Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mythe – Aspect social – 20e siècle'
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Kirchner, Daniela. "Le mythe populaire de l'Amérique dans l'Italie de l'entre-deux-guerres à l'après-guerre : littérature, chanson, cinéma." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100021.
Full textThe Italian myth of America permeates all the classes of Italian society and fascinates intellectuals and peasants alike. This thesis deliberately focuses on the popular myth of America and not on the intellectual one. It studies that dream which motivated many peasants to emigrate all the way from southern Italy to America. That same dream grew in the minds of those people who did not make it and were left behind to feed on it. A variety of real experiences, impressions and dreams are reflected through different media such as literature, popular songs, cinema, America jazz and italo-american jargon. These constitute an image, which is often ambiguous and contradictory. Dominated by the undeniable reality of emigration and by the hope of the emigrant for a better world, the popular Italian image of America reveals itself real and idealized, concrete and fantastic, bitter and sweet. The study in depth of this particular myth and its cultural reality helps us also to understand the existence and possible effects of similar myths which are present in other countries and other cultures
Stavropoulou, Dimitra. "Les stars masculines de cinéma comme mythes et symboles dans la société contemporaine." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05H049.
Full textRogerat, Marie-Claude. "L'artiste : des représentations, un mythe : étude de l'évolution des représentations de l'artiste au XXème siècle dans la société française, vue à travers les biographies de peintres." Besançon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BESA1013.
Full textThis research work is based upon the study of Van Gogh's, Lautrec's and Monet's biographies. It aims to bring to light the process of setting up of the collective representations people have towards artists. The artist ist mostly regarded as an outstanding, mythical character : this image is being widely spread and leans on the oldest myths and on the 19th century's literature as well. Those lives, conveyors of myth and of sacred, seem to focus the needs of a world in quest of concrete marks, but in quest of dream and imaginativeness too, those marks being the architects of social relationship inside an individualistic, unmoved and anomic society. The purpose of this research is to reveal how one society, during one definite period, can built an image of the artist, according to the values and the ideology which enliven it. An historical study about biographies of artists, added to an analytic work about both contend and form of the stories enable to get to the knowledge of those values
Jeusette, Julien. "Le mouvement-liberté. Généalogie philosophique et littéraire d'un imaginaire politique (1897-2017)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC262.
Full textThis dissertation is at the crossroads of three fields of research (literature, philosophy, history of ideas); it aims to understand the way in which, at a given moment of our History, uprooting, nomadism and wandering have been positively evaluated, while immobility and settled modes of life have been denigrated. These particular evaluations form a political imaginary, insofar as they underlie a specific conception of power (conceived as capacity to block, to freeze) and a specific (spatial) conception of freedom. This political imaginary, which we called "movement-as-freedom" (any axiological discourse valuing absolute movement and devaluing immobility, rootedness), emerges in André Gide's Nourritures Terrestres and in Nietsche’s Zarathustra at the end of the nineteenth century. We then show that this discourse is amplified during the years 1920-1930, especially in the texts that we called "novels of flight"; the third part of the thesis deals with the years 1960-1970 and highlights the discursive redundancy of "movement-as-freedom" within the French theory. While these first three parts retrace the constitution and the evolution of this minoritarian political imaginary, the fourth and last part seeks to think the recuperation of this discourse by the neoliberal logic. Indeed, this once politically critical discourse is now recuperated by neoliberalism, which praises mobility and despises stability. We focus on this ironic reversal in our last chapter. The genealogy we propose allows us to grasp important changes in the history of subjectivity and politics
Bruschi, Filippo. "Personnage collectif, personnage individuel : Tableau d'un parcours dialectique (1830-1930)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030047/document.
Full textCollective Character, Individual Character: Scenes of a Dialectical Journey (1830-1930) At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the introduction of the people into the social and artistic scene marks the end of the "era of the individual". Henceforth, it is the question of totality that is affirmed in all fields and that imposes in the dramatic field a new relation between individual and collective characters. The latter are for Goethe, Baudelaire and Wagner the occasion for a dialectic tension susceptible to generate new theatrical forms. It will be the Naturalist School (from Zola to Hauptmann) which favours more openly this articulation in making the milieu itself an actor. The antithesis of the first movement is instigated by symbolism, which claims the same desire to go past conventions, but through the invention of character-myths and of polymorphous choralités exiled from any socio-historical reality. While Maeterlinck and Claudel show the limits of this model, other persuasions (Mallarmé) conceive the essence of theatre as one of a dialogue between the hero and the crowd against the backdrop of a social ritual in the process of transformation. With Italian futurism and Apollinaire this ritualism reaches its point of incandescence and claims a fully assumed fusion of the individual and the collective. Far from the these provocative syntheses, Pirandello, Ibsen and the expressionists will devote themselves to throwing light on the now opressive role of the collective on the individual character. Taking note of this reversal of hierarchical and dialectical relations in drama, does not Brecht’s theatre offer the alternative of a more dynamique and less deadly collusion between individual and collective characters?
