy). Συνεπώς, σκοπός της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι ο υπολογισμός των δοσιμετρικών μεγεθών για τις συνήθεις εξετάσεις εγκεφάλου, θώρακος και άνω-κάτω κοιλίας, οι οποίες πραγματοποιούνται με τους ΥΤ πολλαπλών τομών Brilliance 16 και Βrilliance 64 της Philips στο Π.Γ.Ν “ΑΤΤΙΚΟΝ ”,καθώς επίσης και η σύγκριση των αντίστοιχων δόσεων μεταξύ των συγκεκριμένων ΥΤ. Οι ασθενείς που υποβάλλονται σε εξετάσεις θώρακος και άνω-κάτω κοιλίας που πραγματοποιούνται με ελικοειδή τεχνική λαμβάνουν επιπλέον δόση (overscan) που οφείλεται στην τεχνική αυτή. Η συνεισφορά του “overscan” είναι ιδιαίτερα σημαντική στους ΥΤ πολλαπλών τομών, οπότε επιπλέον στόχος αυτής της διπλωματικής είναι ο υπολογισμός της. Τέλος, πραγματοποιήθηκαν μετρήσεις της δόσης του θυρεοειδή και των φακών των οφθαλμών κατά την υποβολή ασθενών στη συνήθη εξέταση εγκεφάλου, τόσο στην περίπτωση παρουσίας των οφθαλμών εντός όσο και εκτός πεδίου ακτινοβόλησης.
Wu, Chia-Yuan, and 吳嘉元. "Evaluation of Multislice Computer Tomography Volumetric Analysis For Patients With Aortic Dissection." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39433459246866357859.
Full text中原大學
醫學工程研究所
97
Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of death in Taiwan, people has concerned about cardiovascular disease for very long time. Aortic dissection is a rare and dangerous condition associated with high morbidity and mortality, it is very important to reduce the treatment time. This research takes advantage of all sorts of different image analysis techniques applies them to the aortic dissection images from computer tomography use computer to identify the tissue damage area automatically in order to replace manual segmentation. In this study, five different edge detection algorithms ( namely Roberts algorithm, Sobel algorithm, Laplacian algorithm, Marr-Hildreth algorithm and Canny algorithm ) have been applied as preprocessor for aortic dissection edge detection. The gold standard and the area obtained by five different edge detection algorithms are analyzed using T test. The results of T test for Roberts, Sobel, Laplacian, Marr-Hildreth and Canny are 0.704, 0.741, 0.771, 0.752 and 0.811, respectively. Average error rate of Roberts, Sobel, Laplacian, Marr-Hildreth and Canny are 13.14%, 13.60%, 12.75%, 13.49% and 10.17%, respectively. The results indicate that the Canny algorithm generates most comparable result with less error when it is compated with doctors’ manual depiction aortic dissection area. It is a reliable method during research. Using Canny algorithm can reduce error caused by human intervene and reduce the process time significantly. The processed two-dimensional sections can be reconstructed using three-dimensional image reconstruction technique to accurately display the damaged volume and damaged area in the aortic tissue. This information can provide valuable reference for aortic dissection consultation and treatment basis.