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Journal articles on the topic 'MYCIN'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Sticklen, Jon, B. Chadrasekaran, J. W. Smith, and John Svirbely. "MDX-MYCIN: The MDX paradigm applied to the mycin domain." Computers & Mathematics with Applications 11, no. 5 (May 1985): 527–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0898-1221(85)90055-0.

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2

Edelman, Elazer R., Michael Simons, Martin G. Sirois, and Robert D. Rosenberg. "c-mycin Vasculoproliferative Disease." Circulation Research 76, no. 2 (February 1995): 176–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.res.76.2.176.

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3

Ju, Xiaoli, Meijia Ren, Keping Chen, and Qiang Wang. "Overexpression of c-Myc enhances recombinant protein production in High Five cells after baculovirus infection." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 73, no. 3-4 (February 23, 2018): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2017-0076.

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AbstractDue to their numerous advantages, baculovirus expression vector systems (BEVS) have been widely used to express recombinant proteins for different purposes. Different strategies have been adopted to increase recombinant protein production. In this study, we transiently or stably expressed mousec-Mycin High Five cells using a commercial pIB/V5 vector. Under the control of theOpIE2promoter, this vector could enhance recombinant protein production. We found that transient expression ofc-Mycin High Five cells improved recombinant protein production. Furthermore, we established two stable cell lines, High Five-c-Myc #1 and High Five-c-Myc #2, that stably expressed mousec-Myc. We further found that the expression level of the recombinant protein was increased in these stable cell lines compared to control cell lines. These data indicate that overexpressingc-Mycin cells is a promising way to improve recombinant protein production in BEVS.

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4

Hirvonen, Harri, Veijo Hukkanen, Toivo T. Salmi, Tarja-Terttu Pelliniemi, and Riitta Alitalo. "L-mycand N-mycin Hematopoietic Malignancies." Leukemia & Lymphoma 11, no. 3-4 (January 1993): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10428199309086996.

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5

Daniel, Milan, Petr Hájek, and Phuong Hoang Nguyen. "CADIAG-2 and MYCIN-like systems." Artificial Intelligence in Medicine 9, no. 3 (March 1997): 241–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0933-3657(96)00376-4.

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6

Wallace, Stephanie J., Jian Li, Craig R. Rayner, Kingsley Coulthard, and Roger L. Nation. "Stability of Colistin Methanesulfonate in Pharmaceutical Products and Solutions for Administration to Patients." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 52, no. 9 (July 7, 2008): 3047–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00103-08.

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ABSTRACT Colistin methanesulfonate (CMS) has the potential to hydrolyze in aqueous solution to liberate colistin, its microbiologically active and more toxic parent compound. While conversion of CMS to colistin in vivo is important for bactericidal activity, liberation of colistin during storage and/or use of pharmaceutical formulations may potentiate the toxicity of CMS. To date, there has been no information available regarding the stability of CMS in pharmaceutical preparations. Two commercial CMS formulations were investigated for stability with respect to colistin content, which was measured by a specific high-performance liquid chromatography method. Coly-Mycin M Parenteral (colistimethate lyophilized powder) was stable (<0.1% of CMS present as colistin) for at least 20 weeks at 4°C and 25°C at 60% relative humidity. When Coly-Mycin M was reconstituted with 2 ml of water to a CMS concentration of 200 mg/ml for injection, Coly-Mycin M was stable (<0.1% colistin formed) for at least 7 days at both 4°C and 25°C. When further diluted to 4 mg/ml in a glucose (5%) or saline (0.9%) infusion solution as directed, CMS hydrolyzed faster at 25°C (<4% colistin formed after 48 h) than at 4°C (0.3% colistin formed). The second formulation, CMS Solution for Inhalation (77.5 mg/ml), was stable at 4°C and 25°C for at least 12 months, as determined based on colistin content (<0.1%). This study demonstrated the concentration- and temperature-dependent hydrolysis of CMS. The information provided by this study has important implications for the formulation and clinical use of CMS products.

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7

LACAVE, CARMEN, and FRANCISCO J. DIEZ. "A review of explanation methods for heuristic expert systems." Knowledge Engineering Review 19, no. 2 (June 2004): 133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888904000190.

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Explanation of reasoning is one of the most important abilities an expert system should provide in order to be widely accepted. In fact, since MYCIN, many expert systems have tried to include some explanation capability. This paper reviews the methods developed to date for explanation in heuristic expert systems.

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8

Bisso, Andrea, Arianna Sabò, and Bruno Amati. "MYCin Germinal Center‐derived lymphomas: Mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities." Immunological Reviews 288, no. 1 (March 2019): 178–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imr.12734.

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9

Narain, S. "Special Feature Mycin: Implementing the Expert System in Loglisp." IEEE Software 2, no. 3 (May 1985): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ms.1985.231028.

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10

Kersten, Marie José, and Jeroen E. J. Guikema. "MYCin diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: always the bad guy?" Leukemia & Lymphoma 56, no. 11 (June 18, 2015): 3003–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10428194.2015.1048445.

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11

Li, Tai, Lin Wang, Xiao‑Xue Ke, Xue‑Yang Gong, Jian‑Hua Wan, Xiang‑wei Hao, Man Xu, Zonghuai Xiang, Zhao‑Bo Cui, and Hongjuan Cui. "DNA-damaging drug-induced apoptosis sensitized byN-mycin neuroblastoma cells." Cell Biology International 36, no. 4 (February 14, 2012): 331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cbi20110231.

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12

Feller, K., S. Yang, N. Tung, J. Lee, and M. Mahalingam. "c-mycin Kaposi’s sarcoma: analyses by fluorescentin situhybridization and immunohistochemistry." Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 28, no. 1 (August 7, 2012): 120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3083.2012.04672.x.

