Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Muscle lisse'
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Gazzola, Morgan, and Morgan Gazzola. "Le gain de force du muscle lisse des voies aériennes dans l'asthme : une étude translationnelle." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37226.
Full textL’asthme est un désordre respiratoire obstructif qui affecte plus de 330 millions de personnes à travers le monde. Les symptômes de cette pathologie comprennent de l’essoufflement, de l’oppression thoracique, de la sibilance et de la toux, et surviennent suivant l’inhalation de facteurs déclencheurs (virus, allergène, pollution…). La pathologie de l’asthme est caractérisée par une inflammation chronique et variable au sein du système respiratoire, un remodelage des voies aériennes ainsi qu’une hyperréactivité bronchique. L’équipe de recherche du Dr Ynuk Bossé travaille sur la physiologie du muscle lisse des voies aériennes, et plus spécifiquement sur l’augmentation des capacités contractiles du muscle lisse en réponse à un tonus (i.e. contraction soutenue). Ce phénomène nommé le gain de force du muscle lisse a été observé avant mon arrivée dans ce laboratoire sur des trachées de moutons et de souris montées en bain d’organe, ainsi qu’in vivo chez la souris. Des travaux antérieurs ont démontré que la présence d’un tonus augmentait la réactivité bronchique de souris en réponse à l’inhalation d’une forte dose de métacholine. Le but de cette thèse était d’explorer dans une dynamique translationnelle, les rouages moléculaires de ce phénomène et d’en définir les impacts sur la fonction respiratoire in vivo. Dans une première étude réalisée au début de mon doctorat, nous avons étudié les conséquences du tonus sur la réactivité bronchique in vivo chez l’humain. Nous avons ainsi observé que l’augmentation du tonus, provoquée par l’inhalation répétée de faibles doses de métacholine durant une période de 30 minutes, augmentait la réactivité bronchique en réponse à l’inhalation d’une forte dose de métacholine. De plus, nous avons également observé grâce à l’utilisation de la technique des oscillations forcées que cette augmentation de la réactivité bronchique était liée à une augmentation de la résistance des voies périphériques. Nous avons donc confirmé dans cette étude que la présence d’un tonus augmente la réactivité bronchique chez de jeunes humains en santé. Dans une seconde étude, conduite tout au long de mon doctorat, nous avons étudié les mécanismes moléculaires responsables du gain de force du muscle lisse en réponse à un tonus. Nous avons ainsi observé que ce phénomène n’était pas lié à une potentialisation de la phosphorylation de la chaîne légère de myosine, mais plutôt provoqué par une augmentation de la filamentogénèse d’actine. Nous avons également déterminé que cette augmentation de la filamentogénèse d’actine était en partie provoquée par une inhibition de la dépolymérisation des filaments d’actine suite à l’inhibition de la protéine cofiline. Nous avons donc démontré que le tonus augmente la filamentogénèse d’actine au sein des cellules musculaires lisses, ce qui pourrait contribuer à une augmentation des capacités contractiles. Finalement, dans une troisième étude entreprise durant la dernière partie de mon doctorat, nous tentons de comprendre les liens entre le phénomène du gain de force du muscle lisse et l’inflammation présente dans l’asthme. Il semblerait que la présence d’une inflammation provoquée par de la poudre d’acariens chez la souris augmente la réactivité bronchique, mais empêche le développement du gain de force du muscle lisse. En revanche, les résultats obtenus sont encore préliminaires. Il est actuellement impossible de tirer des conclusions fermes. Ainsi, nous nous interrogeons toujours à l’égard du rôle de l’inflammation sur le gain de force du muscle lisse des voies aériennes. Dans sa globalité, cette thèse démontre que le gain de force du muscle lisse des voies aériennes est provoqué par un remodelage du cytosquelette d’actine, et que ce phénomène augmente la réactivité bronchique in vivo chez l’humain. De plus, cette thèse ouvre des voies de recherche afin de déterminer si ce phénomène pourrait être impliqué dans l’hyperréactivité bronchique dans l’asthme.
