Journal articles on the topic 'Municipal Census (1971)'

The article is devoted to the specifics and phenomena of the national policy of the USSR in relation to the indigenous peoples of the North, living in the 1920-1970s in the Evenk national (autonomous since 1977) okrug. The materials of the article were both research works on the topic of Soviet nationality policy, and published archival documents, data from statistical studies, such as the All-Russian Population Census. One of the highlighted areas of national policy discussed in this study is language policy, the role of which in public administration in relation to the indigenous small ethnic groups of the North, including Evenkia, is very significant. The indigenous peoples of the Evenk National / Autonomous Okrug are the Evenks and Kets. Today (according to the most recent All-Russian Population Census, conducted in 2010), the share of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North in the total population of the Evenk Municipal District of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, formerly the Evenk Autonomous District, is a fairly large percentage - 33.3%. The Evenks are the titular ethnic group of this territory and are widely settled, and the Kets live compactly in one settlement - the village of Sulomai. The study shows that the Soviet stage of the formation and implementation of the national policy towards indigenous peoples in the Evenk National / Autonomous Okrug (from the 1920s to the 1970s) contributed to the fact that these ethnic groups were singled out into a special category and became the object of systemic social protection. and public policy. At the same time, the historical consideration of decisions and measures for the management of the territory and population of Evenkia allows us to see the transition from a policy with an emphasis on the identity of these peoples to a policy of "Sovietization", the universalization of these territories and ethnic groups, which is paternalistic in nature and fulfills the tasks of assimilation of the indigenous population.

Dublin experienced a marked stagnation in population growth in the second half of the nineteenth century, accompanied by decaying infrastructure and poor public health. Historians have emphasized that this crisis was coupled with poor governance of the city of Dublin—manifested by eroding public services together with increasing tax burdens to counteract growing debt. This paper studies the municipal boundary expansion of Dublin in 1901, which occurred as a way to alleviate the city’s financial distress. It saw multiple relatively wealthy townships annexed by the city via royal order to increase Dublin’s tax base. Using a sample of census records matched to city streets, we show that wealthy residents and Protestant residents were more likely to leave annexed areas compared to areas that remained independent. Moreover, we offer anecdotal evidence that at least some of the wealthy Protestant households departing annexed townships sorted into jurisdictions that remained independent. Our findings offer support to arguments that the municipal annexation by the city of Dublin may have accelerated the decline of annexed areas in the early twentieth century and contributed to municipal fragmentation in metropolitan Dublin.

<p>Este estudio analiza la relación entre el gasto en el sector de justicia y la criminalidad en Colombia durante el siglo XX. Con tal propósito, se revisaron los presupuestos de gastos municipales que se destinaban al departamento de justicia, el registro de los delitos compilados anualmente por los anuarios de estadística de Colombia y los censos nacionales de población de 1918, 1938 y 1948. Entre otros hallazgos, se estableció que la decisión de los concejos municipales sobre el gasto en justicia afectó el desempeño y eficiencia en las instituciones judiciales y en el nivel de crimen.</p>

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between strategic management practices and service delivery in Garissa Municipality, Kenya. The specific objectives comprised of establishing the relationship between strategic planning, strategy implementation and strategy control and service delivery in Garissa Municipality, Kenya. The theories guiding the current study were survival-based theory, institutional theory and control theory. Methodology: The study was framed on a descriptive research approach. The research employed correlation research with a target population of 121 permanent staffs in Garissa Municipality drawn from 6 departments. The study employed a census method in which all 121 staff was the unit of observation. Data was collected by use of structured self-administered questionnaires. Descriptive statistics was employed to analyze data. Findings: The findings will help municipal authorities and service providers to understand the gaps in their current practices and take measures to enhance service quality. The study concludes that Garissa Municipality demonstrates both strengths and areas needing improvement in its strategic planning practices. Hitherto, strategic planning practices have not been optimized thus affecting the service delivery in Garissa Municipality. Regarding strategic implementation practices, there is diverse view regarding resource allocation effectiveness, suggesting a need for improvement. On strategy control and service delivery, while there is a general inclination towards alignment with strategic plans and budget adherence, there is notable variability in perceptions across different dimensions of strategy implementation. The organization should improve stakeholder engagement practices through diverse avenues. There is a need to clarify and effectively communicate the municipality's mission and vision to stakeholders. Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: Additionally, reviewing resource allocation processes to ensure effectiveness and efficiency is crucial. Implementing better mechanisms for budget planning and monitoring can align resources with strategic priorities and community needs. Efforts should also be made to address challenges in meeting timelines and adapting to changes during implementation. Developing robust monitoring and evaluation systems can track progress, identify bottlenecks and make timely adjustments as needed.

