Relevant bibliographies by topics / Myanmar economy

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Myanmar economy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 June 2025
Last updated: 26 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Myanmar economy"

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Gong, Xue. "Understanding the Belt and Road Initiative in Myanmar: A Socio-Politico and Economic Approach." China and the World 03, no. 04 (2020): 2050016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2591729320500169.

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As an infrastructure financier, China has been playing a dominant role in many sectors of Myanmar’s economy. Following Myanmar’s political and economic transition to a new quasi-civilian government in the early 2010s, the suspension of several China-backed projects caused the relationship between the two countries to rapidly turn sour. Nonetheless, many believe that the rift between the Myanmar government and the international community following the Rohingya crisis provided China an opportunity to rebuild closer ties with Myanmar. This paper argues that China’s BRI promotion and implementation in Myanmar cannot be interpreted as contingent on Myanmar’s isolated relations with the international community. Although Myanmar is relatively small in power, it can now decide on its development strategies. To understand the challenges of BRI promotion in Myanmar, a more nuanced bottom-up approach is needed. Other than the state-level relations, the prospect of BRI in Myanmar also depends on the role of societal actors in Myanmar. Because of the growing influence of these non-state societal actors, Chinese actors have started to pay attention to local norms and demands. However, their adaptation to local norms is constrained by socio-politico-economic dimensions of the Chinese capitals in Myanmar.
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Vinogradov, Ilia. "Myanmar – China: Beijing’s Strategic Interests and Instruments of Influence." Asia and Africa Today, no. 5 (2023): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s032150750025705-7.

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The military leadership of Myanmar being under conditions of international sanctions and having a difficult economic situation have to approach China. In the foreign policy of the PRC, Myanmar has also acquired a great geostrategic importance. Getting direct transport access to the Indian Ocean through Myanmar stimulates the export-oriented development of the south-western provinces of the PRC and also forms a safe energy corridor for the import of hydrocarbons bypassing the Malacca Strait. China is implementing many infrastructure projects in Myanmar as part of connecting Myanmar to the Belt and Road Initiative. China as a powerful economic actor is an important source of energy for modern technologies, helping to modernize Myanmar’s economy, creates jobs. At the same time, the growth of Chinese capital in the economy of Myanmar and the political influence of Beijing on the military also cause negative reactions at the grass-roots level. China retains its historical leverage over the Myanmar leadership in the form of ethnic armed organizations (EAO) and plays an important role in the process of national reconciliation in Myanmar. At the same time, the activities of various criminal structures in the Sino-Myanmar border area have a negative impact on the southwestern regions of China.
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Mostofa, MD Golam. "China, India and Myanmar Triangular Relationship: In the Context of Rohingya Issues." International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation X, no. VII (2023): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2023.10712.

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Myanmar’s geo-political and geo-economic position is very important to China and India. India and China are the two regional powers of Southeast Asia, although it shares border with the two coutries. Basically, Myanmar is the center of connectivity to South Asia and Southeast Asia with the Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal. The new economic super power of the world. China’s ambitious project BRI connects Myanmar with two corridors. Especially in the case of importing fuel oil and exporting products to the global market, Chinese ships have to go around the Malacca Strait, which is time consuming and costly and strategically risky. But using Kukpyu Port in Rakhine State will reduce China’s dependence on the Malacca Strait and expand trade. That is why the bilateral relationship between the world’s second largest economy China (GDP $14.140 Trillion, 2019) and the 73rd economy Myanmar (GDP $ 69.994, 2019) is very important (Ahamed, Rahman & Nur, 2020) . China has been playing an important role in Myanmar’s economic development through bilateral trade relations since 1988. From 1988 to 2018, 26% of all foreign investment in Myanmar came from China and as of June 2020, Chinese investment in Myanmar was US $21350.668 Million (DICA, 2020). India shares a 1643 km land border with Myanmar with 4 northeastern states of Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur. Myanmar is the gateway to the implementation of ‘Act East Policy’ and ‘Neighborhood First Policy’ announced by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2014 (Ahamed, Rahman & Nur, 2020). In addition, the world’s two most important sea routes, The strait of Malacca and The strait of Hurmuz, are connected to the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean through the Bay of Bengal. Myanmar has a 725 km coastal boundary with the Bay of Bengal. Because of this, Myanmar is geo-politically and geo-strategically India., important to the Western world including China. Due to US presence in Indian Ocean, recent Sino-Indian conflict and Myanmar’s strategic location, Sino-Myanmar relations have become one of the research topics at present. This article will analyze the multifaceted aspects of China-Myanmar relations.
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Turnell, Sean. "Myanmar in 2010." Asian Survey 51, no. 1 (2011): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2011.51.1.148.

