Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'N1m'

Les organisations non gouvernementales étrangères(ONG) étaient présentes pendant la guerre contre les États-Unis dans la province de Quảng Nam pour aider des victimes de la guerre. Cependant, après la libération du Việt Nam en 1975, elles ont stoppé toutes les activités en raison de la politique de l'embargo américain. Elles ont commencé à se retourner au Việt Nam à partir de la mise en œuvre de l'innovation de "Đổi mới-renouveau" en 1986. De 1991 à ce jour, les ONG se développent fortement en nombre d'organisations et en projets d'aides. Ces ONG réalisent non seulement les opérations d'aides humanitaires mais aussi elles jouent un rôle actif dans le développement durable de la province. Etant l'auteur de cette étude, avec plus de 20 ans d'expérience et de contacts de travail avec des centaines d'ONG de différents pays. Cette étude est menée avec une méthodologie de recherche: documentation, analyse des rapports; évaluation des résultats des financements des ONG; organisation de séminaires, conférences et dialogues entre les partenaires; élaboration et distribution des formulaires d'enquête auprès des bénéficiaires, des autorités locales et des représentants des ONG; travail d'enquête sur des localités dans de nombreux domaines. Les résultats de l'étude ont montré que ces organisations fonctionnent dans la plupart des domaines tels que la santé, l'éducation, la protection de l'environnement, le déminage, les aides aux victimes affectées par l'Agent Orange/Dioxine, le soutien pour les handicapés, la formation professionnelle, le développement du tourisme communautaire, les aides urgentes en cas des catastrophes naturelles, adaptation aux changements climatiques. Les ONG jouent un rôle positif au développement durable au niveau local et répondre aux besoins réels des habitants. Cependant, dans certains cas, elles mènent des activités négatives ceux qui causent des difficultés dans la gestion d'état. D'autre part, cette étude souhaite montrer la bureaucratie, la lourdeur des procédures administratives au Việt Nam<br>Foreign non-governmental organizations have come to Quảng Nam province during the American War to help victims of the war. However, after the Liberation Day (1975), they ceased their operations due to the US embargo against Việt Nam. They resumed their operations in Vietnam when the Doi Moi (Renovation in 1986) was implemented. From 1991 until now these organizations have grown in terms of quantity and numbers of aid projects. They have not only performed humanitarian activities but also played an active role in maintaining sustainable development of the province. The author of this research has over 20 years of experience in meeting and working with hundreds of foreign non-governmental organizations from a number of countries. The research methods conducted for this topic include documenting, analyzing reports; evaluating aid results; organizing seminars, conferences, dialogues between partners; handing out questionnaires to beneficiaries, local authorities and representatives of foreign NGO; conducting field surveys in many areas. The results of the research show that these organizations have their operations in almost the areas such as healthcare, education, environmental protection, demining, helping Agent Orange/dioxin victims, supporting disabled people, vocational training, community based tourism development, recovery from natural disaster consequences and climate change responses. They made positive contributions to the project localities in sustainable development and meeting the practical needs of the local people. However, in some cases, their activities also cause negative impacts and difficulties in management. Addionally, the research also points out the bureaucracy, negativity, and cumbersome procedures of paper-like administration existing in Việt Nam

Orientador: Mário Luiz Frungillo<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T23:30:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_MarcusViniciusda_M.pdf: 1147261 bytes, checksum: a579e68f331bf36d0559797a5544fe7c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012<br>Resumo: Este trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre os elementos temáticos e estéticos presentes nas canções de Adoniran Barbosa, essencialmente em suas letras, que despertaram interesse de seus mediadores no resgate do samba "autêntico", durante o processo de redefinição da MPB, que se deu entre os anos 60 e 70. Para isso, pretende-se observar as letras de suas canções presentes nos três primeiros elepês: Adoniran Barbosa 1974, Adoniran Barbosa 1975, e Adoniran e Convidados, de 1980. Esse recorte visa levantar quais foram os possíveis critérios de escolha das canções por seus produtores culturais, e analisar, a partir dos contextos político, econômico e sócio-cultural, que fatores possivelmente influenciaram na concepção de algumas dessas obras, bem como de que forma diversas dessas canções foram lidas e entendidas mais de vinte anos após serem compostas. A dissertação está dividida em duas partes. A primeira parte é composta por dois capítulos. O primeiro abrange a trajetória de análise da obra de Adoniran. Nesse capítulo, procura-se contextualizar o artista como parte do processo de racionalização da indústria cultural no Brasil - a partir dos conceitos frankfurtianos - e como esse processo, que acontece em concomitância com um momento de grandes tensões políticas e ideológicas, durante o regime militar, permite a consolidação de um cenário único e propício para a formação da MPB renovada. O resgate da figura de Adoniran nesse momento, na minha perspectiva, tem um significado político, ideológico e cultural bastante importante e singular no processo de construção e consolidação da música e da cultura brasileira. No segundo capítulo, pretende-se fazer um levantamento das principais críticas feitas sobre os álbuns que fazem parte do corpus da análise, essencialmente presentes em periódicos e nos encartes de seus elepês, com o objetivo de revelar de que maneira jornalistas, intelectuais e críticos de música influenciaram na constituição da presença de Adoniran na tradição do samba. Já a segunda parte da dissertação dedica-se à análise das canções presentes no corpus, procurando desenvolver, em dois capítulos diferentes, o caráter ambíguo das canções de Adoniran Barbosa inseridas em três debates recorrentes no contexto da MPB renovada: trabalho x malandragem; tradição x progresso; som local x som universal. No primeiro capítulo, o objetivo é realizar uma leitura das canções de Adoniran que refletem, do ponto de vista da recepção, um caráter de resistência à ordem vigente e à ética do trabalho, mas ao mesmo tempo caminham em rumo contrário ao discurso da malandragem tradicional dos sambas cariocas. É outra forma de resistência, que assume caráter de denúncia ao universo suburbano do trabalho. O segundo capítulo diz respeito essencialmente ao entendimento de uma postura crítica e contrária ao ideal de progresso assumido pela elite paulistana, que entendia São Paulo como a locomotiva do país desde o início do século. Ainda nesse capítulo, pretende-se desenvolver um debate estético e ideológico existente no cenário da música brasileira desse período, anos 60 e 70, tendo por um lado o som local, "autêntico" e "de raiz", representado pela MPB renovada, e o som universal, "inovador" e "moderno", representado pela Jovem Guarda e pela Tropicália<br>Abstract: This dissertation proposes an extended treatment on the aesthetic and thematic features of songs by Adoniran Barbosa, mainly in his lyrics, which led to interest of cultural agents in the rescue of the "authentic" samba, throughout the process of redefinition of MPB (Brazilian Popular Music), from the 60?s to the late 70?s. In order to do so, the song lyrics presented in his first three LPs were studied: Adoniran Barbosa 1974, Adoniran Barbosa 1975, and Adoniran and Guests 1980. In the period chosen we have questioned what the criteria for choosing the songs were, from the perspective of cultural producers, and analyzed possible influences in the composition of some of these works, according to political, economic and socio-cultural contexts, as well as how several of these songs have been read and understood over twenty years later. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part consists of two chapters. The first covers the line of development of Adoniran?s work. In this chapter, the artist is contextualized as part of the rationalization process of the cultural industry in Brazil - according to Frankfurt School concepts - and this process, which happens to coincide with a time of great political and ideological tension, during the military regime, is comprehended as the consolidation of a unique and conducive scenario that allows the formation of the renewed MPB. The rescue of the figure of Adoniran at that point, in my view, has a political, ideological and cultural meaning which is very important and unique in the construction and consolidation of Brazilian music and culture. In the second chapter, the main criticisms on the analyzed albums were studied, mostly from newspapers and LP inserts, with the objective to expose how journalists, intellectuals and music critics have influenced the constitution of Adoniran?s presence in the tradition of samba. The second part of the dissertation, also in two different chapters, is the analysis of the lyrics presented in the corpus, aiming to develop the ambiguous character of Adoniran Barbosa?s songs in relation to three recurring debates in the context of renewed MPB: work x truancy; tradition x progress; local sound x universal sound. In the first chapter, the goal is to read Adoniran songs, from a perspective of reception, as resistance to the existing order and work ethics, as they take an opposite direction from the traditional discourse of truancy presented in sambas from Rio. It's a way of resistance, which denounces the universe of suburban work. The second chapter is dedicated to the understanding of the São Paulo elite?s posture of criticism and opposition to an ideal of progress, as they believe the state to be "the locomotive of the country" since the beginning of the century. Also in this chapter, we have presented the aesthetical and ideological debate in the Brazilian music from that period, the 60's and the 70's: on one hand the local, "authentic" and "native/root" sound, represented by the renewed MPB; on the other, the universal, "innovative" and "modern" sound, represented by Jovem Guarda and Tropicália<br>Mestrado<br>Literatura e Outras Produções Culturais<br>Mestre em Teoria e História Literária

Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação.<br>Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-16T07:55:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2016-01-08T18:53:32Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 144110.pdf: 7089352 bytes, checksum: 926572000b573b0f5a31afd0188b8667 (MD5)

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, Florianópolis, 2014<br>Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-05T20:10:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 328089.pdf: 17919319 bytes, checksum: 5e25ebd24f199222741f777a7889b035 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014<br>Esta dissertação faz uma abordagem sobre a representação da mulher mestiça naliteratura, por meio da personagem central do romance Gabriela, cravo e canela,de Jorge Amado (1958). É importante investigar a retratação da mulher afrobrasileirana literatura porque os padrões aí apresentados são reproduzidossocialmente. A representação deturpada do negro na mídia generaliza adiscriminação racial, fator determinante da desigualdade social no Brasil, um paísamplamente miscigenado. Este estudo é muito oportuno, num momento deacirramento nas discussões em torno do estabelecimento das ações afirmativas,com cotas raciais nas universidades públicas do país. Até muito recentemente, apresença de negros e mulatos era praticamente nula na literatura e demais mídias,com exceção para vagas aparições, como coadjuvantes ou antagonistas.Atualmente, tem se fortalecido os debates sobre a importância de se resgatar ahistória e a cultura dos afrodescendentes, o que pode ser considerado um avanço,ainda que tardio. Por último, e igualmente relevante, é preciso destacar ascategorias gênero e classe, como fatores determinantes para discutir as questõesraciais no Brasil.<br><br>This paper presents an approach about the representation of women of mixed racein literature, through the main character of the novel "Gabriela, cravo e canela" byJorge Amado (1958). It is important to investigate the portrayal of African-Brazilian women in literature because the patterns presented there are sociallyplayed back. The misrepresentation of black people on the media generalizes racialdiscrimination, a determinant factor of social inequality in Brazil, a country widelymixed. This study is very timely, at a time of discussion intensification aroundaffirmative action establishment, with racial quotas in public universities in thecountry. Until very recently, the presence of black people and mulattos werevirtually zero in literature and other media, except for vague appearances, asadjuncts or antagonists. Currently, the debate on the importance of rescuingAfrican descent history and culture has strengthened, which can be considered abreakthrough, albeit late. Finally, and equally important, the categories gender andclass must be highlighted as determinant factors to discuss racial issues in Brazil.