La región metropolitana conocida como “Grande São Paulo” estaba compuesta en 1980 por 37 municipios, y representaba cerca de 11% de la población brasileña y 51% del estado de São Paulo. Su rápido crecimiento en las últimas décadas estuvo íntimamente ligado a la cuestión migratoria. Este gran crecimiento y la concentración demográfica trajeron aparejada una profunda modificación en la distribución interna de la población en ese espacio. En este contexto, juegan un papel importante los movimientos migratorios intrametropolitanos que se traducen en la transferencia de miles de personas, sobre todo desde el centro (la capital), hacia los municipios de su alrededor, y en localidades cada vez más lejanas. Este estudio busca, a partir del censo de 1980, brindar un cuadro general de este tipo de migración, utilizando la información acerca del municipio de residencia anterior, por primera vez en los censos brasileños, que permite establecer los flujos migratorios intermunicipales internos; aspectos relativos a volúmenes, dirección y sentido de los movimientos, así como algunas características de los agentes involucrados. Del análisis empírico se pueden deducir por lo menos dos grandes conjuntos de motivaciones (o constreñimiento) para el cambio de municipio: aquellas ligadas a las formas de utilización del suelo urbano, en especial respecto al acceso a vivienda, y aquellas debidas a la reorganización de la actividad económica, y, por ende, del mercado de trabajo en el espacio metropolitano.

The article focuses on the Yekaterinburg city (Urals, Russia) population on the eve of the First World War. We argue that 1897 Census data, which remains the main source for estimating the late Imperial Russias urban population, are not relevant for the early 20th century Yekaterinburg. The results of population surveys of 1917-1922 largely affected by the socio-political crisis do not reflect the actual development of the city before entering the First World War. So the numbers of 50-70 thousands traditionally used to estimate Yekaterinburgs population on the eve of the WWI is a historiographic clich which should be corrected. Our research bases on critical analyses of the newly discovered and transcribed sources Perepis domovladeltcev (municipal survey of the house owners) run in October 1913 at the request of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and the aggregated data of the Adresnyi stol (residence registration office) of Yekaterinburg collected in November 1912, as well as local statistics and newspapers. Using source analysis, demographic reconstruction, and a historical-comparative method we reconstructed the population of Yekaterinburg in 1912-1913. Our analysis shows that the citys population exceeded 100 thousand already in 1912, which means that Yekaterinburg was a dynamically developing due to rapid urbanization and became one of the few Russia big (over 100000) cities on the eve of the WWI. While our results help better understanding of the pre-revolutionary Urals urbanization, it also raises the need to re-evaluate the price of the Revolution 1917 the city paid, for its population dropped drastically during the following crises and reached 100 thousand again only in 1926.