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The dominant issue in Myanmar throughout 2010 was the elections finally held on November 7. These were the culmination of the ruling junta's roadmap toward "disciplined democracy" but were neither free nor fair. A major development the same month was the release from house arrest of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, which drew worldwide attention. Myanmar's economy continued to underperform.
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Thompson, Rhys. "AML/CFT in Myanmar: a review of recent developments." Journal of Money Laundering Control 21, no. 3 (2018): 358–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmlc-08-2017-0036.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) developments in Myanmar in light of its recent political and economic transition from military rule to a civilian, democratic government. This paper will discuss the changes in Myanmar’s AML/CFT frameworks, as well as international blacklisting and sanctions that have targeted Myanmar since the late 1990s. It also highlights issues that are likely to challenge Myanmar’s ability to ensure compliance with international best practices, especially as the local financial sector expands and foreign investment increases. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws on available literature and open source reporting. Findings This review is a timely update of Myanmar’s progress with its AML/CFT frameworks at a time that it is trying to encourage foreign investment and engagement and international businesses. But while Myanmar’s “opening” is seen by many as an opportunity, it still presents significant AML/CFT risks for investors because of a considerable lack of technical expertise, as well as financial and human resources to ensure compliance and enforcement occur. Originality/value Myanmar is a very under-researched area and has had minimal focus on its AML/CFT frameworks or the risks present in the economy. This paper will be a useful source for researchers, academics, policymakers, lawyers and private sector actors seeking to engage or invest in Myanmar’s economy.
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Gyoosang Seol. "U.S. Policy toward Myanmar and the Direction of Myanmar’s Economy." Journal of Korean Political and Diplomatic History 39, no. 2 (2018): 227–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18206/kapdh.39.2.201802.227.

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Seol, Gyoosang. "U.S. Policy toward Myanmar and the Direction of Myanmar’s Economy." Korean Association for Political and Diplomatic History 39, no. 2 (2018): 227–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33127/kdps.2018.39.2.227.

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Xiangyang, Lei, and Wu Youde. "Analysis on the characteristics of energy mix in Myanmar." E3S Web of Conferences 267 (2021): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126701010.

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Energy has been a key factor in economic development. Myanmar has considerable indigenous energy potential, which could meet domestic demand in long term if properly managed. This paper documents the current status of energy demand and supply in Myanmar, and analyses the characteristics of energy mix, and concludes that (1) Myanmar is confronted with a pressing energy demand with the rapid development of economy; (2) Myanmar’s energy production mix is dominated by oil, gas and hydropower, and the consumption structure is dominated by biomass; (3) the shortage of energy is mostly due to its unbalanced energy mix and irrational notion for energy utilization. In order to solve the serious problems between energy demand and supply, it is necessary for Myanmar to build more responsible hydropower projects, to optimize the national grid and to make more reliable and practicable energy plans.
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Mark, SiuSue, Indra Overland, and Roman Vakulchuk. "Sharing the Spoils: Winners and Losers in the Belt and Road Initiative in Myanmar." Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 39, no. 3 (2020): 381–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1868103420962116.

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This article studies the impact of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) on economic actors in Myanmar. It hypothesizes that the BRI has strong transformative potential, because Chinese projects are likely to transform Myanmar’s economy on different scales and influence the allocation of economic benefits and losses for different actors. The study identifies economic actors in Myanmar who are likely to be most affected by BRI projects. It also discusses how BRI-related investments could affect the country’s complex conflict dynamics. The article concludes with policy recommendations for decision makers in Myanmar, China, and the international community for mitigating the BRI’s possible negative impacts. The analysis draws on secondary sources and primary data collection in the form of interviews with key actors in Hsipaw, Lashio, and Yangon, involved with and informed about the BRI in Myanmar at the local, regional, and national levels.
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Mannan, Md Abdul. "China’s Balancing Behaviour Against the United States and the Special Importance of Myanmar." Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs 7, no. 2 (2020): 177–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2347797020938985.

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As China rises, Sino–US competition for influence in East and Southeast Asia has become inescapable. China’s growing influence on its south-western neighbour, Myanmar, is a case in point. The impact of China’s rise is more strongly felt, politically and economically, in Myanmar than elsewhere in the world. This article asks the follow question: What explains China’s more aggressive political and economic clout in Myanmar than elsewhere in the world? To answer this question, this article argues that Myanmar holds a unique importance to China’s balancing act against the preponderance of American power in a unipolar world. Most of the available literature on China’s inroads into Myanmar focus on China’s geopolitical and strategic interests. With such focus, existing literatures take on Myanmar’s importance to China in terms of China’s politics of resource extraction that meets the requirement of its overall economic development. There is no denying it—resource extraction is important for China in order to feed its expanding economy. But hardly any study frames Myanmar’s special weight in China’s politics of resource extraction from the perspective of Beijing’s balancing act against the United States (US). China’s balancing act is characterized by an ‘economic prebalancing’ strategy. The strategy is rooted in China’s grand strategy of acquiring ‘comprehensive national strength’, and more precisely, it is embedded in Beijing’s ‘peaceful development’ strategy. The article asserts that Myanmar is critically important in China’s economic prebalancing strategy against the United States.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Myanmar economy"

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Aung, Than Than. "Agricultural Production in Transitional Economy of Myanmar : Case Study of Thee Chaung Village." 名古屋大学大学院経済学研究科, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10736.

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Meehan, Patrick. "The political economy of the opium/heroin trade in Shan State, Myanmar, 1988-2012." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2016. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/22807/.

