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Journal articles on the topic 'Mzimba District'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Pollard, R. "Ethnic Variation of Twinning Rates in Malawi." Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research 45, no. 3 (July 1996): 361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001566000000957.

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AbstractMalawi is a country in South-East Africa with a population of approximately 10 million, over 95% of whom are negro of Bantu origin. The country is divided into 24 administrative districts, each of which provides details of births which are compiled centrally at the Ministry of Health. Using data reported annually by health facilities from 1987-1990, most districts had twinning rates in the range 16 to 24 per 1000 maternities, figures consistent with those of other negro populations in Africa. Two adjoining districts (Rumphi and Mzimba) had rates which were considerably higher, almost 30 per 1000. Although ethnic origin is not recorded in the latest Malawi census, language spoken in the home, which was last recorded in 1966, can be used as a proxy. Rumphi and Mzimba are the only districts with an overwhelming majority of Tumbuka speaking population. These people, who are of both Tumbuka and Ngoni ethnic origin, therefore have an unusually high twinning rate (29.57 per 1000 maternities). The rate for the main ethnic group in Malawi, the Chewa people, was 21.21 per 1000. The district of Thyolo, with a mixed ethnic population, had by far the lowest rate (13.75 per 1000).

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2

Andersson, Jens A. "Informal moves, informal markets: International migrants and traders from Mzimba District, Malawi." African Affairs 105, no. 420 (April 20, 2006): 375–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adi128.

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3

Sekani, Yoram Kateta, Kabambe Vernon, William Lowole Max, and Cleopus Nalivata Patson. "Production practices of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) by farmers in Mzimba District, Northern Malawi." African Journal of Agricultural Research 10, no. 8 (February 19, 2015): 797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2014.9081.

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4

Green, Erik. "Agrarian change and commercialisation in Nyasaland: A tentative discussion from the perspective of Mzimba district 1938–1963." South African Journal of Economic History 20, no. 1 (March 2005): 18–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10113430509511177.

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5

Kretzer, M. M., S. Engler, J. Gondwe, and E. Trost. "Fighting resource scarcity – sustainability in the education system of Malawi – case study of Karonga, Mzimba and Nkhata Bay district." South African Geographical Journal 99, no. 3 (October 17, 2016): 235–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03736245.2016.1231624.

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6

Gumma, Murali Krishna, Takuji W. Tsusaka, Irshad Mohammed, Geoffrey Chavula, N. V. P. R. Ganga Rao, Patrick Okori, Christopher O. Ojiewo, Rajeev Varshney, Moses Siambi, and Anthony Whitbread. "Monitoring Changes in the Cultivation of Pigeonpea and Groundnut in Malawi Using Time Series Satellite Imagery for Sustainable Food Systems." Remote Sensing 11, no. 12 (June 21, 2019): 1475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11121475.

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Malawi, in south-eastern Africa, is one of the poorest countries in the world. Food security in the country hinges on rainfed systems in which maize and sorghum are staple cereals and groundnut and pigeonpea are now major grain legume crops. While the country has experienced a considerable reduction in forest lands, population growth and demand for food production have seen an increase in the area dedicated to agricultural crops. From 2010, pigeonpea developed into a major export crop, and is commonly intercropped with cereals or grown in double-up legume systems. Information on the spatial extent of these crops is useful for estimating food supply, understanding export potential, and planning policy changes as examples of various applications. Remote sensing analysis offers a number of efficient approaches to deliver spatial, reproducible data on land use and land cover (LULC) and changes therein. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) products (fortnightly and monthly) and derived phenological parameters assist in mapping cropland areas during the agricultural season, with explicit focus on redistributed farmland. Owing to its low revisit time and the availability of long-term period data, MODIS offers several advantages, e.g., the possibility of obtaining cloud-free Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) profile and an analysis using one methodology applied to one sensor at regular acquisition dates, avoiding incomparable results. To assess the expansion of areas used in the production of pigeonpea and groundnut resulting from the release of new varieties, the spatial distribution of cropland areas was mapped using MODIS NDVI 16-day time-series products (MOD13Q1) at a spatial resolution of 250 m for the years 2010–2011 and 2016–2017. The resultant cropland extent map was validated using intensive ground survey data. Pigeonpea is mostly grown in the southern dry districts of Mulanje, Phalombe, Chiradzulu, Blantyre and Mwanza and parts of Balaka and Chikwawa as a groundnut-pigeonpea intercrop, and sorghum-pigeonpea intercrop in Mzimba district. By 2016, groundnut extent had increased in Mwanza, Mulanje, and Phalombe and fallen in Mzimba. The result indicates that the area planted with pigeonpea had increased by 29% (75,000 ha) from 2010–2011 to 2016–2017. Pigeonpea expansion in recent years has resulted from major export opportunities to Asian countries like India, and its consumption by Asian expatriates all over the world. This study provides useful information for policy changes and the prioritization of resources allocated to sustainable food production and to support smallholder farmers.

