Academic literature on the topic 'Mythology, Congolese (Democratic Republic)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Mythology, Congolese (Democratic Republic)"
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Luhahi, Jacqueline Nembe Songu. "Leadership of University Women for Development in the Democratic Republic of Congo." African and Asian Studies 14, no. 3 (August 5, 2015): 189–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341340.
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As perceived protectors of the Congolese cultures figuratively and realistically and agents of positive economic and social changes, the role and the place of the Congolese women in general in the development schemes cannot be denied. However, intellectual debates about what the Congolese society at large expects the Congolese university women to contribute to the discourses about development and its various models have not been systematically studied. While, for instance, the discourse about the parity between women and men in the workplace is being promoted by the government, the studies on gender in higher education is still in its infancy. This study investigates women’s role within the context of the evolution of educational systems and their values since the Belgian administration. It examines educational policies in relationship to the models of development that both colonial and post-colonial administrations formulated and implemented. Although the study is essentially a reflection, putting an emphasis on conceptualization and theories, it is also supported by historical and cultural arguments and propositions. It is argued that the Congolese university women have ‘citizenry responsibility’ and ‘university education and engagement’ to propose new leadership role in development. Using historical-structuralist perspectives as developed in social sciences at large, I analyze further the issue of the nature of the relationship between the place and the role of university and that of leadership and development. I raise the issue of whether or not the Congolese university women’s leadership matters in the search for developmental models in the Congo.
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Rich, Jeremy. "Zaire for Jesus: Ford Philpot’s Evangelical Crusades in the Democratic Republic of Congo, 1966-1978." Journal of Religion in Africa 43, no. 1 (2013): 4–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700666-12341242.
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Abstract This essay explores how Congolese Protestants developed a partnership with Kentucky-born Methodist evangelist Ford Philpot from 1966 to 1978. Philpot’s revival tours allowed Congolese clergy to negotiate as equals with U.S. Protestants, marking a major change from the dominant role of missionaries prior to independence in 1960. During and after Philpot’s crusades Congolese Protestants wrote Philpot about their spiritual views and their troubles in Mobutu’s Zaire. Instead of being merely passive followers of Philpot’s evangelical and charismatic preaching, Congolese sought to use him as a source of financial patronage as well as spiritual support. This essay questions common assumptions regarding U.S.-Congolese ties under Mobutu, and investigates how the rise of evangelical Christianity in postcolonial Africa was clearly shaped by cold war concerns as well as anxieties over national identity and the rise of African dictatorships.
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Sidorova, G. M. "Who is Responsible for Instability in the Democratic Republic of Congo?" MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 6(39) (December 28, 2014): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-6-39-29-36.
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The research focuses on the problem of military-political instability in the Democratic Republic of the Congo experiencing continued armed conflict for a long time. Dozens of illegal armed groups both Congolese and foreign origin continue to destabilize situation in the eastern part of the country causing humanitarian disasters. Due to governmental weakness, economic backwardness, chronical lack of finance resources, interethnic conflicts, all-round and widely spread corruption of the authorities, the Congolese government at the moment is not able to overcome scores of problems including the problem of security. Assistanceprovided to the DRC by itspartnerssuch as, first of all, the former metropolitan country Belgium, as well as the USA, Great Britain, the Europe Union and China works only in favourof these country-donors. They are attracted by rich Congolese natural resources which the DRC remaining one of the poorest countries in the world cannot turn to advantage to the full extent because of its economic backwardness. In exchange for so-calleddevelopment programmes, expensive strategic raw material (such as coltan, wolfram, casseterit, cooper, gold, niobium, and other) is being extracted and exported from the country, in addition, often on the inequivalent basis. This is taking place for the reason that numerous mines and open-cast mines are being controlled by different illegal armed groups and not by the central government. Therefore, it turns out that in the context of a military-political crisis, for so-called partners it is more beneficial to pursue their own interests. Furthermore, western ideologists arouse "separatism-oriented" theories similar to "balkanization", in other words, a breakdown of this giant country into several independent states. The Congolese are tremulous to this issue, they try to counter such approachs and defend the territorial integrity of the DRC. However, it is not an easy task. The impediment is unsettled relations with neighbouring countries - Rwanda, Uganda and Burundi which for tens of years exploit illegally natural resources of the DRC and try to lay hold of frontier Congolese territories.
