Journal articles: 'Municipal solid waste incinerator residues'

1

Shaub, Walter M. "Municipal solid waste incinerator residues." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 20, no. 4 (1997): 295–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-3449(97)00026-8.

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VAITKUS, Audrius, Judita GRAŽULYTĖ, Viktoras VOROBJOVAS, Ovidijus ŠERNAS, and Rita KLEIZIENĖ. "POTENTIAL OF MSWI BOTTOM ASH TO BE USED AS AGGREGATE IN ROAD BUILDING MATERIALS." Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 13, no. 1 (2018): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bjrbe.2018.401.

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In the European Union, more than 140 million tonnes of municipal solid waste is incinerated annually. It generates about 30–40 million tonnes of residues known as municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash, which is typically landfilled. To deal with growing landfills, there is a need to utilize municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash as a building material. It has been known that municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash properties strongly depend on waste composition, which is directly influenced by people’s habits, economic policy, and technologies for metals recovery of bottom ash. Thus, municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash produced in a specific country or region has primarily to be tested to determine its physical and mechanical properties. The main aim of this study is to determine municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash physical and mechanical properties (aggregate particle size distribution, water content, oven-dried particle density, loose bulk density, Proctor density, optimal water content, California Bearing Ratio after and before soaking, permeability, Flakiness Index, Shape Index, percentage of crushed and broken surfaces, resistance to fragmentation (Los Angeles coefficient), water absorption and resistance to freezing and thawing). Municipal solid waste in-cinerator bottom ash produced in the waste-to-energy plant in Klaipėda (Lithuania) was used in this research. Ferrous and non-ferrous metals were separated after more than three months of municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash ageing in the atmosphere. The study showed promising results from considering municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash as possible aggregates for road building materials.

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Li, Min, Jun Xiang, Song Hu, et al. "Characterization of solid residues from municipal solid waste incinerator." Fuel 83, no. 10 (2004): 1397–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2004.01.005.

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Huang, Yucheng, Ji Chen, Shenjie Shi, Bin Li, Jialin Mo, and Qiang Tang. "Mechanical Properties of Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator (MSWI) Bottom Ash as Alternatives of Subgrade Materials." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (January 30, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9254516.

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The rapid development of industrialization, urbanization, and population of the society augments the rising amount of municipal solid waste (MSW). With the advantage of considerably reducing mass and volume of solid wastes and generating energy, the incineration is a widely used treatment method for MSW. During the incineration process, the organic substances contained in the wastes are combusted, and the massive residues are remained. Of the incineration residues, bottom ash takes up to 80–90%, and the remainders are fly ash along with air pollution control residues. Dealing with the municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash in a sustainable manner is the primary principle. Significantly, MSWI bottom ash has been successfully utilized in diverse beneficial applications in recent decades, especially in civil engineering applications. This paper investigates the mechanical properties and validity of MSWI bottom ash as applicable substitutes of conventional subgrade materials. For this reason, a series of direct shear and CBR tests are performed on specimens with different water contents and dry densities.

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Redin, L. Aae, M. Hjelt, and S. Marklund. "Co-combustion of shredder residues and municipal solid waste in a Swedish municipal solid waste incinerator." Waste Management & Research 19, no. 6 (2001): 518–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x0101900607.

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Ferrari, Stefano, Hasan Belevi, and Peter Baccini. "Chemical speciation of carbon in municipal solid waste incinerator residues." Waste Management 22, no. 3 (2002): 303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0956-053x(01)00049-6.

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Guarienti, Michela, Alessandra Gianoncelli, Elza Bontempi, et al. "Biosafe inertization of municipal solid waste incinerator residues by COSMOS technology." Journal of Hazardous Materials 279 (August 2014): 311–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.07.017.

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Bridle, T. R., P. L. Côté, T. W. Constable, and J. L. Fraser. "Evaluation of Heavy Metal Leachability from Solid Wastes." Water Science and Technology 19, no. 5-6 (1987): 1029–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0280.