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7

Funsani, Priscilla, Hong Jiang, Xiaoguang Yang, Atupele Zimba, Thokozani Bvumbwe, and Xu Qian. "Why pregnant women delay to initiate and utilize free antenatal care service: a qualitative study in theSouthern District of Mzimba, Malawi." Global Health Journal 5, no. 2 (June 2021): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.glohj.2021.04.001.

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8

Wezzie Khomera, Sphiwe, Moses Fayiah, and Simeon Gwayi. "Challenges Faced by Learners with Hearing Impairments in a Special School Environment: A Case Study of Embangweni Primary School for the Deaf, Mzimba District, Malawi." World Journal of Vocational Education and Training 2, no. 1 (2020): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.119.2020.21.21.36.

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9

Rieger, Kerstin, Rochelle H. Holm, and Helen Sheridan. "Access to groundwater and link to the impact on quality of life: A look at the past, present and future public health needs in Mzimba District, Malawi." Groundwater for Sustainable Development 2-3 (August 2016): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2016.07.002.

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10

Katengeza, Samson P., Julius Juma Okello, and Noel Jambo. "Use of Mobile Phone Technology in Agricultural Marketing." International Journal of ICT Research and Development in Africa 2, no. 2 (July 2011): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jictrda.2011070102.

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The mobile phone technology is an important tool to enhance farmers’ access to better paying agricultural markets. The study reports the results of a household study in Mwanza, Dedza and Mzimba Districts of Malawi. The study assesses drivers of adoption of mobile phone technology for agricultural marketing by smallholder farmers. The study used regression techniques to identify drivers and extent of mobile phone use. Results show that use is positively affected by literacy, distance to local market, land size, current value of assets, crop income, and region variations but negatively influenced by access to electricity. Intensity of use is conditioned by gender, participation in agricultural projects, ownership of a mobile phone, current asset value, distance to nearest public phone services, and region variations. Asset endowment plays a critical role in enhancing adoption of mobile phone technology. Gender disparities significantly affect adoption as most women have limited access to assets. The study suggests the need to improve farmers’ access to mobile phones for agricultural marketing. It recommends that government, in collaboration with mobile network operators, should reduce calling tariffs to enhance use, gender disparities in accessing assets should be minimised, and investment in supporting infrastructure must be enhanced.

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11

Galafa, Beaton. "A Grammatical Sketch of Chitumbuka." International Journal of Linguistics 10, no. 4 (August 23, 2018): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v10i4.13385.

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The paper provides a grammatical sketch of Chitumbuka, a language widely spoken in the northern region of Malawi, and therefore used as a lingua franca in the region. The paper focuses on four key linguistic aspects of the language in its analysis. These include phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics. Data analysis followed interviews with native speakers of the language drawn from four districts of Mzimba, Rumphi, Nkhata Bay and Kasungu. There was also a significant reliance on data from published materials exploring the language. The paper agrees with available literature ascertaining the existence of 5 vowels and 27 consonant phonemes, a CV syllable structure, assimilation and strengthening processes in the language. It also shows that Chitumbuka is not a tonal language. The paper further ascertains the existence of 18 noun classes in the language and a complex verbal morphology with different types of markers for subject, object and tense. It also shows that the general sentence structure of Chitumbuka is Subject-Verb-Object with several other possible alterations. The paper ends with an exploration of loan words in the language and the realization of the notions of borrow and lend through a single lexical item.

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12

Seetha, Anitha, Takuji W. Tsusaka, Timalizge W. Munthali, Maggie Musukwa, Agnes Mwangwela, Zione Kalumikiza, Tinna Manani, et al. "How immediate and significant is the outcome of training on diversified diets, hygiene and food safety? An effort to mitigate child undernutrition in rural Malawi." Public Health Nutrition 21, no. 6 (January 17, 2018): 1156–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980017003652.

