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1
Akhmedova, S. D. "Retrospective analysis of the superficial dermatomycosis prevalence in areas of the Greater Caucasus of Azerbaijan." Kazan medical journal 96, no. 6 (December 15, 2015): 1038–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17750/kmj2015-1038.
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Aim. Study the epidemiological situation regarding the prevalence of skin, hair or nails superficial mycoses in 15 districts of the Greater Caucasus of Azerbaijan for the period from 2000 to 2012.
Methods. Such indicators as the number of patient visits, periodic screening examinations and admissions were analyzed using the current and archived medical records of the Municipal Center for Skin and Sexually transmitted diseases №1, Republican Center for Skin and Sexually transmitted diseases, Republican Paediatric Center for Skin and Sexually transmitted diseases №3 of the Azerbaijan Republic. Skin superficial mycoses were diagnosed after laboratory (microscopic) verification of fungal mycelium presence. Intensive indicators were calculated, such as the prevalence of skin superficial mycoses and the number of patient visits due to skin superficial mycoses.
Results. The prevalence of the skin superficial mycoses has increased in the Greater Caucasus of Azerbaijan area at the examined period (2000 to 2012) since 2004, with the prevalence peaks in 2007, 2009 and 2011. Men were twice (61.54%) more commonly affected compared to women (38.06%). The highest prevalence of skin superficial mycoses was registered in age groups of 0-10 (38.69%) and 11-20 (20.83%) years, the main diagnosis were «scalp mycosis» (27.98%) and «tinea versicolor» (22.62%). The prevalence of skin candidiasis (1.19±0.84%), onychomycosis (4.17±1.54%), tinea cruris (5.36±1.74%), combined scalp and glabrous skin mycosis (5.95±1.83%), athlete’s foot (8.93±2.20%), «Kerion» lesions (10.71±2.39%), glabrous skin mycosis (13.10±2.60%) increased. The prevalence of skin superficial mycoses was the highest in 2011 - 1.980±0.388%, the number of patient visits due to skin superficial mycoses - 0.712±0.140%; in 2007 the following numbers were 1.911±0.390% and 0.607±0.124% respectively, in 2009 - 1.637±0.357% and 0.537±0.117%, duplicating the prevalence peaks. High prevalence of superficial dermatomycoses was seen in Khizi and Ismailli Districts, the lowest - in Balakan, Qusar, Oghuz, Shaki Districts. Conclusions. In the current social and economic conditions, the system of complex examination (cultures, microscopy) of patients with skin mycoses is required, as well as the program of targeted preventive measures and improvement of medical and social aid management.
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Mizernitsky, Yu L., S. E. Dyakova, M. V. Kostyuchenko, G. A. Klyasova, A. A. Malchikova, and M. P. Afanasyeva. "Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis in a child caused by Paecilomyces lilacinus." Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) 64, no. 2 (May 15, 2019): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2019-64-2-102-109.
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The article discusses the problem of allergic bronchopulmonary mycoses, which occur in children much more often than they are diagnosed. Their treatment is a challenge, and the prognosis is very problematic. In addition to the most frequent cause of Aspergillus, allergic bronchopulmonary mycoses can be caused by various fungi. The clinical example demonstrates the difficulty of diagnosing and treating a child with allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis caused by a rare type of filamentous fungi Paecilomyces lilacinus.
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Yakovlev, A. В. "Issues of stage-by-stage approach to the external therapy of foot skin mycosis." Medical Council, no. 21 (January 20, 2019): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2018-21-146-151.
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Foot skin mycosis is one of the most topical problems in dermatovenerology due to the extreme prevalence of these diseases. Treatment of foot skin mycoses is the most important step in the prevention of onychomycosis. The tactics and a specific sequence of the external therapy depends on the specific clinical form of mycosis: acute inflammatory forms require the prescription of solutions and gels, subacute forms required creams, chronic forms require adhesive agents. Exudative form of the foot skin mycosis with vesiculation is an indication for the combination therapy.
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Khadka, Sundar, Jeevan Bahadur Sherchand, Dinesh Binod Pokharel, Bharat Mani Pokhrel, Shyam Kumar Mishra, Subhash Dhital, and Basista Rijal. "Clinicomycological Characterization of Superficial Mycoses from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal." Dermatology Research and Practice 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9509705.
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Background. Superficial mycosis is a common fungal infection worldwide, mainly caused by dermatophytes. However, the prevalence of species varies geographically. In addition, fungal treatment is best guided according to species isolated. This study was carried out to determine the clinical as well as mycological profile of superficial mycoses in a tertiary care hospital, Nepal.Methods. This was a prospective case-control laboratory based study conducted over a period of six months from January to June 2014 at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Nepal. A total of 200 specimens were collected from the patients suspected of superficial mycoses. The specimens were macroscopically as well as microscopically examined. The growth was observed up to 4 weeks.Results.Out of total 200 specimens from the patients suspected of superficial mycoses, tinea corporis 50 (25%) was most common clinical types. KOH mount was positive in 89 (44.5%) and culture was positive in 111 (55.5%).Trichophyton mentagrophytes44 (39.6%) was the most common isolate.Conclusions.The diagnostic yields of KOH mount and culture were found to be complementary to each other. Thus both the methods added with clinical findings are equally important to establish superficial mycosis.
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Vdovina, L. V., N. V. Tiunova, S. M. Tolmacheva, and I. N. Usmanova. "Geotrlchous stomatitis in the dental practice." Endodontics Today 18, no. 2 (August 1, 2020): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36377/1683-2981-2020-18-2-68-72.
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A literature review was conducted on rare mycoses of the oral mucosa in patients with immunode^ciency conditions and hematologic malignant diseases, in particular, etiopathogenetic aspects, clinical features and an approach to the treatment of rare oral mycosis - geotrlchous stomatitis were examined.
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Ahmedova, S. D. "Analysis of the incidence of dermatomycosis in Azerbaijani Republic during 2000-2016." Kazan medical journal 99, no. 2 (April 15, 2018): 296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2018-296.
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Aim. To conduct epidemiological analysis of the incidence of dermatomycosis (superficial mycoses of skin and its appendages) in the Republic of Azerbaijan during 2000-2016, as well as clinical epidemiological monitoring during 2011-2016.
Methods. Analysis of incidence of visits was performed in the Republican dermato-venerologic clinic, children's republican dermato-venerologic dispansary №3, city dermato-venerologic dispansary №1 of the Republic of Azerbaijan according to the forms of state statistical observation №9 («Information about predominantly sexually transmitted diseases, fungal skin infections and scabies») approved by the decree of Azerbaijan State Statistical Commission No. 72/5 issued on 04.12.2000. Clinical analysis of dermatomycosis incidence during 2011-2016 was performed based on the results of laboratory (microscopic) verification of mycelium of the fungus.
Results. During 2000-2016 in the Republic of Azerbaijan steady increase of the incidence of superficial mycoses of skin and its appendages was observed. In 2000 the incidence was 2783. In 2016, 12 630 cases were recorded, which is the peak value and is 4.5 times higher than in 2000. Clinical analysis of incidence of superficial mycoses of skin and its appendages in 2011-2016 demonstrated that the diagnosis of pityriasis versicolor (keratomycosis) took the leading place (33.5%). The second place in the prevalence was taken by smooth skin mycoses (32.7%), the third place - by candidiasis (skin and visible mucous membranes - 17.1%), the fourth place - by onychomycosis (14.5%), and the last place - by mycosis of the scalp and face (2.2%). Young population (10-20 years) is susceptible to keratomycosis, and adult population (30-50 years) - to smooth skin mycosis. We suggest that it is related to climate-geographic features, increased insolation, and as a result - to sweating and to disordered lipid-alkaline protective skin barrier. To confirm our hypothesis further investigation is necessary.