Asthma is an obstructive respiratory disorder affecting more than 330 million people worldwide. The symptoms include breathlessness, chest oppression, wheezing and cough. The symptoms are variable in nature and severity and generally coincide with the inhalation of environmental factors (viruses, allergens, pollution…). The pathology of asthma is characterized by several typical features, such as airway inflammation, airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness. The research team of Dr Ynuk Bossé is specialized in the study of lung physiology and airway smooth muscle mechanics. Of particular interest is a phenomenon called ‘force adaptation’. Force adaptation is a time-dependent gain in the contractile capacity of airway smooth muscle in response to tone (i.e., a sustained contraction). This phenomenon was observed in vitro in isolated ovine and murine tissues, as well as in vivo in mice. Previous work has demonstrated that the presence of tone, provoked by repeated exposures to low doses of methacholine during 20 min, increases airway responsiveness to the inhalation of a high dose of methacholine. The aim of this thesis was to decipher the molecular mechanisms of force adaptation in vitro and to explore the impact of this phenomenon on respiratory function in vivo. In a first study, which was conducted at the beginning of my PhD, we assessed the effect of tone on airway responsiveness in young healthy adults. We demonstrated that tone, which was generated by repeated inhalations of low doses of methacholine during 30 min, enhances airway responsiveness to a high dose of methacholine. Moreover, with the use of the force oscillation technique, we demonstrated that this effect was predominant in the peripheral airways. Therefore, this study confirmed that airway smooth muscle tone increases airway responsiveness in young healthy adults. In a second study, conducted over the entire course of my PhD, we investigated the molecular mechanisms responsible for the gain in contractile capacity induced by tone. We observed that force adaptation does not rely on molecular mechanisms enhancing the phosphorylation of the myosin light chain but rather occurs in conjunction with an increase in actin filamentogenesis. We further demonstrated that this increase in actin filamentogenesis may stem not only from actin polymerization but also from the inhibition of actin filament depolymerization via the inhibition of the protein cofilin. Therefore, the results of this study suggested that tone increase the contractile capacity of airway smooth muscle by fostering actin filamentogenesis. Finally, in a third study started at the end of my PhD, we are trying to understand the links between the gain in contractile capacity induced by tone and airway inflammation in asthma. We are using a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation induced by repeated exposures to house dust mite. While allergic inflammation increases airway responsiveness, it seems to diminish the phenomenon of force adaptation. However, the results obtained so far will require further investigations. It is currently impossible to reach authoritative conclusions. We are still left wondering whether airway inflammation alters the gain in contractile capacity induced by tone. Overall, this thesis is demonstrated that force adaptation increases airway responsiveness in vivo in human and, at the molecular level, the phenomenon seems to rely on an active remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. Moreover, this thesis opens new research areas, which will need to be further explored in order to determine whether the gain in contractile capacity induced by tone is implicated in airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma
Asthma is an obstructive respiratory disorder affecting more than 330 million people worldwide. The symptoms include breathlessness, chest oppression, wheezing and cough. The symptoms are variable in nature and severity and generally coincide with the inhalation of environmental factors (viruses, allergens, pollution…). The pathology of asthma is characterized by several typical features, such as airway inflammation, airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness. The research team of Dr Ynuk Bossé is specialized in the study of lung physiology and airway smooth muscle mechanics. Of particular interest is a phenomenon called ‘force adaptation’. Force adaptation is a time-dependent gain in the contractile capacity of airway smooth muscle in response to tone (i.e., a sustained contraction). This phenomenon was observed in vitro in isolated ovine and murine tissues, as well as in vivo in mice. Previous work has demonstrated that the presence of tone, provoked by repeated exposures to low doses of methacholine during 20 min, increases airway responsiveness to the inhalation of a high dose of methacholine. The aim of this thesis was to decipher the molecular mechanisms of force adaptation in vitro and to explore the impact of this phenomenon on respiratory function in vivo. In a first study, which was conducted at the beginning of my PhD, we assessed the effect of tone on airway responsiveness in young healthy adults. We demonstrated that tone, which was generated by repeated inhalations of low doses of methacholine during 30 min, enhances airway responsiveness to a high dose of methacholine. Moreover, with the use of the force oscillation technique, we demonstrated that this effect was predominant in the peripheral airways. Therefore, this study confirmed that airway smooth muscle tone increases airway responsiveness in young healthy