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Journal articles on the topic 'Murges'
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1
Luperto-Sinni, E., and A. Reina. "Données nouvelles sur la stratigraphie et les paléoenvironnements du Cénomanien des Murges (Italie Méridionale)." Géologie Méditerranéenne 21, no. 3 (1994): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/geolm.1994.1540.
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Mainz, Daniela, Ilja Quadt, and Dagmar Knebel-Mörsdorf. "Nuclear IE2 Structures Are Related to Viral DNA Replication Sites during Baculovirus Infection." Journal of Virology 76, no. 10 (May 15, 2002): 5198–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.10.5198-5207.2002.
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ABSTRACT The ie2 gene of Autographa californica multicapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus is 1 of the 10 baculovirus genes that have been identified as factors involved in viral DNA replication. IE2 is detectable in the nucleus as one of the major early-expressed proteins and exhibits a dynamic localization pattern during the infection cycle (D. Murges, I. Quadt, J. Schröer, and D. Knebel-Mörsdorf, Exp. Cell Res. 264:219-232, 2001). Here, we investigated whether IE2 localized to regions of viral DNA replication. After viral DNA was labeled with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), confocal imaging indicated that defined IE2 domains colocalized with viral DNA replication centers as soon as viral DNA replication was detectable. In addition, a subpopulation of IE2 structures colocalized with two further virus-encoded replication factors, late expression factor 3 (LEF-3) and the DNA binding protein (DBP). While DBP and LEF-3 structures always colocalized and enlarged simultaneously with viral DNA replication sites, only those IE2 structures that colocalized with replication sites also colocalized with DBP. Replication and transcription of DNA viruses in association with promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) oncogenic domains have been observed. By confocal imaging we demonstrated that the human PML colocalized with IE2. Triple staining revealed PML/IE2 domains in the vicinity of viral DNA replication centers, while IE2 alone colocalized with early replication sites, demonstrating that PML structures do not form common domains with viral DNA replication centers. Thus, we conclude that IE2 colocalizes alternately with PML and the sites of viral DNA replication. Small ubiquitin-like modifier SUMO-1 has been implicated in the nuclear distribution of PML. Similar to what was found for mammalian cells, small ubiquitin-like modifiers were recruited to PML domains in infected insect cells, which suggests that IE2 and PML colocalize in conserved cellular domains. In summary, our results support a model for IE2 as part of various functional sites in the nucleus that are connected with viral DNA replication.
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Repetskaya, Anna, and Sergey Gabeev. "Murder for Hire: Criminological Analysis of the Current Situation in the Russian Federation." Russian Journal of Criminology 14, no. 4 (August 31, 2020): 541–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2020.14(4).541-552.
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This article offers a criminological analysis of murders for hire, from the moment of their regulation in the current Criminal Code of the Russian Federation until 2019. Since the procedure of statistical registration of these crimes changed several times during this period, comparable indicators were presented based on these changes. The base period is from 2003 to 2019. In the course of criminological analysis, the authors used official statistical data and calculated the dynamics of absolute and relative indicators (growth rates, specific weight, intensity coefficient) of crimes of the studied type. As a result, the authors came to the following conclusions. In the Russian Federation, murder for hire is not a common crime: its share in the structure of murders over the past decade has not exceeded 0.15 %, although murders account for no more than 0.5 % in the overall structure of crime. The analysis of the dynamics of this crime revealed not only a steady downward trend in its quantitative indicators, but also a faster rate of decline in comparison with the dynamics of murders in general (the absolute number of criminal cases of murder for hire decreased 6 times during the examined period, while the absolute murder rate decreased only 4 times, and the rate of decline for the basic indicator of murder for hire was higher by 8.7 %). The coefficient of intensity of murders of this type during the examined period also decreased 6.5 times. The rate of decline in the indicators of assassinations committed by organized criminal groups and criminal communities was 2 times higher than the rate shown by the entire set of murders of this type. At the same time, the share of murders for hire committed with the use of firearms, explosive devices, and explosives has not actually changed, despite a six-fold decrease in absolute indicators. However, the share of such crimes is not dominant in the structure of homicides for hire. In addition, murder for hire is a crime with a higher degree of latency than manslaughter. At the same time, a complicated system of registering murders for hire under various indicators makes it possible to disguise the real situation with this crime.
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de Jong, Wiebe. "‘Makhosi a via (Chiefs Commit Ritual Murder)’ – Why ritual murders in Southern Africa should be seen as meaningful violence (and not senseless)." Afrika Focus 28, no. 2 (February 26, 2015): 9–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-02802002.
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Ritual or muti murder involves the practice wherein parts of the victim’s body are removed, usually while the victim is alive, for the purpose of making medicine to politically or economically strengthen those who use it. In this article it is argued that, in order to understand this ritual, we should focus on the cultural dynamics of ritual murder and perceive it as meaningful violence. There is, however, a growing tendency to understand ritual murders in rational, utilitarian terms, which has the inadvertent effect of missing the ‘thick description’ that may provide insight into the meaning of ritual murders and the question of why it persists in present-day society. As will be explained, with such an approach ritual murders can only appear as senseless. It cuts off the research at the point where it should actually start: with questions of meaning. By presenting historical and ethnographic evidence from South Africa, it is shown that ritual murders were once an accepted means of strengthening the king or chief, and as such, of preserving the whole society. It is argued that in the present day, people still practise ritual murders to politically or economically strengthen themselves, but that this point is neglected in public debate and the media. By focusing on two recent ritual murder cases, it is shown that this neglect has severe consequences for thinking about, and dealing with ritual murders.
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DeLisi, Matt, and H. Daniel Butler. "Murder as Importation: An Empirical Study of the Continuity of Homicide Offending From Community to Confinement." Homicide Studies 24, no. 4 (June 11, 2020): 398–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1088767920928106.
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Prison murder is the most severe form of institutional violence but its exceedingly low prevalence has limited prior research. Recent studies of prison murders make clear that serious, violent, and chronic career criminals are most likely to perpetrate inmate murders with equivocal evidence of the role of prior homicide offending on prison murder. Using retrospective administrative data from 1,005 prisoners selected from the southwestern United States, the current study examined whether homicide offending in the community is itself an importation factor that is useful for understanding prison murder and thus can be used to understand continuity in homicidal offending from the community to confinement context. Rare events logistic regression models found that individuals sentenced for first-degree murder are more likely to perpetrate prison murder. A separate rare events logistic regression model with any type of homicide commitment offense as a predictor provided similar findings suggesting these effects are robust to model specification. Given its gravity and fundamental threat to prison safety and security, we encourage data collection and additional research on prison murder and the inmates that perpetrate it.
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Edelstein, Arnon. "Cooling-Off Periods among Serial Killers." Journal of Psychology & Behavior Research 2, no. 1 (December 30, 2019): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jpbr.v2n1p1.
