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Journal articles on the topic 'N-isocyanates'

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1

Xiao, Hong, Han X. Xiao, Kurt C. Frisch, and Nelson Malwitz. "Kinetic studies of the reactions between isocyanates and carboxylic acids." High Performance Polymers 6, no. 3 (1994): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-0083/6/3/006.

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Reaction kinetic studies between isocyanates and carboxylic acids were undertaken to evaluate the kinetic parameters. Various isocyanates (phenyl isocyanate, cyclohexyl isocyanate) and carboxylic acids (acetic acid, n-butyric acid, isobutyric acid, dimethylbutyric acid and benzoic acid) were used to study the kinetics of the reactions at different temperatures and in different solvents. It was found that these reactions followed the rate law of second-order reaction. From the Arrhenius plot, the activation energies of these reactions were computed.
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2

Nyquist, Richard A., Davin A. Luoma, and Curt L. Putzig. "Vibrational Study of Alkyl Isocyanates in Solution." Applied Spectroscopy 46, no. 6 (1992): 972–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702924124394.

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The vasym. NCO frequencies for alkyl isocyanates occur at higher frequency in CHCl3 solution than in CCl4 solution. With the exception of tert-butyl isocyanate, the vasym. NCO mode increases in frequency as the mole % CHCl3/CCl4 increases. The vasym. NCO mode for tert-butyl analog increases in frequency up to a certain mole % CHCl3/CCl4 and then vasym. NCO decreases in frequency. The vasym. NCO mode for n-butyl isocyanate occurs at an exceptionally high frequency for the alkyl isocyanate studied, and this result is explained in terms of the formation of a pseudo six-membered intermolecular hyd
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3

Dashkin, Ratmir R., Dmitry A. Gordeev, Khusrav Kh Gafurov, and Sergey N. Mantrov. "Preparation of isocyanates by carbamates thermolysis on the example of butyl isocyanate." Butlerov Communications 58, no. 4 (2019): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/19-58-4-40.

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Butyl isocyanate is widely distributed as a precursor for the production of a number of biologically active substances: fungicides, preservatives, insecticides, personal care products, etc. Nowadays, there are a number of methods for the preparation of isocyanates, which can be divided into liquid phase and gas phase. One of the perspective methods for the production of isocyanates is the thermolysis of carbamate and/or the actions of various reaction activating agents, accompanied by the elimination of alcohol, but this process is reversible, which greatly complicates its use in industry. The
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4

Balci, Metin. "Acyl Azides: Versatile Compounds in the Synthesis of Various Heterocycles­." Synthesis 50, no. 07 (2018): 1373–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1589527.

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Carbon–nitrogen bond formation is one of the most important reactions in organic chemistry. Various synthetic strategies for the generation of C–N bonds are described in the literature. For example, primary amines can be easily synthesized by the thermal decomposition of an acyl azide to an isocyanate, i.e. the Curtis rearrangement, followed by hydrolysis; the Curtius rearrangement has been used extensively. Furthermore, the advantage of the Curtius rearrangement is the isolation of acyl azides as well as the corresponding isocyanates. The isocyanates can be converted into various nitrogen-con
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5

Himbert, Gerhard, and Oliver Gerulat. "Einige Umsetzungen von Inhydrazinen mit Isocyanaten: [2+2]- und [4+2]Cycloadditionen, (Hydrazinoethinyl)metallierung / Some Reactions of Ynehydrazines with Isocyanates: [2+2]- and [4+2]Cycloadditions, (Hydrazinoethynyl)metallation." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 56, no. 11 (2001): 1196–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2001-1115.

