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Ariani, Tutty, and Andriani Fuji Lestari. "Analysis of the Role of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Clinical Superficial Mycosis: An Observational Study at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia." Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research 8, no. 10 (2024): 5006–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/bsm.v8i10.1080.
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, has had multiple impacts on human health, including its potential influence on the manifestation and severity of skin diseases such as superficial mycoses. This study aims to analyze the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the clinical characteristics of superficial mycosis in patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia. Methods: This analytical observational study included 150 patients with laboratory-confirmed superficial mycoses. Demographic data, medical history, SARS-CoV-2 infection status (based on RT-PCR results), and clinical characteristics of superficial mycoses were collected and analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Of the 150 patients studied, 75 patients had a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. No significant differences were found in the distribution of gender, age, and location of superficial mycosis infections between the groups of patients with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, patients with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection tended to have a higher severity of superficial mycosis (p < 0.05). In addition, there was a significant difference in the type of agent causing superficial mycosis between the two groups (p < 0.01). Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 infection may influence the clinical manifestations of superficial mycoses, especially in terms of disease severity. These findings support the importance of monitoring and management of superficial mycoses in patients with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Akhmedova, S. D. "Retrospective analysis of the superficial dermatomycosis prevalence in areas of the Greater Caucasus of Azerbaijan." Kazan medical journal 96, no. 6 (2015): 1038–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17750/kmj2015-1038.
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Aim. Study the epidemiological situation regarding the prevalence of skin, hair or nails superficial mycoses in 15 districts of the Greater Caucasus of Azerbaijan for the period from 2000 to 2012.
 Methods. Such indicators as the number of patient visits, periodic screening examinations and admissions were analyzed using the current and archived medical records of the Municipal Center for Skin and Sexually transmitted diseases №1, Republican Center for Skin and Sexually transmitted diseases, Republican Paediatric Center for Skin and Sexually transmitted diseases №3 of the Azerbaijan Republic. Skin superficial mycoses were diagnosed after laboratory (microscopic) verification of fungal mycelium presence. Intensive indicators were calculated, such as the prevalence of skin superficial mycoses and the number of patient visits due to skin superficial mycoses.
 Results. The prevalence of the skin superficial mycoses has increased in the Greater Caucasus of Azerbaijan area at the examined period (2000 to 2012) since 2004, with the prevalence peaks in 2007, 2009 and 2011. Men were twice (61.54%) more commonly affected compared to women (38.06%). The highest prevalence of skin superficial mycoses was registered in age groups of 0-10 (38.69%) and 11-20 (20.83%) years, the main diagnosis were «scalp mycosis» (27.98%) and «tinea versicolor» (22.62%). The prevalence of skin candidiasis (1.19±0.84%), onychomycosis (4.17±1.54%), tinea cruris (5.36±1.74%), combined scalp and glabrous skin mycosis (5.95±1.83%), athlete’s foot (8.93±2.20%), «Kerion» lesions (10.71±2.39%), glabrous skin mycosis (13.10±2.60%) increased. The prevalence of skin superficial mycoses was the highest in 2011 - 1.980±0.388%, the number of patient visits due to skin superficial mycoses - 0.712±0.140%; in 2007 the following numbers were 1.911±0.390% and 0.607±0.124% respectively, in 2009 - 1.637±0.357% and 0.537±0.117%, duplicating the prevalence peaks. High prevalence of superficial dermatomycoses was seen in Khizi and Ismailli Districts, the lowest - in Balakan, Qusar, Oghuz, Shaki Districts. Conclusions. In the current social and economic conditions, the system of complex examination (cultures, microscopy) of patients with skin mycoses is required, as well as the program of targeted preventive measures and improvement of medical and social aid management.
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Kubanova, A. A., N. V. Kozhichkina, A. A. Kubanova, and N. V. Kozhichkina. "Binafin in treatment of nail mycosis." Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii 86, no. 3 (2010): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25208/vdv850.
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The article presents the results of a direct open-label study of the efficacy and safety of BINAFIN® for treatment of foot and hand nail mycoses in 30 patients. Patients were administered one pill (250 mg) of BINAFIN® a day on a daily basis for 3-5 months. Clinical and anti-mycosis efficacy was achieved in 92.6% cases of foot and hand nail mycoses.
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Mizernitsky, Yu L., S. E. Dyakova, M. V. Kostyuchenko, G. A. Klyasova, A. A. Malchikova, and M. P. Afanasyeva. "Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis in a child caused by Paecilomyces lilacinus." Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) 64, no. 2 (2019): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2019-64-2-102-109.
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The article discusses the problem of allergic bronchopulmonary mycoses, which occur in children much more often than they are diagnosed. Their treatment is a challenge, and the prognosis is very problematic. In addition to the most frequent cause of Aspergillus, allergic bronchopulmonary mycoses can be caused by various fungi. The clinical example demonstrates the difficulty of diagnosing and treating a child with allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis caused by a rare type of filamentous fungi Paecilomyces lilacinus.
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Romero, Víctor, Carolina Kalinhoff, Luis Rodrigo Saa, and Aminael Sánchez. "Fungi’s Swiss Army Knife: Pleiotropic Effect of Melanin in Fungal Pathogenesis during Cattle Mycosis." Journal of Fungi 9, no. 9 (2023): 929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9090929.
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Fungal threats to public health, food security, and biodiversity have escalated, with a significant rise in mycosis cases globally. Around 300 million people suffer from severe fungal diseases annually, while one-third of food crops are decimated by fungi. Vertebrate, including livestock, are also affected. Our limited understanding of fungal virulence mechanisms hampers our ability to prevent and treat cattle mycoses. Here we aim to bridge knowledge gaps in fungal virulence factors and the role of melanin in evading bovine immune responses. We investigate mycosis in bovines employing a PRISMA-based methodology, bioinformatics, and data mining techniques. Our analysis identified 107 fungal species causing mycoses, primarily within the Ascomycota division. Candida, Aspergillus, Malassezia, and Trichophyton were the most prevalent genera. Of these pathogens, 25% produce melanin. Further research is required to explore the involvement of melanin and develop intervention strategies. While the literature on melanin-mediated fungal evasion mechanisms in cattle is lacking, we successfully evaluated the transferability of immunological mechanisms from other model mammals through homology. Bioinformatics enables knowledge transfer and enhances our understanding of mycosis in cattle. This synthesis fills critical information gaps and paves the way for proposing biotechnological strategies to mitigate the impact of mycoses in cattle.