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Theory and empirical research in criminology have paid less attention to intermittency in offending, that is, the brief lapses and sporadic episodes of crime that occur at sometimes unpredictable intervals (Piquero, 2004). This is mainly due to the problem of defining this phenomenon in a common operational way that can be tested empirically. This has thus led to its abandonment in most contemporary definitions of serial murder (Osborn & Salfati, 2014). Most up-to-date definitions have recognized the fact that serial murders are committed as discrete events (Adjorlolo & Chan, 2014). While psychological, sociological, and geographical theories of serial murder can be used to explain cooling-off periods, none of these theories have, thus far, been used in an empirical study. This article examines the phenomenon of cooling-off periods in relation to serial murder. Although definitions of serial murder have changed over the years, there is a consensus that between every two murders there must be a cooling-off period (Homant & Kennedy, 2014; Morton & McNamara, 2005). Unlike previous research, our study, which is based on the Encyclopedia of Serial Killers (Newton, 2005) found that the longest cooling-off period is between the first and the third murders (i.e., a series). We offer some theoretical psychological explanations for this pattern, although we were unable to study it empirically. We conclude that it is less important how different scholars define cooling-off periods; the important thing is that this phenomenon exists and has meaning for understanding, profiling, and even forecasting the time of the next murder.
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Mihaljevic, Nikica. "L'eutanasia, la morte e l'importanza della corporeità in Accabadora di Michela Murgia." Revista Internacional de Culturas y Literaturas, no. 20 (2017): 188–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/ricl.2017.i20.14.
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In questo articolo esaminiamo, nel romanzo di Michela Murgia, l’omicidio che avviene in seguito all’atto di eutanasia, intesa come la cessazione di vita di una persona dalla parte di un’altra però senza classificare questo atto come un crimine ma concentrandosi principalmente sulle dinamiche e sugli aspetti ineludibili dell’atto. Murgia mette in contrasto la vita alla morte usando il personaggio di Accabadora, la quale, da un lato, termina la vita di personaggi, cambiando, allo stesso tempo, il corso naturale degli eventi, mentre, d’altra parte, prende in affidamento una bambina allo scopo di darle condizioni di vita migliori. Altrettanto importante, in questa analisi, è l’atteggiamento psicologico dei personaggi di Murgia, fortemente connesso con l’aspetto etico dell’atto, il quale inevitabilmente e contemporaneamente incoraggia le reazioni di altri personaggi.
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Borysenko, I., and O. Bululukov. "FEATURES OF TACTICAL DECISION-MAKING DURING THE INVESTIGATION OF SPECIFIC TYPES OF MURDERS." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 20, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2.2019.03.
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The main provisions of the methods for investigating murders related to the dismemberment of a corpse and the methods for investigating murders without a corpse in the context of tactical decision-making in order to disclose and investigate these crimes are considered.
The purpose of the article is to determine the features of tactical decision-making in the investigation of pointed murders. While considering the main provisions of the subject of the article, analysis and synthesis methods are used.
The main attention is paid to the peculiarities of tactical decision-making at the initial stage of the investigation of these murders. It is indicated that the tactical decision-making is due to factors related to the initial situation of the investigation which require the investigator to take an individual approach to using the available information about the crime. These factors are: 1) the presence of close ties between the victim and the offender; 2) the existence of an application for the disappearance of the victim; 3) a typical explanation for the disappearance of a person; 4) lack of data regarding the place of the murder; 5) lack of data regarding traces of the murder; 6) lack of data regarding the motive for the murder; 7) the absence of a corpse (parts of the corpse) at the initial stage of the investigation.
In the methods of investigating murders related to the dismemberment of a corpse, the features of tactical decision-making are influenced by the investigative situation that developed at the initial stage of the investigation. The article discusses four typical investigative situations. Attention is focused on the peculiarities of the tactical decision-making when planning an investigation, in particular, on the suggesting of investigative versions and their checking. Typical versions of the crime event put forward during the investigation of the murder are called.
In the methods of investigating murders without a corpse, the features of the tactical decision-making are manifested when conducting separate investigative (search) actions. The absence of a corpse at the initial stage of the investigation leads to significant mental activity, which is aimed at finding traces of the murder, the whereabouts of the corpse and identifying the suspect. Features of the tactical decision-making are shown in such investigative (search) actions as interrogation of persons close to the victim, inspection and search of the place of residence of the victim and his relatives. The negative circumstances that occur in the investigation and can be used in making tactical decisions to expose the suspect are named.
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Korg, V. "THE USE BY THE INVESTIGATOR OF THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE FORENSIC CHARACTERIZATION OF “CONTRACT” MURDERS WHEN INSPECTING THE SCENE." Criminalistics and Forensics, no. 64 (May 7, 2019): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.33994/kndise.2019.64.16.
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The article analyzes the scientific approaches to the conceptual apparatus of forensic characterization of crimes and suggests that the forensic characterization of “contract” murders be considered as a system of significant forensic information about the signs of the preparation of the organizer (“customer”) to commit a murder, the identity of the perpetrator, the identity of the victim, typical murder methods, the circumstances of its commission, typical traces of a crime, the use of which allows the investigator, taking into account the specific situation determine the inspection tasks of the scene, investigative techniques. The main elements of the forensic characterization of the “ordered” murder are considered. An important element of the forensic characterization is the method of murder, which includes a method of preparing for a crime, a method of committing murder, a method of hiding traces of murder. Knowledge by the investigator of typical methods of murder will contribute to promptness in the search for the murder weapon, the identity of the criminal, traces, physical evidence, the solution of the main tasks of inspecting the scene, and solving the crime in hot pursuit. Forensic knowledge of the investigator on the preparatory actions of the organizer, the stages of the preparation of the “customer” and the executor (killer) of the murder are essential for the investigation of the “ordered” murders. In the process of preparing for the murder, the “executor” plans in advance how to conceal traces of the murder. Identifying and fixing the material traces at the scene of the incident will help the investigator to simulate the “trail picture” of the “contract” murder, to put forward versions of the identity of the perpetrator, the person of the victim. Using the investigator, tactical rules, forensic recommendations when inspecting the scene of the incident will quickly reveal and investigate the “ordered” murder. Key words: forensic characteristic, typical method of killing “by order”, the preparatory action of the “customer”, the typical traces of the murder, a crime scene examination.
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Jaishankar, Karuppannan, Uma Sankary, and Dhorababu Dhayanand. "Victims of attempted murder in India: An analysis of impact of victimization and responses of criminal justice system." Temida 9, no. 2 (2006): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tem0602003j.
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The problem of murder is not new phenomenon in India. Today large number of murders, attempt to murder are occurring for financial gain, besides stranger killing is also increasing. An attempt in the present study has been made to understand the nature and extent of victimization of attempted murder from the Indian Context. The aim of this study is to fill the gap in the literature on victims of attempted murder; however, this study is not to make all encompassing empirical generalizations, but to understand the physical, financial, and psychological impact of victimization. Also the responses of the criminal justice system and the public are analyzed. The results show an extensive pattern of attempted murder victimization, though a sweeping generalization is not made due to certain limitations.