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The (silylethynyl)- and the (tolylethinyl)-hydrazines 1a and 1b react with aryl isocyanates 2a-e and arylsulfonyl isocyanates 2f,g to form the corresponding substituted 3-arylimino-(or arylsulfonylimino-) 1,1,2-trimethyl-5-oxopyrazolidinium-4-ides 3a-h. The silyl group in the 4-position can be replaced by a hydrogen atom (formation of 6a-e). Heating of 6d in toluene induced the unequivocal transformation of the betaine to an isomer, the spectrocopic data of which are in concordance with those of the 4-quinolone derivative 7. Aroyl isocyanates 8 react in a [4+2]cycloaddition with la to furnish
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6

Choi, Moonhyun, Maeng Gi Kim, Kevin Injoe Jung, et al. "Reactivity and Curing Efficiency of Isocyanate Cross-Linkers with Imidazole-Based Blocking Agents for Low-Temperature Curing of Automotive Clearcoats." Coatings 10, no. 10 (2020): 974. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10100974.

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For the application of low-temperature curing on automotive clearcoats, isocyanate cross-linkers blocked with imidazole derivatives were newly synthesized. The effect of the alkyl groups in the imidazole derivatives on the deblocking behavior and curing kinetics was investigated. The free isocyanate groups exposed by the deblocking of imidazole-based blocking agents were monitored by real-time Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The bond dissociation energy, activation energy of deblocking, and H–N distance were interpreted through density functional theory simulation of various imidazole
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7

Carramiñana, Victor, Ana M. Ochoa de Retana, Francisco Palacios, and Jesús M. de los Santos. "Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity of Phosphorus Substituted 4-Cyanooxazolines, 2-Aminocyanooxazolines, 2-Iminocyanooxazolidines and 2-Aminocyanothiazolines by Rearrangement of Cyanoaziridines." Molecules 26, no. 14 (2021): 4265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144265.

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Several phosphorus-substituted N-acylated cyanoaziridines 2 and N-carbamoylated cyanoziridines 5 were prepared in good to high yields. N-Acylated cyanoaziridines 2 were used, after ring expansion, in an efficient synthesis of oxazoline derivative 3a and in a completely regio-controlled reaction in the presence of NaI. Conversely, N-carbamoyl cyanoaziridines 5 reacted with NaI to obtain a regioisomeric mixture of 2-aminocyanooxazolines 7. Mild acidic conditions can be used for the isomerization of N-thiocarbamoyl cyanoaziridine 6a into a 2-aminocyanothiazoline derivative 8a by using BF3·OEt2 as
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8

Gorbatenko, V., and L. Lur'e. "The Synthesis of N-Alkyl-N-aroylaminocarbonyl Isocyanates." Synthesis 1982, no. 11 (2002): 948. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-1982-30013.

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9

Chalid, Mochamad. "Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Polyurethanes Based on N,N'-1,2-Ethanediylbis-(4-Hydroxy-Pentanamide) and 4-Hydroxy-N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-Pentanamide." Advanced Materials Research 277 (July 2011): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.277.112.

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As diols, N,N'-1,2-ethanediylbis-(4-hydroxy-pentanamide) (1) and 4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-pentanamide (2)) are versatile precursors for the manufacture of bio-polymers. Polymer design, by exploiting the variation in structure of both diol and di-isocyanate monomers, such as backbone structure and presence of functional groups, appears to be a promising biopolymer engineering pathway to synthesize polyurethanes. Both diols (1) and (2) were then polymerized by reaction with aliphatic and aromatic di-isocyanates at 140 °C in (N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) solvents using triethylamine (TEA) cata
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10

Yin, Haolin, Patrick J. Carroll, and Eric J. Schelter. "Reactions of a cerium(iii) amide with heteroallenes: insertion, silyl-migration and de-insertion." Chemical Communications 52, no. 63 (2016): 9813–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc03719d.

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Reactions of Ce[N(SiMe<sub>3</sub>)Ph<sup>F</sup>]<sub>3</sub> (–Ph<sup>F</sup> = pentafluorophenyl) toward small molecules of the type E<sub>1</sub>CE<sub>2</sub> (E<sub>1</sub>, E<sub>2</sub> = O, S, NR), including carbon disulfide, carbodiimide, carbon dioxide, isocyanate and isothiocyanate are reported, resulting in distinct products, including cerium(iii) dithiocarbamate, cerium(iii) guanidinate, isocyanates and unsymmetric carbodiimides.
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11

Breinbauer, Rolf, Marko Kljajic, and Thomas Schlatzer. "Synthesis of 2-Pyrrolidinones by Palladium-Catalyzed [3+2] Cycloaddition of Isocyanates." Synlett 30, no. 05 (2019): 581–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1610692.