adults. In a second study, conducted over the entire course of my PhD, we investigated the molecular mechanisms responsible for the gain in contractile capacity induced by tone. We observed that force adaptation does not rely on molecular mechanisms enhancing the phosphorylation of the myosin light chain but rather occurs in conjunction with an increase in actin filamentogenesis. We further demonstrated that this increase in actin filamentogenesis may stem not only from actin polymerization but also from the inhibition of actin filament depolymerization via the inhibition of the protein cofilin. Therefore, the results of this study suggested that tone increase the contractile capacity of airway smooth muscle by fostering actin filamentogenesis. Finally, in a third study started at the end of my PhD, we are trying to understand the links between the gain in contractile capacity induced by tone and airway inflammation in asthma. We are using a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation induced by repeated exposures to house dust mite. While allergic inflammation increases airway responsiveness, it seems to diminish the phenomenon of force adaptation. However, the results obtained so far will require further investigations. It is currently impossible to reach authoritative conclusions. We are still left wondering whether airway inflammation alters the gain in contractile capacity induced by tone. Overall, this thesis is demonstrated that force adaptation increases airway responsiveness in vivo in human and, at the molecular level, the phenomenon seems to rely on an active remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. Moreover, this thesis opens new research areas, which will need to be further explored in order to determine whether the gain in contractile capacity induced by tone is implicated in airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma
Villanove, Xavier. "Etude de la relaxation dans le muscle lisse bronchique humain passivement sensibilisé." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR23009.
Full textTschirhart, Eric. "Régulation paracrine de la contractilité du muscle lisse bronchique." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37618990s.
Full textTschirhart, Eric. "Regulation paracrine de la contactilite du muscle lisse bronchique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13194.
Full textLogé, Cédric. "Conception et synthèse d'inhibiteurs de la rho-kinase." Lille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIL2P007.
Full textBenoit, Catherine. "Effets des acides époxyeïcosatriénoïques sur les muscles lisses des voies respiratoires." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2000.
Find full textRossetti, Max. "Effet de la sensibilisation immunologique sur les mécanismes de la contraction du muscle lisse bronchique humain." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR23002.
Full textLabonté, Isabelle. "Muscle lisse bronchique et asthme : Études in vivo et in vitro." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26931/26931.pdf.
Full textJmari, Khadija. "Inactivation et sélectivité des canaux calciques lents du muscle lisse utérin." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37598524c.
Full textJmari, Khadija. "Inactivation et sélectivité des canaux calciques lents du muscle lisse utérin." Bordeaux 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR22012.
Full textMichel, Véronique Frossard Nelly. "Le facteur de croissance des nerfs NGF dans l'inflammation et le remodelage bronchique dans l'asthme." Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2006. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/569/02/FREUND_MICHEL2006.pdf.
Full textSalvail, Dany. "Caractérisation, rôle et purification d'un canal chlore des muscles lisses de trachée." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2001.
Find full textBea, Marie-Luce. "Caracterisation de cellules musculaires lisses vasculaires d'origine corticale renale en culture et etude de leurs recepteurs de la bradykinine et du facteur atrial natriuretique." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA077132.
Full textSchoeffter, Philippe. "Nucléotides cycliques et muscle lisse vasculaire étude pharmacologique sur l'aorte de rat /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37609769f.
Full textSchoeffter, Philippe. "Nucleotides cycliques et muscle lisse vasculaire : etude pharmacologique sur l'aorte de rat." Strasbourg 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13059.
Full textBouchoucha, Michel. "Modélisation des propriétés rhéologiques du muscle lisse unitaire étude de l'intestin de souris /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612127c.
Full textCuq, Pierre. "Etude pharmacologique de la commande muscarinique du muscle lisse du caecum du lapin." Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON13516.
Full textNorel, Xavier, and P. ASCHER. "Regulation du muscle lisse pulmonaire humain par le systeme cholinergique et les prostanoides." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066616.
Full textBouchoucha, Michel. "Modélisation des propriétés rhéologiques du muscle lisse unitaire : étude de l'intestin de souris." Paris 12, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA120060.
Full textCloutier, Martin. "Effets électrophysiologiques de l'acide 20-hydroxyeïcosatétraénoïque sur les muscles lisses des voies respiratoires." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2003.
Find full textVallet, Benoît. "Reactivite vasculaire et oxygenation tissulaire." Lille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL2P265.
