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1
Coban, Alev. "Das postkoloniale Andere im Technokapitalismus." sub\urban. zeitschrift für kritische stadtforschung 11, no. 1/2 (June 15, 2023): 149–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.36900/suburban.v11i1/2.844.
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Die Jahre 2007/2008 markieren einen Wendepunkt in der kenianischen Technikentwicklung: Eine Open-Source-Technologie zur Kartierung zivilgesellschaftlicher Missstände erlangte damals globale Aufmerksamkeit. Seitdem fungiert Nairobi als internationales Vorbild für Innovationen made in Africa und zieht als Silicon Savannah die zweithöchsten Investitionen in Afrika an. Auf Grundlage (auto-)ethnographischer Forschung von Affekten und Positionalitäten in innovativen Arbeitsplätzen in Nairobi argumentiere ich, dass Technikentwicklung in Kenia neben dem Codieren, Modellieren und 3-D-Drucken vor allem daraus besteht, Nairobi als einen Ort zu inszenieren, der mit den Normen des globalen Technokapitalismus mithalten kann. Empirische Einblicke in geführte Rundgänge durch Co-Working-Spaces zeigen, welcher affektiven Arbeit der Aushandlung es bedarf, um in einer technokapitalistischen Ökonomie der Versprechen und Performanzen den ersehnten Zukünften des wirtschaftlichen Fortschritts und der dekolonialen Emanzipation näherzukommen. Das Unterfangen, Nairobis Positionalität als postkoloniales Anderes neu zu skripten, ist ambivalent: Emanzipatorische Momente ergeben sich, während globale Machtasymmetrien stetig reproduziert werden.
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Nzunga, Dennis Joseph. "Executive Reward Structure and Financial Performance of Listed Companies in the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya." Journal of Finance and Accounting 6, no. 3 (July 12, 2022): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.53819/81018102t4057.
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Studies have reported positive and significant relationship,that is, positive relationship between executive fixed pay, cash bonus, stock options and company’s financial performance; others negative and significant relationship, while others no significant relationship. In view of4this, the4 study4 sought4 to4 establish4 the4 relationship4 between4 executive4 reward4 structure4 and4 financial4 performance4 of4 listed4 companies4 at4 the4 Nairobi4 Securities4Exchange, Kenya. The investigation's precise goals were to establish the impact of executive base pay, bonuses, and non-cash incentives, as well as executive7 stock7options, on7 the7 financial7 performance7 of7 firms7listed7 on7the Nairobi Securities7Exchange7in7Kenya.The research also determined if the rate of inflation had a moderating influence on the association between CEO compensation and financial performance of Nairobi securities exchange-listed businesses. Stakeholder theory, agency theory, marginal productivity theory, and managerial power and governance theory were all used in this research. In this study, the positivist philosophy was applied, as well as a causal research design. The target population was all 65 listed businesses on the Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya, and a census was conducted. The research employed panel secondary data from annual financial statements of NSE-listed businesses. The study finding indicated that all the study variables except for inflation had a positive correlation with with financial performance of listed firms. However it is basic pay, bonuses and non cash benefits that had a positive and significant effect on the financial performance of listed firms. The effect of executive share options was positive but insignificant at 5% level of significance. Equally the effect of inflation was negative but insignificant. However, inflation has a signinificant effect as a moderator in the relationship7 between7 executive7 rewards7 and7 financial7 performance7 of7 listed7 firms7 at7 the7 Nairobi7 Securities7Exchange.Its is on the basis on of this findings that the study recommends that listed firms need to tailor their executive compensation and reward schemes to performance to encourage the top executives to continuous work hard and achieve their performance targets. Keywords: Executive reward structure, executive basic salary, executive bonuses, executive non-cash benefits, executive stock options, inflation rate, financial performance.
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Ren, Hang, Wei Guo, Zhenke Zhang, Leonard Musyoka Kisovi, and Priyanko Das. "Population Density and Spatial Patterns of Informal Settlements in Nairobi, Kenya." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 18, 2020): 7717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187717.
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The widespread informal settlements in Nairobi have interested many researchers and urban policymakers. Reasonable planning of urban density is the key to sustainable development. By using the spatial population data of 2000, 2010, and 2020, this study aims to explore the changes in population density and spatial patterns of informal settlements in Nairobi. The result of spatial correlation analysis shows that the informal settlements are the centers of population growth and agglomeration and are mostly distributed in the belts of 4 and 8 km from Nairobi’s central business district (CBD). A series of population density models in Nairobi were examined; it showed that the correlation between population density and distance to CBD was positive within a 4 km area, while for areas outside 8 km, they were negatively related. The factors determining population density distribution are also discussed. We argue that where people choose to settle is a decision process between the expected benefits and the cost of living; the informal settlements around the 4-km belt in Nairobi has become the choice for most poor people. This paper ends with suggestions for urban planning and upgrading informal settlements. The findings will increase our understanding of urban population distribution in underdeveloped countries.
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Oiro, Samson, Jean-Christophe Comte, Chris Soulsby, Alan MacDonald, and Canute Mwakamba. "Depletion of groundwater resources under rapid urbanisation in Africa: recent and future trends in the Nairobi Aquifer System, Kenya." Hydrogeology Journal 28, no. 8 (October 3, 2020): 2635–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-020-02236-5.
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AbstractThe Nairobi volcano-sedimentary regional aquifer system (NAS) of Kenya hosts >6 M people, including 4.7 M people in the city of Nairobi. This work combines analysis of multi-decadal in-situ water-level data with numerical groundwater modelling to provide an assessment of the past and likely future evolution of Nairobi’s groundwater resources. Since the mid-1970s, groundwater abstraction has increased 10-fold at a rate similar to urban population growth, groundwater levels have declined at a median rate of 6 m/decade underneath Nairobi since 1950, whilst built-up areas have increased by 70% since 2000. Despite the absence of significant trends in climatic data since the 1970s, more recently, drought conditions have resulted in increased applications for borehole licences. Based on a new conceptual understanding of the NAS (including insights from geophysics and stable isotopes), numerical simulations provide further quantitative estimates of the accelerating negative impact of abstraction and capture the historical groundwater levels quite well. Analysis suggests a groundwater-level decline of 4 m on average over the entire aquifer area and up to 46 m below Nairobi, net groundwater storage loss of 1.5 billion m3 and 9% river baseflow reduction since 1950. Given current practices and trajectories, these figures are predicted to increase six-fold by 2120. Modelled future management scenarios suggest that future groundwater abstraction required to meet Nairobi projected water demand is unsustainable and that the regional anthropogenically-driven depletion trend can be partially mitigated through conjunctive water use. The presented approach can inform groundwater assessment for other major African cities undergoing similar rapid groundwater development.
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Carotenuto, Matthew, and Katherine Luongo. "Navigating the Kenya National Archives: Research and its Role in Kenyan Society." History in Africa 32 (2005): 445–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2005.0007.
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Situated at the edge of the central business district in downtown Nairobi, the Kenya National Archives (KNA) is a reservoir and living example of historical and ethnographic knowledge. Straddling the boundary between “tourist” Nairobi and “real” Nairobi, the KNA inhabits a space that transcends both function and class in a cosmopolitan, urban setting. The archives look out on the landmark Hilton Hotel, together with the swarms of up-market tourists and wealthy locals it attracts. On the KNA's rear, Tom Mboya street serves a modern gateway to the crushing, chaotic avenues and alleys that the vast majority of Nairobi's citizens tread daily as they depart from and return to the stark realities of Nairobi's eastern slums. Engulfed by the wailing horns of passing matatus and the rhythmic calls of street hawkers, the spaces inside and outside the archive offer a rich terrain for social scientists interested in both contemporary and historical Kenya.The composition of the KNA's clientele also reflects the boundaries that the archives span. Throughout the day, international tourists and local schoolchildren trickle into the groundfloor museum (currently undergoing a major renovation supported by the Ford Foundation) to view the extensive collection of artifacts and photographs representing Kenya's diverse cultures and rich history. Tucked away upstairs, a broad spectrum of patrons works and studies in the archives' reading room, using the KNA's resources for a variety of professional and personal projects.
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Smith, Constance. "Collapse." Focaal 2020, no. 86 (March 1, 2020): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2020.860102.