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Ahmedova, S. D. "Analysis of the incidence of dermatomycosis in Azerbaijani Republic during 2000-2016." Kazan medical journal 99, no. 2 (2018): 296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2018-296.
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Aim. To conduct epidemiological analysis of the incidence of dermatomycosis (superficial mycoses of skin and its appendages) in the Republic of Azerbaijan during 2000-2016, as well as clinical epidemiological monitoring during 2011-2016.
 Methods. Analysis of incidence of visits was performed in the Republican dermato-venerologic clinic, children's republican dermato-venerologic dispansary №3, city dermato-venerologic dispansary №1 of the Republic of Azerbaijan according to the forms of state statistical observation №9 («Information about predominantly sexually transmitted diseases, fungal skin infections and scabies») approved by the decree of Azerbaijan State Statistical Commission No. 72/5 issued on 04.12.2000. Clinical analysis of dermatomycosis incidence during 2011-2016 was performed based on the results of laboratory (microscopic) verification of mycelium of the fungus.
 Results. During 2000-2016 in the Republic of Azerbaijan steady increase of the incidence of superficial mycoses of skin and its appendages was observed. In 2000 the incidence was 2783. In 2016, 12 630 cases were recorded, which is the peak value and is 4.5 times higher than in 2000. Clinical analysis of incidence of superficial mycoses of skin and its appendages in 2011-2016 demonstrated that the diagnosis of pityriasis versicolor (keratomycosis) took the leading place (33.5%). The second place in the prevalence was taken by smooth skin mycoses (32.7%), the third place - by candidiasis (skin and visible mucous membranes - 17.1%), the fourth place - by onychomycosis (14.5%), and the last place - by mycosis of the scalp and face (2.2%). Young population (10-20 years) is susceptible to keratomycosis, and adult population (30-50 years) - to smooth skin mycosis. We suggest that it is related to climate-geographic features, increased insolation, and as a result - to sweating and to disordered lipid-alkaline protective skin barrier. To confirm our hypothesis further investigation is necessary.
 Conclusion. Incidence of superficial mycoses of skin and its appendages, increased by 4.5 times was revealed; the leading position in prevalence is taken by pityriasis versicolor, the second - by smooth skin mycoses and the third - by skin and visible mucous membranes candidiasis.
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Martynova, A. V., O. S. Pavlova, and E. P. Yusupova. "Epidemiological analysis of systemic mycoses in COVID-19." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 13 (August 20, 2023): 326–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/ms2023-178.
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Introduction. When analyzing constantly incoming information, it becomes clear that the growing risk of co-infections with a new coronavirus infection is the main threat of complications leading to death.Aim. A significant part of the information is the data accumulated by specialists on co-infections with systemic mycoses, which often causes a fatal outcome in coronavirus infection.Material and methods. In study systematized information about systemic mycoses in case of coronavirus infection, diagnosed according to the data of medical institutions in Vladivostok, specializing in the treatment of patients with a new coronavirus infection in the period from autumn 2020 to spring 2021.The results of a survey of 200 patients with a new coronavirus infection who were diagnosed with ventilator-associated pneumonia were studied.Results and discussion. Systemic mycoses in patients with COVID-19 do not create a relatively new situation: fungal-bacterial or viral-fungal co-infections were described even during the H1N1 or H7N9 influenza outbreaks. Almost all patients were treated with corticosteroids at high doses causing immunosuppression, which in turn contributed to the development of systemic mycosis. 26% (52 patients) were diagnosed with systemic mycoses, where the leading pathogens were fungi of the genus Aspergillus: A. niger, A terreus, A. fumigatus. The second place (15%, 30 patients) was occupied by representatives of the genus Candida, where C. albicans prevailed. All patients with diagnosed mycoses who were on treatment were prescribed, among other things, antimycotic therapy (voriconazole, fluconazole, caspofungin). However, all patients had a lethal outcome, which was determined by the combination of infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and, ultimately, by the development of systemic mycosis, including the presence of concomitant pathology that determines the development of the infectious process.Conclusions. In the event of novel coronavirus infection, identification of associations of SARS-CoV-19 virus and other viruses combined with fungi also requires early clinical evaluation.
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Khadka, Sundar, Jeevan Bahadur Sherchand, Dinesh Binod Pokharel, et al. "Clinicomycological Characterization of Superficial Mycoses from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal." Dermatology Research and Practice 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9509705.
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Background. Superficial mycosis is a common fungal infection worldwide, mainly caused by dermatophytes. However, the prevalence of species varies geographically. In addition, fungal treatment is best guided according to species isolated. This study was carried out to determine the clinical as well as mycological profile of superficial mycoses in a tertiary care hospital, Nepal.Methods. This was a prospective case-control laboratory based study conducted over a period of six months from January to June 2014 at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Nepal. A total of 200 specimens were collected from the patients suspected of superficial mycoses. The specimens were macroscopically as well as microscopically examined. The growth was observed up to 4 weeks.Results.Out of total 200 specimens from the patients suspected of superficial mycoses, tinea corporis 50 (25%) was most common clinical types. KOH mount was positive in 89 (44.5%) and culture was positive in 111 (55.5%).Trichophyton mentagrophytes44 (39.6%) was the most common isolate.Conclusions.The diagnostic yields of KOH mount and culture were found to be complementary to each other. Thus both the methods added with clinical findings are equally important to establish superficial mycosis.
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Lipnitsky, A. V., A. M. Markin, T. N. Sharov, A. V. Toporkov, and D. V. Viktorov. "Current epidemiological situation on Particularly Dangerous Mycoses around the World and Forecast of Its Development." Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections, no. 3 (October 5, 2018): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2018-3-25-31.