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13

Mmbaga, M. T., and E. C. Nnodu. "Biology and Control of Bacterial Leaf Blight of Cornus mas." HortScience 41, no. 3 (June 2006): 721–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.3.721.

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Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) has been free of disease and pest problems until recently when a bacterial leaf blight caused by Pseudomonas syringae was reported. Since its first observation in middle Tennessee in 1999, the disease has become endemic in the nursery where it was first discovered. The objective of this study was to assess the disease, evaluate factors that favor disease development, and develop disease management strategies. Cool temperatures of 20 to 24 °C (day) and 10 to 15 °C (night) were most favorable to the disease and young leaves were highly susceptible while mature leaves were resistant to infection. Leaf wounding increased the susceptibility of leaves and mature leaves developed infection at 28 °C, temperature at which nonwounded leaves were completely resistant to infection. Results from this study also showed that plant propagation from seemingly healthy branches of infected plants may have perpetuated the disease at the nursery. Six chemicals—Phyton-27 (copper sulfate), Camelot (copper salt of fatty acids), Agri-Mycin 17 (streptomycin), Kocide 101 (copper hydroxide), Basicop (elemental copper 53%), and, Bordeaux mixture (cupric sulfate + lime) were evaluated for disease control. Phyton-27, and Agri-Mycin—were most effective and reduced disease severity to 10% of foliage showing disease symptoms. Information from this study will be useful in designing effective disease management strategies.

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Gowda, Bettaiah, Jan Qin, Sohrab Mobarhan, and Thomas O. Frommel. "Expression ofc‐mycin human colonic tissue in response to β‐carotene supplementation." Nutrition and Cancer 28, no. 2 (January 1997): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01635589709514565.

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15

Yang, Li Ping. "Application of an Improved Fuzzy Reasoning Petri Nets Algorithm in IDS." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 2321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.2321.

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Petri net is a good tool to express production rules. To address the problem that needs to decrease false alarm rate in Intrusion Detection System (IDS), an improved fuzzy Petri net reasoning algorithm with weight factor was presented and be applied in IDS. The algorithm takes into account weight of proposition in rules and improves accuracy of detection. The reasoning process was completed with matrix computation manner based on MYCIN confidence method. It has parallel reasoning ability and improved speed of reasoning. An example illustrated correctness and rationality of improved algorithm in IDS.

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16

TOMIYAMA, TETSUO. "Intelligent computer-aided design systems: Past 20 years and future 20 years." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 21, no. 1 (January 2007): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060407070114.

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Triggered by expert systems technology, artificial intelligence (AI) was a silver bullet in the early 1980s. AI seemed to be able to perfectly solve various problems that involved any intellectual activities. For instance, MYCIN (Shortliffe, 1976), developed at Stanford, gave a strong impression that medical doctors could have been soon supported by a clever consultation system, resulting in more accurate diagnoses. Inspired by these, also in engineering fields, a variety of experimental systems for fault diagnosis, planning, selection, and design were developed, which demonstrated promising possibilities of their applications.

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17

Deeva, Olga V., and Artem A. Sharapov. "DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTELLECTUAL CHAT-BOT FOR APPLICANTS SGUGIT ON THE PLATFORM IBM WATSON ASSISTANT." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 7, no. 1 (July 8, 2020): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2020-7-1-71-76.

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The article discusses the issues of artificial intelligence for the development of chat-bots, such as Deep Blue, MYCIN, 20Q, Watson. A platform is proposed for developing an intelligent chat-bot and introducing it into the admissions committee of SSUGT. A constructive dialogue has been set up and a test version of the chat bot was developed. A chat-bot chat service and a conversation workspace were developed. A number of issues that are most interesting for applicants are identified, and chains of answers are drawn up. Chat-bot features such as “intentions”, “essence” and “dialogue” have been created.

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18

Kuehny, Jeff S., Patricia C. Branch, Gordon E. Holcomb, and Wen-Chy Chang. "Chemical Treatments to Control Erwinia Soft Rot of Calla Rhizomes." HortTechnology 8, no. 3 (July 1998): 353–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.8.3.353.

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Dimethyl ammonium chloride (DAC, `Triathlon'), sodium hypochlorite, formaldehyde, and streptomycin (`Agri-mycin 17') were used as dips to treat Zantedeschia rehmannii superba Engl., Zantedeschia elliotiana ×maculata (Hook.) Engl., and Zantedeschia albomaculata (W.Wats.) Baill. rhizomes to control Erwinia soft rot. A 30 min 200 ppm (mg·L−1) streptomycin dip provided the best control of Erwinia soft rot for all three Zantedeschia species and a 1-hour 10% formaldehyde dip provided the second best control of inoculated rhizomes. Rhizomes inoculated with Erwinia required more days to emerge. Chemical treatments did not affect days to emergence or final plant growth.

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19

De Baets, Bernard, and János Fodor. "Van Melle's combining function in MYCIN is a representable uninorm: An alternative proof." Fuzzy Sets and Systems 104, no. 1 (May 1999): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-0114(98)00265-6.

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20

Swartout, William R. "Rule-based expert systems: The mycin experiments of the stanford heuristic programming project." Artificial Intelligence 26, no. 3 (July 1985): 364–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(85)90067-0.

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21

Acharjee, Mrityunjoy, Rakhi Baishnaib, and Rashed Noor. "Microbiological safety of commonly available eye ointments and their in-vitro anti-bacterial potency." Bangladesh Journal of Microbiology 35, no. 2 (August 18, 2019): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v35i2.42641.

