Journal articles: 'Mycoplasmataceae'

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Subramaniam, Akila, Ken B. Waites, Victoria C. Jauk, Joseph R. Biggio, Amelia L. M. Sutton, Jeff M. Szychowski, William W. Andrews, and Alan T. N. Tita. "Azithromycin-based Extended-Spectrum Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Cesarean: Role of Placental Colonization with Genital Ureaplasmas and Mycoplasmas." American Journal of Perinatology 36, no. 10 (November 30, 2018): 1002–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1675766.

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Objective To explore whether the effect of azithromycin (AZI) on postcesarean infections varied by the presence/absence of genital mycoplasmataceae placental colonization. Study Design This was a single-center substudy of multicenter double-blind C/SOAP (Cesarean Section Optimal Antibiotic Prophylaxis) trial of women randomized to AZI or placebo (+cefazolin) antibiotic prophylaxis at cesarean. Chorioamnion/placenta specimens were tested for genital mycoplasmataceae colonization by polymerase chain reaction. Primary outcome was a composite of endometritis, wound infection, or other infections up to 6 weeks postpartum. Analysis was intent-to-treat; logistic regression was used to evaluate interactions between treatment assignment (AZI/placebo) and the presence/absence of mycoplasmataceae and to quantify effects of AZI in analyses stratified by the presence/absence of these microorganisms. Results Specimens from 613 women (303 AZI and 310 placebo) were evaluated. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups, and approximately 1/3 (30.3%) had mycoplasmataceae placental/chorioamnion colonization. There was no evidence of effect modification (p interaction = 0.79) between treatment assignment and the presence/absence of organisms. Stratified analyses showed fewer events in the AZI group in the presence (odds ratio [OR]: 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.17–1.01) and absence (OR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.24–1) of mycoplasmataceae. Results were similar with endometritis/wound infections and with ureaplasmas/mycoplasmas considered separately. Conclusion The reduction in postcesarean infection with AZI does not vary based on the presence or absence of genital mycoplasmataceae placental colonization.

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Klein, Cameron, Kandali Samwel, Crispin Kahesa, Julius Mwaiselage, John T. West, Charles Wood, and Peter C. Angeletti. "Mycoplasma Co-Infection Is Associated with Cervical Cancer Risk." Cancers 12, no. 5 (April 28, 2020): 1093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12051093.

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Tanzania faces one of the highest cervical cancer burdens in the world. Recent work has suggested that the bacterial family Mycoplasmataceae is associated with higher levels of human papillomavirus (HPV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and pre-cancerous cervical lesions. Mycoplasmataceae infection in Tanzania is not well understood, especially when considering the differences between sexually transmitted species of Mycoplasmataceae. To establish the prevalence of common Mycoplasmataceae cervical infections and evaluate their relationship with risk factors for cervical cancer, 1160 Tanzanian women responded to an epidemiological questionnaire and were tested for HIV, HPV, cervical lesions, Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma spp., and Lactobacillus iners. A subset of 134 women were used for 16s metagenomic sequencing of cervical DNA to establish the relative abundance of Mycoplasmataceae and Lactobacillus present. PCR detection of bacteria at the cervix found Ureaplasma spp. in 51.4% of women, M. hominis in 34%, M. genitalium in 2.3%, and L. iners in 75.6%. M. hominis and M. genitalium infection were significantly more prevalent among women with HPV and HIV. M. hominis prevalence was similar despite severity of cervical lesions; however, abundance of M. hominis increased significantly in women with cervical lesions. These results emphasize the importance of understanding the relationship between M. hominis and HPV-related cervical pathogenesis.

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Kyndel, Anna, Caroline Elmér, Owe Källman, and Daniel Altman. "Mycoplasmataceae Colonizations in Women With Urethral Pain Syndrome." Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease 20, no. 3 (July 2016): 272–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/lgt.0000000000000216.

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Uilenberg, G. "Mycoplasma and Eperythrozoon (Mycoplasmataceae). Comments on a recent paper." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY 56, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63998-0.

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Катола, Виктор, and Viktor Katola. "MYCOPLASMAS: BIOLOGY, DISTRIBUTION AND ROLE IN PATHOLOGY." Bulletin physiology and pathology of respiration 1, no. 69 (October 5, 2018): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5b975abf813ab8.91657125.

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The general characteristics of the Mollicutes class of the family Mycoplasmataceae, the distribution and sources of mycoplasma infection, its clinical features and diagnostic methods are given. In scanning electron microscopy of blood plasma in patients with severe fibrous cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis in the phase of infiltration and seeding, elementary bodies of unidentified L-forms of bacteria and filamentous branching forms with various structures on the surface, presumably cells of mycoplasmas, were identified. All these formations together with mycobacterium tuberculosis form superinfection, which is the cause of the progression and outcome of the tuberculosis process.

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Bazzan, A. L. C., P. M. Engel, L. F. Schroeder, and S. C. da Silva. "Automated annotation of keywords for proteins related to mycoplasmataceae using machine learning techniques." Bioinformatics 18, Suppl 2 (October 1, 2002): S35—S43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/18.suppl_2.s35.

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Cocks, B. G., R. Youil, and L. R. Finch. "Comparison of Enzymes of Nucleotide Metabolism in Two Members of the Mycoplasmataceae Family." International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 38, no. 3 (July 1, 1988): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00207713-38-3-273.

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Domínguez-Maqueda, Marta, Isabel M. Cerezo, Silvana Teresa Tapia-Paniagua, Inés García De La Banda, Xabier Moreno-Ventas, Miguel Ángel Moriñigo, and Maria Carmen Balebona. "A Tentative Study of the Effects of Heat-Inactivation of the Probiotic Strain Shewanella putrefaciens Ppd11 on Senegalese Sole (Solea senegalensis) Intestinal Microbiota and Immune Response." Microorganisms 9, no. 4 (April 12, 2021): 808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040808.

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Concerns about safety, applicability and functionality associated with live probiotic cells have led to consideration of the use of non-viable microorganisms, known as paraprobiotics. The present study evaluated the effects of dietary administration of heat-inactivated cells of the probiotic strain Shewanella putrefaciens Ppd11 on the intestinal microbiota and immune gene transcription in Solea senegalensis. Results obtained were evaluated and compared to those described after feeding with viable Pdp11 cells. S. senegalensis specimens were fed with basal (control) diet or supplemented with live or heat inactivated (60 °C, 1 h) probiotics diets for 45 days. Growth improvement was observed in the group receiving live probiotics compared to the control group, but not after feeding with a probiotic heat-inactivated diet. Regarding immune gene transcription, no changes were observed for tnfα, il-6, lys-c1, c7, hsp70, and hsp90aa in the intestinal samples based on the diet. On the contrary, hsp90ab, gp96, cd4, cd8, il-1β, and c3 transcription were modulated after probiotic supplementation, though no differences between viable and heat-inactivated probiotic supplemented diets were observed. Modulation of intestinal microbiota showed remarkable differences based on the viability of the probiotics. Thus, higher diversity in fish fed with live probiotic cells, jointly with increased Mycoplasmataceae and Spirochaetaceae to the detriment of Brevinemataceae, was detected. However, microbiota of fish receiving heat-inactivated probiotic cells showed decreased Mycoplasmataceae and increased Brevinemataceae and Vibrio genus abundance. In short, the results obtained indicate that the viable state of Pdp11 probiotic cells affects growth performance and modulation of S. senegalensis intestinal microbiota. On the contrary, minor changes were detected in the intestinal immune response, being similar for fish receiving both, viable and inactivated probiotic cell supplemented diets, when compared to the control diet.

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Ilina, Larisa A., Valentina A. Filippova, Evgeni A. Brazhnik, Andrey V. Dubrovin, Elena A. Yildirim, Timur P. Dunyashev, Georgiy Y. Laptev, et al. "The Comparative Analysis of the Ruminal Bacterial Population in Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) from the Russian Arctic Zone: Regional and Seasonal Effects." Animals 11, no. 3 (March 22, 2021): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11030911.

