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Academic literature on the topic 'Mutants de l'ARN polymérase C'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mutants de l'ARN polymérase C"
Moenne, Alejandra. "Étude du système de transcription de classe C chez la levure : analyse de mutants conditionnels de l'ARN polymérase C." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112334.
Full textCette thèse porte sur l'étude du système de transcription des gènes de classe C chez la levure Saccharomyces cerevisiae en se fondant sur l'analyse de mutants thermosensibles affectés au niveau de l'ARN polymérase C. Les mutants rpc160-20, rpcl60-31 et rpc160-41 portent une mutation de la plus grande sous-unité (C160) de l'ARN polymérase C est le mutant RPC53:H+ porte une cassure intégrative du gène codant pour la sous-unité C53. In vivo, les mutants présentent un déséquilibre de la synthèse des petits ARN transcrits par l'ARN polymérase C. La synthèse des ARNt est très fortement diminuée comparée à celle de l'ARN 5S. Les propriétés structurales et fonctionnelles des ARN polymérases C mutées ont été examinées. L'étude in vitro réalisée avec des systèmes de transcription reconstitués a permis de mettre en évidence le rôle de la sous-unité C160 dans la transcription spécifique des gènes. De façon générale, le déséquilibre dans la synthèse d'ARNt et d'ARN 5S est dû à une diminution de la quantité d'enzyme dans les cellules, probablement par défaut d'assemblage de l'enzyme. D'autre part, aucune corégulation du taux d'enzyme C et des facteurs de transcription TFIIIB et TFIIIC (t) n'a été observée. Grâce au mutant rpc160-41 le rôle de l'ARN polymérase C dans la transcription du gène du petit ARN nucléaire snR6 de levure (homologue du snRNA U6 de mammifère) a été mis en évidence. Ce gène a été exprimé dans un système de transcription in vitro qui nécessite de l'ARN polymérase C est la fraction TFIIIB
Bellecave, Pantxika. "Sélection et caractérisation d'aptamères inhibiteurs de l'ARN polymérase ARN dépendante du virus de l'hépatite C." Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR21289.
Full textHepatitis C (HCV) infection is a major health problem worldwide. The current therapy is not effective for half of treated patients thus, the development of new and specific drugs are urgently needed. Among the viral functions essential for viral replication, one of the most attractive targets for the development of drugs is the RNA dependant RNA polymerase (RdRp). Using a combinatorial approach (SELEX), DNA aptamers which bind specifically the HCV RdRp were selected. Three of these aptamers are able to inhibit the RNA synthesis in vitro. The binding and the inhibitory potential of 2 of these aptamers were associated with the random region. These aptamers, which display different secondary structures, inhibit specifically HCV RdRp by 2 distinct mechanisms : one is able to inhibit elongation whereas the other acts predominantly on initiation. The effect of the aptamers on HCV replication in a cellular context was studied with replicon system
Fourar, Monia. "Dynamique structurale de l'ARN polymérase ARN dépendante NS5B : une nouvelle cible pour l'inhibition de la réplication du virus de l'hépatite C." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20137.
Full textThe non-structural protein RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) NS5B plays a key role in hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication and is currently considered as one of the most relevant target to develop safe anti-HCV agents. Although many small molecules have been identified as inhibitors of NS5B, very few are active in clinic. The structure and function of NS5B have been well characterized and as other polymerases, NS5B adopts a typical “right-hand” conformation containing the characteristic fingers, palm and thumb subdomains. The activation of NS5B requires conformational changes involving intramolecular contacts as well interactions with viral proteins and host factors in the replication complex. We developed a new strategy for NS5B inhibition based on short interfacial peptides derived from NS5B surface accessible motifs that target protein-protein interfaces or essential motifs involved in NS5B-activation. Combining the NS5B crystallogaphic structure and molecular modelling, we have designed short peptides derived from NS5B surface “hotspots” that were screened using HCV genotype 1b replicon cell system. We have identified Moon1, a short 15-residu peptide, derived from a well-conserved motif located in the NS5B thumb domain that inhibits HCV replication in the low nanomolar range. Moon1 tightly binds NS5B in a conformational-dependent manner and induces NS5B conformational changes. This peptide specifically inhibits double-stranded RNA/NS5B interactions in a dose-dependent and metal ions-independent manner. Moon1 blocks the transition between RNA de novo initiation and primer-extension. We showed that residues required for Moon-1 anti-polymerase activity are well-conserved among HCV genotypes and subtypes and a minimal Moon1 active motif was established. Taken together, these results demonstrate that NS5B structural dynamics constitute an attractive target for HCV chemotherapeutics and for the design of more specific new antiviral drugs
Moenne, Alejandra. "Etude du système de transcription de classe C chez la levure analyse de mutants conditionnels de l'ARN polymérase C /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37616583x.