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Future management options for residual inorganic solid wastes are likely to include land disposal. While the environmental ramifications of this option are now better understood, additional data is required to permit a thorough assessment of contaminant leachability from solid wastes. As part of this data gathering exercise, Environment Canada's Wastewater Technology Centre has been actively researching and developing test methods designed to measure intrinsic waste properties that affect contaminant leachability, such as metal solubilities and speciation. Based on this approach the leachability of heavy metals from sewage sludge, char and ash, municipal solid waste ashes, hazardous waste incinerator fly ashes, power plant ashes and a solidified synthetic waste were assessed. The results indicate that incineration of sewage sludge produces a benign ash with most of the metals speciated as insoluble oxides or silicates. By contrast, incineration of municipal solid waste or hazardous wastes produces fly ashes exhibiting significant metal leachability. Environmentally sensitive metals such as Cd, Zn, Ni and Cu in these fly ashes were readily leachable and probably speciated as water soluble chloride salts. The intrinsic properties approach appears to be an effective method of assessing waste leachability.

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Sabbas, T., A. Polettini, R. Pomi, et al. "Management of municipal solid waste incineration residues." Waste Management 23, no. 1 (2003): 61–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0956-053x(02)00161-7.

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Sakai, Shin-ichi, and Masakatsu Hiraoka. "Municipal solid waste incinerator residue recycling by thermal processes." Waste Management 20, no. 2-3 (2000): 249–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0956-053x(99)00315-3.

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Wild, S. R., D. J. Mitcheill, C. M. Yelland, and K. C. Jones. "Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Fly Ash as a Source of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) To the Environment." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 10, no. 1 (1992): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x9201000111.

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Arrested fly ash samples from most currently operating municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerators on the U.K. mainland have been analysed for polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The ashes have a mean ΣPAH content of about 227 μg kg -1. This is generally lower than concentrations observed in U.K. surface soils. Benzo-[ ghi]perylene was the most abundant individual compound, and the most frequently detected. The ΣPAH content of ashes does not appear to be related to incinerator type, but rather it is likely that poor gas phase combustion favours higher PAH levels. The significance of PAHs in ash residues and their possible fate following disposal to landfill are discussed.

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Kitamura, Hiroki, Masato Ueshima, Seungki Back, et al. "Impact of diatomite addition on lead immobilization in air pollution control residues from a municipal solid waste incinerator." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 29, no. 15 (2021): 21232–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17349-x.

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AbstractAir pollution control (APC) residues, which are known to be the byproducts of incineration treatment, exhibit a high leaching potential of toxic metals. Calcium silicate hydrate (C-S–H), which is a major hydration product of hardened cement and immobilizes toxic metal, can be formed by the reaction of Ca with pozzolanic Si in a highly alkaline environment. Toxic metals might be immobilized by the addition of pozzolanic material to APC residues (instead of using cement), which is a Ca source and provides an alkaline condition. In this study, diatomite, which mainly comprises amorphous silica (SiO2·nH2O), was investigated as a pozzolanic material for Pb immobilization in APC residues obtained from a municipal solid waste incinerator. APC residues were cured with and without the addition of diatomite at different temperatures. When diatomite was added to APC residues, pozzolanic phases such as C-S–H gel were formed via the consumption of Ca(OH)2 and CaClOH. Compared to APC residues cured without diatomite, the leaching of Pb decreased by 99% for APC residues cured for 14 days with 10% diatomite at 70 °C. The results of sequential chemical extraction showed that water-soluble Pb in APC residues was reduced from 10.3% to nearly zero by the pozzolanic reaction. Consequently, the leaching amount of Pb dropped below 0.3 mg/L (Japanese criteria for landfill disposal). Overall, these experiments provide promising results regarding the possibility of using diatomite for pretreating APC residues.

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Lemann, Martin, Rudolf Walder, and André Schwyn. "Heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration residues." Journal of Power Sources 57, no. 1-2 (1995): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-7753(95)02241-4.

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14

Hjelmar, Ole. "Disposal strategies for municipal solid waste incineration residues." Journal of Hazardous Materials 47, no. 1-3 (1996): 345–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3894(95)00111-5.

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Guarienti, Michela, Sdenka Moscoso Cardozo, Laura Borgese, et al. "COSMOS-rice technology abrogates the biotoxic effects of municipal solid waste incinerator residues." Environmental Pollution 214 (July 2016): 713–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.053.

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Liu, Alec, Fei Ren, Wenlin Yvonne Lin, and Jing-Yuan Wang. "A review of municipal solid waste environmental standards with a focus on incinerator residues." International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment 4, no. 2 (2015): 165–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsbe.2015.11.002.