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Maiden, Emily K. "Transformative Peace in the Democratic Republic of the Congo." Journal of International Peacekeeping 18, no. 1-2 (June 9, 2014): 102–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18754112-1802005.
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This article critiques the potential success of the Peace, Security, and Cooperation Framework for the drc and the Region—signed on February 24, 2013—against the backdrop of the 1999 Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement, which failed to end the Second Congo War. The 1999 Agreement failed because its overall design, coupled with the socio-political climate in the region at the time, resulted in a ‘no war, no peace’ scenario. These failures were furthered by the overall inability of the international peacebuilding community to design and implement a peace strategy in the drc that aligned with the needs of the Congolese people. If the 2013 Framework is to succeed, what is required is a transformation of the peace process, which will incorporate the Congolese civil society, avoid restrictive timelines, and focus on securing realistic commitments. By critically analyzing both the 1999 Agreement and the broader conflict-resolution and peacebuilding processes, international peace practitioners can learn from the situation in the drc and use the revised peace model this article outlines to promote true and lasting peace in regional conflicts across the developing world.
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KAHOMBO, Balingene. "The promises and realization of the right to development in the Democratic Republic of the Congo." KAS African Law Study Library - Librairie Africaine d’Etudes Juridiques 7, no. 3 (2020): 391–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2363-6262-2020-3-391.
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This paper examines, from a legal and socio-economic perspective, how the right to development materializes its promises and realization in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). In this regards, it analyzes its incorporation in the Congolese legal order, defines its constituent elements, and the measures which have been adopted to implement the constitutional framework. It also identifies challenges to the right to development in the DRC and permissive conditions for its effective enjoyment. The main conclusion is that the right to development enshrined in the Congolese law remains more a matter of claims and aspirations than a tangible reality reflecting an increase in the quality of life of the Congolese people. Obstacles to the realization and enjoyment of the right to development include the adverse effects of capitalist liberalism, the extraversion of Congolese development policies, and the culture of predation which dates back to the colonial period. The Congolese leadership has a historic responsibility to trigger or impose the much needed change. This will require not only the integration of the DRC’s international commitments in its domestic development policies based on an internal dynamic putting Congolese at the center of every socio-economic initiative, but also a state which has effective authority over its territory to defend the rule of law, is more interventionist so as to stop the current intentional destruction of the country, and promotes ethical behaviours in public services.
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Clevenger, Casey. "Constructing Spiritual Motherhood in the Democratic Republic of Congo." Gender & Society 34, no. 2 (September 9, 2019): 307–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891243219872464.
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Drawing on an ethnographic study of Roman Catholic sisters in the Democratic Republic of Congo, I show how women in the Global South draw on religious imagery to redefine cultural ideals of womanhood and family responsibility. By taking the religious vows of chastity, poverty, and obedience, the Congolese sisters I interviewed seemingly betray local expectations regarding women’s responsibility to reproduce and repair the clan. Although sisters’ vows subject them to social ridicule for violating cultural expectations to bear children and support kin, they devise new strategies to negotiate the connection between womanhood and the maternal role of caregiver and nurturer outside of marriage and fertility. In social ministries that affirm their communal, moral, and spiritual ties to others, the sisters realize these cultural ideals through a “spiritual motherhood” that transforms their traditional heteronormative obligations. Framing their decision to live outside accepted kinship structures in religious terms mutes the radicalness of this lifestyle and provides religious legitimation for what would otherwise be considered a selfish choice for a woman acting independent of family well-being. In this context, I demonstrate how doing religion is inseparable from doing gender as Catholic sisters embody alternative ways of being a woman in post-colonial Congolese society through their religious practices.
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Büscher, Karen, Sigurd D'hondt, and Michael Meeuwis. "Recruiting a nonlocal language for performing local identity: Indexical appropriations of Lingala in the Congolese border town Goma." Language in Society 42, no. 5 (October 11, 2013): 527–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404513000651.