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Pd/DPEphos catalyzes the [3+2] cycloaddition of various alkyl isocyanates with 2-acetoxymethyl-3-allyltrimethylsilane as a synthetic equivalent of trimethylenemethane (TMM). Taking advantage of 2-acetoxymethyl-3-allyltrimethylsilane acting both as nucleophile as well as electrophile this reaction gives a convenient access to 5-ring lactams with an exocyclic alkene moiety. The formation of the β,γ-unsaturated 2-pyrrolidinones occurs without olefin isomerization and without epimerization of the stereogenic centers. Mechanistic investigations suggest an initial N-allylation of the isocyanate foll
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12

Matveev, Yu I., and S. V. Sereda. "Reaction of 1,1-difluoroalkyl isocyanates with N-trimethylsilyl-N?-phenylcarbodiimide." Journal of Structural Chemistry 32, no. 3 (1992): 401–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00745756.

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13

Rudchenko, V. F., S. M. Ignatov, and R. G. Kostyanovskii. "Reactions of N,N-dimethoxyamine with acid chlorides and isocyanates." Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Division of Chemical Science 38, no. 10 (1989): 2195–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00962148.

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14

Chalid, Mochamad, Hans J. Heeres та Antonius A. Broekhuis. "A Study on the Structure of Novel Polyurethanes Derived from γ-Valerolactone-Based Diol Precursors". Advanced Materials Research 789 (вересень 2013): 274–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.789.274.

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As versatile biomass-based diol precursors, N,N'-1,2-ethanediylbis-(4-hydroxy-pentanamide) (1) and 4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-pentanamide (2) are potential monomers to synthesize novel polyurethanes through adding di-isocyanates. This study reported the structural analysis and molecular behavior of polyurethanes obtained from polymerization of the diol precursors with aliphatic and aromatic di-isocyanates (hexamethylene diisocyanate, HDI (3), and phenyl-diisocyanate, PDI (4)) in (N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) solvents with triethylamine (TEA) catalysts.1H-NMR,13C-NMR and Elemental Analysis con
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15

Cook, Robert. "Flexibility in rigid rod poly(n-alkyl isocyanates)." Macromolecules 20, no. 8 (1987): 1961–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00174a046.

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16

VOVK, M. V., and V. I. DOROKHOV. "ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of 1-Chloroalkyl Isocyanates with N,N′-Dimethylurea." ChemInform 24, no. 7 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199307182.

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17

Li, Chengkai, Wuchao Zhao, Jianghua He, and Yuetao Zhang. "Highly efficient cyclotrimerization of isocyanates using N-heterocyclic olefins under bulk conditions." Chemical Communications 55, no. 83 (2019): 12563–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc06402h.

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18

Mormann, Werner, and Axel Grimm. "Polymers from multifunctional isocyanates, 13. Functional polymers from N-substituted poly(maleimide-alt-isopropenyl isocyanate)s." Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 198, no. 4 (1997): 1281–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1997.021980429.

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19

Vincent-Rocan, Jean-François, Joshua S. Derasp, and André M. Beauchemin. "Diversity-oriented heterocyclic synthesis using divergent reactivity of N-substituted iso(thio)cyanates." Chemical Communications 51, no. 91 (2015): 16405–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc07212c.

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20

Williams, F. Cardias, and M. D. Hale. "The Resistance of Wood Chemically Modified with Isocyanates. Part 1. Brown Rot, White Rot and Acid Chlorite Delignification." Holzforschung 53, no. 3 (1999): 230–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.1999.039.

