Academic literature on the topic 'Mutualisme'

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Journal articles on the topic "Mutualisme"

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Sachs, Joel L., Ryan G. Skophammer, Nidhanjali Bansal, and Jason E. Stajich. "Evolutionary origins and diversification of proteobacterial mutualists." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1775 (2014): 20132146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.2146.

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Mutualistic bacteria infect most eukaryotic species in nearly every biome. Nonetheless, two dilemmas remain unresolved about bacterial–eukaryote mutualisms: how do mutualist phenotypes originate in bacterial lineages and to what degree do mutualists traits drive or hinder bacterial diversification? Here, we reconstructed the phylogeny of the hyperdiverse phylum Proteobacteria to investigate the origins and evolutionary diversification of mutualistic bacterial phenotypes. Our ancestral state reconstructions (ASRs) inferred a range of 34–39 independent origins of mutualist phenotypes in Proteoba
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Wang, Rong, Xiao-Yong Chen, Yan Chen, et al. "Loss of top-down biotic interactions changes the relative benefits for obligate mutualists." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1897 (2019): 20182501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.2501.

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The collapse of mutualisms owing to anthropogenic changes is contributing to losses of biodiversity. Top predators can regulate biotic interactions between species at lower trophic levels and may contribute to the stability of such mutualisms, but they are particularly likely to be lost after disturbance of communities. We focused on the mutualism between the fig tree Ficus microcarpa and its host-specific pollinator fig wasp and compared the benefits accrued by the mutualists in natural and translocated areas of distribution. Parasitoids of the pollinator were rare or absent outside the natur
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Cortés Guavita, Fabio Alberto, and Patricia Toucas. "Réinventer le mutualisme en Colombie." Revue internationale de l'économie sociale: Recma, no. 315 (2010): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1020953ar.

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Liordos, Vasilios, Vasileios J. Kontsiotis, Ioanna Eleftheriadou, Stylianos Telidis, and Archimidis Triantafyllidis. "Wildlife Value Orientations and Demographics in Greece." Earth 2, no. 3 (2021): 457–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/earth2030027.

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Value orientations can predict attitudes and possibly behaviors. Wildlife value orientations (WVOs) are useful constructs for predicting differences in attitudes among segments of the public towards issues in the wildlife domain. We carried out face-to-face interviews with a representative sample of the Greek population (n = 2392) to investigate two basic WVOs, domination and mutualism and the four WVO types that result from their combination: traditionalist (high domination, low mutualism), mutualist (high mutualism, low domination), distanced (low mutualism, low domination) and pluralist (hi
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Shapiro, Jason W., Elizabeth S. C. P. Williams, and Paul E. Turner. "Evolution of parasitism and mutualism between filamentous phage M13 andEscherichia coli." PeerJ 4 (May 24, 2016): e2060. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2060.

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Background.How host-symbiont interactions coevolve between mutualism and parasitism depends on the ecology of the system and on the genetic and physiological constraints of the organisms involved. Theory often predicts that greater reliance on horizontal transmission favors increased costs of infection and may result in more virulent parasites or less beneficial mutualists. We set out to understand transitions between parasitism and mutualism by evolving the filamentous bacteriophage M13 and its hostEscherichia coli.Results.The effect of phage M13 on bacterial fitness depends on the growth env
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Steidinger, Brian S., and James D. Bever. "Host discrimination in modular mutualisms: a theoretical framework for meta-populations of mutualists and exploiters." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1822 (2016): 20152428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.2428.

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Plants in multiple symbioses are exploited by symbionts that consume their resources without providing services. Discriminating hosts are thought to stabilize mutualism by preferentially allocating resources into anatomical structures (modules) where services are generated, with examples of modules including the entire inflorescences of figs and the root nodules of legumes. Modules are often colonized by multiple symbiotic partners, such that exploiters that co-occur with mutualists within mixed modules can share rewards generated by their mutualist competitors. We developed a meta-population
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Dion, Gérard. "Crédit Agricole : du mutualisme à l'internationalisation." Pour 196-197, no. 1 (2008): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pour.196.0179.

