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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Muscle reflex activity

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Academic literature on the topic 'Muscle reflex activity'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Muscle reflex activity"

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Hoogkamer, Wouter, Frank Van Calenbergh, Stephan P. Swinnen, and Jacques Duysens. "Cutaneous reflex modulation and self-induced reflex attenuation in cerebellar patients." Journal of Neurophysiology 113, no. 3 (2015): 915–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00381.2014.

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Modulation of cutaneous reflexes is important in the neural control of walking, yet knowledge about underlying neural pathways is still incomplete. Recent studies have suggested that the cerebellum is involved. Here we evaluated the possible roles of the cerebellum in cutaneous reflex modulation and in attenuation of self-induced reflexes. First we checked whether leg muscle activity during walking was similar in patients with focal cerebellar lesions and in healthy control subjects. We then recorded cutaneous reflex activity in leg muscles during walking. Additionally, we compared reflexes af

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Gandevia, S. C., S. Miller, A. M. Aniss, and D. Burke. "Reflex influences on muscle spindle activity in relaxed human leg muscles." Journal of Neurophysiology 56, no. 1 (1986): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1986.56.1.159.

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The study was designed to determine whether low-threshold cutaneous and muscle afferents from the foot reflexly activate gamma-motoneurons innervating relaxed muscles of the leg. In 15 experiments multiunit recordings were made from 21 nerve fascicles innervating triceps surae or tibialis anterior. In a further nine experiments the activity of 19 identified single muscle spindle afferents was recorded, 13 from triceps surae, 5 from tibialis anterior, and 1 from extensor digitorum longus. Trains of electrical stimuli (5 stimuli, 300 Hz) were delivered to the sural nerve at the ankle (intensity,

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Avela, Janne, Heikki Kyröläinen, and Paavo V. Komi. "Altered reflex sensitivity after repeated and prolonged passive muscle stretching." Journal of Applied Physiology 86, no. 4 (1999): 1283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.86.4.1283.

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Experiments were carried out to test the effect of prolonged and repeated passive stretching (RPS) of the triceps surae muscle on reflex sensitivity. The results demonstrated a clear deterioration of muscle function immediately after RPS. Maximal voluntary contraction, average electromyographic activity of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles, and zero crossing rate of the soleus muscle (recorded from 50% maximal voluntary contraction) decreased on average by 23.2, 19.9, 16.5, and 12.2%, respectively. These changes were associated with a clear immediate reduction in the reflex sensitivity; str

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Cidem, Muharrem, Ilhan Karacan, Halil Ibrahim Cakar, et al. "Vibration parameters affecting vibration-induced reflex muscle activity." Somatosensory & Motor Research 34, no. 1 (2017): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08990220.2017.1281115.

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Aminoff, Michael J., Douglas S. Goodin, and Rosemary S. Chequer. "FUNCTIONAL ROLES OF THE LATE REFLEX MUSCLE ACTIVITY." Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology 10, no. 2 (1993): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004691-199304000-00014.

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Windhorst, Uwe, Thomas M. Hamm, and Douglas G. Stuart. "On the function of muscle and reflex partitioning." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12, no. 4 (1989): 629–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00024985.

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AbstractStudies have shown that in the mammalian neuromuscular system stretch reflexes are localized within individual muscles. Neuromuscular compartmentalization, the partitioning of sensory output from muscles, and the partitioning of segmental pathways to motor nuclei have also been demonstrated. This evidence indicates that individual motor nuclei and the muscles they innervate are not homogeneous functional units. An analysis of the functional significance of reflex localization and partitioning suggests that segmental control mechanisms are based on subdivisions of motor nuclei–muscle co

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Oliven, A., M. Haxhiu, and S. G. Kelsen. "Reflex effect of esophageal distension on respiratory muscle activity and pressure." Journal of Applied Physiology 66, no. 2 (1989): 536–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.66.2.536.

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The electrical activity of the respiratory skeletal muscles is altered in response to reflexes originating in the gastrointestinal tract. The present study evaluated the reflex effects of esophageal distension (ED) on the distribution of motor activity to both inspiratory and expiratory muscles of the rib cage and abdomen and the resultant changes in thoracic and abdominal pressure during breathing. Studies were performed in 21 anesthetized spontaneously breathing dogs. ED was produced by inflating a balloon in the distal esophagus. ED decreased the activity of the costal and crural diaphragm

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Yu, J., Y. Wang, G. Soukhova, L. C. Collins, and J. C. Falcone. "Excitatory lung reflex may stress inspiratory muscle by suppressing expiratory muscle activity." Journal of Applied Physiology 90, no. 3 (2001): 857–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.90.3.857.