Conclusion. Incidence of superficial mycoses of skin and its appendages, increased by 4.5 times was revealed; the leading position in prevalence is taken by pityriasis versicolor, the second - by smooth skin mycoses and the third - by skin and visible mucous membranes candidiasis.
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Shurygin, A. A., A. E. Shirinkina, E. A. Makarova, A. V. Sergeev, and I. A. Marusich. "Clinical case of invasive candidiasis in phthisiatrician’s practice." Perm Medical Journal 36, no. 6 (January 30, 2020): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/pmj36683-94.
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The paper presents a case of generalized candidomycosis in a 67-year old woman. Literature data regarding the cases of respiratory mycoses and candida sepsis are summarized. This case is interesting from the point of view of difficulty of differential diagnosis in patients with respiratory mycosis and tuberculosis, choice of adequate treatment.
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Lipnitsky, A. V., A. M. Markin, T. N. Sharov, A. V. Toporkov, and D. V. Viktorov. "Current epidemiological situation on Particularly Dangerous Mycoses around the World and Forecast of Its Development." Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections, no. 3 (October 5, 2018): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2018-3-25-31.
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The literature review focuses on epidemiological aspects of the spread of particularly dangerous mycoses across the world (coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis). Forecast of morbidity rates for the next few years is provided too. Out of all endemic mycoses, coccidioidomycosis, endemic for North America regions, poses the most dangerous threat. In case of the infection, complications are most likely to arise, including the dissemination of the process in immunocompromised persons. Histoplasmosis is also classed as particularly dangerous mycosis. It affects both humans and animals. It is endemic for North, Central and South America, as well as Asia and Australia. The most studied endemic areas of infection with blastomycosis are in the territory of North America, while paracoccidioidomycosis is endemic for Latin America countries. Analysis of academic publications on particularly dangerous mycoses over the last three years testifies to the increase in their morbidity rates around the world. This situation is associated, primarily, with the increment in the number of immunocompromised subjects. An important stage in the improvement of the agent diagnostics is introduction of advanced methods for early diagnostics of mycoses, in particular, molecular-genetic and genome sequencing tools. It could also allow for the detection of patients beyond the limits of endemic foci.
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Mamoudou Savadogo, Ismaël Diallo, and K Apoline Sondo. "Study of mycoses diagnosed in patients living with HIV hospitalized in the infectious diseases department of the CHU YO of Ouagadougou." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 7, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 059–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2021.7.1.0072.
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Objective: To study the mycoses in HIV patients hospitalized in the infectious diseases department of the CHU YO (Yalgado Ouédraogo) Patients and method: This was a retrospective study carried out in the SMIT of the CHU-YO over a period of ten years from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019. Results: During the study period 145 cases of mycosis were diagnosed in patients living with HIV. The average age of the patients was 42±11 years. The sex ratio was 0.64. On admission, the majority of patients (71.54%) had an impaired general condition. All patients were severely immunocompromised (mean CD4 count=59 cells/mm3). Digestive candidiasis and neuromeningeal cryptococcosis were the most frequently diagnosed mycoses. Other comorbidities were dominated by digestive coccidiosis (Cryptosporidiosis, Isosporosis) and common germ pneumonia. All patients had received antifungal and antiretroviral treatment. The evolution was marked by a lethality of 25%. Conclusion: The mycoses are relatively frequent and potentially serious during HIV infection. Their prognosis was even worse when the TCD4 lymphocyte count was low and when there were other associated comorbidities.
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Yamazaki, Toshikazu, Hikaru Kume, Setsuko Murase, Eriko Yamashita, and Mikio Arisawa. "Epidemiology of Visceral Mycoses: Analysis of Data in Annual of the Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 6 (1999): 1732–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.6.1732-1738.1999.
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The data on visceral mycoses that had been reported in theAnnual of the Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan from 1969 to 1994 by the Japanese Society of Pathology were analyzed epidemiologically. The frequency of visceral mycoses among the annual total number of pathological autopsy cases increased noticeably from 1.60% in 1969 to a peak of 4.66% in 1990. Among them, the incidences of candidiasis and aspergillosis increased the most. After 1990, however, the frequency of visceral mycoses decreased gradually. Until 1989, the predominant causative agent was Candida, followed in order by Aspergillus and Cryptococcus. Although the rate of candidiasis decreased by degrees from 1990, the rate of aspergillosis increased up to and then surpassed that of candidiasis in 1991. Leukemia was the major disease underlying the visceral mycoses, followed by solid cancers and other blood and hematopoietic system diseases. Severe mycotic infection has increased over the reported 25-year period, from 6.6% of the total visceral mycosis cases in 1969 to 71% in 1994. The reasons for this decrease of candidiasis combined with an increase of aspergillosis or of severe mycotic infection might be that (i) nonsevere (not disseminated) infections were excluded from the case totals, since they have become controllable by antifungal drugs such as fluconazole, but (ii) the available antifungal drugs were not efficacious against severe infections such as pulmonary aspergillosis, and (iii) the number of patients living longer in an immunocompromised state had increased because of developments in chemotherapy and progress in medical care.
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Rozaliyani, Anna, Anwar Jusuf, Priyanti ZS, Erlina Burhan, Diah Handayani, Henie Widowati, Satria Pratama, and Findra Setianingrum. "Pulmonary Mycoses in Indonesia: Current Situations and Future Challenges." Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia 39, no. 3 (July 3, 2019): 210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36497/jri.v39i3.69.
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Cases of pulmonary mycosis or pulmonary fungal diseases continues to increase in frequency along with the expanding population with impaired immune systems, including patients with pre-existing pulmonary diseases. Changing profile of underlying diseases might cause altering diseases profile as well. In previous decades, Pneumocystis pneumonia was the most common pulmonary mycosis in HIV-infected patients. As the increasing number of TB cases, pulmonary malignancy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and certain chronic diseases, other pulmonary mycoses also increase such as chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and other filamentous fungal infection. Furthermore, the airborne fungal particles of Aspergillus and other fungi could seriously worsen asthma or allergic respiratory diseases. In low- and middle-income countries, including Indonesia, lack of diagnostic facilities may lead to inadequate treatment. It will contribute to poor clinical outcomes with high mortality rates. The awareness among clinicians and other health workers of this epidemiology changes is the important step in early diagnosis and better managemenet of pulmonary mycosis in the future. (J Respir Indo. 2019; 39(3): 210-4)
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Richini-Pereira, Virgínia Bodelão, Rosângela Maria Pires de Camargo, Eduardo Bagagli, and Silvio Alencar Marques. "White piedra: molecular identification of Trichosporon inkin in members of the same family." Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 45, no. 3 (June 2012): 402–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86822012000300025.
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INTRODUCTION: White piedra is a superficial mycosis caused by the genus Trichosporon and characterized by nodules on hair shaft. METHODS: The authors report a family referred to as pediculosis. Mycological culture on Mycosel® plus molecular identification was performed to precisely identify the etiology. RESULTS: A Trichosporon spp. infection was revealed. The molecular procedure identified the agent as Trichosporon inkin. CONCLUSIONS: White piedra and infection caused by T. inkin are rarely reported in Southern Brazil. The molecular tools are essentials on identifying the Trichosporon species.
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Sakaniya, L. R., and I. M. Korsunskaya. "Foot mycosis: how to help active patients." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 12 (October 7, 2020): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2020-12-24-27.