Orientador: Maria Cristina Gobbi<br>Resumo: A temática das diferenças geracionais é recorrente em estudos das mais diversas áreas do conhecimento. Essa categorização em gerações tem sido feita a partir de critérios históricos e econômicos, refletindo diretamente nos estudos comunicativos. Nota-se, portanto, que essas subdivisões geracionais estão intimamente ligadas ao consumo midiático e à forma de se lidar com os aparatos tecnológicos e com as práticas comunicativas originadas com eles. É importante destacar que, ao se estudar as mudanças geracionais, observa-se principalmente a juventude fixada em uma determinada época, já que os comportamentos e as culturas juvenis levam ao estabelecimento de novas práticas e à reconfiguração daquelas já existentes. É, também, recorrentemente atribuído à juventude a definição de padrões comportamentais e alterações na produção e consumo cultural. Ao longo das décadas, surgiram várias nomenclaturas geracionais, baseadas na realidade histórica estadunidense – como a Geração Baby-Boom, Geração X, Geração Y, Geração Z, entre outras – que raramente foram atualizadas observando-se a realidade latino-americana. Sendo assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar os padrões comunicativo-midiáticos de jovens pertencentes à chamada “Geração Nem-Nem” da cidade de Bauru (SP) que, definidos a partir de critérios utilizados pelo IBGE, é composta por pessoas de 15 a 29 anos que não desenvolvem atividades regulares de estudo e nem de trabalho. Foi aplicada uma pesquisa qualitativa, por mei... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: The theme of generational differences is a recurrent study from the most diverse areas of knowledge. The categorization of generations has been made based on historical and economic criteria, directly reflecting on Communications Studies. It is noted, therefore, that these generational subdivisions are closely linked to media consumption and the way of dealing with technological devices and the communicative practices originated with them. It is important to highlight that, when studying generational changes, it is mainly observed the youth fixed at a certain time, since youth behaviors and cultures lead to the establishment of new practices and the reconfiguration of those that already exist. The definition of behavioral patterns and changes in cultural production and consumption is also frequently attributed to youth. Over the decades, several generational nomenclatures have emerged, based on American historical reality - such as Generation Baby-Boom, Generation X, Generation Y, Generation Z, among others - that have rarely been updated by observing the Latin American reality. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the media-communication patterns of young people belonging to the so-called “NEET Generation” in the city of Bauru (SP), which, defined based on criteria used by Brazilian government, is composed of people from 15 to 29 years old who do not carry out study or work activities. It was applied a qualitative research, using a questionnaire with open and closed que... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)<br>Doutor

Depuis le Đổi Mới (1986), le gouvernement Vietnamien a adopté une stratégie d’urbanisation accélérée. En tant que capitale du pays, Hà Nội joue un rôle d’atout dans cette orientation. La ville s’étend sans cesse vers la périphérie avec les changements de la limite administrative et l’ambition de se développer à travers des schémas directeurs. L’intégration des communes rurales dans la ville induit des problèmes d’identité et d’environnement dans les villages. Cela pose la question de la relation entre l’urbanisation et le patrimoine villageois. Cette question est posée dans le contexte où la notion de patrimoine, mentionnée dans la loi sur le patrimoine culturel du Vietnam, est encore limitée. Ce travail est organisé en deux parties. La première est consacrée à l’identification des éléments patrimoniaux villageois à travers la recherche de la conception traditionnelle sur le patrimoine des vietnamiens et l’étude de la conception sur le patrimoine, importée de l’Occident. En analysant la structure socio-culturelle et la structure spatiale des villages périphériques, les éléments patrimoniaux villageois vont être identifiés avec un point de vue imbriquant les conceptions orientales et occidentales. La seconde partie vise à l’évaluation de la transformation du patrimoine villageois face à l’urbanisation avec les deux cas des villages périurbains Triều Khúc et Nhân Chính. La logique dans la relation entre la transformation fonctionnelle et la transformation spatiale est analysée pour éclairer la permanence et la rupture des éléments du patrimoine villageois. Finalement, cette recherche s’emploie à décrire la gestion du patrimoine villageois, en en analysant les mécanismes, la coordination des acteurs, les règlements de conservations établis par l’État et par le village et surtout l'application de ces règlements dans les villages<br>Since the Đổi Mới (1986), the government of Vietnam adopted an accelerated urbanization strategy. Being the national capital, Hà Nội is an asset in this urban orientation. The city is expanding unto its periphery, a process that entails changes in administrative boundaries and development ambitions reflected in master plans. The integration of rural communes into the city raises identity and environmental problems in the villages. This raises the issue of the relationship between urbanization and village heritage. This question is posed in the context where the definition of notion of heritage, mentioned in the Vietnamese Law on Cultural Heritage is still limited. This study is organized in two parts. The first part is devoted to the identification of village heritage components. It explores the traditional understanding of heritage by Vietnamese people and the ideas about heritage imported from the West. Through an analysis of the socio-cultural and spatial structure of the villages on the outskirts of the city, the elements constitutive of village heritage are identified based on Eastern and Western principles. The second part uses the case of two periurban villages (Triều Khúc and Nhân Chính) to assess transformations of village heritage in the face urbanization. The underpinning logic between the functional and spatial transformation of both villages is studied to shed light on the elements of rupture and permanence in village heritage. Finally, this research describes the management of village heritage. It analyses the mechanisms, the coordination of actors, the conservation regulations stipulated by the State and by villagers, and most importantly, the application of these regulations locally

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia, 2016.<br>Submitted by Albânia Cézar de Melo (albania@bce.unb.br) on 2016-04-08T14:06:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_AnuziaGabrielleCavalcanteBrigido.pdf: 1904490 bytes, checksum: eb58a41a7dd5809cec3081f55c1b8285 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Raquel Viana(raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2016-04-08T19:43:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_AnuziaGabrielleCavalcanteBrigido.pdf: 1904490 bytes, checksum: eb58a41a7dd5809cec3081f55c1b8285 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-08T19:43:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_AnuziaGabrielleCavalcanteBrigido.pdf: 1904490 bytes, checksum: eb58a41a7dd5809cec3081f55c1b8285 (MD5)<br>O presente trabalho pretende fazer uma interpretação do pensamento de Górgias, a partir da tradução e comentário de três dos seus textos: Sobre o Não-ser (nas suas duas versões), Elogio a Helena e Defesa de Palamedes. Pretendemos, mais especificamente, investigar a oposição de Górgias à identificação imediata entre realidade/verdade, pensamento e discurso. Julgamos que os três textos se conectam e possuem uma coerência no que diz respeito às concepções apresentadas sobre o nexo entre realidade, conhecimento e discurso. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT<br>This dissertation aims to make an interpretation of Gorgias’thought, starting from a translation and a commentary of three of his writings: On Not-Being (in two versions), Encomium of Helen and Defense of Palamedes. It aims, in particular, to investigate Gorgias opposition to the immediate identification between reality/truth, thought and discurse. We believe that the three texts are connected and coherent on the views they show about the link between reality, knowledge and discourse.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão<br>Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-16T09:29:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2016-01-08T19:22:02Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 102602.pdf: 3087819 bytes, checksum: a81b732d8975a3e74e5476345c1be1de (MD5)<br>Os artigos de Heloísa Buarque de Hollanda, publicados no Jornal do Brasil, no período de 1979 a 1983, foram objeto deste trabalho. A sua leitura possibilitou a formulação de hipóteses acerca da trajetória e da produção de crítica da cultura que a intelectual vem desempenhando.Foi,portanto, lendo seus artigos em jornais e cruzando-os com outras leituras, quer da autora, quer de outros intelectuais, que foi possível perceber as estratégias de reconhecimento e consagração com que a autora constituiu seu papel dentro do campo intelectual.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Elisa de Campos Borges.pdf: 1412193 bytes, checksum: fd072ab9f580785ade3a76850fa6a1fa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-10-11<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>This work have as purpose to know, to comprehend and to attend the effort for the introduction of the project the chilean way to socialism idealized by the Communist Party of Chile. This project has purposed the passage from chilean capitalist regime to socialism based on the maintance of the establishment, without insurrections or armed conflicts. Such formulation had a great repercussion in the political project of the Popular Unity, wich had conducted Salvador Allende to Presidency of the Republic in 1970. To accomplish this research it was made use of a bibliography as source about the Popular Unity and about the subject of our research, many documents from the Communist Party, and personal witness by the same way, which constitutes oral source for the studies in History. In the Introduction, we had made a characterization from the Communist Party and from the original project of this research, that will be separated into the first and the second chapters, such as a chilean political and economical contextualization. In Chapter I we had upraised some arguments occurred about the peaceful way to socialism. We had tried even to identify the political development of the Comunist Party along it s policy of alliances and it s fundaments in several presidential elections. In Chapter II we looked forward to reflect how the mentioned questions from the past Chapter will influence the formulation of The Chilean Revolution, it s repercussions among the left-side parties and the for the Popular Unity consolidation to face the 1970´s elections. In Chapter III then we looked forward to analyze, from the Communist Party documents written between 1970 and 1973, the political behavior of the Party in the Alludes government quotidian<br>Este trabalho tem como proposta conhecer, compreender e acompanhar o esforço para a implantação do projeto via chilena ao socialismo , idealizado pelo Partido Comunista do Chile. Este projeto propunha a passagem do regime capitalista chileno para o socialista a partir da manutenção da institucionalidade, sem insurreições ou luta armada. Essa formulação teve uma grande repercussão no projeto político da Unidade Popular que levou à Presidência da República Salvador Allende em 1970. Para realizar essa pesquisa foram utilizadas como fonte uma bibliografia sobre a Unidade Popular e sobre o nosso objeto de pesquisa, diversos documentos do PC, assim como depoimentos pessoais que se constituem fonte oral para estudos da História. Na introdução, realizamos uma caracterização do PC e do projeto que se desdobrará no primeiro e segundo capítulo, assim como uma contextualização do sistema econômico e político chileno. No Capítulo I levantamos algumas discussões realizadas sobre a via pacífica ao socialismo. Também procuramos identificar o desenvolvimento político do Partido Comunista através da sua política de alianças e seus fundamentos em diversas eleições presidenciais. Procuramos no Capítulo II refletir como as questões apontadas no capítulo anterior vão influenciar na formulação da Revolução Chilena, sua repercussão entre os partidos de esquerda e a consolidação da Unidade Popular para disputar as eleições de 1970. No Capítulo III procuramos então, analisar a partir dos documentos partidários do PC escrito entre 1970 e 1973, o comportamento político desse partido no cotidiano do governo Allende

Cette thèse essaie de donner une typologie propre de conflits fonciers considérés comme un sujet très sensible et émergent dans les Hauts Plateaux du Centre Việt Nam. La province du Dak Lak est choisie comme l’étude de cas. Les conflits fonciers sont divisés en quatre types principaux dans lesquels on distingue 20 sous-types différents par leurs causes. Ces conflits fonciers sont traités dans le contexte de transition agraire au Việt Nam née de la politique du Đổi Mới en 1986. Les analyses de conflits fonciers se centrent sur leurs natures, leurs périodes de crise, leurs acteurs et leurs types d’occupation du sol. Les causes de conflits sont mises en relation avec les quatre fenêtres de la transition agraire au Việt Nam: l’intégration à l’économie de marché, l’intensification et l’expansion agricole, l’accroissement de mobilité des populations et enfin l’intensification des législations. Les résultats montrent bien des relations réciproques entre les conflits fonciers et les éléments de la transition agraire dans les hautes terres du Việt Nam<br>This thesis tries to give a proper typology of land conflicts considered as very sensible topic in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. The province of Dak Lak is chosen as for a case study. The land conflicts are divided in four main types in which there are 20 different under-types by their causes. These land conflicts are analyzed in the agrarian transition context in Vietnam thanks to the politics of Đổi Mới in 1986. The analyses of land conflicts concentrate on their natures, their periods of crisis, their actors and their types of land-use. Then, the causes of conflicts are put in relation with the four windows of the agrarian transition in Vietnam: the integration to the economy of market, the intensification and agricultural expansion, the growth of mobility of the populations and finally the intensification of the legislations. The results show a lot of reciprocal relations between the fundamental conflicts and the elements of the agrarian transition in the Central Highlands of the Vietnam

Le "Doi moi" ou renouveau désignant l'ouverture économique du Vietnam en 1986, se double d'un renouveau urbain manifeste, contrastant avec trente ans d'inertie. Notre recherche s'appuie sur un premier constat à la fois simple et singuler ; celui d'une urbanisation aux formes, aux rythmes et aux effets contrastés. Dans quelle mesure et selon quels processus les boulversements engendrés par l'ouverture économique se répercutent-ils sur les sociétés et les espaces ? Ces questionnements, articulés autour de la notion de transition constituent le fil directeur de notre recherche sur les mutations socio-économiquess et spatiales de Hanoi. Nous montrons dans quelle mesure l'analyse cartographique, s'appuyant sur l'atlas infographique de Hanoi que nous avons élaboré en 2002, se révèle pertinente pour rendre compte de réalités géographiques extrêmement mouvantes dans l'espace et temps. Jusque dans les années 1990, la physionomie des franges urbaines puis des campagnes s'est caractérisée pr une forte densification à l'intérieur des périmètres urbains ou villageois fixes et l'avancée progressive des fronts urbains selon les axes routiers. Depuis 1995 et surtout 1997, les espaces périurbains sont l'objet d'importantes emprises spatiales et foncières sur fond de conflit entre politiques publiques et stratégies privées. Les héritages successifs se mêlent aux nouvelles orientations en matière d'aménagement, modifiant de jour en jour le caractère "villageois" (ou village urbain) que Hanoi conservait jusqu'ici. Par sa nature (confinement spatial) et son histoire récente (collectivisation pendant une trentaine d'années), le processus de péri-urbanistion de Hanoi est révélateur des stratégies des divers acteurs en période de transition économique et permet d'appréhender la métropolisation de la capitale et plus généralement, la transition urbaine vietnamienne.