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Segraves, Kari A., David M. Althoff, and Olle Pellmyr. "Limiting cheaters in mutualism: evidence from hybridization between mutualist and cheater yucca moths." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 272, no. 1577 (2005): 2195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2005.3201.

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Mutualisms are balanced antagonistic interactions where both species gain a net benefit. Because mutualisms generate resources, they can be exploited by individuals that reap the benefits of the interaction without paying any cost. The presence of such ‘cheaters’ may have important consequences, yet we are only beginning to understand how cheaters evolve from mutualists and how their evolution may be curtailed within mutualistic lineages. The yucca–yucca moth pollination mutualism is an excellent model in this context as there have been two origins of cheating from within the yucca moth lineag
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Peverelli, Olivier, Agnès Thouvenot, and Marc Uhry. "Une politique en archipel." Esprit Novembre, no. 11 (2023): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/espri.2311.0017.

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Vidal, Mayra C., Sheng Pei Wang, David M. Rivers, David M. Althoff, and Kari A. Segraves. "Species richness and redundancy promote persistence of exploited mutualisms in yeast." Science 370, no. 6514 (2020): 346–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abb6703.

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Mutualisms, or reciprocally beneficial interspecific interactions, constitute the foundation of many ecological communities and agricultural systems. Mutualisms come in different forms, from pairwise interactions to extremely diverse communities, and they are continually challenged with exploitation by nonmutualistic community members (exploiters). Thus, understanding how mutualisms persist remains an essential question in ecology. Theory suggests that high species richness and functional redundancy could promote mutualism persistence in complex mutualistic communities. Using a yeast system (S
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mutualisme"

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RABOTEAU, DOMINIQUE. "L'echelon local de la mutualite sociale agricole ou le mutualisme au quotidien." Angers, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ANGE0008.

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La mutualite sociale agricole est un organisme prive charge de la gestion du service public que constitue l'application de la legislation sociale aux exploitants et aux salaries agricoles. Elle est sans doute l'un des organismes de protection les plus originaux tant par sa structure que par son activite; son histoire et son developpement est bati sur une philosophie le mutualisme, dont l'impact en milieu agricole a ete considerable. Le souci de concretion, les notions de solidarite et de participation a conduit la msa a adopter une organisation decentralisee dont l'echelon local est sans doute
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Dufaÿ, Mathilde. "Conflits d'intérêts et rencontres des partenaires du mutualisme : le cas du mutualisme palmier nain / pollinisateur." Montpellier, ENSA, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENSA0009.

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Les mutualismes sont omniprésents dans la nature, mais les conflits d'intérêts qui opposent les partenaires peuvent rendre ces interactions instables. Certaines études théoriques issues de la théorie des jeux ont souligné l'importance du processus de la rencontre des partenaires pour la stabilité évolutive des mutualismes. Le but de cette étude était de comprendre, par une approche expérimentale, comment les conflits d'intérêts entre partenaires et l'émission des signaux facilitant leur rencontre à chaque génération agissent sur la stabilité des mutualismes à transmission horizontale. Nous avo
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Storelli, Gilles. "Caractérisation de l’interaction mutualiste liant Drosophila melanogaster à son symbionte Lactobacillus plantarum." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSL1041.

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Le microbiote a un impact majeur sur la physiologie de son hôte, cependant notre compréhension des mécanismes régulant la relation hôte/microbiote reste limitée. Nous utilisons un hôte modèle simple, la Drosophile, afin de répondre à ces questions. Durant mon doctorat, je me suis attaché à une étape particulière du cycle de vie de la Drosophile, sa phase larvaire. Celle-ci constitue sa phase de croissance et est influencée par le contexte nutritionnel. Le microbiote influence également cette étape: l’association avec la bactérie Lactobacillus plantarum tempère les effets de la carence alimenta
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Grangier, Julien. "Stabilité évolutive d'un mutualisme plante/fourmis obligatoire et spécifique." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/317/.

