Academic literature on the topic 'Myths and assumptions'

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Journal articles on the topic "Myths and assumptions"

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Mills, Alex. "The Private History of International Law." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 55, no. 1 (January 2006): 1–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/lei066.

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The purpose of this article is to address two related false assumptions, or myths. The first is an assumption of public international law. It is the myth that the history of international law is one of progressive expansion, of increasing concern in public international law with matters traditionally considered private or internal to States, and that this expansion is a relatively recent phenomenon.1 The second is an assumption of private international law. It is the myth that private international law is not actually international, as it is essentially and necessarily a part of the domestic law of States.2 These assumptions, taken together, constitute the myth that public and private international law are discrete, distinct disciplines, with independent, parallel histories. This article addresses these myths through an analysis of the role played by international law theory in the history of private international law.
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Watt, Robert. "Three Myths About Kant’s Second Antinomy." Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 101, no. 2 (June 28, 2019): 258–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/agph-2019-2006.

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Abstract This article challenges three widespread assumptions about Kant’s argument for the antithesis of the Second Antinomy. The first assumption is that this argument consists of an argument for the claim that “[no] composite thing in the world consists of simple parts”, and a logically independent argument for the claim that “nothing simple exists anywhere in the world”. The second assumption is that when Kant argues that “[no] composite thing in the world consists of simple parts”, he is making a claim about the mereological structure of spatially extended things in particular, as opposed to a claim about the mereological structure of things in general. And the third assumption is that Kant’s argument for this part of the antithesis is based on a claim about the relationship between the size of the extension of a composite thing and the sizes of the extensions of the things of which this composite thing consists.
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Hiam, Alexander. "Exposing Four Myths of Strategic Planning." Journal of Business Strategy 11, no. 5 (May 1, 1990): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb060082.

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How do you assess the quality of your planning tools? One approach is to look at the validity of the assumptions underlying them. Some of the most basic assumptions of planners are no longer valid; reexamining strategic myths helps ferret out those tools that need updating.
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Pascarella, Ernest T., and Patrick T. Terenzini. "The Impact of College on Students: Myths, Rational Myths, and Some Other Things That May Not Be True." NACADA Journal 15, no. 2 (September 1, 1995): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12930/0271-9517-15.2.26.

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Academia clings to several myths about higher education and its effect on students. This article outlines 10 of these popular myths–myths about effective teaching styles, indicators of quality education, and the value of faculty research for undergraduate education, to name a few. The authors cite extensive research calling these myths into question and challenge readers to rethink assumptions about higher education.
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Pascarella, Ernest T., and Patrick T. Terenzini. "The Impact of College on Students: Myths, Rational Myths, and Some Other Things That May Not Be True." NACADA Journal 29, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.12930/0271-9517-29.1.90.

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Academia clings to several myths about higher education and its effect on students. This article outlines 10 of these popular myths—myths about effective teaching styles, indicators of quality education, and the value of faculty research for undergraduate education, to name a few. The authors cite extensive research calling these myths into question and challenge readers to rethink assumptions about higher education.
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Treves, Adrian, and Francisco J. Santiago‐Ávila. "Myths and assumptions about human‐wildlife conflict and coexistence." Conservation Biology 34, no. 4 (May 14, 2020): 811–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13472.

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Salas, Eduardo, Katherine A. Wilson, C. Shawn Burke, and Clint A. Bowers. "Myths About Crew Resource Management Training." Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications 10, no. 4 (October 2002): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106480460201000406.

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Gehmann, Ulrich. "Myths and Narratives for Management." International Business Research 9, no. 1 (December 24, 2015): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v9n1p123.