Aribit, Frédéric. "André Breton, Georges Bataille : à l'impossible tenus... : essai d'une confrontation interprétative des romans familiaux jusqu'à la seconde guerre mondiale." Pau, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PAUU1005.
Full textThe aim that has been given to this work is to start one more time the comparison between André Breton and Georges Bataille, starting from the premise of an original way of communication whose direct dialogue is but one of the forms, and trying to clarify its issues in the successively concerned fields of knowledge. Its –diachronic- reasoning starts from the family novels and ends at the beginning of World War II, after a community fervour on each side collapsed, opening a completely different period of the same exchange. It thus goes through a wide period of the history of that comparison, which, among others, deals with the conditions in which they met, how they met with psychoanalysis, the way their philosophical positioning or their ideological inscription on the fringe of the revolutionary left developed. This general approach helps think again about, among others, two especially crucial moments of the discussion, i. E. The violent climax of their 1929-1930 disagreement, and their 1935 attempt to get closer again, on the basis of a political reactivation of the myth. More generally, it invites to ask the question of the relationship to language and poetry, and questions about the incentive to write, suggesting at the same time a crossed foray into the major narrative works of the time. Such a work, as it seems, goes beyond the “literary thing” in the strict sense of the term, or rather takes its place at the meeting point of a set of topics related to the social sciences (philosophy, politics, psychoanalysis, art…), precisely where the global thought about man that each of them will have decided to lead is fixed
Serra, Georges. "Le mythe littéraire de Barcelone." Toulon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUL3001.
Full textThis thesis intends to analyse the picture of Barcelona as it was drawn by foreign writers and artists, but also by Spanish and Catalan ones (photographers, plastic-artists) between 1909 and 1992; those two dates refer to two major historic events in Catalonia : the rebellion of the so called "Tragic week" and the Olympic Games. This work is in keeping with that of such specialists in comparative literature as Daniel-Henri Pageaux who showed how the image can reveal the "witnessing" culture. That approach enables one to use a variety of criticism tools : Sociological Approach of Literature (Lukacs), Symbolism of space (Bachelard), mythological criticism (Pierre Brunei). In book 1, our purpose is to show how the myth of Barcelona is linked with the topography (both an old underground city with its labyrinths and a modern one designed to be a Garden-City) and how writers, mainly foreign ones, pursued their search of Orient, according the XTXth century tradition, on a truly epic journey. By referring to the worst parts of the city (Barrio chino) and thence putting them forward, writers turned Barcelona into a damned city like Babylon or Ninive. In book II, we underline how Barcelona became the original city for narrators and protagonists and in the meantime the city of decay in the tradition of both Huysmans and Lorrain : the city of full freedom. The status of the hero is indeed that of a runaway in search of a shelter in a fancied « somewhere else». In that book we also understand how Catalan writers and artists approach that world. Eventually, in book IIT, we can study the impact of history on the city. Barcelona seen as a libertarian city by foreign writers (first third of the XXth century) or as a city that was deprived of its own memory by Barcefonian writers after the Civil War; it is also perceived as a post-modern, uniform city (during the 80's) deprived of its myths by detective novels as the Olympic Games approached, but it keeps its identity, its way of being Catalan
Ruffier, Arnaud. "To'y, gap, ziyofat et bayram, espaces de constructions des identités et de solidarités en Ouzbékistan." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0128.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to explain why the Uzbek's celebrations are representative of the structures and values of the society which perform them. By studyinng their celebrations one can begin to understand how a society which was considered tribal at the begining of the 20th century transformed and adapted itself under the soviet regime which not only promoted a communist ideology but also a nation-state concept
Jacques, Catherine. "Les féministes et le changement social en Belgique (1918-1968) : Programmes, stratégies et réseaux." Angers, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ANGE0063.
Full textVogin, Magali. "Fonctions du mythe dans le cinéma italien de 1960 à 1975 : volonté de détour ou évasion illusoire ?" Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10091.
Full textMeschia, Karen. "Meres et enfants : une etude comparee des representations de la maternite en france et en angleterre." Toulouse 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU20092.
Full textAlthough giving birth is a biological act, the attitudes and behaviour surrounding the birth and upbringing of children are culturally, socially and historically situated. An analysis of the discourse of two groups of mothers, one frence, one english reveals the existence of two different constructions of the maternal role and the needs of young children
Ordioni, Natacha. "L'état de touristicité : analyse de la rationalisation et des transformations du voyage et des pratiques touristiques des français." Aix-Marseille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX10019.
