Academic literature on the topic 'N.R.D.M.S. Project (India)'

This study aim to attempt mapping out the Land Use or Land Cover (LULC) status of Regional Project Coordination Committee (RPCC) between 2009-2019 with a view of detecting the land consumption rate and the changes that has taken place using RS and GIS techniques; serving as a precursor to the further study on urban induced variations or change in weather pattern of the cityn Rangpur City Corporation(RCC) is the main administrative functional area for both of Rangpur City and Rangpur division and experiencing a rapid changes in the field of urban sprawl, cultural and physical landscape,city growth. These agents of Land use or Land cover (LULC) varieties are responsible for multi-dimensional problems such as traffic congestion, waterlogging, and solid waste disposal, loss of agricultural land. In this regard, this study fulfills LULC changes by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) as well as field survey was conducted for the measurement of change detection. The sources of data were Landsat 7 ETM and landsat 8 OLI/TIRS of both C1 level 1. Then after correcting the data, geometrically and radiometrically change detection and combined classification (supervised & unsupervised) were used. The study finds LULC changes built-up area, water source, agricultural land, bare soil in a change of percentage is 17.23, 2.58, -9.94, -10.19 respectively between 2009 and 2019. Among these changes, bare soil is changed to a great extent, which indicates the expansion of urban areas is utilizing the land to a proper extent. Keywords: Urban expansion; land use; land cover; remote sensing; geographic information system (GIS); Rangpur City Corporation(RCC). References Al Rifat, S. A., & Liu, W. (2019). Quantifying spatiotemporal patterns and major explanatory factors of urban expansion in miami metropolitan area during 1992-2016. Remote Sensing, 11(21) doi:10.3390/rs11212493 Arimoro AO, Fagbeja MA, Eedy W. (2002). The Need and Use of Geographic Information Systems for Environmental Impact Assessment in Africa: With Example from Ten Years Experience in Nigeria. AJEAM/RAGEE, 4(2), 16-27. Belal, A.A. and Moghanm, F.S. (2011).Detecting Urban Growth Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques in Al Gharbiya Governorate, Egypt.The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science, 14, 73-79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrs.2011.09.001 Dewan, A.M. and Yamaguchi, Y. (2009). Using Remote Sensing and GIS to Detect and Monitor and Use and Land Cover Change in Dhaka Metropolitan of Bangladesh during 1960-2005. Environmental Monitor Assessment, 150, 237- 249. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0226-5 Djimadoumngar, K.-N., & Adegoke, J. (2018). Satellite-Based Assessment of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) Changes around Lake Fitri, Republic of Chad. Journal of Sustainable Development, 11(5), 71. doi:10.5539/jsd.v11n5p71 Edwards, B., Frasch, T., & Jeyacheya, J. (2019). Evaluating the effectiveness of land-use zoning for the protection of built heritage in the bagan archaeological zone, Myanmar—A satellite remote-sensing approach. Land use Policy, 88 doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104174 Fallati, L., Savini, A., Sterlacchini, S., & Galli, P. (2017). Land use and land cover (LULC) of the Republic of the Maldives: first national map and LULC change analysis using remote-sensing data. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 189(8). doi:10.1007/s10661-017-6120-2 Fučík, P., Novák, P., & Žížala, D. (2014). A combined statistical approach for evaluation of the effects of land use, agricultural and urban activities on stream water chemistry in small tile-drained catchments of south bohemia, czech republic. Environmental Earth Sciences, 72(6), 2195-2216. doi:10.1007/s12665-014-3131-y Elbeih, S. F., & El-Zeiny, A. M. (2018). Qualitative assessment of groundwater quality based on land use spectral retrieved indices: Case study sohag governorate, egypt. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 10, 82-92. doi:10.1016/j.rsase.2018.03.001 Fasal, S. (2000). Urban expansion and loss of agricultural land – A GIS based study of Saharanpur City, India. Environment and Urbanization, 12(2), 133 – 149 He, S., Wang, X., Dong, J., Wei, B., Duan, H., Jiao, J., & Xie, Y. (2019). Three-dimensional urban expansion analysis of valley-type cities: A case study of chengguan district, lanzhou, china. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(20) doi:10.3390/su11205663 Heimlich, R.E and W.D. Anderson. (2001). Development at the Urban Fringe and Beyond: Impacts on Agriculture and Rural Land. 803, Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington D.C., pg 80 Im, N., Kawamura, K., Suwandana, E., & Sakuno, Y. (2014). Monitoring land use and land cover effects on water quality in cheung ek lake using ASTER images. American Journal of Environmental Sciences, 11(1), 1-12. doi:10.3844/ajessp.2015.1.12 Kalnay, E., & Cai, M. (2003). Impact of urbanization and land-use change on climate. Nature, 423(6939), 528-531. doi:10.1038/nature01675 Matlhodi, B., Kenabatho, P. K., Parida, B. P., & Maphanyane, J. G. (2019). Evaluating land use and land cover change in the gaborone dam catchment, botswana, from 1984-2015 using GIS and remote sensing. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(19) doi:10.3390/su11195174 Uddin, M. M. M. (2015). Causal relationship between agriculture, industry and services sector for GDP growth in Bangladesh: An econometric investigation. Journal of Poverty, Investment and Development, 8. Mondal, I., Srivastava, V. K., Roy, P. S., & Talukdar, G. (2014). Using logit model to identify the drivers of landuse landcover change in the lower gangetic basin, india. Paper presented at the International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences - ISPRS Archives, , XL-8(1) 853-859. doi:10.5194/isprsarchives-XL-8-853-2014 Navale, V. B., & Mhaske, S. Y. (2019). Land use/land cover changes in sangamner city by using remote sensing and GIS. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(2), 4614-4621. doi:10.35940/ijrte.B3386.078219 Nicolson, L.D. (1987). The Greening of the cities; Routledge and Kegan Paul, London Nong, D., Fox, J., Miura, T., & Saksena, S. (2015). Built-up Area Change Analysis in Hanoi Using Support Vector Machine Classification of Landsat Multi-Temporal Image Stacks and Population Data. Land, 4(4), 1213–1231. doi:10.3390/land4041213 Park, H., Fan, P., John, R., Ouyang, Z., & Chen, J. (2019). Spatiotemporal changes of informal settlements: Ger districts in ulaanbaatar, mongolia. Landscape and Urban Planning, 191 doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.103630 Rajeshwari D. (2006). Management of the Urban Environment Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems.J. Hum. Ecol., 20(4), 269-277. Retrieved from http://www.krepublishers.com/02_journals/JHE/ Rasul, A., Balzter, H., Ibrahim, G., Hameed, H., Wheeler, J., Adamu, B., … Najmaddin, P. (2018). Applying Built-Up and Bare-Soil Indices from Landsat 8 to Cities in Dry Climates. Land, 7(3), 81. doi:10.3390/land7030081 Risma, Zubair, H., & Paharuddin. (2019). Prediction of land use and land cover (LULC) changes using CA-Markov model in Mamuju Subdistrict. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1341, 082033. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1341/8/082033 Schilling, K. E., Jha, M. K., Zhang, Y.-K., Gassman, P. W., & Wolter, C. F. (2008). Impact of land use and land cover change on the water balance of a large agricultural watershed: Historical effects and future directions. Water Resources Research, 44(7). doi:10.1029/2007wr006644 Copyright (c) 2019 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License

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This paper presents some results of rainfall forecast in the monsoon onset period in South Vietnam, with the use of ensemble Kalman filter to assimilate observation data into the initial field of the model. The study of rainfall forecasts are experimented at the time of Southern monsoon outbreaks for 3 years (2005, 2008 and 2009), corresponding to 18 cases. In each case, there are five trials, including satellite wind data assimilation, upper-air sounding data assimilation, mixed data (satellite wind+upper-air sounding data) assimilation and two controlled trials (one single predictive test and one multi-physical ensemble prediction), which is equivalent to 85 forecasts for one trial. Based on the statistical evaluation of 36 samples (18 meteorological stations and 18 trials), the results show that Kalman filter assimilates satellite wind data to forecast well rainfall at 48 hours and 72 hours ranges. With 24 hour forecasting period, upper-air sounding data assimilation and mixed data assimilation experiments predicted better rainfall than non-assimilation tests. The results of the assessment based on the phase prediction indicators also show that the ensemble Kalman filter assimilating satellite wind data and mixed data sets improve the rain forecasting capability of the model at 48 hours and 72 hour ranges, while the upper-air sounding data assimilation test produces satisfactory results at the 72 hour forecast range, and the multi-physical ensemble test predicted good rainfall at 24 hour and 48 hour forecasts. The results of this research initially lead to a new research approach, Kalman Filter Application that assimilates the existing observation data into input data of the model that can improve the quality of rainfall forecast in Southern Vietnam and overall country in general.References Bui Minh Tuan, Nguyen Minh Truong, 2013. 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The gen us Chilibathynella Noodt , 1963, presently contains two species: C. clandestina Noodt, 1963 and C. australiensis Schmi nke, 1973, fr om Central Chile an d southe r n Australia, respectivel y. A third spe cies, nam ed Chilibathynella kotumsarensis n. sp., is described herein f r om a cave in India. Th e new species has a unique combi n ation o f morphological cha r acters , which, inter alia, include six-segme nted anten na, presence of epip odite on th oraco pod I and of three en dopodal setae on the male thor acopod VIII , inhomonomous row o f spines on uro podal s ymp od, spineless uropod al endopodite, and convex anal operculu m. Some of these characters have not only necessitated pa r tial amendment of the generic diagnosis , but could p r ove of value in phylogenetic studies as well . Furthermore , the discovery of the new species is of interest because it is the first r ecor d of Chilibathynella from Asia as well as the tropical zone , thus filling a huge gap in the global distrib ution of t his genus.