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Recently, a vagally mediated excitatory lung reflex (ELR) causing neural hyperpnea and tachypnea was identified. Because ventilation is regulated through both inspiratory and expiratory processes, we investigated the effects of the ELR on these two processes simultaneously. In anesthetized, open-chest, and artificially ventilated rabbits, we recorded phrenic nerve activity and abdominal muscle activity to assess the breathing pattern when the ELR was evoked by directly injecting hypertonic saline (8.1%, 0.1 ml) into lung parenchyma. Activation of the ELR stimulated inspiratory activity, which

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Luu, Billy L., Rachel A. McBain, Janet L. Taylor, Simon C. Gandevia, and Jane E. Butler. "Reflex response to airway occlusion in human inspiratory muscles when recruited for breathing and posture." Journal of Applied Physiology 126, no. 1 (2019): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00841.2018.

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Briefly occluding the airway during inspiration produces a short-latency reflex inhibition in human inspiratory muscles. This occlusion reflex seems specific to respiratory muscles; however, it is not known whether the reflex inhibition has a uniform effect across a motoneuron pool when a muscle is recruited concurrently for breathing and posture. In this study, participants were seated and breathed through a mouthpiece that occluded inspiratory airflow for 250 ms at a volume threshold of 0.2 liters. The reflex response was measured in the scalene and sternocleidomastoid muscles during 1) a co

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Gregory, J. E., A. K. Wise, S. A. Wood, A. Prochazka, and U. Proske. "Muscle history, fusimotor activity and the human stretch reflex." Journal of Physiology 513, no. 3 (1998): 927–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.927ba.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Muscle reflex activity"

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Pickup, C. M. "Studies on the reflex responses to joint displacement and muscle vibration in man." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376941.

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Merkle, Shannon L. M. "Exploring pain & movement relationships: is greater physical activity associated with reduced pain sensitivity & does endogenous muscle pain alter protective reflexes in the upper extremity?" Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2245.

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Pain and movement are intimately connected and nearly universal human experiences. However, our understanding of the extent, significance, and mechanisms of pain-movement relationships is limited. While pain is a normal, protective response to injury and potentially harmful stimuli, prolonged or dysfunctional neuromuscular adaptions in response to pain can contribute to a variety of pain conditions. Alternatively, movement (in the form of global physical activity, individual exercise programs, and/or specific motor learning/functional tasks) is often prescribed to help decrease pain and improv

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Cai, Bonnie Bao Yan. "Sex-related differences in the suppressive effects of peripheral morphine but not GABA on reflex jaw muscle activity evoked by glutamate application to the TMJ region in rats." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ58880.pdf.

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Basnayake, Shanika Deshani. "Identifying neurocircuitry controlling cardiovascular function in humans : implications for exercise control." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a61a482a-f861-4dcd-b0c5-47f50290c9d9.

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This thesis is concerned with the neurocircuitry that underpins the cardiovascular response to exercise, which has thus far remained incompletely understood. Small animal studies have provided clues, but with the advent of functional neurosurgery, it has now been made possible to translate these findings to humans. Chapter One reviews the background to the studies in this thesis. Our current understanding of the cardiovascular response to exercise is considered, followed by a discussion on the anatomy and function of various brain nuclei. In particular, the rationale for targeting the periaque

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Hesketh, Kathryn Louise. "Behaviour of H- and cutaneous reflexes at different levels of background muscle activity." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ59816.pdf.

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Le, Bozec Serge. "aspects et bases de la synergie des muscles agonistes chez l'Homme." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37599038x.

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Lienhard, Karin. "Effet de l'exercice physique par vibration du corps entier sur l'activité musculaire des membres inférieurs : approche méthodologique et applications pratiques." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4080/document.

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L’objectif de cette thèse a été d’analyser l’effet de l’exercice physique réalisé sur plateforme vibrante (whole-body vibration, WBV) sur l’activité musculaire des membres inférieurs, de développer des outils d’analyse méthodologiques et de proposer des recommandations pratiques d’utilisation. Deux études méthodologiques ont été menées pour identifier la méthode optimale permettant de traiter les signaux d'électromyographie de surface (sEMG) recueillis pendant la vibration et d'analyser l'influence de la méthode de normalisation de l'activité sEMG. Une troisième étude visait à mieux comprendre

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Klarner, Taryn. "A dissertation on nervous system control and interlimb coordination during rhythmic movement and on locomotor recovery after stroke." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7672.