Cette thèse analyse les mécanismes de transformation et de construction d'appartenances territoriales. En partant de l'hypothèse que la plantation des cultures commerciales pérennes favorise l'ancrage des hommes, sont étudiés dans le cas des plateaux du Centre Viêt Nam les principes théoriques et pratiques allogènes incorporés à un territoire et à des populations autochtones. Le caféier, importé par les colons, ancré dans le territoire, conduit à la perte de repères symboliques et matériels des paysanneries autochtones mais aussi à l'appropriation politique et économique de ces espaces. Soucieux de contrôler des régions parfois rétives à la majorité nationale, L'État vietnamien dès son indépendance a favorisé l'arrivée et l'ancrage d'allochtones, désormais majoritaires. L'exploitation agricole et la conversion des représentations participent à la redéfinition de l'appartenance territoriale mais au prix de dégradations environnementales et d'une crise économique et sociale profonde<br>This thesis analyses the conversion mechanisms of the territorial belongings. In regard of the hypothesis that the durable cash crops' plantation favours human rooting, the theoretical principles and non-native practices incorporated to a territory and to indigenous people are studied in Viet Nam highlands. Imported by the colonial power, the coffee tree anchored in this territory, leads not only to the loss of symbolical landmarks and to the loss of native farmer materials but also to the political and economical appropriation of these areas. The Vietnamese State, concerned by the control of these restive areas towards the majority national people, has favoured since its independency the arrival and the anchoring of non-natives who are henceforth the majority in the country. Farming and the changes of representations take a role in the redefinition of the territorial belongings but at the expenses of environmental damages and of a deep social and economical crisis

Le début du 20ème siècle fut pour l’histoire du Viêt Nam une époque charnière où s’opérèrent le passage à la modernité, l’intégration au monde moderne, l’auto-reconnaissance de son identité nationale parmi les nations du vaste monde et non plus exclusivement par opposition-identification à la sphère sinisée. Ce fut aussi le moment où, face à une modernité venue de l’extérieur, qui s’était imposée non sans arrogance ni sans agressivité, mais aussi avec une grande force d’attraction, surtout culturelle, les Vietnamien-nes furent amenés à faire le bilan de leur passé, à jeter un regard neuf sur le vécu quotidien,à comparer, confronter, s’imprégner de cultures différentes, à remettre en question un ordre, une hiérarchie, des valeurs jusque-là souvent ressentis comme immuables. Après la répression des lettrés modernistes en 1908, il a fallu attendre l’arrivée sur le front politique d’une relève militante, sur l’arène socioculturelle celle d’une génération de jeunes intellectuel-les issus de l’enseignement franco-indigène, voire des universités françaises en métropole pour que de nouvelles voix se fassent entendre. Nous définissons par conséquent comme repères chronologiques d’abord l’année 1918 où l’on note deux événements marquants, la parution du premier périodique féminin et féministe, le Son de cloche du genre féminin et le début de la carrière journalistique de la féministe Dam Phuong. Notre travail s’arrête en 1945 où la Révolution d’août mit fin à une période de bouillonnement politique et culturel en assurant l’hégémonie du Parti communiste vietnamien sur la lutte pour l’indépendance et les deux guerres contre les Français et les Américains. Entre 1918 et 1945, notre recherche privilégie les réponses féminines et féministes apportées à la problématique de la modernisation de la société vietnamienne. Elle rend compte de la volonté et de la décision des femmes (et des hommes) appartenant le plus souvent aux couches sociales moyennes et supérieures, des intellectuel-les formé-es à l’école française dans la plupart des cas, d’affirmer la présence féminine dans les affaires publiques et de faire entendre la voix des femmes au-delà de l’espace privé qui leur était traditionnellement assigné, sans exclure leurs propositions, ni celles des modernistes en général, de réorganiser cet espace privé. Elle se soucie de cerner les débats – non exclusivement féminins, loin de là – et les multiples identités féminines nouvelles qui émergeaient des relations complexes de remise en cause ou de défense des traditions, d’approches diversifiées de la modernité inspirée du modèle occidental. Les Vietnamiennes et Vietnamiens des années 1920 à 1945 tentèrent de promouvoir la modernité et la modernisation de la famille, de la société au travers des efforts investis dans les études scolaires et universitaires, dans le travail professionnel salarié, dans les activités socio-culturelles, dans le militantisme réformiste ou révolutionnaire, nationaliste ou internationaliste. Ils participèrent ainsi activement à l’évolution des mœurs, à la déconstruction pour des reconstructions différenciées des rapports homme-femme et des rapports interpersonnels, des rapports entre l’individu et les communautés, notamment familiales. Dans la première partie, pour définir le cadre, nous commençons par décrire et analyser la place des femmes et la problématique du genre au sein des traditions vietnamiennes, que nous montrons miroitantes de multiples facettes, tellement la longue et riche histoire vietnamienne avait accumulé des apports divers à partir d’un substrat sud-est asiatique qui ne perdait point de son originalité au contact des civilisations chinoises et indiennes si brillantes fussent-elles. Nous présentons ensuite les acteurs et les vecteurs de la modernisation, où venait en première ligne l’instruction publique, mais où foisonnaient aussi d’autres ferments tels que la presse, la littérature moderne, la professionnalisation des femmes, le militantisme, …Dans la deuxième partie, à partir des sources imprimées que constitue la création artistique de l’époque, plus particulièrement la création littéraire, nous analysons des représentations de femmes. Les romans et nouvelles témoignaient d’une exploration de nouvelles possibilités dans la relation de couple, dans la vertu féminine comme dans la façon de traiter chacun-e des membres de la petite et grande famille. Si les romans faisaient état de prises de position plus ou moins révolutionnaires de la part des femmes instruites, de leurs comportements de soumission ou de révolte ; la poésie dévoilait des transformations profondes dans la sensibilité des jeunes. Toute cette littérature moderne était la production de nouvelles générations d’auteur-es gagné-es à la cause de l’européanisation (Âu hoa) – comme le formulait le groupe littéraire Tu luc (Compter sur ses propres forces), leurs moyens de promotion de nouveaux modes de vie, de nouvelles valeurs ou d’une rénovation en profondeur des valeurs ancestrales. Elle s’inspirait de l’évolution socioculturelle en cours et y contribuait puissamment avec tout le multiple talent et toute l’ardeur réformatrice des initiateurs. Nous retraçons également des parcours de femmes militantes de diverses tendances, de femmes de lettres comme d’épouses de quelques intellectuels et/ou révolutionnaires éminents. La dernière partie répond plus directement à la question : dans quelle mesure peut-on parler d’un – ou des – féminisme(s) vietnamien(s) qui aurai(en)t émergé avant la Révolution d’août 1945 ? Notre recherche a permis d’expliciter une panoplie d’idées émancipatrices, de pratiques innovantes et d’en questionner les origines. Il devient possible de rendre compte de l’existence d’un véritable féminisme vietnamien et d’en esquisser un premier bilan. En affirmant la réalité et le dynamisme des femmes et des féministes vietnamiennes dans les années 1918-1945, nous pensons avoir aussi contribué à rétablir un maillon estompé dans l’histoire moderne et contemporaine vietnamienne, l’époque qui se situe entre ce qui est perçu comme « l’échec » du mouvement des lettrés modernistes et la Révolution d’août 1945. En nous intéressant à l’histoire des femmes, en tant qu’ « histoire relationnelle, qui compare les situations ou les rôles des hommes et des femmes et examine les représentations des deux sexes » (Françoise Thébaud), nous avons éclairé d’autres aspects de la société et de la culture vietnamiennes en cette phase capitale de mutation. Les bases idéologiques de la nation vietnamienne moderne furent alors jetées, à travers l’appropriation par les différentes catégories sociales, par les femmes comme les hommes, des valeurs et pratiques exogènes maintenant examinées, sélectionnées, adaptées, parfois reconstruites dans une harmonisation voulue par la majorité (loin de nous l’idée qu’elle fût homogène et monolithique) avec les valeurs culturelles traditionnelles, elles aussi repassées au crible de la réflexion critique des intellectuel-les modernistes. En interrogeant les femmes, nous avons rencontré d’autres oubliés, méconnus, mal connus ou injustement marginalisés de l’histoire moderne vietnamienne ; ils furent pourtant non seulement objets (de l’instruction moderne et des changements socioéconomiques) mais des sujets actifs oeuvrant pour une meilleure dignité humaine, des femmes comme des hommes, des colonisé-es d’hier qui n’aspiraient qu’à devenir des égaux, voire des frères et sœurs. En scrutant une étape cruciale de l’histoire (à écrire) des femmes vietnamiennes, ce travail aura défriché un terrain prometteur<br>In the history of Viet Nam, the beginning of 20th century was a period of transition where took place the passage to modernity, the integration to modern world, the auto-recognition of Vietnamese national identity among worldwide nations and no more exclusively through the opposition-identification to the China sphere. It was also the moment where, face to a modernity coming from outside, which has imposed itself not without arrogance nor aggressiveness, but also with a strong attractive force, especially a cultural one, Vietnamese people were tempted into recapitulating their past, having a new look on the day-to-day life, comparing, confronting, imbuing with different cultures, challenging an order, a hierarchy, and values which have been so far perceived as immovable. After the modernist confucian intellectuals have been put down in 1908, new voices could be heard only with the arrival of new militants on the political front, of a generation of young intellectuals educated in French-Vietnamese schools, or even in metropolitan French universities. So we choose to start our research in 1918 when two set off events took place, the appearance of the first female and feminist magazine, the Female Gender Bell and the feminist Dam Phuong’s beginning of journalistic career. We close our work in 1945 when the August Revolution put an end of a politic and cultural effervescence period with the Vietnamese communist party hegemony on the struggle for independance and the two French and American wars. From 1918 to 1945, our research is favoring female and feminist answers to the modernization of Vietnamese society problem. Its gives an account of women’s (and men’s) will and decision to affirm female presence in public affairs and to express women’s voice beyond the private space they have been traditionally assigned, including their suggestions, and more generally the modernists’ ones to reorganize this private space. Those persons were mostly coming from middle and superior social classes, they were mostly intellectuals educated in French schools. It is concerned by finding out debates – not exclusively female ones – and multiple female identities emerging from complex relationships of questioning or defending traditions, from diverse approaches of modernity inspired by the occidental model. Vietnamese women and men from 1920 to 1945 were trying to promote modernity as well as family and society modernization by efforts invested in college and university studies, in salaried professional work, in socio-cultural activities, in reformist or revolutionary, nationalistic or internationalist militant action. They were therefore participating in custom evolution, in de-building for diversified rebuilding of male-female and interpersonal relationships, relationship between individual and community, especially the familial one. In Part One, as we are determining the context, we are describing and analyzing women’s place and gender problem inside of Vietnamese traditions, which are shown sparkling with multiple faces. The long and rich Vietnamese history has stored diverse contributions to a South-East Asian substratum which has not lost anything of its originality after coming into contact with Chinese and Indian cultures, so brilliant they were. We present afterwards modernization actors and vectors; among them was at the first line public education, but other ferments are identified such as press, the modern literature, women professional occupation, militant activity… In Part Two, basing on printed sources that were artistic production from the period, more particularly literature one, we analyze women representations. Long and short novels testified an exploration of new abilities in married couples, in female virtue, and way of treating each member of the small and large family. They related more and less revolutionary points of view from educated women, their submissive or rebellious behaviours. Poetry uncovered deeper transformations in young people’s sensitivity. This whole modern literature was created by new generations of authors convinced by the cause of europeanization (Âu hoa) – as formulated by the literary group Tu luc (Relying on our own force) – their expedients for promoting new ways of life, new values, or an in-depth renewal of ancestral values. It was both inspired by the current socio-cultural evolution and strongly contributing to this evolution with all the initiators’ multiple talent and reformist enthusiasm. We also relate the stories of militant women’s from different tendencies, of writers, and of some eminent intellectuals’ and revolutionaries’ spouses. The last Part answers more directly the question : in which measure could we talk about Vietnamese feminism(s) emerging before the Revolution of August 1945 ? Our research is uncovering explicitly panoply of emancipating ideas, of innovative practices and questioning their origins. It becomes possible to give an account of an effective Vietnamese feminism’s existence, and to draw up a first recapitulating statement on it. By affirming the Vietnamese women’s and feminists’ effectiveness and dynamism in 1918-1945, we think that we are contributing to re-establish a missing link on the chain of Vietnamese modern and contemporary history, the period from that was perceived as the modernist confucean intellectual movement’s “failure” to the Revolution in August 1945. While being interested by women’s history as a « relational history comparing men’s and women’s situations and roles, examining the two sexes representations » (Françoise Thébaud), we are enlightening other aspects of Vietnamese society and culture in this important phase of mutation. The ideological bases of the Vietnamese modern nation were founded at this moment when different social categories, women as well as men made theirs exogenous values and practices which were then examined, selected, adapted, sometimes rebuild in an harmonization wanted by the majority (we are far from thinking this majority as homogenous and monolithic), an harmonization with traditional cultural values which were also passed through the sieve of critical thinking from modernist intellectuals. While questioning women, we are meeting other Vietnamese forgot, misunderstood, and misinterpreted or unfairly getting marginal people. Those people were nevertheless not only objects (of modern education and socioeconomic changes) but active subjects working for a better human dignity, dignity of women as well as men, of yesterday colonized people who just aspired to become equals, even sisters and brothers