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Current study attempted to check out the microbiological quality of some common sterile ointment commonly implemented for the treatment of eye infections in Bangladesh. Seventeen (17) different eye ointment (T-Mycin, Aprocin, Bactin, Optimox and Cloram, Hypomer gel, Sonexa, Polytracin, Cero, Aristobet, Lotepred, Herpigel, Gentob, Xoviral, Zirgan, Xovir, Tomycin, Tobirax, AFm-plus and Parafresh) were microbiologically examined through common and traditional cultural methods. Total viable bacterial and fungal contamination was found up to 106 and 105 cfu/ml respectively. Among the 17 samples T-Mycin, Aprocin, Sonexa, Polytracinand Tomycinwere free from fungal contamination. All the samples significantly exceeded United States Pharmacopeia (USP) or British Pharmacopeia (BP) limit (<102 cfu/ml) in case of Total viable bacteria and fungus contamination. While the coliforms (Escherichia coli and Klebsheilla spp.) were absent in all samples, the prevalence of Staphylococcus spp. was 100% in all samples up to 103 while the Bacillus spp. was found up to 102 cfu/ml. Pseudomonas spp. was cultivated in TMycin, Aprocin Hypomer gel, Sonexa, Polytracin, Cero, Aristobet and Lotepred up to 103cfu/ml. All the 5 drugs showed their antibacterial potency with satisfactory range of zone diameter againstE. coli, Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus spp., Klebsheilla spp. and Bacillus spp. In case of all 17 ointments the average zone diameter range was noticed within 13mm-22mm. The highest zone diameter (22mm) was recorded against E. coli produced by Aprocin and minimum zone diameter (13mm) was recorded against Bacillus spp. produced by Bactin, Optimox and Cloram.Gentamicin and Streptomycin were used as positive control against the tested bacteria. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 35 Number 2 December 2018, pp 122-126

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22

Félix Reyes, Marisol, Pablo Elorza Martínez, and Arianna Rubí González Sánchez. "Alternativas de manejo In vitro de Erwinia spp. patogénica en Saintpaulia ionantha." Revista Biológico Agropecuaria Tuxpan 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.47808/revistabioagro.v5i2.103.

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El trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la eficacia in vitro de diferentes bactericidas para el control de Erwinia sp. aislada en plantas de violeta africana (Saintpaulia ionantha) procedentes de un invernadero en la localidad de Tenango de las Flores, Huachinango, Puebla. Después de realizar los postulados de Koch, el agente causal del tizón bacteriano fue identificado como Erwinia sp. Este patógeno daña principalmente en las hojas y puede llegar a destruir toda la planta ya que produce grandes cantidades de enzimas pectolíticas. En el bioensayo de laboratorio se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar con cinco repeticiones y siete tratamientos, Oxicrop, Agri-Mycin® 100, Bactrol® 2x, Hidrobacter®, Terramicina® Agrícola 5%, Final Bacter y Agrobacter®, adicionándose además un testigo sin bactericida y evaluando el efecto de halos de inhibición producidos en un medio de agar de soya tripticaseína. El análisis estadístico indico diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los tratamientos, a las 48 horas de haber formado halos de inhibición por cada tratamiento (ANOVA p < =0.05). La prueba de comparación de medias, mostro la existencia de diferencias significativas en lo que respecta a los halos de inhibición causados en cada uno de los tratamientos en estudio, siendo el tratamiento 4 (Hidrobacter®), el que presentó el mayor halo de inhibición siendo estadísticamente similar a los tratamientos 1 (Oxicrop) y 6 (Final Bacter). El tratamiento 2 (Agri-Mycin® 100) mostró el menor halo de inhibición lo que significa que el aislado bacteriano mostró tolerancia al efecto de los ingredientes activos (estreptomicina y oxitetraciclina) contenidos en el producto comercial y no sería recomendable su uso en campo a las dosis recomendadas.

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23

Björklund, Peyman, Göran Åkerström, and Gunnar Westin. "Accumulation of Nonphosphorylated β-Catenin and c-mycin Primary and Uremic Secondary Hyperparathyroid Tumors." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 92, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 338–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2006-1197.

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24

Thompson, Alexander, Ying Zhang, Dimitry Kamen, Carl W. Jackson, Robert D. Cardiff, and Katya Ravid. "Deregulated Expression of c-mycin Megakaryocytes of Transgenic Mice Increases Megakaryopoiesis and Decreases Polyploidization." Journal of Biological Chemistry 271, no. 38 (September 20, 1996): 22976–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.271.38.22976.

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25

Lovato, Luis M. "Journal Scan: “Drain-O-Mycin” Still Preferred for Uncomplicated Skin Abscess in MRSA Era." Emergency Medicine News XXXIII, no. 2 (February 2011): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.eem.0000394584.82657.b3.

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26

Abb, J. "R2125 Susceptibility of glycopeptide-resistant Enterococcus faecium to tigecycline, dapto-mycin, linezolid, and quinupristin-dalfopristin." International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 29 (March 2007): S615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-8579(07)71964-7.

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27

Yan, Jun, Ying Jiang, Jianfeng Lu, Jianhui Wu, and Mingfang Zhang. "Inhibiting of Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Lung Cancer Induced by Silencing Interferon-Induced Transmembrane Protein 1 (IFITM1)." BioMed Research International 2019 (May 8, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9085435.