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For those who have suffered a stroke, damage to the brain can result in a decreased ability to walk. The traditional therapy used for the recovery of walking, body weight supported treadmill training, has significant labour requirements that limit the availability of training to the larger stroke population. Thus, the conception and application of new, effective, and efficient rehabilitation therapies is required. To approach this, an understating of the intricate neural control behind walking is needed to form the principled foundation upon which locomotor therapies are based. Due to obser

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Stecina, Katinka. "Preferential suppression of transmission and candidate neurones mediating reflex actions from muscle group II afferents during fictive motor activity." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/270.

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This thesis examined two aspects of information processing by the feline spinal cord during centrally-evoked motor activity: 1) the modification of transmission from different sensory afferents and 2) the neuronal elements of reflex pathways from group II muscle afferents during fictive motor behaviours (i.e motoneuron activity under neuromuscular blockade). Fictive locomotion was evoked by electrical stimulation in the midbrain and fictive scratch was triggered by stimulation of the skin covering the ears following curare application to cervical dorsal roots in decerebrate in vivo feline p

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Books on the topic "Muscle reflex activity"

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Cai, Bonnie Bao Yan. Sex-related differences in the suppressive effects of peripheral morphine but not GABA on reflex jaw muscle activity evoked by glutamate application to the TMJ region in rats. National Library of Canada, 2001.

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Bobath, Berta. Abnormal postural reflex activity caused by brain lesions. 3rd ed. Heinemann Physiotherapy in association with The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy, 1985.

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Chartered Society of Physiotherapy (Great Britain), ed. Abnormal postural reflex activity caused by brain lesions. 3rd ed. W. Heinemann Medical Books, 1985.

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Abnormal Postural Reflex Activity Caused by Brain Lesions. 3rd ed. Butterworth-Heinemann, 1991.

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Keshav, Satish, and Alexandra Kent. Unintentional weight loss. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0080.

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Body weight is determined by the combination of metabolic rate, calorie intake, and activity levels. Natural weight loss is usually due to declining muscle mass, with the redistribution of muscle mass in the extremities, leading to greater truncal fat stores. Unintentional weight loss refers to weight loss that is not voluntary, and can reflect serious underlying pathology. It can be caused by inadequate nutritional intake, increased metabolism, malabsorption, or a combination of these factors. Weight loss of 5% of body weight over 6–12 months should be investigated. Cachexia is a complex synd

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Pfurtscheller, Gert, Clemens Brunner, and Christa Neuper. EEG-Based Brain–Computer Interfaces. Edited by Donald L. Schomer and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0047.

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A brain–computer interface (BCI) offers an alternative to natural communication and control by recording brain activity, processing it online, and producing control signals that reflect the user’s intent or the current user state. Therefore, a BCI provides a non-muscular communication channel that can be used to convey messages and commands without any muscle activity. This chapter presents information on the use of different electroencephalographic (EEG) features such as steady-state visual evoked potentials, P300 components, event-related desynchronization, or a combination of different EEG

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Armstrong, Neil, Alison M. McManus, and Joanne R. Welsman. Aerobic fitness. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199232482.003.0020.

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Peak V · O 2 limits the child’s capacity to perform aerobic exercise but it does not describe fully all aspects of aerobic fitness. Exercise of the intensity and duration required to elicit peak V · O 2 is rarely experienced by many young people.17,18 The vast majority ofhabitual physical activity is submaximal and of short duration and, under these circumstances, it is the transient kinetics of V · O 2 which reflect the integrated response of the oxygen delivery system and the metabolic requirements of the exercising muscle.19–21 Furthermore, peak V · O 2 is neither the best measure of a chil

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Book chapters on the topic "Muscle reflex activity"

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Dietz, V., I. K. Ibrahim, M. Trippel, and W. Berger. "Spastic Paresis: Reflex Activity and Muscle Tone in Elbow Muscles During Passive and Active Motor Tasks." In Spasticity. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78367-8_24.

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Tani, T., K. Kida, H. Yamamoto, and J. Kimura. "Reflexes Evoked in Various Human Muscles During Voluntary Activity." In Spinal Cord Monitoring and Electrodiagnosis. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75744-0_30.