Le Nord-Vietnam fait l'objet, depuis la fin de la guerre contre la France, d'un regain d'intérêt de la part du nouveau gouvernement. Zone géographique stratégique située aux portes de la Chine, la région est peuplée en majorité de groupes ethniques multiples et variés. En fonction des niches écologiques habitées et des constructions sociales propres à chaque groupe, les systèmes ruraux s'appliquent à gérer un espace dans l'intérêt de la communauté avec une priorité constante : agir afin de sécuriser les différents facteurs permettant la reproduction des groupes concernés. Devant " l'ingérence " gouvernemental qui, dans un élan " civilisateur ", cherche à intégrer ces marges montagneuses à l'ensemble du territoire " un et indivisible " vietnamien, les systèmes ruraux locaux tentent de s'adapter au mieux en absorbant les innovations tout en gardant une certaine cohérence dans les rapports traditionnels. Néanmoins, devant la pression des politiques de sédentarisation, les réformes foncières qui touchent non seulement aux terres agricoles mais aussi aux espaces sylvicoles et l'évolution des contextes socio-politiques, les populations seront-elles capables de supporter tant de changements aussi brutaux que rapides ? Le territoire, base de toute construction identitaire, de tous rapports sociaux, devient un enjeu vital. Les confrontations qui se succèdent depuis 1975 pourraient aboutir à des situations critiques, voire à des contestations musclées qui mettraient en péril la stabilité de la région et du pays<br>Northern Vietnam, since the end of the war against France, catches the interest on behalf of the new government. Strategic geographical area located at the doors of China, Northern Vietnam is composed of a multi-kind of varied ethnic groups. According to the inhabited ecological niches and each group's specific social constructions, the rural systems try to manage a space in the interest of community with a constant priority : to act in order to secure the various factors allowing the reproduction of the groups concerned. In front of governmental "interference" which, in a "civilizing" dash, seeks to integrate these mountainous margins into "one and indivisible" territory, the local rural systems try to adapt itself as well as possible by absorbing innovations and keeping a certain coherence in traditional relations. Nevertheless, in front of the pressure of the settlement policies, the land reforms (concerning the arable lands and also forestry areas) and the evolution of the socio-polic context, the capability of population to absorb such important and rapid changes is questionned. The territory, base of any identity construction and social relations, becomes a vital issue. The constant onfrontations since 1975 could lead to critical situations, leading to strong disputes which could put in danger the stability of the area and the country

Ma recherche porte sur les formes architecturales et urbaines du logement à Hanoi et questionne le rapport entre leur production et leur réception par la population. En décrivant les modes de production et de réception des formes spatiales du logement, il s'agit de mettre à jour certaines porosités entre ces deux processus a priori distincts. Les formes bâties sont toujours questionnées dans un rapport dialectique, entre les formes planifiées et les formes issues des pratiques habitantes et entre la production et la réception du logement, dans un aller-retour entre l'échelle de l'édifice et l'échelle de la ville. Ce travail est organisé en deux parties. La première est consacrée à la compréhension des logiques de production et de planification de l'espace architectural et urbain. Il s'agit ainsi d'une analyse des projets de ville (Plan d'alignement – 1890, plan directeur – 1924, plan d'aménagement et d'extension – 1942, plan général – 1960, 1981, schéma directeur – 1992, 1998) et, dans une vision chronologique, de pointer l'apparition des différents types d'habitat. La seconde partie analyse la réception des formes d'habitat que sont les maisons villageoises, les compartiments, les villas, les villas-compartiments et les appartements. Ce travail démontre le rôle structurel des modifications apportées par les habitants dans la fabrication et la transformation de l'habitat et de la ville. Par leurs modes de vie et les appropriations de l'habitat et de l'espace urbain, les habitants participent autant à les moderniser qu'à entretenir une perméabilité entre les sphères urbaine et rurale. Finalement, cette recherche s'emploie à démontrer comment les habitants, en intervenant sur leur logement et en l'adaptant à leurs besoins à partir de cette unité de base, se sont invités dans la fabrication de la ville elle-même, à l'instar de la planification élaborée sous l'égide des autorités compétentes<br>My research questions the architectural and urban forms of the dwelling in Hanoi in the relationship between their production and their reception by the population. By describing the modes of production and reception of the spatial forms of the dwelling, it is a question of showing certain permeabilities between these two a priori different processes. The built forms are always questioned in a dialectical relationship between those planned and those existing because of inhabitant's practices, between the production and the reception, in a continual comparative between the scale of the building and the scale of the city. This work is organized in two parts. The first one is dedicated to the understanding of the logics of production and planning of the architectural and urban space. It is an analysis of the city projects (Plan d'alignement - on 1890, plan directeur - on 1924, plan d'aménagement et d'extension - on 1942, general plan - on 1960, 1981, master plan - on 1992, 1998); and in a chronological vision, to emphasize the appearance of the various types of housing. The second part analyzes the reception of the forms of housing that are the rustic houses, the shop-houses, the villas, the villas/shop-houses and the apartments. With this work, I show the structural role of the modifications brought by the inhabitants in the manufacturing and the transformation of the housing environment and the city. By their lifestyles and the appropriations of the housing environment and the urban space, they participate as much in modernization of those as to maintain permeability between the urban and rural spheres. Finally, this research was used to show how the inhabitants, by transforming their housing and by adapting it to their needs from this basic unit, invited themselves in the construction of the city, following the planning elaborated under the proper authorities

Cette thèse a pour finalités les relations entretenues entre une société paysanne et un milieu agro-écologique forestier au Nord-Vietnam. La première partie s'attache à une présentation analytique des paysages du massif du Tam Dao, de leur évolution à travers tout le XXe siècle et de leur dialogue avec une population qui n'a cessé de s'accroître. Les relations changeantes entre l'Etat et la paysannerie font l'objet de la deuxième partie. La troisième partie analyse le cadre législatif de la décollectivisation.

Au Vietnam, les études sur la paysannerie s'attachent à définir un archétype du "village traditionnel". Face à ce concept figé de "communauté villageoise", la question posée est : l'étude d'un village, pris comme un espace ouvert permet-elle de conclure qu'au travers du pacte social qui le fonde, il se redéfinit constamment au gré des configurations sociales, politiques, économiques, religieuses et des intérêts singuliers de chacune de ses parties constitutives ? Ce questionnement, qui fait primer l'étude dynamique des relations sociales sur celle des structures, a été appliqué au village de Hay, situé dans la Moyenne Région. Sont retenus comme fil directeur la mobilité des hommes et la malléabilité des espaces pour définir un "espace social local". Le "village traditionnel" apparaît ainsi comme un espace composite, point de convergence de multiples champs et réseaux sociaux circonscrits à l'échelle du foyer, du quartier, et jusqu'aux unités débordant des frontières villageoises.

Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Maria Tarcisa Silva Bega<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia. Defesa: Curitiba, 07/03/2017<br>Inclui referências: fls. 137-141<br>Área de concentração: Sociologia<br>Resumo: "Nem-nem", no senso comum é um jovem que nem estuda nem trabalha, já no senso douto representa uma subcategoria de análise da juventude. Mas, será que esse jovem, de fato, não estuda e não trabalha? A pesquisa investiga o que o "nem-nem" faz com o seu tempo e como ocupa o espaço destinado aos jovens nas unidades Boqueirão e Cajuru do Portal do Futuro, em Curitiba/PR. O objetivo é desconstruir o estigma de "jovem vadio" imposto por tal subcategoria de juventude e saber se, e de que forma, esse Programa de Política Pública inclui o "nem-nem". A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada é a quantiqualitativa, com realização de estudo de caso, aplicação de questionários, entrevistas individuais e reunião de Grupo Focal, além de observação participante. A matriz analítica, adota a perspectiva das políticas públicas sociais e está apoiada na legislação de políticas de educação, trabalho e juventude. As análises apontam que a subcategoria de juventude "nem-nem" é fictícia, uma maquiagem sobre outras formas de exclusão social juvenil. Os resultados mostram que os jovens apontados nas estatísticas de trabalho e educação como "nem-nem" pertencem à subcategoria de juventude em situação de vulnerabilidade ou risco social. E eles não estão inativos, estudaram o ensino obrigatório e se ocupam com afazeres que não são quantificados devido ao conceito de trabalho adotado ou a equívocos na matriz analítica utilizada nas pesquisas realizadas sobre o tema até o presente momento. Palavras-chaves: Educação; Exclusão social; Juventude; Trabalho; Vulnerabilidade social.<br>Résumé: "Ni-ni" dans bon sens est un jeune homme qui ne étudient ni travail, déjà dans le sens scientifique est une sous-catégorie d'analyse de la jeunesse. Mais est ce jeune homme, en fait, n'étudie pas et ne fonctionne pas? La recherche étudie le "ni-ni" faire avec votre temps et comment occuper l'espace pour les jeunes dans les unités Boqueirão et Portal Cajuru de l'avenir, à Curitiba / PR. Le but est de déconstruire le stigmate de "vagabond jeune" imposée par une telle sous-catégorie de la jeunesse et de savoir si, et comment, le Programme des politiques publiques comprend "ni-ni". La méthodologie utilisée est le Quantiqualitative de mener l'étude de cas, des questionnaires, des entretiens individuels et réunions de groupe de discussion, et de l'observation participante. La matrice d'analyse, adopte le point de vue de la politique publique sociale et est soutenu à la loi de la politique de l'éducation, du travail et de la jeunesse. Les analyses montrent que la sous-catégorie de la jeunesse "ni-ni" est fictive, un maquillage sur d'autres formes d'exclusion sociale des jeunes. Les résultats montrent que les jeunes ont souligné dans les statistiques et l'éducation du travail comme "ni-ni" appartiennent à la sous-catégorie des jeunes en situation de vulnérabilité ou de risque social. Et ils ne sont pas inactifs, a étudié l'enseignement obligatoire et le traitement des tâches qui ne sont pas quantifiés en raison de la notion de travail adopté ou des erreurs dans le cadre d'analyse utilisé dans la recherche sur le sujet à ce jour. Mots-clés: Éducation; L'exclusion sociale; Jeunesse; Travailler; La vulnérabilité sociale.