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The reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) is a unique animal inhabitant of arctic regions. Low ambient temperatures and scant diets (primarily, lichens) have resulted in different evolutional adaptations, including the composition of the ruminal microbiota. In the study presented here, the effects of seasonal and regional aspects of the composition of the ruminal microbiota in reindeer (Nenets breed, 38 animals) were studied (wooded tundra from the Yamalo-Nenetski Autonomous District (YNAD) vs. from the Nenetski Autonomous District (NAD)). The ruminal content of calves (n = 12) and adult animals (n = 26, 15 males and 11 females) was sampled in the summer (n = 16) and winter seasons (n = 22). The composition of the ruminal microbial population was determined by the V3–V4 16S rRNA gene region sequencing. It was found that the population was dominated by Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla, followed by Spirochaetes and Verrucomicrobia. An analysis of the community using non-metric multidimensional scaling and Bray–Curtis similarity metrics provided evidence that the most influential factors affecting the composition of ruminal microbiota are the region (p = 0.001) and season (p = 0.001); heat map analysis revealed several communities that are strongly affected by these two factors. In the summer season, the following communities were significantly larger compared to in the winter season: Coriobactriaceae, Erysipelothrihaceae, and Mycoplasmataceae. The following communities were significantly larger in the winter season compared to in summer: Paraprevotellaceae, Butyrivibrio spp., Succiniclasticum spp., Coprococcus spp., Ruminococcus spp., and Pseudobutyrivibrio spp. In NAD (tundra), the following communities were significantly larger in comparison to YNAD (wooded tundra): Verrucomicrobia (Verruco-5), Anaerolinaceae, PeHg47 Planctomycetes, cellulolytic Lachnospiraceae, and Succiniclasticum spp. The following bacterial groups were significantly larger in YNAD in comparison to NAD: cellulolytic Ruminococaceae, Dehalobacteriaceae, Veillionelaceae, and Oscilospira spp. The significant differences in the ruminal microbial population were primarily related to the ingredients of diets, affected by region and season. The summer-related increases in the communities of certain pathogens (Mycoplasmataceae, Fusobacterium spp., Porphyromonas endodentalis) were found. Regional differences were primarily related to the ratio of the species involved in ruminal cellulose degradation and ruminal fatty acids metabolism; these differences reflect the regional dissimilarities in botanical diet ingredients.

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Sklyar, T., V. Gavryliuk, K. Lavrentievа, N. Kurahina, T. Lykholat, K. Zaichenko, M. Papiashvili, O. Lykholat, and D. Stepansky. "Monitoring of distribution of antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms in patients with dysbiosis of the urogenital tract." Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems 12, no. 2 (June 2, 2021): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/022128.

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Currently, the problem of the development of resistance to drugs among microorganisms that colonize the urogenital system is becoming especially relevant due to broadly distributed dysbiotic conditions of the reproductive system of men and women. Therefore, there should be constant monitoring of the qualitative and quantitative composition of microbiota of the urogential tract and determination of the levels of antibiotic-resistance of strains of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms in the reproductive system of various layers of the population. We monitored 774,375 people of various age and sex – patients of the independent diagnostic laboratory INVITRO in the city Dnipro in 2017–2019. Among the examined people, 640,783 of the patients were diagnosed with the development of dysbiotic disorders, accounting for 82.7% of the total amount of the applications for medical help. According to the results of identification of the range of dysbiotic conditions of the urogenital system of patients of different ages and sexes, we determined the dominating role of facultative anaerobes in the development of dysbiotic impairments caused by colonizations by large numbers of conditionally-pathogenic microorganisms: in women, Gardnerella accounted for 86.1%, Staphylococcus – 63.2%, Streptococcus – 54.1%, Candida – 69.3%; in men, Streptococcus were found in 83.0%, Staphylococcus – 79.4%, Corynebacterium – 54.2% and Candida – 37.6% of the cases. Share of obligate anaerobes was also quite large: women were diagnosed with Prevotella in 59.7%, Peptostreptococcus in 53.2%, Fusobacterium in 45.4% of the cases cases; men were observed to have Peptostreptococcus 62.4%, Clostridium in 54.3%, Bacteroides in 32.5% of the cases. We determined high parameters of frequency of diagnosing antibiotic-resistant isolates of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms that circulate in the urogenital tract of patients with dysbiotic impairments, belonging to the following families: Mycoplasmataceae – 78.6%, Enterobacteriaceae – 56.0% and genera – Staphylococcus – 76.1%, Gardnerella – 24.3%, Corynebacterium – 21.2%. The research revealed increase in the frequency of detection of strains of urapathogenic bacteria resistant to the applied antibiotic preparations in 2018–2019 compared with the data of 2017: increases of 10.3% and 6.4% in representatives of family Mycoplasmataceae resistant to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin respectively, 4.8% and 4.0% in Enterobacteriaceae resistant to chloramphenicol and ampicillin respectively, and 8.9% in the genus Staphylococcus resistant to vancomycin.

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Wang, B., J.-R. Wu, H.-J. Guo, H.-T. Yang, J. Ai, M. Hui, and C.-Y. Chan. "The prevalence of six species of Mycoplasmataceae in an HIV/AIDS population in Jiangsu Province, China." International Journal of STD & AIDS 23, no. 8 (August 2012): e7-e10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/ijsa.2009.009396.

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Pesapane, Risa, Andrea Chaves, Janet Foley, Nadia Javeed, Samantha Barnum, Katherine Greenwald, Erin Dodd, et al. "Nasopulmonary mites (Acari: Halarachnidae) as potential vectors of bacterial pathogens, including Streptococcus phocae, in marine mammals." PLOS ONE 17, no. 6 (June 16, 2022): e0270009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270009.

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Nasopulmonary mites (NPMs) of the family Halarachnidae are obligate endoparasites that colonize the respiratory tracts of mammals. NPMs damage surface epithelium resulting in mucosal irritation, respiratory illness, and secondary infection, yet the role of NPMs in facilitating pathogen invasion or dissemination between hosts remains unclear. Using 16S rRNA massively parallel amplicon sequencing of six hypervariable regions (or “16S profiling”), we characterized the bacterial community of NPMs from 4 southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis). This data was paired with detection of a priority pathogen, Streptococcus phocae, from NPMs infesting 16 southern sea otters and 9 California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) using nested conventional polymerase chain reaction (nPCR). The bacteriome of assessed NPMs was dominated by Mycoplasmataceae and Vibrionaceae, but at least 16 organisms with pathogenic potential were detected as well. Importantly, S. phocae was detected in 37% of NPM by nPCR and was also detected by 16S profiling. Detection of multiple organisms with pathogenic potential in or on NPMs suggests they may act as mechanical vectors of bacterial infection for marine mammals.

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Suwanruengsri, Mathurot, Ryoko Uemura, Takuya Kanda, Naoyuki Fuke, Phawut Nueangphuet, Apisit Pornthummawat, Masahiro Yasuda, Takuya Hirai, and Ryoji Yamaguchi. "Production of granulomas in Mycoplasma bovis infection associated with meningitis-meningoencephalitis, endocarditis, and pneumonia in cattle." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 34, no. 1 (November 22, 2021): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10406387211053254.

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Mycoplasma bovis, the most important primary pathogen in the family Mycoplasmataceae, causes pneumonia, arthritis, otitis media, and mastitis in cattle. Histopathologic pulmonary changes associated with M. bovis infection have been characterized as suppurative-to-caseonecrotic bronchopneumonia; infection in other organs has been reported in only a few studies that examined caseonecrotic endocarditis and suppurative meningitis. Granulomatous lesions associated with M. bovis infection have been reported only rarely. We studied the granulomatous inflammation associated with M. bovis infection in several organs of 21 Japanese Black cattle. M. bovis was detected by isolation and loop-mediated isothermal amplification methods; other bacteria were detected using culture on 5% blood sheep agar and a MALDI-TOF MS Biotyper. Tissues were examined by histopathology and by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using anti– M. bovis, anti-Iba1, anti-iNOS, and anti-CD204 antibodies. All 21 cases, which included 2 cases of meningitis-meningoencephalitis, 8 cases of endocarditis, and 11 cases of bronchopneumonia, had caseonecrotic granulomatous inflammation associated with M. bovis infection. The IHC for macrophages revealed a predominance of iNOS-labeled (M1) macrophages in the inner layer of the caseonecrotic granulomas associated with meningitis-meningoencephalitis, endocarditis, and bronchopneumonia in Japanese Black cattle naturally infected with M. bovis.

