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Academic literature on the topic 'Muslim Terrorists'
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Journal articles on the topic "Muslim Terrorists"
1
Grillo, Michael C., Juris Pupcenoks, and Keith B. Lyle. "Handedness and the neurocognitive foundations of public attitudes about international laws and norms." Politics and the Life Sciences 37, no. 1 (2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pls.2017.30.
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Whether Geneva Conventions (GC) rights should apply to terrorists is a contentious question that has received little attention in public opinion research. Both personality and contextual factors may be important. We queried participants’ support for applying the GC to alleged terrorists, but first we measured participants’ authoritarianism and presented them with a scenario concerning an alleged terrorist. We manipulated whether (1) the scenario contained examples of GC rights and (2) the alleged terrorist’s religious affiliation was Muslim or non-Muslim. Support for applying the GC to alleged terrorists was high and unaffected by providing examples of GC provisions, but it was negatively related to authoritarianism. Support was reduced by priming with a Muslim terrorist, but only among participants exhibiting a behavioral marker for limited interhemispheric interaction — consistent-handedness. Consistent-handers in our sample expressed greater authoritarianism, suggesting that limited interhemispheric interaction promotes greater authoritarianism, which decreases support for applying the GC to alleged terrorists.
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Ibrahim, Zakyi. "Violent Muslim Extremism Flagrantly Dares the World." American Journal of Islam and Society 32, no. 4 (2015): i—vi. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v32i4.1003.
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This editorial reflects on an aspect of the root causes of the current refugeeand migrant influx into Europe: Can the Muslim world’s extremist elements,who brazenly continue to dare the international community, be decisively defeatedso that peace and tranquility can be restored to the Middle East and theworld at large? I contend that this menace can be decisively eliminated. However,and most importantly, the international community – all of its potentials,commitments, and declarations notwithstanding – lacks a genuine unity ofpurpose and a strong will to defeat it.A Brief ClarificationThe definition of a terrorist is simple and clear, and yet there is no consensusor objectivity on whom and how to apply it.1Although any individual or groupthat terrorizes others can be described as terrorist, people tend to ascribe it onlyto those with whom they disagree (mainly Muslims). Thus when their “kind”or allies engage in similar acts they are not terrorists.2All those who use violenceto terrorize others need to be labeled terrorists, regardless of their politicaland religious affiliations. I employ violent Muslim extremists here because itaccurately describes the people I have in mind: Those Muslims who are violentand extremist, and nobody else. But terrorist can – and should – be applied toanyone who uses violence against others ...
3
Saleem, Muniba, Sara Prot, Craig A. Anderson, and Anthony F. Lemieux. "Exposure to Muslims in Media and Support for Public Policies Harming Muslims." Communication Research 44, no. 6 (2015): 841–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093650215619214.
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Few studies have empirically examined how media stereotypes of Muslims influence Americans’ support for public policies exclusively harming Muslims. Across three studies, we tested the short-term and long-term effects of news portraying Muslims as terrorists on Americans’ support for public policies harming Muslims domestically and internationally. Study 1 revealed that exposure to news portraying Muslims as terrorists is positively associated with support for military action in Muslim countries. Study 2 revealed that exposure to news portraying Muslims as terrorists is positively associated with support for public policies that harm Muslims domestically and internationally; this effect was fully mediated by perceptions of Muslims as aggressive. Experimental results from Study 3 revealed that exposing participants to negative Muslim media footage, relative to neutral or no-video footage, increased perceptions of Muslims as aggressive, increased support for harsh civil restrictions of Muslim Americans, and increased support for military action in Muslim countries. Exposure to positive Muslim footage yielded opposite results. We discuss the importance of media in exacerbating aggressive attitudes and public policies in the context of intergroup relations.
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Bahrainwala, Lamiyah. "When Terrorists Play Ball." Communication & Sport 6, no. 6 (2017): 680–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167479517736758.
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Public discourse often forwards Muslim athletes as examples of “exceptional” Muslims who are “moderate.” This signals that engaging in discourse about sports can allow U.S. Muslims to tap into the nationalism and respectability necessary for demonstrating citizenship, and combat increased scrutiny and charges of radicalization. This article examines the discursive ripples that result when this connection between sports, nationalism and respectability, and “moderate Muslims” is disrupted. I take up the case study of the 2013 Boston Marathon Bombing mastermind, Tamerlan Tsarnaev, who was also an accomplished boxer. First, I describe how discourse about sports emerges in conversations about “moderate Muslims,” and second, I examine how Tsarnaev’s athletic accomplishments mediate his terrorist persona in the news coverage. I draw on respectability politics and Jasbir Puar’s concept of the hypertrophied heterosexual in my analysis. In doing so, I establish how discourse about sports mediates conversations about U.S. Muslim identity and furthers U.S. exceptionalism.
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Rosyid, Moh. "Perempuan dalam Jaringan Radikalisme vis a vis Terorisme Global." MUWAZAH 10, no. 2 (2018): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.28918/muwazah.v10i2.1782.
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This paper discusses about women in the framework of a global radical network on behalf of Islam as the basis of their struggle. This study uses a qualitative approach, with data sources from mass media and electronic media (newspapers, television, social media, etc.). Data collection techniques using document study. Analysis techniques use content analysis. The results show that women's involvement in the terrorist movement has been identified since the 1970s, where women became bombers after being brainwashed by male terrorists. Factors that led to the involvement of women in the global terrorism network, namely: 1) as an escape because of the discriminatory treatment that befell them; 2) reasons for concern over the inequalities suffered by the global Muslim community; 3) narrow religious awareness so that by becoming terrorists they feel they have the same social position as male terrorists in jihad; 4) psychologically unstable because of problems, and they surf on social media, so they are vulnerable to being trapped as terrorists and; 5) women whose husbands become terrorists are also involved as terrorists. The strategy carried out by terrorist groups in conquering women is by marrying them, even marrying them through social media that is legalized and / or legalized, so that according to the husband's wishes.