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Mycotic infections of the feet are common fungal infections in our time. According to some reports, about 10% of the world's population suffer from these infections. Men suffer from foot mycosis more often than others. Foot mycosis can manifest itself in three clinical forms: interdigital, plantar and vesiculopapular. Foot mycosis is often combined with onychomycosis or becomes a risk factor for its development. Many diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, vascular diseases, obesity are risk factors for foot mycosis. But what is important is that young and middle-aged people who lead an active lifestyle are at risk. It has long been established that public places such as gyms, swimming pools, baths and saunas are a source of mycotic infections. The internal climatic environment of footwear also has a significant impact on the development of foot mycosis. Closed shoes with high internal temperature and humidity create ideal conditions for dermatophyte growth. That is why people who prefer closed, even cloth shoes, or office workers, who are forced to constantly wear closed shoes, often suffer from foot mycosis and other fungal infections.The main problem in the treatment of foot mycoses is adherence to the prescribed treatment. In our practice, mycotic lesions are more common in people who lead an active lifestyle and are unable to adhere to a long course of therapy. Indeed, the treatment of mycosis often involves a two-week application of some topical antifungal agent. It is optimal to prescribe a single application of terbinafine film forming solution to such patients. This drug ensures the clinical effectiveness of therapy as it keeps antifungi-cidal activity for 13 days from the date of application and high adherence to treatment.
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Li, Shiqin, Wenjuan Yi, Siyi Chen, and Chengshu Wang. "Empirical Support for the Pattern of Competitive Exclusion between Insect Parasitic Fungi." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 5 (May 14, 2021): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7050385.
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Fungal entomopathogens are largely facultative parasites and play an important role in controlling the density of insect populations in nature. A few species of these fungi have been used for biocontrol of insect pests. The pattern of the entomopathogen competition for insect individuals is still elusive. Here, we report the empirical competition for hosts or niches between the inter- and intra-species of the entomopathogens Metarhizium robertsii and Beauveria bassiana. It was found that the synergistic effect of coinfection on virulence increase was not evident, and the insects were largely killed and mycosed by M. robertsii independent of its initial co-inoculation dosage and infection order. For example, >90% dead insects were mycosed by M. robertsii even after immersion in a spore suspension with a mixture ratio of 9:1 for B. bassiana versus M. robertsii. The results thus support the pattern of competitive exclusion between insect pathogenic fungi that occurred from outside to inside the insect hosts. Even being inferior to compete for insects, B. bassiana could outcompete M. robertsii during co-culturing in liquid medium. It was also found that the one-sided mycosis of insects occurred during coinfection with different genotypic strains of either fungi. However, parasexual recombination was evident to take place between the compatible strains after coinfection. The data of this study can help explain the phenomena of the exclusive mycosis of insect individuals, but co-occurrence of entomopathogens in the fields, and suggest that the synergistic effect is questionable regarding the mixed use of fungal parasites for insect pest control.
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Almeida, Oslei Paes, Jacks Jorge Junior, and Crispian Scully. "Paracoccidioidomycosis of the Mouth: an Emerging Deep Mycosis." Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine 14, no. 4 (July 2003): 268–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154411130301400404.
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Oral fungal infections (mycoses) have come into particular prominence since the advent of infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), and recognition of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), as well as the phenomenal increase in world travel with increased exposure to infections endemic in the tropics. Paracoccidioidomycosis is a rare mycosis worldwide but common in Brazil and some other areas in Latin America. It can be life-threatening and can manifest with a spectrum of clinical presentations, including frequent oral lesions. This paper reviews the more recent information on Paracoccidioidomycosis, emphasizing those areas most relevant in dental science.
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Almeida, Oslei Paes, Jorge Jacks, and Crispian Scully. "Erratum: Paracoccidioidomycosis of the Mouth: an Emerging Deep Mycosis." Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine 14, no. 5 (September 2003): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154411130301400508.
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Oral fungal infections (mycoses) have come into particular prominence since the advent of infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), and recognition of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), as well as the phenomenal increase in world travel with increased exposure to infections endemic in the tropics. Paracoccidioidomycosis is a rare mycosis worldwide but common in Brazil and some other areas in Latin America. It can be life-threatening and can manifest with a spectrum of clinical presentations, including frequent oral lesions. This paper reviews the more recent information on Paracoccidioidomycosis, emphasizing those areas most relevant in dental science.
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Azovtseva, Olga V., and Elena A. Viktorova. "Visceral Mycoses as a Cause of Severe HIV Infection and Death." International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 182, no. 9 (2021): 888–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000515293.
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<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of systemic fungal infections among HIV-infected individuals. The article aimed to examine the frequency of invasive mycoses among the HIV-infected patients at the time of their urgent and/or planned admission to a specialized hospital. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The diagnostic methods used in this study involved physical examination, laboratory testing, bacteriological examination, immunological examination, molecular genetic testing, and radiological imaging. The study was conducted under the ethical guidelines for retrospective studies and does not disclose data on individual patients. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Between 2016 and 2018, 85 HIV patients who died with HIV history underwent a series of clinical and pathomorphological examinations at the Novgorod Regional Infectious Diseases Hospital. Systemic mycoses frequently occur in the respiratory system and less often in the brain. Their incidence is severe and the mortality rates associated with it are high. In this study, PCP was the most common cause of death provoked by mycoses. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> Systemic fungal disease can be diagnosed through a combination of diagnostic methods. A crucial factor in the reduction of mortality rates for systemic mycosis is the early diagnosis and intensive antimicrobial therapy.
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Bhattacharjee, Barnamoy, Atanu Chakravarty, and Debadatta Dhar Chanda. "Clinico-Mycological Study of Superficial Mycoses in a Tertiary Health Care Centre of Southern Assam." International Journal of Research and Review 8, no. 5 (June 3, 2021): 438–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210554.
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Background-Superficial Mycosis, which is the most common fungal infection affecting human beings, includes Dermatophytosis and Dermatomycoses, which are the infections of superficial keratinized layer of skin, nail & hair by Dermatophytes and non Dermatophytic moulds or yeasts respectively. This clinical entity is very common in hot, humid tropical climate of India with prevalence ranging from 30-60% but its precise case magnitude and epidemiology in North eastern India cannot be stated as there are only few studies conducted. So, this study is undertaken to 1) Find the prevalence of Superficial Mycosis in a tertiary health care centre of Southern Assam. 2) Study the clinical profile of the cases 3) Isolate and identify the causative agents of Superficial mycosis. Materials & Method- The study has been conducted on 250 samples from clinically suspected and untreated cases of superficial mycosis from Aug 2017 to Dec 2018. 2 separate sets of samples from edge of skin lesion/nail /hair were collected, of which 1 sample was subjected to direct microscopy with (10-40) % KOH and the other part was subjected to 2 sets of fungal culture in SDA tubes at 25°C and 37°C & followed for 3 weeks. In Culture positive cases, fungal identification was based on colony morphology, pigment production & LPCB mount. For confirmation of isolates, Slide Culture and biochemical tests were done. Result-Out of total 250 samples,115 samples (46%) showed presence of fungal elements in KOH examination, of which 73 were culture positive and of the KOH negative samples 10 samples were culture positive, thus making the prevalence 33.2% (83/250). Clinically, Tinea corporis was the most common form of both superficial mycosis & Dermatophytosis and Pityriasis Versicolor has been found the most common Dermatomycosis. Males(21-50yrs) were affected by superficial mycosis more than Females(16-30yr). Trichophyton mentagrophyte was the mostly isolated agent causing superficial mycosis. Keywords: Superficial mycoses, prevalence, Assam, Slide Culture, Urease.