L'eau est la source de la vie et toutes les grandes civilisations humaines se sont construites autour des fleuves et rivières. Actuellement, l'eau existe non seulement dans toutes les activités de la vie humaine, mais constitue aussi un facteur important dans la planification et le développement durable de la ville. Hà Nội est une ville vietnamienne née de l’eau. Avec plus de mille ans d'histoire, les espaces en eaux ont toujours été disponibles et visibles, le linéaire bleu constituant la trame principale des quartiers. De nos jours, l’urbanisation rapide et la croissance mal-maitrisée de la ville fait peser sur l’ensemble des surfaces en eau une menace environnementale sérieuse : remblais, inondations, égouts à ciel ouvert, espaces de friches désaffectés. L'objectif poursuivi par cette recherche est double : identifier les problèmes et le jeu d’acteurs autour de l’aménagement urbain des lacs et trouver des solutions pour restaurer et améliorer les valeurs d’usage de l'eau des lacs dans la ville de Hà Nội. Cette thèse permet de clarifier le rôle et la valorisation de l'eau dans la formation et le développement de la ville de Hà Nội, de démontrer l'importance de l'eau dans la gestion et de la planification urbaine au Việt Nam en général et à Hà Nội en particulier et enfin de proposer des scénarios urbains qui peuvent intégrer davantage de surfaces en eau dans le cadre d’une urbanisation durable. En outre, l'étude a également confirmé l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’eau est en mesure de participer à la création et au renforcement de l’identité urbaine spécifique<br>Water is the source of life and all the great civilizations were built around rivers. Water not only appears in all activities of human life, but also plays an important role in planning and sustainable development of the city. Hanoi is the capital of Viet Nam that was born from water. With over one thousand years of history, water spaces have been existed in the city with rivers that created the main system and the organic development of the city. Nowadays, rapid urbanization and poor management of the city has threaten all water surfaces in environmental aspects : embankments, flood, open sewers, abandoned wasteland areas. The aim of the research includes two aspects : identifying problems and the roles of residents who control the water surfaces to find out solutions to restore and to improve the value of water surfaces in Hanoi. This thesis also clarifies the role and enhances the value of water in the setting and development of Hanoi capital city, to prove the importance of water in the management and urban planning of Vietnam in general and in Hanoi in particular. In addition, this thesis proposes urban scenarios that can better integrate water surfaces in the sustainable urbanization. Finally, the research also confirmed the hypothesis that the water is able to participate in the establishment and strengthening of specific urban identity

Cette recherche propose une approche géohistorique des milieux de mangrove du Sud Viêt-Nam, afin d’en comprendre les évolutions, d’en estimer les potentialités environnementales, sociologiques et économiques. Le Delta du Mékong, terre d’eau et de rizières, fut le berceau d’une civilisation qui s’est épanouie dans la maîtrise des aménagements hydrauliques et la mise en valeur agricole. À compter des années 1860, la présence française en Cochinchine marqua de son sceau des paysages forestiers et ruraux dont certains continuent aujourd’hui à porter l’empreinte. Deux guerres, celle d’Indochine (1945-1954) et celle du Viêt-Nam (1961-1975) imprimèrent leurs marques spécifiques. Sur ce théâtre de la guerre, les zones éloignées, enclavées et insalubres du Delta étaient devenues, entre engagement et clandestinité, les refuges de la guérilla Viêt-Minh. Terres d’alluvions et de palétuviers, les régions de mangrove - Cân Giò à proximité de Saïgon, Pointe de Cà Mau à l’extrême sud de la péninsule - furent profondément meurtries, la régénération des formations végétales a été et demeure toujours incertaine suite à l’utilisation massive de défoliants (1961-1971). À partir de ces deux cas d’étude, la méthodologie par modélisation et analyse spatiales a permis de retrouver les paysages anciens, de comprendre les dynamiques spontanées et dirigées des couverts végétaux. La guerre fut source de perturbations et de bifurcations dans les systèmes forestiers, génératrice aussi de nouvelles structures végétales. Son impact a été mis en perspective avec celui de la gestion sylvicole conduite par les Français et celui croissant depuis les années 1970 de l’aquaculture<br>This study proposes a geohistorical approach of the mangrove ecosystems in the South Viêt-Nam. It will allow to understand its developments, considering environmental, sociological and economical characteristics. The Mekong Delta region, shaped wetlands and rice fields, was originally based on a civilization that converts the flat areas, thanks to hydrological and hydraulic progress. From 1860, the colonial Cochinchina history has contributed to change the structures, the forestry landscapes and country life. Regarding others modifications, the French Indochina War (1945-1954) and Viêt-Nam War (1945-1975) have contributed to destructions, disruptions, loss of biodiversity in the terrestrial biomes and aquatic ecosystems. On this conflict territory, the distant, enclaved and unhealthy regions became, between engagement and clandestinity, the refuge of the survival Viêt-Minh. The forests, on the alluvium soils - Cân Giò next Saïgon, Cà Mau in the southern tip of Viêt-Nam - were deeply damaged. The spraying of herbicides and defoliants during the chemical war (1961-1971), on the forests and paddy fields, has caused ecological and health effects, bringing about long term consequences. From test sites, spatial modeling and spatial analysis have allowed to rediscover the former landscapes before the wars, understand natural and managed dynamics of vegetation, estimate the post war evolutions. In fact, the conflicts have involved disturbances, change in landscape scale and created new forestry structures. French management, war’s impact on the resources and since 1970, fast expanding aquaculture in the mangrove forests, are so many disruptions

La thèse porte sur la tradition poético-musicale du Ca trù pratiquée au Viêt-Nam par une centaine de musiciens spécialistes. L’enjeu est de d’écrire et interpréter cette tradition par le biais de ses pratiques (I ère partie), de ses apprentissages (II ème partie) et de ses esthétiques (III ème partie) afin de comprendre le sens de son élitisme, d’origine lettrée, dans le Viêt-Nam contemporain gouverné depuis 1954 par le Parti Communiste. L’analyse des données de l’enquête menée entre 2003 et 2008 au Viêt-Nam aboutit à trois résultats principaux : 1) L’élitisme social caractéristique de la pratique du Ca trù s’est adapté en partie à la nouvelle société née de la Révolution d’Août 1945. 2) L’élitisme du Ca trù se situe non seulement dans la pratique mais aussi dans la matière poético-musicale même considérée comme la mise en œuvre d’une connaissance à la fois linguistique (celle du sino-vietnamien), formelle (celle de la forme poétique et de la grammaire musicale) et expressive (celle des techniques d’ornementation et de variation). 3) Enfin, l’élitisme du Ca trù peut s’analyser au cœur de la performance, dans un cadre à la fois social (selon les catégories identitaires nuancées du « populaire », du « raffiné » et du « vivant » relevées sur les trois terrains), expressif (selon des dispositifs esthétiques élaborés par les musiciens) et critique (selon la « bonne écoute » incarnée par le joueur de tambour qui crée une distanciation intellectualisée avec l’émotion au travers d’un « commentaire » du poème chanté)<br>The thesis concerns the poetic and musical tradition of the Ca trù practiced in Vietnam by about a hundred of specialists. The stake is to describe and interpret this tradition through its practices (Part 1), its apprenticeships (Part 2) and its aesthetics (Part 3) in order to understand the meaning of its elitism – which takes root in a lettered tradition – in a country (contemporary Vietnam) ruled since 1954 by the Vietnamese Communist Party. The data analysis of the survey in Vietnam between 2003 and 2008 leads to three main results: 1) the social elitism typical of the Ca trù practice adapts itself partially to the new society, which has arisen from the Revolution of August 1945. 2) The Ca trù elitism is not only placed in the practice but also in the poetic and musical material itself, which is considered as the implementation of a knowledge at once linguistic (that of the Sino-Vietnamese), structural (that of the poetic form and the musical grammar), and expressive (that of the techniques of ornamentation and variation). 3) Finally, the Ca trù elitism can be analysed in the heart of the performance, in a frame at the same time social (according to the nuanced categories of the "popular", the "refined" and the "alive" found on the three situations), expressive (according to aesthetic devices elaborated by the musicians) and critical (according to the "good listening" personified by the drum player who creates an intellectualised detachment with the emotion through a "commentary" of the musicians’ performance)

Submitted by Cleide Dantas (cleidedantas@ufpa.br) on 2014-03-12T15:19:04Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Dissertacao_TernoGravataMudancas.pdf: 1347700 bytes, checksum: ea3c15fe4ee7033bb73a9741f0ebae24 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Ana Rosa Silva (arosa@ufpa.br) on 2014-07-09T14:35:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Dissertacao_TernoGravataMudancas.pdf: 1347700 bytes, checksum: ea3c15fe4ee7033bb73a9741f0ebae24 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-09T14:35:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Dissertacao_TernoGravataMudancas.pdf: 1347700 bytes, checksum: ea3c15fe4ee7033bb73a9741f0ebae24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008<br>Esta dissertação tem como objetivo fazer um estudo das contradições de uma identidade pentecostal em processo, buscando na sua origem uma identidade que lhe era própria, através de uma análise interpretativa de sua literatura, e de uma nova linguagem, que mudou nos últimos vinte anos. Durante oito décadas a Assembléia de Deus vinha mantendo firme sua identidade, que fez parte do cotidiano das pessoas, e de uma cultura religiosa brasileira que se acostumou a vê-las como fora do mundo, separadas. A chegada das igrejas neopentecostais provocou mudanças no ethos assembleiano. Atualmente é possível perceber uma mistura de práticas e crenças, que aqui perceberemos através das categorias, identidade e sincretismo. É cada vez mais presente uma linguagem triunfalista ligada a Confissão Positiva.<br>This dissertation has as a purpose to do a study of the contradictions of a pentecostal identity in progress, searching on its origin an identity that was own its on, through an interpretative analyse of its literature and a new language which has changed in the last twenty years. During eight decades the Assembley of God had been holding out tight its identity, that took part of the people’s daily and of a brazilian religious culture that got used to see them as outsiders, separated. The incoming of the Neopentecostal churches brought about changes on the assembleyan’s ethos. Currently, it is possible to realize a mixture of practices and beliefs that here we will notice through the cathegories, identity and and syncretism. It is even more and more present a triumphalist language linked a Positive Confession.