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AbstractThis article describes discursive processes by which inhabitants of the Congolese border town Goma attribute new indexical values to Lingala, a language exogenous to the area of which most Goma inhabitants only possess limited knowledge. This creative reconfiguration of indexicalities results in the emergence of three “indexicalities of the second order”: the indexing of (i) being a true Congolese, (ii) toughness (based on Lingala's association with the military), and (iii) urban sophistication (based on its association with the capital Kinshasa). While the last two second-order reinterpretations are also widespread in other parts of the Congolese territory, the first one, resulting in the emergence of a Lingala as an “indexical icon” of a corresponding “language community,” deeply reflects local circumstances and concerns, in particular the sociopolitical volatility of the Rwandan-Congolese borderland that renders publicly affirming one's status as an “autochthonous” Congolese pivotal for assuring a livelihood and at times even personal security. (Lingala, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Goma, orders of indexicality, language community, autochthony, Kiswahili)*
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Umubyeyi, Beatrice, and Oliver Mtapuri. "Approaches to Marital Conflict Resolution: A Perspective of Democratic Republic of Congo Migrants Living in Durban, South Africa." Journal of Family Issues 40, no. 8 (March 6, 2019): 1065–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x19833092.
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The aim of this article is to expound on existing approaches to marital conflicts resolution among Congolese migrant families, their functioning, and their effectiveness. The theoretical framework within which this study is constructed is conflict transformation theory. This is a qualitative study involving in-depth interviews with 16 migrants comprising 8 men and 8 women from Democratic Republic of Congo living in Durban as well as two church leaders and two church counselors from where the participants were selected. Participants were identified in two selected Congolese migrant churches. The study found out that there are several approaches to marital conflict resolution. Negotiation and mediation were considered the most significant approaches used in resolving marital conflict among Congolese migrant families living in Durban. Culture matters in marital conflict resolution. Because of patriarchy, negotiation becomes a less effective approach to marital conflict resolution because the men believe they have the upper hand in marriage. Power is embedded in relationships, and negotiation has connotations of power relations and how power is distributed and dispensed in a given society. In circumstances in which women are emancipated, equality between men and women can be eventuated.
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Makungu, Ursil Lelo Di, Blaise Iyamba Valentin, Augustin Bedidjo Ular, Daddy Bogole Bolimia, Juvénal Madigo Ntekenge, Richard Mandandi Akemane, Martin Amisa Zogi, Nadyne-Clémence Chalachala, Didier Okoto Lofongola, and Ibrahim Tshimpanga. "Hydrocarbon Governance and Environmental Protection in the Democratic Republic of Congo." Recht in Afrika 23, no. 1 (2020): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2363-6270-2020-1-103.
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The Congolese hydrocarbons sector is one of the key areas of the national economy and constitutes one of the main resources for financing the state budget. However, the uncontrolled exploitation of hydrocarbons can have consequences on the environment as a whole, which is a natural resource essential to human life and to terrestrial and marine biodiversity. To this end, the first principle of the Stockholm Declaration adopted by the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment states that “Man has a fundamental right to freedom, equality and adequate conditions of life, in an environment of a quality that permits a life of dignity and well-being. He has a solemn duty to protect and improve the environment for present and future generations”. From the above, the protection of the environment is part of the international commitments of States to promote, in particular, sustainable development. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), on the other hand, the lack of an adequate policy on hydrocarbon exploitation and environmental protection has enormous repercussions and unfortunate consequences on the entire Congolese population despite the absolute poverty that the latter is already experiencing. This paper awaits the implementation of adequate proposals to enable policy makers to know where to start in order to ensure sound hydrocarbon governance and sustainable environmental protection in the DRC. It is also a question of demonstrating that sound governance of hydrocarbons and environmental protection requires, in particular, the participation and efforts of everyone: first of all a political will, then a strong involvement of the public authorities, of the companies which invest in the hydrocarbons sector, and a change in the mentalities of the citizens for the integral and sustainable development of the DRC in line with its hydrocarbon potential.
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Sheeran, Scott P. "A Constitutional Moment?: United Nations Peacekeeping in the Democratic Republic of Congo." International Organizations Law Review 8, no. 1 (2011): 55–135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157237411x584066.
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AbstractThe United Nations (UN) is the world's most prominent international organization, and a key issue is its responsibility under international law. The contemporary growth in UN powers and activities has not been matched by parallel developments in accountability and checks and balances within the UN legal order. This was recently brought to the fore in the instance of UN peacekeepers providing support to Congolese army forces responsible for serious violations of international humanitarian and human rights law. It became a significant public issue and the Secretary-General eventually withdrew UN support from a unit of the Congolese army. This article demonstrates that this withdrawal of support by the Secretary-General represents a constitutional moment for the United Nations. It confirmed a key premise that the Secretary-General is normatively constrained under the Charter, including by the Organization's obligations, when implementing the decisions of the Security Council. This is a legal development which engages a number of emerging and uncertain areas of international law relating to the United Nations, including the UN's constitutional law, the responsibility of international organizations, the substantive obligations of the Organization, and the role of international law in peace and security. Recognizing this important development not only confirms the Secretary-General's legal responsibility under the Charter, it reinforces the view of the Charter as a living instrument and provides an effective and important means for incorporating the law of responsibility into the UN constitutional order and a check upon the expansive application of the Security Council's implied powers doctrine.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mythology, Congolese (Democratic Republic)"
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Karangira, Alexis. "Le roman zaïrois de langue française Thèse présentée en vue de l'obtention du doctorat en littérature générale et comparée, Université de Paris XII - Val de Marne, Faculté des lettres et sciences humaines, juillet 1997 /." Villeneuve d'Ascq : Presses universitaires du Septentrion, 1999. http://books.google.com/books?id=nmlcAAAAMAAJ.