ABSTRACT Rising number of infertile males in India provokes the need of evidence-based comprehensive formula addressing unattended causes of male infertility. There is an innovative product*, a combikit available in Indian market, containing 30 tablets of antioxidant, multivitamin, amino acid and mineral tablets, with documented evidence on ingredients in treatment of male infertility, and 25 tablets of clomiphene citrate which is a timetested drug in treatment of male infertility (in particular oligospermia and/or asthenospermia). In order to assess efficacy of the product in Indian infertile male patients, we undertook phase IV multicentric clinical study, at 18 centers across India in 100 patients. Very high couple pregnancy rate of 53% was reported. As first line treatment of male infertility (in particular oligospermia and/or asthenospermia), the use of this innovative product therefore holds a strong promise. How to cite this article Amin J, Mishra SK, Dutta AK, Kunwar K, Shinde VG, Chauhan A, Sud S, Maurya R, Nepal N, Sarode P, Biswas KP, Mazumder GP, Chitrabanshi M, Shibe S, Shukla R, Trivedi N, Dayal M, Sortey D, Shukla S, Gawade B. Indian Clinical Experience on Innovative Product in Treatment of Male Infertility. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(2):76-79.

Vol. 2, No. 2 ABSTRACT A total of 97 V. parahaemolyticus isolate from Padang were examined for their resistance to 15 antibiotics. V. parahaemolyticus isolated behaved as resistant to sulfamethoxazole (100%), rifampin (95%) and tetracycline (75%) and sensitive to norfloxacin (96%). Ampicillin still sensitive for V. parahaemolyticus isolated from human stools. All of isolates were sensitive to namely chloramphenicol and floroquinolones (ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin agents). RAPD-PCR profiling with three primers (OPAR3, OPAR4 and OPAR8) produced four major clusters (R1, R2, R3 and R4), 7 minor clusters (I, II, III, IV, V, VI and VII) and three single isolates. Keywords: V. parahaemolyticus, MDR, RAPD 1. D. Ottaviani, I. Bacchiocchi, L. Masini, F. Leoni, A. Carraturo, M. Giammarioli, and G. Sbaraglia, Antimicrobial susceptibility of potentially halophilic vibrios isolated from seafood, International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 18: 135-140, (2001).2. A. Cespedes, and E. Larson, Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding antibiotic use among Latinos in the United States: Review and Recommendations, American Journal of Infection Control 34: 495-502, (2006).3. M. Lesmana, D. Subekti, C.H. Simanjuntak, P. Tjaniadi, J. R. Campbell, and B. A. Ofoyo, Vibrio parahaemolyticus associated with cholera-like diarrhea among patients in North Jakarta, Indonesia, Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 39: 71-75, (2001).4. S. Lu, B. Liu, B. Zhou, And R. E. Levin, Incidence and Enumeration of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Shellfish from two retail Sources and the Genetic Diversity of isolates as Determined by RAPD-PCR Analysis, Food Biotechnology, 20: 193-209, (2006).5. M. Nishibuchi, Vibrio parahaemolyticus. In International handbook of foodborne pathogens, ed. M.D. Milliots and J. W. Bier, United States: Marcel Dekker, Inc. P, 2004, 237-252.6. L. Poirel, M. R. Martinez, H. Mammeri, A. Liard, and P. Nordmann, Origin of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinant QnrA, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 49: 3523-3525, (2005).7. S. Radu, N. Elhadi, Z. Hassan, G. Rusul, S. Lihan, N. Fifadara, Yuherman and E. Purwati, Characterization of Vibrio vulnificus isolated from cockles (Anadara granosa): antimicrobial resistance, plasmid profiles and random amplification of polymorphic DNA analysis, FEMS Microbiology Letters, 165: 139–143, (1998).8. S. Radu, N. Ahmad, F. H. Ling, and A. Reezal, Prevalence and resistance to antibiotics for Aeromonas species from retail fish in Malaysia, International of Journal Food Microbiology, 81: 261–266, (2003).9. B. Sarkar, N. R. Chowdhury, G. B. Nair, M. Nishibuchi, S. Yamasaki, Y. Takeda, S. K. Gupta, S. K. Bhattacharya, and Ramamurthy, Molecular characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus of similar serovars isolated from sewage and clinical cases of diarrhea in Calcutta, India, World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 19: 771-776, (2003). 10. S. Schwarz, and E. Chaslus-Dancla, Use of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine and mechanisms of resistance, Veterinary Residue, 32: 201–225, (2001).11. H. Sörum, and T.M. L’Abèe-Lund,. Antibiotic resistance in food-related bacteria – a result of interfering with the global web of bacterial genetics, International Journal of Food Microbiology, 78: 43–56, (2002).12. P. Tjaniadi, M. Lesmana, D. Subekti, N. Machpud, S. Komalarini, W. Santoso, C. H. Simanjuntak, N. Punjabi, J. R. Campbell, W. K. Alexander, H. J. Beecham, A. L. Corwin, and B. A. Oyofo, Antimicrobial Resistance of Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Diarrheal Patients in Indonesia, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 68: 666-670, (2003).13. X. Zhao, and D. Drlica, Restricting the Selection of Antibiotic-Resistant Mutants: A General Strategy Derived from Fluoroquinolone Studies, Clinical Infectious Diseases, 33: S147-S156, (2001).

