Relevant bibliographies by topics / Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type

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Academic literature on the topic 'Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type"

1

Persson, Anja, Karin Jacobsson, Lars Frykberg, Karl-Erik Johansson, and François Poumarat. "Variable Surface Protein Vmm of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides Small Colony Type." Journal of Bacteriology 184, no. 13 (2002): 3712–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.184.13.3712-3722.2002.

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ABSTRACT A variable surface protein, Vmm, of the bovine pathogen Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type (M. mycoides SC) has been identified and characterized. Vmm was specific for the SC biotype and was expressed by 68 of 69 analyzed M. mycoides SC strains. The protein was found to undergo reversible phase variation at a frequency of 9 × 10−4 to 5 × 10−5 per cell per generation. The vmm gene was present in all of the 69 tested M. mycoides SC strains and encodes a lipoprotein precursor of 59 amino acids (aa), where the mature protein was predicted to be 36 aa and was anchored to the membrane by only the lipid moiety, as no transmembrane region could be identified. DNA sequencing of the vmm gene region from ON and OFF clones showed that the expression of Vmm was regulated at the transcriptional level by dinucleotide insertions or deletions in a repetitive region of the promoter spacer. Vmm-like genes were also found in four closely related mycoplasmas, Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum, M. capricolum subsp . capripneumoniae, Mycoplasma sp. bovine serogroup 7, and Mycoplasma putrefaciens. However, Vmm could not be detected in whole-cell lysates of these species, suggesting that the proteins encoded by the vmm-like genes lack the binding epitope for the monoclonal antibody used in this study or, alternatively, that the Vmm-like proteins were not expressed.
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2

Bischof, Daniela F., Carole Janis, Edy M. Vilei, Giuseppe Bertoni, and Joachim Frey. "Cytotoxicity of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides Small Colony Type to Bovine Epithelial Cells." Infection and Immunity 76, no. 1 (2007): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00938-07.

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ABSTRACT The cytotoxicities of various strains of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type (SC), the agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), were measured in vitro using embryonic calf nasal epithelial (ECaNEp) cells. Strains isolated from acute cases of CBPP induced high cytotoxicity in the presence of glycerol, concomitant with the release of large amounts of toxic H2O2 that were found to be translocated into the cytoplasms of the host cells by close contact of the Mycoplasma strains with the host cells. Currently used vaccine strains also showed high cytotoxicity and high H2O2 release, indicating that they are attenuated in another virulence attribute. Strains isolated from recent European outbreaks of CBPP with mild clinical signs, which are characterized by a defect in the glycerol uptake system, released small amounts of H2O2 and showed low cytotoxicity to ECaNEp cells. M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC strain PG1 released large amounts of H2O2 but was only slightly cytotoxic. PG1 was found to have a reduced capacity to bind to ECaNEp cells and was unable to translocate H2O2 into the bovine cells, in contrast to virulent strains that release large amounts of H2O2. Thus, an efficient translocation of H2O2 into host cells is a prerequisite for the cytotoxic effect and requires an intact adhesion mechanism to ensure a close contact between mycoplasmas and host cells.
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Janis, Carole, Carole Lartigue, Joachim Frey, et al. "Versatile Use of oriC Plasmids for Functional Genomics of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 6 (2005): 2888–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.6.2888-2893.2005.

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ABSTRACT Replicative oriC plasmids were recently developed for several mollicutes, including three Mycoplasma species belonging to the mycoides cluster that are responsible for bovine and caprine diseases: Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small-colony type, Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides large-colony type, and Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum. In this study, oriC plasmids were evaluated in M. capricolum subsp. capricolum as genetic tools for (i) expression of heterologous proteins and (ii) gene inactivation by homologous recombination. The reporter gene lacZ, encoding β-galactosidase, and the gene encoding spiralin, an abundant surface lipoprotein of the related mollicute Spiroplasma citri, were successfully expressed. Functional Escherichia coli β-galactosidase was detected in transformed Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum cells despite noticeable codon usage differences. The expression of spiralin in M. capricolum subsp. capricolum was assessed by colony and Western blotting. Accessibility of this protein at the cell surface and its partition into the Triton X-114 detergent phase suggest a correct maturation of the spiralin precursor. The expression of a heterologous lipoprotein in a mycoplasma raises potentially interesting applications, e.g., the use of these bacteria as live vaccines. Targeted inactivation of gene lppA encoding lipoprotein A was achieved in M. capricolum subsp. capricolum with plasmids harboring a replication origin derived from S. citri. Our results suggest that the selection of the infrequent events of homologous recombination could be enhanced by the use of oriC plasmids derived from related mollicute species. Mycoplasma gene inactivation opens the way to functional genomics in a group of bacteria for which a large wealth of genome data are already available and steadily growing.
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Ayling, R. D., S. Bisgaard-Frantzen, J. B. March, K. Godinho, and R. A. J. Nicholas. "Assessing the In Vitro Effectiveness of Antimicrobials against Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides Small-Colony Type To Reduce Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia Infection." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 49, no. 12 (2005): 5162–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.49.12.5162-5165.2005.