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The literature review focuses on epidemiological aspects of the spread of particularly dangerous mycoses across the world (coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis). Forecast of morbidity rates for the next few years is provided too. Out of all endemic mycoses, coccidioidomycosis, endemic for North America regions, poses the most dangerous threat. In case of the infection, complications are most likely to arise, including the dissemination of the process in immunocompromised persons. Histoplasmosis is also classed as particularly dangerous mycosis. It affects both humans and animals. It is endemic for North, Central and South America, as well as Asia and Australia. The most studied endemic areas of infection with blastomycosis are in the territory of North America, while paracoccidioidomycosis is endemic for Latin America countries. Analysis of academic publications on particularly dangerous mycoses over the last three years testifies to the increase in their morbidity rates around the world. This situation is associated, primarily, with the increment in the number of immunocompromised subjects. An important stage in the improvement of the agent diagnostics is introduction of advanced methods for early diagnostics of mycoses, in particular, molecular-genetic and genome sequencing tools. It could also allow for the detection of patients beyond the limits of endemic foci.
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Vdovina, L. V., N. V. Tiunova, S. M. Tolmacheva, and I. N. Usmanova. "Geotrlchous stomatitis in the dental practice." Endodontics Today 18, no. 2 (2020): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36377/1683-2981-2020-18-2-68-72.
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A literature review was conducted on rare mycoses of the oral mucosa in patients with immunode^ciency conditions and hematologic malignant diseases, in particular, etiopathogenetic aspects, clinical features and an approach to the treatment of rare oral mycosis - geotrlchous stomatitis were examined.
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Mamoudou Savadogo, Ismaël Diallo, and K Apoline Sondo. "Study of mycoses diagnosed in patients living with HIV hospitalized in the infectious diseases department of the CHU YO of Ouagadougou." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 7, no. 1 (2021): 059–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2021.7.1.0072.
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Objective: To study the mycoses in HIV patients hospitalized in the infectious diseases department of the CHU YO (Yalgado Ouédraogo) Patients and method: This was a retrospective study carried out in the SMIT of the CHU-YO over a period of ten years from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019. Results: During the study period 145 cases of mycosis were diagnosed in patients living with HIV. The average age of the patients was 42±11 years. The sex ratio was 0.64. On admission, the majority of patients (71.54%) had an impaired general condition. All patients were severely immunocompromised (mean CD4 count=59 cells/mm3). Digestive candidiasis and neuromeningeal cryptococcosis were the most frequently diagnosed mycoses. Other comorbidities were dominated by digestive coccidiosis (Cryptosporidiosis, Isosporosis) and common germ pneumonia. All patients had received antifungal and antiretroviral treatment. The evolution was marked by a lethality of 25%. Conclusion: The mycoses are relatively frequent and potentially serious during HIV infection. Their prognosis was even worse when the TCD4 lymphocyte count was low and when there were other associated comorbidities.
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Enbiale, Wendemagegn, Alemayehu Bekele, Nigus Manaye, et al. "Subcutaneous mycoses: Endemic but neglected among the Neglected Tropical Diseases in Ethiopia." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17, no. 9 (2023): e0011363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011363.
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Background Subcutaneous (deep) mycoses are a chronic infectious disease of the skin and underlying structures endemic in tropical countries. The disease has serious medical and socioeconomic consequences for patients, communities and health services in endemic areas. The inclusion of mycetoma and other subcutaneous mycoses in the list of Neglected Tropical Diseases by WHO highlights the need to assess the burden of these diseases and establish control programs where necessary. In Ethiopia no strategies can be devised because of a lack of epidemiologic information. To address this evidence gap, we performed a national rapid assessment of the geographic distribution of subcutaneous mycoses. Methodology We conducted a rapid retrospective assessment using hospital records to identify all suspected and confirmed cases of subcutaneous mycoses in 13 referral hospitals across the country between 2015 and 2022. In each hospital the logbooks were reviewed for diagnoses of subcutaneous mycosess, as diagnosed per routine practice. Descriptive analysis was done. Result From 13 hospitals we extracted 143 cases of subcutaneous mycoses, registered from July 2018 to September 2022. 118 (82.5%) patients were diagnosed as mycetoma, 21 (14.7%) as chromoblastomycosis and the remaining 4 (2.8%) as sporotrichosis. The mean age of patients was 35.8 years (SD = 14.5). 101 (70.6%) patients were male and 96 (67.1%) patients were farmers. 64 (44.8%) cases were from the Tigray regional state. 56 (65.9%) patients had information on diagnostic microscopic evaluation: for mycetoma histopathologic evaluation and fine needle aspiration cytology had a higher positivity rate while for chromoblastomycosis potassium hydroxide (KOH) staining had a better yield. The main clinical presentations were nodules, sinuses and infiltrative plaques on the skin. Radiologic findings of bone involvement was present in some. Conclusions Mycetoma and other subcutaneous mycoses are endemic in Ethiopia, with cases reported from almost all regions with the highest cases numbers reported from the northern part of the country. A routine program and systems should be developed to identify and document the burden of subcutaneous fungal infections in the country. Diagnosis and treatment guidelines should be developed.
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Yakovlev, A. В. "Issues of stage-by-stage approach to the external therapy of foot skin mycosis." Medical Council, no. 21 (January 20, 2019): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2018-21-146-151.
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Foot skin mycosis is one of the most topical problems in dermatovenerology due to the extreme prevalence of these diseases. Treatment of foot skin mycoses is the most important step in the prevention of onychomycosis. The tactics and a specific sequence of the external therapy depends on the specific clinical form of mycosis: acute inflammatory forms require the prescription of solutions and gels, subacute forms required creams, chronic forms require adhesive agents. Exudative form of the foot skin mycosis with vesiculation is an indication for the combination therapy.
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Shurygin, A. A., A. E. Shirinkina, E. A. Makarova, A. V. Sergeev, and I. A. Marusich. "Clinical case of invasive candidiasis in phthisiatrician’s practice." Perm Medical Journal 36, no. 6 (2020): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/pmj36683-94.