BackgroundGliomas represent the most common brain tumors within the central nervous system, with glioblastoma being the most aggressive type.1 Conventional treatment combines several approaches including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.2 However, the prognosis for glioblastoma remains unfavorable, with only 5% of patients surviving more than 5 years post-diagnosis.3 Thus, new treatment approaches are urgently needed. Natural killer (NK) cells directly lyse malignantly transformed or virally infected cells and secrete inflammatory cytokines that polarize cytotoxic immunity. Allogeneic NK cell adoptive transfer has shown clinical benefit in patients with advanced cancer.4–7 However, limitations of this approach include relatively low numbers of donor NK cells that can be isolated during an apheresis and variability in the quality of NK cells between donors. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a GMP manufacturing strategy to mass produce NK cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as an approach to off-the-shelf cancer immunotherapy. We refer to these cells as ‘iNK’ (iPSC-derived NK) cells. Here, we provide preclinical data demonstrating the efficacy of iNK cells for immunotherapy against glioblastoma.Abstract 155 Figure 1Engineered iNK cells exhibit highly effective antitumor function in a xenogeneic model of glioblastoma. (A) Schematic of the experimental design to test iNK cell function against glioblastoma in vivo. (B) Kaplan Meier plots showing survival for groups of mice that received either vehicle alone or iNK cells after tumor engraftment (n=5 mice/group)MethodsWe generated iNK cells using previously published methods.8–10 iNK cells were used as effectors against an array of patient-derived glioblastoma lines in 2-dimensional live imaging IncuCyte assays where iNK cell-mediated killing was observed over the course of 48 hours. To investigate iNK cell infiltration and cytotoxicity in a more physiological context that accounts for the 3-dimensional architecture of the tumor, we also performed live imaging IncuCyte assays using iNK cells as effectors against glioblastoma spheroids. To test the anti-tumor function of iNK cells in vivo, we implanted patient-derived glioblastoma cells into mice via intracranial injection. Seven days later, 5 mice received intratumoral injections of iNK cells, and 5 mice received vehicle alone (as a control; figure 1A). All mice were monitored for weight and survival over 100 days.Results iNK cells exhibited strong and sustained cytotoxicity against 6 primary patient-derived mesenchymal glioblastoma lines in 2-dimensional IncuCyte assays and complete infiltration and destruction of glioblastoma spheroids in 3-dimensional IncuCyte assays. In xenogeneic adoptive transfer experiments, all mice receiving intratumoral injections of iNK cells survived out to day 100, while all mice in the vehicle group became moribund and had to be sacrificed by day 60 (figure 1B).ConclusionsiNK cells are highly cytotoxic against glioblastoma cells, and our preclinical in vivo data provides proof-of-concept for future clinical trials.Ethics ApprovalThis project has been approved by the University of Minnesota IACUC. Approval ID: 1812-36595AReferencesLouis D N, Perry A, Reifenberger G, von Deimling A, Figarella-Branger D, Cavenee W K, Ohgaki H, Wiestler O D, Kleihues P, Ellison D W. The 2016 world health organization classification of tumors of the central nervous system: a summary. Acta Neuropathol 2016;131:803–820.Stupp R, Mason W P, van den Bent M J, Weller M, Fisher B, Taphoorn M J B, Belanger K, Brandes A A, Marosi C, Bogdahn U, Curschmann J, Janzer R C, Ludwin S K, Gorlia T, Allgeier A, Lacombe D, Cairncross J G, Eisenhauer E, Mirimanoff R O, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Brain Tumor and Radiotherapy Groups; National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group. Radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide for glioblastoma. N Engl J Med 2005;352:987–996.Thakkar JP, Dolecek TA, Horbinski C, Ostrom QT, Lightner DD, Barnholz-Sloan JS, Villano JL. Epidemiologic and molecular prognostic review of glioblastoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;23:1985–1996.Miller J S, Soignier Y, Panoskaltsis-Mortari A, McNearney S A, Yun G H, Fautsch S K, McKenna D, Le C, Defor T E, Burns L J, Orchard P J, Blazar B R, Wagner J E, Slungaard A, Weisdorf D J, Okazaki J, McGlave P B. Successful adoptive transfer and in vivo expansion of human haploidentical NK cells in patients with cancer. Blood 2005;105:3051–3057.Bachanova V, Cooley S, Defor T E, Verneris M R, Zhang B, McKenna D H, Curtsinger J, Panoskaltsis-Mortari A, Lewis D, Hippen K, McGlave P, Weisdorf D J, Blazar B R, Miller J S. Clearance of acute myeloid leukemia by haploidentical natural killer cells is improved using IL-2 diphtheria toxin fusion protein. Blood 2014;123:3855.Ciurea S O, Schafer J R, Bassett R, Denman C J, Cao K, Willis D, Rondon G, Chen J, Soebbing D, Kaur I, Gulbis A, Ahmed S, Rezvani K, Scpall E J, Lee D A, Champlin R E. Phase 1 clinical trial using mbIL21 ex vivo-expanded donor-derived NK cells after haploidentical transplant. Blood 2017;130:1857–1868.Romee R, Rosario M, Berrien-Elliott M M, Wagner J A, Jewell B A, Schappe T, Leong J W, Abdel-Latif S, Schneider S E, Willey S, Neal C C, Yu L, Oh T, Lee S, Mulder A, Cooper M