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ABSTRACT In vitro minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined for 21 antimicrobials against 41 isolates of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small-colony type, the cause of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. Of the antimicrobials used most widely in Africa, oxytetracycline and tilmicosin were effective, while the isolates were resistant to tylosin. These results provide a baseline for monitoring antimicrobial resistance.
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Vilei, Edy M., Jacques Nicolet, and Joachim Frey. "IS1634, a Novel Insertion Element Creating Long, Variable-Length Direct Repeats Which Is Specific for Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides Small-Colony Type." Journal of Bacteriology 181, no. 4 (1999): 1319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.181.4.1319-1323.1999.

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ABSTRACT A new insertion sequence, IS1634, has been identified in Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoidessmall-colony type (SC). IS1634 shows structural and functional similarities to IS1549 of Mycobacterium smegmatis and with it seems to form a new class or family of insertion sequences. IS1634 has a size of 1,872 bp, including two 13-bp terminal inverted repeats. It contains an open reading frame (ORF) encoding a product of 533 amino acids which shows similarity to the transposase of IS1549 and to a lesser extent to the transposases of IS elements of the IS4family. IS1634 is present at about 30 copies in the genome of all 22 different field strains of M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC tested. Characteristic of IS1634 are the long and variable-length direct repeats at the sites of insertion which were found to reach up to about 500 bp. IS1634 is specific to M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC and is not present in any of the other members of the M. mycoidescluster. Neither was it found in other closely relatedMycoplasma species of ruminants.
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Nascimento, Elmiro R., Al J. DaMassa, Richard Yamamoto, and M. Graça F. Nascimento. "Plasmids in Mycoplasma species isolated from goats and sheep and their preliminary typing." Revista de Microbiologia 30, no. 1 (1999): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37141999000100006.

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One-hundred-five (105) clinical isolates of mycoplasma from caprine origin and one isolate from ovine were surveyed for plasmids, which were present in thirty-three (31%) of them. These mycoplasmas originated from 13 herds. Ten of them were symptomatic for mycoplasmal disease (mastitis, polyarthritis, septicemia) and three herds were asymptomatic, i.e., clinically normal. Twenty-eight isolates were Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides LC (large colony or caprine biotype), four were Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum and one was Mycoplasma cottewii. The isolated plasmids were linearized by EcoRI, EcoRV, EcoRI and EcoRV or BamHI and EcoRV, and were of five sizes (1.1, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, and 1.9 Kbp). Based on restriction enzyme digestion and size of the linearized supercoiled extrachromosomal DNA, five plasmid types were recovered (p1II, p2III, p2V, p3I, and p4IV). The small size of these DNA elements probably exclude replicative forms of DNA virus, which are equal or larger than 8.0 Kbp.
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Bischof, Daniela F., Edy M. Vilei, and Joachim Frey. "Genomic differences between type strain PG1 and field strains of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small-colony type." Genomics 88, no. 5 (2006): 633–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygeno.2006.06.018.

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Abdo, El-Mostafa, Jacques Nicolet, Raymond Miserez, et al. "Humoral and bronchial immune responses in cattle experimentally infected with Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type." Veterinary Microbiology 59, no. 2-3 (1998): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1135(97)00184-3.

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Kusiluka, L. J. M., W. D. Semuguruka, R. R. Kazwala, B. Ojeniy, and N. F. Friis. "Demonstration of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae and Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides, Small Colony type in Outbreaks of Caprine Pleuropneumonia in Eastern Tanzania." Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 41, no. 3 (2000): 311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/bf03549639.

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Cheng, X., J. Nicolet, R. Miserez, et al. "Characterization of the gene for an immunodominant 72 kDa lipoprotein of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type." Microbiology 142, no. 12 (1996): 3515–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/13500872-142-12-3515.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type"

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Hamsten, Carl. "Protein based approaches to understand and prevent contagious bovine pleuropneumonia." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Proteomik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11108.

