Academic literature on the topic 'MWS-CST studio'

In this paper, a microstrip patch array antenna is designed and simulated to operate in the X-band frequency region at 9.5 GHz. For X-band communication transmission, it is necessary to suppress the side lobe radiation pattern of the antenna as much as possible to avoid the transmission being intercepted and/or received by undesirable neighbouring satellites. The geometrical design of the microstrip patch array antenna is simulated and executed using CST Microwave Studio (CST MWS) in order to study the effects of various antenna parameters such as S11, gain, directivity, side lobe level, and angular width. It is shown that the proposed antenna exhibits a low side lobe level of -14.2 dB with an acceptable high gain and directivity of 16.5 dB and 17.7 dB, respectively. The antenna configuration also has a size of only 285 mm × 59.275 mm which is much more compact and lightweight compared to the standard reflector antennas that are used for most X-band communication transmission. ABSTRAK: Kajian ini berkaitan antena cantuman barisan jalurmikro yang direka dan disimulasi beroperasi pada 9.5 GHz frekunsi daerah jalur-X. Pada transmisi komunikasi jalur-X, corak radiasi sisi-lobus antena perlu ditahan sebanyak mungkin bagi mengelak transmisi dipintas dan/atau diterima oleh satelit tetangga yang tidak di ingini. Rekaan geometri antena cantuman barisan jalurmikro disimulasi dan diuji menggunakan perisian CST Studio Gelombang Mikro (CST MWS) bagi mengkaji pelbagai kesan parameter antenna seperti S11, gandaan, keterarahan, tahap sisi-lobus dan lebar sudut. Didapati bahawa antena yang dicadangkan mempunyai tahap sisi-lobus -14.2 dB yang rendah dengan gandaan tinggi yang boleh diterima dan keterarahan sebanyak 16.5 dB dan 17.7 dB, masing-masing. Tatabentuk antena mempunyai saiz 285 mm × 59.275 mm yang kompak dan ringan berbanding antena pemantul piawai, di mana telah digunakan pada kebanyakan jalur-X transmisi komunikasi.

The most important part to be highlighted in developing a reliable microwave absorber is the material used to fabricate the absorber. As an alternative in managing the increase of the oil palm residues throughout the country, this study is focusing on developing a microwave absorber coating using oil palm fly ash. The software uses for design and simulation of microwave absorber is CST Microwave Studio (CST MWS) which enables the fast and accurate analysis of high frequency devices. The simulation design is fabricated to a number of layers which is coated by oil palm ash as a lossy element. The measurement and performance are carried out in the high broadband frequency of 8 to 12 GHz (X-band).

In this paper, the square-shaped dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) operating on higher order (𝑇𝐸𝛿13) mode for the fifth generation (5G) communication applications is presented. The proposed DR antenna is excited by using a microstrip feed line and designed at the operating frequency of 28 GHz. The Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 material having a thickness of 0.254mm and a dielectric constant of 2.2 is used for the substrate. The commercial CST microwave studio (CST MWS) is used for the optimization and simulation of the antenna design. The reflection coefficient, antenna gain, radiation efficiency, VSWR and radiation pattern are studied. A -10dB bandwidth of 4.6% (1.3 GHz) for VSWR2 with a gain of 5 dBi and radiation efficiency of 89%. The proposed antenna design is suitable for future 5G wireless communication applications.

In this paper hexagonal patch shape with hexagonal slot, ultra wideband antenna is proposed. The total dimensions of antenna are 55×43.5mm. Sides of hexagonal patch are taken 13mm each and hexagonal slot sides are taken as 3mm each. The antenna resonates at two frequencies in ultra wideband range (UWB). There is enhancement in BW in upper range ultra wideband frequency from 6.2 GHz to 8.2GHz due to hexagonal slot cut in hexagonal patch. The design is carried out using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio (MWS) suite. Co-Planar Waveguide (CPW) feed is used to feed antenna.