Full textThe research analyses the evolution of the forms of the french touristic practices. The apparition of a touristic time and its diffusion among the society is described and explained. Step by step, a rational administration of the touristic space becomes organized, which embodies for instance in the experts or scientific discourses. The actual and contemporary practices of french tourists are analyzed through a secondary exploitation of statistic data from the national institute of statistics and economic studies (insee), relating to french holidays during the year 1990. Finally, the touristic trip constitues the actualization of a mental disposition based on distance and unconcern, closely related to social conditions of urban life, a disposition which impregnates most of everyday practices
Iroko, Abiola Félix. "Les Cauris en Afrique Occidentale : du 10e au 20e siècle." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010567.
Full textFathalla, Anna. "La peinture irakienne reflet de la société." Toulouse 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU20064.
Full textIn Iraq the painting represents an important aspect of the culture of country. By their perseverance, their artistic research and their thought ideological, which refers to the fundaments of the Mesopotamia and Islamic civilization and conscious of the social, culture and politic reality, the contemporary painters ot the twentieth century contributed of the change of custom and to the modernity of their country who knew the decline during the ottoman time of the empire. Their painting which reflects their soul the reality of the Iraqi society, carries a message for this society, considered conservative and underdeveloped. The preoccupation of the Iraqi painter is to approach more the art in the society, which is the main source of this inspiration. The work, which the interest and the particular approach of the creator, confirms the affection in the sociey. Filled in his culture of six times millennium, the contemporary Iraqi painter tries to give the originality and the peculiarity to his work, and make it an instrument of communication and a mirror reflecting the reality of the individual and the society
Nejmi, El-Houssine. "Les mutations de l'espace social à Casablanca et dans sa périphérie urbaine : recherche sur les ménages, les logements et les équipements collectifs." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010599.
Full textKuzmina, Irina. "Inscription du mythe dans le roman français, anglo-saxon et russe du XXe siècle." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005VERS005S.
Full textThe thesis Presence of Myth in 20th Century French, American and Russian Literature (Michel Butor's “L'Emploi du temps”, Aldous Huxley's “Brave New World” and Vladimir Nabokov's “Lolita”) is consecrated to the presence of myth referring to the sacred in modern western literature. It is a comparative study of the labyrinth image transcribing itself, in particular, through labyrinth writing, which substitutes itself to three other myths found in the analised novels – Saturn coming from the Latin heritage, Lilith stemming from Biblical and Judaic culture, and Utopia, universal archetype with its countless metamorphosis in Western culture. Such a comparison is possible within the framework of Semiotic studies considering myth, like any language, as a secondary semiological system basing on the paradigmatic nature of the sign
Lévy, Alain. "Topologie sociale d'une migration familiale (Egypte, Algérie, France, Grande-Bretagne, Brésil, 1922-1990)." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070058.
Full textThis thesis is meant to suggest a reflection on the circumstances making for cultural pluralism. Starting with the monographic study of an extended family of alexandrian jews - whose story is recounted from the beginings of the xxth century to present day when it split u, some branches moving into england, brazil or france- this work proceeds to distinguish the values and trends or a "philosophy" avored the protagonists of that story in the course of their meandering journey. The descriptio - of the various backgrounds to their lives - the cosmopolitan and peaceful alexandri a of the first half of the xxth century, the colonial circles of southern egypt, the last days of colonial algeria enables to recpature both the economic, political and geopolitical, social and cross-cultural relationships underlying t the situations, and the experiences lived in those respectiv contexte, out of which is taking shape a way of benaving an d looking at things that paves the way for a soothed rapport with otherness
Ouma, Arnold Juma Makhondo. "L'impact de l'entreprise ferroviaire K. U. R. Sur les populations du Kenya de 1902 à 1963." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010538.
Full textOur study examins the history of the Kenya and Uganada railways (K. U. R. ); its economic exploitation and socio-economic transformations provoked in oriental Africa in general and particularly in Kenya. The study associates land and the railroad. It proposes to examin the british motivations, the settlement of the colonial masters and the expropriation of land that resulted, the conflicts and changes in the populations of Kenya since 1902 to 1963, period of the economic and social independence of the country. The study equally examines the role of the Europeans and Indian coolies in the history of K. U. R. Railroad enterprises
Burlakova, Maria McConaghy. "Art et commerce : développements, collaborations et conséquences de la révolution industrielle à nos jours." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010564.
Full textGineste, Muriel. "Les formes sociales de l'équilibre alimentaire : du repas méridien à la journée alimentaire : les formes de régulation des français actifs." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20051.