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This thesis examines the relationship between processes of state consolidation and the illicit opium/heroin economy in Shan State since 1988. Over the past twenty-five years, the government of Myanmar (Burma) has established greater authority over large parts of Shan State, neutralizing much of the threat posed by armed groups and strengthening its hold over revenue extraction. During this period Myanmar has retained its position as the world's second largest producer of illicit opium/heroin, the majority of which is produced in Shan State. This thesis seeks to answer the overarching research question: What role has the opium/heroin economy played in fortifying and/or fragmenting processes of state consolidation in Shan State, Myanmar, in the period since 1988? In addressing this question, my study tests the hypothesis that rather than necessarily being a cause of disorder and state breakdown, illegal drug economies can play an important role in processes of state consolidation. In order to test this hypothesis I break down my overarching research question into four sub-questions: First, why have the Shan borderlands with China and Thailand become central to the government's statebuilding aspirations? Second, what strategies has the government deployed in order to extend its power and authority in borderland regions? Third, how have these strategies been imposed, resisted and brokered within the Shan borderlands? Fourth, what is the relationship between contested processes of state consolidation and the drug economy in Shan State in the period since 1988? In addressing these questions I argue that it is increasingly anachronistic to view the drug economy narrowly as part of the insurgent war economy. Alongside the continued role it plays in financing armed opposition to the government, the drug trade has also become deeply embedded within processes of illiberal state consolidation and capitalist development. Through an analysis of the specific spatial dynamics of power relations, material interests and institutional arrangements, this study renders visible the messy and fragmented multiplicity of motivations and actors (including insurgents, ceasefire groups, the military, government-sanctioned militias, national and transnational investors, and local populations) which have shaped changing configurations of power across Shan State. In doing so, it provides new ways to account for the uneven political topography of the Myanmar state, the repertoires of violence enacted across Shan State and the different kinds of 'institutions of extraction' that have emerged around borderland resources.
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Hornig, Laura [Verfasser], Chris [Gutachter] Hann, and Ward [Gutachter] Keeler. "On money and Mettā : economy and morality in urban buddhist Myanmar / Laura Hornig ; Gutachter: Chris Hann, Ward Keeler." Halle (Saale) : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1226154417/34.

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Holm, Stephanie, and Louise Karlsson. "Mobile Banking Adoption in an Emerging Economy: An Empirical Analysis of Users in Myanmar : A Minor Field Study." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264183.

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This study aims to provide an overview of the attitude toward mobile banking among early adopters in Myanmar. By conducting exploratory interviews with ten bank employees, factors that are important for the adoption of mobile banking were also identified. The qualitative method allowed factors beyond the existing technology adoption frameworks to emerge. From the results, it was concluded that the attitude toward mobile banking is overall positive among the early adopters. Findings were aligned with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), suggesting that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are important factors for the usage of mobile banking. Social influence did not show any consistent results, but external barriers such as regulations and cash-based society were evidently important factors for adoption. Moreover, experience showed to have an impact on the participants’ attitude and the adoption of mobile banking. The findings from this paper could work as a foundation when formulating future hypotheses for mobile banking adoption in Myanmar. Regarding practical contributions, banks can get an insight into what is important to focus on when designing a strategy to increase the rate of mobile banking adoption. For future research, it would be of interest to extend the sample and collect data from both users and non-users.<br>Denna studie syftar till att ge en övergripande bild av attityden mot mobila banktjänster bland tidiga användare i Myanmar. Genom explorativa intervjuer med tio bankanställda, identifierades också faktorer som är viktiga för att anamma mobila banktjänster. Den kvalitativa metoden möjliggjorde faktorer som ligger utanför de befintliga teoretiska ramverken att vara del av studien. Från resultaten drogs slutsatsen att attityden mot mobila banktjänster är övergripande positiv bland de tidiga användarna. Resultaten låg i linje med modellen Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), vilket tyder på att uppskattad användbarhet och uppskattad användarvänlighet är viktiga faktorer för anammandet av mobila banktjänster. Socialt inflytande visade inga konsekventa resultat, men externa barriärer som regleringar samt kontantbaserat samhälle visade sig vara viktiga faktorer för anammandet till mobila banktjänster. Dessutom påverkade erfarenhet deltagarnas attityd mot och anammandet av mobila banktjänster. Resultaten från denna rapport kan användas som en grund vid formulering av hypoteser i framtida forskning inom implementering av mobila banktjänster i Myanmar. Vad gäller det praktiska bidrag från denna studie, kan bankerna få en inblick i vad som är viktigt att fokusera på vid utformning av strategi för att öka användningen av mobila banktjänster. För framtida forskning vore det intressant att utöka urvalet av deltagare och samla in data från både användare och icke-användare.
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Motaher, Mostakim Bin. "The Rohingya Conflict : An Analysis through the Lens of the Geopolitical Economy of Resources." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-86152.