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Tshiyoyo, Mudikolele Michel. "Leadership and governance imperatives for development in the Democratic Republic of the Congo." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/32381.
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The subject of discourse in this study is ‘leadership and governance
imperatives for development in the Democratic Republic of the Congo’. The
qualitative research method was deemed the most suitable in attaining
the objectives of the study. The study comprises six chapters. The main
objective of the study is to contribute to an understanding of the
challenges that constitute a stumbling block for the establishment of a
system that promotes good governance and places the DRC on the path
to development. Beyond the analysis of challenges, the study also
examines the environment in which leaders evolve and it focuses on
leadership challenges and governance imperatives that prevail in the
current setting of the country. In this context, the study formulates a
framework for leadership development. The study aims at proposing a
perspective for leadership development considering the fact that the DRC
urgently requires leaders who are competent and effective, and who can
consider modern principles of management and governance as provided
by the case studies of Brazil and Botswana in order to offer the much
needed leadership in the nation-building process. Considering the crises
the DRC has endured throughout the years, leadership’s role is of great
importance as leaders have the ability to transform the adverse
circumstances that Congolese people have faced since the inception of
independence. The study insists that is possible only if leaders can
inspire hope and change the patterns of how things have been done in
the country. The DRC needs leaders who are able to help unleash its
potential and allow the country to regain and to maximise its strategic
position as a significant player in the continental geopolitical affairs. The
thesis argues that the success of any leadership mainly depends on the
kind of social order that prevails in the DRC and on the type of the
political arrangement adopted by its leaders.
The main challenge facing the DRC is establishing an effective
leadership. The legacy of colonisation coupled with the misrule by
Congolese cadres have made it difficult for the DRC to secure a system
that promotes good governance and creates conditions for economic
development. An effective and purposeful leadership has the ability to
provide a clear policy guideline that might bring about change in the
functioning of the country’s institutions. In the case of the DRC, an
effective leadership will be the one that will create an environment that
promotes the reforms much needed in the political and administrative
structures of the country and, consequently, enhance conditions for a
successful implementation of policies for the betterment of all. This study
proposes that Congolese people deserve a civilised nation and a set of
capable leaders who can maximise the country’s abundant resources so
that citizens can benefit from the country’s wealth. As soon as the DRC
finds the path to prosperity and development, it will be possible for the
country to also impact positively on its neighbouring countries and the
whole continent at large.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
gm2013
School of Public Management and Administration (SPMA)
unrestricted
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Wangahemuka, Paluku. "A self-reproducing disciple-making program for the Nandi evangelical churches of Democratic Republic of Congo." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2005. http://www.tren.com.
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Byrne, Jennifer. "The Plight of Congolese Women: Opportunities for Sustainable Gains and Gender Parity." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/55.
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This paper considers the situation of Congolese women and their almost complete social, political and economic marginalization in society. The Congolese constitution formulates the principle of gender parity between men and women; however, numerous provisions of the law still actively discriminate against women, relegating them to the status of second-class citizens. The violent conflict that the Congo has experienced and continues to experience has only exacerbated the socio-economic and cultural differences in status between men and women. How are Congolese women responding to these obstacles and have they been able to make any sustainable gains in doing so?
The findings of this paper contend that despite the inequities that they experience in the social, political and economic spheres, Congolese women have in fact been able to take steps towards achieving gender equality. The conflict that has so negatively affected them has also provided them with intended and unintended opportunities for improving their situation. One such opportunity is evident in the creation of City of Joy, a women empowerment program established and developed entirely by Congolese women. A refuge for survivors of sexual violence, City of Joy helps rehabilitate these women with the hope that they will have acquired the necessary tools to catalyze social change as they are reintegrated into their respective communities after the six-month program.