Full textIs a sociological definition of a well-balanced diet possible ? Some people will answer that it is a myth, a concept devoid of any meaning, a screen behind which we are supposed to protect ourselves from a modern way of eating which has fallen into decay. Paradoxically, the quality of food has never been so secure. The nutritious comfort we are now experiencing enables us to debate on its quality that is beyond the reach of the majority of the world's population. This pessimistic interpretation contributes to the image of a modern eater who behaves like an intuitive, impulsive even compulsive "zapper". Our interpretation is totally different. The meaning of what people experience daily through what they say and do, is the basis on which we have developed our analysis. Indeed, we've had the opportunity to study what people do in a context of self-service in which they can compose and create their own menu. After expanding our investigation to in-between meals eating habits and within the domestic sphere, we then possessed a wider range of investigation thanks to the diversity of the behaviours studied. It was particularly interesting to reconstruct the complex mechanism of this quest for a well-balanced diet. If the media are still looking for a recipe of a perfect nutrition, the reality of every day life is much more prosaic and the objective is rather to maintain a relative balance. The quest for balance is nothing but this complex mechanism of regulation, planning and projection that the eater imagines, produces and capitalizes. It is a permanent compromise between principles, know-how and the confrontation with food in both a determined and determining situation. This capacity to elaborate a daily regulation beyond the food crisis and the debate on globalisation and the ability to project oneself in the long-term makes the eater a rational individual. This quest for a well-balanced diet is not a meaningless concept but a tangible reality
Evdoxia, Katla. "Modèles culturels de l'habitat grec contemporain." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA070004.
Full textAn effort to discover the cultural models of the contemporary Greek habitat. Analysis of forty non-directional interviews realized in Athens, Lamia (provincial town), Aspra Spitia (private workers' town of Pechiney)and Larymna (workers'town of Larko), in flats and individual dwellings. The first part is dedicated to the conditions of housing in Greece (economic and demographic evolution during the 20th century, present situation, architectural evolution in individual houses and multiple dwellings. In the second part, we proceed to a comparison of individual houses and multiple dwellings, examining: a) the appropriation of space and the property (space personal marks, maintenance and house keeping - clean and unclean - interior lay out and private corners). B) the living spaces (front and back, kitchen and dining room, reception spaces bedrooms, verandas, yards and garden). C) Home and social relations (being at home, neighborhood relations). Finally, we examine the aspirations related to habitat. In the conclusions, we are regrouping our previous observations based on the analysis of our interviews
Roulet, Pierre-Armand. ""Chasseur blanc, coeur noir" ? La chasse sportive en Afrique Centrale : une analyse de son rôle dans la conservation de la faune sauvage et le développement rural au travers des programmes de gestion de la chasse communautaire." Orléans, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ORLE1053.
Full textThe interdisciplinary thesis analyses the role of sport hunting in the programmes of participative management of wildlife in Central Africa, more particularly on two pilot sites (northern Central African Republic and south-east Cameroon). Over the course of the 20th century, sport hunting evolved greatly through the joint processes of "democratisation", professionalisation and internationalisation of its protagonists. These days, safari operators can play a major role in conservation, notably owing to their spatial control of sizeable cynegetic zones, globally sustainable harvesting and a sound capacity to look after and defend the natural environment. This statement can, however, only be fully appreciated when the activity of safari operators plays a part in programmes linking the state, specific projects and the local population. The analysis of the techniques, ideology and discourse of safari guides and those of their clients reveals the antinomy of their ideas of safari as well as the onset of a nostalgia for colonial hunting. We note also the surprising fact that the "great white hunters" often fit better into the rural socio-cultural context than do other non-indigenous protagonists. Finally, if the economic argument presenting sport hunting as a signifiant tool in programmes of participative management of wildlife remains valid, it is nevertheless essential not to overlook the conceptual and technical limits of the proposed models, as well as the very real stakes lying behind the appropriation of the land and resources
Weygand, Zina. "La cécité et les aveugles dans la société française : représentations et institutions du Moyen-âge aux premières années du XIXe siècle." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010573.
Full textThis historical study challenges the notion that the difficulties blind people face today in integrating themselves into society are unique to the twentieth century. It seeks to show the reciprocal, yet non-simultaenous influence between representations on the one hand and social treatment on the other, of blindness and the blind in france. The explorations of the sensualist philosophes and shifting attitudes concerning deficient senses, that lay at the heart of the eighteenth century, constitute a crucial period in the history of the blind ; the creation in Paris in 1785 by Valentin Haüy and the societe philanthropique of the world's first institution for the collective education of the blind of the indigent class, challenged the existence of a charitable institution that had existed since the thirteenth century : the hospital of the quinze-vingts, which favoured the persistence of old ideas that considered poor blind people incapable of becoming socially integrated through education and work. Also, in october 1800, the government, mindful of its budget and not willing to acknowledge the fundamental differences between the two institutions, ordered that the old and new be fused together, to create a modem charity workshop. The vagaries of post-revolutionary French politics, along with the persistence of old attitudes toward the blind, would not prevent the innovations born of french enlightenment from being diffused gradually throughout europe in the beginning years of the nineteenth century
Segaud, Marion. "Esquisse d'une sociologie du goût en architecte." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100122.