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AbstractIn Nairobi, the speed of urban growth is producing a parallel threat of architectural failure: in a recent spate of tower block collapses, many have died. Nairobians describe collapsed tower blocks as “fake,” referring to ideas of the counterfeit, as well as anxieties about morally suspect economies. Simultaneously, state-led development is re-envisioning Nairobi as a “world-class” city of spectacular infrastructure and gleaming high-rises. Though seemingly disconnected processes, the two are deeply entangled. Building on Africanist debates about the power of the double and the relationship between the surface and the underneath, I explore this superficially sleek but materially fragile landscape through a lens of “gray development,” complicating standard distinctions between the informal and the formal to uncover the underneath of Nairobi's world-class fantasies.
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Ngesa, Pamela Olivia, Felix Kiruthu, and Mildred J. Ndeda. "Colonialism and the Repression of Nairobi African Women Street Traders in the 1940s." Thought and Practice 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 95–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tp.v8i1.6.
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By the 1940s, the Municipal Council of Nairobi had enacted a host of By-Laws to control the presence of Africans, especially women, and had set up several agencies to implement them. Consequently, women street vendors were not only denied access to legal trade, but remained unwanted in the town except under very special circumstances. Nonetheless, pushed by their adversity, a number of them resorted to illegal hawking and demonstrated their resilience against the odds. However, as the hawkers’ earnings subsidised the colonial low wage migrant labour system, it became difficult for the colonial administration in Nairobi to resolutely stamp out their activities, especially in Eastlands. Besides, by the end of the 1940s, the Council’s fight against hawking had slackened owing to unsustainable expenses.
This paper examines the effect of colonial repression of African women street traders in Nairobi’s Eastlands area in the 1940s. Using the Gender and Development (GAD) perspective along with data mainly from libraries, archives and oral sources, it interrogates the women’s attractions to Nairobi and the logic behind their street trading activities. It also examines the colonial dynamics that exploited the attitudes and beliefs of African male elders to validate the colonial government’s gender marginalisation policies against women, particularly the hawkers. The paper concludes that the gender-based constraints against African women traders notwithstanding, propelled by need, the women irrepressibly struggled to find space in the prosperous economy of Nairobi in the 1940s.
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Racism, gender discrimination, patriarchy, street trading, hawkers, licensing
8
Shaw, Ian J. "What Has Glasgow to Do with Nairobi? The Churches and Rapid Urban Growth in Twentieth-Century Nairobi: A Comparison with Nineteenth-Century Glasgow." Studies in World Christianity 20, no. 2 (August 2014): 166–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/swc.2014.0084.
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This is a study of the rapid urban growth of twentieth-century Nairobi and its influence on patterns of church attendance and Christian practice. The experience of Glasgow in the nineteenth century is used as a historical comparator to highlight and evaluate particular trends in Nairobi's more recent experience. Although the rapid urbanisation of the two cities was separated by over a century and occurred in very different national and historical contexts, both shared similar pathologies of environmental problems, urban deprivation and poverty. Simple correlations between types of urban environment and certain patterns of Christian practice are not easily drawn in the two cities, but such complexity is common to the two cities. This study suggests that the process of rapid urbanisation did shape religious practice in Nairobi, if not always in predictable or negative ways. It brought openness to new ideas and flexibility to modes of Christian expression, as was also observed in Glasgow a century before. The responses of churches to the very major challenges caused by large-scale movements of population and consequent social dislocation also betray similarities across geographical and historical contexts. Despite claims as to the secularising influence of the city, Christian practice may prove to have been at its most robust and authentically African in a city like Nairobi.
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Colona, Francesco. "Police guns and private security cars. Ordering the state through socio-material policing assemblages in Nairobi." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 38, no. 3 (May 11, 2020): 436–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263775820923374.
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In this article, I show how the work of heterogeneous security and policing assemblages in Nairobi hinges upon and reproduces physical urban borders, and consequentially enacts social orders. While these assemblages enrol a diverse collection of people and objects, I liken their work to that of the state: some urban residents are considered as belonging to safe spaces and in need of extra protection, while others are considered dangerous and targets of policing activities. I draw on one year of ethnographic fieldwork with private security companies and police patrols in middle- and upper-class Nairobi. In Nairobi, armed police personnel are commonly seen in vehicles that are marked with the logos and colours of security companies or private vehicles. These arrangements are not only based on agreements between companies’ managers, urban residents and police, but rely on what specific infrastructures (such as road or radio networks) and various objects (such as guns and cars) afford. These material elements are not insignificant details. Rather they become central to the unfolding of the patrols. They contribute to the work of security and policing assemblages of categorizing Nairobi’s residents as either dangerous and potentially criminal subjects or as residents in need of extra protection.
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Ndegwa, James N. "Determinants of Apartment Prices within Housing Estates of Nairobi Metropolitan Area." International Journal of Economics and Finance 10, no. 6 (May 9, 2018): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v10n6p104.
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The objective of this study is to establish the determinants that significantly influence apartment prices that are located within housing estates of Nairobi metropolitan area. The determinants comprise of apartments features including: proximity to shopping malls, proximity to Nairobi’s central business district, proximity to schools, proximity to slums, presence of swimming pool, presence of balcony, size of the apartment, periodic rental income and land value. Both secondary and primary data sources were employed in the research and 30 housing estates where apartment are located were selected for data collection purposes. Multiple regression analysis was employed for the secondary data and the findings indicated that: land value and size of the apartments had a significant influence on apartment pricing. Descriptive statistical analysis findings indicated that proximity to shopping malls, proximity to Nairobi’s central business district, proximity to schools, presence of swimming pool, size of the apartments and land value had significant influence on apartment prices. Triangulation of secondary and primary data analysis results indicated a consistency rate of 50%. The recommendation of the study is that real estate stakeholders especially buyers should focus on size and land value of apartments as these significantly influence apartment pricing in Nairobi metropolitan area.
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Charbonneau, Jean-Pierre. "Bidonville à Nairobi." Tous urbains 23, no. 3 (2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/tu.023.0019.
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Dell, Miriam. "Nairobi - Juillet 1985." Diplômées 135, no. 1 (1985): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/femdi.1985.5581.
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Doray, Bernard. "L'appel de Nairobi." Sud/Nord 22, no. 1 (2007): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/sn.022.0063.
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Pool, Robert. "Stalemate in Nairobi." Nature 353, no. 6342 (September 1991): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/353291a0.
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Avramović, Dragoslav. "Commodities in Nairobi." Development and Change 8, no. 2 (October 22, 2008): 231–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.1977.tb00738.x.
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Adamus, Justyna, Tomasz Kępski, and Mirosław Mika. "Aglomeracja a park narodowy. Trudna relacja w warunkach afrykańskich – przypadek Nairobi i Parku Narodowego Nairobi." Konwersatorium Wiedzy o Mieście 31, no. 3 (December 30, 2018): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2543-9421.03.03.
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W artykule omówiono wybrane relacje między rozwojem aglomeracji Nairobi a funkcjonowaniem położonego w jej granicach Parku Narodowego Nairobi. Zwrócono szczególną uwagę na rozwój społeczno-ekonomiczny i przestrzenny Nairobi, który wywiera coraz silniejszą presję na ekosystem parku. Wśród głównych czynników antropopresji wymieniono przestrzenne rozlewanie się (sprawl) miasta oraz blokowanie korytarzy migracji ssaków na tereny poza parkiem. Potrzeby rozwojowe miasta stawiają pod znakiem zapytania przyszłość PN Nairobi, która w znacznym stopniu jest uzależniona od decyzji politycznych władz krajowych.
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Chikozho, Claudious, Damazo T. Kadengye, Marylene Wamukoya, and Benedict O. Orindi. "Leaving no one behind? Analysis of trends in access to water and sanitation services in the slum areas of Nairobi, 2003–2015." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 9, no. 3 (June 28, 2019): 549–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2019.174.