City of Joy as a case study illustrates both the opportunities for empowerment and change as well as the difficulties of providing women with meaningful agency given the structural obstacles that they are faced with. Although it is difficult to evaluate the long-term success and sustainability of the program, the general observations that can be gleaned from this example demonstrate that war and conflict can create fresh beginnings and new opportunities for women to produce their own social, political and economic realities. City of Joy, although limited in scope, is a socially enhancing program and a pragmatic step toward increasing the probability of a peaceful outcome in the aftermath of a brutal and long-lasting conflict and will ultimately have a positive long-term effect Congolese society.
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Nara, Ruth. "Understanding the Reproductive Health Needs of Displaced Congolese Women in Uganda." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38394.
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Uganda currently hosts 1.4 million refugees and conflict-affected people. Known as the “best place” in Africa to be a refugee, Uganda’s policies encourage self-sufficiency and local integration. However, many refugees, particularly women and girls, face persistent challenges. Understanding the reproductive health needs of this population and exploring the accessibility of services for conflict-affected populations in this low-income host country is a priority. This multi-methods study aimed to assess the reproductive health needs of displaced Congolese women in camp- and urban-based settings in Uganda. We interviewed key informants, facilitated focus group discussions with refugee women, and conducted in-depth interviews with Congolese women of reproductive age to better understand knowledge, attitudes, practices, and services. Our results suggest that Congolese refugees have significant unmet reproductive health needs. Maternal health and delivery care is characterized by insufficient human resources, inconsistent medication availability, discrimination, bribery, and communications challenges. The availability of contraceptive products, including emergency contraception, is limited in camp-based settings due to supply-chain management challenges and theft by staff; lack of contraceptive knowledge among Congolese refugees shapes use. Finally, the legal restrictions on abortion lead to unsafe practices among refugees and pose a barrier to the provision of post-abortion care. This study provides insight for opportunities to improve the delivery of sexual and reproductive health services to refugees in Uganda to ensure that the infrastructure and processes align with national policies and international guidelines.
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Mangwanda, Lusegu Mylene. "A cry for justice : the lack of accountability for perpetrators of sexual violence against women in the Democratic Republic of Congo." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/64622.
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The eastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has been described as the ‘rape capital of the world’ due to the severity and brutality of sexual violence that Congolese women experience.
Sexual violence as a weapon of war in conflict-torn areas takes the form of rape, sexual slavery and the insertion of objects into cavities (such as knives, rifle barrels, pieces of glass, sticks, wood, bottles and pestles coated in chili pepper). It predominantly targets girls as young as two years old and women as old as eighty years old. Perpetrators of such illegal and immoral acts of violence in eastern DRC (North Kivu and South Kivu provinces) include members of the national army, members of rebel groups and United Nations Peacekeeping personnel. Congolese women’s rights are constantly undermined and violated. This is despite the country’s legal obligations to protect Congolese women through its ratification of a number of international and regional conventions and treaties which promote the rights of women and prohibit sexual violence. The Congolese Constitution contains provisions aimed at promoting and protecting women’s rights, including the protection of women against sexual violence.
Despite various pieces of legislation and calls by human rights activists to halt acts of sexual violence, Congolese women continue to face unwanted pregnancies, abortions, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV/AIDS, destroyed reproductive organs, injuries and even death. Sexual violence continues unabated in eastern DRC as a tactic used by various armed groups to terrorise and control the population living in conflict-torn eastern DRC. This mini-dissertation is a cry for justice in that it highlights sexual violence crimes and other human rights abuses faced by women in eastern DRC and calls for perpetrators to be held accountable.Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Centre for Human Rights
MPhil
Unrestricted
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Ngongo, Ngashi. "Health System Predictors of Antenatal Care Compliance Among Rural Congolese Women." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2038.