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Nguyen, Thuong T., Ayumi Miyake, Tu T. M. Tran, Takeshi Tsuruta, and Naoki Nishino. "The Relationship between Uterine, Fecal, Bedding, and Airborne Dust Microbiota from Dairy Cows and Their Environment: A Pilot Study." Animals 9, no. 12 (November 21, 2019): 1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9121007.

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The aim of this study was to characterize uterine, fecal, bedding, and airborne dust microbiota from postpartum dairy cows and their environment. The cows were managed by the free-stall housing system, and samples for microbiota and serum metabolite assessment were collected during summer and winter when the cows were at one and two months postpartum. Uterine microbiota varied between seasons; the five most prevalent taxa were Enterobacteriaceae, Moraxellaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Staphylococcaceae, and Lactobacillaceae during summer, and Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Bacteroidaceae, Moraxellaceae, and Clostridiaceae during winter. Although Actinomycetaceae and Mycoplasmataceae were detected at high abundance in several uterine samples, the relationship between the uterine microbiota and serum metabolite concentrations was unclear. The fecal microbiota was stable regardless of the season, whereas bedding and airborne dust microbiota varied between summer and winter. With regards to uterine, bedding, and airborne dust microbiota, Enterobacteriaceae, Moraxellaceae, Staphylococcaceae, and Lactobacillaceae were more abundant during summer, and Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Bacteroidaceae, and Clostridiaceae were more abundant during winter. Canonical analysis of principal coordinates confirmed the relationship between uterine and cowshed microbiota. These results indicated that the uterine microbiota may vary when the microbiota in cowshed environments changes.

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BAZZAN, ANA L. C., ROGÉRIO DUARTE, ABNER N. PITINGA, LUCIANA F. SCHROEDER, FARLON DE A. SOUTO, and SÉRGIO CERONI DA SILVA. "ATUCG — AN AGENT–BASED ENVIRONMENT FOR AUTOMATIC ANNOTATION OF GENOMES." International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 12, no. 02 (June 2003): 241–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843003000735.

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This work reports on the ATUCG environment (Agent-based environmenT for aUtomatiC annotation of Genomes). It consists of three layers, each having several agents in charge of performing repetitive and time-consuming tasks. Layer I aims at automating the tasks behind the process of finding ORFs (Open Reading Frames). Layer II (the core of our approach) is associated with three main tasks: extraction and formatting of data, automatic annotation of data regarding profiles or families of proteins, and generation and validation of rules to automatically annotate the Keywords field in the SWISS-PROT database. Layer III permits the user to check the correctness of the automatic annotation. This environment is being designed having the sequencing of the Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in mind. Thus examples are presented using data of organisms of the Mycoplasmataceae family. We have concentrated the developments in layer II because this is the most general one and because it focusses on machine learning algorithms, a characteristic which is not usual in annotation systems. Results regarding this layer show that with learning (individual or colaborative), agents are able to generate rules for annotation which achieve better results than those reported in the literature.

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Muzyka, N. M., O. V. Maiboroda, R. V. Echkenko, and O. M. Rula. "Bacteriological monitoring of poultry (chickens, turkeys) and compound feed for their diet in Ukraine." Veterinary Medicine: inter-departmental subject scientific collection, no. 109 (September 27, 2023): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.36016/vm-2023-109-12.

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The article presents the results of studies conducted during 2021 on the circulation of bacterial pathogens among poultry (chickens, turkeys) from industrial and private households in Ukraine, as well as the microbiological contamination of feed and components for their production. 138 isolates of bacterial cultures were isolated from chickens in poultry farms of various forms of ownership, and 12 cultures of microorganisms were isolated from turkeys of different ages in private households. The circulation of a wide range of microorganisms from the families Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcaceae, Enterococcaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Clostridiaceae, Mycoplasmataceae was established in poultry, in particular, three isolates of the causative agent of toxic infections – Salmonella Enteritidis were isolated. 31.4% (16 samples out of 51 tested) of compound feed and their components did not comply with the quality and safety criteria. The main bacterial contaminants of the feed were conditionally pathogenic microorganisms of the Enterobacteriaceae, Bacillaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Enterococcaceae and Staphylococcaceae families. In addition, a culture of Salmonella spp. was isolated from one feed sample. In the future our researches may be directed to the role of the natural reservoir of pathogens (especially poultry and wild birds) in the formation of antibiotic resistant forms of bacteria

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Gaspari, Valeria, Camilla Ceccarani, Marco Severgnini, Gionathan Orioni, Tania Camboni, Luca Laghi, Sara Morselli, et al. "First-Void Urine Microbiome in Women with Chlamydia trachomatis Infection." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 10 (May 17, 2022): 5625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105625.

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Background: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the agent of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Until now, little information is available about the microbial composition of urine samples during CT urethritis. Therefore, in this study, we characterized the microbiome and metabolome profiles of first-void urines in a cohort of women with CT urethral infection attending an STI clinic. Methods: Based on CT positivity by nucleic acid amplification techniques on urine samples, the enrolled women were divided into two groups, i.e., “CT-negative” (n = 21) and “CT-positive” (n = 11). Urine samples were employed for (i) the microbiome profile analysis by means of 16s rRNA gene sequencing and (ii) the metabolome analysis by 1H-NMR. Results: Irrespective of CT infection, the microbiome of first-void urines was mainly dominated by Lactobacillus, L. iners and L. crispatus being the most represented species. CT-positive samples were characterized by reduced microbial biodiversity compared to the controls. Moreover, a significant reduction of the Mycoplasmataceae family—in particular, of the Ureaplasma parvum species—was observed during CT infection. The Chlamydia genus was positively correlated with urine hippurate and lactulose. Conclusions: These data can help elucidate the pathogenesis of chlamydial urogenital infections, as well as to set up innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

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Hines, Ian S., Justin Markov Madanick, Stephen A. Smith, David D. Kuhn, and Ann M. Stevens. "Analysis of the core bacterial community associated with consumer-ready Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica)." PLOS ONE 18, no. 2 (February 22, 2023): e0281747. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281747.

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Shellfish, such as the Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica), are an important agricultural commodity. Previous research has demonstrated the importance of the native microbiome of oysters against exogenous challenges by non-native pathogens. However, the taxonomic makeup of the oyster microbiome and the impact of environmental factors on it are understudied. Research was conducted quarterly over a calendar year (February 2020 through February 2021) to analyze the taxonomic diversity of bacteria present within the microbiome of consumer-ready-to-eat live Eastern oysters. It was hypothesized that a core group of bacterial species would be present in the microbiome regardless of external factors such as the water temperature at the time of harvest or post-harvesting processing. At each time point, 18 Chesapeake Bay (eastern United States) watershed aquacultured oysters were acquired from a local grocery store, genomic DNA was extracted from the homogenized whole oyster tissues, and the bacterial 16S rRNA gene hypervariable V4 region was PCR-amplified using barcoded primers prior to sequencing via Illumina MiSeq and bioinformatic analysis of the data. A core group of bacteria were identified to be consistently associated with the Eastern oyster, including members of the phyla Firmicutes and Spirochaetota, represented by the families Mycoplasmataceae and Spirochaetaceae, respectively. The phyla Cyanobacterota and Campliobacterota became more predominant in relation to warmer or colder water column temperature, respectively, at the time of oyster harvest.

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Goudarzi, Gholamreza, Majid Tavakoli, Behrouz Ezatpour, Habibollah Kooshki, and Asadollah Hosseini-Chegeni. "Molecular detection of Theileria ovis (Apicomplexa: Theileriidae), Anaplasma ovis (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae), and Mycoplasma sp. (Tenericutes: Mycoplasmataceae) from sheep blood in western Iran." Comparative Clinical Pathology 28, no. 6 (June 13, 2019): 1661–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00580-019-02995-y.

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Casagrande, Renata A., Luiza A. Castro, Veronica M. Rolim, Flademir Wouters, Fabiana M. Boabaid, Suyene O. Souza, Priscila R. Guerra, Sérgio C. Silva, and David Driemeier. "Diagnóstico imuno-histoquímico e caracterização anatomopatológica de Mycoplasma gallisepticum em galinhas de subsistência." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34, no. 2 (February 2014): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2014000200010.