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Kowalski, Piotr R., Monika Kasina, and Marek Michalik. "Metallic Elements Fractionation in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Residues." Energy Procedia 97 (November 2016): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2016.10.013.

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18

Keber, Sebastian, Thomas Schirmer, Tobias Elwert, and Daniel Goldmann. "Characterization of Fine Fractions from the Processing of Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ashes for the Potential Recovery of Valuable Metals." Minerals 10, no. 10 (2020): 838. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10100838.

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Municipal waste incinerator bottom ashes contain copper contents comparable to those of low-grade ores in addition to other valuable metals. While the processing of coarse fractions (>2 mm) is state of the art, the fines with their residual metal content are landfilled. This paper presents the results from a mineralogical characterization of fine fractions from the processing of municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ashes. From the results, possible approaches for a recovery of copper from the fine fraction are derived. Spatially resolved phase analysis reveals that the material contains a very heterogenic mixture of naturally occurring compounds as well as particles of alloys, metals, artificial oxides, and sulfides. The most interesting element to recover is copper. Copper can be found in the form of alloys, simple sulfides (XS), and oxides (XO). During the incineration process, new phases are generated that differ from natural ones and therefore can be called artificial minerals. Additionally, several components are partially altered due to oxidation, especially after the prolonged outside storage of the bottom ash. Crystalline silicate and glass particles are only sporadically enriched in Cu. Based on these results, different processing techniques are discussed. Due to the small particle size distribution and the physical and physico-chemical properties of the particles, flotation seems to be the most promising technique for the enrichment of copper from municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash (MSWI-BA) fine fractions.

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Quina, Margarida J., Marisa A. Almeida, Regina C. Santos, João C. Bordado, and Rosa M. Quinta-Ferreira. "Prediction of Solid Waste Incineration Residues Quantity for Valorization in Lightweight Aggregates." Materials Science Forum 514-516 (May 2006): 1731–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.1731.

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The recycling of wastes is nowadays a priority in terms of the EU policies. This study aims at the replacement of a certain percentage of clay (natural raw material) by residues produced in a municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) process referred as Air Pollution Control (APC) residues. The main objective of this work concerns the prediction of the quantity of the waste that can be valorized as lightweight aggregates (LWA). For this analysis the Riley diagram was considered, which consists in plotting the percentage concentration of the main oxides (SiO2, Al2O3, fluxing) in a ternary diagram. The fluxing is defined as the sum of Fe2O3+CaO+MgO+Na2O+K2O. Our results point out that no more than 5% of APC residues should be considered, since the main oxide composition of APC residues is far away from bloating area. A pre-washing treatment improved the waste characteristics being then possible to increase the amount of residue that can be incorporated in percentages below 10%. This theoretical analysis can save experimental work, since it allows the prediction of the maximum amount of wastes to be tested.

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Lin, Yen-Ching, Jui-Hung Yen, Shaik Khaja Lateef, Pui-Kwan Andy Hong, and Cheng-Fang Lin. "Characteristics of residual organics in municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash." Journal of Hazardous Materials 182, no. 1-3 (2010): 337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.06.037.

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Quina, Margarida J., Regina C. Santos, João C. Bordado, and Rosa M. Quinta-Ferreira. "Characterization of air pollution control residues produced in a municipal solid waste incinerator in Portugal." Journal of Hazardous Materials 152, no. 2 (2008): 853–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.07.055.

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Zhang, Rui Jing, and Yan Jun Hu. "Feasibility of Reutilizing Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Residues as Construction Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 164 (April 2012): 289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.164.289.

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Abstract: The presented study mainly focused on investigating detailed engineering properties of municipal solid waste incineration residues as road construction materials with different application classes. Also, the leachability of heavy metals and salts in the residues as a function of the ratio of liquid and solid was tested. The Chinese specifications about road construction materials were employed to evaluate the application capacity of the waste incineration residues. The obtained results indicate that bottom ash basically complies with the technical requirements for road base and sub-base materials with exception of the low compataclity and high organic content of the fine fraction. The toxicity test showed that bottom ash can satisfy the limit values of heavy metals and salts that was established by Chinese specification for hazard solid waste. For the application of the ash in road base, it should be mixed with other materials to improve the compataclity. Pretreatment of fine fraction of bottom ash to remove organic matter is necessary.