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Suhodubov, V. S. "PROBLEM STATEMENT FOR DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIFIC CRIMINALISTIC TECHNIQUE FOR INVESTIGATION ON MURDERS ASSOCIATED WITH HOUSING OCCUPANCY." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 18 (December 26, 2018): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2018.13.
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Prerequisites of separate criminalistic methodology (micromethods) development for investigating murders associated with occupancy of human housing are considered. Attention is drawn to the fact that among the factors that lead to the growth of crime in real estate market are social contradictions (market economy development and institution of private property, expansion of the apartment privatization market, ineffective work of law enforcement agencies, decline in citizens' well-being, etc.).
The essence and mechanism of this murder type is investigated, and the main signs of their commission are highlighted. It has been determined that the mechanism for committing murders involving the occupancy of housing includes: 1) actions of the directly injured regarding of housing occupancy and provoking murder commission; 2) actions accompanied by violations by officials (housing and operational organizations, notary offices, local governments and law enforcement agencies); 3) offender actions directly related to the murder commission of the person and housing occupancy. Peculiarities of the mechanism of investigated murder committing is that methods of committing in their structure (substantive part) can unclude following actions: 1) of active nature (infliction of bodily harm, using firearms and cold weapon etc.); 2) actions of active-passive nature (leaving in danger, inadequate discharge of responsibilities for health protection, failure to provide assistance to a person in a life-threatening condition, etc.).
Structural elements of a separate criminalistic methodology (micromethodics) for investigating murders associated with housing occupancy have been proposed, among which the following should be highlighted: 1) criminalistic description; 2) typical investigative situations; 3) circumstances to be clarified; 4) typical investigative versions; 5) interaction of the investigator with the operative search units; 6) tactics of investigative (search) actions.
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Robinson, Richard E. "Reply to “Forrester's Paradox”." Dialogue 25, no. 4 (1986): 765–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012217300049696.
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Forrester claims to have shown that a contradiction can be derived from a set of two apparently innocuous moral (or legal) rules together with standard deontic logic (SDL), a principle for adverbial detachment, and a statement of fact. Let l be a system of laws that has the following as immediate consequences:(1) It is obligatory* that Smith not murder Jones.(2) It is obligatory; that, if Smith murders Jones, then Smith murders Jones gently.
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Nesterov, Dmitriy A. "Colonial experience of intercultural interaction on the example of Indian wars of the 17th century." Samara Journal of Science 9, no. 2 (May 29, 2020): 168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv202204.
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This paper discusses European and American Indian responses to intercultural murders in colonial America in the seventeenth century. The main differences between the legal traditions of European settlers and American natives are identified. The main thing among them was the lack of institutionalized structures among Indian tribes and the existence of collective responsibility for the crime when the whole clan of the offender was punished. In this historical period many Indian tribes tried to replace the principle of blood feud by the cost of various commodities, arbitrage on the part of the sachems, condolence ceremonies etc. The main problem of responses to intercultural murders was the unwillingness of the parties to agree on one common jurisdiction. In this regard, any murder involving any Indian or European had an opportunity to turn into a mass conflict or even a war. The first case was the murder of the English captain John Stone, gave rise to the beginning of the Pequot War. The second case was the murder of the Indian Christian John Sassamon. In this case the colonists first declared that they had the right to judge and condemn the Indians in accordance with the English standards of justice. All this led directly to the conflict known as the King Philips War. These intercultural murders were one of the ways to expand the territories of the European colonies and strengthening of the settlers power in the region.
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Moen, Melanie Carmen. "Characteristics for the Identification of Children Who Commit Family Murder in South Africa." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 35, no. 21-22 (June 29, 2017): 4796–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260517717493.
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Children who commit family murder have been increasingly reported on in the South African media. Violence of this type has far-reaching consequences for families and communities. In this qualitative study, nine documented cases of children who committed family murder were analyzed to gain an in-depth understanding of the factors that contribute to children murdering family members. The personal and systemic reasons for these types of murders guided the research. The Interpersonal Parental Acceptance-Rejection Theory (IPARTheory) was used as theoretical framework. The researcher argues that the quality of the interaction between the parent and the child, as well as individual differences within a specific environment, is central to committing family member murder. A narrative summary of the general characteristics of children who kill a family member was compiled. In this study, the children were predominantly exposed to dysfunctional family environments characterized by problematic attachment to the caregiver/s, rejection, abuse, and extreme parenting styles. The parenting styles were often extremely authoritarian or in some cases permissive. The caregivers often expected the child to conform to their idea of the ideal child, and nonconformance resulted in punishment and rejection. These children presented with interpersonal relationship problems, anxiety, and aggression, and fantasized about escaping their challenging home environments. In some of the cases, the children abused alcohol and drugs. In only a few of the cases, signs of antisocial personality disorder were present. The family murders committed by children were predominantly committed by males. The weapons used in the murders were often everyday objects available in the environment. In this study, it was important to note that children who commit family murder have unique backgrounds and circumstances. Therefore, the characteristics discussed in this article only serve as a guideline to understanding these children.
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Jacquesson, Svetlana. "The Time of Dishonour: Land and Murder under Colonial Rule in the Tian Shan." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 55, no. 4-5 (2012): 664–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685209-12341271.
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Abstract In this article I try to uncover the reasons for false accusations of murder, instigated murders, and staged murders among the Tian Shan Kyrgyz under Russian colonial rule. Towards this end, I read, contrapuntally, field data, ethnohistorical accounts, colonial statutory laws, and colonial ethnography. I argue that colonial interventions—namely, the hybrid adjudication of murders, the newly designed system of self-government, and the imposition of an arbitrary land-rights regime—correlated in unexpected ways and triggered instigated and staged murders and false accusations of murder as an extreme recourse in defence of land-use rights. I conclude by relating the particular legal setting of Russian colonial rule to its representation as “the time of dishonour.” Dans cet article j’essaie d’élucider les fausses accusations de meurtre, les meurtres prémédités et les meurtres simulés attestés parmi les Kirghiz du Tian Shan à l’époque colonial. A cette fin, j’analyse des récits ethno-historiques, les lois statutaires coloniales et les écrits des ethnographes coloniaux. Je soutiens que des interventions coloniales, telles le jugement hybride des meurtres, le système d’auto-gouvernance nouvellement introduit et la gestion ambiguë de la terre, se combinent de façon inattendue pour produire les meurtres bizarres comme ultime remède aux injustices terriennes. Dans les conclusions, je relie l’environnement légal de la domination coloniale à sa représentation comme “le temps de déshonneur.”
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Wilson, David, Elizabeth Yardley, and Sarah Pemberton. "The ‘Dunblane massacre’ as a ‘photosensitive plate’." Crime, Media, Culture: An International Journal 13, no. 1 (May 10, 2016): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1741659016644842.
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This article seeks to understand the mass murders that took place at Dunblane in 1996 and to consider if we might see aspects of this mass shooting as prophetic of other mass murders, such as those that took place at Columbine, Sandy Hook and on Utoya Island. It does this by using what we describe as a ‘criminological autopsy’ about the shootings and, in doing so, considers why this mass murder – still the worst in British history – has rarely been considered within criminology.