A very compact microstrip reconfigurable filter for fourth-generation (4G) and sub-6 GHz fifth-generation (5G) systems using a new hybrid co-simulation method is presented in this manuscript. The basic microstrip design uses three coupled line resonators with λ/4 open-circuited stubs. The coupling coefficients between the adjacent and non-adjacent resonators are used to tune the filter at the required center frequency to cover the frequency range from 2.5 to 3.8 GHz. The coupling coefficient factors between the adjacent resonators are adjusted to control and achieve the required bandwidth, while the input and output external quality factors are adjusted to ensure maximum power transfer between the input and output ports. Two varactor diodes and biasing circuit components are selected and designed to meet the targeted performance for the tunable filter. The impedance bandwidth is maintained between 95 and 115 MHz with measured return losses of more than 17 dB and measured insertion loss of less than 1 dB. Computer simulation technology (CST) is utilized to design and optimize the presented reconfigurable filter, with hybrid co-simulation technique, using both CST microwave studio (MWS) and CST design studio (DS), is applied to build the model by considering the SPICE representation for the varactor switches and all electronic elements of the biasing circuit. The introduced reconfigurable microstrip filter is also fabricated using a Rogers RO3010 material with a relative dielectric constant of 10.1 and it is printed on a very compact size of 13 × 8 × 0.81 mm3. An excellent agreement is obtained between the simulation and measurement performance.

Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is one of the most promising wireless communication solutions to be developed quickly because of the high-speed data, wide bandwidth and excellent immunity to multipath interference. In this work, the compact design of a modified circular monopole microstrip antenna is simulated and manufactured for the UWB applications. The simulation process of the proposed antenna was done based on the finite integration of the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio (MWS). The proposed antenna comprises a copper radiating patch, Roger’s Kappa-438 substrate, and a single stub act as a reflector. The simulation results showed a reasonable agreement with the results of the measurement and good performance was achieved in the range from 1.8 to 10 GHz with VSWR less than 2.0.

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) were developed to increase the operating temperatures of turbine blades in gas turbine engines. Non-contact inspection and the ability to penetrate into dielectric materials are two of the most important attributes of microwave non-destructive evaluation (NDE) and make it suitable for the non-destructive inspection of TBCs. In order to improve the detection sensitivity, it is important to optimize operation frequency. Computer simulation technology-microwave studio (CST-MWS) was used to optimize operation frequency in the evaluation of the top coating (TC) porosity and the metal substrate surface defects using microwave NDE. The results showed that the sensitive frequency is different when the TC thickness of under detection changes. So, it is necessary to choose appropriate operation frequency according to TC thickness to evaluate TBCs using microwave NDE.

In this paper, a dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with high gain and wide impedance bandwidth for fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication applications is proposed. The dielectric resonator antenna is designed to operate at higher-order T E δ 15 x mode to achieve high antenna gain, while a hollow cylinder at the center of the DRA is introduced to improve bandwidth by reducing the quality factor. The DRA is excited by a 50 Ω microstrip line with a narrow aperture slot. The reflection coefficient, antenna gain, and radiation pattern of the proposed DRAs are analyzed using the commercially available full-wave electromagnetic simulation tool CST Microwave Studio (CST MWS). In order to verify the simulation results, the proposed antenna structures were fabricated and experimentally validated. Measured results of the fabricated prototypes show a 10-dB return loss impedance bandwidth of 10.7% (14.3–15.9GHz) and 16.1% (14.1–16.5 GHz) for DRA1 and DRA2, respectively, at the operating frequency of 15 GHz. The results show that the designed antenna structure can be used in the Internet of things (IoT) for device-to-device (D2D) communication in 5G systems.

The paper presents a review on antenna designing and fabrication techniques with Microstrip Patch (MSP) development. The requirements of MSP are remote controlling, mobile communication, space communication and all wireless communication areas. Aim of this development is to provide a new approach of the designing and simulation of circularMSP for 5.8 GHz operating frequency. CST MICROWAVE STUDIO (MWS) facilitates the quick and accurate analysis of high frequency (HF) antennas which gives the responses and results before fabrication of actual patch with complete technology for 3D EM. FR-4 glass epoxy material board is used for fabrication which is admired and adaptable highpressure thermoset plastic laminate grade with superior strength to weight ratios. Circular MSP is easy to fabricate, portable, lightweight and low cost antenna. N9923A Field Fox RF VNA (Vector Network Analyser) were used for studying and testing all the parameters of fabricated MSP.

This work presents a comprehensive detailed comparative study of the three ultra-wideband and high directive antennas for the THz imaging, spectroscopy, and communication applications. Three different types of photoconductive antennas (log-spiral, Vivaldi, and bowtie antennas) are designed and simulated in the frequency range of 1 to 6 THz in the CST microwave studio (MWS). The enhanced directivity of the designed PCAs is achieved with the integration of the hemispherical silicon-based lens with the PCA gold electrode and quartz substrate of the proposed antennas. The performance of the designed PCAs is compared in terms of impedance and axial ratio bandwidths, directivity, and radiation efficiency of the proposed antennas. The reported log spiral, Vivaldi PCAs with added silicon lens exhibit the -10 dB impedance bandwidth of 6 THz, 3dB AR bandwidth of 5 THz, 6 THz, and 6 THz and peak total radiation efficiencies of 45%, 65%, and 95% respectively.