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Shimaoka, T., R. Zhang, and K. Watanabe. "Alterations of municipal solid waste incineration residues in a landfill." Waste Management 27, no. 10 (2007): 1444–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2007.03.011.

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Almeida, Filipe, José Ricardo Carneiro, and Maria de Lurdes Lopes. "Use of Incinerator Bottom Ash as a Recycled Aggregate in Contact with Nonwoven Geotextiles: Evaluation of Mechanical Damage Upon Installation." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (2020): 9156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219156.

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The recycling and reuse of materials is crucial to reducing the amount of generated waste and the exploitation of natural resources, contributing to achieving environmental sustainability. During the incineration process of municipal solid waste, a residue known as incinerator bottom ash is generated in considerable amounts, being important the development of solutions for its valorization. In this work, three nonwoven geotextiles were submitted to mechanical damage under repeated loading tests with incinerator bottom ash and, for comparison purposes, with three natural aggregates (sand 0/4, gravel 4/8 and tout-venant) and a standard aggregate (corundum). Damage assessment was carried out by monitoring the changes that occurred in the short-term tensile and puncture behaviors of the geotextiles. Results showed that the damage induced by incinerator bottom ash on the short-term mechanical behavior of the geotextiles tended to be lower than the damage induced by the natural aggregates or by the standard aggregate. Therefore, concerning the mechanical damage caused on geotextiles, there are good prospects for the use of incinerator bottom ash as a filling material in contact with those construction materials, thereby promoting its valorization.

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Bisinella, V., J. Nedenskov, Christian Riber, Tore Hulgaard, and Thomas H. Christensen. "Environmental assessment of amending the Amager Bakke incineration plant in Copenhagen with carbon capture and storage." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 40, no. 1 (2021): 79–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x211048125.

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Amending municipal solid waste incineration with carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a new approach that can reduce the climate change impacts of waste incineration. This study provides a detailed analysis of the consequences of amending the new Amager Bakke incinerator in Copenhagen (capacity: 600,000 tonnes waste per year) with CCS as a post-combustion technology. Emphasis is on the changes in the energy flows and outputs as well as the environmental performance of the plant; the latter is assessed by life cycle assessment. Amending Amager Bakke with CCS of the chosen configuration reduces the electricity output by 50% due to steam use by the capture unit, but introducing post-capture flue gas condensation increases the heat output utilized in the Copenhagen district heating system by 20%. Thus, the overall net energy efficiency is not affected. The CCS amendment reduces the fossil CO2 emissions to 40 kg CO2 per tonne of incinerated waste and stores 530 kg biogenic CO2 per tonne of incinerated waste. Potential developments in the composition of the residual waste incinerated or in the energy systems that Amager Bakke interacts with, do not question the benefits of the CCS amendment. In terms of climate change impacts, considering different waste composition and energy system scenarios, introducing CCS reduces in average the impact of Amager Bakke by 850 kg CO2-equivalents per tonne of incinerated waste. CCS increases the environmental impacts in other categories, but not in the same order of magnitude as the savings introduced within climate change.

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Brännvall, E., and J. Kumpiene. "Fly ash in landfill top covers – a review." Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 18, no. 1 (2016): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5em00419e.

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Li, Xiao-dong, Yong Ren, Sha-sha Ji, et al. "Emission characteristics of hazardous components in municipal solid waste incinerator residual ash." Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A 16, no. 4 (2015): 316–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/jzus.a1400142.

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Mantovani, Luciana, Mario Tribaudino, Chiara De Matteis, and Valerio Funari. "Particle Size and Potential Toxic Element Speciation in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI) Bottom Ash." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (2021): 1911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041911.

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The speciation of potentially toxic elements (PTE) in bottom ashes from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) and their relationship with grain size is investigated. The proposed enrichment of several potential toxic elements in lower sized grains is discussed, comparing the literature and new data on Parma’s waste incinerator. Results from X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), SEM-EDS, and XRD analyses on different grain size show (1) a positive Si-trend, correlated with grain size and few lithophile elements, such as Zr and Rb. In Parma, Al, K, Mg, and Fe also correlate with Si for the portion below 2 mm; (2) a Ca-trend, with a strong negative correlation with Si and a positive correlation with loss on ignition (LOI), S, Cl, Ti, Zn, Pb, and Sn. Mineralogical composition shows a little change in grain size, as in previous investigations, but with substantial differences in amorphous content. SEM-EDS analysis shows that the amorphous portion is highly heterogeneous, with portions coming from melting during incineration, residual glass, and unburnt loss on ignition (LOI). The above results show that PTE elements are either present as metals (such as Cu and Ni, or Zn, Pb and Sn) in carbonate, sulfate, and amorphous residual LOI portions.