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Patel, Atiyah, Victor Mudenda, Shabir Lakhi, and Owen Ngalamika. "A 27-Year-Old Severely Immunosuppressed Female with Misleading Clinical Features of Disseminated Cutaneous Sporotrichosis." Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9403690.
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Sporotrichosis is a subacute or chronic granulomatous mycosis caused by fungus of theSporothrix schenckiicomplex. It is considered to be a rare condition in most parts of the world. It mostly causes cutaneous infection but can also cause multisystemic disease. Unlike most deep cutaneous mycoses which have a primary pulmonary focus, it is usually caused by direct inoculation of the fungus into the skin causing a classical linear, lymphocutaneous nodular eruption. However, atypical presentations of the condition can occur especially in immunosuppressed individuals. We report the case of a severely immunosuppressed female who presented with disseminated cutaneous sporotrichosis which was initially diagnosed and treated as disseminated cutaneous Kaposi’s sarcoma.
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Nargesi, Sanaz, Felix Bongomin, and Mohammad T. Hedayati. "The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on AIDS-related mycoses and fungal neglected tropical diseases: Why should we worry?" PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 2 (February 9, 2021): e0009092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009092.
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The World Health Organization (WHO) considers mycetoma, chromoblastomycosis, and paracoccidioidomycosis to be fungal neglected tropical diseases (FNTDs). Depending on climatic, cultural, and economic contexts, these diseases have a similar geographical distribution as many other diseases, particularly tuberculosis (TB) and malaria, but are often less targeted by the national and many international healthcare systems. Another subgroup of fungal infections, such as candidiasis, cryptococcosis, pneumocystosis, histoplasmosis, and to a lesser extent, aspergillosis, are known as AIDS-related mycoses. Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been able to decrease the mortality rate of these diseases, particularly cryptococcosis, the disproportionately low distribution of funds to their diagnosis and treatment remains an obstacle in saving and improving the lives of patients affected. A new wave of viral diseases dubbed the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) hit the world at the end of 2019. Due to progressive symptoms and high mortality rates of COVID-19 compared to fungal infections, particularly the FNTDs, funding is currently allocated predominantly for diagnostic and therapeutic research on COVID-19. As a result, advances in FNTDs and AIDS-related mycosis care are considerably reduced. This paper explores the association between COVID-19, FNTDs, and AIDS-related mycoses with a predictive perspective.
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Elad, Daniel. "Therapy of Non-Dermatophytic Mycoses in Animals." Journal of Fungi 4, no. 4 (October 30, 2018): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof4040120.
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This review focuses on aspects of antimycotic therapy specific to veterinary medicine. In the first part, drug availability, limited mostly by economic consideration but also by clinical applicability and specific adverse effects, is described for polyenes, 5 fluorocytosine, azoles, echinocandins and terbinafine. In the second part, current knowledge and experience in the treatment of selected fungal infections are overviewed. These mycoses include disseminated mold infections in small animals (dogs and cats) and avian species, upper respiratory tract infections of small animals (sino-nasal and sino-orbital aspergillosis) and horses (guttural pouch mycosis), eumycetoma, infections caused by dimorphic fungi, (blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis and sporothrichosis) and by yeasts and yeast-like microorganism (Cryptococcus spp. and Malassezia pachydermatis).
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Masure, O., C. Dreho, M. L. Abalain-Colloc, and C. Chastel. "Les mycoses cutanees inflammatoires dues aux dermatophytes : A propos d'une mycose de la main." Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses 19, no. 10 (October 1989): 450–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0399-077x(89)80131-3.
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Nedveckytė, Irena, Dalė Pečiulytė, and Vincas Būda. "Fungi Associated with Horse-Chestnut Leaf Miner Moth Cameraria ohridella Mortality." Forests 12, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12010058.
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The total mortality of the leaf-miner horse-chestnut pest, Cameraria ohridella, collected in nature, and the mortality associated with mycoses were assessed under laboratory conditions in stages: for eggs mortality rates of 9.78% and 61.97% were found, respectively; for caterpillars, 45.25% and 5.59%, respectively; and for pupae 21.22% and 100%, respectively. At the egg stage, Cladosporus cladosporioides caused mycosis most often (27% of all mycoses); at the caterpillar stage there was no pronounced predominant fungus species; at the pupal stage both Cordyceps fumosorosea and Beauveria bassiana (32% and 31%, respectively) were most dominant; whereas at the adult stage Lecanicillum aphanocladii (43%) were most dominant. C. ohridella moths remained the most vulnerable during the pupal and caterpillar stages. Maximum diversity of fungi associated with the leaf-miner moth was reached during the period of development inside the chestnut leaf (Shannon–Wiener index—H′ = 2.608 at the caterpillar stage, H′ = 2.619 at the pupal stage), while the minimum was reached in the adult stage (H′ = 1.757). In the caterpillar and pupa stages, saprophytic fungi were most often recorded. Comparative laboratory tests revealed novel properties of the fungus L. aphanocladii, its effectiveness as the leaf-miner moth‘s entomopathogen and its suitability for field application trials while developing environment-friendly methods for horse-chestnut pest control.
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Yakovlev, A. B. "Efficacy and safety of Exifin® in treatment of mycoses of skin and nail plates." Medical alphabet 2, no. 26 (November 19, 2019): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2019-2-26(401)-54-61.
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The mycoses of the skin and nail plates of the feet are the second most common in the human population after pyoderma, and are the fact of a significant decrease in the quality of life of patients. In the present multicenter observational study, the results of the evaluation of the quality of life of 1 674 patients before and after successful treatment of mycosis of the skin and nails with the use of the drug Exifine®: showing a clear correlation between successful eradication of the pathogen and to improve the quality of life of the patient in all age groups. In no case was there any mention of adverse reactions to either the external or the systemic dosage form of the drug.
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Barnes, Rosemary A., Elizabeth M. Johnson, and Frank C. Odds. "Preface." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 49, suppl_1 (January 1, 2002): 0iii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/49.suppl_1.0iii.
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Abstract The clinical problems caused by life-threatening, deeptissue fungal infections affect many different medical and surgical specialities where immunosuppression through disease or therapeutic advance has created a substantial sub-category of patients at risk of mycosis. Amphotericin B remains one of the first-line agents for treatment of almost all systemic mycoses, but the agent in its conventional deoxycholate formulation carries a serious penalty in terms of nephrotoxicity. Novel, lipid-associated formulations of amphotericin B have been introduced to combat the toxicity problem without loss of therapeutic efficacy. This supplement is based upon papers presented at an international symposium held in Australia on 8–9 July 2000. It focuses on AmBisome, a liposome-encapsulated formulation of amphotericin B, and draws together information on many general aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of deep tissue mycoses as well as providing a comprehensive set of reviews of all aspects of AmBisome —its pharmacology, toxicology, pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy in a variety of mycoses and patient types. There is now considerably more clinical experience with lipid forms of amphotericin B than when the previous supplement on AmBisome was published by the Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy in October 1999.1 Because the topic of the supplement is a formulation of an antifungal agent, not the agent itself, and because lipid-based formulations can vary in composition even when they are nominally prepared in the same way, we have taken the unusual step of referring to the various amphotericin B lipid formulations, and to ‘conventional’ amphotericin B-deoxycholate for injection, by their trade names. The editors would like to thank Christine Burley of the JAC Editorial Office, and Regine Buffels of Gilead Sciences for their untiring support and assistance in the preparation of this supplement. Reference 1. Speller, D. C. E. & Warnock, D. W. (Eds). (1991). Liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) in the treatment of systemic fungal infection. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy28, Suppl. B, 1–118.