A, Fehniger T A. Cytokine-induced memory-like natural killer cells exhibit enhanced responses against myeloid leukiemia. Sci Transl Med 2016:8;375ra123.Valamehr B, Abujarour R, Robinson M, Le T, Robbins D, Shoemaker D, Flynn P. A novel platform to enable the high-throughput derivation and characterization of feeder-free human iPSCs. Sci Rep 2012:2;213.Valamehr B, Robinson M, Abujarour R, Rezner B, Vranceanu F, Le T, Medcalf A, Lee T T, Fitch M, Robbins D, Flynn P. Platform for induction and maintenance of transgene-free hiPSCs resembling ground state pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Reports 2014;2:366–381.Zhu H, Blum R H, Bjordahl R, Gaidarova S, Rogers P, Lee T T, Abujarour R, Bonello G B, Wu J, Tsai P-F, Miller J S, Walcheck B, Valamehr B, Kaufman D S. Pluripotent stem cell-derived NK cells with high-affinity noncleavable CD16a mediate improved antitumor immunity. Blood 2020;135:399–410.

ABSTRACT Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) has always remained a topic of discussion at all rhinology meets. Despite so much of literature available, the nature of this disease, its diagnosis, pathogenesis, classification and appropriate management continue to generate debate and controversy even after three decades of research and investigation. AFRS is an endemic disease in North and South India. In spite of this, there has been no optimal management protocol for this disease being followed in India yet. To overcome this, a national panel was conducted on AFRS at the ENT Surgical Update 2011, held at Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh with experts from all over the country so that a consensus can be achieved regarding the workup and management of AFRS. How to cite this article Gupta AK, Shah N, Kameswaran M, Rai D, Janakiram TN, Chopra H, Nayar R, Soni A, Mohindroo NK, Rao CMS, Bansal S, Meghnadh KR, Vaid N, Patel HM, Sood S, Kanojia S, Charaya K, Pandhi SC, Mann SBS. Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2012;5(2): 72-86.

STEAM-based learning is a global issue in early-childhood education practice. STEAM content becomes an integrative thematic approach as the main pillar of learning in kindergarten. This study aims to develop a conceptual and practical approach in the implementation of children's education by applying a modification from STEAM Learning to R-SLAMET. The research used a qualitative case study method with data collection through focus group discussions (FGD), involving early-childhood educator's research participants (n = 35), interviews, observation, document analysis such as videos, photos and portfolios. The study found several ideal categories through the use of narrative data analysis techniques. The findings show that educators gain an understanding of the change in learning orientation from competency indicators to play-based learning. Developing thematic play activities into continuum playing scenarios. STEAM learning content modification (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Math) to R-SLAMETS content (Religion, Science, Literacy, Art, Math, Engineering, Technology and Social study) in daily class activity. Children activities with R-SLAMETS content can be developed based on an integrative learning flow that empowers loose part media with local materials learning resources. Keyword: STEAM to R-SLAMETS, Early Childhood Education, Integrative Thematic Learning References Ali, E., Kaitlyn M, C., Hussain, A., & Akhtar, Z. (2018). the Effects of Play-Based Learning on Early Childhood Education and Development. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 7(43), 4682–4685. https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2018/1044 Ata Aktürk, A., & Demircan, O. (2017). A Review of Studies on STEM and STEAM Education in Early Childhood. Journal of Kırşehir Education Faculty, 18(2), 757–776. Azizah, W. A., Sarwi, S., & Ellianawati, E. (2020). Implementation of Project -Based Learning Model (PjBL) Using STREAM-Based Approach in Elementary Schools. Journal of Primary Education, 9(3), 238–247. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpe.v9i3.39950 Badmus, O. (2018). Evolution of STEM, STEAM and STREAM Education in Africa: The Implication of the Knowledge Gap. In Contemporary Issues in Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics Teacher Education in Nigeria. Björklund, C., & Ahlskog-Björkman, E. (2017). Approaches to teaching in thematic work: early childhood teachers’ integration of mathematics and art. International Journal of Early Years Education, 25(2), 98–111. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669760.2017.1287061 Broadhead, P. (2003). Early Years Play and Learning. In Early Years Play and Learning. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203465257 Canning, N. (2010). The influence of the outdoor environment: Den-making in three different contexts. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 18(4), 555–566. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2010.525961 Clapp, E. P., Solis, S. L., Ho, C. K. N., & Sachdeva, A. R. (2019). Complicating STEAM: A Critical Look at the Arts in the STEAM Agenda. Encyclopedia of Educational Innovation, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2262-4_54-1 Colucci, L., Burnard, P., Cooke, C., Davies, R., Gray, D., & Trowsdale, J. (2017). Reviewing the potential and challenges of developing STEAM education through creative pedagogies for 21st learning: how can school curricula be broadened towards a more responsive, dynamic, and inclusive form of education? BERA Research Commission, August, 1–105. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22452.76161 Conradty, C., & Bogner, F. X. (2018). From STEM to STEAM: How to Monitor Creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 30(3), 233–240. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2018.1488195 Conradty, C., & Bogner, F. X. (2019). From STEM to STEAM: Cracking the Code? How Creativity & Motivation Interacts with Inquiry-based Learning. Creativity Research Journal, 31(3), 284–295. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2019.1641678 Cook, K. L., & Bush, S. B. (2018). Design thinking in integrated STEAM learning: Surveying the landscape and exploring exemplars in elementary grades. School Science and Mathematics, 118(3–4), 93–103. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssm.12268 Costantino, T. (2018). STEAM by another name: Transdisciplinary practice in art and design education. Arts Education Policy Review, 119(2), 100–106. https://doi.org/10.1080/10632913.2017.1292973 Danniels, E., & Pyle, A. (2018). Defining Play-based Learning. In Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development (Play-Based, Issue February, pp. 1–5). OISE University of Toronto. DeJarnette, N. K. (2018). Implementing STEAM in the Early Childhood Classroom. European Journal of STEM Education, 3(3), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.20897/ejsteme/3878 Dell’Erba, M. (2019). Policy Considerations for STEAM Education. Policy Brief, 1–10. Doyle, K. (2019). The languages and literacies of the STEAM content areas. Literacy Learning: The Middle Years, 27(1), 38–50. http://proxy.libraries.smu.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eue&AN=133954204&site=ehost-live&scope=site Edwards, S. (2017). Play-based learning and intentional teaching: Forever different? Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, 42(2), 4–11. https://doi.org/10.23965/ajec.42.2.01 Faas, S., Wu, S.-C., & Geiger, S. (2017). The Importance of Play in Early Childhood Education: A Critical Perspective on Current Policies and Practices in Germany and Hong Kong. Global Education Review, 4(2), 75–91. Fesseha, E., & Pyle, A. (2016). Conceptualising play-based learning from kindergarten teachers’ perspectives. International Journal of Early Years Education, 24(3), 361–377. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669760.2016.1174105 Finch, C. R., Frantz, N. R., Mooney, M., & Aneke, N. O. (1997). Designing the Thematic Curriculum: An All Aspects Approach MDS-956. 97. Gess, A. H. (2019). STEAM Education. STEAM Education, November, 2011–2014. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04003-1 Gronlund, G. (n.d.). “ Addressing Standards through Play-Based Learning in Preschool and Kindergarten .” Gronlund, G. (2015). Planning for Play-Based Curriculum Based on Individualized Goals to Help Each Child Thrive in Preschool and Kindergarten Gaye Gronlund. Gull, C., Bogunovich, J., Goldstein, S. L., & Rosengarten, T. (2019). Definitions of Loose Parts in Early Childhood Outdoor Classrooms: A Scoping Review. The International Journal of Early Childhood Education, 6(3), 37–52. Hapidin, Pujianti, Y., Hartati, S., Nurani, Y., & Dhieni, N. (2020). The continuous professional development for early childhood teachers through lesson study in implementing play based curriculum (case study in Jakarta, Indonesia). International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 12(10), 17–25. Hennessey, P. (2016). Full – Day Kindergarten Play-Based Learning : Promoting a Common Understanding. Education and Early Childhood Development, April, 1–76. gov.nl.ca/edu Henriksen, D. (2017). Creating STEAM with Design Thinking: Beyond STEM and Arts Integration. Steam, 3(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5642/steam.20170301.11 Inglese, P., Barbera, G., La Mantia, T., On, P., Presentation, T., Reid, R., Vasa, S. F., Maag, J. W., Wright, G., Irsyadi, F. Y. Al, Nugroho, Y. S., Cutter-Mackenzie, A., Edwards, S., Moore, D., Boyd, W., Miller, E., Almon, J., Cramer, S. C., Wilkes-Gillan, S., … Halperin, J. M. (2014). Young Children’s Play and Environmental Education in Early Childhood Education. PLoS ONE, 2(3), 9–25. https://doi.org/10.1586/ern.12.106 Jacman, H. (2012). Early Education Curriculum. Pedagogical Development Unit, FEBRUARY 2011, 163. https://www.eursc.eu/Syllabuses/2011-01-D-15-en-4.pdf Jay, J. A., & Knaus, M. (2018). Embedding play-based learning into junior primary (Year 1 and 2) Curriculum in WA. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 43(1), 112–126. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2018v43n1.7 Kennedy, A., & Barblett, L. (2010). Supporting the Early Years Learning Framework. Research in Practise Series, 17(3), 1–12. Keung, C. P. C., & Cheung, A. C. K. (2019). Towards Holistic Supporting of Play-Based Learning Implementation in Kindergartens: A Mixed Method Study. Early Childhood Education Journal, 47(5), 627–640. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-019-00956-2 Keung, C. P. C., & Fung, C. K. H. (2020). Exploring kindergarten teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge in the development of play-based learning. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(2), 244–247. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1724656 Krogh, S., & Morehouse, P. (2014). The Early Childhood Curriculum : Inquiry Learning Through Integration. Liao, C. (2016). From Interdisciplinary to Transdisciplinary: An Arts-Integrated Approach to STEAM Education. Art Education, 69(6), 44–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/00043125.2016.1224873 Lillard, A. S., Lerner, M. D., Hopkins, E. J., Dore, R. A., Smith, E. D., & Palmquist, C. M. (2013). The impact of pretend play on children’s development: A review of the evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 139(1), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029321 Maxwell, L. E., Mitchell, M. R., & Evans, G. W. (2008). Effects of Play Equipment and Loose Parts on Preschool Children’s Outdoor Play Behavior: An Observational Study and Design Intervention. Children, Youth and Environments, 18(2), 37–63. McLaughlin, T., & Cherrington, S. (2018). Creating a rich curriculum through intentional teaching. Early Childhood Folio, 22(1), 33. https://doi.org/10.18296/ecf.0050 Mengmeng, Z., Xiantong, Y., & Xinghua, W. (2019). Construction of STEAM Curriculum Model and Case Design in Kindergarten. American Journal of Educational Research, 7(7), 485–490. https://doi.org/10.12691/education-7-7-8 Milara, I. S., Pitkänen, K., Laru, J., Iwata, M., Orduña, M. C., & Riekki, J. (2020). STEAM in Oulu: Scaffolding the development of a Community of Practice for local educators around STEAM and digital fabrication. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction, 26, 100197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2020.100197 Moomaw, S. (2012). STEM Begins in the Early Years. School Science and Mathematics, 112(2), 57–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1949-8594.2011.00119.x Peng, Q. (2017). Study on Three Positions Framing Kindergarten Play-Based Curriculum in China: Through Analyses of the Attitudes of Teachers to Early Linguistic Education. Studies in English Language Teaching, 5(3), 543. https://doi.org/10.22158/selt.v5n3p543 Pyle, A., & Bigelow, A. (2015). Play in Kindergarten: An Interview and Observational Study in Three Canadian Classrooms. Early Childhood Education Journal, 43(5), 385–393. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-014-0666-1 Pyle, A., & Danniels, E. (2017). A Continuum of Play-Based Learning: The Role of the Teacher in Play-Based Pedagogy and the Fear of Hijacking Play. Early Education and Development, 28(3), 274–289. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2016.1220771 Quigley, C. F., Herro, D., & Jamil, F. M. (2017). Developing a Conceptual Model of STEAM Teaching Practices. School Science and Mathematics, 117(1–2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssm.12201 Ridgers, N. D., Knowles, Z. R., & Sayers, J. (2012). Encouraging play in the natural environment: A child-focused case study of Forest School. Children’s Geographies, 10(1), 49–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2011.638176 Ridwan, A., Rahmawati, Y., & Hadinugrahaningsih, T. (2017). Steam Integration in Chemistry Learning for Developing 21st Century Skills. MIER Journail of Educational Studies, Trends & Practices, 7(2), 184–194. Rolling, J. H. (2016). Reinventing the STEAM Engine for Art + Design Education. Art Education, 69(4), 4–7. https://doi.org/10.1080/00043125.2016.1176848 Sancar-Tokmak, H. (2015). The effect of curriculum-generated play instruction on the mathematics teaching efficacies of early childhood education pre-service teachers. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 23(1), 5–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2013.788315 Sawangmek, S. (2019). Trends and Issues on STEM and STEAM Education in Early Childhood. Képzés És Gyakorlat, 17(2019/3-4), 97–106. https://doi.org/10.17165/tp.2019.3-4.8 Science, A. I. (n.d.). STEM Project-Based Learning. Spencer, R., Joshi, N., Branje, K., Lee McIsaac, J., Cawley, J., Rehman, L., FL Kirk, S., & Stone, M. (2019). Educator perceptions on the benefits and challenges of loose parts play in the outdoor environments of childcare centres. AIMS Public Health, 6(4), 461–476. https://doi.org/10.3934/publichealth.2019.4.461 Taylor, J., Bond, E., & Woods, M. (2018). A Multidisciplinary and Holistic Introduction. Varun A. (2014). Thematic Approach for Effective Communication in Early Childhood Education Thematic Approach for effective communication in ECCE. International Journal of Education and Psychological Research (IJEPR), 3(3), 49–51. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289868193 Wang, X., Xu, W., & Guo, L. (2018). The status quo and ways of STEAM education promoting China’s future social sustainable development. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124417 Whitebread, D. D. (2012). The Importance of Play. Toy Industries of Europe, April, 1–55. https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2015.27.438-441 Wong, S. M., Wang, Z., & Cheng, D. (2011). A play-based curriculum: Hong Kong children’s perception of play and non-play. International Journal of Learning, 17(10), 165–180. https://doi.org/10.18848/1447-9494/cgp/v17i10/47298 Zosh, J. M., Hopkins, E. J., Jensen, H., Liu, C., Neale, D., Hirsh-Pasek, K., Whitebread, Solis, S. L., & David. (2017). Learning through play : a review of the evidence (Issue November). The LEGO Foundation.