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Summary This study was to assess the bioprotectant performance of chemical modification with three different isocyanates (n-butyl, hexyl and 1,6-diisocyanatohexane, BuNCO, HeNCO and HDI respectively) in Corsican pine (Pinus nigra Schneid) sapwood. Wood-isocyanate bond formation was verified by the increase in sample weight, volume and by infra-red spectroscopy. Basidiomycete (Coniophora puteana, Gloeophyllum trabeum, Coriolus versicolor, Pycnoporus sanguineus) decay tests demonstrated protection by chemical modification. The relationships of fungal species, weight percent gain (WPG), and decay
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21

Katritzky, Alan R., Vladimir Vvedensky, Boris V. Rogovoy, Katherine Kovalenko, Eduardo Torres, and Behrouz Forood. "Solid-Phase Synthesis of N,N-DisubstitutedS,N‘-Diarylisothioureas: Facile Exchange Reactions of Isocyanates." Journal of Combinatorial Chemistry 4, no. 4 (2002): 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cc0101019.

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22

Beauchemin, André, and Jean-François Vincent-Rocan. "N-Isocyanates, N-Isothiocyanates and Their Masked/Blocked Derivatives: Synthesis and Reactivity." Synthesis 48, no. 21 (2016): 3625–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1588066.

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23

Vavasori, Andrea, and Lucio Ronchin. "Phosgene-free synthesis of 1,3-diphenylurea via catalyzed reductive carbonylation of nitrobenzene." Pure and Applied Chemistry 84, no. 3 (2012): 473–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-11-07-15.

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1,3-Diphenylurea (DPU) has been proposed as a synthetic intermediate for phosgene-free synthesis of methyl N-phenylcarbamate and phenyl isocyanate, which are easily obtained from the urea by reaction with methanol. Such an alternative route to synthesis of carbamates and isocyanates necessitates an improved phosgene-free synthesis of the corresponding urea. In this work, it is reported that Pd(II)-diphosphine catalyzed reductive carbonylation of nitrobenzene in acetic acid (AcOH)-methanol proceeds in high yield and selectivity as a one-step synthesis of DPU. We have found that the catalytic ac
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24

VOVK, M. V., and L. I. SAMARAI. "ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Aryl Isocyanates by Mild Thermolysis of N-Acyl-N,N′- diarylureas." ChemInform 23, no. 15 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199215143.

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25

Gerulat, Oliver, Gerhard Himbert, and Uwe Bergsträßer. "Five-membered Betaines from Reaction of N,N’,N’-Trimethyl-N-(trimethylsilyl-ethynyl)hydrazine with Aryl Isocyanates." Synlett 1995, no. 08 (1995): 835–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-1995-5080.

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26

Bottaro, Jeffrey C., Paul E. Penwell, and Robert J. Schmitt. "A New Synthesis of Alkyl-N,N-dinitramines by Direct Nitration of Isocyanates." Synthetic Communications 21, no. 7 (1991): 945–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00397919108019779.

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27

Batrice, Rami J., and Moris S. Eisen. "Catalytic insertion of E–H bonds (E = C, N, P, S) into heterocumulenes by amido–actinide complexes." Chemical Science 7, no. 2 (2016): 939–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sc02746b.

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28

Su, Weike, Bibo Yang, and Yongshu Li. "A Novel Synthesis of N-substituted 2-(benzotriazol-1-yl) Acetamides Promoted by Samarium Diiodide." Journal of Chemical Research 2002, no. 11 (2002): 542–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/030823402103170934.

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29

Nagasawa, Herbert T., William E. Smith, Chul Hoon Kwon, and David J. W. Goon. "Acetylative cleavage of (arylsulfonyl)ureas to N-acetylarenesulfonamides and isocyanates." Journal of Organic Chemistry 50, no. 24 (1985): 4993–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00224a077.

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30

Rigby, James H., and Zhengqiang Wang. "[4 + 1] Cycloaddition of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes with Vinyl Isocyanates." Organic Letters 4, no. 24 (2002): 4289–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol026927g.