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<p>Having in mind the social, human, cultural and systemic problems management is confronted with today, but also the intricate relationships between art and technique, the recent predominant understanding of what ‘management’ is settles upon its technical, that is, essentially functional character. The thesis is that this basic character has not changed, despite all attempts to redefine, modify, or even re-think management as a cultural practice. Related to this basic character, some elements of the mind set underlying such an understanding of ‘management’ shall be examined, elements which may be called mythic.</p><p>For such a mind set, management is primarily conceived as a function, and as in case of every process that is technical in its essence, it finally aims at an objectification and optimization of the entities it has to deal with. That functional character, and out of it, the desire for dominating the respective entities by formatting them rests on certain assumptions about a ‘relevant’ world, assumptions to be examined in this contribution.</p>
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Evans, Brad. "Myths of Violence." Journal of Humanitarian Affairs 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/jha.035.

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This essay critically addresses ten prevailing assumptions about violence: (1) violence is natural; (2) violence comes easily to humans; (3) violence attacks a juridical life; (4) violence is the result of underdevelopment; (5) violence is the result of difference; (6) violence is a sign of absolute power; (7) violence is associated with some death drive; (8) violence can be intelligent through a mastery of technology; (9) the opposite of violence is a just peace; and (10) violence is an assault on the sacred meaning of life. In doing so, it opens up a conversation on the meaning of political violence and makes an impassioned call to free ourselves from sacred myths that bind us to a problem that still appears insurmountable.
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Pile, Steve. "Echo, Desire, and the Grounds of Knowledge: A Mytho-Poetic Assessment of Buttimer's Geography and the Human Spirit." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 12, no. 4 (August 1994): 495–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d120495.

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In Geography and the Human Spirit, Buttimer argues that the history of geographical concern is marked by cyclical time, which is distinguished by three phases: Phoenix, Faust, and Narcissus, By taking a longer look at one of these myths, Narcissus, it is possible to suggest that Buttimer bases her account on some problematic assumptions. Thus, the figure of Echo, absent from Buttimer's telling of the myth, can return to disrupt her story. This mytho-poetic assessment reveals something of the way in which ‘others’ are constituted in her story: I take this erasure to be symptomatic of an ‘othering’ humanism, which is predicated on the other, but considers itself self-grounded and thereby distances itself from others. The conclusion questions Buttimer's universalism, her concept of cyclical time, and her sense of a liberation cry of humanism, I suggest that an emancipatory geography cannot rely on undisclosed and marginalized ‘others’, in this case represented by the figure of Echo.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Myths and assumptions"

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Kampf, Raymond William. "Fauxtopia." VCU Scholars Compass, 2004. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/749.

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To all who come to this fictitious place:Welcome.Fauxtopia is your land. Here, age relives distorted memories of the past, and here, youth may savor the challenge of trying to understand the present. Fauxtopia is made up of the ideals, the dreams and the fuzzy facts which have re-created reality... with the hope that it will be a source of edutainment for all the world.Ray KampfFauxtopia DedicationApril 1st, 2004
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Hamilton, Heather. "Challenging the myths and assumptions : intensive case managers’ experiences." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/6447.

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Although there has been much research on intensive case management, little of it has focused on the intensive case managers themselves. Many assumptions exist about their experiences; however, these have not been adequately explored. A qualitative study was conducted to explore the experiences of intensive case managers. In-depth interviews were conducted with each intensive case manager and the interviews were analyzed. Four main findings emerged from the study; the participants have a specific set of beliefs that guide the way they interact with clients; the participants identify themselves as having a different set of goals than traditional mental health services; these differences can conflict with the goals of the larger mental health system; and the intensive case management team plays an important role in the day-to-day functioning of the team. The findings of this study provide insight into the experiences of the intensive case managers and have important implications for future planning of intensive case management teams and for intensive case managers themselves.
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Buys, Irma. "Volwasse kinders as sekondêre slagoffers van 'n ouer wat selfmoord gepleeg het (Afrikaans)." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27831.