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Kodirova, Zaynab Bakoevna. "Mystery and suspense in The ABC Murders." International Journal on Integrated Education 3, no. 1 (February 3, 2020): 186–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i1.313.
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The ABC Murders is a novel about a serial murderer who kills his victims in an alphabetical order. What seems as actions of a murderous maniac is, however, a carefully elaborate murder plan whose motive is completely different from alleged motive. The ABC Murders is an atypical story of Agatha Christie. Murders in her novels are usually committed in private places where readers soon know everybody who could be a murderer. However, Franklin Clarke, a murderer in this novel, appears for the first time in the middle of the story. Murders are done in public places and victims seem to have nothing in common except for the fact that they are killed in an alphabetical order. Moreover, the murderer is not so much the least likely suspect as never suspected at all
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Fitri, Rahayu, and Wahyudi Rahmat. "Inclusion of Murder News in the Posmetro Padang Daily Newspaper: A Study of Critical Discourse Analysis." Humaniora 8, no. 4 (October 31, 2017): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v8i4.4221.
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The purposes of this research were to describe the marginalized of the murder news and the process of inclusion of the murder news in the Posmetro Padang daily newspaper. The research applied a descriptive qualitative method. The object of this research was the inclusion strategy of the murder news in the paper. This occurred through three strategies; they were the differentiation strategy, objectivation-abstraction, and assimilation-individualization. The results of this research are the most journalists of murder news in Posmetro Padang daily newspaper try impartially and the perpetrators, as if the offender is a party that is good and right, while those who fall victim as a marginalized and regarded as the bad news. The inclusion of seven murders news that has been analyzed and published in the Posmetro Padang daily newspaper.
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Maake, Nhlanhla. "‘Murder they cried’: revisiting diretlo—medicine murders in literature." South African Journal of African Languages 18, no. 4 (January 1998): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02572117.1998.10587196.
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Tumewu, Christian A., F. N. Sompie, F. R. Wolayan, and Y. H. S. Kowel. "PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN DAUN MURBEI (Morus alba) SEGAR SEBAGAI PENGGANTI SEBAGIAN RANSUM TERHADAP PERFORMANS BROILER." ZOOTEC 35, no. 2 (September 26, 2015): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.36.1.2016.9423.
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THE EFFECT OF FRESH MURBEI (Morus alba ) LEAF INCLUSION IN THE DIETS ON BROILER CHICKEN PERFORMANCE. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of inclusion of fresh Murbey leaf (Morus alba) substituting part of diets on broiler chicken performance. Sixty broiler chicken aged 3 weeks were used in the present study. The dietary treatments were in Completely Randomized Design arrangement with 4 treatments and 5 replications. Treatments were fresh Murbey leaf (Morus alba) with several levels of inclusion in the diets (R0 = 0%, R1 = 2%, R2 = 4%, dan R3 = 6%). Parameters measured were: daily feed consumption, daily gain, and feed conversion ratio (FCR). All data was submitted to the ANOVA procedure for completely randomized design. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05. Tukey's significant difference test was used to compare means. Research results showed that treatments gave a significant effect on parameters measured. The inclusion of fresh Murbey leaf (Morus alba) of up to 6% in the diets significantly (P < 0.05) increased daily feed consumption, but significantly (P < 0.05) decreased daily gain, and significantly (P < 0.05) increased feed conversion ratio of brolier chicken in this experiment. It can be concluded that the inclusion of fresh Murbey leaf (Morus alba) of up to 4% in the diets gave the best broiler performance. Key words: Fresh Murbei (Morus alba), Daily feed consumption, Daily gain, Feed conversion ratio, Broiler performance
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Lance, Justin Earl. "Conditional Cash Transfers and the Effect on Recent Murder Rates in Brazil and Mexico." Latin American Politics and Society 56, no. 01 (2014): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2014.00221.x.
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Abstract This article examines whether conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs have had a significant effect on reducing murder rates in Mexico and Brazil, using time-series municipal-level data on murders in both countries. The findings, over the period 2005–8, show that the greater the proportion of beneficiaries enrolled in a CCT program in each municipality, the lower the number of murders. There are, however, important differences between the two countries, with a much larger effect in Brazil than in Mexico. This holds even when controlling for GDP and levels of development.
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Шеленіна, К. Г. "Typical Murders Committed by Convicts in Prisons." Law and Safety 73, no. 2 (June 21, 2019): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/pb.2019.2.14.
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One of the main elements of the forensic characteristics of murders committed by convicts in prisons is the modus operandi.
It has been noted that the modus operandi and tools used in the commission of a crime are very important elements of the forensic characteristics of crimes. This is due to the fact that they are the main trace elements of the forensic characteristics of any crime and act as a “key” for the investigation of criminal offenses.
Various views on the concept of “modus operandi” that exist in the forensic literature have been studied.
It has been emphasized that the modus operandi of murders has the uniform structure that is inherent in all types of crimes, different from each other by the object of the attack.
The author has supported the position of scholars in the forensic field, who offer to distinguish certain stages in the modus operandi (mechanism of criminal action); in particular, the following three stages have been distinguished in relation to murders committed by convicts in prisons: the preparatory stage, the stage of the murder, the stage of concealing the crime. At the same time the author understands the method of murder as the system of certain actions, methods, techniques used by the killer to achieve a criminal purpose. Thus, the method of murder involves three components: the method of preparation, the method of commission, and the method of concealing the crime.
It has been emphasized that it is impossible to determine an exhaustive list of methods of preparing, committing and concealing murders by convicts in prisons, since each of the methods is individual and has its own specific features. The specificity of the methods is due to the specificity of the crime’s subject (convicted), the circumstances of the offense, the victim, the limited choice of tools. The choice of the method also depends on the criminal record of the offender.
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Mondello, Cristina, Luigi Cardia, and Elvira Ventura Spagnolo. "Killing methods in Sicilian Mafia families." Medico-Legal Journal 87, no. 1 (February 21, 2019): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025817218823675.
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The Sicilian Mafia is a criminal organisation founded in Sicily which is an island south of the Italian mainland in the Mediterranean Sea. Until recently, this organization was responsible for many murders and bombings. However, recently, based on the investigations known as the “Mare Nostrum” operation, the Supreme Court convicted 67 people and sent them to prison. Some defendants were found guilty of as many as 39 murders. This article reviews the forensic analysis that was used when investigating responsibility for these Mafia murders. Our review is based on the court documents and the ballistic investigations which were carried out to evaluate the reliability of “repented” or “pentiti” statements. The murder victims were almost all men but one was a woman all of whom had gunshot lesions; in many cases, the fatal injuries were to the head and face. Ballistic analysis showed that in more than half of these murders, more than one weapon was used. In conclusion, the forensic analysis of the murders shows the Sicilian inter-families’ dynamics and their characteristic operating methods.