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The paper presents a case of generalized candidomycosis in a 67-year old woman. Literature data regarding the cases of respiratory mycoses and candida sepsis are summarized. This case is interesting from the point of view of difficulty of differential diagnosis in patients with respiratory mycosis and tuberculosis, choice of adequate treatment.
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Yamazaki, Toshikazu, Hikaru Kume, Setsuko Murase, Eriko Yamashita, and Mikio Arisawa. "Epidemiology of Visceral Mycoses: Analysis of Data in Annual of the Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 6 (1999): 1732–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.6.1732-1738.1999.
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The data on visceral mycoses that had been reported in theAnnual of the Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan from 1969 to 1994 by the Japanese Society of Pathology were analyzed epidemiologically. The frequency of visceral mycoses among the annual total number of pathological autopsy cases increased noticeably from 1.60% in 1969 to a peak of 4.66% in 1990. Among them, the incidences of candidiasis and aspergillosis increased the most. After 1990, however, the frequency of visceral mycoses decreased gradually. Until 1989, the predominant causative agent was Candida, followed in order by Aspergillus and Cryptococcus. Although the rate of candidiasis decreased by degrees from 1990, the rate of aspergillosis increased up to and then surpassed that of candidiasis in 1991. Leukemia was the major disease underlying the visceral mycoses, followed by solid cancers and other blood and hematopoietic system diseases. Severe mycotic infection has increased over the reported 25-year period, from 6.6% of the total visceral mycosis cases in 1969 to 71% in 1994. The reasons for this decrease of candidiasis combined with an increase of aspergillosis or of severe mycotic infection might be that (i) nonsevere (not disseminated) infections were excluded from the case totals, since they have become controllable by antifungal drugs such as fluconazole, but (ii) the available antifungal drugs were not efficacious against severe infections such as pulmonary aspergillosis, and (iii) the number of patients living longer in an immunocompromised state had increased because of developments in chemotherapy and progress in medical care.
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Restiyani, Restiyani. "The Relationship Personal Hygiene with Superficial Mycosis at Islamic Boarding School." Jurnal Laboratorium Khatulistiwa 6, no. 2 (2023): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30602/jlk.v6i2.848.
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Superficial mycoses are skin infections caused by fungal colonization. One of the factors that cause infection and the spread of superficial mycoses is personal hygiene. Superficial mycoses transmission can occur when a person lives together. One of the places that have a risk of superficial mycoses transmission is Islamic boarding school. This study aims to analyze the relationship between personal hygiene and superficial mycoses in Islamic Boarding School. This type of research is quantitative with a cross sectional research design. Data was collected by means of interviews, filling out questionnaires and examining superficial mycoses macroscopically and microscopically. The results of the study using the contingency coefficient test showed that there was a relationship between personal hygiene and superficial mycoses (Approv.Sig 0.036 < 0.05). Superficial mycoses can also caused by environmental conditions, humidity, temperature and population density. Cases of superficial mycoses are still common in Islamic boarding schools.
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Rozaliyani, Anna, Anwar Jusuf, Priyanti ZS, et al. "Pulmonary Mycoses in Indonesia: Current Situations and Future Challenges." Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia 39, no. 3 (2019): 210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36497/jri.v39i3.69.
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Cases of pulmonary mycosis or pulmonary fungal diseases continues to increase in frequency along with the expanding population with impaired immune systems, including patients with pre-existing pulmonary diseases. Changing profile of underlying diseases might cause altering diseases profile as well. In previous decades, Pneumocystis pneumonia was the most common pulmonary mycosis in HIV-infected patients. As the increasing number of TB cases, pulmonary malignancy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and certain chronic diseases, other pulmonary mycoses also increase such as chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and other filamentous fungal infection. Furthermore, the airborne fungal particles of Aspergillus and other fungi could seriously worsen asthma or allergic respiratory diseases. In low- and middle-income countries, including Indonesia, lack of diagnostic facilities may lead to inadequate treatment. It will contribute to poor clinical outcomes with high mortality rates. The awareness among clinicians and other health workers of this epidemiology changes is the important step in early diagnosis and better managemenet of pulmonary mycosis in the future. (J Respir Indo. 2019; 39(3): 210-4)
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Watanabe, Kazuyoshi. "Systemic mycoses." Japanese Journal of Medical Mycology 26, no. 3 (1985): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3314/jjmm1960.26.159.
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George, Ronald B. "Pulmonary mycoses." Postgraduate Medicine 84, no. 1 (1988): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00325481.1988.11700346.
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HASEGAWA, A. "Animal mycoses." Mycotoxins 1986, no. 24 (1986): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2520/myco1975.1986.24_9.
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Shi, Z. C., and P. C. Lei. "Occupational mycoses." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 43, no. 7 (1986): 500–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.43.7.500.
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Tasic, Sinisa, Slobodan Stojanovic, and Mirjana Poljacki. "Human mycoses." Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, no. 108 (2005): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmspn0508277t.
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Fungi are an independent group of plant kingdom which members do not contain chlorophyll and have no capability of photo synthesizing, meaning that they can not synthesize nutritive compounds, so they exist as the saprophytes or parasites of plants, animals and humans. Between 50.000 and 100.000 species are known, but only about 100 species cause diseases (mycoses) of humans or animals, while many other cause diseases of plants. Only the dermatophytes and species of genus Candida are usually transferable from human to human. The importance of fungi was certainly less than that of the bacteria and viruses for the time being, but their role as the opportunist pathogens is unavoiding, especially for immunocompromised patients. Incidence of fungal infections grows steadily, even in the countries with high level of general and health culture. Diagnosis and therapy of fungal infections are many times unadequate. Prophylaxis is still an object of discussion.
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Sarosi, George A. "Endemic Mycoses." Chest 95, no. 3 (1989): 200S—202S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.95.3_supplement.200s.
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Bayles, M. A. H. "Tropical Mycoses." Chemotherapy 38, no. 1 (1992): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000239050.
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Griffith, Martin L., Franklin P. Flowers, and Oscar E. Araujo. "Superficial mycoses." Postgraduate Medicine 79, no. 1 (1986): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00325481.1986.11699242.