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A micoplasmose aviária é causada por bactérias da família Mycoplasmataceae. Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) é a espécie mais patogênica e que tem a maior importância econômica para a produção avícola. Este estudo teve por objetivo utilizar a técnica de imuno-histoquímica (IHQ) como método de diagnóstico da infecção por MG em aves. No presente relato são descritos dois surtos de micoplasmose por MG em galinhas de subsistência. Clinicamente as aves apresentaram prostração, hiporexia, dificuldade respiratória, secreção nasal e ocular. Na necropsia foram observados secreção serosa, edema e deposição de cáseo em conjuntiva (7/10) e seios nasais (4/10), sacos aéreos espessados com espuma e cáseo (6/10); traqueia difusamente avermelhada (4/10); pulmões com pontos esbranquiçados de 0,5cm (2/10); e saco pericárdico com deposição de fibrina (2/10). No exame histopatológico foram evidenciados traqueíte (10/10), sinusite (5/5) e conjuntivite (3/4) hiperplásica linfoplasmocitária aguda; broncopneumonia fibrinonecrótica (5/10); pericardite fibrinosa aguda (2/10); e aerossaculite fibrinonecrótica (1/1). No exame de IHQ anti-MG foi evidenciada marcação na superfície extracelular dos cílios e/ou topo do epitélio da traqueia (10/10), brônquios (5/10) e seios nasais (4/5). Em sete dos dez casos analisados foi detectada a presença de MG por PCR em tempo real realizado a partir de amostras de suabe traqueal. A técnica de IHQ anti-MG utilizada como método de diagnóstico apresentou boa concordância com os sinais clínicos, as lesões histopatológicas e os resultados de PCR em tempo real.

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Taubeneck. "E. Klieneberger-Nobel, Pleuropneumonia-like Organisms (PPLO) Mycoplasmataceae. V + 157 S., 40 Abb., 7 Tab., London und New York 1962, Academic Press. Sh 40." Zeitschrift für allgemeine Mikrobiologie 3, no. 3 (January 24, 2007): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jobm.19630030313.

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BIDJEH Kebkiba. "Epidemiology and risk factors of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in the Republic of Chad." International Journal of Life Science Research Archive 2, no. 2 (May 30, 2022): 047–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2022.2.2.0032.

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Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia is a bacterial infection of goats. It is caused by a bacterium belonging to the Mycoplasmataceae family and the Mycoplasma genus. Causative agent of the disease is Mycplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp). This disease causes significant economic losses in Asia and Africa. Because of the very high morbidity and mortality and its socio-economic impact, contagious caprine pleuropneumonia is on the OIE list of notifiable diseases. This disease affects mainly goats and occasionally sheep, but also wild ruminants. Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia is characterized by cough, dyspnoea and very high mortality and morbidity, fibrinous pleuropneumonia, unilateral lung hepatization and accumulation of pleural fluid in the thoracic cavity. Animals are infected by inhalation of dropes expelled by sick animals. Direct contact is essential for infection to occur. The porosity of borders shared with other countries and the lack of financial resources allocated to the national animal disease surveillance system make it difficult to control cross-border livestock movements. This exposes the national herd to various infectious diseases, including contagious caprine pleuropneumonia. Cross-border movements linked to the international trade in animals, to transhumance, as well as to insecurity due to existing hotbeds of tension in African countries, lead to massive movements of herders and animals in search of pastures and water. All of this constitutes risk factors for the introduction and spread of viral and bacterial infections in the countries. The objective of this manuscript is to summarize the epidemiology and risk factors of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in Chad based on bibliographical data.

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Legrand, Thibault P. R. A., James W. Wynne, Laura S. Weyrich, and Andrew P. A. Oxley. "Investigating Both Mucosal Immunity and Microbiota in Response to Gut Enteritis in Yellowtail Kingfish." Microorganisms 8, no. 9 (August 20, 2020): 1267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091267.

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The mucosal surfaces of fish play numerous roles including, but not limited to, protection against pathogens, nutrient digestion and absorption, excretion of nitrogenous wastes and osmotic regulation. During infection or disease, these surfaces act as the first line of defense, where the mucosal immune system interacts closely with the associated microbiota to maintain homeostasis. This study evaluated microbial changes across the gut and skin mucosal surfaces in yellowtail kingfish displaying signs of gut inflammation, as well as explored the host gene expression in these tissues in order to improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the emergence of these conditions. For this, we obtained and analyzed 16S rDNA and transcriptomic (RNA-Seq) sequence data from the gut and skin mucosa of fish exhibiting different health states (i.e., healthy fish and fish at the early and late stages of enteritis). Both the gut and skin microbiota were perturbed by the disease. More specifically, the gastrointestinal microbiota of diseased fish was dominated by an uncultured Mycoplasmataceae sp., and fish at the early stage of the disease showed a significant loss of diversity in the skin. Using transcriptomics, we found that only a few genes were significantly differentially expressed in the gut. In contrast, gene expression in the skin differed widely between health states, in particular in the fish at the late stage of the disease. These changes were associated with several metabolic pathways that were differentially expressed and reflected a weakened host. Altogether, this study highlights the sensitivity of the skin mucosal surface in response to gut inflammation.

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Moi, Harald, Nils Reinton, Ivana Randjelovic, Elina J. Reponen, Line Syvertsen, and Amir Moghaddam. "Urethral inflammatory response to ureaplasma is significantly lower than to Mycoplasma genitalium and Chlamydia trachomatis." International Journal of STD & AIDS 28, no. 8 (August 24, 2016): 773–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462416666482.

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A non-syndromic approach to treatment of people with non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) requires identification of pathogens and understanding of the role of those pathogens in causing disease. The most commonly detected and isolated micro-organisms in the male urethral tract are bacteria belonging to the family of Mycoplasmataceae, in particular Ureaplasma urealyticum and Ureaplasma parvum. To better understand the role of these Ureaplasma species in NGU, we have performed a prospective analysis of male patients voluntarily attending a drop in STI clinic in Oslo. Of 362 male patients who were tested for NGU using microscopy of urethral smears, we found the following sexually transmissible micro-organisms: 16% Chlamydia trachomatis, 5% Mycoplasma genitalium, 14% U. urealyticum, 14% U. parvum and 5% Mycoplasma hominis. We found a high concordance in detecting in turn U. urealyticum and U. parvum using 16s rRNA gene and ureD gene as targets for nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT). Whilst there was a strong association between microscopic signs of NGU and C. trachomatis infection, association of M. genitalium and U. urealyticum infections in turn were found only in patients with severe NGU (>30 polymorphonuclear leucocytes, PMNL/high powered fields, HPF). U. parvum was found to colonise a high percentage of patients with no or mild signs of NGU (0–9 PMNL/HPF). We conclude that urethral inflammatory response to ureaplasmas is less severe than to C. trachomatis and M. genitalium in most patients and that testing and treatment of ureaplasma-positive patients should only be considered when other STIs have been ruled out.

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Pereira de Lima, Marcos Antonio, Ingra Bezerra de Melo Gonçalves, Raimundo Diego Ferreira Amorim, and João Vitor Cândido Pimentel. "Atypical pathogens in urinary tract infections: a systematic review." Journal of Microbiology & Experimentation 10, no. 2 (April 29, 2022): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2022.10.00356.

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Urinary tract infection [UTI] accounts for a significant portion of the worldwide infections, whose cause occurs predominantly through Gram-negative bacilli, followed by Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. However, a number of cases by atypical pathogens are increasing. Thus, a systematic review was carried out on UTIs caused by atypical/emerging agents, covering etiological, epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects. The search conducted via PubMed database and 59 articles composed the final sample. The laboratory approaches reported have included uroculture with special media; molecular methods such as PCR, real-time PCR, and nucleic acid sequencing; and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Pathogens found among bacteria, including Gram-negative bacilli, Gram-positive cocci, diphtheroids, Mycoplasmataceae members, actinomycetes, and Gram-variable coccobacilli; yeasts, molds and microsporidia; virus, including BK polyomavirus, HPV, CMV and HSV-2; and a protozoan, Trichomonas vaginalis. The risk factors appear to be associated with patients' intrinsic features, such as advanced age, female gender, chronic diseases, prostatic hyperplasia, immunocompromised, genitourinary tract alteration; or risky situations as long-term urinary catheter usage, urinary tract manipulation, cancer chemotherapy, alcoholism, prolonged use of antibiotics and risky sexual behavior. The difficulty in identifying these agents was also evident, due to their peculiar characteristics or the unavailability of more sophisticated methods in the laboratorial routines, which implicates in the clinical management. Therefore, it is important that the medical and the microbiology teams are aware of the possibility of these agents in order to assess the need for further testing. The importance of antimicrobial susceptibility tests is also emphasized because of these organisms’ different profiles.