Em meio às mudanças ocorridas em toda era pós-moderna, o quadro demográfico, em especial nos países periféricos, tais como o Brasil, em muito foi afetado. Assim, o presente artigo tem como objetivo abordar um destes efeitos: o processo de esvaziamento populacional, que vem a assolar tantos entes municipais brasileiros, dentre eles, o município de Abatiá (PR), foco dessa pesquisa, que visa discorrer sobre as causas e consequências deste fenômeno. Para tanto, os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados foram: revisões bibliográficas, a partir de artigos, livros, periódicos online, dissertações; obtenção de dados populacionais indiretos fornecidos por órgãos oficiais, tais como o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) e o Instituto Paranaense de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (IPARDES); utilização de dados populacionais elaborados a partir dos censos demográficos de 1950 a 2010, entre outras fontes. Ficando evidenciado num primeiro momento o impacto dos processos agrários sobre o recorte estudado e, num segundo a hipótese da perpetuação destes por meio de mecanismos agora alheios ao município. Palavras-chave: Migração. Urbanização. Revolução Agrícola. Municipalismo. Território.

Significant changes in the library network development of Tambov region have occurred as a result of reforming the administrative-territorial division. The counties and townships abolition has led to a change of the libraries typology. The Central Provincial Library was first transformed into the Central District Library (before 1934), then - into the Central Municipal one (until 1937), and, finally, to the Regional one (in 1937). A specific feature of the period under review was opening a central library in each district (with a network of mobile libraries), as well as the organizing stationary libraries at enterprises and large state- and collective-farms. Urban population was mostly served by a network of trade union libraries, rural inhabitants - by a library network of the People's Commissariat of Education. In 1940 the number of public libraries in Tambov region reached 552, including 453 ones in the countryside. The network of public (mass) libraries included the following libraries: state district ones - 42, state municipal ones - 4, state rural ones - 102, state children ones - 7, village state public library and reading rooms - 158, public libraries at the regional culture houses and other club facilities - 12, collective-farm ones - 56, trade union ones - 131, public libraries of other agencies and organizations - 27. Strengthening ideological pressure on library services resulted in the tightening of censorship, mass withdrawal of the ideologically harmful literature. Collections of seized books marked «do not give masses» were created in the libraries as special funds. New editions entered the region in a limited number. In general, in the 1930s the book composition in the library stocks of Tambov region is characterized by the following data by branches of knowledge: anti-religious literature was 2,2%, social studies - 19,5%, natural science - 4,6%, applied sciences - 6,2%, agriculture - 5,1%, history and geography - 6,5%, fiction - 28,7%, others - 27,2%. The total library fund had not enough fiction and books on natural history, book sections on technology and agriculture needed accession. By the beginning of 1941 the amount of the public libraries fund in Tambov region was totaled 843,948 copies. To improve significantly the level of library service the nation-wide measures have been taken, among them were the following: Library Campaign, All-Union Library Census, All-Union competition for the best area on performing the librarianship in the countryside. They were aimed at drawing public attention to the serious problems existed in the librarianship. However, the Library Campaign was not properly developed in Tambov region. Scanty funding, general unpreparedness, inadequate qualifications of librarians and other factors affected negatively to achieve this goal.

Foodborne infections are widespread and growing public health problems in the world. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 : H7 is one of the most significant foodborne pathogens. This study was conducted to assess the occurrence and antibiogram of E. coli O157 : H7 from raw beef as well as hygienic and sanitary practices of meat handling in abattoir and retailer shops. Systematic random sampling technique and census methods were used to collect samples from abattoir and retailer shops, respectively. All tryptone soya broth preenriched carcass samples were subcultured onto MacConkey agar. Then, the bacterium confirmed as Escherichia coli using biochemical tests was streaked onto Sorbitol-MacConkey agar and incubated at 37°C for 24 hrs. Escherichia coli O157 : H7 was confirmed by latex agglutination kit. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility test of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 isolates was done against 13 antimicrobials. Hygiene and sanitation data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and observational checklist. Pearson Chi-square and Fisher’s exact two-tailed tests were performed and differences were considered significant at P ≤ 0.05. Out of 197 meat samples, 23.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 17.6–29.9%) and 9.1% (95% CI: 5.5–14.1%) were contaminated with Escherichia coli and Escherichia coli O157 : H7, respectively. There was a significant variation in the occurrence of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 between retailer shops (19.1%) and abattoir (7.2%) (P = 0.03). The study revealed that the municipal abattoir and retailer shops in Ambo town did not adhere to the required sanitation and hygienic standards. All Escherichia coli O157 : H7 isolates were susceptible to norfloxacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, and ceftazidime. However, all isolates were resistant to amoxicillin. Multidrug resistance was widespread and was found in 66.3% of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 isolates. The occurrence of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 was high. Therefore, fulfilling national and international meat safety requirements, training and monitoring of meat handlers, and rational use of antimicrobials are recommended

