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Journal articles on the topic 'Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Carruthers, Bruce M., Anil Kumar Jain, Kenny L. De Meirleir, Daniel L. Peterson, Nancy G. Klimas, A. Martin Lerner, Alison C. Bested, et al. "Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 11, no. 1 (January 2003): 7–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j092v11n01_02.

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2

Jason, Leonard A., Abigail Brown, Erin Clyne, Lindsey Bartgis, Meredyth Evans, and Molly Brown. "Contrasting Case Definitions for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis." Evaluation & the Health Professions 35, no. 3 (December 7, 2011): 280–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163278711424281.

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3

Burns, Dianne, Collette Bennett, and Amanda McGough. "Chronic fatigue syndrome or myalgic encephalomyelitis." Nursing Standard 26, no. 25 (February 22, 2012): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2012.02.26.25.48.c8950.

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4

Colby, Jane. "Chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis." Lancet 359, no. 9318 (May 2002): 1698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(02)08575-6.

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5

Chaudhuri, Abhijit. "Chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis." Lancet 359, no. 9318 (May 2002): 1698–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(02)08576-8.

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6

Prins, Judith B., Gijs Bleijenberg, and Jos WM van der Meer. "Chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis." Lancet 359, no. 9318 (May 2002): 1699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(02)08577-x.

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7

Jason, Leonard, Kristen Barker, and Abigail Brown. "Pediatric Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." Reviews in Health Care 3, no. 4 (October 12, 2012): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.7175/rhc.28034257-270.

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Research on pediatric Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is reviewed in this article. Many recent articles in this area highlight the existence of key differences between the adult and pediatric forms of the illness. This review article provides an overview of pediatric ME/ CFS, including epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, treatment, and prognosis. Challenges to the field are identified with the hope that in the future pediatric cases of ME/CFS can be more accurately diagnosed and successfully managed.

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Jason, Leonard, Kristen Barker, and Abigail Brown. "Pediatric Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." Reviews in Health Care 3, no. 4 (October 12, 2012): 257–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7175/rhc.v3i4.280.

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Research on pediatric Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is reviewed in this article. Many recent articles in this area highlight the existence of key differences between the adult and pediatric forms of the illness. This review article provides an overview of pediatric ME/ CFS, including epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, treatment, and prognosis. Challenges to the field are identified with the hope that in the future pediatric cases of ME/CFS can be more accurately diagnosed and successfully managed.

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9

White, Peter, Maurice Murphy, Jill Moss, George Armstrong, and Sir Peter Spencer. "Chronic fatigue syndrome or myalgic encephalomyelitis." BMJ 335, no. 7617 (August 30, 2007): 411–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39316.472361.80.

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10

Burns, Dianne, Amanda McGough, and Collette Bennett. "Chronic fatigue syndrome or myalgic encephalomyelitis." Nursing Standard 26, no. 25 (February 22, 2012): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.26.25.48.s51.

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11

Clayton, Ellen Wright. "Beyond Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." JAMA 313, no. 11 (March 17, 2015): 1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2015.1346.

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12

Fink, Per, and Andreas Schröder. "Redefining Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." JAMA 314, no. 1 (July 7, 2015): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2015.5731.

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13

Jason, Leonard A., Abigail Brown, Meredyth Evans, Madison Sunnquist, and Julia L. Newton. "Contrasting chronic fatigue syndrome versus myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome." Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior 1, no. 3 (July 2013): 168–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21641846.2013.774556.

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14

Lynch, Sean. "Chronic fatigue syndrome." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 1, no. 2 (November 1994): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.1.2.33.

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“Chronic fatigue syndrome” (Sharpeet al, 1991) is an operational definition for conditions of disabling physical fatigue, of over six months duration, unexplained by primary physical or psychiatric causes. It encompasses nomenclature such as “myalgic encephalomyelitis” (Acheson, 1959), “post-viral fatigue syndrome” (Behanet al, 1985) and “chronic mononucleosis syndrome” (Straus, 1988).