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Fewer rural Congolese women complete 4 antenatal care (ANC) visits than do urban women, despite high maternal and child mortality rates. This quantitative cross-sectional survey applied Andersen's behavioral model of service utilization to examine whether the ANC facility type, provider type, provider gender, time to ANC facility, cost, and number of services can predict ANC compliance among rural women. The study was a secondary analysis of the 2015 Maternal and Child Health (MCH) survey, which comprised 1,280 eligible women selected through stratified random sampling. The analysis included bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions. The findings showed that women seen in private facilities, AOR = 2.220, 95% CI [1.384, 3.561], p < .01; women seen by female providers, AOR = 1.407, 95% CI [1.055, 1.877], p < .05; and women receiving 7 to 9 ANC services, AOR = 1.680, 95% CI [1.142, 2.472], p < .05, were more likely to complete 4 ANC visits. The cost of services and time to the ANC facility had no association with ANC compliance. Further analysis showed that private facilities provided more services (median of 6 vs. 5, p = .000) and had more women attended to by doctors (11% vs. 2%, p = .000) and female providers (72.9% vs. 58.4%, p < .001). These findings suggest that service quality and provider gender play a role in ANC compliance in rural areas. Therefore, Congolese health authorities should establish quality improvement programs and incentives to attract female providers to rural areas. This study contributes to positive social change by identifying ANC access barriers of rural populations and informing future efforts to close the urban-rural gap in MCH outcomes.
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McQuaid, Katie. "'Another war' : stories of violence, humanitarianism and human rights amongst Congolese refugees in Uganda." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2015. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/54026/.
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Kalawu, Corneille. "Exploring HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes and practices of Congolese refugees in Cape Town." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96884.
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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study aims to explore the existing knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding HIV/AIDS among Congolese refugees living in Cape Town in order to create awareness and suggest possible measures to avert the spread of the pandemic among them. The target population are Congolese refugees living in Cape Town, with a refugee or an asylum seeker status. Due to the total population and difficulties in contacting them, the participants (50) were randomly selected among traders and hair dressers. The study used a quantitative research design. The Desk Top Market train station in Cape Town is an open market place where most Congolese traders sell their goods to the public. The data were collected at this market area in Cape Town using a questionnaire. To avoid any possible discrimination or stigmatisation resulting from being identified as a refugee in the study, the Congolese were contacted from the market place without screening them on the basis of their status. The participants were, however, required to tick their status in a box provided on the questionnaire. Furthermore, strict confidentiality was maintained to avoid the possible stigmatisation arising from the Congolese traders’ refugee status. According to the findings Congolese refugees have knowledge about HIV/AIDS and the route of transmission. The majority knows how to protect themselves against HIV/AIDS but it seems this protection discontinue shortly after a quick trust between them and their partners. It is may be because most refugees are in need of financial protection on their arrival so they do not have any other choice than to let it go. During the process of data collection there was an opportunity to discuss with some of them protection and most of them stated that condom use is not safe as condoms breaks often. Many Congolese do not believe in male circumcision for the reduction of risk because 100% of them are circumcised and some still have contracted HIV/AIDS. Some of Congolese does believe HIV can be cured because they have seen people who were cured through prayers. The findings also indicate the level of awareness is very low in this community because they still believe they can just by looking at other individuals they can detect if someone is HIV positive or not.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie was daarop toegespits om die bestaande kennis, houdings en praktyke met betrekking tot MIV/vigs onder Kongolese vlugtelinge in Kaapstad te ondersoek ten einde bewustheid te wek en moontlike maatreëls voor te stel om te keer dat die pandemie onder hulle versprei. Die teikenpopulasie was Kongolese wat in Kaapstad woon en oor vlugteling- of asielsoekerstatus beskik. Weens die groot omvang van die ondersoekpopulasie en uitdagings om met hulle in verbinding te tree, het die navorser lukraak vyftig (50) deelnemers uit die geledere van handelaars en haarkappers gekies. Die data is met behulp van ’n vraelys by die Desk Top-mark op Kaapstad-stasie ingesamel. Die studie het van ’n kwantitatiewe navorsingsontwerp gebruik gemaak. Die Desk Top-mark by Kaapstad-stasie is ’n buitelugmark waar die meeste Kongolese handelaars hul goedere aan die publiek verkoop. Om te voorkom dat enigeen wat in die studie as ’n vlugteling geïdentifiseer word enige moontlike diskriminasie of stigma ervaar, het die navorser voor die voet onderhoude met Kongolese by die mark gevoer sonder om hulle na hul verblyfstatus uit te vra. Die deelnemers moes egter hul status op die vraelys aandui deur die toepaslike blokkie te merk. Voorts is streng vertroulikheid gehandhaaf om enige moontlike stigma vanweë die respondente se vlugtelingstatus te voorkom. Die bevindinge toon dat Kongolese vlugtelinge wél oor ’n mate van kennis van MIV/vigs en die verspreiding daarvan beskik. Die meeste respondente weet hoe om hulself teen MIV/vigs te beskerm, hoewel daardie beskerming oënskynlik gestaak word kort nadat hulle ’n vertrouensverhouding met hul bedmaats ontwikkel. Dít kan daaraan toegeskryf word dat die meeste vlugtelinge met hul aankoms in die land finansiële beskerming nodig het en dus nie anders kan as om veilige sekspraktyke te laat vaar indien hul bedmaats daarop aandring nie. Gedurende die proses van data-insameling was daar geleentheid vir gesprek met die respondente, waaruit geblyk het dat kondoomgebruik na hulle mening nie juis veilig is nie, aangesien kondome dikwels breek. Min Kongolese glo dat manlike besnydenis die gevaar van MIV/vigs verminder, aangesien hulle almal besny is, maar sommige steeds MIV/vigs opdoen. Sommige glo dat MIV/vigs genees kan word, omdat hulle getuies was van hoe mense deur gebed gesond geword het. Die bevindinge dui ook op ’n baie lae bewustheidsvlak in hierdie gemeenskap: Baie glo steeds dat ’n mens met die blote oog kan bepaal of iemand MIV-positief is of nie.