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Tomecki, Kenneth J., Willard D. Steck, Gerri S. Hall, and Jacob W. E. Dijkstra. "Subcutaneous mycoses." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 21, no. 4 (1989): 785–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0190-9622(89)80269-5.
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Tomecki, Kenneth J., Jacob W. E. Dijkstra, Gerri S. Hall, and Willard D. Steck. "Systemic mycoses." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 21, no. 6 (1989): 1285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0190-9622(89)80306-8.
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Queiroz-Telles, Flavio, Michael R. McGinnis, Ira Salkin, and John R. Graybill. "Subcutaneous mycoses." Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 17, no. 1 (2003): 59–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0891-5520(02)00066-1.
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Coste, André, Stéphane Bretagne, and Roger Jankowski. "Mycoses rhinosinusiennes." EMC - Oto-rhino-laryngologie 1, no. 1 (2006): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0246-0351(03)00078-3.
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Hochedez, P., A. Datry, and É. Caumes. "Mycoses superficielles." EMC - Traité de médecine AKOS 2, no. 4 (2007): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1634-6939(07)45411-4.
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Bellmann, R., R. Bellmann-Weiler, and S. Weiler. "Pulmonary mycoses." memo - Magazine of European Medical Oncology 1, S3 (2008): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12254-008-0045-y.
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Agbo-Godeau, S., and A. Guedj. "Mycoses buccales." EMC - Stomatologie 1, no. 1 (2005): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.emcsto.2005.01.006.
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Welsh, Oliverio, and Roberto Arenas. "Superficial Mycoses." Clinics in Dermatology 28, no. 2 (2010): 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.01.003.
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Welsh, Oliverio, and Roberto Arenas. "Subcutaenous mycoses." Clinics in Dermatology 30, no. 4 (2012): 367–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2011.09.005.
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Welsh, Oliverio, and Roberto Arenas. "Systemic Mycoses." Clinics in Dermatology 30, no. 6 (2012): 563–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2012.01.001.
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Elad, Daniel. "Therapy of Non-Dermatophytic Mycoses in Animals." Journal of Fungi 4, no. 4 (2018): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof4040120.
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This review focuses on aspects of antimycotic therapy specific to veterinary medicine. In the first part, drug availability, limited mostly by economic consideration but also by clinical applicability and specific adverse effects, is described for polyenes, 5 fluorocytosine, azoles, echinocandins and terbinafine. In the second part, current knowledge and experience in the treatment of selected fungal infections are overviewed. These mycoses include disseminated mold infections in small animals (dogs and cats) and avian species, upper respiratory tract infections of small animals (sino-nasal and sino-orbital aspergillosis) and horses (guttural pouch mycosis), eumycetoma, infections caused by dimorphic fungi, (blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis and sporothrichosis) and by yeasts and yeast-like microorganism (Cryptococcus spp. and Malassezia pachydermatis).
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R., Sivayogana, Madhu R., Ramesh A., and Dhanalakshmi U. R. "A prospective clinico mycological study of deep mycoses in a tertiary centre in Tamil Nadu." International Journal of Research in Dermatology 4, no. 2 (2018): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20181482.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Deep mycoses which<strong> </strong>includes subcutaneous mycoses and systemic mycoses, accounts for about 1% of the all the fungal infections seen in human beings. Though rare, these infections assume significance due to the increased morbidity and mortality associated with them. The objective of the study was to study the incidence, clinical presentation, aetiological agents and histopathological findings of deep mycoses in patients attending the mycology section, department of dermatology of a tertiary centre in Chennai.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> All Patients with clinical suspicion of deep mycoses who presented to mycology section during the period from November 2015 to September 2016 were screened. The samples from these patients were subjected to direct microscopy by potassium hydroxide wet mount, culture and histopathology.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Among the 8250 patients who attended mycology OPD, 41 patients (0.5%) had deep mycoses. The commonly affected age group was 41-50 yrs (29.7%). Males (73.2%) were predominantly affected. Of the 41 patients, 26.8% were immunocompromised. 37 patients (90.2%) had subcutaneous infection and 4 (9.8%) had opportunistic mycoses. Mycetoma (43.2%) was the most common subcutaneous mycoses. Mucormycosis (75%) and aspergillosis (25%) were the opportunistic mycoses observed. KOH positivity was 100%, while culture positivity was 65.7%. <em>Madurella mycetomatis,</em> <em>Phialophora verrucosa</em>, <em>Rhizopus arrhizus</em> and <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em> were the common organisms isolated in this study.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Mycetoma is the most common subcutaneous mycoses in this part of India. Eumycetoma is more common than actinomycetoma. Phaeohyphomycosis is on the rise. Simple KOH examination would pave way for an early diagnosis and prompt treatment of deep mycoses.</p>
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Hsu, Ting-Jung, and Chih-Hung Lee. "Implantation Mycoses and Invasive Fungal Infections with Cutaneous Involvement in Tropical Taiwan: An 11-Year Retrospective Study of a Medical Center." Journal of Fungi 9, no. 3 (2023): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9030322.
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Background: The rising incidence of implantation mycoses and invasive fungal infections prompts the need for studies describing the latest trends of these diseases; however, the literature remains scarce from tropical Asia in recent years. We shared our 11-year clinical experience at a tertiary center in Southern Taiwan to improve physicians’ understanding of the diseases, which could help them assume appropriate management strategies. Patients and methods: Forty cases of pathology-proven cases of implantation mycoses and invasive fungal infections with cutaneous involvement were retrospectively reviewed. The epidemiology, patients’ characteristics, initial clinical impressions, fungal species, management, and outcomes were compared and reported. Results: Fonsecaea sp. was the most commonly (14%) involved species in implantation mycoses. The percentages of immunocompromised patients with implantation mycoses and invasive fungal infections were 26% and 60%, respectively. Additionally, 46% of patients with implantation mycoses had type 2 diabetes mellitus. The lesions were commonly mistaken for skin appendage tumors, skin cancers, and hyperkeratotic dermatoses. The prognosis was favorable for the implantation mycoses (83% showed clinical improvement) but bleak for the invasive fungal infections (100% mortality). Conclusions: Presentations of implantation mycoses and invasive fungal infections vary widely, and immunocompromised status and diabetes mellitus are important associated factors.