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Loeb, G. E., J. A. Hoffer, N. Sugano, W. B. Marks, M. J. O’Donovan, and C. A. Pratt. "Activity Patterns of Identified Alpha Motoneurons to Cat Anterior Thigh Muscles during Normal Walking and Flexor Reflexes." In Motor Control. Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7508-5_28.

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van Gerpen, Jay A., and John N. Caviness. "Long Latency Reflexes and the Silent Period." In Clinical Neurophysiology. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190259631.003.0042.

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Long latency reflexes (LLRs) are EMG activity occurring during the transition from reflex to voluntary motor activity, which probably arise from a transcortical loop, including afferents within the dorsal column/medial lemniscal system to the sensorimotor cortex and corticospinal tract efferents. Depending upon the site of a lesion and its pathophysiology, LLRs may be absent, delayed, or enhanced. In disorders of cortical hyperexcitability, including cortical myoclonus, an LLR occurring 40–60 ms after stimulation of the median nerve at rest may be present (“C-reflex.”) In response to noxious stimuli to the lower extremities, a polysynaptic network of spinal neurons, flexor reflex afferents, induce a patterned withdrawal response, including hip and knee flexion. These flexor reflexes may aid in the diagnosis of disorders of spinal cord hyperexcitability. Normally, following high stimulation of a peripheral nerve innervating a muscle that is being strongly contracted, no electrical activity occurs for approximately 100 ms (“silent period.”_ In disorders of distal peripheral nerve or muscle hyperexcitability, the silent period may be absent.

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Cheshire, William P. "Autonomic Physiology." In Clinical Neurophysiology. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780195385113.003.0035.

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The autonomic nervous system consists of three divisions: the sympathetic (thoracolumbar), parasympathetic (craniosacral), and enteric nervous systems. The sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic outflows involve a two-neuron pathway with a synapse in an autonomic ganglion. Preganglionic sympathetic neurons are organized into various functional units that control specific targets and include skin vasomotor, muscle vasomotor, visceromotor, pilomotor, and sudomotor units. Microneurographic techniques allow recording of postganglionic sympathetic nerve activity in humans. Skin sympathetic activity is a mixture of sudomotor and vasoconstrictor impulses and is regulated mainly by environmental temperature and emotional influences. Muscle sympathetic activity is composed of vasoconstrictor impulses that are strongly modulated by arterial baroreceptors. Heart rate is controlled by vagal parasympathetic and thoracic sympathetic inputs. Vagal influence on the heart rate is strongly modulated by respiration; it is more marked during expiration and is absent during inspiration. This is the basis for the so-called respiratory sinus arrhythmia, which is an important index of vagal innervation of the heart. Power spectral analysis of heart rate fluctuations allows noninvasive assessment of beat-to-beat modulation of neuronal activity affecting the heart. Arterial baroreflex, cardiopulmonary reflexes, venoarteriolar reflex, and ergoreflexes control sympathetic and parasympathetic influences on cardiovascular effectors. The main regulatory mechanism that prevents orthostatic hypotension is reflex arterial vasoconstriction in the splanchnic, renal, and muscular beds triggered by a decrease in transmural pressure at the level of carotid sinus baroreceptors.

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Dietz, Volker, and Thomas Sinkjaer. "Secondary changes after damage of the central nervous system Significance of spastic muscle tone in rehabilitation." In Oxford Textbook of Neurorehabilitation, edited by Volker Dietz, Nick S. Ward, and Christopher Kennard. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198824954.003.0009.

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The relationship between clinical spasticity and spastic movement disorder in human adults is covered in this chapter. Exaggerated tendon tap reflexes associated with muscle hypertonia are the clinical signs of central nervous system lesions. Therefore, most antispastic treatments are directed at the reduction of reflex activity. However, a discrepancy exists between spasticity as measured in the clinic and movement disorder. Central motor lesions are associated with a loss of supraspinal drive and defective use of afferent input. These changes lead to paresis and maladaptation of the movement pattern. Secondary changes in mechanical muscle fibre and collagen tissue result in spastic muscle tone, which in part compensates for paresis and allows functional movements on a simpler level of organization. In mobile patients, functional training should be applied to improve both function and spasticity. Antispastic drugs can accentuate paresis and should primarily only be applied in non-ambulatory subjects.