Full textBASTIAN, SANDRINE. "Caracterisation des recepteurs de la bradykinine sur les cellules musculaires lisses tracheales de cobaye en culture primaire." Strasbourg 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STR15082.
Full textMartin, Elise. "Etude de la différenciation des progéniteurs musculaires lisses de l'uretère chez la souris." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX22074.
Full textCongenital obstructives disorders of the ureter are amongst the most common human birthdefects but the molecular networks underlying these defects remain unknown. Ureter plays a pivotalrole in propelling urine from kidney down to the bladder. My project aims at understanding a mouse model of functional obstructive ureter which possesses a null allele for the gene Teashirt3 (Tshz3). Ishowed that the hydroureter phenotype (dilated ureter) in the mutant embryos results of a failure ofureteric smooth muscle (SM) formation occurring since early embryonic steps of SM differentiation.Indeed, mutant ureteric mesenchymal cells do neither express the myocardin (Myocd) gene nor theMyocd targeted genes, encoding for contractile proteins of the SM. Thus, the transcription factorTSHZ3 is necessary for the expression of Myocd and subsequent SM differentiation. To understandthe molecular networks underlying the differentiation of SM, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screenthat allowed us to identify the HMG domain protein SOX9 as a TSHZ3 partner. During ureter development, SOX9 is expressed in an overlapping expression pattern with TSHZ3 until expression ofSM markers genes, a step whereby Sox9 is downregulated. An early initiation step of SM differentiation corresponds to the simultaneous expression of MYOCD with TSHZ3 and SOX9. A cellular model allowed to mimic this stage. TSHZ3 and SOX9 act as repressing factors of the myogenic activity of MYOCD by disrupting the MYOCD/SRF complex activator. These results suggest that TSHZ3 and SOX9 influence MYOCD activity and participate to the temporal control ofthe on set of ureteric myogenesis in the developing ureter. Together, these results demonstrate thatTSHZ3 fulfills successive functions during ureter development
Roux, Etienne. "Physiopathologie de la signalisation calcique dans le muscle lisse des voies aériennes : effet des polluants atmosphériques et des anesthésiques généraux." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR28558.
Full textRouget, Céline. "Le récepteur β3-adrénergique du muscle lisse utérin humain : une cible potentielle d'agents tocolytiques." Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05P614.
Full textThe preterm birth represents the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in developed countries. The strategies for medical management remain restricted and relatively inefficient. Amongst different actions undertaken to reduce preterm birth and health problems of preterm neonates, the development of new pharmacological tools to treat uterine contractility dysfunction is essential. We were interested in the b3-adrenoceptor and its agonists known to have myorelaxant properties on the uterus smooth muscle, the myometrium. The aim of our work consisted in the pharmacological characterisation of the b3-adrenoceptor in the human myometrium, on the one hand in studying the influence of pregnancy on the expression of this receptor and on the other hand, by exploring the desensitisation phenomenon which can affect it. Our results give arguments in favour of clinical development of selective b3- adrenoceptor agonists in the pharmacological treatment of preterm labour
Blanc, François-Xavier. "Propriétés mécaniques du muscle lisse isolé des voies aériennes chez l'homme et chez l'animal." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA11TO36.
Full textGrandordy, Béatrice. "Messagers intra-cellulaires du muscle lisse de voies aeriennes et des cellules inflammatoires pulmonaires." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05S005.
Full textRenault, Marie-Ange. "Mécanisme de régulation de l'expression de l'ostéopontine dans les cellules musculaires lisses artérielles : rôle de l'ostéopontine dans l'angiogénèse." Bordeaux 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR21135.
Full textOsteopontin (OPN) is a protein, which has been largely involved in vascular remodeling. We are interested in understanding the mechanisms involved in SMC migration and the role of extracellular nucleotides. In this context, the aims of my PhD. Work was 1) to understand the mechanisms involved in UTP-induced OPN expression in aortic smooth muscle cells and 2) to demonstrate the role of OPN in angiogenesis in vivo. I showed, by using promoter analysis methods, that at least three transcription factors (AP-1, USF, NF-kB) are involved in UTP-induced OPN expression. AP-1 and USF are activated via ERK 1/2 whereas NF-kB is activated via PKCdelta. Moreover this study compares transduction pathways involved in UTP, angiotensin II and PDGF-induced OPN expression. The role of OPN in angiogenesis was demonsttrated using hindlimb ischemia mouse model. I put into evidence that angiogenesis was delayed in OPN-/- mice versus C57BL/6 mice ; moreover I showed that its kinetic is different in male and female
Dusserre, Eric. "Métabolisme et mouvements du cholestérol dans les différents compartiments du myocyte artériel : mécanismes impliqués et influence de la dédifférenciation cellulaire." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1T009.