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Azovtseva, Olga V., and Elena A. Viktorova. "Visceral Mycoses as a Cause of Severe HIV Infection and Death." International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 182, no. 9 (2021): 888–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000515293.
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<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of systemic fungal infections among HIV-infected individuals. The article aimed to examine the frequency of invasive mycoses among the HIV-infected patients at the time of their urgent and/or planned admission to a specialized hospital. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The diagnostic methods used in this study involved physical examination, laboratory testing, bacteriological examination, immunological examination, molecular genetic testing, and radiological imaging. The study was conducted under the ethical guidelines for retrospective studies and does not disclose data on individual patients. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Between 2016 and 2018, 85 HIV patients who died with HIV history underwent a series of clinical and pathomorphological examinations at the Novgorod Regional Infectious Diseases Hospital. Systemic mycoses frequently occur in the respiratory system and less often in the brain. Their incidence is severe and the mortality rates associated with it are high. In this study, PCP was the most common cause of death provoked by mycoses. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> Systemic fungal disease can be diagnosed through a combination of diagnostic methods. A crucial factor in the reduction of mortality rates for systemic mycosis is the early diagnosis and intensive antimicrobial therapy.
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Akhmedova, S. "Performance results of the improved working classification of superficial mycoses of the skin in carrying out their clinical and epidemiological monitoring." Medicni perspektivi (Medical perspectives) 26, no. 2 (2021): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2021.2.234726.
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The results of testing of the improved working classification of superficial mycoses of the skin and its appendages (SMS) in the Republic of Azerbaijan for the period of 2012-2016 are presented. Given the variety of classifications of fungal skin diseases, many years of clinical experience have shown that none of them fully meets the requirements of a practicing physician. The author has developed and improved the classification of mycoses of the skin and its appendages, which will facilitate the diagnosis and the appointment of therapy, since this classification takes into account the tissue and topographic localization of the mycotic process, which greatly facilitates the diagnosis by dermatovenerologists, and will also reveal the true prevalence of mycotic pathology. Based on the traditional form No. 9, among 246 cases of superficial mycoses of the skin and its appendages identified in the city of Baku for the period of 2012-2016, the largest number of patients (79.44±2.6%) were diagnosed with mycoses of the scalp – 32, 52±1.21%, smooth skin mycoses – 30.08%±1.28 multi-colored lichen – 14.80%±1.01, which corresponds to the frequency of occurrence of these forms of SMS at the age of 11-20 years (44.01±3,1%) and 0-10 years (39.08±3.1%), leaders in the age line of groups with SMS in Baku. A reliable statistical difference was revealed in the detection of superficial mycoses of the skin and its appendages in the city of Baku during the study period. Based on the developed working classification, the nosological structure of the incidence of SMS in the city of Baku for the period 2012-2016 is represented by the following – 1919 episodes: mycoses of the scalp – 675 patients (35.17±1.1%); mycoses of smooth skin – 638 patients (33.25±1.1%); multi-colored lichen – 264 patients (13.76±0.8%); combined mycoses of smooth skin and scalp – 134 patients (6.98±0.6%); onychomycoses – 97 patients (5.05±0.5%); purulent-infiltrative form of mycoses – 66 patients (3.44±0.4%); skin candidiasis – 19 patients (0.99±0.2%); feet of the mycoses – 19 patients (0.99±0.2%); inguinal epidermophytosis – 7 patients (0.36±0.1%). The prevalence of nosologies preserved in the largest number of patients (1578 patients – 82.23±0.9%), mycoses of the scalp – 35.17±1.1% (675 patients), smooth skin mycoses – 33.25±1.1% (638 patients), multicolored lichen – 13.76%±0.8 (264 patients). The greatest number of patients with SMS was also detected in the age group of 11-20 years (42.12±3.1%) and 0-10 years (40.32±3.1%). The data of a comparative analysis of the results of the developed and improved classification of superficial mycoses of the skin and its appendages with the data of the traditional reporting form, made it possible to expand the scope of the analyzed nosologies and increase the objectivity of statistical data for assessing the epidemiological situation in the study region.
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Gubbins, Paul O., Jason L. Bowman, and Scott R. Penzak. "Antifungal Prophylaxis to Prevent Invasive Mycoses Among Bone Marrow Transplantation Recipients." Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy 18, no. 3 (1998): 549–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-9114.1998.tb03118.x.
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We reviewed the effect of systemic, intranasal, and lipid formulations of amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole for antifungal prophylaxis. Specifically we reviewed the effect of antifungal prophylaxis on the development of fungal colonization, frequency of superficial and invasive mycosis, and overall mortality and that due to invasive mycoses in bone marrow transplantation recipients. A MEDLINE search was conducted to identify literature describing the risk factors, epidemiology, and chemoprophylaxis of invasive mycosis in these patients. Preliminary data published as abstracts at national infectious diseases and hematology conferences within the last 5 years were included. Antifungal prophylaxis reduces fungal colonization and superficial infection. The ability of antifungal prophylaxis to prevent systemic infection or reduce the need for empiric amphotericin B depends on specific variables. Ultimately, antifungal prophylaxis has no affect on overall mortality, and very little impact on mortality attributed to fungi.
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Harnis, Desi, Rusmawardiana, and , Fifa Argentina. "Superficial mycosis profile in the Tertiary Hospital Dr. Moh. Hoesin Palembang: retrospective research." Jurnal RSMH Palembang 1, no. 1 (2020): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/jrp.v1i1.5.