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This thesis aims to reveal the underlying reason behind the recent Rohingya conflict. This paper argues that, instead of only focusing on the ethnic and religious view of the Rohingya conflict, the geopolitical economic view of the conflict also needs to be addressed sincerely as the conflict has a long history and occurred in different political and economic conditions. From that purpose, this research analyses the recent Rohingya conflict from the perspective of the geopolitical economy of resources. It examines the role and activities of the Government of Myanmar and military force concerning the recent conflict. Besides that, this paper also examines the geopolitical economic interests of China and India in Rakhine state regards to their unwillingness to stop the conflict. In this study, secondary sources such as books, academic articles, reports of government and non-government organisations and the UCDP database have mainly been used for data collection, which is based on textual analysis. This thesis applies the concept of Resource, Resource curse, Resource war and Intrastate conflict along with the analytical framework ‘Vulnerability, risk and opportunity’ by Philippe Le Billon as a tool to explain and analyse the conflict. The research shows that the recent violent conflicts which forcedly displaced hundreds of thousands of the Rohingyas from their houses and destroyed many Rohingya villages in Rakhine state have a possible connection with the resources and economic opportunities that are present in the Rakhine state. There is a strong possibility that the resource and economic opportunities influence the GoM and military force to become involved in this conflict. Also, the resource and economic opportunities might prevent China and India from playing an active role to stop the conflict. The Rohingya crisis has been going on for decades now, yet it has not been solved. Also, there is no sign of solving the crisis soon. The geopolitical economic perspective of the conflict might be the answer to why the Rohingya crisis has not yet been solved.
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Nivesjö, Jon. "On Economic Sanctions and Democracy - The function of economic sanctions as a tool to promote democratic development." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23508.

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The purpose of this paper is to examine if economic sanctions is a useful tool to promote the democratic development of a state. I am interested in exploring the effectiveness of the most common reasons for implementing sanctions; to change specific behavior incompatible with democracy or to incur regime transformation. In order to examine this, we look at the intent of implementing economic sanctions, how democratic development is measured, and the importance of human rights as a part of a democratic state. By applying these findings on opposing versions of modernization theory, I find measurable economic data that I can look at in connection with two case studies. The episodes chosen for the case studies are current sanctions being leveled against the Islamic Republic of Iran, and Myanmar. In the case studies themselves, I discover that Iran and Myanmar are very different in both the intentions behind their autocratic regimes, and the results of the sanctions against them. In examining the economic effects, I find it difficult to find data for both cases, and I fail to locate parts of the economic data I intended to look at. In the end, I conclude that while economic sanctions can have some impact on specific goals and the foundation for support of democracy, they are unlikely to be the deciding factor in democratic development.
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Saltsman, Adam. "Surviving Dispossession: Burmese Migrants in Thailand's Border Economic Zones." Thesis, Boston College, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:104231.

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Thesis advisor: Stephen Pfohl<br>This dissertation explores the intersection of gender, violence, and dispossession among Burmese migrants living in precarious circumstances in Thailand, close to the border with Myanmar. In this space, particularly in the town of Mae Sot and surrounding areas, migrants are targets of multiple overlapping technologies of governance, including the Thai state, multinational garment export processing facilities, plantation-style agricultural firms, international humanitarian NGOs, and transnational social and political networks. Through a multi-modal qualitative approach relying on collaborative action research and key informant interviews, I consider how this complex web of discursive and relational power simultaneously renders migrants invisible subjects of global supply chains and yet hyper-visible targets of humanitarian assistance and intervention. Invisible because actors associated with state or market forces performatively enforce upon migrant bodies the violent notion that they are deportable, reiterating the boundaries of sovereignty at each encounter. And visible because as migrants struggle to make ends meet working long hours for illegally low wages, NGOs spotlight their social problems and offer solutions that promote individual biowelfare but not wider transformative change. Despite what appear to be opposing forces, both forms of power contribute to the production of gendered border subjects that are healthy workers; ethical and self-reliant yet docile. Migrants interpret and negotiate these overlapping systems, exerting agency as they rely on their own social and political networks to establish mechanisms of order that are shaped by but not necessarily subordinate to the disciplinary regimes of factories and farms, the juridical frameworks of the state, or the biopolitical gaze of NGOs. This dissertation finds that within these mechanisms, gender becomes a key discursive metaphor both to make sense of the widespread violence of displacement and to maintain collective order. Migrants' own gendered performances of discipline are themselves a product of border precarity and forge pathways of limited agency through which migrants seek to navigate the everyday conditions of that precarity. Throughout, this dissertation reflexively examines its own collaborative action research approach as well as humanitarian intervention on the border to identify ways that both are complicit in gendered border subjectivation. Gender in this analysis manifests itself as a set of discursive resources that NGO staff and migrants make use of as they seek to effect change--albeit in ways that tend to leave unchallenged the larger structural conditions of violence and neoliberal sovereignty that undergird and require the formation of a docile and disposable border population. Thus, in one sense, this dissertation is about how migrants survive in a violent context of dispossession, but it is also just as much about the generative qualities of violent life, the spaces in which agency challenges precarity, and the ways in which performatively reproduced gendered hierarchies are at the center of both precarity and resistance<br>Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2015<br>Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences<br>Discipline: Sociology
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Vuorijärvi, April. "The Dark Side of Economic Sanctions: Unveiling the Plight of Women from Myanmar/Burma - A Minor Field Study in Myanmar and Thailand." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23157.