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Rubinstein, Héctor, Blanca Marticorena, Diana Masih, Noemi Borletto, Raul Vega, Haydee Varengo, and Ricardo Negroni. "Isolation of human fungi from soil and identification of two endemic areas of Cryptococcus neoformans and Coccidioides immitis." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 31, no. 1 (February 1989): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651989000100001.
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The present study was carried out in two different areas of Province of Cordoba, Argentina, where there was a suspicious of endemic mycosis. The previous data were the presence of a clinical case of pulmonary cryptococcosis in one area (Alta Gracia) and the previous findings of a high incidence of coccidioidin and cryptococcin reactors in the population of the second one (Villa Dolores). In both areas soil samples for fungi were studied and Cryptococcus neoformans was found in 2/25 samples from Alta Gracia. In Villa Dolores Coccidioides immitis was isolated in 2/40 samples, and C. neoformans in 1/40 samples. Delayed hypersensitivity test with cryptococcin was determined in the population from Alta Gracia and it was found to be 5.3%. Positive cutaneous tests with coccidioidin (33.8%) and cryptococcin (31.9%) in Villa Dolores were obtained. With these findings two endemic areas of systemic mycoses in Cordoba, Argentina were delimited.
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Schmidt, Volker, Linus Klasen, Juliane Schneider, Jens Hübel, and Michael Pees. "Characterization of Metarhizium viride Mycosis in Veiled Chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus), Panther Chameleons (Furcifer pardalis), and Inland Bearded Dragons (Pogona vitticeps)." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 55, no. 3 (December 21, 2016): 832–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.02206-16.
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ABSTRACT Metarhizium viride has been associated with fatal systemic mycoses in chameleons, but subsequent data on mycoses caused by this fungus in reptiles are lacking. The aim of this investigation was therefore to obtain information on the presence of M. viride in reptiles kept as pets in captivity and its association with clinical signs and pathological findings as well as improvement of diagnostic procedures. Beside 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) (small subunit [SSU]) and internal transcribed spacer region 1 (ITS-1), a fragment of the large subunit (LSU) of 28S rDNA, including domain 1 (D1) and D2, was sequenced for the identification of the fungus and phylogenetic analysis. Cultural isolation and histopathological examinations as well as the pattern of antifungal drug resistance, determined by using agar diffusion testing, were additionally used for comparison of the isolates. In total, 20 isolates from eight inland bearded dragons ( Pogona vitticeps ), six veiled chameleons ( Chamaeleo calyptratus ), and six panther chameleons ( Furcifer pardalis ) were examined. Most of the lizards suffered from fungal glossitis, stomatitis, and pharyngitis or died due to visceral mycosis. Treatment with different antifungal drugs according to resistance patterns in all three different lizard species was unsuccessful. Sequence analysis resulted in four different genotypes of M. viride based on differences in the LSU fragment, whereas the SSU and ITS-1 were identical in all isolates. Sequence analysis of the SSU fragment revealed the first presentation of a valid large fragment of the SSU of M. viride . According to statistical analysis, genotypes did not correlate with differences in pathogenicity, antifungal susceptibility, or species specificity.
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Mangiaterra, Magdalena, José Alonso, Miria Galvan, Gustavo Giusiano, and Jorge Gorodner. "Histoplasmin and paracoccidioidin skin reactivity in infantile population of Northern Argentina." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 38, no. 5 (October 1996): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651996000500005.
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In order to estimate ages at which etiological agents of systemic mycoses initiate infection, histoplasmin and paracoccidioidin skin tests were performed in 344 children of both sexes, between 2 and 15 years old. They were selected from a statistically significant population sample Gral. San Martín city (Northeast Argentina). Tests were read 48h after injection and considered positive if a 5 mm on larger induration was present. Circulating antibodies were also evaluated by agar gel immunodiffusion. The overall infection rate for H. capsulatum was 9.2%, belonging to children from 4 to 14 years old, without significant differences among sexes. Five children from 2 to 14 years old were positive to paracoccidioidin (1.6%). None of the children had specific antibodies neither signs of active mycosis. Results show H. capsulatum infection can be found from age 4, while for P. brasiliensis the lower limit was two years old. These findings may contribute to better knowledge on infantile fungal infection in a geographical region where no previous references can be found.
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Chang, Christina C., and Stuart M. Levitz. "Fungal immunology in clinical practice: Magical realism or practical reality?" Medical Mycology 57, Supplement_3 (June 1, 2019): S294—S306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myy165.
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AbstractInvasive fungal infections (IFIs) occur predominantly in immunocompromised individuals but can also be seen in previously well persons. The human innate immune system recognizes key components of the fungal cell wall as foreign resulting in a myriad of signaling cascades. This triggers release of antifungal molecules as well as adaptive immune responses, which kill or at least contain the invading fungi. However, these defences may fail in hosts with primary or secondary immunodeficiencies resulting in IFIs. Knowledge of a patient's immune status enables the clinician to predict the fungal infections most likely to occur. Moreover, the occurrence of an opportunistic mycosis in a patient without known immunocompromise usually should prompt a search for an occult immune defect. A rapidly expanding number of primary and secondary immunodeficiencies associated with mycoses has been identified. An investigative approach to determining the nature of these immunodeficiencies is suggested to help guide clinicians encountering patients with IFI. Finally, promising adjunctive immunotherapy measures are currently being investigated in IFI.
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Alonzi, Consuelo, J. Ellis, D. Corbetta, L. Grau-Roma, and F. Valls. "Disseminated phaeohyphomycosis in a dog with seizures and suspected hyperadrenocorticism in the United Kingdom." Veterinary Record Case Reports 8, no. 3 (July 2020): e000956. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vetreccr-2019-000956.
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A twelve-year-old female entire Lurcher-cross dog presented for investigation of an acute onset of cluster seizures and elevation of the liver enzymes. Physical examination was unremarkable; neurological examination was suggestive of diffuse forebrain involvement. Abdominal ultrasound documented a hyperechoic hepatic parenchyma, bilateral adrenomegaly and a splenic irregular hypoechoic nodule. Splenic cytology revealed inflammation and numerous fungal elements. Low dose dexamethasone suppression test suggested the diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism. Magnetic resonance (MRI) of the brain revealed multifocal cerebral lesions. Anti-fungal therapy was started, but no clinical response was seen and euthanasia was elected. Postmortem examination confirmed the diagnosis of systemic mycosis with involvement of the brain and liver. Systemic mycoses are uncommonly reported in the UK, but this case report raises the importance of considering fungal encephalitis as a differential diagnosis in dogs with seizures and in particular in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism, as this endocrinopathy may act as a predisposing factor.
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Nicoletis, I., E. Baubion, D. Quist, M. Bagot, O. Lortholary, C. Bolac, O. Dereure, and C. Derancourt. "Syndrome de Sézary compliquant un mycosis fongoïde atypique révélé par une mycose diffuse et récidivante." Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie 143, no. 12 (December 2016): S348—S349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annder.2016.09.547.
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Paixão, G. C., J. J. C. Sidrim, G. M. M. Campos, R. S. N. Brilhante, and M. F. G. Rocha. "Dermatophytes and saprobe fungi isolated from dogs and cats in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 53, no. 5 (October 2001): 568–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352001000500010.