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Background Superficial mycoses is a fungal infection of the skin, nails and hair thatcaused by dematophytes, yeast and mold. Superficial mycoses infections are commonlyfound in high temperature and humidity area such as Indonesia. Palembang is one ofregions in Indonesia has a high temperature and humidity, considered the incidenceof this disease is high. A retrospective study of new cases of superficial mycoses, datataken from medical records and register book at Policlinic of Dermatology andVenereology Dr. Moh. Hoesin Palembang during 5 years from January 2014-December2018. There were 1,236 (17.1%) new cases of superficial mycoses. Incidence ofsuperficial mycoses varies with range 6.9%-23%. The most common superficialmycoses is dermatophytes (38,3%). Microsporum canis, Trichophyton rubrum danTricophyton hmentagrophytes are frequent isolates in this study. The most age groupis 36-45 years (17.6%) with male more than female. Superficial mycoses are often foundin students (26.9%), followed by unskilled workers (20.8%). Of the 1,236 new cases,125 patients had comorbidities, such as malignancy 21 (16.8%) patients,cerebrovascular disease and diabetes mellitus each 16 patients (7.4%). Inguinal andabdomen are the most commonly infected regions. 656 (53.1%) patients was giventopical antifungal. The most common topical antifungal was ketoconazole 2% cream(62%) and systemic antifungal was itraconazole (55,3%).Conclusion: Cases ofsuperficial mycoses, especially dermatophytosis and Malassezia were still commonlyfound, especially in Palembang.
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Develoux, M. "Traitement des mycoses rares en dehors des mycoses opportunistes." EMC - Maladies infectieuses 8, no. 1 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1166-8598(11)50190-5.
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Fatiha Bousnina, Oumaima Nassiri, Oumaima kharkhach, Asmae Rhoubi, Samira Laghzaoui, and Aziza Hami. "Epidemiological and mycological profile of superficial mycoses in diabetic patient." World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 17, no. 3 (2024): 067–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.3.0075.
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Introduction: Superficial mycoses, especially those of nails, scalp and skin, are very common in various countries. The presence of specific terrain, as well as other factors, can affect the prevalence of these. In this sense, diabetic patients are more susceptible to infections especially fungal infections because of changes in the immune system and macro and microvascular changes. The objective of our study was to determine the epidemiological and mycological profile of superficial mycoses in diabetic patients at the Mohammed VI Hospital in Oujda (Morocco). Material and methods: This is a retrospective, observational and descriptive study spread over 34 months, from January 2021 to October 2023 at the Parasitology-Mycology laboratory of the Mohammed VI Hospital Center of Oujda. We collected demographic and mycological data for the included patients. In the laboratory, upon reception of the samples, a direct examination (DE) of the sample was obtained after clarification by KOH to better visualize the mycelial filaments or yeasts and culture on both media: Sabouraud with chloramphenicol and Sabouraud with chloramphenicol and cycloheximide is systematically carried out. Results: We collected 136 diabetic patients referred to our laboratory for suspicion of superficial mycosis. The latter was confirmed in 46 of the 136 diabetic patients (33.82%) referred to our laboratory, which corresponds to 50 lesions among the 166 sites taken, a prevalence of 30.12%. At the mycological examination, the DE allowed the confirmation of the diagnosis of mycoses in 64% (n=32) and showed most often mycelial filaments (n=21; 65.62%) especially at the level of the feet and yeasts were observed in particular at the level of the nails of the hands (n=11; 34.37%). While culture was positive in all cases without exception (100%; n=50), dermatophytes were the most frequently isolated fungi (n=30; 60%), followed by yeasts (n=20; 40%). By species, T. rubrum (n=30; 60%) was the only isolated dermatophyte species, followed by Candida albicans (n=17; 34%). Conclusion: In recent years, we have seen an increase in the prevalence of superficial mycoses in diabetic patients which is why we conducted this study. The results show on the one hand that the most isolated fungi in the superficial mycoses of these patients are dominated by dermatophytes, as T. rubrum represents the most frequently encountered species. Furthermore, the high prevalence of the latter demonstrates the significance of implementing important prevention measures.
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Nakhli, Raja, Mohamed Sbai, Salma Rouhi, Redouane Moutaj, and El Mostafa El Mezouari. "Superficial Mycosis at the Avicenne Military Hospital in Marrakesh: 5-Years Review." Saudi Journal of Medicine 7, no. 1 (2022): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjm.2022.v07i01.009.
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Superficial mycosis were diagnosed in 1231 cases, a prevalence of 62.07%. The average age of the patients was 45 years, the sex ratio M/F was 1.19. The majority of the patients were followed as outpatients (96.99%). Of all superficial mycosis, onychomycosis was the most frequent with a rate of 52.32%, followed by epidermomycosis (37.44%), scalp mycosis (8.37%), oral mycosis (1.71%) and genital mycosis (0.16%). Dermatophytes were the most isolated (85.05%), followed by yeasts (13.65%), molds (1.30%). The main dermatophytic species were represented by Trichophyton rubrum (80.99%), followed by Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. interdigitale (8.88%) and Microsporum canis (6.59%). The most common yeasts found were Candida albicans (67.86%), followed by Malassezia furfur (22.02%). Scopulariopsis brevicaulis was the most isolated mold (68.75%). At the end of this study we conclude that mycological examination is essential in the management of patients with superficial mycoses; which must also include the elimination of favourable factors in order to avoid recurrence.
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A. MD, Arunraj, Selvi R. MD, and Ponnammal P. MD. "A CLINICO INVESTIGATIVE AND MYCOPATHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF FUNGI CAUSING SUBCUTANEOUS INFECTIONS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 03 (2022): 394–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/14402.