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Ashraf, Muhammad Shoaib, Zaid Ghouleh, and Yixin Shao. "Production of eco-cement exclusively from municipal solid waste incineration residues." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 149 (October 2019): 332–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.06.018.

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Parés Viader, Raimon, Pernille Erland Jensen, and Lisbeth M. Ottosen. "Electrodialytic remediation of municipal solid waste incineration residues using different membranes." Chemosphere 169 (February 2017): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.11.047.

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Giro-Paloma, J., A. Maldonado-Alameda, J. Formosa, L. Barbieri, J. M. Chimenos, and I. Lancellotti. "Geopolymers based on the valorization of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration residues." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 251 (October 2017): 012125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/251/1/012125.

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Quina, Margarida J., João C. M. Bordado, and Rosa M. Quinta-Ferreira. "Percolation and batch leaching tests to assess release of inorganic pollutants from municipal solid waste incinerator residues." Waste Management 31, no. 2 (2011): 236–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2010.10.015.

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Funari, Valerio, Roberto Braga, Syed Nadeem Hussain Bokhari, Enrico Dinelli, and Thomas Meisel. "Solid residues from Italian municipal solid waste incinerators: A source for “critical” raw materials." Waste Management 45 (November 2015): 206–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2014.11.005.

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Araujo, Francisco, Hugo Fantucci, Everton Nunes, and Rafael M. Santos. "Geochemical Modeling Applied in Waste Disposal, and Its Relevance for Municipal Solid Waste Management." Minerals 10, no. 10 (2020): 846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10100846.

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Solid waste management is a challenge for municipalities mainly due to the increasing generation of residues worldwide. Much waste still ends up in landfills, either as a final disposal sink, or as a temporary yet long-term storage prior to eventual landfill mining. Through degradation and infiltration processes, these materials threaten groundwater, soil and the environment, invariably causing expressive societal concern. Waste managers, environmentalists and regulators alike focus upon predicting how these complex geochemical systems will evolve over decades. Geochemical modeling and transport simulation are commonly used to support the design, operation or characterization of these dynamic systems. In this targeted critical review of the literature over the last two decades concerning geochemical modeling applications to waste disposal (including municipal, incineration residue, and industrial), we have attempted to provide an assessment of the current state of knowledge in this field, supported by a comprehensive list of modeling methodologies and data analyses, relevant for municipal solid waste (MSW) management systems. The information provided is meant to be useful for specialists when planning, implementing or adapting MSW systems.

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Chen, Dan, Yingying Zhang, Yao Xu, et al. "Municipal solid waste incineration residues recycled for typical construction materials—a review." RSC Advances 12, no. 10 (2022): 6279–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra08050d.

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De Boom, Aurore, Jean-Emmanuel Aubert, and Marc Degrez. "Carbonation of municipal solid waste incineration electrostatic precipitator fly ashes in solution." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 32, no. 5 (2014): 406–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x14527637.

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Carbonation was applied to a Pb- and Zn-contaminated fraction of municipal solid waste incineration electrofilter fly ashes in order to reduce heavy metal leaching. Carbonation tests were performed in solution, by Na2CO3 addition or CO2 bubbling, and were compared with washing (with water only). The injection of CO2 during the washing did not modify the mineralogy, but the addition of Na2CO3 induced the reaction with anhydrite, forming calcite. Microprobe analyses showed that Pb and Zn contamination was rather diffuse and that the various treatments had no effect on Pb and Zn speciation in the residues. The leaching tests indicated that carbonation using Na2CO3 was successful because it gave a residue that could be considered as non-hazardous material. With CO2 bubbling, Pb and Zn leaching was strongly decreased compared with material washed with water alone, but the amount of chromium extracted became higher than the non-hazardous waste limits for landfilling.

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Tu, Xin, Liang Yu, Jianhua Yan, Kefa Cen, and Bruno G. Cheron. "Plasma Vitrification of Air Pollution Control Residues From Municipal Solid-Waste Incineration." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 38, no. 12 (2010): 3319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2010.2056939.