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Shapoval, K. А. "Determining the Concept and Structure of Forensic Characteristics of Murders Committed in Connection with Domestic Violence." Law and Safety 76, no. 1 (February 20, 2020): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/pb.2020.1.17.
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Ukraine continues to work actively to combat domestic violence. The most serious crime that can be committed in this direction is murder, which was preceded by all kinds of domestic violence. There are innovations in criminal law aimed at protecting people from domestic violence. However, murders committed in connection with its use are not legally separated into a certain group of murders and have no qualifying features. In particular, there is no forensic characteristic of murders committed in connection with domestic violence.
The purpose of the work is to define the concept, forensic characteristics of murders committed in connection with domestic violence, and its constituent elements. The general to partial method is used to establish the elements of the forensic characteristics of murders committed in connection with domestic violence. The forensic characteristics of all intentional homicides were taken as the basis. Besides, the author has carried out analysis of the main elements that assisted to distinguish these murders into a separate group, their mandatory features, namely family ties, the place of murder’s commission and the systematic use of domestic violence.
Based on the analysis of scientific research, we have identified the concept of forensic characteristics of murders committed in connection with domestic violence, the constituent elements of the structure of forensic characteristics of such murders and their role in the investigation of criminal offenses.
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Zugibe, Frederick T., and James T. Costello. "The Iceman Murder: One of a Series of Contract Murders." Journal of Forensic Sciences 38, no. 6 (November 1, 1993): 13544J. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jfs13544j.
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Bryceson, Deborah Fahy, Jesper Bosse Jønsson, and Richard Sherrington. "Miners' magic: artisanal mining, the albino fetish and murder in Tanzania." Journal of Modern African Studies 48, no. 3 (August 18, 2010): 353–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x10000303.
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ABSTRACTA series of murders of albinos in Tanzania's north-west mining frontier has been shrouded in a discourse of primitivism by the international and national press, sidestepping the significance of the contextual circumstances of an artisanal mining boom firmly embedded in a global commodity chain and local profit maximisation. The murders are connected to gold and diamond miners' efforts to secure lucky charms for finding minerals and protection against danger while mining. Through the concept of fetish creation, this article interrogates the agency of those involved in the murders: the miners who purchase the albino charms, thewagangahealers renowned for their healing, divination and sorcery skills who prescribe and sell the charms, and the albino murder victims. The agrarian background, miners' ambitions and a clash of values comprise our starting point for understanding the victimisation of albinos.
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Spies, Amanda. "The portrayal of victims of intimate femicide in the South African media." Journal of African Media Studies 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 41–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jams_00010_1.
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This article reflects on the murders of Reeva Steenkamp (2013), Jayde Panayiotou (2015), Susan Rhode (2016) and Karabo Mokoena (2017) and questions how victims of intimate femicide are portrayed in the South African media. Media reporting on intimate femicide clearly illustrates how the murder of women by their intimate partners, are framed as isolated incidents rather than a systemic problem situated within a social context of male dominance. It is therefore increasingly important to understand how the media portrays victimhood and violence. This article explores how the murder of women by their partners are rarely classified as femicide, and how the media’s portrayal of these murders fails to convey the systemic nature of violence against women that also entrenches racial and class-based oppression by seemingly valuing some lives more than others. The focus is on the power of the media to obscure the nature of intimate partner violence, which entrenches a notion of ideal victimhood. In conclusion, the South African government’s response to this form of violence is explored, and the need for responsible reporting is called for in reporting on cases of intimate femicide.
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Reavis, James A. "Serial Murder of Four Victims, of Both Genders and Different Ethnicities, by an Ordained Baptist Minister." Case Reports in Psychiatry 2011 (2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/163403.
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A case of a 61-year-old African-American male who sexually assaulted and murdered four individuals, of different ethnicities and both genders, is reported. The subject additionally engaged in sexual activity with each victim postmortem. Each murder is reviewed in detail, and the subjective state of the offender during the murders is commented upon. Psychological test data are reviewed. The subject met criteria for several Axis I disorders, including Bipolar I Disorder, Pedophilia, and Sexual Sadism, and met criteria for Axis II diagnoses of Narcissistic and Antisocial Personality disorder. He was additionally classified as a Psychopath, which, in combination with his Sexual Sadism, general psychiatric state, and exquisite sensitivity to humiliation, led to his decision to murder.
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Перепелиця, М. М. "ОПЕРАТИВНО-РОЗШУКОВА ПРОТИДІЯ СЕРІЙНИМ УБИВСТВАМ, ВЧИНЮВАНИМ СЕКСУАЛЬНИМИ МАНІЯКАМИ." Наукові праці Національного університету “Одеська юридична академія” 14 (May 23, 2019): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32837/npnuola.v14i0.345.
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У статті проаналізовано особливості оперативно-розшукової протидії серійним убивствам, які вчиняються сексуальними маніяками. Наведено визначення серійного вбивства та класифікацію осіб, які їх вчиняють. Охарактеризовано типову поведінку сексуальних маніяків, надано їх психологічний портрет. Запропоновано комплекс заходів, які потрібно вживати оперативним підрозділам для протидії серійним убивствам. Проаналізовано відповідні попереджувальні механізми оперативно-розшукового характеру. Обґрунтовано потребу в додаткових функціях аналітичних підрозділів щодо протидії серійним сексуальним убивствам.
In the article features are analyzed of operatively-search counteraction of serial murders, committed by sexual maniacs. The meaning of serial murder and classification of persons which are committed them is resulted. The typical conduct of sexual maniacs, their psychological portrait, is described. The complex of measures which must be carried out by operative subdivisions for counteraction ot serial murders is ottered. The proper preventive mechanisms of operatively-search character ore analyzed. The necessity of additional functions for analytical subdivisions is grounded on counteraction of serial sexual murders.
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Berry, M. J. "Should Publishers and Authors be more responsible?" Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 5 (May 31, 2020): 314–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.75.8174.
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Should publishers adopt a more responsible role when publishing books that name individuals as killers in major unsolved murder cases? This paper explores what could be described as “trial by authors” and the implications this has for victims; and their families; the alleged offenders and their families and the wider Society. It will use the case of the Hammersmith Nude Murders of six female prostitutes, where six books written by six authors identified five different killers and the implications of their naming potential killers. The sexual murders occurred in and around London’s Hammersmith during 1964 to 1965. Nobody was ever convicted. This writer argues that publishers should exercise some control over publishing what would be libellous if the identified individual was still alive.
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Shatalov, Denys. "NON-NIPPED MEMORY. THE HOLOCAUST IN THE SOVIET WAR MEMOIRS." ПРОБЛЕМИ ІСТОРІЇ ГОЛОКОСТУ: Український вимір 10 (December 15, 2018): 127–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33124/hsuf.2018.10.05.