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Mate, Laura, Luis Ignacio Alvarez, Mercedes Lloberas, Fernanda Imperiale, Carlos Edmundo Lanusse, and Juan Pedro Liron. "Interaction between bacterial microbiota and nematode parasite communities in sheep’s gastrointestinal tract." PLOS ONE 19, no. 6 (June 27, 2024): e0306390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306390.

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The economic impact of gastrointestinal (GI) nematode infections on livestock production is well documented worldwide. Increasing evidence supports the hypothesis that parasite colonization induces significant changes in the GI tract environment and, therefore, in the landscape where the microbiota and parasites occur. Understanding the interactions between bacterial and parasite populations in the digestive tract of livestock may be useful to design parasite control strategies based on microbiota modification. The aims of this work were to investigate the impact of the oxytetracycline-mediated manipulation of the gut microbial community on the composition of GI nematode populations in naturally infected sheep and to explore changes in the GI microbial communities after nematode population treatment with the anthelmintic compound monepantel. Extensive manipulation of the GI microbiota with a therapeutic dose of the long-acting oxytetracycline formulation did not induce significant changes in the GI nematode burden. The gut microbiota of treated animals returned to control levels 17 days after treatment, suggesting strong resilience of the sheep microbial community to antibiotic-mediated microbiota perturbation. A significant decrease of the bacterial Mycoplasmataceae family (Log2FC = -4, Padj = 0.001) and a marked increase of the Methanobacteriaceae family (Log2FC = 2.9, Padj = 0.018) were observed in the abomasum of sheep receiving the monepantel treatment. While a comprehensive evaluation of the interactions among GI mycoplasma, methanobacteria and nematode populations deserves further assessment, the bacteria-nematode population interactions should be included in future control programs in livestock production. Understanding how bacteria and parasites may influence each other in the GI tract environment may substantially contribute to the knowledge of the role of microbiota composition in nematode parasite establishment and the role of the parasites in the microbiota composition.

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Busharova, Julia V., Roman M. Vasilev, Svetlana V. Vasileva, Vyacheslav A. Trushkin, Anastasia A. Nikitina, Nataliya Panova, Viktoriya N. Gaponova, and Polina A. Polistovskaia. "PSX-B-22 Humoral factors of protection of the vaginal mucosa in healthy cows and with mycoplasmosis." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (October 8, 2021): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.500.

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Abstract Maintaining reproductive health is an urgent task in intensive livestock farming. The study of the influence of pathogens of the Mycoplasmataceae family on the microecology and protective properties of the vagina is of particular interest. The studies were carried out on non-pregnant cows 3–4 years old. Was formed 2 groups of 8 animals each. The first group is healthy cows in which the PCR test for Mycoplasma spp. was negative. The second group - cows with a positive PCR test and serological identification of M. bovigenitalium, without pronounced clinical signs of vaginitis. In both groups of animals, vaginal secretions were collected from the vaginal wall using a special spoon. In secret, by the method of radial immunodiffusion in a gel according to Mancini, the content of immunoglobulins of classes Ig G, Ig M, Ig A and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) was determined, as well as the activity of lysozyme - by the nephelometric method. The study showed that the content of Ig G and the total content of immunoglobulins in the vaginal secretion in healthy cows and cows with mycoplasmosis did not have significant differences. The concentration of Ig A in cows with mycoplasmosis was 0.018±0.001 g/l, which was 25% less than in healthy cows, but it turned out to be insignificant (P > 0.05). The content of Ig M and sIgA in secretion in healthy cows was 0.039±0.002 and 0.067±0.005 g/l, while in cows with mycoplasmosis it significantly increased by 38.5 and 43%, respectively. The activity of lysozyme in the secretion of healthy cows was 11.71±0.41%, while in infected cows it decreased by 2 times. With genital mycoplasmosis in cows, a quantitative redistribution of immunoglobulin classes and a decrease in lysozyme activity are observed in the vaginal secretion.

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Hall, Jean A., Anitha Isaiah, Gerd Bobe, Charles T. Estill, Janell K. Bishop-Stewart, T. Zane Davis, Jan S. Suchodolski, and Gene J. Pirelli. "Feeding selenium-biofortified alfalfa hay during the preconditioning period improves growth, carcass weight, and nasal microbial diversity of beef calves." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): e0242771. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242771.

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We previously reported that feeding Se-biofortified alfalfa hay to weaned beef calves in a preconditioning program decreases morbidity and mortality during the feedlot period. To understand the mode of action by which supranutritional Se supplementation supports calf health, we examined the effect of agronomic Se-biofortification on nasal microbiome and fecal parasites. Recently weaned Angus-cross beef calves (n = 30) were randomly assigned to two groups and fed an alfalfa hay-based diet for 9 weeks in a preconditioning program. Alfalfa hay was harvested from fields fertilized with sodium selenate at a rate of 0 or 90 g Se/ha. Calculated Se intake from dietary sources was 1.09 and 27.45 mg Se/calf per day for calves consuming alfalfa hay with Se concentrations of 0.06 and 3.47 mg Se/kg dry matter, respectively. Feeding Se-biofortified alfalfa hay for 9 weeks was effective at increasing whole-blood Se concentrations (556 ± 11 vs 140 ± 11 ng/mL; P < 0.001) and increasing body weight (PTreatment, = 0.03) in weaned beef calves. Slaughter yield grades were higher for calves that had been fed Se-enriched alfalfa hay during the preconditioning period (PTreatment = 0.008). No significant differences were observed in fecal parasite load, which remained low. The nasal microbiome and microbiota diversity within calves and across calves expanded from weaning (week 0) to the feedlot period (week 12), which was promoted by feeding Se-biofortified alfalfa hay. Especially concerning was the expansion of nasal Mycoplasmataceae in the feedlot, which reached over 50% of the total microbiota in some calves. In conclusion, we identified dietary Se-biofortified alfalfa hay as a potential promoter of nasal microbiome genome and microbiota diversity, which may explain in part high-Se benefits for prevention of bovine respiratory disease complex in beef calves.

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Omontese, Bobwealth O., Ashok K. Sharma, Jason Langlie, Joe Armstrong, Alfredo DiCostanzo, Megan J. Webb, and Andres Gomez. "PSVI-22 Rumen microbiome of beef cattle is modulated by backgrounding systems." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_3 (November 2, 2020): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa054.383.

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Abstract Backgrounding (BKG) segment in beef production systems is characterized by utilization of different forages which affect growth performance and carcass characteristics. However, it is unclear how BKG systems impact rumen microbiome. We investigated rumen microbiome dynamics of beef calves under different BKG systems. At weaning, Angus and Angus x Simmental beef calves (n = 38) were stratified by age, weight, and sex in a completely randomized design into 1 of 3 BKG treatments for 55 d: 1) perennial pasture (PP; quackgrass, orchardgrass; smooth bromegrass, red clover, and alfalfa); 2) summer annual cover crop (CC; cereal oats, purple top turnips, hunter forage brassica, and graza forage radish); and 3) dry lot (DL; haylage, corn, and DDGS). After BKG, all calves were assigned to a high energy ration in a feedlot. Rumen sample was collected via esophageal tubing at weaning, BKG and feedlot. A total of 190 rumen fluid samples were used to sequence the hypervariable V4 region of the 16S rRNA bacterial gene on an Illumina MiSeq platform. The results showed that BKG systems largely influenced rumen bacterial communities. Specifically, microbiome composition and diversity were not different at weaning, diverged significantly during BKG (Shannon index, Bray Curtis distance metrics; P < 0.001) and homogenized during feedlot. During the BKG segment, the bacterial genera Agrobacterium, Coprococcus, and Ruminococcus were dominant in CC whereas Fibrobacteraceae and Mycoplasmataceae was most dominant in DL. Moreover, rumen microbiome patterns of CC and DL calves showed increased plasticity in early stages of development but not during feedlot with PP showing fewer changes over time. These results indicate that BKG systems significantly modulate the rumen microbiome of beef cattle and, underscore the importance of early developmental stages as potential targets for feeding interventions that can impact the animal microbiome to enhance animal performance.