L'eau est la source de la vie et toutes les grandes civilisations humaines se sont construites autour des fleuves et rivières. Actuellement, l'eau existe non seulement dans toutes les activités de la vie humaine, mais constitue aussi un facteur important dans la planification et le développement durable de la ville. Hà Nội est une ville vietnamienne née de l’eau. Avec plus de mille ans d'histoire, les espaces en eaux ont toujours été disponibles et visibles, le linéaire bleu constituant la trame principale des quartiers. De nos jours, l’urbanisation rapide et la croissance mal-maitrisée de la ville fait peser sur l’ensemble des surfaces en eau une menace environnementale sérieuse : remblais, inondations, égouts à ciel ouvert, espaces de friches désaffectés. L'objectif poursuivi par cette recherche est double : identifier les problèmes et le jeu d’acteurs autour de l’aménagement urbain des lacs et trouver des solutions pour restaurer et améliorer les valeurs d’usage de l'eau des lacs dans la ville de Hà Nội. Cette thèse permet de clarifier le rôle et la valorisation de l'eau dans la formation et le développement de la ville de Hà Nội, de démontrer l'importance de l'eau dans la gestion et de la planification urbaine au Việt Nam en général et à Hà Nội en particulier et enfin de proposer des scénarios urbains qui peuvent intégrer davantage de surfaces en eau dans le cadre d’une urbanisation durable. En outre, l'étude a également confirmé l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’eau est en mesure de participer à la création et au renforcement de l’identité urbaine spécifique<br>Water is the source of life and all the great civilizations were built around rivers. Water not only appears in all activities of human life, but also plays an important role in planning and sustainable development of the city. Hanoi is the capital of Viet Nam that was born from water. With over one thousand years of history, water spaces have been existed in the city with rivers that created the main system and the organic development of the city. Nowadays, rapid urbanization and poor management of the city has threaten all water surfaces in environmental aspects : embankments, flood, open sewers, abandoned wasteland areas. The aim of the research includes two aspects : identifying problems and the roles of residents who control the water surfaces to find out solutions to restore and to improve the value of water surfaces in Hanoi. This thesis also clarifies the role and enhances the value of water in the setting and development of Hanoi capital city, to prove the importance of water in the management and urban planning of Vietnam in general and in Hanoi in particular. In addition, this thesis proposes urban scenarios that can better integrate water surfaces in the sustainable urbanization. Finally, the research also confirmed the hypothesis that the water is able to participate in the establishment and strengthening of specific urban identity

Ce travail a été réalisé dans une zone de forte endémie palustre de la province de Quang Tri, Viet Nam. Nous avons déterminé la prévalence des mutations des gènes du parasite associés à la résistance aux antipaludiques. La fréquence de ces mutations est plus faible que dans d’autres régions du Viet Nam et au Cambodge, mais similaire à celles observées au Laos. En utilisant des nouveaux gènes spécifiques de chaque espèce de Plasmodium, nous avons développé une nouvelle méthode de diagnostic de PCR en temps réel sensible et spécifique. Cette méthode a été validée sur des prélèvements de zone d’endémie et sur des voyageurs de retour en Europe. Une étude cas témoins a montrée une plus faible fréquence d’accès palustre chez des porteurs de l’HbE. La réponse humorale anti Plasmodium a été recherchée. La cinétique d’installation des anticorps cytophiles est plus rapide chez les porteurs de l’HbE, suggérant un rôle protecteur de ces anticorps. Le NO pourrait jouer un rôle dans la résistance au parasite, nous avons identifié trois nouvelles mutations dans le promoteur de NOS2A<br>This present work was realised in a strong malaria endemic country in Vietnam. We determined P. Falciparum genes mutations prevalence associated with drug resistance. Mutations frequency is lower than other countries in Vietnam or Cambodia, but similar with those observed in Laos. By using new specific target genes for each Plasmodium species, we developed a new diagnosis method based on the real-time PCR which is more sensible and specific. This method was validated on our studied population samples and on samples from European travellers. Our studied population has a low rate of malaria access when the host has the haemoglobin E allele. The humoral response was studied showing that installation kinetic of the cytophilic antibodies is faster in the haemoglobin E carriers, suggesting a protecting role for these antibodies. NO may be implied in the parasite resistance. In this perspective, we identified three new mutations for the NOS2A promoter gene which were not yet described

<p>DUE TO COPYRIGHT-RESTRICTIONS THIS PAPER IS NOT AVAILABLE FOR DOWNLOAD!</p><p>The thesis describes a system which communicates in real time with data loggers. The system has been streamlined and integrated with existing application so that each user can get a graphical presentation in real time on what has been sent to and from the units. The user interface and communication has been designed to be robust, user friendly, secure and offer functionality that yields the users of the system added value. The system is flexible from the design perspective and is low maintenance.</p>

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:27:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlosELD_DISSERT.pdf: 699872 bytes, checksum: f940eba1822577b96cbd189eefe2a0d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-15<br>Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior<br>In this work, we present a text on the Sets Numerical using the human social needs as a tool for construction new numbers. This material is intended to present a text that reconciles the correct teaching of mathmatics and clarity needed for a good learning<br>Neste trabalho, elaboramos um texto sobre os Conjuntos Num?ricos, utilizando as necessidades sociais humanas como ferramenta para constru??o de novos n?meros. O presente material visa apresentar um texto que concilie o ensino correto da matem?tica e a clareza necess?ria para um bom aprendizado

Tome un : l antropologie du nom. Les deux enonces constitutifs sont les sont les gens pensent et la pensee est rapport du reel. Cette anthropologie vise a elucider le subjectif de l interieur du subjectif et non pas en exteriorite. La demarche en interiorite s interrogera sur ce qui est pense dans la pensee des gens. Anthropologie du nom designe une investigation sur les formes de pensee qui exige l enquete. Le nom est innommable. Il s apprehende par les multiplicites concretes des lieux du nom qui sont autant de singularites de la categorie. Les categories se deployant sur fond de l innommable du nom snt : les modes historiques de la politique, categorie du nom inommable de la politique comme pensee ; l usine comme lieu specifie, categorie du nom innommable "ouvrier-usine". Tome deux : anthropologie ouvriere et enquetes d usines. L anthropologie ouvriere conduit des investigations sur les categories d ouvrier et d unsine a partir de "ce que pensent les ouvriers". Trois enquetes sont presentees : allemagne orientale en 1992, canton (chine) en 1989, renault-billancourt en 1985. Tome trois : politique et histoire. Y sont etudies differents modes historiques de la politique et saint-just, lenine et althusser<br>Volume one : an anthropology of the name. The two founding statements are people hink and people's thought suggests that there should be theses on the "real". Such an anthropology aims that elucidating subjectivity from its inner side, note from its outer side. The subjective approach will ponder over what it is actually thought in people's thoughts. An anthropology of the name implies investigating into ways of thinking which call for fieldwork. The name cannot be named. It is unnameable but is can be approached by numerous concrete loci of name representing the various specific components of the category. The categories developed in that context are : the historical modes of politics, a category of the unnameable name of politics as a thought ; the factory as a specified locus, a category of the unnameable compound name "worker factory". Volume two : an anthropology of factory workers and fieldwork in factories. The anthropology of factory workers carries out investigations into "worker" and "factory" as categories using as a starting statement : what factory workers think. Three works are presented here : eastern germany in 1992, canton (chine) in 1989

This dissertation consists of a literary novel. A preface deals with issue of introducing philosophical ideas into fictional works, with special emphasis on the techniques of ambiguity and destabilization of reality, as deployed in the novel.

Tableau d'honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales, 2017-2018<br>En Asie, la migration interne et internationale s’avère incontournable dans l’étude de la région. Dans le cas du Vietnam, depuis le Renouveau, une transformation des opportunités, des modèles de mobilité et des normes sociales a eu lieu, et par conséquent, une transformation des stratégies relatives aux moyens de subsistance des ménages. Par une méthode mixte ayant recours à des données quantitatives et qualitatives, cette recherche s’intéresse aux comportements migratoires, au cycle de vie des ménages et aux besoins (« care needs ») des ménages. Le point de départ et la question suivante : comment le cycle de vie du ménage et ses besoins, lesquels sont de nature multiple et fluctuent dans le temps, influencent-ils les comportements migratoires ? Le volet quantitatif de l’analyse mesure les besoins du ménage selon trois indicateurs : le rapport de dépendance, le niveau de dépenses en santé et le niveau de dépenses en éducation. Cette analyse de la charge du ménage et de la migration montre que les besoins du ménage ne provoquent pas forcément une migration. Les résultats renforcent les observations selon lesquelles la migration requiert certaines conditions et qu’au niveau du ménage, les besoins immédiats ont plutôt tendance à prévenir qu’à provoquer la migration. Un seuil au-delà duquel la charge du ménage devient trop importante fait que les probabilités de migration diminuent. Cependant, les couts de l'éducation demeurent un moteur important de la migration au Vietnam. À partir de données ethnographiques originales, une analyse qualitative explore le seuil à partir duquel les besoins du ménage commencent à limiter les possibilités de migrations d’un ou de plusieurs de ses membres. Les résultats montrent que l’évolution des besoins du ménage et des capacités des membres d’un ménage modifie la façon dont le ménage s’organise et déploie sa force de travail au fil du temps.<br>In Asia, internal and international migrations are essential to regional studies. A transformation of opportunities, mobility models and social norms occurred in the case of Vietnam since the Renewal and, consequently, a transformation of strategies pertaining to the livelihood of households as well. Through a mixed-method approach using quantitative and qualitative data, this research focuses on migratory behaviours, the life cycle of households and households’ care needs. The departing point and research question are the following: how does the life cycle of a household and their care needs, which are by nature multiple and in constant fluctuation, influence migratory behaviours? The quantitative component measures household care needs according to three indicators: the dependency ratio, the health expenses and the education expenses. This analysis of the household’s care needs and migration demonstrate that a household’s needs do not necessarily provoke migration. The results reinforce the observations according to which migration requires certain conditions and that the immediate care needs tend to prevent rather than provoke migration at the household level. At some point, a threshold whereby care needs prevent migration is present. However, the cost of education remains an important migration driver in Vietnam. From first-hand ethnographic data, a qualitative analysis explores the threshold from which the needs of a household begin to limit the migration possibilities in a household. The results show that the evolution of care needs and capacities of the household’s members modify the way a household organizes and deploys its workforce over time.