Full textValognes, Stéphane. "De l'espace usinier aux nouveaux territoires urbains : mémoires collectives, projets urbains, appropriation de l'espace." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0050.
Full textWhat are interactions between urban traces, groups and urban projects, in renewal of wastelands ? How architects and planners design the urban future ? Three examples are developed in this work : the former industrial area of Société Métallurgique de Normandie near Caen, the Nantes Island in Nantes, and the former central harbour area in Bordeaux. After the analyse of urban forms's heritage, we examine the ability of urban projects to play a role in the production of new urban morphology and new space appropriations
Román, Morales Luis Ignacio. "Industrialisation, emploi et relations de travail au Mexique (une relecture du XXème siècle à partir de la théorie de la régulation)." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070013.
Full textDuring the twentieth century, the development of employment in mexico is characterized by the coexistence of various forms of working activities gathered around the expansion of salaried forms of work. On the other hand, this coexistence has caused the reproduction of precarious forms of production relations, mainly in rural regions and in the tertiary sector of economy. The state has directed the mode of regulation which has given rise to the mentioned forms of working activities thus pushing industrialization, the increase of salariat and urbanization. Moreover, this mode of regulation has split the development into various processes following different paces, resulting in the failure of the system of accumulation of the early eighties
Gournay, Aurélia. "Don Juan en France au XXe siècle : réécritures d'un mythe." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00975274.
Full textJonveaux, Isabelle. "L'économie des monastères : recomposition d'une utopie dans la modernité religieuse en comparaison européenne." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0116.
Full textMonastic utopia integrates of necessity economic activities which it tries to deny because off it religious character. Monks spread then an arsenal of strategies of reorganization to reconcile economy and religious life. These tensions between work and prayer are essential of the monastic life, but modernity and secularization of society bring with them new data who require monks a more successful economy. The social background which defines the status of the monk depends on each country, and the European comparison between France, Italy, Germany and Belgium allows to determine the intrinsic characteristics of the monastic economy and those which are contingent, according to place and period in whom it takes place. The more the monks seem extraworldly, the more their products win in symbolic value, so building a charismatic economy. Although in theory outside the world, the monastery is not nevertheless hermetic to its outside environment. Even, we can observe offers and demands between society and monasteries, this last one answers to demands of tradition and natural which society is expecting. Role of monks in the religious modernity thus recomposes around a new charisma which is not only religious. Unlike to the institutional Church, monks keep more credibility thanks to the other canals of communications which they can develop with the world, in particular by economy
Petit, Céline Danielle. "Jouer pour être heureux : pratiques ludiques et expressions du jeu chez les Inuit de la région d'Iglulik (Arctique oriental canadien) du XIXe siècle à nos jours." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/26829/26829.pdf.
Full textPlaying for happiness and good fortune. Ludic practices and the significance of play among the Inuit of the Iglulik region (Eastern Canadian Arctic). This study deals with some of the uses of play (as a way of acting and interacting) among the Inuit of the Iglulik region in the Eastern Canadian Arctic. It examines diachronically various games practiced by the Iglulingmiut (including both children and adults), in order to identify continuities and changes in the forms of play developed in Iglulingmiut society before and after historical ruptures such as the conversion to Christianity and especially, the transition from a semi-nomadic life based on hunting to a settled life characterized by integration to the wider market economy. Observing that many descriptions made by the explorers and the ethnographers of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries emphasized the importance of ludic practices in the everyday life of the Inuit groups met in this part of the Canadian Arctic, this research further reflects on the significance of play among the Iglulingmiut, both in socialization processes and in ritual gatherings serving to ensure the reproduction of the group or the cohesion and continuity of the « community », from semi-nomadic times until today.
Couton, Valérie. "L'art contemporain amérindien au Canada : essai d'analyse d'un mouvement artistique." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/couton_v.
Full textLa, Fuente Hernandez Juan de. "Réaménagement social dans la campagne mexicaine à l'aube du nouveau siècle : la comercializadora agropecuaria de occidente (Comagro)." Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20041.
Full textThe general subject of this thesis is the social recomposition of the mexican rural environement in the last decade of the twentieth century. The theme tackled here is more specifically the emergence and the reconfiguration of social actors through the case of the Comercializadora Agropecuaria de Occidente : Comagro. The collective action is the focus of this study. The relevance of the research is the construction of an interpretation of the collective action which involves two types of interactions : the ones taking place between the organisation and the environment, and the ones of governing which in the Comagro case was based on the assumption of decision being made consensually. This study will more particulary explore consensus as a form of governing in the farmers' organisation
Castillo, Fadic Gabriel. "Identité et altérité dans la musique américaine du XXe siècle au sud du Rio Bravo." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010511.