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Quina, Margarida J., João C. M. Bordado, and Rosa M. Quinta-Ferreira. "Chemical stabilization of air pollution control residues from municipal solid waste incineration." Journal of Hazardous Materials 179, no. 1-3 (2010): 382–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.03.016.

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Jung, C. H., T. Matsuto, N. Tanaka, and T. Okada. "Metal distribution in incineration residues of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Japan." Waste Management 24, no. 4 (2004): 381–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0956-053x(03)00137-5.

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40

Chansuvarn, Woravith. "Determination of Residual Heavy Metals in an Incinerator Bottom Ash from Municipal Solid Waste Power Plant." Applied Mechanics and Materials 901 (August 2020): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.901.65.

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Bottom ash is a part of by-product from the municipal solid waste power plants which is always a wider problem for the urban and rural communities due to its disposal plants may cause serious environmental pollution. This work was focused on the residual heavy metal in an incinerator bottom ash from the municipal waste power plant placed in Nongkham district, Bangkok. Four bottom ash samples were obtained in 2017. After drying and grounding, the bottom ash samples were prepared to clear solution with the microwave digestion technique using nitric, hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid under the heating program. The total residual heavy metals in the incinerator bottom ashes, such as lead, copper, zinc, and cadmium were determined by using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS) with deuterium background correction. The total concentration of lead, copper, zinc and cadmium were found in the range of 280.40-354.22mg kg-1, 365.35-524.45 mg kg-1, 1,527.25-2,074.34 mg kg-1, and 0.48-1.02 mg kg-1, respectively. The recovery of all metals was found in the range of 89.4-101.2% and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was to be 2.15-3.55 % (n=7). The concentration of zinc, copper, and lead was found high levels, while cadmium was low concentration. Heavy metals in solid waste material occur in different chemical forms and phases. The sample preparation based on the microwave digestion was successfully developed for the waste samples with a good reliability.

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Traber, D. "Petrology, Geochemistry and Leaching Behaviour of a High Temperature Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Residue." Mineralogical Magazine 62A, no. 3 (1998): 1533–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1998.62a.3.138.

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Ramos, Ana, Carlos Afonso Teixeira, and Abel Rouboa. "Environmental Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste by Two-Stage Plasma Gasification." Energies 12, no. 1 (2019): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12010137.

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Plasma gasification is a thermal treatment successfully applied to waste streams, especially for solid residues. It sets an upgrade to more common waste-to-energy (WtE) techniques as incineration or gasification, granting lower levels of pollutant emissions, less landfilled materials and higher conversion efficiencies and producer gas quality. A life cycle assessment (LCA) of plasma gasification for one ton of a defined stream of solid waste is presented and compared to the hypothetical outcomes of incineration, highlighting the need to implement such sustainable techniques rather than more polluting ones. CML 2001 methodology was applied, enabling the evaluation of eleven impact categories, all of them depicting avoided burdens for the environment. Enhanced efficiency and cleanliness were seen due to the plasma step and to the replacement of part of the electrical grid mix by the produced electricity. Plasma gasification presented an overall better performance than incineration, portraying savings in energy and material resources as well as lower emissions to freshwater. Additionally, lower amounts of air contaminants were seen as well as almost triple of the produced electricity.

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He, Pin-Jing, Qun-Ke Cao, Li-Ming Shao, and Duu-Jong Lee. "Aging of air pollution control residues from municipal solid waste incinerator: Role of water content on metal carbonation." Science of The Total Environment 359, no. 1-3 (2006): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.06.004.

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Zhang, Hong Yu, Qing Yuan Yang, and Guo Xue Li. "The Comprehensive Treatment Pattern of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Based on Category Classification of Beijing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 1696–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.1696.

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Detailed investigations on the physical composition and properties of MSW in the experimental districts revealed that high moisture and high percentage of kitchen waste are the main limiting factors in the recovery of recyclables. A new category classified system, according to which MSW was classified as kitchen waste, other waste and ash waste, was proposed of South Beijing. In addition, a corresponding MSW treatment pattern that involves all compost for kitchen waste, incineration for other waste and landfill, for ash waste and residues of composting and incineration were constituted to promote efficiency of waste disposal. The recycling rate, benefit cost ratios and the production rate of compost were improved about 65.0%, 31.6% and 82.9%, respectively. But the landfill capacity was reduced by 81.6% for the category classified MSW as compared with mixed collected pattern.