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An investigative research unraveling the implication of economic sanctions on Burmese women. This research was inspired by allegations in 2003 that thousands of women in Burma/Myanmar lost their jobs in the garment industry, thus exposing women to vulnerable aspects of forced migration and trafficking. A short case study of Iraq, Haiti, and Cuba is additionally provided while the history of economic sanctions and boycotts is heavily scrutinized. Perspectives of humanitarian law, human rights law, and feminist theory frame the basis of the research of which provide another critical dimension into the ongoing debate on economic sanctions.
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Bhattacharya, Dahlia. "History of the Bengal settlers in burma (1826-1962) : their impact on the political economic and cultural life of Burma (Myanmar)." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1675.

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Drake, Thomas. "Priority-setting for malaria control and elimination in Myanmar." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f3c77e6e-6c25-4aa9-9de0-4a7bc94826e2.

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In Myanmar, Plasmodium falciparum malaria is important because of both the burden of disease and the emergence of parasites resistant to artemisinin-based therapies. In 2012, concomitant with the lifting of international economic sanctions, funding for malaria control and elimination in Myanmar rose significantly. The University of Oxford was asked to support priority setting by assessing the relative cost-effectiveness of insecticide- treated bed nets and community health workers, particularly with respect to planning in the Myanmar Artemisinin Resistance Containment region along the east of the country. In the context of rising artemisinin resistance and, later, the goal of regional malaria elimination by 2030, reduction in malaria transmission was an important consideration in prioritising between interventions. A cost-effectiveness analysis was undertaken using both a static decision tree model and a dynamic disease transmission model. Supporting work towards this analysis included a systematic review of dynamic-transmission economic-evaluations and the creation of a data repository to collate governmental and non-governmental malaria case records. In addition, initially unplanned work on economic evaluation methodology was completed; identifying challenges in the application of cost utility analysis to this decision problem and proposing a framework for budget-based geographic resource allocation as an adaptation of standard methods. The results of this work include a tripling of the number of malaria diagnostic reports available between 2012 and 2014 (71% increase in Plasmodium falciparum cases) with this data showing a decrease in Plasmodium falciparum cases over time, alongside rising testing rates. Cost utility analysis found that, in general, malaria community health workers are more costly yet more effective than insecticide treated bed nets, though in both cases cost effectiveness is very much context dependent. Geographic allocation analyses using both static and dynamic models illustrate the potential for economic evaluation to provide both more detailed and more practical policy recommendations. Parameter uncertainty was explored in both cases. Some township recommendations were robust to both parameter uncertainty and model variation (structural uncertainty). Viewed through the lens of the Reference Case for Economic Evaluation in Low and Middle Income Countries (published during the course of this DPhil), budget-based geographic resource allocation largely adheres to the healthcare economic evaluation principles and offers improvements to dealing with heterogeneity and resource constraints. This DPhil recommends that Myanmar malaria policy is tailored to reflect geographic variation in intervention cost-effectiveness, rather than focusing on universal coverage, and illustrates a framework for economic evaluation to support budget-based geographic allocation.
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Books on the topic "Myanmar economy"

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Odaka, Konosuke, ed. The Myanmar Economy. Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55735-7.

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U, Tyn Myint. Developing Myanmar: Toward a knowledge-based economy. Linus Publications, 2010.

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Than, Tin Maung Maung. State dominance in Myanmar: The political economy of industrialization. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2007.

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Aung, Winston Set. Informal trade and underground economy in Myanmar: Costs and benefits. Mekong Anti Trafics, Observatoire des Trafics Illicites, 2011.

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Study Group on the Myanmar Economy. and Ōkurashō Zaisei Kinʾyū Kenkyūjo (Japan), eds. Current situation of the Myanmar economy and its future development strategy. Institute of Fiscal and Monetary Policy, Ministry of Finance, 1999.

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United States Institute of Peace, ed. The economy of Burma/Myanmar on the eve of the 2010 elections. U.S. Institute of Peace, 2010.

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Kōichi, Fujita, Mieno Fumiharu, and Okamoto Ikuko 1967-, eds. The economic transition in Myanmar after 1988: Market economy versus state control. NUS Press in association with Kyoto University Press, 2009.

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Rangoon, Burma) National Seminar on Pulse Crops (2010. Pulse crops for better rural economy: Proceedings of National Seminar on Pulse Crops, held on 26-27 May 2010 at FAO, Yangon, Myanmar. Food and Agriculture Organizations of the United Nations Office of Representative, 2010.

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Selda, Maung. Privatization in Myanmar. Ministry of Defence, Office of Strategic Studies, 1995.

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Schwartz, Stephen B. Myanmar: Statistical appendix. International Monetary Fund, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Myanmar economy"

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Boughton, Duncan, Ikuko Okamoto, SiuSue Mark, Ardeth Maung Thawnghmung, and Theingi Myint. "Agriculture and the rural economy." In Myanmar. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429024443-12.

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Odaka, Konosuke. "A New Light to Shine? Historical Legacies and Prospects for Myanmar’s Economy." In The Myanmar Economy. Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55735-7_1.

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Mizuno, Asuka. "Remnants of the Colonial Period and Economic Policies of Post-Independence: Through the Study of Hla Myint." In The Myanmar Economy. Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55735-7_2.