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Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a severe infectious disease caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type (M. mycoides SC) and is a vast problem in Africa. Current CBPP prevention is based on attenuated live strain vaccines, but these are limited by factors such as short-term immunity, cold-chain dependence and retained virulence. CBPP can be diagnosed using post-mortem examination, identification of the agent using culture and PCR based methods as well as serological diagnostic methods, but the latter are generally not sensitive enough and there is also demand for an inexpensive, pen side field test.The research presented in this thesis was focused on using recombinantly expressed surface proteins from M. mycoides SC to characterize humoral immune responses to CBPP. Thereby candidate proteins to be used in development of serological diagnostic methods and possibly subunit vaccines could be identified. As a first step, five putative variable surface proteins of M. mycoides SC were expressed and purified from E. coli in Paper I. These proteins were analyzed using immunoblotting techniques and results showed that one protein, MSC_0364, was variably expressed on the surface of M. mycoides SC in vitro. Paper II presents expanded efforts including cloning and expression of 64 recombinant surface proteins and an assay for high throughput analysis of protein-specific IgG, IgA and IgM titers in hundreds of sera using a bead-based screening assay. The assay was evaluated by protein-specific inhibition experiments, comparisons to Western blotting and monitoring of immune responses over time in a study with sera taken from eight animals over 293 days from a previous vaccine trial.Papers III and IV present applications using the recombinant proteins and bead-based screening assay wherein proteins for diagnostic and vaccine development were identified. In Paper III, the assay was used to screen 61 proteins using well-characterized serum samples from cattle with CBPP and healthy controls, resulting in selection of eight proteins suitable for diagnostic use. These proteins were combined and evaluated in a proof-of-concept ELISA with a discriminative power that enabled 96% correct classification of sera from CBPP-affected and CBPP-free bovines. Paper IV reports the results and protein-specific analyses of a vaccine trial using the recombinant putative variable surface proteins presented in Paper I as a subunit vaccine. The vaccine conferred no protection, but a weak vaccine response could not be excluded as the cause of failure. In an effort to identity other protein candidates to be used in a subunit vaccine, protein-specific analysis of humoral immune responses elicited by the currently approved live strain vaccine, T1/44, were investigated. Here, five proteins with high IgG titers associated to immunity were identified: LppQ, MSC_02714, MSC_0136, MSC_0079 and MSC_0431. These proteins may be important in the development of a novel subunit vaccine against CBPP.<br>QC 20100719
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Monnerat, Laurent. "Clonage et séquençage des éléments similaires à IS1269 chez Mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides LC (large colony type) et chez Mycoplasma sp sérogroupe bovin 7 /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1995. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.

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Janis, Carole. "Contribution à la lutte contre la Péripneumonie contagieuse bovine : typage moléculaire par MLVA et inactivation de gènes chez Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides Small Colony." Bordeaux 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR21340.

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Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. Mycoides Small Colony (MmmSC) est l'agent infectieux responsable de la péripneumonie contagieuse bovine (PPCB), une maladie causant des pertes majeures dans les élevages bovins. Alors que le risque de réemergence de cette maladie en Europe est une réalité, celle-ci reste à l'état endémique dans toute la région sub-saharienne de l'Afrique. La compréhension des modes de dissémination de la PPCB est essentielle pour contrôler la maladie. Les outils de typage, nécessaires au suivi des épidémies, sont pour l'instant insuffisants pour différencier précisément les souches de MmmSC, notamment celles d'origine européenne. Nous avons développé une méthode de typage moléculaire basée sur l'étude de minisatellites polymorphes (MLVA ou Multilocus VNTR Analysis). Trois minisatellites sélectionnés ont permis de répartir un échantiillonnage de 32 souches en 17 groupes. Les 14 souches européennes testées sont réparties en 5 groupes, ce qui représente une amélioration de la sensibilité par rapport aux techniques existantes. La prophylaxie en Afrique repose principalement sur l'utilisation de souches vaccinales atténuées par passages ex vivo. Ces dernières n'apportent qu'une protection limitée dans le temps et induisent parfois des effets secondaires indésirables. En vue de produire de nouveaux vaccins par inactivation de facteurs de virulence, nous avons mis au point une méthode de mutagenèse par transposition. Des banques de données ont été obtenues et l'insertion du transposon dans les gènes d'intérêt a été démontrée. Un mutant n'exprimant plus la lipoprotéine majeure LppQ a été caractérisé. Enfin, une amélioration du transposon utilisé permet maintenant d'envisager la production de mutants n'hébergeant plus de gènes de résistance aux antibiotiques, ouvrant ainsi la voie à l'élaboration de souches vaccinales atténuées par génie génétique<br>Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. Small Colony ( MmmSC) is the etiologic agent of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumoniae (CPP), a disease causing important losses in cattle herds. The threat of a re-emergence of this disease is a reality in Europe and CBPP is still endemic in Africa. Understanding how CBPP spreads during an epidemic is essential to control this disease. However, typing tools are inefficient to discriminate precisely between the different strains of MmmSC, especially European strains. We developed a typing method based upon the study of polymorphic minisatellites (MLVA or MultiLocus VNTR Analysis). Three of the identified minisatellites permitted the distribution of the 32 studied strains into 17 groups, and of the 14 European strains into 5 groups. This latter result represents an improved sensitivity of MmmSC typing compared to existing methods. The CBPP prophylaxis in Africa is mainly based upon vaccination, using MmmSC, strains that were attenuated by several passages ex vivo. The protection they afford is too time-limited and induce sometimes severe post-vaccine reactions. To produce new and safer vaccines by inactivating MmmSC virulence determinants, we developed a transposon-based mutagenesis method. Mutant libraries were obtained and the transposon insertion into genes of interest was demonstrated. A mutant, defective in the lipoprotein LppQ, a major antigen, was isolated and characterized
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Naseem, Shamoon [Verfasser]. "Identification and molecular characterization of immunogenic antigens in Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type / vorgelegt von Shamoon Naseem." 2009. http://d-nb.info/996067949/34.

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