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The indirect victim's experience of suicide and the victimisation resulting from the incident was studied. The Indirect Victim's Experience Model of a Suicide Incident (see Figure 2.1) was designed as a theoretical framework to direct the research findings and for the interpretation of data. A qualitative exploratory approach was used and a group of 20 respondents was selected by means of purposive and snowball sampling methods. All the respondents were interviewed personally. The interpretation and analysis of the data showed that the assumptions based on Janoff-Bulman and Frieze's theory and certain societal myths regarding suicide still exist. These assumptions and myths could subconsciously have an influence on the nature and extent of the victimisation experienced by the next of kin. The respondents themselves accepted these assumptions and myths. Research findings further showed that these assumptions are affected upon receiving the news of the suicide, while myths are destroyed. This could have an influence on the victim's experience of suicide. Every indirect victim functions before, during and after the suicide incident within a specific family and social system. The way in which the indirect victim experiences the support and integration from within the family and social system, determines the acceptance or non-acceptance of the death by suicide of a significant other. This will also have an influence on the indirect victim's reintegration into society in the short and long term. The need of the indirect victim to be involved within a family and society was clearly identified during the study. These findings made it possible to make practical recommendations with regard to the indirect victim's experience of suicide. Society should be informed about the realities and results of suicide. In addition, these findings highlighted further areas for research.
Thesis (MA (Criminology))--University of Pretoria, 2004.
Social Work and Criminology
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Books on the topic "Myths and assumptions"

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Business blindspots: Replacing myths, beliefs and assumptions with market realities. 2nd ed. Calne, Wilts: Infonortics, 1996.

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Business blindspots: Replacing your company's entrenched and outdated myths, beliefs, and assumptions with the realities of today's markets. Chicago, Ill: Probus, 1994.

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Woods, Ivan. The reinvestment assumption: A fresh look at the perpetuation of a myth. Melbourne: University of Melbourne. Graduate School of Management, 1987.

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Kottler, Jeffrey A., and Richard S. Balkin. Myths, Misconceptions, and Invalid Assumptions about Counseling and Psychotherapy. Oxford University Press, Incorporated, 2020.

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Kottler, Jeffrey, and Richard S. Balkin. Myths, Misconceptions, and Invalid Assumptions About Counseling and Psychotherapy. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190090692.001.0001.

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In Myths, Misconceptions, and Invalid Assumptions about Counseling the authors examine the science, art, and certainties and uncertainties of psychotherapy. In this book we have selected several dozen issues in our field, many of which are considered generally accepted principles or operating assumptions. We put them under close scrutiny to examine them more carefully. We’ve considered a wide variety of subjects, ranging from those that relate to our espoused beliefs, theoretical models, favored techniques and interventions, to accreditation and licensing requirements. We have also addressed some of the sanctioned statements about the nature and meaning of empirically supported and evidence based treatments. We even question what we can truly “know” for sure and how we can be certain these things are true. When considering the efficacy of psychotherapy, there is overwhelming evidence that the vast majority of clients are significantly improved as a result of our treatments. Advances in the models, methods, and strategies during the last few decades have allowed us to work more swiftly and efficiently, to reach a much more economically and culturally diverse population. But do we really know and understand as much as we pretend to? Is the foundation upon which we stand actually as stable and certain as we think, or at least claim to believe? Are the major assumptions and “truths” that we take for granted and accept as foundational principles really supported by solid data? And how might these assumptions, beliefs, and constructs we hold so sacred perhaps compromise and limit increased creativity and innovation? These are some of the uncomfortable and provocative questions that we wish to raise, and perhaps challenge, so that we might consider alternative conceptions that might further increase our effectiveness and improve our knowledge base grounded with solid evidence.
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Sergio, Della Sala, ed. Mind myths: Exploring popular assumptions about the mind and brain. Chichester, England: Wiley, 1999.

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Sala, Sergio Della. Mind Myths: Exploring Popular Assumptions About the Mind and Brain. Wiley, 1999.

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author, Furnham Adrian, ed. Myths of work: The stereotypes and assumptions holding your organization back. Criterion Collection, 2018.

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Wortman, Camille B., and Kathrin Boerner. Beyond the Myths of Coping with Loss: Prevailing Assumptions Versus Scientific Evidence. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195342819.013.0019.