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Mieno, Fumiharu, and Koji Kubo. "Growth Structure and Macroeconomy Under Twenty Years of Junta Regime in Myanmar." In The Myanmar Economy. Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55735-7_3.

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Odaka, Konosuke. "Physical Social Overhead Capital (SOC)." In The Myanmar Economy. Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55735-7_4.

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Fujita, Koichi. "Agriculture and Rural Development Strategy in Myanmar: With a Focus on the Rice Sector." In The Myanmar Economy. Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55735-7_5.

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Matsuda, Masahiko. "Sustainable Farming Systems in Myanmar: The Implications of Findings from Field Surveys in the 2000s." In The Myanmar Economy. Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55735-7_6.

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Kudo, Toshihiro, and Konosuke Odaka. "Post-colonial Industrialisation in Myanmar." In The Myanmar Economy. Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55735-7_7.

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Mizuno, Atsuko. "Economic Relations Between Myanmar and China." In The Myanmar Economy. Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55735-7_8.

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Odaka, Konosuke. "Summary and Conclusion: Capitalistic Development a là Myanmar." In The Myanmar Economy. Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55735-7_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Myanmar economy"

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Tyagunov, Michael G., and Thu Yein Min. "Analysis of ways of solving the problem of hybrid energy complexes based on reserve for power supply of autonomous rural consumers in Myanmar." In 2018 Renewable Energies, Power Systems & Green Inclusive Economy (REPS-GIE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/repsgie.2018.8488852.

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Win, Ko Myint Thu, and O. V. Smirnova. "PECULIARITIES OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF TRANSPORT FACILITIES ON ENSURING THE TRANSPORT SAFETY OF CARGO TRANSPORTATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF MYANMAR." In Intelligent transport systems. Russian University of Transport, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/9785002446094-2024-547-554.

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Transportation plays a major role in developing countries like Myanmar, where the construction industry is growing quickly. As a developing country, Myanmar frequently experiences resource constraints in the transportation sector, which can lead to issues with project integrity and quality in construction projects. Because the advancement of transportation directly affects a country's quality of life, Myanmar is now working to improve the technical state of its transportation infrastructure and the quality of its transportation system. In order to improve cargo transport across the nation, the Ministry of Construction (MOC) must supply high-quality materials and procedures, as well as educate and teach construction enterprises on standard quality, appropriate material usage, and skilled laborers. Although the construction of new transportation infrastructure has contributed significantly to Myanmar's rapid economic growth maintenance of the country's current road system is also required to ensure the country's sustained safe growth. The authors presented a quick overview of the current state of the Myanmar transport networks and concentrated on its major cities, where severe cargo transportation challenges exist, in an effort to assist in resolving concerns that are comparable in remote areas. Effective cargo transport systems will boost Myanmar's production, which will directly con tribute to the nation's economic expansion.
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Sangeeth, I., S. Madushan, T. Dharana, and J. R. Gamage. "Design and development of a bulk cinnamon processing machine." In Engineering Research Unit Symposium 2024. Engineering Research Unit, 2024. https://doi.org/10.31705/eru.2024.3.

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Cinnamon, a highly valued spice with a rich history, has played a significant role in ancient trade and continues to be a pivotal economic activity in Sri Lanka. It is the third-largest agricultural export in the country, cultivated across a substantial land area and involving a large number of people. Cinnamon's economic potential is evident in its export earnings, averaging $191 million, along with an additional $7 million from value-added products, contributing to economic growth and employment opportunities. Cinnamon has origins in Myanmar and Sri Lanka but is now grown in various regions worldwide. The "Pure Ceylon Cinnamon" trademark is recognized internationally, distinguishing itself by its low Coumarin content, making it a safer choice for regular consumption [1]. Ceylon Cinnamon sticks are distinct, with delicate layers of bark rolled into cigar-like shapes, differing from other cinnamon varieties. Traditional production methods are labor-intensive, relying on skilled workers. However, the industry faces challenges due to a shortage of skilled workers and the reluctance of younger generations to participate. To overcome these challenges and enhance productivity, there is a need to develop machinery for bulk cinnamon processing. Such machinery should replace manual tasks, integrate multiple processes, and support the local economy and agricultural community while encouraging greater industry participation.
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Majumdar, Munmun. "Military takeover in Myanmar: Implication for Northeast India." In 6th World Conference on Arts, Humanities, Social Sciences and Education. Eurasia Conferences, 2024. https://doi.org/10.62422/978-81-970328-4-4-028.

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The India Myanmar borderland have experienced renewed interest in creating greater social and economic spaces for mutual prosperity. While new possibilities have opened up at the same time following the developments after the 01 February coup in Myanmar there have been anxieties over security and concerns over unregulated mobilities in India’s northeastern border with Myanmar. This paper argues that the insurgency question and the growing influx of refugees into India Northeastern region especially Manipur and Myanmar present Indian policymakers with exacting policy choices. Keywords: India, Myanmar, India-Myanmar border, insurgency, refugee, China.
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Bocutoğlu, Ersan. "An Economic Eurasian Tale: Rakhine State." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c09.02030.