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15

Williams, Ashley Mai, Gary Christopher, and Elizabeth Jenkinson. "The psychological impact of dependency in adults with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis: A qualitative exploration." Journal of Health Psychology 24, no. 2 (April 19, 2016): 264–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105316643376.

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Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis can limit functional capacity, producing various degrees of disability and psychological distress. Semi-structured interviews explored the experiences of adults with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis being physically dependent on other people for help in daily life, and whether physical dependency affects their psychological well-being. Thematic analysis generated six themes: loss of independence and self-identity, an invisible illness, anxieties of today and the future, catch-22, internalised anger, and acceptance of the condition. The findings provide insight into the psychological impact of dependency. Implications for intervention include better education relating to chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis for family members, carers, and friends; ways to communicate their needs to others who may not understand chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis; and awareness that acceptance of the condition could improve psychological well-being.

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16

Devendorf, Andrew R., Carly T. Jackson, Madison Sunnquist, and Leonard A. Jason. "Approaching recovery from myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome: Challenges to consider in research and practice." Journal of Health Psychology 24, no. 10 (November 28, 2017): 1412–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105317742195.

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There are unique methodological challenges to studying and assessing recovery in myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome. This study explored these challenges through interviewing 13 physicians who treat myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome. Our deductive thematic analysis produced four themes to consider when approaching recovery: lifespan differences in the illness experience; the heterogeneity of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome—case definitions, etiological stance, and misdiagnosis; patient follow-up and selection bias; and assessment logistics. We discuss how researchers and clinicians can use these considerations when working with patients, drafting recovery criteria, and interpreting treatment outcomes.

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17

Speedy, Maik. "Treatment of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." Annals of Internal Medicine 163, no. 11 (December 1, 2015): 884. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/l15-5170.

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18

White, Peter D., Daniel J. Clauw, Jos W. M. van der Meer, Rona Moss-Morris, and Renee R. Taylor. "Treatment of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." Annals of Internal Medicine 163, no. 11 (December 1, 2015): 885. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/l15-5171.

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19

Kirby, Sean B. M. "Treatment of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." Annals of Internal Medicine 163, no. 11 (December 1, 2015): 885. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/l15-5172.

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20

Matthees, Alem. "Treatment of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." Annals of Internal Medicine 163, no. 11 (December 1, 2015): 886. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/l15-5173.

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21

Chu, Lily, Lucinda Bateman, Todd Davenport, Eleanor Stein, and Staci Stevens. "Treatment of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." Annals of Internal Medicine 163, no. 11 (December 1, 2015): 887. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/l15-5174.

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22

Kindlon, Tom, and Charles Shepherd. "Treatment of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." Annals of Internal Medicine 163, no. 11 (December 1, 2015): 887. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/l15-5175.

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23

Smith, M. E. Beth, Elizabeth Haney, and Heidi D. Nelson. "Treatment of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." Annals of Internal Medicine 163, no. 11 (December 1, 2015): 888. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/l15-5176.

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24

Capelli, E., R. Zola, L. Lorusso, L. Venturini, F. Sardi, and G. Ricevuti. "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: An Update." International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology 23, no. 4 (October 2010): 981–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039463201002300402.

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25

Clayton, Ellen Wright. "Redefining Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome—Reply." JAMA 314, no. 1 (July 7, 2015): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2015.5760.

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26

Brown, Abigail, and Leonard A. Jason. "Meta-analysis investigating post-exertional malaise between patients and controls." Journal of Health Psychology 25, no. 13-14 (July 5, 2018): 2053–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105318784161.