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Dietz, Volker, and Thomas Sinkjaer. "Secondary changes after damage of the central nervous system: significance of spastic muscle tone in rehabilitation." In Oxford Textbook of Neurorehabilitation. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199673711.003.0009.

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The relationship between clinical spasticity and spastic movement disorder in human adultsis covered in this chapter. Signs of exaggerated tendon tap reflexes with muscle hypertonia are the consequence of central nervous system lesions. Most antispastic treatments are directed at the reduction of reflex activity. In recent years, a discrepancy between spasticity as measured in the clinic and movement disorder was noticed. Central motor lesions are associated with a loss of supraspinal drive and defective use of afferent input. These changes lead to paresis and maladaptation of the movement pattern. Secondary changes in mechanical muscle fibre and collagen tissue result in spastic muscle tone, which in part compensates for paresis and allows functional movements on a simpler level of organization. In mobile patients functional training should be applied to improve both function and spasticity. Antispastic drugs can accentuate paresis and should primarily only be applied in non-ambulatory subjects.

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Ahlskog, J. Eric. "Bladder Problems." In Dementia with Lewy Body and Parkinson's Disease Patients. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199977567.003.0023.

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Urinary problems occur with normal aging. In women they often relate to the changes in female anatomy due to the delivering of babies. With superimposed age-related changes in soft tissues, laxity may result in incontinence (loss of urinary control), especially with coughing, laughing, or straining. In men the opposite symptom tends to occur: urinary hesitancy (inability to evacuate the bladder). This is due to constriction of the bladder outlet by an enlarging prostate; the prostate normally surrounds the urethra, through which urine passes. DLB and PDD are often associated with additional bladder problems. Recall that the autonomic nervous system regulates bladder function and that this system tends to malfunction in Lewy disorders. Hence, reduced bladder control is frequent among those with DLB, PDD, and Parkinson’s disease. This condition is termed neurogenic bladder, which implies that the autonomic nervous system control of bladder reflexes is not working properly. This may manifest as urgency with incontinence or hesitancy. Neurogenic bladder problems require different strategies than those used for treating the simple age-related problems that develop in mid-life and beyond. Moreover, there are certain caveats to treatment once a neurogenic bladder is recognized. The bladder is simply a reservoir that holds urine. It is located in the lower pelvis and is distant from the kidneys. The kidneys essentially filter the circulating blood and make the urine. The urine flows down from the kidneys into the bladder, as shown in Figure 14.1. Normally, as the bladder slowly fills with urine, a reflex is triggered when it is nearly full. This results in conscious awareness of the need to urinate, plus it primes the reflexive tendency of the bladder to contract in order to expel the urinary contents. The bladder is able to contract because of muscles in the bladder walls. Normally, nerves activate these muscles at the appropriate time, which forcefully squeeze the bladder, expelling the urine. Nerve sensors in the bladder wall are activated by bladder filling and transmit this information to the central nervous system, ramping up bladder wall muscle activity.

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Atkinson, Martin E. "The autonomic nervous system." In Anatomy for Dental Students. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199234462.003.0025.

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A large part of the nervous system is dedicated to the control of the internal viscera and their functions. Much of the activity of these organs is controlled reflexly at the brainstem level, e.g. the cardiovascular and respiratory centres (the vital centres) in the reticular formation of the medulla controlling cardiac and respiratory activity. There are also centres in the cerebrum, notably the hypothalamus in the diencephalon. Somatic and visceral functions are closely integrated at these higher levels; think of the effect that emotional factors or somatic stimulation can have on heart rate, blood pressure, and gastrointestinal activity when we are nervous or are in pain. The nerves involved in these activities are described as visceral sensory or visceral motor nerves because they control visceral function; this distinguishes them from somatic sensory nerves from peripheral receptors and somatic motor nerves controlling voluntary function. Visceral motor neurons innervate smooth muscle and secretory cells of the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems, the smooth and cardiac muscle of the cardiovascular system, the sweat glands and arrector pili muscles of the skin, and the muscles of the ciliary body and iris of the eyeball. In many cases, there is a dual supply from the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. In both divisions of the autonomic nervous system, there is a sequence of two neurons between the CNS and the effector organ which synapse in peripheral autonomic ganglia. The neurons from the CNS to the synapse in the ganglion are the preganglionic neurons and those from the ganglia to the effector organs are the postganglionic neurons. The enteric plexus is a third set of neurons interposed between the post-ganglionic neurons and the effector cells in the gastrointestinal tract. Figure 17.1 compares the general arrangement of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. The cell bodies of sympathetic visceral preganglionic motor neurons are located in the intermediolateral horns of the thoracic and upper lumbar segments of the spinal cord while those of the parasympathetic visceral preganglionic (secretomotor) neurons are in the nuclei of four of the cranial nerves and the sacral segments of the spinal cord.