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Genocide or, to say the least, ethnic cleansing towards Muslims in Rakhine State, Myanmar, conducted by fanatic Buddhist monks and the military has been on the agenda in recent months. This opening speech aims at finding out real causes of this inhumane incident and investigating whether or not it is solely a result of some kind interreligious conflict in Myanmar. My research has convinced me that Rakhine inter-ethnic question has international economic and security related roots that deserve close and detailed investigation. In my point of view, the Rakhine Question depends heavily on economic security considerations such as: a) security of natural gas and petrol reservoirs in Rakhine State and pipelines connecting Rakhine State to China, b) security of railway link connecting Kyaukpyu Deep Water Sea Port in Kyaukpyu Special Economic Zone in Rakhine State to China which has developed by China to bypass Malacca Strait. The potential that Muslim dominated Rakhine State may cause security threats to some of the foreign Chinese investments in Myanmar in medium term should be taken as a main cause that gives way to ethnic cleansing against Muslim Rakhine population.
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Mao, Pei, Yan Zhang, Lu Feng, and Pau Sian Kam. "China-Myanmar Cross-border Agricultural Economic Cooperation — Views from Myanmar." In 1st International Symposium on Innovative Management and Economics (ISIME 2021). Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210803.074.

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Wiwatanapataphee, Wiwat, Thanita Kiatrabile, Pipat Lilaprathuang, Noppanan Nopsiri, and Panyawadee Kritsanamontri. "Lessons Learned from the First Chemical Sand Consolidation in Zawtika Field." In IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/201045-ms.

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Abstract The conventional gravel pack sand control completion (High Rate Water Pack / Extension Pack) was the primary sand control method for PTTEPI, Myanmar Zawtika field since 2014 for more than 80 wells. Although the completion cost of gravel pack sand control was dramatically reduced around 75 percent due to the operation performance improvement along 5 years, the further cost reduction still mandatory to make the future development phase feasible. In order to tackle the well economy challenge, several alternative sand control completion designs were reviewed with the existing Zawtika subsurface information. The Chemical Sand Consolidation (CSC) or resin which is cost-effective method to control the sand production with injected chemicals is selected to be tested in 3 candidate wells. Therefore, the first trial campaign of CSC was performed with the Coiled Tubing Unit (CTU) in March to May 2019 with positive campaign results. The operation program and lesson learned were captured in this paper for future improvement in term of well candidate selection, operation planning and execution. The three monobore completion wells were treated with the CSC. The results positively showed that the higher sand-free rates can be achieved. The operation steps consist of 1) Perform sand cleanout to existing perforation interval or perforate the new formation interval. 2) Pumping pre-flush chemical to conditioning the formation to accept the resin 3) Pumping resin to coating on formation grain sand 4) Pumping the post-flush chemical to remove an excess resin from sand 5) Shut in the well to wait for resin curing before open back to production. However, throughout the campaign, there were several lessons learned, which will be required for future cost and time optimization. In operational view, the proper candidate selection shall avoid operational difficulties e.g. available rathole. As well, detailed operation plan and job design will result in effective CSC jobs. For instance, the coil tubing packer is suggested for better resin placement in the formation. Moreover, accommodation arrangement (either barge or additional vessel) and logistics management still have room for improvement. These 3 wells are the evidences of the successful applications in Zawtika field. With good planning, lesson learned and further optimization, this CSC method can be beneficial for existing monobore wells, which required sand control and also will be the alternative sand control method for upcoming development phases. This CSC will be able to increase project economic and also unlock the marginal reservoirs those will not justify the higher cost of conventional gravel pack.
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Tang, Liujie, and Ziye Zou. "Analysis of the Current Situation of China-Myanmar Bilateral Economic Cooperation." In 2016 1st International Symposium on Business Cooperation and Development. Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/isbcd-16.2016.37.

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Lim, Choong Heng, Temmy Harianto Dharmadji, Azrin Kassim, Muhammad Usman Ul Haq Sethi, and Muhammad Kamran Qureshi. "Competitive Evaluation of Malaysia Enhanced Profitability Terms with Southeast Asia Fiscal Terms." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-22162-ms.