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With the establishment of digital television technology, improvements have emerged com- pared to analogue, such as bringing users better quality picture and video. This transition of the analogue/digital system is already a reality in Brazil, so that organs linked to the Brazilian government are performing the process of switch-off the analogue signal. This switch-off aims to release the electromagnetic spectrum in the UHF band to allow the expansion of mobile broadband. Due to this operation in adjacent bands, there is a pos- sibility that the LTE signal interferes with digital TV. Studies presented by researchers report that antennas designed with ”smart” characteristics can reduce interference from unwanted signals. When designed with dual polarization, such antennas enable the wireless link to become more robust due to differences polarization existing between the transmitter and the receiver of the current communications systems. This essay presents a new pro- posal of dual-polarized antenna, whose operating is destined to the radio frequency range of the digital television after the switch-off, so that it can be used in the current digital te- levision standard as in the next-generation of digital broadcasting. The proposed antenna was designed with a full wave electromagnetic field simulator. A prototype was simulated and built and experimental results showed that the proposed antenna could cover a band of 384 MHz in the UHF band and 40 MHz in the high VHF band as well as serving as a filter for the LTE band. Tests were performed using software defined radio and showed their reception quality.
Com o estabelecimento da tecnologia da televisão digital, melhorias surgiram comparadas com à analógica, como levar aos usuários uma melhor qualidade de imagem e vídeo. Essa transição do sistema analógico/digital já é uma realidade no Brasil, de modo que órgãos ligados ao governo brasileiro já estão realizando o processo de desligamento do sinal analógico. Esse desligamento que tem por objetivo liberar o espectro eletromagnético na faixa de UHF para permitir a expansão da banda larga móvel. Devido a esta operação em faixas adjacentes, existe a possibilidade do sinal LTE interferir na TV digital. Estudos apresentados por pesquisadores relatam que antenas projetadas com características de “inteligentes” podem reduzir interferências vindas de sinais indesejáveis. Quando projetadas com dupla polarização, tais antenas ainda possibilitam que o enlace sem fio se torne mais robusto frente às diferenças de polarização existentes entre o transmissor e o receptor dos sistemas de comunicações atuais. Esta pesquisa apresenta uma nova proposta de antena com dupla polarização, cuja faixa de operação é destinada a faixa de radiofrequência da televisão digital após o desligamento do sinal analógico, de forma a ser utilizada no atual sistema de televisão como em sua próxima geração. A antena proposta foi projetada com simulador de campo eletromagnético de onda completa. Um protótipo foi simulado e construído e os resultados experimentais demonstraram que a antena proposta pode cobrir uma banda de 384 MHz na faixa do UHF e 40 MHz na de VHF alto além de servir como filtro para a faixa do LTE. Testes foram realizados utilizando rádio definidos por software e mostraram sua qualidade de recepção.

In this paper optimal design of time modulated linear antenna arrays (TMLAA) with optimal placement of nulls in the desired direction of elevation plane has been dealt with the approach based on evolutionary algorithm like collective animal behaviour (CAB). Analysis has been done in theoretical and practical environment. Firstly the current excitation weights of the linear array of isotropic elements have been optimized by CAB is applied to improve null performance of TMLAA by Radio Frequency (RF) switch in MATLAB environment. The nulls positions of a TMLAA can be reduced significantly by optimizing the static excitation amplitudes and proper design of switch-on time intervals of each element. The CAB adjusts the current excitation amplitude of each element to place deeper nulls in the desired directions. Secondly the obtained optimal current excitation weight of the array factor is practically implemented in computer simulation technology- microwave studio (CST- MWS) environment. The array of microstrip patch antenna has been designed to operate at 5.85 GHz.

In this chapter, several planar array designs based on the use of a small number of the active elements located at the center of the planar array surrounded by another number of the uniformly distributed parasitic elements are investigated. The parasitic elements are used to modify the radiation pattern of the central active elements. The overall radiation pattern of the resulting planar array with a small number of active elements is found to be comparable to that of the fully active array elements with a smaller sidelobe level (SLL) at the cost of a relatively wider beamwidth and lower directivity. Nevertheless, the uses of only a small number of the active elements provide a very simple feeding network that reduces the cost and the complexity of the array. Simulation results which have been computed using computer simulation technology-microwave studio (CST-MWS) show that the sidelobe level of the designed array pattern with parasitic elements is considerably better than that of the similar fully active array elements. The proposed array can be effectively and efficiently used in the applications that require wider antenna beams.