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Abstract Service provision backlogs in access to improved water and sanitation services remain a key barrier to the health and well-being of people living in Nairobi's slum areas. In this paper, we use quantitative data from the Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System to analyze the extent to which residents of Nairobi's slum areas have been able to access improved water and sanitation services from 2003 to 2015. This trend analysis reveals a slow but observable increase in access to improved sanitation facilities and garbage disposal services, while access to improved sources of water decreased. We conclude that the best scenario is the one in which all the three indicators have significantly improved during the period under consideration rather than having only some of them improving, while the others stagnate or decline. We recommend that Nairobi City Council and sector development partners refocus their attention towards increasing access to improved water and sanitation services in the urban low-income areas because lack of access to these essential services may expose people to waterborne diseases. It also threatens to leave behind a substantial number of people as the country moves towards the attainment of the water and sanitation-related sustainable development goals.
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Hassan, Amina Abdullahi, and Samson Paul Nyang’au. "Electronic Procurement Practices and Performance of Logistics Firms in Nairobi City County,Kenya." International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research (IJSSHR) ISSN 2959-7056 (o); 2959-7048 (p) 2, no. 1 (April 24, 2024): 318–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.61108/ijsshr.v2i1.91.
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The general objective of this study was to examine the relationship between e-procurement practices and performance of logistic firms in Nairobi County. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: to ascertain how E-tendering affects performance of logistics firms in Nairobi County, to determine the effect of E-invoicing in the performance of logistics firms in Nairobi County, to what extent E-Payment affect performance of logistics firms in Nairobi County and finally to establish how E-sourcing affect performance of logistics firms in Nairobi County. The study used descriptive design because it enhanced systematic description that is as accurate, valid and reliable as possible regarding the responses. The study was limited to 8 selected logistic firms in Nairobi County. Being an academic study, the period to be covered was 6 months. This study utilized a sample size of 54 respondents. The use of 54 respondents in the study was justified as it was in line with the recommendations of Mugenda and Mugenda who indicated that a descriptive study should include at least 30% of the total population. Since the sample size of 54 represented 30% of the population it was deemed appropriate. The researcher used questionnaires and secondary data as the research instrument to gather the relevant information needed related to the study. The study involved use of professionals and experts to test the validity of questionnaire by trying to assess what concept the instrument is trying to measure and the accuracy of representation of the concept under research. The quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. In addition, the study used multiple regression analysis to analyze the data. Regarding E-tendering, the study established that E-tendering had a significant and positive effect on the performance of logistic firms in Nairobi County. The study also established that E-invoicing had a significant and positive effect on the performance of logistic firms in Nairobi County. The study further established that E-Payment had significant and a positive effect on the performance of logistic firms in Nairobi County. The study finally established that E-sourcing had significant and a positive effect on the performance of logistic firms in Nairobi County.
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Kimondo, Charles Njure, Joshua Matanda Wepukhulu, and Oluoch Oluoch. "Effect of Product Pricing on Equity Return of Manufacturing Firms Listed at Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya." Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting 23, no. 20 (September 18, 2023): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2023/v23i201097.
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Purpose of Study: The study aimed to assess how product pricing affects the equity return of manufacturing firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya.
Research Design: The study employed both longitudinal and cross-sectional research designs.
Place and Study Duration: the study covered manufacturing firms listed at Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya. Data was collected from the year 2008 to the year 2021.
Research Methodology: The study's target population included 7 listed manufacturing companies in the Nairobi securities exchange. The current study relied on secondary data sources for the period between the year 2008 and year 2021 that was gathered from the Nairobi Securities Exchange, the capital market authority library and the annual reports of individual companies that were obtained from their websites. Descriptive and inferential measurements were used to evaluate the secondary data. Descriptive statistics comprised the mean and the standard deviation. Inferential statistics on the other hand comprised panel regression and Pearson's product-moment correlation analysis. Analysis was conducted using Stata 14 software to produce tables, graphs, charts, diagrams and statistical parameter estimates.
Results: The findings showed that product pricing has a positive influence on the equity returns of listed manufacturing firms in the Nairobi Securities Exchange. Also, the influence was found to be significant. This meant that product pricing had a positive significant influence on the equity returns of listed manufacturing firms in the Nairobi Securities Exchange. The study, therefore, rejected the null hypothesis and concluded that product pricing has a positive significant influence on equity returns of listed manufacturing firms in the Nairobi Securities Exchange.
Conclusions: According to the study's findings, product price has a favourable impact on the equity returns of manufacturing companies listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange. The impact was also shown to be substantial. This indicated that product pricing had an important beneficial impact on the equity returns of manufacturing companies listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange.
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Kariuki, Morris Irungu. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FINANCIAL LITERACY AND INDEBTEDNESS: A CASE OF UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI STUDENTS." SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES 8, no. 65 (March 25, 2021): 14993–5007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21922/srjis.v8i65.1343.
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The study objective was to determine the relationship between financial literacy and indebtedness a case of University of Nairobi Students. The study used a descriptive research design. The study was based at the University of Nairobi, Mombasa Campus. The study population was 2101. The sample size was 336 students. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. SPSS was used to analyze the data. The study attained 83% response rate. Money management, financial planning and financial planning were found to correlate strongly and positively with indebtedness and also significant at 5% level of significance. Therefore, they were found to be major contributors to student indebtedness. The study therefore found that money management, financial planning and financial decisions, affect indebtedness of the students at University of Nairobi. The study concluded that financial literacy affected indebtedness of the students at University of Nairobi. The study recommended that the University of Nairobi should roll out financial education, training, advice and counseling programs targeted at its students.
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Arcinius, Benyamin Ricchi, Nanda Dwi Rizkia, and Hardi Fardiansyah. "Removal of Ship Skeleton Based on Ratification of Nairobi International Convention on The Removal of Wrecks 2007 in Indonesia." Indonesian Journal of Contemporary Multidisciplinary Research 2, no. 4 (July 31, 2023): 747–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/modern.v2i4.5099.
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To improve ship safety, especially in overcoming the potential danger of ship skeletons, Indonesia through the Ministry of Transportation has ratified the Nairobi International Convention on the Removal of Ship Skeletons, 2007 (Nairobi International Convention on The Removal of Wrecks, 2007) with Presidential Regulation No. Republic of Indonesia. 80 of 2020 Ratification of the Nairobi International Convention on The Removal of Wrecks, 2007 (Nairobi International Convention About the Removal of Ship Framework, 2007) was signed in Jakarta on 20 July 2020 by the President of the Republic of Indonesia Joko Widodo. The research method uses normative legal research methods, a process to identify legal rules, legal principles and legal doctrine, to answer legal questions faced
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Odendo, Moses Ambasa. "Effect of Cash Ratio on Financial Performance of Agricultural Firms Listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya." Journal of Finance and Accounting 7, no. 11 (December 30, 2023): 297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.53819/81018102t4241.
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The study was informed by the continuous decline in financial performance of the agricultural firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya. The study emanates from the Doctoral dissertation of the first author in which the co-authors served as supervisors. A census approach was adopted where secondary data from audited annual financial reports of all the six Agricultural firms listed at the Nairobi Securities exchange, Kenya was used, covering the period 2015 to 2022. Descriptive analysis and panel regression analysis were applied. Based on the outcome of the panel regression analysis, the study established that cash ratio has significant effect on financial performance of the Agricultural firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya. The study recommends that agricultural firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange need to improve on their cash and cash equivalents holdings so as to easily address current liabilities when due. This will in turn sustain the financial performance of agricultural firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya. Additional research can be done using a different method of analysis to further investigate the relationship between cash ratio and financial performance of agricultural firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya. Keywords: Agricultural Firms, Cash Ratio, Financial Performance, Liquidity Preference Theory and Stewardship Theory
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Nyabwengi, Lucy M., and Owiti A. K’Akumu. "An evaluation of property tax base in Nairobi city." Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction 24, no. 2 (August 5, 2019): 184–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmpc-05-2019-0043.