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The article addresses the presentation of the mass murder of Jews during WWII in the Soviet printed production. An overall trend of ignoring the topic of the Holocaust in the Soviet media discourse is unquestioned. Yet, (non)presentation of the mass destruction of Jews in the Soviet literature, which is commonly emphasized by the researches, needs clarification. If we look at the Soviet literature on the Great Patriotic War (including fiction prose), we can trace a phenomenon described in this article through war memoirs. Alongside official ignoring of the Holocaust in the Soviet Union, the whole post-war period experienced mass publishing and re-publishing of memoir books which provided direct references to the murder of Jews by the Nazis during the war. Herewith, combatants’ memoirs would often touch very briefly on the murders of Jews, but give no explanations. Such reference style implies that the authors targeted the readers’ background awareness. Detailed descriptions of Jewish discrimination, segregation, getthoisation and murder are found in the memoirs of former prisoners of war and partisans. The account of Nazi persecution of the Jews is an integral part of the stories of everyday life in the occupied territory, which often represents the major piece of the narrative. Under certain ideology, the mention of the murders of Jews was intentionally instrumentalized by the Soviet memoir writers seeking to demonstrate a criminal nature of Nazi collaborators. As can be inferred from the Soviet war memoirs, we are not supposed to simplify a clear-cut attitude of ignoring and should conceptualize the phenomenon of «non-nipped memory» in semi-official narratives. Soviet narratives, particularly war memoirs, did not highlight Nazi persecution of the Jews as a separate phenomenon; although described in detail, it was seen only as a part of the «new order». In the Soviet setting, we do encounter ignoring of the Holocaust (as a separate phenomenon), but at the same time, although with certain limitations, the memory of the mass murder of the Soviet Jews was quite actively reflected in war memoirs.
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Zahlmann, Stefan Hermann. "Landsacpes of Thrift and Dwelling: Dwelling and Sociality in Midsomer Murders." Culture Unbound 11, no. 3-4 (January 30, 2020): 466–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.19v11a25.
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In its long history of airing the popular crime series Midsomer Murders does not only present various murder cases but also a glimpse into the opinions on gender, sexuality, age and ethnicity. These opinions mirror the attitude of the producers as well as the anticipated expectations of the audience. The dicussion of these aspects are inseperately linked to the categories of thrift and dwelling and it seems that the ways of living in Midsomer County are always overwriting the questions of guilt, atonement and punishment. Furthermore the episodes of the series offer strategies to an aesthetic evaluation of sociality in an fictional countryside. Here murders become not only a question of morality and crime but show the depth of human nature as a hidden reality underneath the scenery of rural purity.
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Soothill, Keith. "Murder and Maugham: A Neglected Subversive?" Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles 75, no. 4 (November 2002): 330–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032258x0207500405.
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Somerset Maugham's writings had huge audiences in the first half of the twentieth century. In much of his work the focus is on people behaving badly. What effect did his work have on his readers? This article examines his short stories, of which approximately one-fifth of the major ones have murder as their theme. Focusing on the murders that Maugham ‘creates’, the claim is that Maugham is subversive, challenging some readily made assumptions. In Maugham's scheme of things, the criminal justice system is usually inappropriate, irrelevant or produces injustice, with ‘rough justice’ usually the best that is on offer. The resourceful can get away with murder. Murder is not the most serious crime for many. Instinct rather than rationality is the best judge. Maugham also emphasises the importance of fate, thus implying we are not in control of our destinies. The article argues that popular authors, such as Maugham, may have contributed much more than is generally recognised to the developing unease about the ‘status quo’ that ultimately led to the landslide victory of the Labour government in 1945.
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Rolls, Alistair. "Ex Uno Plures: Global French in, on and of the Rue Morgue and the Orient Express." arcadia 53, no. 1 (June 4, 2018): 39–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arcadia-2018-0004.
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AbstractIn the following paper, Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Murders in the Rue Morgue” and Agatha Christie’s Murder on the Orient Express are considered, and compared, as exemplars of what Andrea Goulet has labelled “Global French,” which is to say that both texts convey non-English, and especially French, language use through their own original English. Both texts will be shown to be born in, stage, and depart from primal linguistic scenes: the Babelian confusion of Poe’s multiple foreign witnesses will be embodied in the impediments that keep them from the scene of the crime; in Christie’s case, the multilingual investigation on board the Orient Express will stand in place of stilted and curtailed conversation held, in the Global French of Christie’s English, on the platform of another train. As sites of original translation and communicative excess and failure, these classic texts are about language first and crime second; indeed, the murder on Christie’s Murder on the Orient Express embodies taking place but, ultimately, does not take place at all.
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Basenko, R., V. Kovalenko, and H. Avanesyan. "STREET CRIME IN UKRAINE: CURRENT SITUATION AND WAYS TO OVERCOME." East European Scientific Journal 5, no. 4(68) (May 14, 2021): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/essa.2782-1994.2021.5.68.28.
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Issues of street crime are considered. It has been established that street crime is a kind of illegal social practice and is a mass destructive phenomenon. It is manifested in the commission of homogeneous socially dangerous criminally punishable acts in the free and open part of the settlement. It has been proved that the manifestations of street crime are such types of intentional criminal offenses as: murder, bodily injury, beatings and murders, rape, theft, robbery, burglary, fraud.
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Bilyk, T. V. "Structure of Forensic Characteristics of Murdering Hostages or Kidnapped Persons." Law and Safety 76, no. 1 (February 20, 2020): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/pb.2020.1.14.
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The concept and structure of forensic characteristics of crimes against human life and health have been analyzed. Based on the conducted study, the author has offered to define the forensic characteristics of a crime as the system of information about certain types of crimes with a structure consisting of a set of forensically significant elements that help the fastest investigation of the crime.
Studying this issue, we came to the conclusion that the structure of forensic characteristics of the murder of hostages or kidnapped persons is currently insufficiently studied. Accordingly, the purpose of this work is to analyze research and to build a structure of forensic characteristics of the murder of hostages or kidnapped persons. Based on the conducted research, the following elements of the forensic characteristics of the murder of hostages or kidnapped persons have been identified: 1) the method of committing the murder of hostages or kidnapped persons (preparation, commission, concealment); 2) the situation and mechanism of committing the murder of hostages or kidnapped persons (place as part of the material environment, which includes, besides the premises and areas, a set of different items); 3) the subject matter of the crime, the subject matter of criminal encroachment, or, as it is also called, the subject matter of criminal interest; 4) features of committing murders (trace picture); 5) forensic characteristics of the offender (physical, socio-demographic data, etc.); 6) forensic characteristics of the victim.
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Taylor, Melanie A. "A Comprehensive Study of Mass Murder Precipitants and Motivations of Offenders." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, no. 2 (May 4, 2016): 427–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x16646805.
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Much speculation has been made in the media as to the causes of mass murder in the United States, yet little empirical research exists to verify factors leading to violence. Prior research primarily relies on case study methodologies or small data sets, but none have focused on the underlying issues observed in a comprehensive national sample. Data for the current study include 152 mass murders reported through the FBI’s Supplementary Homicide Reports and USA Today from 2007 to 2011, which were then matched with media reports for each event. The current study shows that mass murders typically occur following a triggering event, are committed by non-strangers, and are rarely committed by persons with mental illnesses. A more realistic image of these incidents is critical, as misperceptions of offenders and case characteristics can improperly shape public policies.