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Schechter, Elizabeth. Duality Myths. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809654.003.0009.

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This chapter addresses the intuitive fascination of the split-brain phenomenon. According to what I call the standard explanation, it is because we ordinarily assume that people are psychologically unified, while split-brain subjects are not psychologically unified, which suggests that we might not be unified either. I offer a different interpretation. One natural way of grappling with people’s failures to conform to various assumptions we make about them is to conceptualize them as having multiple minds. Such multiple-minds models take their most dramatic form in narrative art as duality myths. The split-brain cases grip people in part because the subjects strike them as living embodiments of such myths.
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Book chapters on the topic "Myths and assumptions"

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Al Daylami, Mohammed, Brian Bennison, Chris Coutts, Faisal Hassan, Jameel Hasan, Henk Huijser, Bryce McLoughlin, David McMaster, and Fatima Wali. "The Establishment of Bahrain Polytechnic: Assumptions Questioned, Myths Exposed and Challenges Faced." In Myths in Education, Learning and Teaching, 114–32. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137476982_7.

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Larsen, Tor J., and Linda Levine. "Learning from Failure: Myths and Misguided Assumptions about IS Disciplinary Knowledge." In Grand Successes and Failures in IT. Public and Private Sectors, 495–509. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38862-0_31.

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Koziol, Leonard F. "Neuropsychological Constructs, Assumptions, and Executive Functioning: Revisiting Principles of Brain Organization." In The Myth of Executive Functioning, 11–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04477-4_4.

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King, Sally. "Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and the Myth of the Irrational Female." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies, 287–302. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_23.

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Abstract King’s chapter begins by describing the historical context of ‘premenstrual’ symptoms, which were first formally described in 1931. She then questions the prioritization of mood-based symptoms in the diagnostic criteria for Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS). King argues that population studies suggest that mood-based symptoms are not the most common nor most disruptive of menstrual changes. She then proposes that the trend of ‘psychologizing’ premenstrual symptoms is influenced by the sexist historical assumption of ‘the myth of the irrational female’—the idea that women, due to their reproductive biology, are pathologically emotional and thus have a reduced capacity for reason. The author concludes by calling for a more integrated and rigorous approach to PMS definitions and research to support people who experience cyclical symptoms, without unintentionally pathologizing the menstrual cycle or stigmatizing an entire gender.
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Kottler, Jeffrey A., and Richard S. Balkin. "How and Why Myths and Misconceptions Endure." In Myths, Misconceptions, and Invalid Assumptions About Counseling and Psychotherapy, 32–45. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190090692.003.0004.

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In How and Why Myths and Misconceptions Endure, the authors address that many myths and misconceptions about psychotherapy stem from attempting to validate what we think we know or choose to believe. Compelling myths persist, in part, due to individuals’ desire for them to be true. The authors provide an overview of numerous confirmation biases and address how therapeutic may be impacted by multiple truths, and how the standard procedures for therapy may in fact limit clients ability to change. One of the primary challenges for therapists is to change the hearts and minds of clients, which is due, in part, to the discomfort in changing one’s beliefs about their experiences or what they think they know.
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Kottler, Jeffrey A., and Richard S. Balkin. "Some Tenuous Assumptions and Conceptions." In Myths, Misconceptions, and Invalid Assumptions About Counseling and Psychotherapy, 46–58. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190090692.003.0005.

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In Some Tenuous Assumptions and Conceptions the authors explain how the myth of certainty affects the therapist. Therapists may often be overconfident in their ability, experience, and approach to counseling. As a result, therapists’ interpretations often lack the accuracy or understanding of clients’ feelings or behaviors. Therapists tend to underestimate the role of parallel processes, in which the impact a therapist believes to be having on a client is also impacting the therapist. Understanding that expertise, experience, and approach do not necessarily guarantee success with a client or even that the therapist has an accurate understanding of the client. Therapists are encouraged to embrace uncertainty when working with a client, as this type of vulnerability may actually enhance the working alliance and serve as a catalyst for client progress.
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Kottler, Jeffrey A., and Richard S. Balkin. "How Myths and Misconceptions Have Shaped Our World." In Myths, Misconceptions, and Invalid Assumptions About Counseling and Psychotherapy, 22–31. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190090692.003.0003.