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Gobile, Zizipho. "Being a mother and owning an informal hairdressing business in Cape Town, South Africa : a study on Congolese female migrants." University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5085.
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Magister Philosophiae - MPhilThis study investigates how female migrants negotiate the tension that arises from being entrepreneurs, being mothers, and having families. It shows how entrepreneurship offers them self-emancipation but limits the time they spend raising their children and time they spend with their families, but puts them in a position to provide financially for themselves, their children, and families. The focus of the study is on Congolese female migrant and also females from few African countries. It is hypothesized that female migration and entrepreneurship negatively impacts the relationships of these females with their children and families. Data was obtained through a survey of fifty-three respondents who were conveniently selected. This took place in the Western Cape Province, taking Cape Town, Bellville, and Parow as the cities to be observed. The statistical package for social sciences was used to analyze data. The results showed that female entrepreneurship has a negative impact on their relationships with their children but to an extent improves their relationships with their families and/or partners.
Books on the topic "Mythology, Congolese (Democratic Republic)"
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Madiya, C. Faïk-Nzuji. Les traces du Grand Signe: Lecture sémiologique de symboles initiatiques. Bruxelles: PIE-Peter Lang, 2004.
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Bontyes, Fabienne. La transformation du canard en 33 recettes. Kinshasa]: Service national de vulgarisation du Ministère de l'agriculture et du développement rural, 2007.
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Littératures congolaises de la RDC: 1482-2007 : histoire et anthologie. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2007.
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Shabane, Marcel Mumba M. Principes et régles d'organisation des élections libres et démocratiques. Kinshasa: Centre d'études pour l'action sociale, 1993.
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Mayinzambi, Jean-Paul Yawidi. Procès de la société congolaise. 2nd ed. Kinshasa?]: Mabiki, 2008.
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Françoise, Naudillon, ed. Bolya: Nomade cosmopolite mais sédentaire de l'éthique. Montréal: Mémoire d'encrier, 2012.
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Giourgas-Tombu, Chantal. L'asbl "Dialogues" et le Centre Wallonie, Bruxelles présentent "Regards croises, Lubumbashi-Kinshasa": Esthétique et modernité en R.D.C. : catalogue. Lubumbashi, Congo]: L'ASBL "Dialogues", 2004.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Mythology, Congolese (Democratic Republic)"
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"One Hundred Per Cent Congolese." In The Democratic Republic of Congo. Zed Books, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350223066.ch-005.
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Schneider, Marius, and Vanessa Ferguson. "Democratic Republic of the Congo." In Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights in Africa. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198837336.003.0016.
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The Democratic Republic of the Congo, also known as the DRC or Congo-Kinshasa, is located in Central Africa. It borders nine African countries: Congo (Brazzaville), Central African Republic, Sudan, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Zambia, and Angola. It has a small coastline on the Atlantic. It is the largest Francophone country in Africa, the second largest country in Africa, and the eleventh largest country in the world. The size of the country means that the DRC spans two time zones. Sparsely populated, the DRC had 81.3 million inhabitants in 2017. Business hours for most firms and government offices are from 0800 to 1700 Monday to Friday and Saturday from 0730 to 1200. The national currency in DRC is the Congolese franc (CDF).