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Purpose This study aims to evaluate the property tax base under the local government property taxation in Nairobi City and its implication on revenue adequacy of the city. Nairobi has grown both in population and in physical extent resulting to increased demand for urban services. The city faces challenges of adequate infrastructure service provision against increasing demand. Property taxation if fully exploited can be a major source of city government revenue, which has been dwindling. Design/methodology/approach Literature review of property tax bases in the world and examination of best practices was done to highlight the inadequacies of property tax base administration in Nairobi. Primary data were gathered through interviews of officers in Nairobi City involved in the land rating process. Secondary data were obtained through documentary search and field survey of the study area. Findings The study established that Nairobi relies on a dual system of taxation, namely, site value rating and area rating. Tax is on vacant land only and excludes improvements. There are many legal exemptions and administrative exclusions from the tax base. The property tax registers do not include all the taxable properties and there is no regular updating of the tax registers. Nairobi relies on an outdated valuation roll whose values have no relation to the current market values. Research limitations/implications These factors have resulted to a narrow tax base, which affects the revenue potential of the city and its ability to adequately provide infrastructure services. Originality/value This is an original research, which relied mainly on primary data. To establish the property tax bases and the exempt properties in Nairobi, the researchers interviewed the officers at the Nairobi city land valuation and property management directorate using structured questionnaires. To address the third objective on whether the property tax base is complete and all-inclusive, the research relied on primary data. The research population was residential properties in Buruburu, Kilimani and Riruta areas of Nairobi city. The sample data on property details were collected from the Ministry of Land and Physical Planning (MLPP). The researchers then examined the records at the Nairobi City to evaluate whether the properties, which are registered at the MLPP, are charged land rates at the city level and at what amounts. This included properties under site value rating and area rating.
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Onsomu, Damaris, and Florence Memba. "Effect of Integrated Financial Management Information System on Revenue Collection in County Governments in Kenya: The Case of Nairobi County." International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research (IJSSHR) ISSN 2959-7056 (o); 2959-7048 (p) 1, no. 1 (October 30, 2023): 494–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.61108/ijsshr.v1i1.43.
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The devolved governments were established with the expectation that County Governments would collect their own Revenue and as such reduce dependency on the central Government to meet their recurrent and development needs. Records show that Nairobi County is the richest County with a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of 27.5%.Despite this, revenue collection in Nairobi County has been minimal such that to get sufficient funds to meet expenditure like salaries and many others has been a concern. Consequently, this study sought to investigate the effect of integrated financial system on revenue collection at Nairobi County, Kenya. Further, explanatory survey research design was adopted and the population of the study comprised of the 150 management staffers working at Nairobi County and who directly used IFMIS in the management of funds. Consequently, simple random sampling procedure was used to access 107 staff from Nairobi County. Secondary data to access data on revenue collection in Nairobi County augmented by primary data from questionnaires were collected from the respondents and those instruments were computed through the Cronbach Coefficient Alpha formula to tests their reliability and the piloted results show an acceptable reliability index for all variables that are a>0.7. On the other hand, experts from JKUAT determined the validity of the instruments by examining the content of the instruments and consequently advised the researcher appropriately. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive analysis in form of percentages, frequencies and means while inferential statistics in the form of Pearson’s correlations and linear regression were done to test the hypotheses. The study found that while the county had a clear budgeting policy through IFMIS, the policy was only on paper and not effectively implemented which had negatively affected revenue collection at Nairobi City County. Also, ineffective internal control and records management done through IFMIS has a negative effect on revenue collection in Nairobi County Government. However, financial reporting via IFMIS has had a positive effect on revenue collection as in Nairobi County. The study thus recommends that the County Government of Nairobi in conjunction with National Treasury should initiate a robust review of the IFMIS system to ensure that it is improved if it is to meet the budgeting, internal control, financial reporting and records management requirements for effective revenue collection.
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Kamande, Francis, Wycliffe Oboka, Moses Gweyi, and Michael Ngala. "Adoption of Different Housing Models to Access Housing by Households in Nairobi County." European Journal of Business and Strategic Management 8, no. 4 (December 6, 2023): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ejbsm.2230.
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Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate adoption of different housing models to access housing by households in Nairobi County.
Methodology: Employing a descriptive research design, the study investigates the impact of housing regulations on housing access through mortgage and cooperative models. The research sample comprises 385 households, CEOs of housing financing organizations, and government officers.
Findings: The study reveals that adoption of housing model is shaped by diverse factors. The residency duration reflects both long-term and newer residents, highlighting the dynamic interplay of urban growth and migration. Notably, 35.0% of respondents have lived in their current houses for "4 - 6 years," emphasizing housing stability. The prevalent adoption of the Incremental (34.4%) and Cooperative Models (33.4%), alongside 41.4% awareness of the Mortgage Model, signifies residents' adaptability in navigating financial avenues for homeownership. Challenges like high construction costs persist, with 80% of Nairobi's population residing in informal settlements and slums. Strengthening regulatory frameworks is crucial, and policymakers should address financial barriers. This study provides insights for creating an inclusive and sustainable housing environment, essential for the 59.2% of renters expressing aspirations to transition into homeownership in Nairobi County. In conclusion, the housing landscape in Nairobi County, particularly Ruai Sub-County, reflects a mix of long-term and newer residents, emphasizing housing stability. The prevalent adoption of Incremental and Cooperative Models, along with awareness of the Mortgage Model, indicates residents' adaptability in pursuing homeownership.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Utilizing the Public Interest Economic Regulation Theory (PIERT), the Q Theory of Housing Investment, and the Theory of Distributive Justice, the research explores the interplay between government regulations, market forces, and social equity in the context of affordable housing. To address challenges, policymakers should strengthen regulatory frameworks, enhance financial policies, and promote diverse housing models. Public awareness campaigns are vital. Recommendations include tailored financial products and inclusive strategies to meet the varied needs of the population. These measures aim to create an enabling environment for accessible and sustainable housing in Nairobi County, benefiting both existing and aspiring homeowners.
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Jumah, Paul Kilote, Thomas Githui, and Martin Kweyu. "An Exploratory Study on the Role of Feasibility Study on Sustainability of Business in Kenya: A Case of Supermarkets in Nairobi County." Journal of Finance and Accounting 6, no. 1 (January 16, 2022): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.53819/81018102t2040.
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Organizational strategic feasibility studies are critical in mitigating uncertainty in the business environment and enhancing growth and performance. This study sought to ascertain the role of feasibility studies in the sustainability of supermarkets in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study's specific objectives were to determine the impact of technical feasibility, economic feasibility, operational feasibility, and legal feasibility on the sustainability of supermarkets in Nairobi County, Kenya. A descriptive research design was used for the study. The study's target population was seven major supermarkets: Naivas, QuickMart, Cleanshelf, The Game Store, Chandarana, Eastmatt, and Carrefour. A questionnaire was used to collect primary data. Findings indicated that technical feasibility is positively and significantly related to the business sustainability of supermarkets in Nairobi County. The findings also revealed that economic feasibility is positively and significantly related to the business sustainability of supermarkets in Nairobi County. The findings revealed a positive and significant relationship between operational feasibility and business sustainability of supermarkets in Nairobi County. Finally, the findings revealed that the legal feasibility and business sustainability of Nairobi County supermarkets are positively and significantly related. The study concluded that technical feasibility, economic feasibility, operational feasibility, and legal feasibility all have a positive impact on supermarket business sustainability. The study recommends that supermarkets should become acquainted with the technical technology that is available on the market and evaluate those that are appropriate for their needs. Managers of Nairobi County supermarkets increase the level of internal and external benchmarking in their supermarkets for economic benefit assessments. Keywords: Technical Feasibility, Economic Feasibility, Operational Feasibility, Legal Feasibility, Sustainability & Supermarkets.
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Kairu, Hellen, and Lucy Kibe. "Analysis of Product Differentiation on the Performance of Supermarkets in Nairobi City County, Kenya." Journal of Strategic Management 6, no. 6 (November 7, 2022): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.53819/81018102t6044.
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The rapidly changing Kenya market creates challenges for retail stores to retain their customers and build new competitive strategies against modern retailing. The study sought to analyze the influence of product differentiation strategy on the performance of supermarkets in Nairobi, to evaluate how cost leadership affect performance of supermarkets in Nairobi. The target population consisted of 147 managers and supervisors form the 7 main supermarkets in Nairobi City County. Primary data was collected using a semi—structured questionnaire and the data was analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive and Inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The study used a multiple regression model to show the relationship between the study variables. The results obtained were represented on tables, charts and graphs. The findings revealed an R squared of 0.696 and adjusted R squared of 0.663 at 95% significance level, implying that the competitive strategies adopted in this study explained 69.6 percent of the variation in performance of supermarkets in Nairobi City County. The study also found that product differentiation strategy as an aspect of competitive strategies had a positive and significant effect on the performance of supermarkets in Nairobi (β =.357, p=.029<.05). The study concluded that product differentiation as a competitive strategies adopted had positive and significant effect on the performance of supermarkets in Nairobi. The study thus recommended that the supermarkets in Nairobi City County should consider fully implementing competitive strategies such as product differentiation as ways of enhancing their performance. Keywords: Product Differentiation, Performance, Supermarkets, Competitive Strategies
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Moenga, Alice, and Dorothy Rotich. "Influence of Technology and ICT Policies on Hotel Guest Satisfaction in the Hotel Industry: A Case of 4 and 5 Star Rated Hotels in Nairobi City." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 6, no. 2 (May 16, 2023): 42–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.53819/81018102t6054.