Véritables symboles pour les entreprises, les noms jouent un rôle fondamental dans l' économie, et ce phénomène économique est en contradiction avec la place que leur reconnaît le droit. La notion de nom est présente dans le droit des affaires sous des visages variés et parfois méconnus : nom commercial, dénomination sociale, raison sociale, enseigne, marque, code d' accès télématique et désormais nom de domaine. Les noms de l' entreprise apparaissent hétéroclites d' autant que le droit procède à leur approche de manière cloisonnée et disparate : seule la marque fait l' objet d' un régime juridique légal, le sort des autres noms ayant été abandonné au soin des juges. Les contours des droits sur ces noms sont incertains et il en résulte de nombreuses incertitudes pratiques, en particulier en ce qui concerne les relations entre les noms<br>As symbols of the companies, corporate names play a larger function in the economy than assumed by the French law. Still, the business law addresses the notion of name through different- and sometimes not well known - aspects. The objective of this study is to clarify this matter and try to etablish a unity in the corporate names

Herodotus attributed much significance to the subjects of food and foodways. With the possible exception of death-related rituals, foodways are the only genre of custom that Herodotus covers in substantial detail for every society which he describes at length, and they are an important component of ethnicity and identity in both his explicitly ethnographical logoi and his narrative generally. The two most well-known sources on food and identity in Herodotus, François Hartog’s Le miroir d’Hérodote (1980, English 1988) and Brent Shaw’s “Eaters of Flesh, Drinkers of Milk” (1982) take Herodotus’ discussion of food as a method of “Othering,” a “mirror” through which Herodotus’ Greek readers could see themselves by comparison to outlandish, often fabricated, descriptions. However, Herodotus’ food passages reflect, at least to some extent, a reality which Herodotus clearly thought it important to relate, so to dismiss them as simply one more act of literary “Othering” is insufficient. Previous studies have tended to focus entirely on one culture, usually Scythian, sometimes Perisan, and rarely Egyptian, whose foodways generally appear only in broader studies of Herodotus’ Egyptian logos. Because of these limitations, and the fact that the scholarly community seemed to consider the problem of food in Herodotus “solved” after Hartog and Shaw (and thus no longer worthy of continuing research), the topic merits renewed investigation. Through a look at all three cultures, I show that Herodotus’ discussion of food is part of a larger scheme of humanizing barbarians, an addition of a biological universal to which any reader/listener could relate. In Herodotus’ discourse on food, the barbarian is not presented exclusively as an “Other” but also made more relatable to the Greek audience, complicating the relationship between “us” and “them.” Ultimately Herodotus shows his audience that barbarians, and especially Persians, share more in common with Greeks in terms of foodways than has previously been accepted, using food as a narrative tool to tie together disparate cultures. This thesis represents an important initial step in bringing the subject of food in Herodotus, after several decades of being overlooked, up to date with scholarship on other aspects of his work.<br>Arts, Faculty of<br>Classical, Near Eastern and Religious Studies, Department of<br>Graduate

Orientador: Omar Ribeiro Thomaz<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T18:49:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Salvi_ValentinaIsolda_D.pdf: 1013976 bytes, checksum: d51bdfacc05fd984a4b65028a8e26300 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008<br>Resumo: Esta tese propõe-se a abordar a memória militar sobre a repressão na Argentina, mais especificamente, a memória do exército, buscando reconhecer as diferenças entre a memória oficial da instituição, as memórias dos oficiais reformados que participaram no Operativo Independencia e a memória dos setores civis/militares, assim como assinalar as posições relativas e conflitos que atravessam e conformam essa comunidade de memória. O objetivo geral é, pois, identificar quais e como são não só os sentidos e representações que tanto o exército quanto os oficiais reformados atualizam e elaboram para evocar e justificar a assim chamada ¿luta contra a subversão¿, mas também as práticas comemorativas que encenam junto às famílias e às organizações cívico/militares para homenagear os oficiais ¿mortos pela subversão¿. A memória castrense sobre a repressão responde tanto à continuidade de uma matriz narrativa sobre o passado recente, que reforça a autovaloração do exército como uma comunidade moral diferenciada da sociedade civil, quanto às transformações e inovações que vão permitindo à instituição e a seus homens posicionar-se frente ao fortalecimento da memória dos desaparecidos e ao discurso dos organismos de Direitos Humanos. Por isso, o interrogante primordial que anima esta tese é como se articulam mudança e continuidade na memória de uma instituição ¿ e dos oficiais que foram contemporâneos dos fatos- para os quais o passado é uma fonte de legitimidade e identidade, mas que, ao mesmo tempo, são energicamente questionados por uma sociedade que lhes exige respostas pelos crimes cometidos. Atender às continuidades e rupturas da memória do exército permitirá, por sua vez, dar conta de sua dimensão de futuro e, assim, determinar as tendências à elaboração (atravessamento) ou à atuação (repetição compulsiva) dos sentidos de um passado autoritário e violento que tem o exército e seus homens como um de seus principais responsáveis. Daí que esta tese propõe-se também, por um lado, a examinar em que medida, para a comunidade militar, lembrar implica também assumir ou evadir as responsabilidades morais, jurídicas e políticas sobre o desaparecimento de pessoas, e, por outro lado, compreender como se articulam os argumentos justificatórios e as estratégias políticas com as quais se busca controlar e vigiar a transmissão de sentidos sobre a ¿luta contra a subversão¿ às novas gerações. Por último, esta tese propõe-se a indagar como a ¿luta contra a subversão¿, enquanto prática e discurso, incide ao mesmo tempo em que se reapropria das significações morais dos oficiais do exército e da doutrina e práticas castrenses, assim como de seus valores, tradições e sentimentos. Para isso, busca investigar as relações entre moralidade, memória e identidade, prestando principal atenção àquilo que une os oficiais; àquilo que os obrigou ou convenceu a atuar de um ou outro modo; aos padrões de normalidade que organizam sua sociabilidade; àquilo que permitem ou proíbem, implícita ou explicitamente, seus códigos comuns; aos critérios de bem e de mal que detentam, enfim, os sentidos e práticas que estimulam e justificam a violência<br>Abstract: The aims of this thesis is to analyze the memory of military personel regarding illegal repression in Argentina, focusing on army¿s memory. More specifically, it attempts to recognize differences among the official memory of the army as institution, the memory of former staff from Operativo Independencia and the memory of the civil sector close to the army, highlighting their relative positions and the conflicts that underlay and inform this community of memory. The general objective is to identify the meanings and representations that, on the one hand: army and former officials produce and actualize in order to evoke and justify the so-called ¿fight against subversion¿. And on the other hand, the commemorative practices stage on by relatives of army staff, and civil organizations which supported them (such as NGO¿s), in order to pay tribute to the ¿deaths by subversion¿. The memory of repression of the army reproduces a narrative matrix on the recent past which tends to reinforce the self-perception of the army institution as a moral community isolated from civil society. But also, this memory highlights the transformations and innovations that allow the institution of the army and its personnel to take position against the increasingly stronger discourse of human rights's NGOs and the memory of relatives of disappeared people. Therefore, the main question of this thesis is how change and continuity is articulated within the memory of a institution ¿ and in the memory of the officials that have participated in the repression ¿ for whom the past is either a source of legitimacy and identity. But for whom, at the same time, this past history implies a strong criticism from public society and a demand of justice. To notice the continuities and rupture of army's memory will allow us to take account of the dimensions of future, and therefore, to determine the tendencies to elaboration () or acting (compulsive repetition) of the meanings built on a violent and authoritarian past, from which the army is one of the main responsible. In this sense, this thesis also propose on the one hand: to analyze to what extend the act of remembering for the military community implies also to assume or to evade moral, juridical, and political responsibilities over the disappearance of people. And, on the other hand to understand how are articulated different vindicative arguments and political strategies in order to control the transmission of meanings over ¿the fight against subversion¿ towards new generations. Lastly, this thesis argues that ¿the fight against subversion¿ as discourse and practice affects and gains over the moral sense of the army practices and doctrine, but also of it values, traditions and feelings. Therefore, we try to research the relations between morality, memory and identity, identifying and describing: those relations which link the army officials, those which compels or convince then to act in some way or another, the framework of normality that organizes its sociability, the internal codes of behaviour that explicitly of implicitly allow or forbid some actions, their judgement of good and evil, and the meanings and practices that encourage and justify violence<br>Doutorado<br>Doutor em Ciências Sociais

A pesquisa apresenta o violão enquanto instrumento musical chave de leituras sociais, e sua performance enquanto dado etnográfico. Foram feitos questionamentos em torno da dimensão ideológica do assim chamado \"violão brasileiro\": a construção do(s) seu(s) discurso(s) e as relações de poder que implicam pensar em sua historiografia. Numa abordagem qualitativa, a tese baseia suas aproximações nas análises de teorias etnomusicológicas sobre os instrumentos musicais, numa amostra de teses e dissertações brasileiras focadas no violão, e entrevistas em profundidade com intérpretes, compositores, professores, luthiers, pesquisadores e jornalistas. Como resultado, nessa sistematização de atores, acepções e apropriações que o termo \"violão brasileiro\" suporta, apresenta-se categorias e modelos analíticos para compreender essa teia de instâncias sociais oriundas de uma \"memória dos cordófonos dedilhados\", memória esta reconhecida posteriormente no violão e que batizamos de \"identidade transitiva\".<br>The research presents the guitar as musical instrument and key reading in social aspects, and its performance as ethnographic data. Questions were raised about the ideological dimension of the so-called \"Brazilian guitar\": the construction of its discourse (s) and the power relations that imply thinking about its historiography. From a qualitative approach, the thesis bases its approaches in the analysis of ethnomusicological theories on musical instruments, in a sample of Brazilian theses and dissertations focusing on the guitar, and in-depth interviews with performers, composers, teachers, luthiers, researchers and journalists. As a result, in this systematization of actors, meanings and appropriations supported by the term \"Brazilian guitar\", categories and analytical models are presented to understand this assemblage of social instances originating from a \"memory of the strumming cordophones\", a memory later recognized in the guitar and which we call \"transitive identity\".

Submitted by Diana Alves (ppgdancaufba.adm@gmail.com) on 2015-05-13T15:44:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO_Ana Cecília Vieira Soares_VERSÃO FINAL (1).pdf: 4047947 bytes, checksum: 8d5ebee368a0c201a0bf0d5611a3733b (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Alda Lima da Silva (sivalda@ufba.br) on 2015-05-14T14:25:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO_Ana Cecília Vieira Soares_VERSÃO FINAL (1).pdf: 4047947 bytes, checksum: 8d5ebee368a0c201a0bf0d5611a3733b (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T14:25:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO_Ana Cecília Vieira Soares_VERSÃO FINAL (1).pdf: 4047947 bytes, checksum: 8d5ebee368a0c201a0bf0d5611a3733b (MD5)<br>A presente pesquisa foi desenvolvida no âmbito do Mestrado em Dança do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Dança da Universidade Federal da Bahia e tem como mola propulsora pensar o corpo/dançarino com deficiência e seu acesso à arte. Estudamos a presença da pessoa com deficiência na cena artística da dança tomando como ponto de partida a observação da obra coreográfica GROTOX. De autoria do Prof. Ms. José Henrique Amoedo Barral, a coreografia foi interpretada pelo Grupo Dançando com a Diferença, da Ilha da Madeira/Portugal, em parceria com a Casa da Música, da Cidade do Porto/Portugal, dentro do Festival Ao Alcance de Todos, no ano de 2009. Como proposta metodológica definimos analisar criticamente a obra tendo como referencial os preceitos da Crítica Genética, bem como os estudos em Processos de Criação defendidos por Cecília de Almeida Salles. Nossa análise observa a forma pela qual o corpo/dançarino com deficiência é mostrado nessa elaboração cênica, especificamente: quais as possibilidades de dança apresentadas, se a estética do “corpo coitadinho” ou um trabalho de investigação do movimento, se a proposição de uma estética construída por esse corpo com deficiência. O GROTOX tem “o belo e o feio” como tema, e segundo o coreógrafo em sua pesquisa artística recorreu aos livros de Umberto Eco: A história da beleza (2010) e A história da Feiura (2007). Partindo dessa referência buscamos entender as relações que se estabeleceram no processo de criação da obra, bem como as relações estabelecidas em cena entre as singularidades dos corpos dançantes. Nessa busca trouxemos para compor o referencial teórico de nossa pesquisa: a Teoria Corpomídia (GREINER/KATZ, 2004), o conceito de Multidão (HARDT/NEGRI, 2005) e o conceito de Corpo Sitiado (CORREIA, 2007).