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En théorie, les dérives vers l'exploitation indirectionnelle sont fréquemment possibles dans les mutualismes, du fait d'anciens mutualistes évoluant vers le parasitisme ou d'organismes extérieurs s'immisçant dans les associations. Paradoxalement, les mutualismes sont partout. Comment perdurent-ils face à ces pressions déstabilisatrices ? Nous avons exploré cette question chez le myrmécophyte guyanais Hirtella physophora et son associé quasiment exclusif, la fourmi Allomerus decemarticulatus. Premièrement, les divers effets exercés l'un sur l'autre par les deux partenaires ont été examinés. Pou
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Soler, Catherine. "Parfum de figues : approche évolutive de la communication entre une plante, ses insectes pollinisateurs et ses vertébrés disperseurs." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20229/document.

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Pour l'ensemble des organismes vivants, la communication (intra ou interspécifique) est le véhicule de l'information, un élément central dans l'interaction entre individus. Elle a ainsi des impacts primordiaux sur les traits d'histoire de vie des espèces, et est donc façonnée par la sélection naturelle. Au cours de cette thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés à l'évolution de la médiation chimique, c'est-à-dire à la transmission d'informations par voie chimique entredeux individus, dans les interactions plantes/animaux. Nous avons choisi le modèle figuier et ses partenaires mutualistes, de la guêp
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Carval, Dominique. "Coévolution dans les systèmes hôte-visiteur : exploitation, mutualisme et symbiose." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066253.

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En 1859, Charles Darwin publiait ‛L’Origine des Espèces’ et posait ainsi la pierre fondatrice de la biologie moderne. Les organismes d’une espèce présentent des variations phénotypiques héritables qui, sous l’effet de la sélection naturelle, persistent ou disparaissent au fil des générations. L’image métaphorique découlant du darwinisme est ainsi celle d’un arbre de la Vie. A la fin du 19e siècle, Konstantin Mereschkowsky introduisit le concept novateur de symbiogenèse qui définit le processus par lequel deux organismes d’espèces différentes viennent à fusionner pour former une nouvelle entité
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Jousselin, Emmanuelle. "Evolution du mode de pollinisation dans le mutualisme ficus/agaonide." Montpellier, ENSA, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENSA0003.

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Lauth, Jérémie. "Conflits et stabilité évolutive dans un mutualisme tripartite plante - fourmis- champignon." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AGUY0622/document.

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Les mutualismes, interactions interspécifiques où chaque partenaire retire un bénéfice net de leur association, sont centraux dans l’origine et l’organisation de la biodiversité. Bien que globalement bénéfiques pour chacun des partenaires, ces interactions n’enlèvent rien à l’égoïsme inhérent de chaque espèce pour sa survie et sa reproduction, générant des conflits d’intérêts entre les espèces. Ainsi, comprendre les processus écologiques et évolutifs qui maintiennent le caractère mutualiste d’interactions entre plusieurs espèces est primordial dans la compréhension du maintien de la biodiversi
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Largo, Jiménez Fernando. "Mutualismo y capital social. El papel de la federación de mutualidades de Cataluña, 1896-1936." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/455148.

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En el presente trabajo, se aplica el marco teórico del capital social al estudio del mutualismo de trabajadores en España durante el primer tercio del siglo XX, periodo en el que alcanzó su auge y su declive. Se utilizan varios enfoques: el expansionista, centrado en la capacidad de las redes sociales para generar confianza y facilitar la acción colectiva y el meso, que destaca los recursos que fluyen dentro de las redes. Dependiendo de factores estructurales y relacionales (tamaño, verticalidad y horizontalidad, homogeneidad social, proximidad geográfica) se analiza su capacidad para generar
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Aubier, Thomas G. "Diversity of warning signals, speciation and clade diversification." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTG019/document.