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The adoption of ICT in the hospitality industry is important in the development of business, minimizing costs and the generation of revenue as well as to reach more customers. Across the world, the use of technology and information and communication technologies (ICT) in the hospitality industry has significantly impacted the way hotels operate and the way they provide services to their guests. In the wake of turbulence in the hospitality industry especially as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic that reduced disposable income as well as crippling travel and tourism around the planet, hotels need to lower their operation costs, find ways of increasing their revenue as well as enhancing guest satisfaction. The study sought to establish the effect of technology and ICT policies on 4 and 5 star hotels in Nairobi City County. Specifically, the study sought to establish the effects of property management systems on guest satisfaction in 4 and 5 star hotels in Nairobi Kenya; to examine the effect of online booking platforms on guest satisfaction in 4 and 5 star hotels in Nairobi Kenya; to determine the effect of in-room technology on guest satisfaction in 4 and 5 star hotels in Nairobi Kenya and to establish the effect of customer relationship management systems on guest satisfaction in 4 and 5 star hotels in Nairobi Kenya. The study was guided by the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Resource Based View Theory. The target population was 4583 staff from 24 four and five star hotels in Nairobi. Stratified random sampling was used to choose a sample size of 368 employees. The data was collected using structured questionnaires for the employees. The questionnaires were administered through google online questionnaire. Regression analysis was conducted to establish the relationship between the variables. The results were presented in graphs and tables. The study used a multiple regression model to show the relationship between the study variables. The findings revealed an R squared coefficient of 0.643 and adjusted R squared of 0.618 at 95% significance level, implying that the technology and ICT policies adopted in the study (Property Management Systems, Online booking platforms, In-Room Technology, Customer Relationship Management Systems) jointly explained 64.3 percent of the variation in guest satisfaction in four and five star hotels in Nairobi City County. The study also found that property management systems had a positive and significant effect on guest satisfaction in four and five star hotels in Nairobi City County (β =.357, p=.013<.05); online booking platforms had a positive and significant effect on guest satisfaction in four and five star hotels in Nairobi City County (β =.427, p=.005<.05); in-room technology had a positive and significant effect on guest satisfaction in four and five star hotels in Nairobi City County (β =.322, p=.003>.05) and finally the study found that customer relationship management systems as an aspect of technology and ICT policies had a positive and significant effect on guest satisfaction in four and five star hotels in Nairobi City County(β =.383, p=.000<.05). The study concluded that technology and ICT policies had a positive and significant effect on guest satisfaction in four and five star hotels in Nairobi City County. The study thus recommended that four and five star hotels in Nairobi City County should consider adopting technology and ICT policies such as Property Management Systems, Online booking platforms, In-Room Technology, Customer Relationship Management Systems and others as ways of enhancing guest satisfaction. Keywords: Technology, Guest Satisfaction, ICT Policies
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Kibe, Njoki, and Caleb Kirui. "Government and Program Implementation Bodies Policies on Performance of Women Empowerment Projects in Dagoretti Area, Nairobi County, Kenya." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Project Management 9, no. 1 (March 28, 2024): 72–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jepm.1755.
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Purpose: Women’s social, political and economic empowerment is a prerequisite for sustainable development and pro poor growth. Achieving women’s economic empowerment requires sound public policies, a holistic approach and long-term commitment and gender-specific perspectives must be integrated at the design stage of policy and programming. Accordingly, this study was designed to investigate the influence of government and program implementation bodies’ policies on the performance of women’s empowerment projects in Dagoretti area, Nairobi County, Kenya. To achieve this, the following specific objectives were utilized; to examine distribution of resources policies on the performance of women empowerment projects in Dagoretti area, Nairobi County, Nairobi, to assess decision making policies on the performance of women empowerment projects in Dagoretti area, Nairobi County, Nairobi, to assess monitoring and evaluation policies on the performance of women empowerment projects in Dagoretti area, Nairobi County, to examine leadership and coordination policies on the performance of women empowerment projects in Dagoretti area, Nairobi County.
Methodology: The research design that was adopted was descriptive research design. The study involved interviewing of key actors involved in women’s empowerment programs (particularly in the community based organizations (CBOS). The target population comprised of 33 women groups in Dagoretti Area, 4 county officials and 20 Chair persons of Program Implementing Bodies. The sample drawn from the target population was based on the basis of 30% of 33 that resulted to a selection of 10 women groups that were randomly selected. 3 officials from the county office dealing with Youths and women affairs and 7 officials from implementing bodies were purposively selected. The scope of study was Dagoretti Area, Nairobi County. Data was collected through a semi-structured questionnaire which was administered to the county official. Focus group discussion guides were carried out on women who were selected randomly during their meetings. Data collected was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively through the help of SPSS computer software and presented through themes percentages, frequencies, tables and bar graphs.
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Ronald, Allan, Frank Plummer, Elizabeth Ngugi, J. O. Ndinya-Achola, Peter Piot, Joan Kreiss, and Robert Brunham. "The Nairobi STD Program." Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 5, no. 2 (June 1991): 337–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0891-5520(20)30741-8.
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Anyamba, Tom. "Informal Urbanism in Nairobi." Built Environment 37, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 57–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2148/benv.37.1.57.
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Kimani, Cassan. "FAITH BASED GROUPS ROLE IN CONFLICT SOLUTION IN NAIROBI SLUMS." European Journal of Philosophy, Culture and Religion 1, no. 1 (March 14, 2017): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ejpcr.219.
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Purpose: The general objective of the study was to determine faith based group’s role in conflict solution in Nairobi slums.Methodology: The study adopted a desktop descriptive research design.Results: Based on the findings the study concluded that form and causes of conflicts that faith based groups in Nairobi slums faced; social and economic effect of role faith based group’s role in conflict solution and major challenges encountered by faith based groups had a significant effect on conflict resolution in Nairobi slums. Study recommended that future studies can explore the role of individual roles in conflict solution in Nairobi slums.Policy Recommendation: This study provides implications for both policy and practice. Based on the study findings the study recommends that the government and FBOS should increase cooperation’s in their quest to foster peace in the society.
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Ndonye, Paul, and Jagongo Ambrose. "A research agenda on portfolio diversification, government regulations, and the financial performance of deposit-taking SACCOs in Nairobi County, Kenya." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 12, no. 4 (June 17, 2023): 238–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v12i4.2621.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between portfolio diversification, government regulations, and the financial performance of DT SACCOs in Nairobi County, Kenya. It aims to determine the impact of financial asset investment on the financial performance of deposit-taking SACCOs in Nairobi County, Kenya; the impact of loan portfolios on the financial performance of deposit-taking SACCOs in Nairobi County; and the moderating effect of government regulations on the relationship between portfolio diversification and the financial performance of deposit-taking SACCOs in Nairobi County, Kenya. Capital market theory, modern portfolio theory, risk aversion theory, arbitrage portfolio theory, and decision-making theory will serve as the study's foundation. For the period under review, secondary data will be collected from audited annual financial statements included in SASRA reports.
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Akallah, Jethron Ayumbah. "Wells and Boreholes: Resilient Water Provision in Nairobi." HoST - Journal of History of Science and Technology 16, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 48–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/host-2022-0004.