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Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1), a 17-kDa membrane protein, is generally known as a modulator in many cellular functions. Recent studies showed overexpression of IFITM1 in cancers and relationship between IFITM1 overexpression and tumor progression. However, the role of IFITM1 in lung cancer remains unclear. Here, we presented the overexpression of IFITM1 in lung cancer tissues and cell lines A549 and H460 using quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR.In vitroassay indicated IFITM1 silencing inhibited lung cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Further,in vivoassay showed that IFITM1 silencing markedly suppressed cell growth and metastasis of lung cancer in tumor-bearing BALB/c nude mice. Mechanistically, we found that IFITM1 silencing significantly alleviated the protein levels ofβ-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-Mycin lung cancer cells and tumor samples. Taken together, our study revealed the role of IFITM1 as a tumor promoter during lung cancer development and the possible molecular mechanism.

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28

Duboid, Didier, and Henri Prade. "Non-standard theories of uncertainty in knowledge representation and reasoning." Knowledge Engineering Review 9, no. 4 (December 1994): 399–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888900007128.

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AbstractThis paper provides a survey of the state of the art in plausible reasoning, that is exception tolerant reasoning under incomplete information. Three requirements are necessary for a formalism in order to cope with this problem: (i) making a clear distinction between factual information and generic knowledge; (ii) having a correct representation of partial ignorance; (iii) providing a nonmonotonic inference mechanism. Classical logic fails on requirements (i) and (iii), whilst the Bayesian approach does not fulfil (ii) in an unbiased way. In this perspective, various uncertainty modelling frameworks are reviewed: MYCIN-like fully compositional calculi, belief functions, upper and lower probability systems, and possibility theory. Possibility theory enables classical logic to be extended to layered sets of formulae, where layers express certainty levels. Finally, it is explained how generic knowledge can be expressed by constraints on possibility measures, and how possibilistic inferences can encode nonmonotonic reasoning in agreement with the Lehmann et al. postulates.

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29

Yen, Y. H., and Y. R. Chen. "Effects of Heat Shock on Nucleolar Organization in Tobacco Cells." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 46 (1988): 264–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100103383.

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In the previous study, supraoptimal and lethal temperatures affected on the structure of cell organelles in root meristematic cells of soybean were reported(l). In the present study, nucleolar organization in cultured cells responsing to heat shock will be invastigated.Suspension culture cells of tobacco(Nicotiana tobaccum W 38) growing in MS medium containing 1 ppm 2,4-D and 1 ppm kinetin were divided into several groupes and incubated as follow: 1), 28°C(2h); 2), 38°C(2h); 3), 42°C(2h); 4), 45°C(2h); 5), actino- mycin D(2 ug/ml, 3h). After incubation, cells were collected, fixed in 3% glutaraldehyde, post-fixed in 1% osmic tetraoxide, dehydrated in ethanol series and embedded in Spurr's resin. Thin sections were collected on formvar-supported grids and stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. Silver-staining adopted the method of Medina et al.(2) and sample were prefixed in 3% glutaraldehyde, post-fixed in Carnoy's solution, and then impregnated with silver by 2-step method.

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30

Ma, Ming, Kai Zhao, Wenting Wu, Ruilin Sun, and Jian Fei. "Dynamic expression ofN-mycin mouse embryonic development using an enhanced green fluorescent protein reporter gene in theN-myclocus." Development, Growth & Differentiation 56, no. 2 (January 8, 2014): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dgd.12115.

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31

Kiselev, Kirill, Elena Noeva, Oleg Vyborov, Andrey Zorin, Alexandra Potekhina, Maria Osyaeva, Tamila Martyniuk, and Tatyana Zarubina. "Development of a Reasoning Solver Algorithm for Instrumental Diagnostics of Angina Pectoris in Intelligent Clinical Decision Support System." Medical Technologies. Assessment and Choice (Медицинские технологии. Оценка и выбор), no. 1 (35) (May 1, 2019): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31556/2219-0678.2019.35.1.032-042.

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Clinical Decision Making Support Systems (CDMSS) are becoming increasingly popular in the wake of the introduction of information technology in medicine and the development of medical information systems. The potential benefits of using the CDMSS are forcing you to look for ways to create such a system that would allow you to solve not only clinical problems, but also analytical ones, planning tasks, training medical personnel, and digging new knowledge in medicine. It has been almost 50 years since the creation of the first MYCIN CDMSS, but the developers of such systems, the systems that provide intellectual support for clinical decision-making (ICDMSS), still face the problems of imitating reflexion and building an adequate inference machine that would provide the doctor with detailed explanations regarding proposed options for further action. This article is devoted to describing the experience of developing an algorithm for the operation of the solver of ICDMSS for diagnosing angina, which using mathematical methods would allow adequately evaluating the options offered to the doctor, as well as explaining them in detail using custom user stories.

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Kapila, Yvonne L., Shaohui Wang, Paul Dazin, Elizabeth Tafolla, and Marc J. Mass. "The Heparin-binding Domain and V Region of Fibronectin Regulate Apoptosis by Suppression ofp53and c-mycin Human Primary Cells." Journal of Biological Chemistry 277, no. 10 (December 18, 2001): 8482–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m108932200.

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33

Tsadiras, Athanasios K., and Konstantinos G. Margaritis. "The MYCIN certainty factor handling function as uninorm operator and its use as a threshold function in artificial neurons." Fuzzy Sets and Systems 93, no. 3 (February 1998): 263–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-0114(96)00185-6.

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34

Xie, Ningxin, Yu Han, and Zhaowen Li. "A novel approach to fuzzy soft sets in decision making based on grey relational analysis and MYCIN certainty factor." International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems 8, no. 5 (September 3, 2015): 959–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18756891.2015.1099903.