O b j e c t i v e : To estimate the prevalence of diabetes, high total cholesterol, obesity, smoking and physical activity in urbanpopulation of Faisalabad. R e s e a r c h d e s i g n and m e t h o d s : The project was limited to population based screening for above mentionedvariables using WHO criteria. Study was conducted by holding numerous screening camps in different urban areas over the course of two years.People age 20 years or above were included in the study. Total 5349 people, 58%males (3102) and 42% females (2247) were screened fordiabetes and high blood cholesterol. Body mass index was calculated by measuring height in meter square and weight in kilograms. Peoplewere interviewed for smoking and physical activity and relevant data was entered in the designed proforma. R e s u l t s : Within the chosen agerange, total prevalence of diabetes was 16% and among them 11 % were previously diagnosed and 5% were unaware of their diabetes (newlydiagnosed). Cholesterol was high (>200 mg/dl) in 48 % males and 34% females. 9.2 % of the males were found to be obese (BMI>30) incomparison to 14.3 % of females whereas 36.26% of males and 36.84 % of females were overweight (BMI > 25 to 29.9 kg/m2). The prevalenceof smoking was 38.8% in males and 1.2 % in females respectively. In daily routines only 6.8 % of the males were doing the physical exercise(30 minutes exercise five days a week or equivalent) whereas among females it was 1.9 %. C o n c l u s i o n : Diabetes and metabolic syndromein adults is now a global health problem, and the population of developing countries like Pakistan are facing this menace especially in the urbanareas where it is on the rise with each passing day.

The joint NASA-Roscosmos Flame Design (Adamant) spaceflight experiment [1, 2] is one of six International Space Station (ISS) investigations which are currently part of the Advanced Combustion via Microgravity Experiments (ACME) project. It is developed by the U.S. science team including R. L. Axelbaum of Washington University in St. Louis, P. B. Sunderland of the University of Maryland, and D. L. Urban of the NASA Glenn Research Center. The experiment is conducted in collaboration with N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (S. M. Frolov, V. Ya. Basevich, A. A. Belyaev, F. S. Frolov, S. N. Medvedev, V. S. Posvyanskii, M. Yu. Sinev, and P. A. Vlasov).

Vicente Iborra Pallarés¹, Francisco Zaragoza Saura2 ¹Building Sciences and Urbanism Department. University of Alicante. Alicante. Politécnica IV, módulo III, 1ª planta. Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n. 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig ²Concejalía de Urbanismo, Ayuntamiento de Altea. Plaza José María Planelles, 1. 03590 Altea E-mail: vicente.iborra@ua.es, zaragozasaura@gmail.com Keywords (3-5): Public space, historical urban evolution, tourism phenomena, urbanistic project, educational experience Conference topics and scale: City transformations The town of Altea (Alicante, Spain) has an important urban center that has historically been characterized by two contrasting situations: on one hand, the settlements located on the seaside elevations (Bellaguarda and the Renaissance Bastion) linked to the agricultural uses of the fertile valleys of the rivers Algar and els Arcs, and on the other hand the coastal developments, originally fishery, but nowadays with touristic uses on the maritime front. All these elements configure an urban nucleus that, due to its urban, architectural and landscape qualities, gives rise to one of the main tourist attractions of the region. However, the area described nowadays presents an important problem related to the use and habitability of public space, which is invaded by the presence of the private vehicle, even along the seaside, due to its touristic relevance. This article presents the results of an academic experience developed to study different possibilities of urban transformations for the municipality of Altea, taking as a project site the urban vacuum still conserved between the two situations previously described: the historical areas on the coastal elevations (Dalt) and new urban developments parallel to the seaside (Baix). This academic activity, performed by nearly 50 students from the University of Alicante, was developed in the context of the design course Urbanism 5 during the academic year 2015-16, thanks to the agreement signed between the Municipality of Altea and the University of Alicante. References (100 words) Busquets, J. and Correa, F. (2006) Cities X lines: a new lens for the Urbanistic Project (Harvard University Graduate School of Design, Cambridge). Europan Europe (2016) Project and processes (http://www.europan-europe.eu/en/project-and-processes/) accessed January-May 2016. Fernández Per, A. and Mozas, J. (2010) Strategy public (a+t ediciones, Vitoria-Gasteiz). Gehl, J. (2006) La humanización del espacio urbano: la vida social entre los edificios (Reverté, Barcelona). Koolhaas, R. (1995) S, M, L, XL (The Monacelli Press, New York). Lynch, K. (1960) The Image of the City (The Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, Cambridge). Rebois, D. (ed.) (2014) Europan 12 results. The adaptable city /1 (Europan Europe, Paris).