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Justin, Monsenepwo. "Part 2 National and Regional Reports, Part 2.1 Africa: Coordinated by Jan L Neels and Eesa A Fredericks, 12 Democratic Republic of the Congo: Congolese Perspectives on the Hague Principles." In Choice of Law in International Commercial Contracts. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198840107.003.0012.
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This chapter highlights Congolese perspectives on the Hague Principles. It first outlines the sources of private international law for international commercial contracts in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Until July of 2016, Articles 8–15 of the Decree of May 4, 1895 (Title II of the Civil Code Book I) constituted the most relevant national source of private international law. As of January of 2019, there is no plan from the Congolese authorities for the adoption of new conflict of laws provisions after the repeal of Title II of the Congolese Civil Code I. If new rules of private international law were developed and adopted, the Hague Principles could theoretically play an important part in providing the Congolese lawmakers with apt rules on choice of law in international commercial contracts. However, since most Congolese lawmakers, judges, and legal advisors do not know the Hague Principles yet, their use for the development of new statutes is practically unlikely. Hence, it is important to widely diffuse the Hague Principles in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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Ilunga, Yvan Yenda. "Regional Political Leadership and Policy Integration in Great Lakes Region of Africa." In Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 267–77. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4993-2.ch013.
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For the past two decades, following the Rwandan genocide in 1994, the Great Lakes Region of Africa has become a conflict-ridden zone marked by mass violations of human rights and political instabilities. Part of these instabilities and violence is due to the lack of strong and stable political leadership and institutions in many of the countries in the region. In 1996, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) was plagued by the uprising of the rebel movement called the Alliance des Forces Démocratiques pour la Libération du Congo-Zaïre. This movement was a coalition of Rwanda, Burundi, and Uganda, along with Congolese people. However, the AFDL victory was short-lived since the coalition parties broke up their alliance in 1998, which led to a new cycle of conflict which continued to destabilize the DRC to date with its Eastern provinces being most affected. In addition to conflict within the DRC, political instability and crisis of legitimacy of political leadership in South Sudan, Burundi, and the Central African Republic have also exacerbated the instability in the region. In this chapter, the author argues that peace and stability in the Great Lakes Region of Africa would depend on how best several facets of policies are integrated into one operational framework for peace and stability.
Conference papers on the topic "Mythology, Congolese (Democratic Republic)"
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Arno, Matthew G., Janine Katanic Arno, Donald A. Halter, Robert O. Berry, and Ian S. Hamilton. "Radiological Characterization of a Copper/Cobalt Mining and Milling Site." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16322.
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Extensive copper and cobalt ore deposits can be found in the Katanga Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo near the city of Kolwezi. These deposits have been mined via open pit and underground mines since the 19th century with many changes in control of the mines including colonial industrial control and Congolese government control. With the recent re-establishment of a relatively stable democratic government in the DRC, foreign investors returned to the area to restart mining activities that were abruptly terminated in the 1990’s due to political turmoil. Some of these new projects are being performed in accordance with World Bank and International Finance Corporation Social & Environmental Sustainability standards. As part of these standards, radiological characterization of the mines, processing facilities, and surrounding environment was conducted to establish current conditions, evaluate human health and ecological risks, and provide a basis for establishment of radiation safety and environmental remediation programs. In addition to naturally occurring radioactive materials associated with the copper/cobalt ore, the site was reputedly historically used to store ore from the Shinkolobwe uranium mine, the source of the uranium ore for the World War II Manhattan project. The radiological characterization was conducted via extensive gamma radiation surveys using vehicle-mounted sodium-iodide detectors, random grid composite soil sampling, biased soil sampling of areas with elevated gamma radiation levels, and sampling of surface water features. The characterization revealed broad areas of elevated gamma radiation levels of up to 160 μGy/hr in two distinct areas believed to be the Shinkolobwe uranium mine ore storage locations. Other areas, with gamma radiation levels of up to 80 μGy/hr, were detected associated with copper/cobalt ore refinery tailings and waste rock (overburden) sediments. The gamma radiation surveys revealed that elevated radiation levels were largely confined to areas previously disturbed by mechanized mining activities. Radiological contaminants in local surface water sources were within drinking water standards with the exception of one river heavily polluted with both uranium and other metals by waste streams from an ore processing and refining facility. Surrounding areas that appeared to be undisturbed by mining, including agricultural areas, native villages, and urban colonial-architecture cities, exhibited soil concentration and gamma radiation levels consistent with expected background levels.