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Hubli, Michèle, and Volker Dietz. "Spinal neuronal dysfunction after deprivation of supraspinal input." In Oxford Textbook of Neurorehabilitation, edited by Volker Dietz, Nick S. Ward, and Christopher Kennard. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198824954.003.0008.

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A central nervous system lesion can lead to remote structural and functional changes which may limit functional recovery. For example, after a spinal cord injury (SCI) structural and functional alterations of spinal neuronal networks take place: in the first weeks after an SCI, neither locomotor nor spinal reflex (SR) activity can be evoked. Once spinal shock has resolved, an early SR component can be re-evoked and locomotor electromyography (EMG) activity re-appears when appropriate proprioceptive input is provided. In a more chronic stage of SCI alterations in SR components are accompanied by a decline of EMG amplitude in the leg muscles during assisted locomotion. According to rodent experiments it is assumed that the deprivation of supraspinal input and the lack of meaningful proprioceptive input to spinal neuronal networks account for such alterations. A critical combination of sensory cues through physiological training strategies might prevent the development of an undirected neural plasticity.

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Conference papers on the topic "Muscle reflex activity"

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Abraham, P. M., and S. E. Wilson. "Effects of a Lumbar Belt on Neuromotor Transmission of Whole Body Vibration." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42358.

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Whole body vibration (WBV) has been identified as a risk factor for low back musculoskeletal disorders and injuries. One potential mechanism by which WBV may lead to low back injury is through stimulation of muscle spindle organs and repetitive activation of the stretch-reflex neuromotor response. Such repetitive activation could lead to muscular fatigue and/or neuromotor adaptation. Understanding mechanical transmission of vibration to the neuromotor system and the resulting neuromotor activation is critical to understanding these mechanisms. In this study, it was theorized that activation of

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Chen, Kai, and Richard A. Foulds. "The Mechanics of Perturbed Upper Limb Movement Control." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37201.

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The dependence of muscle force on muscle length gives rise to a “spring - like” behavior which has been shown to play an important role during movement. This study extended this concept and incorporated the influential factors of the mechanical behavior of the neural, muscular and skeletal system on the control of elbow movement. A significant question in motor control is determining how information about movement is used to modify control signals to achieve desired performance. One theory proposed and supported by Feldman et. is the equilibrium point hypothesis (EPH). In it the central nervou

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Shigueva, Tatiana, Vladimir Kitov, Inesa Kozlovskaya, Oleg Orlov, and Elena Tomilovskaya. "EFFECTS OF 21-DAYS DRY IMMERSION ON CHARACTERISTICS OF MOTOR UNIT’S ACTIVITY AND OF REFLEX EXCITABILITY OF CALF EXTENSOR MUSCLES." In XVI International interdisciplinary congress "Neuroscience for Medicine and Psychology". LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1345.sudak.ns2020-16/530-531.

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Lall, Pradeep, Hao Zhang, and Rahul Lall. "Design and Development of Biometric Sensor Wearable Band Using Flexible Electronics." In ASME 2017 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2017 Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2017-74232.

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Flexible electronics have a myriad of potential applications in fields such as healthcare, soldier situational awareness, soldier rehabilitation, sports performance, and textile manufacturing among other areas. The primary benefits that flexible electronics provide to both the producers and consumers are their light weight, low power consumption, efficiency, low cost of production, flexibility, and scalability. In comparison to rigid electronics, these systems would be subjected to a greater amount of mechanical and thermal stress in real-time due to their ability to be flexed, rolled, folded,

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Chen, Kai, and Richard Foulds. "Optimization of Stiffness and Damping in Modeling of Voluntary Elbow Flexions." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62219.

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A subsequent study of obstructed voluntary arm movement extended the relative damping concept, and incorporated the influential factors of the mechanical behavior of the neural, muscular and skeletal system in the control and coordination of arm posture and movement. A significant problem of the study is how this information should be used to modify control signals to achieve desired performance. This study used an Equilibrium Point Hypothesis (EPH) model to examine changes of controlling signals for arm movements in the context of adding perturbation/load in the form of forces/torques. The me

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