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McAtee, Taylor, Sherri Powledge, Lee Pinnell, Paul Morley, and John T. Richeson. "PSIII-10 Modified-Live Virus Respiratory Vaccines and Bovine Respiratory Disease Influence the Respiratory Microbiome of Cattle." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_3 (September 21, 2022): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac247.435.

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Abstract Modified-live virus (MLV) respiratory vaccines are commonly administered to beef cattle upon arrival in feedlots to prevent bovine respiratory disease (BRD) but their impact on respiratory microbial communities is unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of intranasal and parenteral MLV vaccination and health status on the respiratory microbiome of feedlot cattle with a high-risk of BRD. Crossbred beef calves were blocked by truckload and stratified by arrival body weight, sex, and ranch tag status. Cattle were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups: no vaccination, intranasal MLV, or parenteral MLV. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected on d 0 and 28, and upon treatment for BRD. A subset of these samples (n=600) was selected from an equal number of healthy and morbid cattle among vaccine treatment groups. Additionally, all chronically ill cattle and mortalities were selected for sequencing. After DNA extraction, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to characterize the microbiome of the upper respiratory tract. The overall composition of respiratory tract microbial communities in all treatment groups was similar to previously described respiratory communities. Members of the families Pasteurellaceae and Mycoplasmataceae , which include common respiratory pathogens (Mannheimia, Pasteurella, Histophilus, Mycoplasma), were prevalent in all communities. However, the proportions of these important taxa differed between cattle that developed BRD and cattle that remained healthy. Morbid cattle had lower (P< 0.05) phylum members Proteobacteria and higher (P< 0.05) Tenericutes than cattle that remained healthy. Cattle that received an intranasal vaccine had a higher (P< 0.05) abundance of Proteobacteria and lower (P< 0.05) abundance of Tenericutes compared to both control and parenteral cattle. Results indicate that intranasal vaccination had a significant impact on respiratory microbial communities, while parenteral vaccination did not. These results add to our understanding of the impacts of MLV vaccination on the health and productivity of feedlot cattle.

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Gupta, Radhey S., Jeen Son, and Aharon Oren. "A phylogenomic and molecular markers based taxonomic framework for members of the order Entomoplasmatales: proposal for an emended order Mycoplasmatales containing the family Spiroplasmataceae and emended family Mycoplasmataceae comprised of six genera." Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 112, no. 4 (November 3, 2018): 561–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10482-018-1188-4.

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Zheng, Yao, Haojun Zhu, Quanjie Li, and Gangchun Xu. "The Effects of Different Feeding Regimes on Body Composition, Gut Microbial Population, and Susceptibility to Pathogenic Infection in Largemouth Bass." Microorganisms 11, no. 5 (May 22, 2023): 1356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051356.

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This study investigated the effects of dietary commercial feed (n = 50,025 in triplicate, named group PF for soil dike pond, sampling n = 7; n = 15,000 in triplicate, WF for water tank, n = 8), iced fish (n = 50,025 in triplicate, PI, n = 7), and a combination of both (n = 50,025 in triplicate, PFI, n = 8) on different metabolic parameters of the largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides (0.67 ± 0.09 g, culture period from June 2017 to July 2018). Throughout the experimental period, different areas of water (including input water of the front, middle of the pond, and from the drain off at the back) and their mixed samples were simultaneously analyzed to find the source of the main infectious bacteria. Various feeding strategies may differentially affect body composition and shape the gut microbiota, but the mode of action has not been determined. Results showed that no significant differences were found in the growth performance except for the product yield using a different culture mode (PFI vs. WF). For muscle composition, the higher ∑SFA, ∑MUFA, ∑n-6PUFA, and 18:3n-3/18:2n-6 levels were detected in largemouth bass fed with iced fish, while enrichment in ∑n-3PUFA and ∑HUFA was detected in largemouth bass fed with commercial feed. For the gut microbiota, Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes were the most dominant phyla among all the gut samples. The abundance of Firmicutes and Tenericutes significantly decreased and later increased with iced fish feeding. The relative abundance of species from the Clostridia, Mollicutes, Mycoplasmatales, and families (Clostridiaceae and Mycoplasmataceae) significantly increased in the feed plus iced fish (PFI) group relative to that in the iced fish (PI) group. Pathways of carbohydrate metabolism and the digestive system were enriched in the commercial feed group, whereas infectious bacterial disease resistance-related pathways were enriched in the iced fish group, corresponding to the higher rate of death, fatty liver disease, and frequency and duration of cyanobacteria outbreaks. Feeding with iced fish resulted in more activities in the digestive system and energy metabolism, more efficient fatty acid metabolism, had higher ∑MUFA, and simultaneously had the potential for protection against infectious bacteria from the environment through a change in intestinal microbiota in the pond of largemouth bass culturing. Finally, the difference in feed related to the digestive system may contribute to the significant microbiota branch in the fish gut, and the input and outflow of water affects the intestinal flora in the surrounding water and in the gut, which in turn affects growth and disease resistance.

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Volokhov, Dmitriy V., Vahan Simonyan, Maureen K. Davidson, and Vladimir E. Chizhikov. "RNA polymerase beta subunit (rpoB) gene and the 16S–23S rRNA intergenic transcribed spacer region (ITS) as complementary molecular markers in addition to the 16S rRNA gene for phylogenetic analysis and identification of the species of the family Mycoplasmataceae." Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 62, no. 1 (January 2012): 515–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2011.11.002.

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Tully, J. G., J. M. Bove, F. Laigret, and R. F. Whitcomb. "Revised Taxonomy of the Class Mollicutes: Proposed Elevation of a Monophyletic Cluster of Arthropod-Associated Mollicutes to Ordinal Rank (Entomoplasmatales ord. nov.), with Provision for Familial Rank To Separate Species with Nonhelical Morphology (Entomoplasmataceae fam. nov.) from Helical Species (Spiroplasmataceae), and Emended Descriptions of the Order Mycoplasmatales, Family Mycoplasmataceae." International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 43, no. 3 (July 1, 1993): 630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00207713-43-3-630a.

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Asif, Abuzar Ali, Moni Roy, and Sharjeel Ahmad. "Rare case of Ureaplasma parvum septic arthritis in an immunocompetent patient." BMJ Case Reports 13, no. 9 (September 2020): e236396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-236396.

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Mycoplasmatacea family comprises two genera: Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma. Ureaplasma parvum (previously known as U. urealyticum biovar 1) commonly colonises the urogenital tract in humans. Although Ureaplasma species have well-established pathogenicity in urogenital infections, its involvement in septic arthritis has been limited to prosthetic joint infections and immunocompromised individuals. We present a rare case of native right knee infection due to U. parvum identified using next-generation sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA testing and confirmed with PCR assays. This rare case of Ureaplasma septic arthritis was diagnosed using newer next-generation DNA sequencing diagnostic modalities and a literature review of prior cases, antibiotic coverage and antimicrobial resistance is incorporated as part of the discussion.

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Tully, J. G., J. M. Bove, F. Laigret, and R. F. Whitcomb. "Notes: Revised Taxonomy of the Class Mollicutes: Proposed Elevation of a Monophyletic Cluster of Arthropod-Associated Mollicutes to Ordinal Rank (Entomoplasmatales ord. nov.), with Provision for Familial Rank To Separate Species with Nonhelical Morphology (Entomoplasmataceae fam. nov.) from Helical Species (Spiroplasmataceae), and Emended Descriptions of the Order Mycoplasmatales, Family Mycoplasmataceae." International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 43, no. 2 (April 1, 1993): 378–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00207713-43-2-378.

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Tatarinova, Tatiana V., Inna Lysnyansky, Yuri V. Nikolsky, and Alexander Bolshoy. "The mysterious orphans of Mycoplasmataceae." Biology Direct 11, no. 1 (January 8, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13062-015-0104-3.

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Iwatsuki, Toshihide, Takahiro Kanazawa, Takato Ogasawara, Kento Hosotani, Karen Tsuchiya, Shinichi Watanabe, Tomoko Suzuki, Ryota Moriuchi, Yu Kanesaki, and Hideo Dohra. "16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing of Gut Microbiota in Three Species of Deep-Sea Fish in Suruga Bay, Japan." Microbiology Resource Announcements 10, no. 1 (January 7, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mra.01260-20.

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ABSTRACT We report here 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequence analysis of the gut microbiota in three species of deep-sea fish collected from Suruga Bay, Japan. Of the three species, two were dominated by the phylum Proteobacteria (genus Photobacterium), while one was dominated by the phyla Spirochaetes (genus Brevinema) and Tenericutes (unclassified Mycoplasmataceae).