La migración es el desplazamiento con traslado de residencia de las personas desde un lugar de origen o de partida hacia a un lugar de destino o de llegada, que implica atravesar los límites de una división geográfica (UIECP y CELADE, 1985). Es un componente de la dinámica demográfica junto a la fecundidad y mortalidad, que contribuye doblemente a través de las entradas con la inmigración y con las salidas a través de la emigración. En las migraciones internas se incluye los desplazamientos de las personas que atraviesan los límites geográficos como las Divisiones Administrativas Mayores (DAM) y las Divisiones Administrativas Menores (DAME) que, si bien se compensan los desplazamientos de manera nacional, permite estimar los volúmenes, flujos, proporciones, saldos, tasas y características de la migración absoluta o reciente. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar, a manera de actualización, las principales niveles, tendencias y preferencias migratorias internas en Honduras en el periodo 1988-2013, medido a través de su cuantía y magnitud relativa, volúmenes, proporciones, saldos, tasas, flujos, lugares de atracción y expulsión, así como las nuevas configuraciones que están ocurriendo en los movimientos de las personas. La fuente de datos utilizada son los Censos de Población y Vivienda de Honduras (CNPV) de 1950 al 2013, en mayor medida tres, de los últimos veinticinco años. Los censos hondureños antes de 1974 utilizaron la modalidad de facto o de hecho, a partir de ese año han usado la modalidad de yure o de derecho e incluso los últimos dos han utilizado el concepto de hogar unidad doméstica. Esta investigación, con carácter descriptivo, pretende estudiar el fenómeno migratorio interno partiendo de datos censales que se generan de las bases de acceso abierto para construir o utilizar las matrices de migración a nivel de DAM (departamento) y DAME (municipio), tanto de la migración absoluta y reciente. Se utilizan tres preguntas básicas de los cuestionarios censales: lugar de nacimiento para la matriz de migración absoluta y lugar de residencia cinco años antes del censo para construir la matriz de migración reciente y, lugar de empadronamiento, para ambas matrices.