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The possible involvement of saprobe fungi in dermatomycoses, as well as the determination of the incidence of dermatophytes in dogs and cats were studied. During a period of one year, 74 dogs and 18 cats, with cutaneous lesions suggesting mycoses were included in this study. The mycological analyses were conducted by direct microscopy and by fungal culture on Sabouraud agar, chloramphenicol Sabouraud agar and mycosel agar. Of the 92 samples, 21 resulted in positive cultures for dermatophytes. Dermatophyte fungi pure cultures were obtained from 13 samples. A simultaneous growth of dermatophytes plus saprobe fungi was observed in 8 of the samples. Of the remaining 71 samples, no fungal growth was observed in 10 samples, and at minimum the growth of one saprobe fungi in 61. One, two and three genera of saprobe fungi were isolated in 29, 30 and 2 samples, respectively. Microsporum canis was isolated in 6 (28.6 %) and 10 samples (47.6 %) from cats and dogs, respectively, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes in 2 (9.5 %) and 3 samples (14.3 %) from cats and dogs, respectively. The following genera of saprobe fungi were also isolated: Alternaria sp (1.9%), Chaetomium sp (1.9%), Rhizopus sp (2.9%), Curvularia sp (3.9%), Candida sp (6.8%), Trichoderma sp (6.8%), Fusarium sp (7.8%), Cladosporium sp (8.7%), Penicillium sp (21.4%) and Aspergillus sp (37.9%).
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Togano, Tomiteru, Yuhko Suzuki, William Tse, and Hikaru Kume. "Epidemiology of Visceral Mycoses in Patients with Acute Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Analyzing the National Autopsy Database in Japan." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 3602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-110546.
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Abstract 【Introduction】 Visceral mycoses (VM) are deadly infection and commonly occur in the severely immunocompromised hosts such as in patients with acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). To investigate the prevalence of visceral mycoses, we retrospectively analyze the data reported to the "Annual Report of Autopsy Cases in Japan" that includes nationwide autopsy cases published yearly by the Japanese Society of Pathology. 【Method】 We analyzed all the autopsy data from patients with acute leukemia and MDS included adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) reported in the "Annual Report of Autopsy Cases in Japan" between 1989 to 2015. These data also include patients received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Cases involved stillborn babies or inconclusive in diagnoses are excluded in current analysis. Severe cases were defined as follows: (1) direct cause of death, (2) severe pulmonary infection involving both lobes of the lung, (3) severe visceral infections of 2 or more organ systems, including those involving the central nervous system, (4) multiorgan systemic infection of 3 or more, or (5) a case described as fungemia. 【Result】 There are total of 175,615 autopsy cases in the data bank and about 7183 cases (4.1%) are acute leukemia and MDS patients. While visceral mycoses were only found in 7756 cases (4.4%) in total cases, there are 1,562 cases (21.7 %) in acute leukemia and MDS, nearly 6-fold higher in prevalence compared with none acute leukemia and MDS cases. Among cases confirmed by single infected pathogen, Aspergillus spp. is the most predominant causative agent (45.0%), while Candida spp. is the second (22.7%). The prevalence of Aspergillus spp. was increased and peaked around 54.0% between 2001 and 2005, then gradually decreased since with more significantly in recent years. Candida spp. was also steadily decreased yearly and bottomed out in 2013. Overall, prevalence is half in Candida spp. and doubled in Mucor spp. compare with 30years ago. Complicated infections cases were founded in 6.5% of patients with acute leukemia and MDS. The most frequent combination is Candida spp. plus Aspergillus spp. (59.8%), while next Mucor spp. plus another spp. (27.0%) and such combination has a trend of gradually increasing since 1997. Most of the severe cases are patients with acute leukemia and MDS presented as visceral mycoses (62.2%). Among them the frequency was 55-67% in Aspergillus spp., Candida spp. and Cryptococcus spp. in severe cases. Otherwise, it was 70-75% in Mucor spp. and complicated cases. After reached the peak of incidence in 2005, the prevalence of Aspergillus spp. has been decreased since 2009. Moreover, we also analyzed the 1098 autopsy cases on patients received stem cell transplantation. 294 cases are found to have visceral mycoses (26.8%). It was 378 cases with GVHD, and visceral mycoses were 23.3% with GVHD group. Prevalence is not decrease in total of SCT cases. Otherwise, it has been decreased in GVHD cases. Aspergillus spp. is the most common (51.6%) and Candida spp.was 19.4% in SCT cases. Interestingly, Candida spp.was more popular than before and the same frequency as Aspergillus spp. with GVHD cases in 2015. 【Discussion】 A limitation of this study is a retrospective epidemiology from the national archived autopsied cases that may bias towards the severely fatal fungal infection spectrum. Nonetheless, we believe this epidemiological analysis of the autopsied cases with fungal infection provides a strong evidence and incentive to intensify efforts in diagnosing and treating visceral mycosis. Comprehensive prophylaxis or pre-emetic treatment for visceral mycoses may be necessary for selective patients who are undergoing long-term immunosuppressive agent for acute or chronic GVHD, especially the emergence of the non-Candidaalbicans spp. recently as a breakthrough infection that is due to decades of widely use of fluconazole in these patient populations. 【Conclusion】 Our study is a long-term nationwide study of endemics of visceral mycoses among significant immunosuppressive patients. More recently frequent agents were Mucor spp. in leukemia and MDS, and especially Candida spp. with GVHD. Our data provide valuable evidence that antifungal treatment is one of the most important treatments for leukemia and MDS, and SCT. Figure. Figure. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Ghitea, Timea Claudia, Simona Bungau, Delia Mirela Tit, Lavinia Purza, Pavel Otrisal, Lotfi Aleya, Gabriela Cioca, Carmen Pantis, and Liviu Lazar. "The Effects of Oregano Oil on Fungal Infections Associated with Metabolic Syndrome." Revista de Chimie 71, no. 1 (February 7, 2020): 335–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.20.1.7854.
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This study aims to compare the evolution of mycosis associated with metabolic syndrome under allopathic treatment compared to phytotherapy using oregano essential oil. The study was conducted over a period of 6 months, on a total of 72 patients diagnosed with fungal infections associated with metabolic syndrome. The patients were divided into 3 groups, depending on the administered treatment: group 1: 24 patients who received allopathic treatment; group 2: 24 patients who received oregano oil treatment; group 3: control, which did not undergo any antifungal treatment. All three groups were subjected to specific diet therapy for mycosis. The patients were initially evaluated at 10 days after the begining of the treatment (to track mycotic disease evolution in the acute phase), at 60 days (to evaluate the recurrence of mycoses) and at 180 days to track recurrent disease. Most infections were acute (77.78%), the chronic ones representing only 5.56% of cases. There were also 12 cases with recurrent infections (16.67%), out of which 6 cases (8.33%) had previously shown resistance to Nystatin. In the 72 cases there was a sensitivity of 100.00% for oregano oil and Ketaconazolum, insignificantly higher than for Myconazolum (97.22%, p=0.157), but significantly higher than for Clotrimazolum and Nystatinum (94.44%, p=0.0437), Variconazole and Fluconazole (88.89%, p=0.0038) and Itraconazole (86.11%, p=0.0011). The results of this study showed an increased efficiency of oregano oil on the symptomatic and paraclinical improvement of mycotic infections in the study, both on short term and on long term, which was completed with high tolerability.
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TABORDA, Carlos P., M. E. URÁN, J. D. NOSANCHUK, and L. R. TRAVASSOS. "PARACOCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS: CHALLENGES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A VACCINE AGAINST AN ENDEMIC MYCOSIS IN THE AMERICAS." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 57, suppl 19 (September 2015): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652015000700005.