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Abstract In most Global South cities, the majority of urban residents, especially those in informal settlements, continue to survive off the main infrastructural grid. In Nairobi for instance, over 60% of residents live in informal settlements, defined by widespread squalor and shortage of key infrastructures for everyday living. Despite their existence as unplanned, these informal settlements have witnessed some forms of innovation around alternative technologies for water provision. Through oral and archival sources, this article shows that although large infrastructural systems are critical to urban dwellers, Nairobi’s waterscape has always found its resilience in a quilted landscape of water supply technologies. As part of this quilt, boreholes and wells have long been essential, either as key solutions or as complements to the main supply system. The author explores the development of Nairobi’s centralised formal water supply system from 1899 to date locating inherently built vulnerabilities that are born out of the dependency on large infrastructural systems. He concludes that the centralised piped water supply system is critical hence vulnerable, and that urban resilience for both the poor and rich urban class, is built on alternatives that ensure multiplicity of access and usage.
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Nanda Dwi Rizkia and Hardi Fardiansyah. "Penerapan Kebijakan Asuransi Nairobi Penyingkiran Kerangka Kapal Berdasarkan Ratifikasi Konvensi Internasional Penyingkiran Kapal 2007 di Indonesia." Jurnal Hukum Sasana 9, no. 2 (December 14, 2023): 253–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31599/sasana.v9i2.2114.
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In order to improve shipping safety, especially in overcoming potential hazards posed by ship hulls, Indonesia through the Ministry of Transportation ratified the Nairobi International Convention on the Removal of Ship Skeletons, 2007 (Nairobi International Convention on The Removal of Wrecks, 2007) through Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number. 80 of 2020 concerning Ratification of the Nairobi International Convention on The Removal of Wrecks, 2007 (Nairobi International Convention Concerning the Removal of Ship Framework, 2007) which was signed by the President of the Republic of Indonesia, Joko Widodo on 20 July 2020 in Jakarta. This research method uses a normative juridical research type using a comparative study approach by conducting an assessment of laws and regulations, ratification of international conventions, books, journals. The results of research on the ratification of this convention are important for tackling potential hazards posed by ship hulls that threaten shipping safety and the marine environment as well as for providing legal certainty regarding regulation of responsibility and compensation for the removal of ship hulls. "The ratification of the Nairobi International Convention is in line with the commitment of the Ministry of Transportation of the Directorate General of Sea Transportation to continue to improve the safety and security of shipping and protection of the marine environment," the Nairobi International Convention on Removal of Ship Frames, 2007, regulates the obligation to insurance for removal of ship frames (Wreck Removal) which came into effect internationally on 14 April 2015.
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Onyango, Elizabeth Opiyo, Jonathan Crush, and Samuel Owuor. "Migration, Rural–Urban Connectivity, and Food Remittances in Kenya." Environments 8, no. 9 (September 7, 2021): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments8090092.
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This paper draws on data from a representative city-wide household food security survey of Nairobi conducted in 2017 to examine the importance of food remitting to households in contemporary Nairobi. The first section of the paper provides an overview of the urbanization and rapid growth of Nairobi, which has led to growing socio-economic inequality, precarious livelihoods for the majority, and growing food insecurity, as context for the more detailed empirical analysis of food security and food remittances that follows. It is followed by a description of the survey methodology and sections analyzing the differences between migrant and non-migrant households in Nairobi. Attention then turns to the phenomenon of food remitting, showing that over 50% of surveyed households in the city had received food remittances in the previous year. The paper then uses multivariate logistic regression to identify the relationship between Nairobi household characteristics and the probability of receiving food remittances from rural areas. The findings suggest that there are exceptions to the standard migration and poverty-driven explanatory model of the drivers of rural–urban food remitting and that greater attention should be paid to other motivations for maintaining rural–urban connectivity in Africa.
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Pope, Francis D., Michael Gatari, David Ng'ang'a, Alexander Poynter, and Rhiannon Blake. "Airborne particulate matter monitoring in Kenya using calibrated low-cost sensors." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 20 (October 26, 2018): 15403–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15403-2018.
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Abstract. East African countries face an increasing threat from poor air quality stemming from rapid urbanization, population growth, and a steep rise in fuel use and motorization rates. With few air quality monitoring systems available, this study provides much needed high temporal resolution data to investigate the concentrations of particulate matter (PM) air pollution in Kenya. Calibrated low-cost optical particle counters (OPCs) were deployed in Kenya in three locations: two in the capital Nairobi and one in a rural location in the outskirts of Nanyuki, which is upwind of Nairobi. The two Nairobi sites consist of an urban background site and a roadside site. The instruments were composed of an AlphaSense OPC-N2 ran with a Raspberry Pi low-cost microcomputer, packaged in a weather-proof box. Measurements were conducted over a 2-month period (February–March 2017) with an intensive study period when all measurements were active at all sites lasting 2 weeks. When collocated, the three OPC-N2 instruments demonstrated good inter-instrument precision with a coefficient of variance of 8.8±2.0 % in the fine particle fraction (PM2.5). The low-cost sensors had an absolute PM mass concentration calibration using a collocated gravimetric measurement at the urban background site in Nairobi.The mean daily PM1 mass concentration measured at the urban roadside, urban background and rural background sites were 23.9, 16.1 and 8.8 µg m−3, respectively. The mean daily PM2.5 mass concentration measured at the urban roadside, urban background and rural background sites were 36.6, 24.8 and 13.0 µg m−3, respectively. The mean daily PM10 mass concentration measured at the urban roadside, urban background and rural background sites were 93.7, 53.0 and 19.5 µg m−3, respectively. The urban measurements in Nairobi showed that PM concentrations regularly exceed WHO guidelines in both the PM10 and PM2.5 size ranges. Following a Lenschow-type approach we can estimate the urban and roadside increments that are applicable to Nairobi (Lenschow et al., 2001). The median urban increment is 33.1 µg m−3 and the median roadside increment is 43.3 µg m−3 for PM2.5. For PM1, the median urban increment is 4.7 µg m−3 and the median roadside increment is 12.6 µg m−3. These increments highlight the importance of both the urban and roadside increments to urban air pollution in Nairobi.A clear diurnal behaviour in PM mass concentration was observed at both urban sites, which peaks during the morning and evening Nairobi rush hours; this was consistent with the high roadside increment indicating that vehicular traffic is a dominant source of PM in the city, accounting for approximately 48.1 %, 47.5 % and 57.2 % of the total PM loading in the PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 size ranges, respectively. Collocated meteorological measurements at the urban sites were collected, allowing for an understanding of the location of major sources of particulate matter at the two sites. The potential problems of using low-cost sensors for PM measurement without gravimetric calibration available at all sites are discussed.This study shows that calibrated low-cost sensors can be successfully used to measure air pollution in cities like Nairobi. It demonstrates that low-cost sensors could be used to create an affordable and reliable network to monitor air quality in cities.
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Wanjohi, Ngari, and Stephen Waithaka. "Information Systems and Performance of Insurance Firms in Nairobi County, Kenya." International Journal of Technology and Systems 9, no. 2 (June 11, 2024): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ijts.2658.
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Purpose: The goal of the study was to ascertain how information systems influenced the insurance industry's performance in Nairobi County, Kenya. Methodology: This study employed a descriptive research design. The respondents were drawn from all 58 insurance firms in Kenya as listed by Insurance Regulatory Authority (2023). The study sample comprised of five senior management officer from each of the target population of 58 insurance companies in Kenya. Stratified sampling procedure was applied to select the subjects of study based on geographical location in Nairobi County. Data collection was done using structured questionnaires. The questionnaire had both open-ended and closed-ended questions. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed in the study to analyze the data. The coding and analysis were performed using SPSS version 21, and the results were shown as tables. Findings: The study concludes that technical factors have a positive and significant impact on Nairobi County insurance businesses' performance. The study discovered that the performance of insurance companies in Nairobi County is influenced by information system compatibility, confidentiality, ease of use, and reliability. the study comes to the conclusion that Nairobi County's environmental features significantly and favorably affect the performance of insurance companies. The study found that the performance of insurance companies in Nairobi County is influenced by competition, industry size, and pressure from suppliers and customers. Additionally, the study concludes that organizational factors have a positive and significant impact on Nairobi County insurance companies' performance. The study discovered that supplier and consumer pressure, industry size, and competition all had an impact on Nairobi County's insurance companies' performance. Resources factors encompassing availability of financial, human, and technological resources were established as the most influential component of the information systems with regard to performance of the insurance firms. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study was ancored on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The study also recommends that management should allocate financial resources strategically, focusing on areas that directly contribute to business growth, such as marketing, technology upgrades, and talent acquisition. In addition, management should ensure efficient use of financial, human and technology resources by closely monitoring expenses, avoiding unnecessary costs, and seeking opportunities for cost-saving measures.