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Post-exertional malaise is either required or included in many previously proposed case definitions of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. A meta-analysis of odds ratios (ORs; association between patient status and post-exertional malaise status) and a number of potential moderators (i.e. study-level characteristics) of effect size were conducted. Post-exertional malaise was found to be 10.4 times more likely to be associated with a myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome diagnosis than with control status. Significant moderators of effect size included patient recruitment strategy and control selection. These findings suggest that post-exertional malaise should be considered a cardinal symptom of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

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27

O’connor, Kelly, Madison Sunnquist, Laura Nicholson, Leonard A. Jason, Julia L. Newton, and Elin B. Strand. "Energy envelope maintenance among patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome: Implications of limited energy reserves." Chronic Illness 15, no. 1 (December 12, 2017): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742395317746470.

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Objective The Energy Envelope Theory of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome postulates that individuals with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome may experience some increase in functioning if their level of exertion consistently remains within the limits of their available energy. Findings of several studies support this theory; however, the current study is the first to explore how an individual’s initial level of available energy may influence the relation between energy envelope maintenance and level of functioning. Method The functioning, activity, and symptomatology of six groups of individuals with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome were compared. Groups were created based upon level of available energy (higher or lower) and energy envelope adherence (underextended, within, overextended). Results Results indicate that, as expected, individuals with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome who had higher available energy also had better functioning than individuals with lower available energy; however, this relation was less pronounced for individuals who were overexerting themselves. Discussion These results are consistent with the Energy Envelope Theory, and they suggest that overexertion was particularly impactful for individuals with higher levels of available energy.

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28

Missailidis, Daniel, Sarah J. Annesley, and Paul R. Fisher. "Pathological Mechanisms Underlying Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." Diagnostics 9, no. 3 (July 20, 2019): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics9030080.

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The underlying molecular basis of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is not well understood. Characterized by chronic, unexplained fatigue, a disabling payback following exertion (“post-exertional malaise”), and variably presenting multi-system symptoms, ME/CFS is a complex disease, which demands a concerted biomedical investigation from disparate fields of expertise. ME/CFS research and patient treatment have been challenged by the lack of diagnostic biomarkers and finding these is a prominent direction of current work. Despite these challenges, modern research demonstrates a tangible biomedical basis for the disorder across many body systems. This evidence is mostly comprised of disturbances to immunological and inflammatory pathways, autonomic and neurological dysfunction, abnormalities in muscle and mitochondrial function, shifts in metabolism, and gut physiology or gut microbiota disturbances. It is possible that these threads are together entangled as parts of an underlying molecular pathology reflecting a far-reaching homeostatic shift. Due to the variability of non-overlapping symptom presentation or precipitating events, such as infection or other bodily stresses, the initiation of body-wide pathological cascades with similar outcomes stemming from different causes may be implicated in the condition. Patient stratification to account for this heterogeneity is therefore one important consideration during exploration of potential diagnostic developments.

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29

Cortes Rivera, Mateo, Claudio Mastronardi, Claudia Silva-Aldana, Mauricio Arcos-Burgos, and Brett Lidbury. "Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review." Diagnostics 9, no. 3 (August 7, 2019): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics9030091.

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Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating chronic disease of unknown aetiology that is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United States Center for Disease Control and Prevention (US CDC) as a disorder of the brain. The disease predominantly affects adults, with a peak age of onset of between 20 and 45 years with a female to male ratio of 3:1. Although the clinical features of the disease have been well established within diagnostic criteria, the diagnosis of ME/CFS is still of exclusion, meaning that other medical conditions must be ruled out. The pathophysiological mechanisms are unclear but the neuro-immuno-endocrinological pattern of CFS patients gleaned from various studies indicates that these three pillars may be the key point to understand the complexity of the disease. At the moment, there are no specific pharmacological therapies to treat the disease, but several studies’ aims and therapeutic approaches have been described in order to benefit patients’ prognosis, symptomatology relief, and the recovery of pre-existing function. This review presents a pathophysiological approach to understanding the essential concepts of ME/CFS, with an emphasis on the population, clinical, and genetic concepts associated with ME/CFS.

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30

Komaroff, Anthony L. "Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Real Illness." Annals of Internal Medicine 162, no. 12 (June 16, 2015): 871. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/m15-0647.