The paper analyses nine Roma families who lived in Stupnik Municipality; more precisely, in the villages of Žitarka and Razborišće, on the eve of World War II. The research draws from a questionnaire used by the municipal authorities in late August 1939 to survey and register the Roma men and women from those families, seeking to implement a policy of the Banovina authorities aimed at better controlling the migration of Roma people. Nowadays, these files are kept at the State Archives in Zagreb, in the holdings of the Administrative Municipality of Stupnik. The analysis of these data served as a basis for examining the demographic and socio-economic structure of individual Roma families in inter-war Croatia, more specifically, in the Banovina of Croatia. The first piece of data from the 1939 census of Stupnik Roma that can be analysed is their demographic structure. The average age of the total of 30 registered Roma was 26.9 years, which indicates a middle age structure. Roma parents were on average 35.2 years old, while the average age of their children was 16.4 years, which merely confirms their middle age structure. These data correspond to the age structure of Roma in other areas of inter-war Croatia, where approximately 44% of all Roma registered in the Sava Banovina in 1931 were between 20 and 59 years old. The family structure shows that the nine registered Roma families had an average of 3.5 members, while three families had no children. Almost all families consisted of a married couple with or without children, while only one family included a mother-in-law (husband›s mother). This file also reveals whether the Roma were legally married or lived in a “concubinage”, i.e. in an extramarital union. Half of the Roma couples were legally married, while the other half were unmarried. The issue of marriage legality is followed by the issue of their attitudes to religion, especially when it comes to the baptism of children. All Roma interviewed stated that they had been baptised, as well as their children, which suggests that the registered Roma from Stupnik were religious insofar as they and their children had been baptised, but the documents themselves provide no insight into their personal attitude toward religion. A review of the data from the Roma census enables an analysis of their economic position and migration routes. All registered Roma people stated that they were engaged in agriculture on small plots of land. When it comes to migration, it is important to point out that those Roma lived a sedentary lifestyle. Comparison between the birthplace of the registered Roma and the place of their residence in Stupnik municipality shows that they had been migrating only within the wider Zagreb area. In addition, data were collected on their plans to emigrate from their (Stupnik) municipality, with all registered Roma stating that they intended to stay in that area, which further underlines the high level of their social integration. The final question of the interviews with the Roma was related to military service. These data reveal that a part of the Roma served in the army during World War I, while the second part was declared unfit for the army, although some of them also took part in military operations during the war. The analysis of the above data leads to certain conclusions. In 1939, nine Roma families with a total of 27 members lived in Stupnik municipality. They were permanent residents of the villages of Žitarka and Razborišće. Their average age of 26 corresponds to the average age of registered Roma in the Sava Banovina. Most Roma families consisted of a mother and father with children, while only one of them included a mother-in-law. Half of the Roma partners were legally married, while the other half were unmarried or living in concubinage. It is interesting to note that all registered Roma had been baptised, which can be explained by a certain level of adaptation to the local environment. The analysis of the above data reveals that the majority of Roma households were engaged in agriculture, while a minor part were workers. The Stupnik authorities were particularly interested in where the Roma had immigrated from and whether they intended to stay or relocate. All registered Roma were born and lived near Stupnik municipality, mostly in the areas of Sv. Klara, Sv. Nedjelja and Samobor. The question concerning military service also reveals the attitude of the Roma towards state authorities. These data are diverse, too. While some stated that they had actively fought in World War I, others had been declared unfit. Further research into the history of the Stupnik Roma shows that the municipal authorities registered Roma twice in two years (in May 1940 and in July 1941). That was in line with the local provisions of official authorities for resolving the issue of relations with the Roma. Those Roma were also victims of the Ustasha genocidal policy of Roma extermination. In early June 1942, they were forcibly evicted and deported to the Jasenovac concentration camp, where they were killed. This historicaldemographic and socio-economic analysis of the Roma community in a certain area aims to contribute to a better understanding of the history of the Roma in Croatia.