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35

Kapila, Yvonne L., Shaohui Wang, Paul Dazin, Elizabeth Tafolla, and Marc J. Mass. "The heparin-binding domain and V region of fibronectin regulate apoptosis by suppression of p53and c-mycin human primary cells." Journal of Biological Chemistry 277, no. 46 (November 2002): 44588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(19)71816-x.

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36

Broers, Jos L. V., Jean Viallet, Sandra M. Jensen, Harvey Pass, William D. Travis, John D. Minna, and R. Ilona Linnoila. "Expression of c-mycin Progenitor Cells of the Bronchopulmonary Epithelium and in a Large Number of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers." American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 9, no. 1 (July 1993): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1165/ajrcmb/9.1.33.

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37

Redman, Regina S., Judith C. Ranson, and Rusty J. Rodriguez. "Conversion of the Pathogenic Fungus Colletotrichum magna to a Nonpathogenic, Endophytic Mutualist by Gene Disruption." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 12, no. 11 (November 1999): 969–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.1999.12.11.969.

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Hygromycin-resistant transformants of the cucurbit pathogen Colletotrichum magna (teleomorph: Glomerella magna) were generated by restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI) transformation. A rapid pathogenicity assay involving watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) seedlings was developed and 14,400 REMI transformants were screened and assessed for their ability to cause disease, colonize plant tissues, and confer disease resistance against wild-type C. magna. A total of 176 nonpathogenic REMI mutants capable of colonizing cucurbit plants were isolated and assigned to three groups based on their ability to confer disease resistance: phenotype A, 80 to 100% disease protection; phenotype B, 10 to 65% disease protection; and phenotype C, 0 to 4% disease protection. Molecular and genetic analyses of one REMI mutant (R1) indicated that the nonpathogenic phenotype A resulted from a single-site integration. R1 showed a 1:1 segregation of hygromycin resistance and nonpathogenicity and all hygro-mycin-resistant progeny were nonpathogenic. The integrated vector and 5.5 kb of flanking fungal genomic DNA were isolated from R1 and designated pGMR1. To verify that pGMR1 contained pathogenicity gene sequences, a wild-type isolate of C. magna was transformed with pGMR1 to induce gene disruptions by homologous integration. Approximately 47% of the pGMR1 transformants expressed phenotype A, indicating homologous integration and gene disruption.

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Samje, Moses, Onesimus Yongwa, Alice Mbi Enekegbe, and Simon Njoya. "Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacteriuria among HIV-seropositive patients attending the Bamenda Regional Hospital, Cameroon." African Health Sciences 20, no. 3 (October 7, 2020): 1045–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v20i3.7.

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Background: HIV causes a decrease in CD4+ lymphocyte cells count, exposing the individual to infections (urinary tract infections). This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of bacteriuria and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolates among HIV patients. Methods: Clean catch mid-stream urine samples were collected from 135 HIV- seropositive patients, cultured on Cystein lactose electrolyte deficient (CLED) agar and incubated at 370C for 24 hours. The modified Kirby-Bauer’s disc diffusion method was used to assess susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. Results: The prevalence of bacteriuria was 67.4% (91/135). Staphylococcus aureus was the most predominant (42.9%) isolate, followed by Escherichia. coli (24.2%), then Coagulase negative Staphylococci (10.9%). The highest proportion of bacteria was isolated from patients having a CD4+ T-cell count of less than 300 cells/mm3 (39.6%). There was an association between the level of CD4+cell count and bacterial urinary tract infection (P= 0.001). Most sensitive drugs were gentamycin, vanco- mycin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid while the drug with the greatest resistance was sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim, with Enterococcus and Proteus showing 100% resistance to this drug. Conclusion: Bacteriuria and resistance to commonly used antibiotics is prevalent among HIV/AIDS patients attending the Bamenda Regional Hospital. Therapy based on antimicrobial susceptibility test is encouraged. Keywords: Bacteriuria; HIV-seropositive patients; susceptibility; CD4+ T-cell.

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Franch, H. A., and P. A. Preisig. "NH4Cl-induced hypertrophy is mediated by weak base effects and is independent of cell cycle processes." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 270, no. 3 (March 1, 1996): C932—C938. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1996.270.3.c932.

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Renal hypertrophy occurs in a number of clinical conditions, some of which are associated with increases in ambient ammonia concentrations. NH4Cl induces hypertrophy in cultured renal epithelial cells. The present studies examined the mechanism of NH4Cl-induced hypertrophy in NRK-52E cells. Hypertrophy was also induced by methylammonium chloride, a related weak base, but not by tetramethylammonium chloride, a weak base analogue that can neither accept nor donate protons. Bafilo-mycin A1, an inhibitor of vacuolar proton pumps, also induced hypertrophy. Together, these studies suggest that NH4Cl-induced hypertrophy is mediated by its weak base property, allowing it to enter and alkalinize acid vesicular compartments. Additional studies demonstrated that NH4Cl-induced hypertrophy is not mediated by modulation of cell cycle processes. NH4Cl addition had no effect on the following: c-fos mRNA abundance, typically associated with entrance into the cell cycle; cyclin E protein abundance, which increases as cells progress through G1; or protein synthesis, which also increases during G1. In addition, inactivation of pRB by overexpression of human papilloma virus-16 carrying the E7 gene, which inhibits cell cycle-dependent hypertrophy, had no effect on the ability of NH4Cl to induce hypertrophy. Based on these data, we postulate that, in hypertrophic conditions associated with increased ammoniagenesis, hypertrophy is mediated by vesicular alkalinization and occurs independently of processes that govern progression through the cell cycle.