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Greenwood, Anna, and Harshad Topiwala. "Visions of Colonial Nairobi: William Simpson, Health, Segregation and the Problems of Ordering a Plural Society, 1907–1921." Social History of Medicine 33, no. 1 (August 28, 2018): 57–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/shm/hky060.
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Abstract The 1915 Simpson Report made public health recommendations for Nairobi that were heralded as ground-breaking. Of particular interest to the colonial authorities was Professor Simpson’s suggestion to racially segregate Nairobi to prevent diseases said to emanate from its Indian bazaar. Rather than being novel, this article shows that these recommendations were typical of enthusiasm for segregation in other parts of Empire, as well as being in line with earlier health reform proposals for Nairobi. Furthermore, although public health justified racially discriminatory practices for European ends, this was not a predictable story of Indians uniting against segregation and Europeans campaigning for it. Indeed, the debates stimulated by Simpson reveal some disunity amongst Kenyan Indians. Additionally, when segregation plans were dropped in 1921 Indians continued to live in their own sub-communities in Nairobi, indicating that opposition to segregation was as much a symbolic political battle than a cultural necessity.
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Kariuki, Udo, Etenesh Okafor, and Olalekan Abioye. "Impact of Street Photography on Social Awareness in Nairobi, Kenya." Art and Society 3, no. 2 (April 2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.56397/as.2024.04.01.
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This research explores the multifaceted realm of street photography in the dynamic urban context of Nairobi, Kenya. Focusing on the potential of this visual medium for social change, the study delves into the ethical considerations, cultural sensitivities, and societal impact associated with street photography. It investigates the role of street photographers as storytellers and their influence on public discourse, aiming to shed light on pressing social issues and challenge ingrained perspectives. The guidelines proposed for responsible street photography offer a comprehensive framework, emphasizing informed consent, cultural sensitivity, collaboration, social impact assessment, and educational initiatives. Through these guidelines, the research envisions a future where street photography becomes a catalyst for positive societal transformation within Nairobi’s diverse and evolving landscape.
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Manaseh, Bocha A., Gachohi John, Karanja Simon, and Mwachari Christine. "Mapping cholera risk in Nairobi County, Kenya: a comprehensive analysis of environmental, socio-economic, and WASH factors." African Journal of Health Sciences 36, no. 3 (December 2, 2023): 286–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajhs.v36i3.11.
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Background : Cholera, a globally prevalent waterborne disease, is closely monitored in Kenya as part of the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response strategy. Understanding regional variations in cholera risk factors and trends is crucial, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to construct a risk map for cholera outbreaks in Nairobi County, based on the spatial-temporal dynamics of environmental and socio-cultural factors, Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) conditions, and historical cases reported between 2009 and 2019.
Methodology : We retrospectively analyzed historical cholera cases in Nairobi, employing spatial analysis to map the spatiotemporal variations in factors associated with cholera outbreaks. A cross-sectional descriptive research design was adopted to investigate the relationship between WASH conditions and cholera outbreaks. Stratified random sampling selected 399 respondents from all 85 wards in Nairobi County. We employed descriptive statistics (percentages and frequencies) and inferential statistics (Chi-square) to assess variable relationships.
Results : Cholera cases are concentrated in densely populated, especially informal, settlements. Population size significantly correlated with cholera cases (p-value=0.03). Dumping sites in Nairobi emerged as potential cholera sources within residential areas, with the vicinity showing a slight association with reported cases. Rainfall patterns and humidity levels across Nairobi County also influenced cholera risk.
Conclusions : Areas within 400 meters of rivers and sewage lines faced elevated cholera risk. Most cases occurred in slum or regular residential areas. Proximity to dumping sites increased the risk of cholera outbreaks. These findings offer valuable insights for cholera prevention and control strategies in Nairobi County.
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Shitsama, Ayuma Sheila, Fredrick Kiongera, and Willis Otuya. "Effect of Monetary Reward Strategies on National Police Service Delivery in Nairobi County, Kenya." African Journal of Empirical Research 4, no. 1 (May 17, 2023): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.51867/ajernet4.1.21.
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Despite the fact that the National Police Service (NPS) is mandated to protect the lives and properties of the people as stipulated in the Kenyan constitution, it continues to face unprecedented pressure to improve its services to the public. Despite several changes being witnessed in the recent past, including annual recruitment of personnel, increased recruit training duration, acquisition of sophisticated weapons, advancement in technology, and most recently the merger of KPS and APS officers to increase personnel , no significant changes have been witnessed when it comes to efficiency in their service delivery. According to Kenya crime rates and statistics, there has been a sharp increase in crime rates in Kenya for 2020–2021, with an 8.21 percent increase. The general objective of this study was to establish the effect of monetary reward strategies on the delivery of services for the National Police of Nairobi's devolved government. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The NPS staff population in Nairobi County is 9530, of which 400 were sampled with a turnout of 338. Primary data was obtained using questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted. The results of this research were useful not only to the county of Nairobi but also to the government of Kenya and all stakeholders once it was undertaken. For instance, for the county of Nairobi, the research would help meet their strategic plan on sustainable security. For the government of Kenya, the research would be very important in helping it meet its 2030 vision and, hence, provide security to its citizens. The findings were that monetary reward strategies had a significant positive effect on the delivery of services by the NPS in Nairobi County. Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected (t=3.427, p<0.05). The NPS should prioritize the adoption of financial changes that will improve service performance. There should be focus on the needs and desires of police officers, create individualized efforts, and create positive relationships between senior officers and their subordinates. Officers should have access to higher salaries, savings co-ops, and enhanced allowances, and be inspired by honoring the best-performing officers.
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Mwaura, Dorothy Wanjiku, Ruthie C. Rono, and Josephine N. Musau. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIALIZATION AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS GERIATRIC CARE AMONG CLINICAL OFFICERS IN NAIROBI CITY COUNTY HEALTH CENTERS, KENYA." International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling 8, no. 51 (September 15, 2023): 206–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijepc.851014.
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The rapid growth of the elderly population in Africa poses significant healthcare challenges due to scarcity of geriatric care workers The scarcity can be partially attributed to the attitude towards elderly care. This current study was conducted in Nairobi, Kenya to investigate the attitude of clinical officers towards geriatric care and explore the relationship between their attitude and their socialization. Using a cross-sectional research design, the study involved 302 clinical officers working in 99 health centres across Nairobi City County. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and subjected to descriptive statistical analysis and the chi-square test. The findings indicated that 58% of the respondents held a positive attitude towards elderly patients, while 42% displayed a negative attitude. Notably, socialization was found to be significantly associated with attitude towards geriatric care c2(1) =10.204, p<.05. The study's results underscore the crucial role of socialization in shaping and influencing the attitude of clinical officers towards geriatric care in Nairobi's healthcare facilities. By leveraging on clinical officers as socialisation agents, healthcare systems can strive to provide better care for the expanding pool of geriatric caregivers in the country.
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Chachah, Marianne Wanjiru, Jane Munga, and Evangeline Gichunge. "Influence of Community Policing Strategy on Service Delivery in National Police Service in Nairobi County, Kenya." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VIII, no. VI (2024): 1026–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.806078.
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The research examined the influence of Community Policing (CP) on service delivery in the National Police Service (NPS) in Nairobi County. The research was supported by stakeholder theory. The study adopted a quantitative research design with the target population being fourteen (14) police stations in Nairobi County having a total number of 3000 police officers attached to them. The sample size was 143 police officers. Stratified random sampling was adopted to pick the unit of observation. Data was sourced using structured questionnaires and analysed based on the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The regression model showed that the influence of CP on service delivery in NPS in Nairobi County was positive and significant (β1= .593, t= 10.13, p=.000<.05). The study concluded that CP strategy had a major influence on service delivery in NPS in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study suggests that the inspector General of NPS to ensure that all police stations in Nairobi County and Kenya as a whole have service charters legible to members of the public to ensure that police service is held accountable as regards service delivery. Further, the police service ought to train its workforce on community policing as a philosophy and a strategy for enhancing service delivery.