Full textHodroj, Wassim. "Étude comparative de l'angiotensine II et de l'angiotensine IV in vitro au niveau des cellules musculaires lisses vasculaires humaines : caractérisation fonctionnelle des effets de l'angiotensine IV sur le transport de glucose insulino-dépendant." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10138.
Full textSOUILEM, OUAJDI. "Physiopathologie de la reactivite contractile du canal deferent : etude in vitro sur les modeles d'exposition au froid modere et de sensibilisation antigenique." Nantes, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NANT09VS.
Full textAMRANI, YASSINE. "Role du recepteur p55 au tnfα dans les variations phenotypiques des cellules musculaires lisses des voies aeriennes : implication dans la physiopathologie de l'asthme." Strasbourg 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR15053.
Full textAngeli, Marielle. "Interaction entre l'aldostérone et la vasopressine sur les mouvements transmembranaires de Na+ et de K+ dans le muscle lisse vasculaire." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066025.
Full textMarthan, Roger. "Le muscle lisse bronchique humain : aspects physiologiques et physiopathologiques des mécanismes cellulaires de la contraction." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR22010.
Full textTOPOUZIS, STAVROS. "Etudes in vitro des effets de facteurs endotheliaux sur la contraction du muscle lisse vasculaire." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR13190.
Full textPopin, Elisabeth. "Kinines et asthme : approche des mecanismes d'action de la bradykinine sur le muscle lisse bronchique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR1M130.
Full textSena, Sandra. "Mécanisme de différenciation du muscle lisse vasculaire : role de la β-catenine et des facteurs de transcription lef-tcf dans la régulation transcriptionnelle du gène humain de la chaine lourde de myosine du muscle lisse." Bordeaux 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR21073.
Full textDifferentiated smooth muscle cell (SMC) is a key component of the arterial wall. The smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (sm-MHC) is a contractile protein expressed in differentiated SMC. Beta-catenin is a cytosolic protein involved in cell-cell interactions and in the cell-ECM interactions by participating to the Integrin-Linked Kinase pathway. We studied the role of β-catenin and LEF-TCF factors in the transcriptional regulation of he human sm-MHC expression. Overexpression of β-catenin stimulates the sm-MHC promoter. On the other hand, the LEF-TCF factors inhibit of the sm-MHC activity. Beta-catenin cooperate with the GATA-6 factor to positively regulate the sm-MHC promoter activity. The sm-MHC promoter is regulated by a β-catenin-dependant, LEF/TCF-independant mechanism. On the other hand, a β-catenin-dependent, LEF/TCF-dependent mechanism inhibits the sm-MHC expression. Cooperation between β-catenin and GATA-6 could explain the β-catenin-dependant, LEF/TCF-independant mechanism
Hubert, Fabien. "Rôle des phophodiestérases dans la compartimentation subcellulaire de l'AMPc dans la cellule musculaire lisse vasculaire : étude des altérations dans l'insuffisance cardiaque." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00868792.
Full textWang, Xiuyu. "Contractility-induced morphological transitions in smooth muscle cells." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPAST031.
Full textHeart attacks and strokes are the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Restenosis and thrombosis are among the most common complications of atherosclerosis treatment. Study shows that the extent of damage induced by endovascular devices is significantly higher for a rigid arterial wall than for a soft wall. The smooth muscle cell investigations demonstrate that upon reaching a critical density, these cells can spontaneously transition from flat cell sheets to three-dimensional spheroid-like clusters. The description of the physical mechanisms governing the spontaneous emergence of these intriguing 3-D clusters offers insight into smooth muscle cell-related disorders
Taillé, Camille Boczkowski Jorge. "Rôle de la voie de l'hème oxygénase dans la contractilité et la prolifération du muscle lisse des voies aériennes application à l'asthme /." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2007. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0394960.pdf.
Full textRivier, François. "Dystrophines et protéines associées : structure, fonction et relation avec la pathologie." Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON1T034.