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Wood, Amber M., Michelle Tang, Tracy Truong, Chelsea Feldman, Carl Pieper, and Amy P. Murtha. "Vaginal Mycoplasmataceae colonization and association with immune mediators in pregnancy." Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, September 12, 2019, 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2019.1663820.

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Ofek, Tamir, Maya Lalzar, Sivan Laviad-Shitrit, Ido Izhaki, and Malka Halpern. "Comparative Study of Intestinal Microbiota Composition of Six Edible Fish Species." Frontiers in Microbiology 12 (December 7, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.760266.

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Intensive freshwater aquaculture in the Spring Valley, Israel, is implemented mainly in earthen fishponds and reservoirs that are stocked with a variety of edible fish species. Here we sampled six different healthy fish species from these intensive aquacultures. The fish were hybrid striped bass, European bass, red drum (all carnivores), hybrid tilapia, flathead grey mullet (both herbivores), and common carp (an omnivore). Significant differences were found among the intestinal microbiota of the six studied fish species. The microbiota composition diversity was strongly related to the trophic level of the fish, such that there was a significant difference between the carnivore and the herbivore species, while the omnivore species was not significantly different from either group. The most abundant genus in the majority of the fishes’ intestinal microbiota was Cetobacterium. Furthermore, we found that beside Cetobacterium, a unique combination of taxa with relative abundance >10% characterized the intestine microbiota of each fish species: unclassified Mycoplasmataceae, Aeromonas, and Vibrio (hybrid striped bass); Turicibacter and Clostridiaceae 1 (European bass); Vibrio (red drum); ZOR0006—Firmicutes (hybrid tilapia); unclassified Mycoplasmataceae and unclassified Vibrionaceae (flathead grey mullet); and Aeromonas (common carp). We conclude that each fish species has a specific bacterial genera combination that characterizes it. Moreover, diet and the trophic level of the fish have a major influence on the gut microbiota of healthy fish that grow in intensive freshwater aquaculture.

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Sorimachi, Kenji, and Teiji Okayasu. "Classification of eubacteria based on their complete genome: where does Mycoplasmataceae belong?" Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 271, suppl_4 (May 7, 2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2003.0141.

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Liu, Zheng, Ying Huang, Chao Hu, and Xiang Liu. "The impact of Sangju Qingjie Decoction on the pulmonary microbiota in the prevention and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 14 (April 30, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1379831.

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ObjectiveExploring the effect of SJQJD on the pulmonary microbiota of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) rats through 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing.MethodsA COPD rat model was constructed through smoking and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, and the efficacy of SJQJD was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbnent Assay (ELISA). The alveolar lavage fluid of rats was subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing. The diversity of lung microbiota composition and community structure was analyzed and differential microbiota were screened. Additionally, machine learning algorithms were used for screening biomarkers of each group of the microbiota.ResultsSJQJD could improve lung structure and inflammatory response in COPD rats. 16s rRNA sequencing analysis showed that SJQJD could significantly improve the abundance and diversity of bacterial communities in COPD rats. Through differential analysis and machine learning methods, potential microbial biomarkers were identified as Mycoplasmataceae, Bacillaceae, and Lachnospiraceae.ConclusionSJQJD could improve tissue morphology and local inflammatory response in COPD rats, and its effect may be related to improve pulmonary microbiota.

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Aksoy, A. "Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Detection of Genes for Antimicrobial Resistance of Mycoplasma bovis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli." Indian Journal of Animal Research, Of (April 28, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-1343.

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Background: Mycoplasma bovis (Gram-positive bacteria) belongs the class Mollicutes and to the family Mycoplasmataceae (Maunsell and Donovan, 2009). It is a cell wall-less bacterium and are instead enveloped by a complex plasma membrane. In cattle, M. bovis is widely known causes various diseases, such respiratory disease, mastitis, arthritis and otitis.Methods: The present study was aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility and identify the genes for antimicrobial resistance of Mycoplasma bovis PG45, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. M. bovis PG45, S. aureus and E.coli were subjected to test for their sensitivity to various clinically important antibiotics (Cefotaxime, Cefuroxime, Cefaclor Cefalexin, Ofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Nalidixic acid, Amikacin, Ampicillin, Oxacilin, Amoxyclav, Rifampicin, Penicillin G and Tylosin). The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each antimicrobial agent was determined by applying an agar dilution method. Polymerase Chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify specific DNA fragments and thus to determine the presence or absence of a target gene (VspA, tet k and tetA). Result: Showed the MIC values and the presence of VspA, tetK and tetA in M. bovis PG45, S. aureus and E. coli respectively.

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Bennion, Matthew, Phil M. Ross, Henry S. Lane, and Ian R. McDonald. "Bacterial composition in the toheroa (Paphies ventricosa), a threatened surf clam from Aotearoa (New Zealand)." Marine Biology 169, no. 3 (February 14, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-022-04025-y.

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AbstractThe toheroa (Paphies ventricosa) is an Aotearoa (New Zealand) endemic surf clam that remains threatened following population collapse due to overfishing in the twentieth century. Despite protective measures being in place for more than 4 decades, toheroa populations have inexplicably failed to recover. As part of an investigation into the possible role of disease in preventing their recovery, an exploration of the bacterial composition in toheroa was conducted over their entire geographic range. The bacterial composition in toheroa tissues was dominated by Spirochaetaceae, Mycoplasmataceae, and Endozoicomonadaceae, and varied at both large (between geographically separated sites) and small spatial scales (beds < 10 km apart). At small scales, it was habitat, in this case the presence or absence of freshwater outflows, which appeared to be a major influence on bacterial composition. Given that the decline of toheroa has also coincided with changes in land use that have reduced the amount of freshwater reaching the toheroa beaches, it is possible that habitat-related shifts in the abundance of certain bacterial symbionts are affecting the health and impeding recovery of this iconic and culturally significant species.

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Offret, Clément, Sauvann Paulino, Olivier Gauthier, Kevin Château, Adeline Bidault, Charlotte Corporeau, Philippe Miner, et al. "The marine intertidal zone shapes oyster and clam digestive bacterial microbiota." FEMS Microbiology Ecology 96, no. 8 (April 30, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiaa078.

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ABSTRACT Digestive microbiota provide a wide range of beneficial effects on host physiology and are therefore likely to play a key role in marine intertidal bivalve ability to acclimatize to the intertidal zone. This study investigated the effect of intertidal levels on the digestive bacterial microbiota of oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and clams (Ruditapes philippinarum), two bivalves with different ecological niches. Based on 16S rRNA region sequencing, digestive glands, seawater and sediments harbored specific bacterial communities, dominated by operational taxonomic units assigned to the Mycoplasmatales,Desulfobacterales and Rhodobacterales orders, respectively. Field implantation modified digestive bacterial microbiota of both bivalve species according to their intertidal position. Rhodospirillales and Legionellales abundances increased in oysters and clams from the low intertidal level, respectively. After a 14-day depuration process, these effects were still observed, especially for clams, while digestive bacterial microbiota of oysters were subjected to more short-term environmental changes. Nevertheless, 3.5 months stay on an intertidal zone was enough to leave an environmental footprint on the digestive bacterial microbiota, suggesting the existence of autochthonous bivalve bacteria. When comparing clams from the three intertidal levels, 20% of the bacterial assemblage was shared among the levels and it was dominated by an operational taxonomic unit affiliated to the Mycoplasmataceae and Spirochaetaceae families.

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Akter, Shirin, Melissa L. Wos-Oxley, Sarah R. Catalano, Md Mahbubul Hassan, Xiaoxu Li, Jian G. Qin, and Andrew PA Oxley. "Host Species and Environment Shape the Gut Microbiota of Cohabiting Marine Bivalves." Microbial Ecology, February 22, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-023-02192-z.