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Sadiq, Sarah, Abdul Khaliq Naveed, Palvasha Waheed, Fatima Qaiser, and Shoaib N. Hashmi. "PROSTATE AND BREAST CANCER." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 05 (May 10, 2018): 703–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2018.25.05.312.

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Background: CK2, a serine/threonine, protein kinase, targets over and above300 substrates including c-Myc. CK2 expression is elevated in human cancers includingbreast cancer and prostate cancer. c-Myc protooncogene expression is also up-regulated inthese cancers. Objectives: To evaluate the co expression and correlation of CK2 and c-Mycin prostate cancer as compared to their correlation in breast cancer. Study Design: Crosssectional analytical study. Setting: Army Medical College and AFIP, Duration: Two years.Methods: A retrospective study of immunohistochemical analysis, approved by Armed ForcesInstitute of Pathology Ethical Committee. Paraffin embedded tissues of diagnosed prostatecancer, 30 in number, 30 cases of Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH) and 30 cases of breastadenocarcinoma, were included in the study. We stained tissue sections for CK2 and c-Mycand measured staining intensity for each protein expression. Data analysis was done by SPSSversion 20. Pearson correlation coefficient was used for correlating the expression of bothproteins. P-value was calculated. Results: A strong correlation of CK2 with c-Myc was seen inprostate cancer tissue, in comparison to BPH. There was a very significant correlation presentbetween CK2 and c-Myc, especially in invasive cases of breast cancer. Conclusion: CK2 andc-Myc expressions are highly and significantly correlated in prostate cancer and breast cancerespecially in invasive cases. CK2 has influence over c-Myc and both can be used for forecastingthe cancer phenotype and aggression of disease.

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Emin Taleh Mammadov, Emin, Hasan Panach Imanli, and Elcin Nizami Huseyn. "ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE PRACTICES IN THE HEALTH SECTOR." NATURE AND SCIENCE 04, no. 05 (December 28, 2020): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2707-1146/05/21-29.

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Artificial intelligence is a technology developed to make machines think like humans. Aristotle's historical artificial intelligence entered the health sector in the 1970s. The first application for artificial intelligence in the internist-1 field in health care, the Casnet expert system, and MYCIN. This technology was later introduced to many areas of health care. The main purpose of this application is for the benefit of doctors and patients. In general, applications, medical decisions, early diagnosis and treatment, drug development, and medical imaging issues deserve attention. Another important issue is the concern about the benefits of artificial intelligence, as well as the possibility of replacing the physicians in charge when medical decisions are left entirely to artificial intelligence. This study aims to provide readers with general information about the areas where artificial intelligence is used in health care. In this study, 14 applications were examined and outstanding results were observed. When doctors say that a comatose patient cannot wake up, artificial intelligence says that a comatose patient can wake up and the patient can wake up. Other advanced artificial intelligence has shown that it can detect cancer more accurately than 58 skin specialists. One study concluded that artificial intelligence with a predictive treatment approach lowered health care costs by 5 to 9% and could lead to an increase in life expectancy of 0.2 to 1.3 years. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Health Practices, Health Management

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Jurgens, A. G., and M. Babadoost. "Sensitivity of Erwinia amylovora in Illinois Apple Orchards to Streptomycin, Oxytetracyline, Kasugamycin, and Copper." Plant Disease 97, no. 11 (November 2013): 1484–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-13-0209-re.

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In 2008 and 2009, severe fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) occurred in Illinois apple orchards, leading to speculation that streptomycin-resistant strains of E. amylovora might be present in some orchards. Statewide surveys were conducted in 2010, 2011, and 2012, and 117, 129, and 170, E. amylovora isolates were collected, respectively, from 20 counties. None of the 416 E. amylovora isolates tested were resistant to streptomycin (Agri-Mycin 17WP) at 50 mg/liter. Seven non-E. amylovora bacterial isolates were collected from E. amylovora-infected shoots that contained both a strA-strB streptomycin resistance gene and IS1133 on transposon Tn5393, which could be a potential source of streptomycin resistance for E. amylovora in Illinois in the future. Colony development of all 84 E. amylovora isolates tested was inhibited on Luria-Bertani medium amended with oxytetracycline at 50 mg/liter and kasugamycin (Kasumin 2L) at 100 mg/liter. Similarly, colony development of the 84 E. amylovora isolates was inhibited on casitone-yeast extract medium amended with copper sulfate at 0.16 mM. In 2011 and 2012, field trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of oxytetracycline (Mycoshield 17WP), kasugamycin (Kasumin 2L and ARY-4016-06), copper hydroxide (Kocide-3000 41.6DF), Bacillus subtilis (Serenade Max, QST713), and Pseudomonas fluorescens (Blight Ban A506) for management of fire blight in an apple orchard. Only kasugamycin (Kasumin 2L and ARY-4016-06) reduced blossom infection significantly. There was a significant interaction of kasugamycin (Kasumin 2L) with prohexadione calcium (Apogee 27.5DF) in reducing shoot blight incidence in the field in 2012.

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NGUYEN, THANH THUY, TOAN THANG NGUYEN, BINH CUONG THAC, and DINH KHANG TRAN. "A FUZZY DISTRIBUTED EXPERT SYSTEM DESIGN TOOL EXGEN AND ITS APPLICATION TO SENSORY FOODSTUFF EVALUATION." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 07, no. 04 (August 1999): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488599000337.