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Gushue, Kelsey, and Jennifer S. Wong. "“When You Choose to be a Gangbanger, You Deserve Everything You Get”: Victim Dichotomization, Fear, and the Problem Frame." Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 34, no. 4 (July 18, 2018): 364–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043986218787729.
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Media framing of an event can have a significant impact on both reader response and public opinion. Through an examination of the deadliest gang-related murder to ever occur in British Columbia, the current study extends previous research by analyzing the influence of victim characteristics on the development of a problem frame. We analyze all newspaper articles published in the Vancouver Sun mentioning at least one of the murder victims between October 19, 2007, and December 31, 2016 ( N = 210). Results suggest that journalists use a number of techniques when creating a problem frame, including victim differentiation, purposeful inclusion of sources, and use of specific language. We argue that the extensive coverage of the murders provided an opportunity for the media to develop a problem frame that dichotomized victims, capitalized on societal fear of crime, and, consequently, affected calls for policy change.
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DeHart, Dana D., and John M. Mahoney. "The Serial Murderer's Motivations: An Interdisciplinary Review." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 29, no. 1 (August 1994): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/75bm-pm83-1xee-2vbp.
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A serial killer is defined as an individual who murders two or more victims over an extended period of time, ranging from days to years, with the crimes often being sexually motivated. Although there is a growing popular emphasis on the phenomenon, there is a paucity of rigorous research in the area. The present article reviews existing motivational theories of serial murder and proposes additional explications from a range of disciplines. Suggestions for future research are presented and integrational approaches are encouraged.
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Young, Stephen B. "How the Qur'an Rejects Extremism." ICR Journal 6, no. 1 (January 15, 2015): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.52282/icr.v6i1.361.
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There is no Qur’anic justification for the murders, barbaric beheadings, and the maimings executed by supposedly faithful Muslims like ISIS loyalists, the Tsarnaev brothers in Boston, the Kouachi Brothers in Paris, or by the followers of Osama Bin Laden on September 11, 2001.
The crux of the Qur’anic case against such taking of life in the name of Islam is the wrongful appropriation of God’s (Allah’s) right and power, and committing murder and mayhem in the name of His religion. The Qur’an assigns death by retaliation to all cases of murder (2:178). It also provides “One who kills a human being without the latter being guilty of murder or corruption in the land, it would be as if he has killed the whole of humankind.” (5:35). This clear enough, yet the wrong committed by these Sunni extremists also has an ideological dimension: it is idolatry, the worshipping of false gods and idols, in particular the putting of a person such as Al-Baghdadi or Osama Bin Laden, or oneself, in God’s place as the arbiter of who should live and who deserves to die.
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Amelia, Dina, and Jepri Daud. "FREUDIAN TRIPARTITE ON DETECTIVE FICTION: THE TOKYO ZODIAC MURDERS." Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching 4, no. 2 (December 28, 2020): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.30743/ll.v4i2.3139.
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Sigmund Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis developed in the 1940s as mentioned in Barry (2002) was applied to unravel the unconscious psyche of a fictional character in the novel Tokyo Zodiac Murders by Soji Shimada. Tokiko, the villain in the story has been experiencing abusive treatment from her father, stepmother, and stepsisters. The traumas she has received during her life has led to her decision to commit a well-prepared murder that could not be solved for decades. The qualitative method helps to identify and elaborate every component of the unconscious psyche of the villain, especially the Id, Ego, and Super-Ego in the story. The findings show that Tokiko’s Ego keeps her alive and survive to plan revenge on her family. Meanwhile, her Super-Ego fails to restrain herself from feeding her desire to conduct the vicious murder. Therefore, Tokiko’s Id is responsible for her action which is triggered by her devastating experiences. Her character remains committed and faithful to herself.
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Rodríguez, César “che.” "“The Whole Damn System Is Guilty”: Urban Violence, the Principal Contradiction of Racial Capitalism, and the Production of Premature Death in Oakland, California." Critical Sociology 46, no. 7-8 (June 3, 2020): 1057–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0896920520923429.
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Discourses of “urban violence” are deployed in reaction to the mobilizations advanced by working-class communities of color following extrajudicial police murders. This discourse delegitimates these mobilizations while pathologizing said communities by insisting that “urban violence,” not police murders, is a more pertinent issue. This article takes seriously the claims made during the Oscar Grant “moment”— a period of popular struggle — that “the whole damn system is guilty.” This article uses Gramscian conceptualizations of socio-historical activity, organic and conjunctural, along with public health and socio-economic measures, to counter the obfuscating discourse of “urban violence” by illustrating the structural violence that communities in Oakland endure and contest. The sum of this structural violence constitutes the principle contradiction of racial capitalism, which produces premature death for working-class communities of color in Oakland. The extrajudicial police murder of Grant in Oakland catalyzed the blossoming open of this contradiction into an intensified moment of struggle.
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Cosentino, C., G. Notarnicola, R. Paolino, D. Adamo C, C. Labella, M. Musto, and P. Freschi. "Colostrum and milk characteristics in Murgese breed mares." Czech Journal of Animal Science 62, No. 11 (October 9, 2017): 466–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/39/2017-cjas.
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The physicochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Murgese mare’s colostrum and milk during lactation were analyzed. Colostrum and milk samples from 14 lactating mares were collected on the 1<sup>st</sup> and 2<sup>nd</sup> day after foaling, and then at 15, 90, and 150 days postpartum. The results showed that the values of most of the chemical parameters in colostrum were higher. During lactation, the content of proteins, fat, dry matter as well as pH values increased, while lactose and lysozyme content decreased. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was evaluated by 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. For both tests, colostrum showed a greater TAC. In milk TAC decreased over time to remain constant in the last months of lactation.
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Broadhurst, Roderic, Ross Maller, Max Maller, and Brigitte Bouhours. "The recidivism of homicide offenders in Western Australia." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 51, no. 3 (July 27, 2017): 395–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865817722393.
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Popular perceptions about the recidivism of homicide offenders are contradictory, varying from one extreme – that such offenders rarely commit further violent offences – to the opposite, where it is thought that they remain at a high risk of serious reoffending. The present study draws on the records of 1088 persons arrested in Western Australia over the period 1984–2005 for domestic murders and other types of homicides (robbery and sexual murder), including attempted murder, conspiracy to murder, manslaughter (unintentional homicide) and driving causing death. Our database provides up to 22 years follow-up time (for those arrested in 1984) and accounts critically for the first and any subsequent arrests, if they occur. Of the 1088 persons, only 3 were subsequently arrested and charged with a homicide offence event in the follow-up period. Among those arrested for a murder and subsequently released, we estimate a probability of 0.66 (accounting for censoring) of being rearrested for another offence of any type. The corresponding probabilities for those originally arrested for manslaughter or for driving causing death were equal, at 0.43. A dynamic analysis of the longitudinal data by survival analysis techniques is used to reliably estimate these probabilities. Having a prior record increased the risk of re-arrest; for example male non-Aboriginals arrested for murder with at least one prior arrest have an estimated probability of 0.72 of being rearrested for another offence of any type. Their estimated probability of being rearrested for another serious offence was 0.33. These findings should be of interest to courts and correctional agencies in assessing risk at various stages of the administration of criminal justice.