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AbstractObjectiveThe present study examined the impacts of training on nutrition, hygiene and food safety designed by the Nutrition Working Group, Child Survival Collaborations and Resources Group (CORE).DesignAdapted from the 21d Positive Deviance/Hearth model, mothers were trained on the subjects of appropriate complementary feeding, water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) practices, and aflatoxin contamination in food. To assess the impacts on child undernutrition, a randomised controlled trial was implemented on a sample of 179 mothers and their children (<2 years old) in two districts of Malawi, namely Mzimba and Balaka.SettingsA 21d intensive learning-by-doing process using the positive deviance approach.SubjectsMalawian children and mothers.ResultsDifference-in-difference panel regression analysis revealed that the impacts of the comprehensive training were positive and statistically significant on the Z-scores for wasting and underweight, where the effects increased constantly over time within the 21d time frame. As for stunting, the coefficients were not statistically significant during the 21d programme, although the level of significance started increasing in 2 weeks, indicating that stunting should also be alleviated in a slightly longer time horizon.ConclusionsThe study clearly suggests that comprehensive training immediately guides mothers into improved dietary and hygiene practices, and that improved practices take immediate and progressive effects in ameliorating children’s undernutrition.

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13

Bhatti, Muhammad Azher, Sosheel Solomon Godfrey, Ryan H. L. Ip, Chipo Kachiwala, Håvard Hovdhaugen, Liveness J. Banda, Moses Limuwa, Peter C. Wynn, Tormod Ådnøy, and Lars Olav Eik. "Diversity of Sources of Income for Smallholder Farming Communities in Malawi: Importance for Improved Livelihood." Sustainability 13, no. 17 (August 26, 2021): 9599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179599.

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Agriculture is vital to global food production. Around 550 million smallholding households produce most of the world’s food, and many rely on livestock rearing for a living. Smallholder farms must survive and thrive to maintain and increase food production. Baseline information is vital for further extension service interventions. The goal of this Malawian study was to collect quantitative baseline data on crop and livestock production, agriproduct sales, and other indicators through a household survey, and to compare the efficacy (in terms of income) of using the concept of “Lead and Follow” farmer training programs. The baseline study survey was carried out in 44 sections of 11 extension planning areas from Malawi’s five districts (Dowa, Kasungu, Mchinji, Mzimba, and Rumphi). In total, 1131 smallholder households were interviewed. Crop production, livestock farming, and providing casual labor for others were all identified as significant sources of income for smallholders, implying that all agriproducts (the whole-farm approach) is equally important for improving smallholder livelihoods. On the one hand, the whole-farm approach should improve smallholders’ resilience regarding climate change and poverty. Lower agriproduct sales, on the other hand, indicated that links to the market were frequently poor but an increased market focus should help smallholders sell their produce at a fair margin. In terms of best practices adoption, both Lead and Follow farmers adopted similar farm practices (crops and livestock) to increase income. In general, no significant difference in income was calculated from many farm enterprises for both Lead and Follow farmers. However, the income from pigs and firewood was significantly higher for Follow farmers than for Lead farmers. Lead farmers reported significantly higher off-farm income sources. Significant changes are proposed to the “Lead farmer extension approach”.

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14

"International Labour Out-Migration in Mzimba District, Malawi: Why Persistent?" International Journal of Research in Geography 4, no. 2 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2454-8685.0402002.

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15

Mwale, M., and A. S. Muula. "The impact of Behaviour Change Intervention (BCI) on adolescent HIV risk reduction in selected schools in Northren Malawi." Afrika Focus 33, no. 2 (December 20, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/af.v33i2.17579.

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Introduction: We conducted a study to explore the impact of adolescent exposure to HIV and AIDS behaviour change Interventions (BCI) on their HIV risk reduction and sexual behaviour change in some selected secondary schools in the district of Mzimba, district of Nkhata Bay and Mzuzu city in Northern Malawi. Methods: We used mixed methods in a descriptive survey design triangulating both quantitative and qualitative approaches, with questionnaires and focus groups as instruments for data collection. Adolescent boys and girls [n = 552], were randomly sampled to participate in the quantitative component. For qualitative focus groups we sampled participants purposively. We analyzed quantitative data through multiple regression analysis. On the other hand qualitative data was analyzed through thematic content analysis.Results: Multiple regression analysis indicated that exposure to BCI did not impact risk reduction [Beta = -.082, p= .053, p > .05]. Qualitative focus group findings showed that proximate correlates such as: early sexual debut, lack of condom use, drug related sex, multiple and concurrent partnerships drive infection. Distal structural factors in socio-cultural, gender disparities and poverty were also noted drivers of sexual risk taking in the study area.Conclusion: Studies aimed to inform HIV prevention through top-down design of models involving primary beneficiaries are vital for the registering of positive outcomes in HIV programming for young people. Apart from identifying factors driving high HIV incidence in the study area, the study informed an intervention to test the efficacy of a risk reduction behavioural model [RRBM] developed and designed with input from adolescent participants. KEY WORDS: ADOLESCENT, HIV AND AIDS, BEHAVIOUR CHANGE, RISK REDUCTION, MALAWI

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