Les technopoles apparaissent comme une nouvelle étape dans le processus d’industrialisation. En raison du changement de l'environnement économique de la production industrielle, dans une économie mondiale très concurrentielle, la capacité d’innovation est un facteur clé de la compétitivité. Les technopoles deviennent un modèle suscitant l'intérêt notamment des nouveaux pays industrialisés et des pays émergents de par leurs capacités à dynamiser l’économie et à accélérer le transfert des technologies. A l’instar d’autres pays de la péninsule d'Asie du Sud-est et désireux de s'insérer dans le contexte concurrentiel mondial, le gouvernement vietnamien a, depuis 1992, manifesté sa volonté de créer des parcs de haute technologie ou des « technopoles » aboutissant notamment à la création du parc de haute technologie de Hoa Lac à Hanoi et du parc de haute technologie de Ho Chi Minh Ville. Notre thèse vise en partie à tenter de remédier aux faiblesses du processus d'implantation de technopoles alors que ce dernier est considéré comme un procédé incontournable pour promouvoir le développement de la haute technologie dans les pays émergents. La thèse a tenté de répondre aux questions suivantes : Comment se déroule le processus d'aménagement et d'implantation des technopoles ou des parcs de haute technologie au Vietnam ? Dans le contexte social, culturel et économique actuel du Vietnam, quels enseignements (connaissances et savoir-faire) pouvons-nous tirer des expériences des technopoles asiatiques et européennes sur le processus d'implantation de technopoles? La thèse a permis d’actualiser les connaissances sur le processus d'implantation des parcs de haute technologie dans les pays d'Asie du Sud-est en général et au Vietnam en particulier. Ce sujet présentait de sérieuses lacunes au niveau de la documentation. La recherche a permis de déterminer les conditions que nous jugeons nécessaires pour favoriser le succès des implantations de technopoles au regard du contexte vietnamien. La thèse précisera en même temps les potentialités et les risques induits par ces propositions<br>Technology parks appear as another step in the process of industrialization. Due to the change in the economic environment of industrial production in a highly competitive global economy, innovation capacity is a key factor in competitiveness. Technology parks are becoming a model attracting interest from the newly industrialized countries and emerging countries due to their ability to stimulate the economy and accelerate technology transfer. Like other countries in the peninsula of Southeast Asia and wanting to fit in the competitive worldwide market, the Vietnamese government expressed its desire to create high-tech parks or "science parks", post-1992, leading to the creation of Hoa Lac high-tech park in Hanoi and Saigon high-tech park in Ho Chi Minh City. Our thesis is in part to try to remedy the weaknesses of the implementation process of technology parks as this is considered a key element for promoting the development of high technology in emerging economies. The thesis sought to answer the following questions: What is the planning process and establishment of science parks or high-tech parks in Vietnam? In the social, cultural and economic context of Vietnam, what lessons (knowledge and expertise) can we learn from the process of the development of existing Asian and European science parks? The thesis provides updated knowledge of the development process of high-tech parks in the countries of Southeast Asia in general and Vietnam in particular. Prior to this thesis, there was a lack of literature covering this subject area. The research has identified the conditions that we consider necessary to promote successful developments of high-tech parks within the Vietnamese context. The thesis stipulates both the potentials and risks of these proposals

Depuis la fin des années 1980, les réformes agraires, la transition vers l'économie de marché, l'assouplissement des mouvements de population, l'autorisation de commerce privé, la nouvelle loi foncière et l'urbanisation dynamisent les mutations du monde rural, les processus de périurbanisation et métropolisation. L'épuisement des réserves foncières, l'élargissement des limites urbaines, les investissements internationaux marquent l'extension de Hanoi. Ce mouvement " rénovateur " constitue le moteur de l'agriculture périurbaine au cœur de nouveaux enjeux. Le retour à l'économie familiale permet de diversifier les systèmes de production et d'améliorer les revenus. L'augmentation de la demande, du niveau de vie et des exigences de consommation entraînent le développement d'une ceinture maraîchère, fruitière et horticole. La décollectivisation et la restructuration des coopératives ne font pas disparaître les structures communautaires. L'Etat appelle à la participation des acteurs privés pour le développement de l'industrie agroalimentaire, des marché de gros et des filières. Les investissements publics faibles et le cadre législatif flou, laissent place aux réseaux privés. Face à la différenciation économico-sociale, les agriculteurs sont attentifs aux possibilités de valorisation du foncier et d'insertion aux marchés dans le cadre de stratégies multifonctionnelles. Outre les problèmes environnementaux, la concurrence entre activités urbaines et agricoles renvoit à l'utilisation du foncier et la reconversion des ruraux. A partir d'enquêtes, nous dégageons la spécificité des espaces périurbains et leur trajectoire d'insertion urbaine qui aboutit à de nouveaux paysages<br>Since the late 80s, changes in rural areas, a periurbanization and metropolization process have been generated by agrarian reforms, economic transition policies, easier population movement, private business approval, new land use regulations and urbanization development. Hanoi's extension is characterized by the decline of land availability, enlargement of urban limits, and international investments. This "reformist" movement is the driving force of periurban farming that reflects new socio-economic and political issues. The return to household's economy enables a variety of production systems and an improvement of family income. Increase of the demand for consumer goods and new urban living standards are leading to a development of an agricultural belt. Low public investments, and vagueness of the regulatory framework set an open range for private networks. While the State calls for private economic sector participation in order to develop agro-industries and marketing channels, decollectivization and the restructuring of cooperatives haven't erased communal structures. Socio-economic differentiation leads to a greater awareness among farmers in terms of land speculation or commercial and employment opportunities trough strategies of multi-activities. Besides the land use problems, the competition between urban and agricultural activities also raises new issues related to environmental degradation and socio-economic reconversion of the rural population. Initiating by field surveys, we extricate the specificity of suburban spaces and their path within urban insertion through these strategies leading to the apparition of new landscapes

Depuis soixante ans, les Plateaux centraux du Vietnam ont connu des transformations démographiques et environnementales majeures découlant notamment de l’arrivée massive de migrants viêts. Ceux-ci ont incarné le processus de colonisation agricole et étendu l’écoumène viêt sur les Plateaux centraux. Cela a entrainé une déforestation massive et une perte de pouvoir pour les autochtones. Cette région autrefois isolée s’est rapproché d’Hanoï et du reste du monde de sorte qu’elle est aujourd’hui intégrée économiquement à leurs systèmes. Ce processus d’intégration marque l’arrivée dans cette région d’un nouveau système de valeurs pour les habitants viêts et autochtones. La présente étude contribuera à comprendre les rouages de l’intégration de ces populations aux systèmes nationaux et internationaux. Seront présentés les résultats de l’analyse d’entrevues menées auprès de petits exploitants d’un district rural du Lam Dong ainsi que des données liées à l’utilisation du sol démontrant l’ampleur des bouleversements imposés par le développement agricole récent.<br>For the last sixty years, Vietnam’s Central Highlands have experienced major demographic and environmental transformation induced by a massive influx of Viet migrants. They have incarnated the agricultural colonization process and extended the Viet distribution, inducing a massive deforestation and a loss of power for the Natives. This formerly isolated region is now closer to Hanoi and the rest of the world and is being integrated to their economic systems. This integration process comes with a new system of values for the Viet and Native inhabitants in this region. Understanding the mechanisms of the integration of those populations to the national and international systems is the contribution of this study. Results of the analysis of interviews conducted with smallholders in a rural district of Lam Dong province will be presented as well as land use data which demonstrates the scope of the transformations induced by the recent agricultural development.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-03-22T12:41:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 robledoestevessantospires.pdf: 1489508 bytes, checksum: 70622a2c796a7c60cf73b540110f1a2f (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-04-24T02:20:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 robledoestevessantospires.pdf: 1489508 bytes, checksum: 70622a2c796a7c60cf73b540110f1a2f (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-24T02:20:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 robledoestevessantospires.pdf: 1489508 bytes, checksum: 70622a2c796a7c60cf73b540110f1a2f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-25<br>A superlativação de conceitos por meio de projeções figurativas é um fenômeno muito comum à Língua Portuguesa, observado tanto na modalidade escrita quanto oral, e promove a emergência de padrões construcionais com sofisticados mecanismos de estruturação conceptual e formal. O presente estudo identifica, descreve e analisa um desses padrões: a Construção Hiperbólica por Símile – CHS, com especial destaque para as instâncias desta construção instituídas a partir do articulador sintático que nem, como ilustra o elenco de types a seguir: (1) A pobreza é que nem um câncer; (2) Passou por mim que nem um rabo de vento e (3) Inocência enrubesceu que nem uma romã. O aporte teórico central deste estudo advém de dois dos mais relevantes modelos da Linguística Cognitiva, quais sejam, a Gramática das Construções como um Modelo Baseado no Uso (GOLDBERG, 1995, 2006; LAKOFF, 1987; SALOMÃO, 2002-2007, 2009; MIRANDA, 2008-2010; BOAS, 2010) e a Semântica de Frames (FILLMORE, 1968, 1977, 1982), cujas teses apontam para a relevância do uso linguístico e da experiência (de todas as ordens) na arquitetura cognitiva do léxico e da gramática. Nesse enquadre, opta-se por procedimentos metodológicos baseados em corpora e em padrões de frequência de ocorrência e de tipos (GOLDBERG, 2006; BYBEE, 2007; CROFT & CRUSE, 2004). Os resultados certificam o valor semântico-pragmático específico dessas expressões hiperbólicas do Português, assegurando-lhes o estatuto de instâncias de um padrão construcional (a CHS) integrado por três subpadrões. Trata-se de uma construção vinculada à Construção Genérica de Modificação de Grau e cujo constructo ( FILLMORE, GOLDMAN & RHODES, 2010) se desenha pela presença de dois Elementos da Construção (EC): um EC Escopo ou núcleo graduável e um sintagma complexo (EC Qualificador_de_grau) resultante da ampliação de valência do EC Escopo. Evocando o frame Posição_máxima_em_uma_escala, a CHS tem seu Valor_hiperbólico assegurado através da comparação por Símile. Em termos de sua função discursiva, esta construção evocada por que nem, marcadamente informal, seja em modalidade oral ou escrita, demarca o domínio da autoexpressão, da subjetividade nas molduras interativas.<br>The construction of superlative concepts through figurative projections is a very common phenomenon to Portuguese Language, observed both in written and oral speech, and promotes the emergence of constructional patterns with sophisticated mechanisms for structuring conceptual and formal a language pattern. This study identifies, describes and analyzes one of these patterns: the Hyperbolic Construction by Simile – CHS, with special emphasis on its instances instituted by the syntactic articulator que nem, as illustrates the following types: (1) A pobreza é que nem um câncer; (2) Passou por mim que nem um rabo de vento e (3) Inocência enrubesceu que nem uma romã. The central theoretical assumptions comes from two of the most relevant models developed inside Cognitive Linguistics, namely the Construction Grammar as Used-based Model (GOLDBERG, 1995, 2006, LAKOFF, 1987; SOLOMÃO, 2002-2007, 2009; MIRANDA, 2008-2010; BOAS, 2010) and Frame Semantics (FILLMORE, 1968, 1977, 1982), whose thesis point to the importance of the language use and the experience (of all orders) in the cognitive architecture of the lexicon and grammar. In this framework, it is chosen a corpus-based methodological procedure, with the examination of token and type frequencies (GOLDBERG, 2006; BYBEE, 2007; CROFT & CRUSE, 2004). The results certify the specific semantic-pragmatic value of these hyperbolic expressions of Portuguese, assuring them the status of instances of a constructional pattern (the CHS) integrated for three subpatterns. The construction is linked to the Degree Modifying Generic Construction of which construct (FILLMORE, LEE-GOLDMAN & RHODES, 2010) is drawn by the presence of two construction elements (CE): a CE SCOPE or a gradable core and a complex phrase (CE DEGREE_MODIFIER) resultant from the expansion of the CE SCOPE valence. Evoking the frame Position_on_a_scale, CHS has its Hyperbolic_value ensured by the comparison by Simile. In terms of its discursive function, this construction evoked by que nem, markedly informal, whether in oral or written form, demarcates the area of self expression and subjectivity in interactive frames.