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Liu, Fang, Han-Qiao Liu, Guo-Xia Wei, et al. "Characteristics and Treatment Methods of Medical Waste Incinerator Fly Ash: A Review." Processes 6, no. 10 (2018): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr6100173.

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Medical waste incinerator fly ash (MWIFA) is quite different from municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash (MSWIFA) due to its special characteristics of high levels of chlorines, dioxins, carbon constituents, and heavy metals, which may cause irreversible harm to environment and human beings if managed improperly. However, treatment of MWIFA has rarely been specifically mentioned. In this review, various treatment techniques for MSWIFA, and their merits, demerits, applicability, and limitations for MWIFA are reviewed. Natural properties of MWIFA including the high contents of chlorine and carbonaceous matter that might affect the treatment effects of MWIFA are also depicted. Finally, several commendatory and feasible technologies such as roasting, residual carbon melting, the mechanochemical technique, flotation, and microwave treatment are recommended after an overall consideration of the special characteristics of MWIFA, balancing environmental, technological, economical information.

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Li, Xiao-dong, Yong Ren, Sha-sha Ji, et al. "Erratum to: Emission characteristics of hazardous components in municipal solid waste incinerator residual ash." Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A 16, no. 7 (2015): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/jzus.a14e0142.

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Sánchez Ascanio, L., K. A. Torres Correa, and D. A. Quintero-Coronel. "Thermo-economic analysis of the potential for electricity generation by integrating a Rankine cycle with municipal solid waste incineration." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2163, no. 1 (2022): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2163/1/012007.

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Abstract Municipal Solid Wastes generated by human activities increase as the population grows; in Ocaña city, Norte de Santander, Colombia, these wastes reach a monthly production of about 2660 tons, made up of 65.6% waste food, 15.3% plastics, 9.9% toilet paper, 3.6% paperboard, 2.6% textile residues, 1.6% paper, 0.8% wood wastes, and 0.1% rubber. This work estimates the energy potential from municipal solid wastes for electricity generation and their production costs. A multicriteria decision analysis allowed selecting the best technology for the wastes processing based on their energy content. For the evaluated criteria, the incineration process showed priority. A model developed in the engineering equation solver software allowed calculating the electrical energy potential by integrating the incineration process with a Rankine cycle. By implementing a thermo-economic assessment, the electricity generation costs were determined, where the inversion, installation, operation, and maintenance costs were considered. 1974 KW of electrical power with generation costs of $300/KWh and a payback period of 2.5 years show the feasibility of this process.

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Zanoletti, Alessandra, and Luca Ciacci. "The Reuse of Municipal Solid Waste Fly Ash as Flame Retardant Filler: A Preliminary Study." Sustainability 14, no. 4 (2022): 2038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14042038.

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The growing increase in the production of municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) ashes has led to the research of new possibilities to reuse these by-products. This work aims to use MSW fly ash (FA) as a flame retardant filler. The FA was stabilized according to a simple stabilization process involving the mixing of only different ashes: bottom ash (BA), flue gas desulphurization (FGD) residues and coal fly ash (CFA). Stabilized FA, calcite and commercial flame retardants were compared as additives in an epoxy resin or polypropylene (PP) matrix. The self-extinguish performance of fillers was evaluated by fire resistance tests: the vertical burning test (UL94-V) and glow wire test (GWT) at 750 °C and 850 °C. A life cycle assessment (LCA) evaluation was also performed to estimate the reduction in environmental impact related to the production of the flame retardant with stabilized FA. The results show that this new filler is a promising alternative to traditional flame retardant. The ignition time of composites with calcite was lower than the corresponding sample with FA. From an environmental point of view, the replacement of calcite in an epoxy resin matrix or commercial flame retardant in a PP matrix with stabilized FA allows for a reduction in the impact of about 24.1% and 49.5%, respectively.

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Sakanakura, Hirofumi. "Status of Resource Recycling of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Residues and Related Issues." Material Cycles and Waste Management Research 29, no. 5 (2018): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/mcwmr.29.339.

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Mueller, Sandra R., Ulrich Kral, and Patrick A. Wäger. "Developing material recovery projects: Lessons learned from processing municipal solid waste incineration residues." Journal of Cleaner Production 259 (June 2020): 120490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120490.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Municipal solid waste incinerator residues'

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