La institución romana del domicilium convierte al sujeto en residente. Suele designar el lugar de residencia prolongada del incola o habitante que ha emigrado a una comunidad, por contraposición al municeps; por lo tanto, es un vínculo jurídico entre la ciudad y la persona que ha emigrado a ella. Frente a la expresión de la origo en los textos epigráficos, que es muy abundante, la manifestación del domicilo solo se hace de forma excepcional, en atención al escaso número de referencias conservadas, y su enunciación es muy similar a la que marca el origen. Palabras clave: domicilium, origo, ciudadano, epigrafía, latina.Topónimos: Imperio Romano.Periodo: Principado (27 a. C. – 284 d. C.) ABSTRACTThe Roman institution of the domicilium turns the subject into a resident. It usually designates the place of prolonged residence of the incola or inhabitant who has emigrated to a community, as opposed to the municeps. 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AbstractThe paper aims to analyse a statistical procedure for the definition of territorial indicators, such as the biometric function of life expectancy of citizens of a territory e0, applying a methodology of Top–Down spatial disaggregation, using census data from 2011 in Italy. Through spatial regressions with the methodology proposed in 1971 by Chow and Lin with the use of ISTAT elaborations of annual mortality tables, which are structured from the national level to the regional level, up to the smallest details of the main level, as a dependent variable and predictors a number k of census variables plus accidents in regression models, life expectancy can also be defined at municipal levels (not elaborated by ISTAT) and even at sub-municipal levels (Census Area). The structure of the 2011 census was characterized by 152 variables, collected with CAPI and universal CAWI survey on all the survey units, throughout the national territory, divided into administrative areas of competence and 402,677 more granular areas in census sections. This structure represents a very relevant and useful information asset for applying a spatial disaggregation of indicators, based on three fundamental assumptions: Structural similarity, whereby the aggregate model and the disaggregate model are structurally similar, i.e., the relationships between the variables are valid both at the aggregate (Top) and at the disaggregate (Down) level, with the consequence that the regression parameters are the same in the two models. Error similarity: for spatially correlated errors they present the same structure at both aggregate (Top) and disaggregate (Down) levels, significantly testing for zero spatial correlation; Reliable indicators: the variables in the regression models are efficient predictors at both aggregates (Top) and disaggregate (Down) levels, estimable from model efficiency tests. As we see in the following, compared to others, the best predictors of the census and income variables show us a good interaction in terms of active regressors on the estimation variable.

En algún momento de su historia poscolonial, el pueblo de San Luis Huexotla perdió el vínculo entre su organización comunitaria y el paisaje que la sustentaba. Esta pérdida se nota en el poblado actual.San Luis Huexotla se encuentra en el municipio de Texcoco, al oriente de la cuenca de México, en la llanura noroccidental de la Sierra Nevada, sobre la vertiente poniente, a una altitud entre los 2260 y 2400 msnm, a los 19° 28’ 52” latitud norte y 98° 51’ 59” longitud oeste. Se ubica a cuatro kilómetros al sureste de la ciudad de Texcoco.Es un poblado que tiene un núcleo urbano bien definido y que aún conserva pequeñas áreas agrícolas en el perímetro exterior. Cuenta con una población de unos 5000 habitantes, entre nativos e inmigrantes. En la actualidad sufre la presión de la conurbación con la ciudad de Texcoco, y desde 1970 no aparece en los censos de población como pueblo diferenciado de esta última, sino como una colonia más de la cabecera municipal.

AbstractIndia's census towns are determined by specific criteria, including a minimum population of 5,000, 75% male working population in non-primary sector, and a population density of 400 person km−2. The urban population has grown significantly between 1951 and 2011 (62.44 million to 377.1 million) with 186% increase of census towns. However, issues like land scarcity, rising living costs, and urban sprawl persist. The peri-urban area serves as a transitional region between rural and urban environments. The study assesses the development potentiality of Durgapur Municipal Corporation (DMC) peri-urban areas using various indicators, including population density, growth rate, household density, labor force, literacy rate, and basic activities. It aims to gain insights into the socio-economic status, infrastructure requirements, and growth opportunities for sustainable regional development. Techniques like TOPSIS, Moran's Index, and hotspot analysis are employed to visualize development concentration and analyze correlation coefficients. The study reveals that the western and southern sectors in DMC have higher development levels due to better accessibility with respect to both roadways and railways, proper availability of natural resources, and so on. This knowledge guides policymakers in developing sustainable, balanced, and equitable growth strategies.

El presente artículo tiene por objetivos medir la separación conyugal en Colombia para el periodo 1951-2015, y ofrecer una estimación corregida de la presencia de dicho fenómeno, a nivel municipal, a partir del Censo de 2005. Se aplican técnicas directas e indirectas para el cálculo del porcentaje de mujeres de 30 a 34 años que se encontraban separadas o divorciadas y, también, para aquellas que alguna vez habían experimentado dicho evento, sin importar su situación conyugal actual. Las fuentes empleadas fueron los Censos de población de 1951 a 2005 y las Encuestas Nacionales de Demografía y Salud para el periodo 1986-2015. Los resultados indican que, contrario al subregistro del Censo, la separación ha venido en aumento desde 1986 hasta llegar a un nivel de 34% en 2015. Sin embargo, existen variaciones territoriales importantes, siendo las regiones del Caribe, la Pacífica y la Amazonía/Orinoquía los lugares con los mayores niveles.