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Les signaux d'avertissement que portent les proies toxiques (ou autrement défendues) offrent une opportunité unique de développer une vision intégrative de la diversification biologique. Ces signaux sont soumis à une forte sélection naturelle et sexuelle. D'une part, la stratégie d'échantillonnage utilisée par les prédateurs, caractérisée par l'apprentissage des signaux associés à la toxicité, protège les signaux en forte fréquence dans la communauté de proies. Cette sélection fréquence-dépendante positive favorise l'uniformité des phénotypes et la convergence de signaux entre espèces toxiques
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Books on the topic "Mutualisme"

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Pouzet, Marc. Mutualisme financier, société de personnes et postmodernité. CNRS, 2009.

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Pouzet, Marc. Mutualisme financier, société de personnes et postmodernité. CNRS, 2009.

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Dreyfus, Michel. Liberté, égalité, mutualité: Mutualisme et syndicalisme, 1852-1967. Editions de l'Atelier/Editions ouvrières, 2001.

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Du sillon-- à la puce: Un siècle de mutualisme. Serpenoise, 2009.

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The community of rights. University of Chicago Press, 1996.

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Souvereyns, Geert. Solidair in gezondheid: 100 jaar christelijk mutualisme in de Kempen. CM Turnhout, 2001.

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Johnston, Birchall, ed. The new mutualism in public policy. Routledge, 2001.

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Toucas-Truyen, Patricia. L' identité mutualiste. ENSP, 2001.

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Esperit d'associació: Cooperativisme i mutualisme laics al País Valencià, 1834- 1936. Universidad de Valencia, 2010.

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Support-bargaining, economics, and society: A social species. Routledge, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Mutualisme"

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Wilbur, Shawn P. "Mutualism." In The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_11.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Mutualism." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_2039-2.

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Rusch, Antje. "Mutualism." In Encyclopedia of Estuaries. Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8801-4_285.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Mutualism." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43978-4_2039.

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Hangay, George, Susan V. Gruner, F. W. Howard, et al. "Mutualism." In Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_4739.

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Ghosh, Paushali, Divya Singh, and Anuj Kumar Singh. "Mutualism." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_1377.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Mutualism." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_14276.

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Reitner, Joachim, and Volker Thiel. "Mutualism." In Encyclopedia of Geobiology. Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9212-1_239.

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Ghosh, Author-Paushali, Divya Singh, and Anuj Kumar Singh. "Mutualism." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1377-1.

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Callaway, Ragan M., and Jacob E. Lucero. "Soil biota and non-native plant invasions." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions. CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0045.

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Abstract The trajectory of plant invasions - for better or for worse - can be tied to interactions between plants and the soil community. Here, we highlight five broad ways in which belowground interactions can influence the trajectory of biological invasions by non-native plant species. First, many non-native plant species in their non-native ranges can interact very differently with the resident soil community than do native species. Second, non-native plant species often interact very differently with the soil community in their non-native ranges than in their native ranges, which can result in enemy release from antagonistic interactions. Third, non-native plant species can cultivate a soil community that disproportionately harms native competitors in invaded communities. Fourth, antagonistic soil biota in invaded communities can reduce the performance of non-native plant species, resulting in meaningful biotic resistance against invasion. Fifth, besides or in addition to antagonistic interactions with soil biota, soil mutualisms can promote the success of invasive plant species (i) when mutualists co-invade with non-native plant species that require obligate specialist mutualists, (ii) when mutualists enhance the performance of non-native plant species in their non-native ranges, and (iii) when biotic interactions in the invaded community suppress the soil mutualists of native plant species. We conclude that management practices aimed at manipulating plant - soil interactions have considerable potential to help control plant invasions, but further work is needed to understand the spatial, temporal, taxonomic and biogeographic drivers of context dependence in interactions among plants and soil biota.
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Conference papers on the topic "Mutualisme"

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Sinha, Soumya, and Ravinder Kumar. "Dynamics of a simple food chain with a mutualist(Facultative mutualism)." In 2016 IEEE Region 10 Humanitarian Technology Conference (R10-HTC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/r10-htc.2016.7906829.