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31

Bongers, Amanda, Indee Ranasinghe, Philippe Lemire, Alyssa Perozzo, Jean-François Vincent-Rocan, and André M. Beauchemin. "Synthesis of Cyclic Azomethine Imines by Cycloaddition Reactions of N-Isocyanates and N-Isothiocyanates." Organic Letters 18, no. 15 (2016): 3778–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01788.

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32

Prager, RH, and ST Were. "On the Reaction of Vinyl Isocyanates With Enamines." Australian Journal of Chemistry 44, no. 11 (1991): 1635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9911635.

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33

Ye, Guozhong, William P. Henry, Chunlong Chen, Aihua Zhou, and Charles U. Pittman. "Push–pull alkenes by reacting N,N′-dimethyl cyclic ketene N,N′-acetals with isocyanates: synthesis, structures, and reactivities." Tetrahedron Letters 50, no. 18 (2009): 2135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.02.160.

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34

GERULAT, O., G. HIMBERT, and U. BERGSTRAESSER. "ChemInform Abstract: Five-Membered Betaines from Reaction of N,N′,N′-Trimethyl-N-( trimethylsilyl-ethynyl)hydrazine with Aryl Isocyanates." ChemInform 27, no. 2 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199602155.

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35

Horsley Downie, Thomas M., Jonathan W. Hall, Thomas P. Collier Finn, et al. "The first ring-expanded NHC–copper(i) phosphides as catalysts in the highly selective hydrophosphination of isocyanates." Chemical Communications 56, no. 87 (2020): 13359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cc05694d.

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The first copper(i) phosphides supported by ring-expanded N-heterocyclic carbenes have been synthesised and react readily with heterocumulenes. These copper(i) phosphides are highly active and selective in the hydrophosphination of isocyanates.
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36

Karger, Kerstin, Katharina Bechthold, and Gerhard Maas. "Derivatives of the triaminoguanidinium ion, 7: unsymmetrically substituted N,N',N''-triaminoguanidinium salts via a cyclopentanone spiroaminal intermediate." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 75, no. 6-7 (2020): 517–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2020-0004.

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AbstractN,N′,N″-Triaminoguanidinium chloride (TAG-Cl) reacts with cyclopentanone or cyclohexanone to afford 8-(2-cyclopentylidenehydrazinyl)-6,7,9,10-tetraazaspiro[4.5]decan-8-ylium and 3-(2-cyclohexylidenehydrazinyl)-1,2,4,5-tetraazaspiro[5,5]undecan-3-ylium salts, respectively, i. e., two arms of the TAG ion were engaged in spiroaminal formation and the NH2 group of the third arm underwent imine-forming condensation. Ring-opening reactions of the cyclopentanone derived spiroaminal with aldehydes, aryl ketones, aromatic or aliphatic isocyanates give access to a variety of unsymmetrically subs
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37

Dodonov, Vladimir A., Weixing Chen, Yanxia Zhao, et al. "Gallium “Shears” for C=N and C=O Bonds of Isocyanates." Chemistry – A European Journal 25, no. 35 (2019): 8259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201900517.

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38

Keep, G. T., and R. Pecora. "Dynamics of rodlike macromolecules in nondilute solutions: poly(n-alkyl isocyanates)." Macromolecules 21, no. 3 (1988): 817–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00181a045.

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39

Hart, R. "Dérivés N-vinyliques I. Synthèse des isocyanates de vinyle et d'isopropényle." Bulletin des Sociétés Chimiques Belges 65, no. 3-4 (2010): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bscb.19560650307.

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40

Berlin, P. A., M. A. Levina, R. P. Tiger, and S. G. Entelis. "Polymer-supported catalysts in nucleophilic addition of n-butanol to isocyanates." Journal of Molecular Catalysis 64, no. 1 (1991): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-5102(91)85124-k.

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41

Myannik, K. A., I. S. Semenova, V. N. Yarovenko, and M. M. Krayushkin. "Synthesis of 3-(N-arylcarbamoyl)chromones from 2-hydroxyarylaminoenones and isocyanates." Russian Chemical Bulletin 68, no. 1 (2019): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11172-019-2423-5.