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Background & Objectives: Subcutaneous mycoses comprise a heterogeneous group of fungal infection. They are characterized by development of lesions at the site of inoculation of fungi in the subcutaneous tissues. Immunocompromised patients are at increased risk of infections. The main subcutaneous mycoses are Mycetoma, Chromoblastomycosis, Phaeohyphomycosis, Sporotrichosis followed by Rhinosporidiosis, Subcutaneous phycomycosis and lacaziosis. This study was planned with the aim of determining the prevalence, etiological agents of subcutaneous mycoses and their Clinicopathological profile. Materials And Methods: A total of 40 consecutive patients with clinically suspected subcutaneous mycoses attending various departments of Govt. Stanley Medical College and Hospital were included in this Cross sectional study. Fungi were identified by Direct microscopy in 10 and 40 % KOH, histopathological examination of biopsied tissue, colony characteristics on Sabourauds dextrose agar media both at 25 and 37 °C and detailed morphology of each fungus on Lactophenol cotton blue mount. Results: The percentage of Subcutaneous mycoses among fungal infections was 2.11%. Of the 40 cases of subcutaneous mycoses, 16 cases of Phaeohyphomycosis (40%), 12 cases of Mycetoma (30%), 10 cases of Chromoblastomycosis (25%) and 2 cases of Rhinosporidiosis (5%) were identified. In this study, 14 different species of fungus were found to be responsible for subcutaneous infections. Interpretation &Conclusion: The prevalence of Subcutaneous mycoses in this region is 2.11% of total fungal cases. Higher incidence of infections were noticed in the age group of 41-60. Comorbidities plays a crucial role in disease progression. Clinical suspicion, early laboratory confirmation of diagnosis and appropriate treatment is crucial in these infections. Clinicians must be aware of the clinical presentations of subcutaneous mycoses. Timely diagnosis will prevent chronic morbidity in patients.
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Popova, A. Yu, A. V. Toporkov, A. V. Lipnitsky, N. V. Polovets, and D. V. Viktorov. "SPREAD OF ESPECIALLY DANGEROUS MYCOSES IN THE WORLD." Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology, no. 3 (June 28, 2016): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2016-3-120-126.
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Contemporary information on the spread in the world of especially dangerous mycoses - coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis and paracoccidioidomycosis are presented in the review. Sources and infection routes of causative agents of these diseases are examined, clinical forms of mycoses are briefly characterized. An increase of morbidity due to them over the last decade is noted. A necessity of timely diagnostics of imported mycoses outside endemic regions is underscored.
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Kutasevych, Yanina, I. O. Oliinyk, and K. G. Suprun. "PREVENTION OF FUNGAL INFECTION OF THE FEET." Dermatology and Venerology, no. 3 (2021): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33743/2308-1066-2021-3-12-15.
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The objective of the work: to study the antifungal activity in vitro and to determine the effectiveness of using the spray containing 0.2% climbazole for the prevention of fungal infections of the feet. Materials and methods. 47 patients were under observation who received treatment at the clinic of the State Establishment «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine» for mycosis of the feet and were discharged in a state of recovery, confirmed by mycological negativity. When discharged, patients with a preventive purpose were recommended to apply a spray containing 0.2% climbazole (Mycosan spray) to dry and clean skin twice a day for 30 days with a five-day break for two months. Control of microscopic examination for fungi was carried out once every 2 weeks for two months. To study the protective antifungal activity of the spray in vitro studies were carried out with cultures of yeast-like fungi (Candida spp., strain No. 491) and dermatophytes (Trichophyton rubrum, strain No. 181). Results. The article reveals the relevance of the topic, describes the probable causes of relapses and reinfections of a fungal infection of the feet, indicates ways to prevent these causes. The emphasis is placed on the fact that the main goal of therapeutic and prophylactic measures for fungal infection is the early detection and adequate treatment of patients with mycoses and onychomycosis, as well as the development of fundamentally new means of prevention, one of which is the spray containing 0.2% of climbazole, related to group of azoles which has a fungistatic effect, has a low level of resistance, provides protection and care for the skin of the feet. Conclusions. Studies have shown that Mycosan spray inhibits the growth of pathogenic dermatophytes and yeast-like fungi in vitro. During the observation of 47 patients in the stage of clinical and mycological recovery for two months, infection of the fungal infection of the feet was not observed in a single patient. The spray containing 0.2% of climbazole can be used as an individual prevention of infection and reinfection, as well as an effective addition to the complex therapy of patients with mycoses and onychomycosis of the feet.
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Almeida-Paes, Rodrigo, Andrea Reis Bernardes-Engemann, Beatriz da Silva Motta, et al. "Immunologic Diagnosis of Endemic Mycoses." Journal of Fungi 8, no. 10 (2022): 993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8100993.
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The endemic mycoses blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, paracoccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, sporotrichosis, talaromycosis, adiaspiromycosis, and emergomycosis are mostly caused by geographically limited thermally dimorphic fungi (except for cryptococcosis), and their diagnoses can be challenging. Usual laboratory methods involved in endemic mycoses diagnosis include microscopic examination and culture of biological samples; however, serologic, histopathologic, and molecular techniques have been implemented in the last few years for the diagnosis of these mycoses since the recovery and identification of their etiologic agents is time-consuming and lacks in sensitivity. In this review, we focus on the immunologic diagnostic methods related to antibody and antigen detection since their evidence is presumptive diagnosis, and in some mycoses, such as cryptococcosis, it is definitive diagnosis.
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Kruglova, L. S., and R. Yu Mayorov. "Mycoses of the skin: Issues of effective therapy." Medical alphabet 1, no. 27 (2022): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2022-27-24-28.
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A practicing physician always faces a rather difficult task when choosing a topical drug for the treatment of mycoses, while the optimal ratio of efficacy/safety and a wide spectrum of action, including against possible contamination by various pathogens, can be considered a priority factor. Sertaconazole (Zalain) is a highly active broad-spectrum antifungal drug that has fungicidal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antipruritic effects.Material and methods. On an outpatient basis, under our supervision were 25 patients aged 42 to 76 years with a verified diagnosis of foot mycosis, confirmed by microscopic and cultural methods. All patients were prescribed Zalain cream 2 times a day for 4 weeks.Results. After therapy (4 weeks), pathogenic fungi (T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale) were not sown in 92% of patients during a cultural study. 8% of patients with no laboratory cure were recommended to continue sertaconazole therapy for 2–4 weeks until complete eradication of pathogenic fungi. Long-term results of observations (6 months) showed no recurrence of the disease in 100% of patients.Conclusions. The high efficacy and safety of Zalain in the treatment of skin mycoses has been proven in numerous studies and confirmed by real clinical practice, which allows us to recommend it for the treatment of patients with this pathology, including in cases of secondary infection and eczematization.