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31

Jason, Leonard A., Meredyth Evans, Abigail Brown, Madison Sunnquist, and Julia L. Newton. "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Versus Sudden Onset Myalgic Encephalomyelitis." Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community 43, no. 1 (January 2, 2015): 62–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2014.973233.

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32

Underhill, R. A. "Myalgic encephalomyelitis, chronic fatigue syndrome: An infectious disease." Medical Hypotheses 85, no. 6 (December 2015): 765–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2015.10.011.

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33

Gregorowski, Anna, Jane Simpson, and Terry Y. Segal. "Child and adolescent chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis." Current Opinion in Pediatrics 31, no. 4 (August 2019): 462–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mop.0000000000000777.

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34

Abbasi, Jennifer. "Biomarker Test for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." JAMA 322, no. 2 (July 9, 2019): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.8890.

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35

Shepherd, Charles. "The debate: myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome." British Journal of Nursing 15, no. 12 (June 2006): 662–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2006.15.12.21399.

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36

Yeomans, J. D. I., and S. P. Conway. "Biopsychosocial aspects of chronic fatigue syndrome (myalgic encephalomyelitis)." Journal of Infection 23, no. 3 (November 1991): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0163-4453(91)92864-2.

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37

Gandasegui, Iñigo Murga, Larraitz Aranburu Laka, Pascual-Ángel Gargiulo, Juan-Carlos Gómez-Esteban, and José-Vicente Lafuente Sánchez. "Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Neurological Entity?" Medicina 57, no. 10 (September 27, 2021): 1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57101030.

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Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a disorder of unknown physiopathology with multisystemic repercussions, framed in ICD-11 under the heading of neurology (8E49). There is no specific test to support its clinical diagnosis. Our objective is to review the evidence in neuroimaging and dysautonomia evaluation in order to support the neurological involvement and to find biomarkers serving to identify and/or monitor the pathology. The symptoms typically appear acutely, although they can develop progressively over years; an essential trait for diagnosis is “central” fatigue together with physical and/or mental exhaustion after a small effort. Neuroimaging reveals various morphological, connectivity, metabolic, and functional alterations of low specificity, which can serve to complement the neurological study of the patient. The COMPASS-31 questionnaire is a useful tool to triage patients under suspect of dysautonomia, at which point they may be redirected for deeper evaluation. Recently, alterations in heart rate variability, the Valsalva maneuver, and the tilt table test, together with the presence of serum autoantibodies against adrenergic, cholinergic, and serotonin receptors were shown in a subgroup of patients. This approach provides a way to identify patient phenotypes. Broader studies are needed to establish the level of sensitivity and specificity necessary for their validation. Neuroimaging contributes scarcely to the diagnosis, and this depends on the identification of specific changes. On the other hand, dysautonomia studies, carried out in specialized units, are highly promising in order to support the diagnosis and to identify potential biomarkers. ME/CFS orients towards a functional pathology that mainly involves the autonomic nervous system, although not exclusively.

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38

Sykes, Richard. "Physical or mental? A perspective on chronic fatigue syndrome." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 8, no. 5 (September 2002): 351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.8.5.351.

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39

Pendergrast, Tricia, Abigail Brown, Madison Sunnquist, Rachel Jantke, Julia L. Newton, Elin Bolle Strand, and Leonard A. Jason. "Housebound versus nonhousebound patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome." Chronic Illness 12, no. 4 (June 21, 2016): 292–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742395316644770.

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Objectives The objective of this study was to examine individuals with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome who are confined to their homes due to severe symptomatology. The existing literature fails to address differences between this group, and less severe, nonhousebound patient populations. Methods Participants completed the DePaul Symptom Questionnaire, a measure of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome symptomology, and the SF-36, a measure of health impact on physical/mental functioning. ANOVAs and, where appropriate, MANCOVAS were used to compare housebound and nonhousebound patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome across areas of functioning, symptomatology, and illness onset characteristics. Results Findings indicated that the housebound group represented one quarter of the sample, and were significantly more impaired with regards to physical functioning, bodily pain, vitality, social functioning, fatigue, postexertional malaise, sleep, pain, neurocognitive, autonomic, neuroendocrine, and immune functioning compared to individuals who were not housebound. Discussion Findings indicated that housebound patients have more impairment on functional and symptom outcomes compared to those who were not housebound. Understanding the differences between housebound and not housebound groups holds implications for physicians and researchers as they develop interventions intended for patients who are most severely affected by this chronic illness.