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SUMMARYParacoccidioidomycosis (PCM), caused by Paracoccidioides spp, is an important endemic mycosis in Latin America. There are two recognized Paracoccidioides species, P. brasiliensis and P. lutzii, based on phylogenetic differences; however, the pathogenesis and disease manifestations of both are indistinguishable at present. Approximately 1,853 (~51,2%) of 3,583 confirmed deaths in Brazil due to systemic mycoses from 1996-2006 were caused by PCM. Antifungal treatment is required for patients with PCM. The initial treatment lasts from two to six months and sulfa derivatives, amphotericin B, azoles and terbinafine are used in clinical practice; however, despite prolonged therapy, relapses are still a problem. An effective Th1-biased cellular immune response is essential to control the disease, which can be induced by exogenous antigens or modulated by prophylactic or therapeutic vaccines. Stimulation of B cells or passive transference of monoclonal antibodies are also important means that may be used to improve the efficacy of paracoccidioidomycosis treatment in the future. This review critically details major challenges facing the development of a vaccine to combat PCM.
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R., Sivayogana, Madhu R., Ramesh A., and Dhanalakshmi U. R. "A prospective clinico mycological study of deep mycoses in a tertiary centre in Tamil Nadu." International Journal of Research in Dermatology 4, no. 2 (April 25, 2018): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20181482.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Deep mycoses which<strong> </strong>includes subcutaneous mycoses and systemic mycoses, accounts for about 1% of the all the fungal infections seen in human beings. Though rare, these infections assume significance due to the increased morbidity and mortality associated with them. The objective of the study was to study the incidence, clinical presentation, aetiological agents and histopathological findings of deep mycoses in patients attending the mycology section, department of dermatology of a tertiary centre in Chennai.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> All Patients with clinical suspicion of deep mycoses who presented to mycology section during the period from November 2015 to September 2016 were screened. The samples from these patients were subjected to direct microscopy by potassium hydroxide wet mount, culture and histopathology.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Among the 8250 patients who attended mycology OPD, 41 patients (0.5%) had deep mycoses. The commonly affected age group was 41-50 yrs (29.7%). Males (73.2%) were predominantly affected. Of the 41 patients, 26.8% were immunocompromised. 37 patients (90.2%) had subcutaneous infection and 4 (9.8%) had opportunistic mycoses. Mycetoma (43.2%) was the most common subcutaneous mycoses. Mucormycosis (75%) and aspergillosis (25%) were the opportunistic mycoses observed. KOH positivity was 100%, while culture positivity was 65.7%. <em>Madurella mycetomatis,</em> <em>Phialophora verrucosa</em>, <em>Rhizopus arrhizus</em> and <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em> were the common organisms isolated in this study.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Mycetoma is the most common subcutaneous mycoses in this part of India. Eumycetoma is more common than actinomycetoma. Phaeohyphomycosis is on the rise. Simple KOH examination would pave way for an early diagnosis and prompt treatment of deep mycoses.</p>
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Kataria, Shaveta, Shipra Galhotra, Priya Kapoor, Neerja Jindal, Trimaan Kaur Bains, and Rinkal Kaur Kansal. "Comparison of KOH with Culture in the Diagnosis of Dematophytic Fungal Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital." Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 8, no. 4 (May 20, 2021): A107–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apalm.3009.
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Background: Skin mycoses also called dermatophytosis is the most common fungal infection affects 20-25% of World population. Its prevalence varies place to place with climatic changes, time to time with age, sex and lifestyle of the population. Dermatophytoses could be caused by dermatophytes and non-dermatophytes, their frequency of isolation differs with geographical variation.
Objectives: To study various clinical presentations of skin mycosis and compare KOH with culture in the diagnosis of dermatophytic infections in a tertiary care hospital.
Material & Methods: A total of 98 skin scrapings collected from consecutive OPD patients from 1st June 2016 to 31st May 2017 examined using KOH and culture on modified Sabouraud’s dextrose agar medium. The isolated fungi were identified by morphology, lactophenol cotton blue, slide culture and biochemical tests.
Results & Discussions: T. corporis (40.82%) was the most common clinical presentation followed by T. cruris (17.35%), T. pedis (15.31%), T. capitis (8.16%). Fungal infections were demonstrated in 52/98(53.06%). The male to female ratio of the positive cases was 15:9. The most affected age group in males 30-40yrs and females 40-50yrs. KOH positive were 43.87% (43/98). The samples which were positive in both KOH and culture were 17.35% (17/98), those positive in KOH and culture negative were 26.53% (26/98) and KOH negative and culture positive were 7.14% (7/98). Out of 24 positive cultures, 21 were dermatophytes and three were non-dermatophytes. The most common dermatophytes were T. mentagrophytes (62.5%) followed by T. rubrum (20.8%) and M. gypseum (4.33%).
Conclusion: Skin mycoses is caused mainly by dermatophytes (T. mentagrophytes followed by T. rubrum) but non-dermatophytic infections do occur. Therefore, fungal culture is imperative for correct diagnosis and proper treatment.
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Akhmedova, S. "Performance results of the improved working classification of superficial mycoses of the skin in carrying out their clinical and epidemiological monitoring." Medicni perspektivi (Medical perspectives) 26, no. 2 (June 18, 2021): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2021.2.234726.
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The results of testing of the improved working classification of superficial mycoses of the skin and its appendages (SMS) in the Republic of Azerbaijan for the period of 2012-2016 are presented. Given the variety of classifications of fungal skin diseases, many years of clinical experience have shown that none of them fully meets the requirements of a practicing physician. The author has developed and improved the classification of mycoses of the skin and its appendages, which will facilitate the diagnosis and the appointment of therapy, since this classification takes into account the tissue and topographic localization of the mycotic process, which greatly facilitates the diagnosis by dermatovenerologists, and will also reveal the true prevalence of mycotic pathology. Based on the traditional form No. 9, among 246 cases of superficial mycoses of the skin and its appendages identified in the city of Baku for the period of 2012-2016, the largest number of patients (79.44±2.6%) were diagnosed with mycoses of the scalp – 32, 52±1.21%, smooth skin mycoses – 30.08%±1.28 multi-colored lichen – 14.80%±1.01, which corresponds to the frequency of occurrence of these forms of SMS at the age of 11-20 years (44.01±3,1%) and 0-10 years (39.08±3.1%), leaders in the age line of groups with SMS in Baku. A reliable statistical difference was revealed in the detection of superficial mycoses of the skin and its appendages in the city of Baku during the study period. Based on the developed working classification, the nosological structure of the incidence of SMS in the city of Baku for the period 2012-2016 is represented by the following – 1919 episodes: mycoses of the scalp – 675 patients (35.17±1.1%); mycoses of smooth skin – 638 patients (33.25±1.1%); multi-colored lichen – 264 patients (13.76±0.8%); combined mycoses of smooth skin and scalp – 134 patients (6.98±0.6%); onychomycoses – 97 patients (5.05±0.5%); purulent-infiltrative form of mycoses – 66 patients (3.44±0.4%); skin candidiasis – 19 patients (0.99±0.2%); feet of the mycoses – 19 patients (0.99±0.2%); inguinal epidermophytosis – 7 patients (0.36±0.1%). The prevalence of nosologies preserved in the largest number of patients (1578 patients – 82.23±0.9%), mycoses of the scalp – 35.17±1.1% (675 patients), smooth skin mycoses – 33.25±1.1% (638 patients), multicolored lichen – 13.76%±0.8 (264 patients). The greatest number of patients with SMS was also detected in the age group of 11-20 years (42.12±3.1%) and 0-10 years (40.32±3.1%). The data of a comparative analysis of the results of the developed and improved classification of superficial mycoses of the skin and its appendages with the data of the traditional reporting form, made it possible to expand the scope of the analyzed nosologies and increase the objectivity of statistical data for assessing the epidemiological situation in the study region.