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Since the appearance of MYCIN, expert systems have been widely and successfully developed for various scientific and technological researches and applications. These applications require more and more fuzzy information resources because of the uncertainty, inexactness in labeling facts using linguistic terms and expressing human expertise. Sensory foodstuff evaluation is among this kind of fuzzy expert system applications. In the frame of the research project on fuzzy expert systems for science and technology at the Hanoi University of Technology, we have developed an expert system building tool called EXGEN which has the following features: – Knowledge editing in the form of production rules using Vietnamese in the natural language-like syntax. The tool is also capable to verify the consistency of an acquired knowledge base. – Inference engine consisting of two principal inference mechanisms (forward and backward inference) and control strategy module. We proposed also some heuristics for choosing a potential inference trace, allowing to get more information about conclusions. – Possibility of establishing a configuration for a distributed working session. It would be possible to carry out: + a deduction over a shared rule base (RB) in the server, based on information acquired from workstations (common RB and conclusion, distributed fact base (FB)) + a deduction over a shared RB in the server with different cognitive tasks (including hypotheses fact and conclusions) on workstations (common RB and distributed FB) + deductions on workstations with distributed knowledge bases (Distributed RB and FB) We have already implemented an application expert system SENEXSYS for sensory foodstuff evaluation using the building tool EXGEN. Experimental results have shown that qualification given by the expert system is comparable to evaluation results obtained by following up Vietnamese standard TCVN 3215.79

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Yungán, Jonny Israel Guaiña, Byron Ernesto Vaca Barahona, Carlos Arturo Jara Santillán, Ángel Patricio Flores Orozco, and Sttefano Israel Aguayo Cáceres. "Desarrollo De Un Sistema Experto Para Mejorar La Asignacion Del Docente A Las Diferentes Catedras En La Facultad De Informática Y Electrónica Utilizando El Modelo De Mycin." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 25 (September 30, 2017): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n25p236.

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This research proposes the development of an expert system that improves the teaching assignment to teach the different chairs of the Faculty of Computer Science and Electronics at the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo. The current problem involves a manual process of evaluation of academic profiles and find the best solution through an expert system that meets certain needs when assigning chairs to the teacher. Free software was used. Linux Platform CentOS 5.0, Glassfish Server 3.1.2, PostgreSQL Database Version 9.2, Java Programming language with PrimeFaces 4.0 component library to automate, optimize and properly focus the assignment process. Based on a Likert scale, the automated process was 93.33% efficient versus 33.33% of the manual process. Analyzing the results, it is concluded that the automatic process exceeds the manual process by 60%, revealing that the process of assigning chairs has improved considerably using this expert system. The use of this system will support and guide decisions when evaluating academic profiles of professionals who would like to be part of the faculty of the Faculty of Computer Science and Electronics at the Polytechnic Higher School of Chimborazo.

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Schmidt, M., V. Nazarov, L. Stevens, R. Watson, and L. Wolff. "Regulation of the Resident Chromosomal Copy of c-myc by c-Myb Is Involved in Myeloid Leukemogenesis." Molecular and Cellular Biology 20, no. 6 (March 15, 2000): 1970–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.20.6.1970-1981.2000.

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ABSTRACT c-myb is a frequent target of retroviral insertional mutagenesis in murine leukemia virus-induced myeloid leukemia. Induction of the leukemogenic phenotype is generally associated with inappropriate expression of this transcriptional regulator. Despite intensive investigations, the target genes of c-myb that are specifically involved in development of these myeloid lineage neoplasms are still unknown. In vitro assays have indicated that c-myc may be a target gene of c-Myb; however, regulation of the resident chromosomal gene has not yet been demonstrated. To address this question further, we analyzed the expression of c-mycin a myeloblastic cell line, M1, expressing a conditionally active c-Myb–estrogen receptor fusion protein (MybER). Activation of MybER both prevented the growth arrest induced by interleukin-6 (IL-6) and rapidly restored c-myc expression in nearly terminal differentiated cells that had been exposed to IL-6 for 3 days. Restoration occurred in the presence of a protein synthesis inhibitor but not after a transcriptional block, indicating that c-myc is a direct, transcriptionally regulated target of c-Myb. c-myc is a major target that transduces Myb's proliferative signal, as shown by the ability of a c-Myc–estrogen receptor fusion protein alone to also reverse growth arrest in this system. To investigate the possibility that this regulatory connection contributes to Myb's oncogenicity, we expressed a dominant negative Myb in the myeloid leukemic cell line RI-4-11. In this cell line, c-myb is activated by insertional mutagenesis and cannot be effectively down regulated by cytokine. Myb's ability to regulate c-myc's expression was also demonstrated in these cells, showing a mechanism through which the proto-oncogene c-mybcan exert its oncogenic potential in myeloid lineage hematopoietic cells.

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Ellis, M. A., L. V. Madden, and T. J. Burr. "Effectiveness of Fosetyl-Aluminum and Streptomycin Alone and In Combination for Control of Blister Spot on ‘Mutsu’ Apples in Ohio and New York." Plant Health Progress 1, no. 1 (January 2000): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-2000-1204-01-rs.

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The efficacies of fosetyl-Al (Aliette 80 WDG) and streptomycin (Agri-mycin 17 WP) were evaluated alone and in combination for control of blister spot of ‘Mutsu’ apple in Ohio and New York. In both test orchards, streptomycinresistant strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. papulans were present. The results of field tests conducted in two consecutive years in Ohio were very similar. Fosetyl-Al and streptomycin applied alone resulted in significantly fewer infected fruit and significantly lower disease severity than the nontreated control. In 1997 only, the combination treatment of fosetyl-Al and streptomycin resulted in significantly less infected fruit and significantly less disease severity than the other treatments. For field experiments conducted in two consecutive years in New York, streptomycin and fosetyl-Al plus streptomycin resulted in significantly fewer infected fruit and significantly less disease severity than the untreated control, with no significant differences between treatments. Fosetyl-Al decreased disease severity and increased the percentage of marketable fruit in 1995, but it did not in 1996. The results suggest that fosetyl-Al and streptomycin usually provide a significant level of blister spot control when applied alone. When applied in combination, they may have an additive effect that increases the level of disease control. However, the level of control under the heavy disease pressure that occurred in both years of testing in Ohio was still less than 50% as compared to the nontreated control. The level of control obtained in New York tests was also unsatisfactory. Results indicate that fosetyl-Al and streptomycin alone or in combination are not highly efficacious in orchards where streptomycin-resistant strains of P. syringae pv. papulans are present, and their use in such orchards is not economically feasible. The lack of effective chemical controls could increase the economic importance of blister spot in the U.S. Accepted for publication 28 November 2000. Published 4 December 2000.