Full textThe complex status of American art results from the fact that it represents both a projection of the occident and the scene of all its othernesses. The duality of the social, historical, political and economical plans that it implies shows itself in modalities of unstable compositions because of its submission to a double particularity. On the one hand, they express a tendency to adhere to european writing styles reproduced in local versions which are dissociated from the original contexts and their historic contigency. On the other hand, they prove to be incapable of dealing with the permanent contact with musical systems that stand outside the legitimacy parameters of the learned speech. This double conflict underscores the incomplete character of the aesthetic specification process within the society
Salhi, Mohamed Brahim. "Société et religion en Kabylie : 1850-2000." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030132.
Full textThis research is concerned with the relationship between society and religion in Kabylia with reference to the tradional trend and the reformist movement. The study further explores the changes in the areas which fall under the sway of reformist movement. For example, we wanted to question issue of Kabyle éducation in the first half of 20th Century. In this repect, the first thirteen chapters have been extended to two others chapters. These two chapters highlith the political struggles and Identity protest in Kabylia and focus on the intellectual and cultural elites who led them in the period between 1940 and 2001. This additional part is tightly linked to the other chapters as it extends the bounds between local and global issues, involving the crisis of modernity and the effects of modernization, and last, the nature of relationship between individual and his own self. Beside, we wanted to raise and treat the issue of social and political mediations starting from the analyis of recent and recurring protests in Kabylia
Polère, Cédric. "Construction locale de l'identité et universalisme en art : une sociologie des arts modernes et contemporains en Grèce." Grenoble 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE21009.
Full textIn the field of sociology of art, we have studied Greek art since the 1930's, with an important working of prospecting (since the creation of the Greek state), and taking into account the whole spectrum of Greek art and eventually an extent to social worlds which aren't correlated with Athenians elites (field studies in Thessaloniki - Lamia). Before, in a first theoretical part, we have studied the constellation of believes which determines our way of thinking art, associates the +great art; to very specific places in terms of representations (i. E. The international capitals of art), and implies that we can only think modem Greek art as a derivative one. From an in-depth investigation in Greece, we have studied how micro-local societies are defining art (we are interested in notions used in the characterization of works of art), and, by way of return, how they define themselves thanks to art, that is to say through the reception of the several currents in modern and contemporary Greek art. However, and that is our problematics, the building of local identity process is faced with phenomena, practices, representations questioning the necessary link between local art and local society (+xenokratia; of some elites, emigration of many artists, etc. ) This implied to take into account symbolic conflicts linked to the reception of artistic trends, and more generally connected to the definition of Greek identity through art, with an interaction between societal and political levels. We had to consider how a mechanism of the socialization of art had formed (art galleries, art press, etc. ) Incidentally our work, through empiric studies, suggests the irrelevancy of globalization theories as far as art is concerned
Berriri, Mohamed Taher. "La société tunisienne et le pain." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070012.
Full textAs is the case with other societies in developing countries, earning one's bread in Tunisia acquires an almost literal meaning when people talk of the daily difficulties of life. The main issue raised is that of food. The increase in bread (el khobza) prices is the main topic when people talk of the cost of life. It has indeed become the topic of discussion among people from all ranks because of the centrality of food in daily preoccupations. It is also the ideal theme to explore citizen's representations related to the role of the state in this field. I have tried in my research to provide a retrospective analysis of the place and role of bread in Tunisian society, drawing on past and actual points of view seeking to reveal the uninterrupted link between a tumultuous past and a future coloured by a persisting globalisation. In addition, I have attempted to contribute to the writing of historical sociology of a socio-cultural transfer regarding bread in Tunisia: its purchase, its production, its distribution, its prices, its rites and its implications in the social and moral order. In fact, in line with the aims of this piece of research, it has been found out that despite modes of structuration and restructuration and social regulations that are characteristic of the time or in face of different currents, social classes, in particular working and agricultural ones, which were rejected, claimed more and more social and political integration in the new societal entity by means of deviation, most notably by social movement Fighting for one s daily bread is one of the aspects of that claim. In this study, an analysis was made of those forms of tension, which generated a conflict between the state and society, and in which bread constituted the main leitmotiv, leaving Tunisian society in a tense situation. It was a must to wait for the socio-cultural and socio-economic changes of the 7 November 1987 for the situation to be transformed into a situation of concord, embracing tram a general and theoretical point of view all forms of solidarity (reciprocity and interdependence between men), thus allowing social capacity human creativity and the elaboration of all social modes of regulation between individuals and groups
Sacriste, Valérie. "Société et publicité : eenquête sur l'imaginaire social de l'automobile de 1899 à 1999 à travers la publicité Renault." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05H067.
Full textO'Brien, Castro Monia. "Les centres-villes défavorisés en Grande-Bretagne de 1960 à 1997 : déclin et rénovation." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100003.