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40

Terman, Julia M., Jessica M. Awsumb, Joseph Cotler, and Leonard A. Jason. "Confirmatory factor analysis of a myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome stigma scale." Journal of Health Psychology 25, no. 13-14 (September 5, 2018): 2352–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105318796906.

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This study adapted a chronic illness stigma scale and explored its psychometric properties. The main purposes were to confirm the factor structure of the instrument with this population and address the previous factor intercorrelation discrepancies. Five hundred and fifty-four individuals with myalgic encephalomyelitis or chronic fatigue syndrome completed the adapted stigma scale. Results document the stigma experienced by an international sample of individuals with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome. Factors demonstrated good internal consistency, and a model fit was found in a confirmatory factor analysis. Participants endorsed high levels of stigma, estrangement, and disclosure. Implications of these findings and future directions are discussed.

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Tölle, Markus, Helma Freitag, Michaela Antelmann, Jelka Hartwig, Mirjam Schuchardt, Markus van der Giet, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Patricia Grabowski, and Carmen Scheibenbogen. "Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Efficacy of Repeat Immunoadsorption." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 8 (July 30, 2020): 2443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082443.

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(1) Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex neuroimmunological disease. There is evidence for an autoimmune mechanism for ME/CFS with an infection-triggered onset and dysfunction of ß2-adrenoreceptor antibodies (ß2AR-AB). In a first proof-of-concept study, we could show that IA was effective to reduce ß2AR-AB and led to improvement of various symptoms. (2) Five of the ME/CFS patients who had clinical improvement following treatment with a five-day IA were retreated in the current study about two years later with a modified IA protocol. The severity of symptoms was assessed by disease specific scores during a follow-up period of 12 months. The antibodies were determined by ELISA. (3) The modified IA treatment protocol resulted in a remarkable similar clinical response. The treatment was well tolerated and 80–90% decline of total IgG and ß2AR-AB was achieved. Four patients showed a rapid improvement in several clinical symptoms during IA therapy, lasting for six to 12 months. One patient had no improvement. (4) We could provide further evidence that IA has clinical efficacy in patients with ME/CFS. Data from our pilot trial warrant further controlled studies in ME/CFS.

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42

Jason, Leonard A., Matthew Sorenson, Nicole Porter, and Natalie Belkairous. "An Etiological Model for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." Neuroscience and Medicine 02, no. 01 (2011): 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/nm.2011.21003.

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43

Gibson, I. "A new look at chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis." Journal of Clinical Pathology 60, no. 2 (June 2, 2006): 120–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.2006.042432.

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44

Scherbakov, Nadja, Marvin Szklarski, Jelka Hartwig, Franziska Sotzny, Sebastian Lorenz, Antje Meyer, Patricia Grabowski, Wolfram Doehner, and Carmen Scheibenbogen. "Peripheral endothelial dysfunction in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome." ESC Heart Failure 7, no. 3 (March 10, 2020): 1064–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12633.

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45

Komaroff, Anthony L. "Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: When Suffering Is Multiplied." Healthcare 9, no. 7 (July 20, 2021): 919. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9070919.

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Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is an illness defined predominantly by symptoms. Routine laboratory test results often are normal, raising the question of whether there are any underlying objective abnormalities. In the past 20 years, however, new research technologies have uncovered a series of biological abnormalities in people with ME/CFS. Unfortunately, many physicians remain unaware of this, and some tell patients that “there is nothing wrong” with them. This skepticism delegitimizes, and thereby multiplies, the patients’ suffering.