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Langerová, Eliška. "Summary." Dermatologie pro praxi 10, no. 2 (July 1, 2016): 91–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36290/der.2016.022.
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Harnis, Desi, Rusmawardiana, and , Fifa Argentina. "Superficial mycosis profile in the Tertiary Hospital Dr. Moh. Hoesin Palembang: retrospective research." Jurnal RSMH Palembang 1, no. 1 (December 2, 2020): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/jrp.v1i1.5.
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Background Superficial mycoses is a fungal infection of the skin, nails and hair thatcaused by dematophytes, yeast and mold. Superficial mycoses infections are commonlyfound in high temperature and humidity area such as Indonesia. Palembang is one ofregions in Indonesia has a high temperature and humidity, considered the incidenceof this disease is high. A retrospective study of new cases of superficial mycoses, datataken from medical records and register book at Policlinic of Dermatology andVenereology Dr. Moh. Hoesin Palembang during 5 years from January 2014-December2018. There were 1,236 (17.1%) new cases of superficial mycoses. Incidence ofsuperficial mycoses varies with range 6.9%-23%. The most common superficialmycoses is dermatophytes (38,3%). Microsporum canis, Trichophyton rubrum danTricophyton hmentagrophytes are frequent isolates in this study. The most age groupis 36-45 years (17.6%) with male more than female. Superficial mycoses are often foundin students (26.9%), followed by unskilled workers (20.8%). Of the 1,236 new cases,125 patients had comorbidities, such as malignancy 21 (16.8%) patients,cerebrovascular disease and diabetes mellitus each 16 patients (7.4%). Inguinal andabdomen are the most commonly infected regions. 656 (53.1%) patients was giventopical antifungal. The most common topical antifungal was ketoconazole 2% cream(62%) and systemic antifungal was itraconazole (55,3%).Conclusion: Cases ofsuperficial mycoses, especially dermatophytosis and Malassezia were still commonlyfound, especially in Palembang.
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Leme, Fabio Caetano Oliveira, Marcos Mendes de Barros Negreiros, Fernando Akira Koga, Sandra de Moraes Gimenes Bosco, Eduardo Bagagli, and Vidal Haddad Junior. "Evaluation of pathogenic fungi occurrence in traumatogenic structures of freshwater fish." Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 44, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86822011005000007.
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INTRODUCTION: Fungal infections in human skin, such as sporotrichosis, can occur after fish induced trauma. This work aimed to identify fungi in freshwater fish that are pathogenic to humans. METHODS: Extraction of dental arches from Serrassalmus maculatus (piranha) and Hoplias malabaricus (wolf fish), stings from Pimelodus maculatus (mandis catfish), dorsal fin rays from Plagioscion spp. (corvina) and Tilapia spp., for culture in Mycosel agar. Some cultures were submitted to DNA extraction for molecular identification by sequencing ITS-5.8S rDNA. RESULTS: Cultures identified most yeast as Candida spp., while sequencing also permitted the identification of Phoma spp. and Yarrowia lipolytica. CONCLUSIONS: While the search for S. schenckii was negative, the presence of fungus of the genera Phoma and Candida revealed the pathogenic potential of this infection route. The genus Phoma is involved in certain forms of phaeohyphomycosis, a subcutaneous mycosis caused by dematiaceous fungi, with reports of infections in human organs and systems. Traumatizing structures of some freshwater fish present pathogenic fungi and this may be an important infection route that must be considered in some regions of Brazil, since there are a large number of a fisherman in constant contact with traumatogenic fish.
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SAMPAIO, Jéssica Soares, Luís Fernando Albarello GELLEN, and Maria de Assis Cruz ALEXANDRE. "IDENTIFICATION OF Cryptococcus neoformans IN EXTRACTORS OF Columba Livia THAT FREQUENT THE PUBLIC HOSPITAL OF PALMAS - TO." Periódico Tchê Química 16, no. 31 (January 20, 2019): 242–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v16.n31.2019.248_periodico31_pgs_242_249.pdf.
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In Brazil, the mycoses have been winning great epidemiological importance, due to the progressive rate of morbidity and mortality. In many places, the pigeon has already reached urban pest conditions because of its overpopulation becoming a worldwide problem, which poses serious public health risks. Among the main causes of mycosis from pigeons, we highlight Cryptococcus spp. this species is the main cause of cryptococcosis, which occurs from the inhalation of fungal propagules that disperse through the air. This work aimed at the identification of Cryptococcus neoformans in excreta of Columba livia who attend the Public Hospital of Palmas (HPP) to verify transmission risks. The results were based on the identification of the most frequent points of the pigeon as in the chemotherapy sector (A) and in the emergency sector (B and C). The methodology for identification of C. neoformans was supported by the evaluation of macroscopic culture, microscopy and biochemical test. Of 30 samples identified, 3.3% at point A, 13.3% at point B, and 3.3% at point C were positive being observed, therefore, the presence of C. neoformans in a large percentage in the HPP emergency sector, which makes it an environment conducive to the propagation of yeast.
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Popova, A. Yu, A. V. Toporkov, A. V. Lipnitsky, N. V. Polovets, and D. V. Viktorov. "SPREAD OF ESPECIALLY DANGEROUS MYCOSES IN THE WORLD." Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology, no. 3 (June 28, 2016): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2016-3-120-126.
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Contemporary information on the spread in the world of especially dangerous mycoses - coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis and paracoccidioidomycosis are presented in the review. Sources and infection routes of causative agents of these diseases are examined, clinical forms of mycoses are briefly characterized. An increase of morbidity due to them over the last decade is noted. A necessity of timely diagnostics of imported mycoses outside endemic regions is underscored.
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Watanabe, Kazuyoshi. "Systemic mycoses." Japanese Journal of Medical Mycology 26, no. 3 (1985): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3314/jjmm1960.26.159.
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Tomecki, Kenneth J., Willard D. Steck, Gerri S. Hall, and Jacob W. E. Dijkstra. "Subcutaneous mycoses." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 21, no. 4 (October 1989): 785–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0190-9622(89)80269-5.
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Tomecki, Kenneth J., Jacob W. E. Dijkstra, Gerri S. Hall, and Willard D. Steck. "Systemic mycoses." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 21, no. 6 (December 1989): 1285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0190-9622(89)80306-8.
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Coste, André, Stéphane Bretagne, and Roger Jankowski. "Mycoses rhinosinusiennes." EMC - Oto-rhino-laryngologie 1, no. 1 (January 2006): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0246-0351(03)00078-3.
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Queiroz-Telles, Flavio, Michael R. McGinnis, Ira Salkin, and John R. Graybill. "Subcutaneous mycoses." Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 17, no. 1 (March 2003): 59–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0891-5520(02)00066-1.
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Griffith, Martin L., Franklin P. Flowers, and Oscar E. Araujo. "Superficial mycoses." Postgraduate Medicine 79, no. 1 (January 1986): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00325481.1986.11699242.
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Hochedez, P., A. Datry, and É. Caumes. "Mycoses superficielles." EMC - Traité de médecine AKOS 2, no. 4 (January 2007): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1634-6939(07)45411-4.
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