Full textReigadas, Sandrine. "L'ARN polymérase ARN dépendante du virus de l'Hépatite C (VHC) : expression et étude de son mécanisme d'action in vitro : recherche d'inhibiteurs." Bordeaux 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR20942.
Full textMicouin, Jean-Yves. "Clonage et étude du gène RPC53 codant pour la sous-unité "C53" de l'ARN-polymérase C de la levure Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112149.
Full textAhmed, El Sayed Neveen. "Study of RNA synthesis of hepatitis C virus in vitro and in cells of hepatocarcinoma." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR21868/document.
Full textThe hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B protein displays a RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity essential for replication of the viral RNA genome. This replication involves the synthesis of a replication intermediate of negative polarity. In vitro and likely in vivo, the NS5B initiates RNA synthesis by a de novo mechanism which requires specific interactions between the polymerase and viral RNA elements. In the first part of results, we described a combined structural and functional analysis of HCV-NS5B to study the role of a C-terminal segment (termed linker) and of GTP in RNA synthesis. Our results demonstrated that high GTP concentrations are necessary for the transition from the initiation to the elongation of RNA synthesis, and that linker mutations at position S556 did not modify the GTP requirement of NS5B for this transition. However, the initiation of RNA synthesis was greatly enhanced by a S556K mutation. These results together with a structural analysis point to the direct involvement of the linker in the de novo initiation of RNA synthesis. In the second and third parts of results, we studied the role of RNA elements in RNA synthesis. We demonstrated that the SL-E1 stem–loop formed by nucleotides 177–222 from the 3’-end of the HCV (-) RNA is important for RNA synthesis both in vitro by the recombinant NS5B and in Huh7 cells by HCV replication complex (RC). We also showed that SL-E1 is involved in initiation of RNA synthesis, at least in vitro. Then we studied the role of other viral RNA elements in core coding sequences (SLV and SLVI stem loops) and the involvement of the microRNA miR122 in RNA translation and RNA synthesis. For SLV and SLVI, our data did not show any clear role of these core-coding sequences or of their complement in the (-) RNA in RNA synthesis both in vitro by the recombinant NS5B and in cell culture by HCV-RC. We confirmed their negative effect on HCV-IRES translation through long range RNA-RNA interaction between SL-VI sequences and the 5’UTR and demonstrated that miR122 cannot disrupted this interaction and switches the region to an open conformation. Conversely, our data indicated that the SL-VI domain can counteract the negative effect of the interaction between the domain III of IRES and the 5BSL3.2 stem loop localized at the 3’end of the genome. These results point to the complexity of RNA/RNA and RNA/proteins interactions in the HCV replication cycle
Ghodgaonkar, Medini M. "Rôle de la poly(ADP-ribose) polymérase-1 (PARP-1) dans les réponses cellulaires aux dommages à l'ADN induits par les UV; mécanisme d'inactivation de l'interférence de l'ARN durant l'apoptose /c Medini Ghodgaonkar." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19856.
Full textMeguellati, Amel. "Synthèse de biomolécules agissant comme inhibiteurs de l'ARN polymérase ARN dépendante du virus de l'hépatite C et développement de nouveaux surfactants comme stabilisants des protéines membranaires par réseaux de ponts salins." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GRENV001.
Full textThe PhD project focuses on biomolecules and is divided into two parts. The first part concerns the design and synthesis of natural product derivatives with therapeutic interest in order to develop new molecules with antiviral activity. Recently, aurones were identified as new inhibitors of hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B polymerase. Following these results, efforts were continuedand we undertook, on the one hand,the synthesis of original analogues in which the aurone B-ring was replaced by a heterocyclic rings and, on the other hand, the synthesis of aurone pseudodimers in order to refine the structural requirements to improve the inhibitory effect. The potent NS5B inhibitory activity combined with their low toxicity make aurones attractive drug candidates against HCV infection. The second part of the PhD thesis is unrelated to the first part and concerns more fundamental aspects. It focused on the synthesis of new surfactants acting as stabilizing agents during extraction of membrane proteins (PM). Surfactants are required for maintaining PM in their functional state after extraction from membrane lipid matrix. The vast majority of PM shares a net enrichment in basic residues at the interface between membrane and cytoplasm, a property known as the positive inside rule. Based on this feature, a new family of surfactants is developed and tested on membrane proteins belonging to the multidrug ABC efflux pumps family
Benoît, Perrine. "Contrôle traductionnel au cours de l'ovogenèse de Drosophila melanogaster : étude de Wispy, une poly(A) polymérase cytoplasmique de type GLD-2 et de Bicaudal-C, une protéine de liaison à l'ARN." Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON1T022.
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