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In How Myths and Misconceptions Have Shaped Our World, the authors highlight differences between theories and myths. As a constantly evolving field, psychotherapy is not alone in the attachment to idea that lack an evidentiary basis, which also occur in other fields such as medicine, economics, and anthropology. Many of the traditions in psychotherapy stem from philosophy. Other myths might simply be a result of bad research or biased, core, personal beliefs. The authors provide an overview of discredited or partially discredited therapies that continue to pervade the field today. The challenge for therapists is to be open to the idea of challenging preconceptions and core beliefs, particularly when evidence counter to core beliefs is introduced.
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"Myth 30: No Assumptions Required When the Data Speak for Themselves." In Understanding Statistics and Statistical Myths, 481–512. CRC Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19198-31.

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Kottler, Jeffrey A., and Richard S. Balkin. "Introduction." In Myths, Misconceptions, and Invalid Assumptions About Counseling and Psychotherapy, 1–6. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190090692.003.0001.

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In this preface, the authors introduce that idea that we do not know as much as we think about the nature of therapy and how it works. The authors note the controversial nature of some myths and misconceptions in therapy. The authors emphasize that overall effectiveness of therapy but draw attention to issues that operate under assumptions, as opposed to empirical support.
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Peacock, Timothy Noël. "Myths, methods and minorities." In The British tradition of minority government, 1–23. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526123268.003.0001.

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This chapter sets out the methodological framework, demonstrating through the study that there is a distinctive British tradition of minority government: parties in a hung parliament usually preferring minority to coalition governance, grounded in majoritarian rule and relying on examples from British history when formulating strategy, but open to pragmatic innovations in order to stay in power. Popular and scholarly myths surrounding the 1970s British Minority Governments show how some of the conclusions of existing historical and political science studies, documentaries, and television news, have helped to form and perpetuate these false assumptions. It is argued that this book’s interface with and challenges to existing international minority government theory provide the basis for a new perspective on British political history and minority governance globally.
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Conference papers on the topic "Myths and assumptions"

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Howell, Larry L. "History of Mechanisms: The Odometer of the Mormon Trail." In ASME 2006 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2006-99604.

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The wagon odometer (or “roadometer”), designed, built, and implemented on the Mormon Trail, has generated much interest because of the documentation of the odometer’s design, the unusual circumstances under which it was developed, the impact it made on the settlement of the West, and the epic nature of the Mormon Exodus. This paper reviews first-person accounts documenting the odometer’s development, discusses the odometer’s impact, and reviews myths and misconceptions surrounding the odometer. In contrast to previous assumptions, this paper argues that enough information is provided from the accounts, combined with knowledge of gear design, to determine the actual gear sizes. Calculations and arguments are provided to support the idea that the gear diameters were 15 inches (38 cm) for the 60-tooth gear, 10 inches (25 cm) for the 40-tooth gear, and 1 inch (2.54 cm) for the 4-tooth gear.
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Kahn, Andrea. "Constructing Knowledge of the Urban Site." In 1995 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.1995.38.

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This paper considers a fundamental but under-examined aspect of the urban design process: site analysis – or the production of site knowledge. While integral to design thinking, site analysis has historically sustained a notable lack of critical or theoretical attention in either architectural or urban design discourse. Because of this oversight, the assumptions and values underlying analysis methods are rarely, if ever, submitted to review. To reveal the formative role of site analysis in urban design thinking, this paper begins with a brief discussion of analysis, generally. It is followed by an equally abridged look at the conceptual biases of standard site descriptions and how these can effect urban design. Finally, I conclude with a few suggestions for an alternative approach to urban site study, which moves beyond the myth of analytic objectivity to posit analysis as the initiation of design.
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