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AbstractPacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) are commercially important marine bivalves that frequently coexist and have overlapping feeding ecologies. Like other invertebrates, their gut microbiota is thought to play an important role in supporting their health and nutrition. Yet, little is known regarding the role of the host and environment in driving these communities. Here, bacterial assemblages were surveyed from seawater and gut aspirates of farmed C. gigas and co-occurring wild M. galloprovincialis in summer and winter using Illumina 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Unlike seawater, which was dominated by Pseudomonadata, bivalve samples largely consisted of Mycoplasmatota (Mollicutes) and accounted for >50% of the total OTU abundance. Despite large numbers of common (core) bacterial taxa, bivalve-specific species (OTUs) were also evident and predominantly associated with Mycoplasmataceae (notably Mycoplasma). An increase in diversity (though with varied taxonomic evenness) was observed in winter for both bivalves and was associated with changes in the abundance of core and bivalve-specific taxa, including several representing host-associated and environmental (free-living or particle-diet associated) organisms. Our findings highlight the contribution of the environment and the host in defining the composition of the gut microbiota in cohabiting, intergeneric bivalve populations.

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Idenyi, John N., Mosope F. Abanikannda, David H. Huber, Ann L. Gannam, Wendy M. Sealey, and Jonathan C. Eya. "Genome‐wide insights into whole gut microbiota of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, fed plant proteins and camelina oil at different temperature regimens." Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, October 16, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jwas.13028.

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AbstractGut microbiota impacts fish metabolism, nutrient utilization, and health. We know little about how temperature and diet interact with rainbow trout gut microbes. A total of 288 fish (average body weight: 45.6 g) fed four iso‐caloric, ‐lipidic, and ‐nitrogenous diets comprised crude protein (40%) and lipid (20%) manufactured as 100% animal‐based protein (AP) and blend of 50 fish oil (FO)/50 camelina oil (CO), 100% AP and 100% CO, 100% plant‐based protein (PP) and blend of 50 FO/50 CO or 100% PP and 100% CO at 14 or 18°C water temperature. Gut content was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene and shotgun sequencing. Alpha‐diversity did not change significantly. Regardless of diet, Tenericutes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria dominated. At family level, Aeromonadaceae and Enterobacteriaceae dominated at 18°C, while Mycoplasmataceae dominated at 14°C. Moreover, genes relating to amino acid, carbohydrate, fat, and energy metabolisms and fatty acid biosynthesis significantly increased at 18°C. Functional profiles did not vary significantly among diets, except for a higher methionine and cysteine metabolism in fish fed plant ingredient compared animal diet, suggesting trout fed plant‐derived protein mixed with CO could be as effective as those fed fish meals mixed with 50/50 FO and CO.

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Adike, C. N., N. R. Agbakoba, I. B. Enweani, Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu, and Ifeoma Stella Ekelozie. "Age-related Distribution of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Respiratory Tract Infection in a Developing Country." Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, December 13, 2021, 248–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i55a33829.

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an organism that belongs to the family mycoplasmataceae. Its role as a disease causing agent continues to draw interest especially with the advent of highly sensitive detection techniques. This bacterium poses a health problem to both animals and humans resulting in serious illnesses such as community-acquired pneumonia, lung damage and this work investigated the prevalence of M. pneumoniae as agent of respiratory tract infections using culture and molecular methods of identification, in patients attending Pulmonary Tuberculosis Clinic at Nnamdi Azikiwe Teaching, Hospital, Nnewi as well as detecting the most virulence gene of this organism. A total of 263 sputum samples were collected: 188 test subjects and 75 control subjects. These samples were examined bacteriologically using PPLO broth and agar, MacConkey, blood and chocolate agars. The overall prevalence rates of M. pneumoniae among the 263 subjects were 4.9% by culture. The prevalence rate of the organism was significantly higher among the test subjects 11(5.9%) by culture than the control subjects 2(2.7%) by culture. The colonization of the organism was significant among the age groups 31-40 years (P<0.05). The antibiotic sensitivity pattern of M. pneumoniae showed that the organism was susceptible to Lyntriaxone, Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Azithromycin and Doxycycline while it showed resistance to Septrin, Peflacine, Rifampicin, Erythromycin and Norbactin. M. pneumoniae is an additional bacterium that might contribute to respiratory tract infections and consequently to death when it disseminates to various organs of the body, hence their presence in the respiratory tract of children, adolescent and adults should not be treated with levity.

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Chen, Lian, Shuxian Li, Qi Xiao, Ying Lin, Xuexia Li, Yanfu Qu, Guogan Wu, and Hong Li. "Composition and diversity of gut microbiota in Pomacea canaliculata in sexes and between developmental stages." BMC Microbiology 21, no. 1 (July 2, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-021-02259-2.

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Abstract Background The apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata, is one of the world’s 100 worst invasive alien species and vector of some pathogens relevant to human health. Methods On account of the importance of gut microbiota to the host animals, we compared the communities of the intestinal microbiota from P. canaliculata collected at different developmental stages (juvenile and adult) and different sexes by using high-throughput sequencing. Results The core bacteria phyla of P. canaliculata gut microbiota included Tenericutes (at an average relative abundance of 45.7 %), Firmicutes (27.85 %), Proteobacteria (11.86 %), Actinobacteria (4.45 %), and Cyanobacteria (3.61 %). The female group possessed the highest richness values, whereas the male group possessed the lowest bacterial richness and diversity compared with the female and juvenile group. Both the developmental stages and sexes had important effects on the composition of the intestinal microbiota of P. canaliculata. By LEfSe analysis, microbes from the phyla Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were enriched in the female group, phylum Bacteroidetes was enriched in the male group, family Mycoplasmataceae and genus Leuconostoc were enriched in the juvenile group. PICRUSt analysis predicted twenty-four metabolic functions in all samples, including general function prediction, amino acid transport and metabolism, transcription, replication, recombination and repair, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, etc. Conclusions This study provided a general understanding of the diversity characteristics of intestinal microbial communities of P. canaliculata, and indicated that developmental stage and gender could both influence the intestinal microbes of P. canaliculata. Further study may focus on the interaction between the gut microbiota and their host.

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Kawamoto, Dione, Rodrigo Borges, Rodolfo Alvarenga Ribeiro, Robson Franciso de Souza, Pâmela Pontes Penas Amado, Luciana Saraiva, Ana Carolina Ratto Tempestini Horliana, Marcelo Faveri, and Marcia Pinto Alves Mayer. "Oral Dysbiosis in Severe Forms of Periodontitis Is Associated With Gut Dysbiosis and Correlated With Salivary Inflammatory Mediators: A Preliminary Study." Frontiers in Oral Health 2 (October 11, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/froh.2021.722495.

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Inflammation is a driven force in modulating microbial communities, but little is known about the interplay between colonizing microorganisms and the immune response in periodontitis. Since local and systemic inflammation may play a whole role in disease, we aimed to evaluate the oral and fecal microbiome of patients with periodontitis and to correlate the oral microbiome data with levels of inflammatory mediator in saliva.Methods: Nine patients with periodontitis (P) in Stage 3/Grade B and nine age-matched non-affected controls (H) were evaluated. Microbial communities of oral biofilms (the supra and subgingival from affected and non-affected sites) and feces were determined by sequencing analysis of the 16SrRNA V3–V4 region. Salivary levels of 40 chemokines and cytokines were correlated with oral microbiome data.Results: Supragingival microbial communities of P differed from H (Pielou's evenness index, and Beta diversity, and weighted UniFrac), since relative abundance (RA) of Defluviitaleaceae, Desulfobulbaceae, Mycoplasmataceae, Peptostreococcales-Tissierellales, and Campylobacteraceae was higher in P, whereas Muribaculaceae and Streptococcaceae were more abundant in H. Subgingival non-affected sites of P did not differ from H, except for a lower abundance of Gemellaceae. The microbiome of affected periodontitis sites (PD ≥ 4 mm) clustered apart from the subgingival sites of H. Oral pathobionts was more abundant in sub and supragingival biofilms of P than H. Fecal samples of P were enriched with Acidaminococcus, Clostridium, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Megasphaera, and Romboutsia when compared to H. The salivary levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and inflammatory chemokines were positively correlated with the RA of several recognized and putative pathobionts, whereas the RA of beneficial species, such as Rothia aeria and Haemophilus parainfluenzae was negatively correlated with the levels of Chemokine C-C motif Ligand 2 (CCL2), which is considered protective. Dysbiosis in patients with periodontitis was not restricted to periodontal pockets but was also seen in the supragingival and subgingival non-affected sites and feces. Subgingival dysbiosis revealed microbial signatures characteristic of different immune profiles, suggesting a role for candidate pathogens and beneficial organisms in the inflammatory process of periodontitis.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Mycoplasmataceae'

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