Full textSince the 60s Great Britain has witnessed an increase in social ills and in poverty at all levels, especially in inner cities. The government and notably the conservatives, who ruled for 18 years, and the needy are responsible for this worrying situation, the former being, however, assuredly those who should be blamed. Therefore and nevertheless, numerous renovation programmes were launched between 1960 and 1997. The main subject of this thesis consists, after setting out the inns and outs of the question, the needs and the initiatives, in establishing whether these projects nonetheless were useful, and whether theirs results presented differences, depending on the zones in which they were set up. Moreover, in the event of some success, one will attempt to see if the situation of the people targeted improved. In point of fact, my intention is to demonstrate that in the end Britain did not resolve to carry out its duty
Hugot-Piron, Nathalie. "L'invention des « cadres de plus de 45 ans » : approche socio-historique d'une construction sociale (1920-1974)." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0012.
Full textThe current expression of "frames over 45 years" is not just a convenient formula to describe a cyclical phenomenon. Instead, it is an extremely complex sociological object, the epiphenomenon of a long union mobilization whose origins date back to the nineteenth century when the first forms of corporate solidarity emerged in the guise of "old comrades". This language production was organized in several evolutionary cycles discursive ("old comrades" / "senior engineers" / older managers ") that had the aim of protecting members of the group during their careers. But today the story of the past is very apparent, and it gradually cleared and no longer manifests itself not only through the emotion contained in the contemporary form. This is the issue of socio-historical thesis that make the past come back to a professional group through its collective memory to better understand its present
Mussat, Héloise Blanca. "Dynamique d'une transformation identitaire : le pentecôtisme wayuu à Skupana (Colombie) : étude ethnographique et sociologique." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN1554.
Full textJarrot, Sabine. "Vampires, de l'Autre à un autre soi-même : l'étude des mutations des caractéristiques du vampire littéraire du XIXe au XXe siècle comme appréhension de l'évolution de la société." Besançon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BESA1001.
Full textThis work on fantastic corpus lies within the scope of the sociology of art and culture. It deals with the comparison between the vampire's features (narration, social status, physical appearance, ways of protection and destruction) in the literature of the end of the 19th century and those of the 20th century. Tffls comparison shows that, during this period, the vampire has become more human. A sociological analysis of the evolution of the vampire's features makes it clear that literature and society evolve in the same direction actually a text from a given era becomes imbued with the state of mind and the major facts of this given era. I thus postulate that social matters can be found in the fantastic texts. The humanisation of the vampire with the concomitant identircation of the reader leads to two questions : does today society put up with the differences in a better way ? Has modern man become a monster ?
Sence-Herlihy, Julie. "L'adoption en Angleterre : histoire, enjeux et acteurs d'un véritable moteur social." Rennes 2, 2007. http://www.bu.univ-rennes2.fr/system/files/theses/thesesence.pdf.
Full textThe history of adoption in England has been on many winding paths from its first official legislation in 1926 to the most recent acts passed in 2002 and 2006 (Adoption and Children Act 2002 and Adoption of Children Act 2006). Such a long and eventful chronology reflects the genuine social force that lies behind the world of adoption. It is leading society to question its traditional views of the family and the values beset onto parents, parenting, and children. The actors of adoption are many: professionals – mainly social workers - have to strike a fair balance between the human aspect of each file they work on and their role as a go-between. They are facing numerous challenges today, as debates have arisen on transracial adoption, gay parenting, the publication of children's profiles on the internet, and the negative media perception of adoption. The actors of the adoption triangle (adopters, birth parents, and adoptees) also experience challenges as they have to deal with their search for origins and their sometimes unanswered questions, while finding their place within the family. « What is the legislative history of adoption in England? How do adoption professionals organise their work around the new trials they are facing? What are the views and the stakes lying at the heart of the adoption triangle? » - such are the many questions addressed in this dissertation
Legorreta, Díaz María del Carmen. "Organisation et changement dans les haciendas et communautés agraires de Los valles y cañadas d'Ocosingo, Chiapas, de 1930 à 1994." Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20040.
Full textThis thesis asks a central question: how was the regional organization and which changes have taken place in haciendas and communities of Los Valles and Cañadas of Ocosingo, Chiapas, between 1930 and 1994? From the interaction established between tzeltales Indians and members of the oligarchy who lived there, we notice two historic processes. The first one was the preservation of a shape of seigniorial organization during most of the XX th century. The second was the structural change of this organization going towards a modern society. This last one was an extremely difficult process which lasted more than 50 years. Our interpretation of analyzed period rests on the idea that both the processes of organization and those of the change depend on relations of power. In this prospect we notice that the element responsible for the management of the structural change was the gradual modifications of the political asymmetry enter Indian and the members of the oligarchy
On'Okundji, Okavu Ekanga Blaise. "Ethique négro-africaine et technoscience moderne : défi pour des nouvelles orientations dans l'Afrique contemporaine." Lyon 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO31004.