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Gopalsamy, K., and Pingzhou Liu. "On a Discrete Model of Mutualism." In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Difference Equations. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203745854-14.

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O'Donnell, Kerry. "Evolution of theFusarium–Euwallaceaambrosia beetle mutualism." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.104886.

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Vostinar, Anya E., Luis Zaman, and Charles Ofria. "What Factors Drive the Evolution of Mutualism?" In GECCO '16: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference. ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2908961.2908967.

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Gopi, Ashwin Goutham, Bertha Jimenez, and Bharat Rao. "Symbiotic Mutualism: Entrepreneurship as Value Co-Creation." In 2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/picmet.2017.8125316.

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Granero, Adriana. "Starting hypothesis A proposed biological-artificial mutualism." In 37 Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe and XXIII Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Joint Conference (N. 1). Editora Blucher, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/proceedings-ecaadesigradi2019_237.

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Granero, Adriana. "Starting hypothesis - A proposed biological-artificial mutualism." In eCAADe 2019: Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution. eCAADe, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.569.

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Nazir, Mohsin, and Nandana Rajatheva. "Cooperative cognitive wireless communication based on biological mutualism." In 2010 Second International Conference on Communication Systems, Networks and Applications (ICCSNA). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccsna.2010.5588755.

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Holway, David A. "Usurpation of plant-pollinator mutualisms by non-native ants." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.104871.

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El-Dalil, A., Maha Sharkas, and Mohamed Khedr. "Priority level mutualism for emergency vehicle using game theory." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety (ICVES). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icves.2017.7991904.

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Reports on the topic "Mutualisme"

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Rodriguez, Russell, and Stanley Freeman. Characterization of fungal symbiotic lifestyle expression in Colletotrichum and generating non-pathogenic mutants that confer disease resistance, drought tolerance, and growth enhancement to plant hosts. United States Department of Agriculture, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7587215.bard.

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Fungal plant pathogens are responsible for extensive annual crop and revenue losses throughout the world. To better understand why fungi cause diseases, we performed gene-disruption mutagenesis on several pathogenic Colletotrichum species and demonstrated that pathogenic isolates can be converted to symbionts (mutualism, commensalism, parasitism) expressing non-pathogenic lifestyles. The objectives of this proposal were to: 1- generate crop-specific mutants by gene disruption that express mutualistic lifestyles, 2- assess the ability of the mutualists to confer disease resistance, drought tole
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Rodriguez, Russell J., and Stanley Freeman. Gene Expression Patterns in Plants Colonized with Pathogenic and Non-pathogenic Gene Disruption Mutants of Colletotrichum. United States Department of Agriculture, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7592112.bard.

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Fungal plant pathogens are responsible for extensive annual crop and revenue losses throughout the world. To better understand why fungi cause diseases, we performed gene-disruption mutagenesis on several pathogenic Colletotrichum species and demonstrated that pathogenic isolates can be converted to symbionts expressing non-pathogenic lifestyles. One group of nonpathogenic mutants confer disease protection against pathogenic species of Col!etotrichum, Fusarium and Phytophthora; drought tolerance; and growth enhancement to host plants. These mutants have been defined as mutualists and disease r
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De Santis, Hugh. Mutualism: An American Strategy for the Next Century. Defense Technical Information Center, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada385926.

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Burbano de Lara, Mario. Mutualista Pichincha: Concesión de hipotecas transnacionales a emigrante ecuatorianos. Inter-American Development Bank, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007081.

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Sayavedra-Soto, Luis, and Daniel Arp. Interactions between ammonia and nitrite oxidizing bacteria in co-cultures: Is there evidence for mutualism, commensalism, or competition? Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1375758.

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