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46

Lidbury, Brett A., and Paul R. Fisher. "Biomedical Insights That Inform the Diagnosis of ME/CFS." Diagnostics 10, no. 2 (February 8, 2020): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10020092.

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47

Devendorf, Andrew R., Stephanie L. McManimen, and Leonard A. Jason. "Suicidal ideation in non-depressed individuals: The effects of a chronic, misunderstood illness." Journal of Health Psychology 25, no. 13-14 (July 11, 2018): 2106–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105318785450.

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Chronic illness is a risk factor for suicide but is often explained with depression. Research has shown an increased suicide rate in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome, but specific risk factors have been unexplored. We qualitatively analyzed responses from 29 patients who endorsed suicidal ideation but did not meet depression criteria. Two themes were developed: (1) feeling trapped and (2) loss of self, loss of others, stigma and conflict. Myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome caused patients severe disability, restructured their lives, and inflicted serious pain. Participants emphasized that they were not depressed, but felt trapped by the lack of treatments available.

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48

Nacul, Luis, Eliana M. Lacerda, Caroline C. Kingdon, Hayley Curran, and Erinna W. Bowman. "How have selection bias and disease misclassification undermined the validity of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome studies?" Journal of Health Psychology 24, no. 12 (March 1, 2017): 1765–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105317695803.

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Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome has been a controversial diagnosis, resulting in tensions between patients and professionals providing them with care. A major constraint limiting progress has been the lack of a ‘gold standard’ for diagnosis; with a number of imperfect clinical and research criteria used, each defining different, though overlapping, groups of people with myalgic encephalomyelitis or chronic fatigue syndrome. We review basic epidemiological concepts to illustrate how the use of more specific and restrictive case definitions could improve research validity and drive progress in the field by reducing selection bias caused by diagnostic misclassification.

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Jason, Leonard A., Aaron Boulton, Nicole S. Porter, Tricia Jessen, Mary Gloria Njoku, and Fred Friedberg. "Classification of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome by Types of Fatigue." Behavioral Medicine 36, no. 1 (February 24, 2010): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08964280903521370.

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Norris, Tom, Simon M. Collin, Kate Tilling, Roberto Nuevo, Stephen A. Stansfeld, Jonathan AC Sterne, Jon Heron, and Esther Crawley. "Natural course of chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis in adolescents." Archives of Disease in Childhood 102, no. 6 (January 19, 2017): 522–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2016-311198.

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Abstract:

ObjectiveLittle is known about persistence of or recovery from chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) in adolescents. Previous studies have small sample sizes, short follow-up or have focused on fatigue rather than CFS/ME or, equivalently, chronic fatigue, which is disabling. This work aimed to describe the epidemiology and natural course of CFS/ME in adolescents aged 13–18 years.DesignLongitudinal follow-up of adolescents enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children.SettingAvon, UK.ParticipantsWe identified adolescents who had disabling fatigue of >6 months duration without a known cause at ages 13, 16 and 18 years. We use the term ‘chronic disabling fatigue’ (CDF) because CFS/ME was not verified by clinical diagnosis. We used multiple imputation to obtain unbiased estimates of prevalence and persistence.ResultsThe estimated prevalence of CDF was 1.47% (95% CI 1.05% to 1.89%) at age 13, 2.22% (1.67% to 2.78%) at age 16 and 2.99% (2.24% to 3.75%) at age 18. Among adolescents with CDF of 6 months duration at 13 years 75.3% (64.0% to 86.6%) were not classified as such at age 16. Similar change was observed between 16 and 18 years (75.0% (62.8% to 87.2%)). Of those with CDF at age 13, 8.02% (0.61% to 15.4%) presented with CDF throughout the duration of adolescence.ConclusionsThe prevalence of CDF lasting 6 months or longer (a proxy for clinically diagnosed CFS/ME) increases from 13 to 18 years. However, persistent CDF is rare in adolescents, with approximately 75% recovering after 2–3 years.

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