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Khoele, Kwena B., Paul H. De Wet, Hermanus W. Pretorius, and Jaqui Sommerville. "Case series of females charged with murder or attempted murder of minors and referred to Weskoppies Hospital in terms of the Criminal Procedure Act over a period of 21 years." South African Journal of Psychiatry 22, no. 1 (May 6, 2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v22i1.887.
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Women charged with murder or attempted murders of children are usually sent for forensic psychiatric evaluation. In South Africa research and literature on this population is scarce. A case series was studied of forensic files of 32 females charged with murder or attempted murder of children. These files contained information of such females. The forensic psychiatric observation was mainly to establish whether a psychiatric diagnosis could be made, and whether they were triable and accountable. Files from 01 Jan 1990 to 31 Dec 2010 (21 years) were obtained of cases observed in Weskoppies Hospital. The aim of describing these case series was to attempt to find a psychiatric profile of such cases, as well as to find other information e.g. Demographics. The findings, after forensic observation regarding their ability to follow court proceedings and their ability to contribute meaningfully to their defence (triability) as well as their ability to distinguish between right and wrong, and their ability to act in accordance with the said appreciation (accountability) at the time of the alleged offence were also reported. This information could contribute to make medical practitioners and mental health care workers aware of risk factors involving such cases and to encourage them to enquire about these risk factors.
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Chan, Erwin, and Jawade Hafidz. "Policy For Crime Murder Investigation By The Children In Polrestabes Semarang." Jurnal Daulat Hukum 3, no. 1 (April 12, 2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jdh.v3i1.8454.
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Issues that will be examined are: 1) How do criminal investigations policy murders committed by children in Polrestabes Semarang today? 2) How is the investigation of criminal policy of murder committed by children who should have been in the Indonesian National Police?This study uses empirical juridical approach method, the specifications in this research is descriptive. Data collection methods use primary data with interview techniques. The data analysis method used is the analysis of qualitative data.The study concluded that: 1) Policy murder investigation of criminal offenses committed by children in Polrestabes Semarang today in addressing the crime of child offenders who commit criminal acts be routed into diversion pursuant to Act No. 11 of 2012 on the Criminal Justice System Child. 2) Policies murder investigation of criminal offenses committed by children who should at the Indonesian National Police should be able to: a) Understand the scope of the duties and authority of the Police Child Protection. b) know the Juvenile Justice Act, Child Protection Act, the Child Welfare Act and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. c) Ability to interpret and discuss the procedure done in dealing with children in conflict with the law.Keywords: Policies; Investigation; Children Crime.
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Sandu, C., and J. Bloesch. "The transboundary Mures/Maros catchment - a review." River Systems 18, no. 1-2 (May 21, 2008): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/lr/18/2008/7.
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Seal, Lizzie, and Alexa Neale. "‘In His Passionate Way’: Emotion, Race and Gender in Cases of Partner Murder in England and Wales, 1900–39." British Journal of Criminology 60, no. 4 (January 13, 2020): 811–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azz085.
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Abstract This article examines 10 capital cases of men of colour sentenced to death in England and Wales for intimate murders of white British women during 1900–39. It argues that such cases enable analysis of the prevailing emotional norms of this era and the ways in which these were shaped by race, gender and class. Perceptions of intimate relationships as legitimate or illegitimate—judgments about who should feel what about whom—‘is’ related to understandings of citizenship. In revealing the emotional norms at play in cases of murder, it is possible to illustrate how the criminal justice system governed through emotion.
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Birkhead, T. R., and D. N. Nettleship. "Ecological relationships between Common Murres, Uria aalge, and Thick-billed Murres, Uria lomvia, at the Gannet Islands, Labrador. II. Breeding success and site characteristics." Canadian Journal of Zoology 65, no. 7 (July 1, 1987): 1630–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z87-252.
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At the Gannet Islands, Labrador, the proportion of Thick-billed Murres (Uria lomvia) that successfully reared a chick that left the colony was significantly lower (mean = 63%) than that of Common Murres (Uria aalge; 82%) in each of 3 years of study. The physical and social features of the breeding site were the only factors known to influence breeding success. For both murre species, breeding success increased with ledge width, and whereas most Common Murres bred on the widest ledges, relatively few Thick-billed Murres did so. The success of each species did not differ significantly on ledges of the same width. We suggest that Common and Thick-billed murres competed for breeding sites and that Common Murres obtained a disproportionate share of the "best" sites. This occurred because Common Murres outnumbered Thick-billed Murres by about 40:1 and because cliff habitat was in short supply. Whereas Thick-billed Murres bred only on cliffs, Common Murres were able to breed on cliffs and flat ground nearer sea level. Additional circumstantial evidence supports the idea that Common and Thick-billed murres at the Gannet Islands compete for breeding sites.
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McFarlane Tranquilla, L., W. A. Montevecchi, A. Hedd, P. M. Regular, G. J. Robertson, D. A. Fifield, and R. Devillers. "Ecological segregation among Thick-billed Murres (Uria lomvia) and Common Murres (Uria aalge) in the Northwest Atlantic persists through the nonbreeding season." Canadian Journal of Zoology 93, no. 6 (June 2015): 447–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2014-0315.
Full textAbstract:
To study the influence of inter- and intra-specific interactions on patterns of ecological segregation in nonbreeding habitat, we used geolocators to track year-round movements of congeneric and partially sympatric Thick-billed Murres (Uria lomvia (L., 1758)) and Common Murres (Uria aalge (Pontoppidan, 1763)) from seven Canadian colonies during 2007–2011. Locations from 142 individuals were (i) examined for species- and colony-specific spatiotemporal patterns, (ii) mapped with environmental data, and (iii) used to delineate core wintering areas. Compared with Common Murres, Thick-billed Murres dispersed across a wider range of latitudes and environments, had larger winter ranges, and showed greater variation in seasonal timing of movements. These interspecific differences were consistent at two scales: among colonies spanning a wide latitudinal range and at a sympatric colony. Intraspecifically, nonbreeding ecological segregation was more pronounced among colonies of Thick-billed Murres than of Common Murres: colonies of Thick-billed Murres tended to follow distinct movement patterns and segregate by latitude, whereas colonies of Common Murres segregated very little; moreover, the extent of segregation was more variable among Thick-billed Murres than Common Murres. For Thick-billed Murres, rather than complete divergence of winter ecological niche from Common Murres, we found a “widening” of an overlapping niche. This strategy of increased movement flexibility may enable Thick-billed Murres to mitigate competition both intra- and inter-specifically; we propose this movement strategy may have played a role in species divergence.