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Abstract Malaysia has introduced a shallow-water enhanced profitability term (EPT) production sharing contract (PSC) in the year 2021 to reward a PSC contractor with equitable returns reflecting the business risk and the opportunity to accelerate development and monetization. This study evaluates the attractiveness of the EPT against several fiscal terms adopted in southeast Asia, including Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, and Myanmar. This paper established an offshore shallow-water field development analogue project with a total production volume of 68 MMbbl, capital expenditure (Capex) of USD 530 million, predevelopment operating expenditure (Opex) of USD 36 million, variable Opex of USD 12.5/bbl, floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) rental of USD 61 million/year, and abandonment capital of USD 101 million. High, base, and low scenarios are considered for oil price per barrel as USD 70, 60, and 50, respectively, and production volume scenarios as 78, 68, and 58 MMbbl, respectively. These values with certain fiscal assumptions are input into a fiscal model engine for economic indicators [net present value (NPV), rate of return (ROR), and payback], revenue take, after-tax cashflow, and variables sensitivity calculations to evaluate base, optimistic, and pessimistic cases. In the base case, the attractiveness order of countries based on a higher-positive NPV at 10% and ROR are Malaysia EPT (NPV at 10% = USD 198 million, ROR = 30.4%), Indonesia PSC (2017) (NPV at 10% = USD 149 million, ROR = 28.3%), and Thailand Royalty and Tax (R/T; 1991) (NPV at 10% = USD 32 million, ROR = 14.5%). In the optimistic case, the NPVs at 10% are improved, ranging from Thailand (+271%), Myanmar (+247%), Malaysia (+151%), and Indonesia and Vietnam (+141%) as compared to the base case. In the pessimistic case, all the fiscal terms are unfeasible for ROR at 10%. Myanmar PSC (1993) yields above 10% ROR only when the production is at the base or high scenario with oil price at USD 70/bbl. Vietnam PSC (2013) is unfeasible for positive NPV at 10% even with high oil price under various taxes, including the windfall profit tax. Indonesia has a better NPV at 10% at a low oil price because of the progressive split that subsidizes the operator. Oil price and production volume are the top two sensitive variables except for Vietnam, where capital is the highest. The contractor take is higher in Malaysia, followed by Indonesia, Thailand, Myanmar, and Vietnam at base and high oil price. When the oil price is low, Indonesia generated a higher contractor take than Malaysia. Malaysia EPT is the only fiscal regime that can generate a contractor take that is higher than government take and stagnant around 55% against the 40% in Indonesia. In conclusion, Malaysia EPT provides a better investment return when the oil price is USD 60/bbl and above, while Indonesia gross split is more profitable when the oil price is low. This study provides insights on the potential investment returns by new EPT fiscal terms. The attractiveness and potential margin upside when the oil price is on the rebound paves the way for other southeast Asia fiscal terms.
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Zhan, Yuqin, XueKun Li, Yuexin Dou, and Ji Chen. "A OLS Model for analysis of Institutional Distance of Agricultural Investment and Performance between China and Myanmar." In 2020 2nd International Conference on Economic Management and Model Engineering (ICEMME). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemme51517.2020.00075.

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Reports on the topic "Myanmar economy"

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Accius, Jean, Justin Ladner, and Staci Alexander. Global Longevity Economy Outlook: Myanmar Infographic. AARP Research, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/int.00052.049.

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Policy Support Activity, Myanmar Agriculture. Beyond emergency relief: What will it take to ensure a resilient recovery for agriculture and the rural economy of Myanmar. International Food Policy Research Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.134978.

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Thakur, Shalaka. Not-So-Freeway: Informal Highway Taxation and Armed Groups in North-East India. Institute of Development Studies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2024.027.

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What are the implications of non-state armed group taxation on the business environment and conflict dynamics? Various non-state armed groups collect ‘tax’ along arterial roads in north-east India – of different types and amounts, with varying degrees of coercion and systematisation. Based on extensive fieldwork, including 100 interviews with non-state armed groups, businesspeople and state actors, we use the lens of the transit economy in the Indian state of Manipur along the Indo-Myanmar border to identify the long-term effects of non-state armed group taxation.
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Belton, Ben, Ame Cho, Mateusz J. Filipski, et al. Opportunities and constraints for production and income growth in rural Myanmar: Inter-regional variations in the composition of agriculture, livelihoods, and the rural economy. International Food Policy Research Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.134259.

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Belton, Ben, Ame Cho, Mateusz J. Filipski, et al. Opportunities and constraints for production and income growth in rural Myanmar: Inter-regional variations in the composition of agriculture, livelihoods, and the rural economy in Burmese. International Food Policy Research Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.136369.

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Diao, Xinshen, Ian Masias, and Wuit Yi Lwin. Agri-food trade in Myanmar: Its role in Myanmar’s future economic takeoff. International Food Policy Research Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.134185.

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Thakur, Shalaka. Not-So-Freeway: Informal Highway Taxation and Armed Groups in North-East India. Institute of Development Studies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2023.057.

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What are the effects of rebel taxation? Along arterial roads in north-east India, various non state armed groups collect ‘tax’ – of different types and amounts, with varied degrees of coercion and systematisation. Based on extensive fieldwork, including 100 interviews with non-state armed groups, businesspeople and state actors, this paper uses the lens of the transit economy in the Indian state of Manipur along the Indo-Myanmar border to identify the long-term effects of rebel taxes and the taxation ecosystem. It finds that taxation by armed groups shapes the business environment, has pervasive implications on the legitimacy of state governance, and creates a political order that lies between active conflict and peace. The paper further shows that these effects of rebel taxation can be best understood through an interplay of institutional factors, the number of groups present, and the relationship between the state and rebel groups.
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Diao, Xinshen, Ian Masias, and Wuit Yi Lwin. Agri-food trade in Myanmar: Its role in Myanmar’s future economic takeoff in Burmese. International Food Policy Research Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.136368.

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Thein, Htwe Htwe. Poverty and conflict cripple Myanmar’s post-coup economy. East Asia Forum, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59425/eabc.1709071200.

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Diao, Xinshen, and Michael Wang. Significant economic impacts due to COVID-19 and falling remittances in Myanmar. International Food Policy Research Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.133762_13.

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