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Hogmire, Henry W., and Tim Winfield. "Insecticide Evaluation I, 1997." Arthropod Management Tests 23, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/23.1.8.

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Abstract This experiment was conducted in 3 miniblocks, each ⅓ acre, of 19-yr-old trees on MM.lll rootstock. Trees measured 15 ft in height and 14 ft in width and were planted at a spacing of 20 X 20 ft. The experimental design consisted of 6 single-tree replica tions per treatment, with 2 replications per mini-block in a randomized block design. Each replicate was surrounded by 1 unsprayed tree on each side. Insecticides were applied as complete sprays to both sides of the trees with a Swanson DA5OOA airblast sprayer, which traveled at 2.4 mph and delivered a spray volume of 100 gpa. Dates of application were 4 Apr [delayed dormant (DD)], 10 Apr [pink (P)], 12 May [petal fall (PF)], 21 May [10-20 mm fruit diameter], 27 May [first cover (lC)], 11 Jun [second cover (2c)], 24 Jun [third cover (3C)], 8 Jul [fourth cover (4C)], 22 Jul [fifth cover (5C)], 5 Aug [sixth cover (6C)], 19 Aug [seventh cover (7C)], and 2 Sep [eighth cover (8C)I. Other materials applied separately to all treatments were Agri-Mycin, COCS, Dithane, Nova, Penncozeb, Topsin-M, and Ziram. Treatment effect was determined by counting arthropods on test trees periodically during the season. RAA control was determined by counting colonies per tree. Control of WALH was determined by counting nymphs on the underside of 25 leaves per tree. Effect of treatments on STLM was determined by counting all tissue-feeder mines during a 5 minute period per tree. Control of SA was evaluated by counting aphids on the most infested leaf on each of 10 terminals per tree. Effect of treatments on MAL was determined by counting adults and larvae on 10 terminals per tree. Treatment effect against ERM and ARM was determined by sampling 25 leaves per tree (4 replications), removing mites with a mitebrushing machine, and counting motile stages with a binocular microscope. Control of fruit-feeding insects was determined by scoring for injury 100 picked apples and up to 100 drop apples per replication on 23 Sep.

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Myin, Erik. "Eerst iets anders." Algemeen Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Wijsbegeerte 108, no. 2 (May 28, 2016): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/antw2016.2.myin.

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Mierzejewska, Sylwia, Jarosław Diakun, Joanna Piepiórka-Stepuk, and Marzena Zając. "Cleaning in CIP system of selected elements of pipelines." Engineering Sciences And Technologies, no. 3(10) (2013): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15611/nit.2013.3.06.

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Szemes, Marianna, Zsombor Melegh, Jacob Bellamy, Ji Hyun Park, Biyao Chen, Alexander Greenhough, Daniel Catchpoole, and Karim Malik. "Transcriptomic Analyses of MYCN-Regulated Genes in Anaplastic Wilms’ Tumour Cell Lines Reveals Oncogenic Pathways and Potential Therapeutic Vulnerabilities." Cancers 13, no. 4 (February 6, 2021): 656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13040656.

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The MYCN proto-oncogene is deregulated in many cancers, most notably in neuroblastoma, where MYCN gene amplification identifies a clinical subset with very poor prognosis. Gene expression and DNA analyses have also demonstrated overexpression of MYCN mRNA, as well as focal amplifications, copy number gains and presumptive change of function mutations of MYCN in Wilms’ tumours with poorer outcomes, including tumours with diffuse anaplasia. Surprisingly, however, the expression and functions of the MYCN protein in Wilms’ tumours still remain obscure. In this study, we assessed MYCN protein expression in primary Wilms’ tumours using immunohistochemistry of tissue microarrays. We found MYCN protein to be expressed in tumour blastemal cells, and absent in stromal and epithelial components. For functional studies, we used two anaplastic Wilms’ tumour cell-lines, WiT49 and 17.94, to study the biological and transcriptomic effects of MYCN depletion. We found that MYCN knockdown consistently led to growth suppression but not cell death. RNA sequencing identified 561 MYCN-regulated genes shared by WiT49 and 17.94 cell-lines. As expected, numerous cellular processes were downstream of MYCN. MYCN positively regulated the miRNA regulator and known Wilms’ tumour oncogene LIN28B, the genes encoding methylosome proteins PRMT1, PRMT5 and WDR77, and the mitochondrial translocase genes TOMM20 and TIMM50. MYCN repressed genes including the developmental signalling receptor ROBO1 and the stromal marker COL1A1. Importantly, we found that MYCN also repressed the presumptive Wilms’ tumour suppressor gene REST, with MYCN knockdown resulting in increased REST protein and concomitant repression of RE1-Silencing Transcription factor (REST) target genes. Together, our study identifies regulatory axes that interact with MYCN, providing novel pathways for potential targeted therapeutics for poor-prognosis Wilms’ tumour.

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