Full textChollet, Dugarte Maria. "Implication de l'ostéoprotégérine (OPG) et ses ligands RANKL et TRAIL dans l'athérosclérose et les calcifications artérielles." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077106.
Full textVascular calcification is an active process that share similarities with bone remodelling. The OPG-RANKL-RANK axis that regulates osteoclastogenesis is linked to vascular calcification. We studied the involvement of the OPG-RANKL-TRAÏL System in atherosclerosis and arterial calcification. We observed that OPG and RANKL did not follow a similar pattern of expression in different stages of the atherosclerotic lesions. In an in vitro model of vascular calcification using aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and circulating monocytes from hypercholesterolemic pigs, we showed that macrophages derived from monocytes express RANKL and lose their OPG expression. Macrophages induce calcification and osteoblastic differentiation of VSMC. In a cohort of 124 atherothrombotic patients, we investigated the correlation of coronary calcification and atherosclerosis with the expression of OPG, RANKL, and TRAIL raRNA in circulating monocytes. We observed an inverse association between OPG mRNA and coronary calcium score. Our result: show an unbalanced expression of OPG-RANKL-TRAIL axis in atherosclerotic calcification. Macrophages play a role in the development of arterial calcification probably via their expression of OPG-RANKL System. OPG seems to have a protective role against vascular calcification
Bayer, Sophie. "Modulation de l'activité des neurones entériques par le GABA et les polyamines." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA077167.
Full textRobert, Renaud. "Expression et fonction du CFTR dans la cellule musculaire lisse aortique et son rôle dans la réactivité vasculaire." Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT2351.
Full textSauzeau, Vincent. "Régulation de la protéine G monomérique RhoA par la voie de signalisation NO/PKG dans le système vasculaire : implication dans l'hypertension artérielle pulmonaire chronique." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT2051.
Full textDandré, Frédéric. "La régulation transcriptionnelle du gène VCAM-1 au cours de la différenciation cellulaire du muscle lisse vasculaire." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR28530.
Full textGuerin, Amandine. "Fonction de la protéine LIX1 dans la régulation de la plasticité cellulaire du muscle lisse digestif." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTT028.
Full textThe digestive tract is a vital organ ensuring food digestion, nutrient absorption and waste excretion. One of the main properties of digestive tract is the motricity which is defined as the set of contractions that allows the transition of the food from the mouth to the anus. Cells involved in the regulation of digestive plasticity are the enteric nervous cells, the interstitial cells of Cajal and the smooth muscle cells. The interstitial cells of Cajal and smooth muscle cells derived from a common mesenchymal progenitor. Mesenchyme-derived cells have the unique capacity to switch from the contractile and functional state to an immaturity state. This plasticity is responsible for motricity disorders. Our work aims to identify the mechanisms involved in the differentiation of the mesenchymal progenitors and to study those mechanisms in pathological conditions. The team previously identified the LIX1 gene (LImb eXpression 1) as the first molecular marker of the digestive smooth muscle immaturity and demonstrated its role on the differentiation of mesenchymal progenitors through the control of YAP1 (McKey et al., 2016). In this context, during my thesis, I focused on LIX1 and the mitochondrial remodeling as a putative regulatory mechanism of mesenchymal-derived cells differentiation. First, I investigated and demonstrated the role and function of LIX1 in the aggressiveness and the immaturity of the GastroIntestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST) cells. In parallel, I participated to the characterization of cells derived from CPIO (Chronic Pseudo Intestinal Obstruction) patients. Finally, I developed a new model of human gastric smooth muscle cells to evaluate the metabolism during the SMC differentiation. Altogether, we showed that LIX1 and its downstream pathways control SMC plasticity
Gonzalez, de la Fuente Patrick. "Physiopathologie cellulaire du muscle lisse vasculaire pulmonaire : rôle de l'influx calcique capacitif et effet de l'hypoxie." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR28373.
Full textSaïag, Bernard. "Modulation de l'etat contractile du muscle lisse vasculaire par les purines, les pyrimidines et leurs recepteurs." Rennes 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989REN1A052.
Full textMbikou, Prisca. "Etude expérimentale et théorique du couplage excitation-contraction dans le muscle lisse des voies aériennes de rat." Bordeaux 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR21613.
Full text