Full textDeep-rooted in "live metaphysics", the holiotic dimension of the negro-african universe, made of synergy and intelligence, convergence and membrality - that is to say of reciprocal interaction happens to be strongly shaken in an africa that more and more chooses occidental science and technics as a means to get out of the deadloks of underdevelopment. Nevertheless these science and technics are not "falling from the sky". They bear a history, tradition and culture. But they also drain their myths, beliefs and blindness. So true is it that adopting, adapting or transferring to africa what we will call techno-science do not go without raising new challenges. The future of man will not be technoscientific. The development of africa will be less a matter of competence and material means than that of ethics. Africa must invent and create for itself new paradigms of significance and new meanings out of the action of articulating rationalities and through the dynamics of contaries promised to improvement and to pluridimensionality. The fundamental project will have been to answer this question : "wich science for which africa"? a question culminating in this other one : "which ethics in an africa in quest of an authentic development"?
Zaccaria, Diego. "L'affiche de théâtre et l' "espace public" : la scène polonaise, française et italienne, des années 1960 à nos jours." Grenoble 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE29029.
Full textAzam, Martine. "Parcours d'artistes ou le talent en questions : la reconnaissance et l'artiste en Midi-Pyrénées." Toulouse 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU20031.
Full textThis work deals with the way distinctions are made between artists in gaining recognition. Its scope is the Midi- Pyrenees and the main characters are the artists living and working in this region. We will try to understand how artists build up careers which keep a more or less important distance with the dominant qualification circuit. The socio-historical analysis of the regional artistic life reveals two art worlds - a traditional one and a contemporary one - and for each of them a corresponding type of career. If the characteristics of these two worlds are close enough to the analyses made by r. Moulin on a national scale, the analysis at a regional level shows that an intermediary zone exists the nature of which is ambiguous. The specific forms of organization of this in-between area and the specific use made of it by the artists show that it is an evolving world. After dealing with the problem of the construction of recognition as a result of a collective build-up, the second part is dedicated to the recognition as a process in which the artist participates. The analysis aims at describing the procedures by which the artists get into contact with art professionals. The question of recognition thus posed ranks the artists among the work's first mediators and shows the way in which they participate in the collective construction of the talent attributed to them
Cherblanc, Jacques. "Théorisation ancrée du religieusement acceptable au Québec : le service d'animation spirituelle et d'engagement communautaire dans les écoles secondaires francophones de l'île de Montréal." Bordeaux 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR40015.
Full textVincent, Joris. "Le crochet, la passe et la mêlée : une histoire des techniques en rugby de 1845 à 1957." Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10206.
Full textSegui, Geneviève. "Socioanalyse des logiques d'adhésion des jeunesses ivoiriennes aux pratiques sportives (1960-2000)." Strasbourg 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR20076.
Full textThe goal of this exploratory research is to understand the impact of the social forces of modernity on young Ivorian. It is conducted with the object of analysing their relations with sport consumer services. Regarding the method, the ivorian sport structures and substructures were first assessed, then 709 young (259 females and 409 males) were asked to answeer a questionnaire and 15 interviews were conducted. .
Samaniego, M. Augusto. "Les stratégies syndicales de la "Central Unica de Trabadores de Chile" et l'action socio-politique des salariés (1953-1973)." Paris 8, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA081405.
Full textThe histoty of the cut (single chilean labor union federation) runs parallel to the exhaustion of a model of dependant capitalist accumu- lation (1953-1973). Methodologically,the analysis includes : a) the interaction between the party system and the unionized world;b) the interaction between cut's strategies and forms of organization. The cut promoted anti-capitalist changes. However,modernization implied new callenges linked to transition from pre-taylorism to taylorism within dominant oligopolic companies. The atomization of small and mid- size companies as well as unions increased. Though,so dis the cut, representing up to a 40% of the country labor force. Therefore,this dissertation discussed the history of the anticapitalist radicalization of chilean unionism during the gobal projects implemented by the political center (christian democratic party, since 1964) and the left (unidad popular, from 1970 until 1973). The collapse of the cut's l'union unity" strategies, within a national crisis context is analized in relation to the clash between the "gradualist" and"rupturist" strategies within the unidad popular coalition. As to unionism, the central object of analysis is the process of workers' participation in the management of social property area of the economy (aps : 1970-1973)
Blanc, Nathalie. "La nature dans la cité." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010509.
Full textThis research concerns the place allocated to nature in the citi today. We try to understand if the unsignificant role nature has in urban geography today extends to the thinking of the city. Besides we tempt to reintroduce nature in the geographical analysis through the study of the relation man animal