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42

Almansour, Abdulrahman I. "Novel nucleophilic addition to the NC bond of silicon isocyanates: conversion of some sterically hindered organosilicon isocyanates into aminosilanes." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 533, no. 1-2 (1997): 57–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-328x(96)06838-6.

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43

BOTTARO, J. C., P. E. PENWELL, and R. J. SCHMITT. "ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of Alkyl-N,N-dinitramines by Direct Nitration of Isocyanates." ChemInform 22, no. 50 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199150090.

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44

Härling, Stephan, Julia Greiser, Tareq M. A. Al-Shboul, Helmar Görls, Sven Krieck, and Matthias Westerhausen. "Calcium-mediated Hydrophosphorylation of Organic Isocyanates with Diphenylphosphane Oxide." Australian Journal of Chemistry 66, no. 10 (2013): 1264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch13259.

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The calcium-mediated addition of diphenylphosphane oxide to organic isocyanates and isothiocyanates yields N-alkyl and N-aryl substituted diphenylphosphorylformamides (E = O, R = iPr, tBu, cHex, Ph, C6H4-4-Br, C6H2-2,4,6-Me3, and Naph) and -thioformamides (E = S, R = iPr, cHex, Ph, and C6H4-4-Me), respectively, of the type Ph2P(O)–C(E)–N(H)R. All derivatives were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy as well as X-ray diffraction experiments. The wavenumbers of the N–H stretching modes are smaller for the thio analogues and N-aryl substituents. In the solid state all formamides and thioforma
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45

Baashen, Mohammed A. "Synthesis of N,N'-Diacylhydrazines and their Use in Various Synthetic Transformations." Current Organic Chemistry 25, no. 12 (2021): 1394–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272825666210505105032.

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Background: N,N'-Diacylhydrazines are involved in many synthetic transformations. The current work reviews the synthesis of N,N'-diacylhydrazines and their use in various synthetic transformations. Results: Three synthetic routes are commonly used to produce N,N'-diacylhydrazines. They are produced through the coupling of acyl chlorides and carbohydrazides, the reaction of hydrazine hydrate and carboxylic acids or isocyanates, and the dimerization of carbohydrazides. They can be oxidized to produce the corresponding esters and act as precursors in the synthesis of various heterocycles such as
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46

R. Katritzky, Alan, Xiaohong Cai, Vladimir Y. Vvedensky, Boris V. Rogovoy, Behrouz Forood, and Normand Hebert. "N-Arylation by Aryl Isocyanates as a General Reaction: Useful Route to Disubstituted S,N- Diarylisothioureas." HETEROCYCLES 57, no. 10 (2002): 1799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3987/com-02-9521.

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47

Viganò, M., M. Levi, S. Turri, M. Chiari, and F. Damin. "New copolymers of N,N-dimethylacrylamide with blocked isocyanates for oligonucleotide immobilization in DNA microarray technology." Polymer 48, no. 14 (2007): 4055–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2007.05.019.

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TANNO, Masayuki, Shoko SUEYOSHI, and Shozo KAMIYA. "Thermolysis of N-aryl-N-nitrosoureas to afford aryl isocyanates and nitrosamines via O-nitrosoisourea intermediates." CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN 38, no. 10 (1990): 2644–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.38.2644.

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Sbihi, Hassen, Mohamed Beji, and Ahmed Baklouti. "Reaction of Acids and Diacids with Aroxy(alcoxy)sulfonyl Isocyanates: Synthesis of N-Acylsulfamates, Disulfamates, and N,N′-Disulfonylureas." Synthetic Communications 38, no. 15 (2008): 2490–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00397910802219114.

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Khan, Ijaz, Babar Hussain Shah, Can Zhao, Feng Xu, and Yong Jian Zhang. "Pd-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Cycloaddition of N-Containing Allylic Carbonates with Isocyanates." Organic Letters 21, no. 23 (2019): 9452–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03662.

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