In April 1968, two Berkeley campus unions—the American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees (AFSCME) Local 1695 representing clerical, technical, and professional workers, and the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) Local 1570 representing graduate students—held a work-stoppage and a teach-in on “campus racism” to honor the memory of the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. who had been tragically assassinated in Memphis. Inspired by King's work and the AFSCME sanitation workers strike that he supported, the teach-in became a series of workshops that ultimately led to the development of a “white paper” with statistical data highlighting the ways the university harbored racism in its employment practices and in its admission of undergraduate and graduate students. Among its many demands, it called for the University: “to hire black, brown and red workers until the ratio of employees from these groups equals the ratio in the population; bring minority student enrollment and employment up to population ratios . . . publish the University census report showing the percentage of black, brown, and red employees by department; and make an additional report showing the classifications and promotions of black, brown, and red people in each department.”

<p>El fenómeno de la recuperación de la tierra por parte de los indígenas nasa, de la región norte del Cauca, fundamentalmente en los municipios de Toribío, Jambaló, Caloto, Santander de Quilichao y Corinto, comenzó en la década de 1970 y continúa en la actualidad, con sucesivas tomas en la zona plana de los municipios de Caloto y Corinto. Uno de los argumentos de las organizaciones indígenas es el creciente número de familias que no tienen acceso a la tierra, ni por la herencia familiar ni por la asignación de los cabildos. Este artículo explora el proceso de cambio sociodemográfico que haatravesado el municipio de Toribío en los últimos veintiún años, a partir de un análisis comparativo de los principales resultados de los censos de población del DANE de 1993 y el 2005 y de algunos resultados de la Encuesta piloto experimental indígena nasa sobre el buen vivir (Encuesta Nasa, 2014). Con base en esta última, se examina la relación existente entre las condiciones sociodemográficas y el acceso a la tierra de lasUnidades Domésticas y de Producción Nasa (UDPN) de los resguardos San Francisco, Tacueyó y Toribío, que componen el municipio de Toribío. Se sugiere que los cambios sociodemográficos recientes (crecimiento general de la población y aumento de las cohortes de edad productiva), en un territorio que no varía en extensión, han llevado al“estrangulamiento” de la tierra disponible en el municipio.</p>

Objetivo: analizar la dinámica poblacional que presenta la ciudad de Medellín y su población adulta mayor. Materiales y métodos: se efectuó un análisis descriptivo a los censos de población y vivienda de la ciudad de Medellín, según la información suministrada por el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE) de los años 1964, 1973, 1985 y los cálculos oficiales de proyección de la Subdirección de Metroinformación del Departamento Administrativo de Planeación Municipal para los años 1993-2005. Resultados y conclusiones: la ciudad de Medellín presenta un progresivo envejecimiento poblacional, evidenciado con el incremento de personas mayores de 30 años; el grupo de adultos mayores presentó un aumento de 2,3% entre 1964 y 2001; otros indicadores poblacionales registrados en la ciudad a través del tiempo son: el índice de envejecimiento, el cual pasó de 8 adultos mayores por cada 100 menores de 15 años en 1964 a 21 adultos mayores en el 2001; la esperanza de vida pasó de 60 años a mediados del siglo XX a 73 años en 2003; y el índice de estructura de la población activa muestra cómo las 25 generaciones de adultos activos (de 40 a 64 años) representan 66% de las 25 generaciones más jóvenes (de 15 a 39 años) en el año 2004.