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Gotanda, Neil. "The Racialization of Islam in American Law." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 637, no. 1 (2011): 184–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716211408525.
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After 9/11, the “Muslim terrorist” trope altered the American understanding of Islam. This article argues that the Muslim terrorist in our popular culture should not be seen as new but within an established tradition of racializing Asian Americans. The article employs three dimensions of racialization: raced body, racial category, and ascribed subordination. The raced body is the “brown” body of immigrants and descendants of immigrants from North Africa, the Middle East, and Central and Southern Asia. “Muslim” as a racial category has acquired meaning beyond religion and now also describes a racial category: those whose ancestry traces to countries where Islam is significant. Linked to that category are the stereotypes of “terrorist,” “spy,” or “saboteur”—understandings within the tradition of characterizing Asian Americans as permanent, unassimilable foreigners. Inscribing the linked racial category and ascribed subordination of permanent foreignness upon the “brown” raced body is the racialization of Muslims into Muslim terrorists.
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Brooks, Risa A. "Muslim “Homegrown” Terrorism in the United States: How Serious Is the Threat?" International Security 36, no. 2 (2011): 7–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00055.
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Since the September 11 attacks, analysts and public officials have expressed growing concern about the potential of Muslim citizens and residents of the United States to plot attacks within the country's borders—a phenomenon sometimes referred to as “homegrown” terrorism. To assess this apparent threat, it is necessary to examine what is known about the willingness and capacity of Muslim Americans to execute deadly attacks in the United States. Three conditions, either alone or together, could contribute to an increasing threat of homegrown terrorism. The first concerns what is known about the radicalization of Muslim Americans and whether a surge in arrests in 2009 indicates a growing trend in Muslim American terrorism. The second relates to the capacity of aspiring militants to avoid detection as they prepare attacks. The third depends on the skills of aspiring terrorists and therefore their capacities to execute increasingly sophisticated attacks. The analysis should be generally reassuring to those concerned about Muslim homegrown terrorism. On both analytical and empirical grounds, there is not a significant basis for anticipating that Muslim Americans are increasingly motivated or capable of successfully engaging in lethal terrorist attacks in the United States.
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Kustana, Tatan. "Islamic terrorism in Indonesia: Addressing Government Strategies and Muslim Population." Jurnal Pertahanan 3, no. 2 (2017): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33172/jp.v3i2.145.
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<p><em>This paper shows how Terrorism has been emerging in the world, the potency to be spread out in the South-East Asian nations, and how Indonesia could face internal challenges to do counter-terrorism of the false Jihad, with multitrack diplomacy, primarily with Police and National Agency for Combating Terrorism counter-terrorism programs. In the perspective of defense strategy, the issue of terrorism brings several implications (Indonesian White Paper 2008, p. 9). The condition of Indonesian community with low educational levels and low economic income becomes target for terrorist actors to expand the network by developing and recruiting new members. The threat of Islamic terrorism is categorized as a national security threat. The Indonesian Government through its security apparatus still have to work hard to hunt down other terrorists, to undertake preventive efforts to prevent Islamic fundamentalist beliefs not to develop and increased education level and the understanding of Islam more comprehensively.</em></p>
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Kusuma, Bayu Mitra A. "Transnational Islam, Regional Terrorism, and Military Power: The Rise of Muslim Special Unit in the Philippines Armed Force." Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights 2, no. 2 (2018): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v2i2.8363.
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The Southern Philippines is known as one of the areas that never get out of conflict. Even in 2017 the public was shocked by the emergence of the Maute group in Marawi which affiliated with ISIS or Daesh transnational terrorists. They undertake a lot of human rights violations such as kidnapping and murder. In addition, terrorist groups that have existed before like Abu Sayyaf often operate by crossing several Southeast Asian countries waters boundary, so the problem is transformed into a regional issue. To face this problem, the Philippines government formed a Muslim special unit in their military power. On the one hand, it’s has a positive impact: (1) Religious and cultural approach will open up a larger dialogue space compared to a conventional military approach; (2) More adaptable and diffuse to gain local community support; and (3) Greatly facilitate coordination and cooperation with the military of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei Darussalam as a country with Muslim majority population. But on the other hand, it’s also has a negative impact: (1) Potential emergence of factions within the military or gap between the Muslim units with other soldier; and (2) Reinforcing the stigma that Muslims are terrorists and must be fought with hard-core Muslim behind military uniform.
10
Vertigans, Stephen, and Philip Sutton. "Back to the Future: ‘Islamic Terrorism’ and Interpretations of past and Present." Sociological Research Online 6, no. 3 (2001): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.631.
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Commentaries on September's acts of terrorism have tended to rely upon secular accounts to explain both the terrorism and the wider, less violent Islamic resurgence. This has meant that the explanatory focus has been upon threats to Muslims, the negative impact of globalization and interrelated modernization and the role of America within global relations and the Middle East in particular. These generalisations are problematic because they fail to explain the broader appeal of Islam, the character and contemporary nature of Islamic movements and in the instance of the terrorists and al-Qa'ida, the relatively wealthy and educated backgrounds of a significant number of the terrorists. As a corrective, the paper expands the focus to include the awareness of contemporary problems and the historical origins and successes of Islam that are both seen to legitimise the need for a radical form of Islam, interpreted as a comprehensive way of life. This awareness has been significantly aided through contemporary developments in technology, mass communications and transport networks allied to the rapid growth of education across Muslim countries. These factors, rather than diminishing the appeal of religion, as secularists have argued, are instrumental in the Islamic resurgence generally and specifically in facilitating terrorist activity.