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Ontiri, Motieri Stanely, and Prof David Minja. "INDIRECT INDIVIDUAL BASED PARTICIPATION AND SERVICE DELIVERY IN NAIROBI CITY WATER AND SEWERAGE COMPANY, NAIROBI CITY COUNTY, KENYA." American Journal of Leadership and Governance 4, no. 1 (November 21, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ajlg.430.
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Purpose: The main purpose of the research was to examine the effect of indirect individual based participation on service delivery in Nairobi city water and sewerage company, Nairobi City County,Methodology: The research was premised on a descriptive research design with convenient random sampling being utilized. The study relied on both primary and secondary data. The study utilized a questionnaire to collect primary data. Secondary data was obtained from periodicals, journals and other relevant materials available in the internet as well as from the physical library. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Findings: The study concludes that the management should seek to enhance the adoption of both indirect participation elements such as work unions and collective bargaining agreements as tool of supporting better service delivery.Unique Contribution to Theory and Practice: The study helps in enhancing the available empirical knowledge on how the effect of indirect individual based participation on service delivery in Nairobi city water and sewerage company, Nairobi City County, Kenya.
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Bess, Claudia, Lawrence Gumbe, Michael Okoth, and G. Otieno. "EXAMINING OPTIONS FOR MITIGATING MICROPLASTIC POLLUTION IN THE NAIROBI RIVER BASIN, KENYA." Journal of Engineering in Agriculture and the Environment 9, no. 2 (September 18, 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37017/jeae-volume9-no2.2023-2.
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Microplastic pollution, along with climate change and global warming are environmental challenges that affect ecosystems and human ability to conserve biological diversity in the near to medium-term future. Nairobi, Kenya’s capital city, is drained by the Nairobi River Basin (NRB) - an important ecosystem given its natural resource and socio-economic values to the residents. With over 55% of the Nairobi population living in informal settlements predominantly along the riverbanks, and almost no waste management system in place in these communities, it is estimated that 67 tonnes of waste primary plastic, which will invariably disintegrate into microplastics, pollutes the river daily. To address microplastic pollution, a proactive approach of managing waste is examined. A summary of the plastic waste management efforts in Nairobi to date is presented. The main aim is to highlight the shortcomings in current plastic waste management practices and to identify the research needs to inform future guidelines aimed at reducing the negative impacts of microplastic pollution on the NRB ecosystem.
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Chachah, Marianne Wanjiru, Jane Munga, and Evangeline Gichunge. "Influence of Corporate Branding Strategy on Service Delivery in National Police Service in Nairobi County." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VIII, no. VI (2024): 2369–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.806179.
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The research examined the influence of corporate branding strategy on service delivery in the National Police Service in Nairobi County. The research was supported by Aarkers Brand Equity Theory. The study adopted a quantitative research design with the target population being fourteen (14) police stations in Nairobi County having a total number of 3000 police officers attached to them. The sample size was 143 police officers. Stratified random sampling was adopted to pick the unit of observation. Data was sourced using structured questionnaires and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The regression model showed that the influence of CP on service delivery in NPS in Nairobi County was positive and significant (β1= .598, t= 8.52, p=.000<.05). The study concluded that corporate branding strategy had a major influence on service delivery in NPS in Nairobi County, Kenya. to continue implementing branding activities at the NPS to improve its image.
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Decker, Michele R., Shannon N. Wood, Meagan E. Byrne, Nathalie Yao-N’dry, Mary Thiongo, Peter Gichangi, Funmilola M. OlaOlorun, et al. "Gendered power dynamics and threats to sexual and reproductive autonomy among adolescent girls and young adult women: A cross-sectional survey in three urban settings." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (November 29, 2021): e0257009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257009.
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Background Gendered economic and social systems can enable relational power disparities for adolescent girls and young women (AGYW), and undercut autonomy to negotiate sex and contraceptive use. Less is known about their accumulation and interplay. This study characterizes relationship power imbalances (age disparity, intimate partner violence [IPV], partner-related fear, transactional sex, and transactional partnerships), and evaluates associations with modern contraceptive use, and sexual/reproductive autonomy threats (condom removal/“stealthing”, reproductive coercion, ability to refuse sex, and contraceptive confidence). Methods Cross-sectional surveys were conducted with unmarried, currently-partnered AGYW aged 15–24 recruited via respondent-driven sampling in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire (n = 555; 2018–19), Nairobi, Kenya (n = 332; 2019), and Lagos, Nigeria (n = 179; 2020). Descriptive statistics, Venn diagrams, and multivariate regression models characterized relationship power imbalances, and associations with reproductive autonomy threats and contraceptive use. Findings Relationship power imbalances were complex and concurrent. In current partnerships, partner-related fears were common (50.4%Nairobi; 54.5%Abidjan; 55.7%Lagos) and physical IPV varied (14.5%Nairobi; 22.1%Abidjan; 9.6%Lagos). IPV was associated with reproductive coercion in Nairobi and Abidjan. Age disparate relationships undermined confidence in contraception in Nairobi. In Nairobi and Lagos, transactional sex outside the relationship was associated with condom stealthing. Interpretation AGYW face simultaneous gendered power differentials, against the backdrop of gendered social and economic systems. Power imbalances were linked with coercive sexual/reproductive health experiences which are often underrecognized yet represent a potent link between gendered social systems and poor health. Pregnancy prevention efforts for AGYW must address reproductive autonomy threats, and the relational power imbalances and broader gendered systems that enable them.
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Gacheru, Patrick, George Abong, Michael Okoth, Peter Lamuka, Solomon Shibairo, and Christine Katama. "Cyanogenic Content, Aflatoxin Level and Quality of Dried Cassava Chips and Flour Sold in Nairobi and Coastal Regions of Kenya." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 3, no. 3 (November 3, 2015): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.3.3.03.
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Cassava is a staple food for approximately 800 million people in the world. However, it poses food safety risks to the consumers due to naturally occurring cyanogenic glucosides. Thirty six samples of cassava products from Nairobi and Mombasa markets were evaluated for hydrogen cyanide (HCN), aflatoxin, moisture content, and colour. The HCN content was in the range 27.20-42.92 mg/kg and 21.45-37.77 mg/kg in cassava chips; 21.53-64.63 mg/kg and 21.70-70.03 mg/kg in flour from Nairobi and Mombasa respectively. The HCN was significantly different (p≤0.05) among samples in both the dried cassava chips and cassava flour. Aflatoxin levels detected in two flour samples from Nairobi were 6.60 and 8.89 µg/kg respectively, and one sample from Mombasa; 2.84 µg/kg. Moisture content was in the range of 8.62-9.98% and 8.85-11.57% in cassava chips; 8.50- 12.51% and 7.30-11.0% in cassava flour samples from Nairobi and Mombasa, respectively. The L* values were in the range of 83.9-92.0 and 69.0-81.7 and the colour difference from the standard white paper (ΔE*) were in the range of 14.5-22.7 and 25.6-37.1 in cassava chips samples from Nairobi and Mombasa markets respectively indicating dried cassava chips sold in the markets were less white. The L* values for cassava flour was in the range of 95.3-100.0 and 94.7-100.0 with ΔE* of 4.6-9.6 and 0.9-11.5 for Nairobi and Mombasa markets respectively indicating very white flours were sold in the market. These results show that the flour in the market may be of good aesthetic quality but unsafe for consumption. Effect of processing on safety could be evaluated.
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Ngari, FW, RN Wanjau, EN Njagi, and NK Gikonyo. "Herbal Materials Used in Management of Oral Conditions in Nairobi, Kenya." Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry 8, no. 1 (January 2014): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/johcd-8-1-36.
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ABSTRACT Aim This study was carried out to document the medicinal plants used in management of oral health and diseases by traditional medical practitioners in Nairobi County, Kenya. Methods An ethnomedicinal survey was conducted using a standard questionnaire and informal discussion to collect information from traditional medical practitioners, traders and vendors of medicinal plants used in oral care practice. Results This study identified 35 species from 24 families, commonly used by the traditional medical practitioners in Nairobi to manage oral health and diseases in Nairobi County. Conclusion There are various plants that are used by traditional medical practitioners to manage oral diseases either singly or in combination.