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1
Volschenk, Jacolien. "Haunting temporalities: Creolisation and black women's subjectivities in the diasporic science fiction of Nalo Hopkinson." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5575.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThis study examines temporal entanglement in three novels by Jamaican-born author Nalo Hopkinson. The novels are: Brown Girl in the Ring (1998), Midnight Robber (2000), and The Salt Roads (2004). The study pays particular attention to Hopkinson's use of narrative temporalities, which are shape by creolisation. I argue that Hopkinson creatively theorises black women's subjectivities in relation to (post) colonial politics of domination. Specifically, creolised temporalities are presented as a response to predatory Western modernity. Her innovative diasporic science fiction displays common preoccupations associated with Caribbean women writers, such as belonging and exile, and the continued violence enacted by the legacy of colonialism and slavery. A central emphasis of the study is an analysis of how Hopkinson not only employs a past gaze, as the majority of both Caribbean and postcolonial writing does to recover the subaltern subject, but also how she uses the future to reclaim and reconstruct a sense of selfhood and agency, specifically with regards to black women. Linked to the future is her engagement with notions of technological and social betterment and progress as exemplified by her emphasis on the use of technology as a tool of empire. By writing science fiction, Hopkinson is able to delve into the nebulous nexus of technology, empire, slavery, capitalism and modernity. And, by employing a temporality shaped by creolisation, she is able to collapse discrete historical time-frames, tracing obscured connections between the nodes of this nexus from its beginnings on the plantation, the birthplace of creolisation and, as some have argued, of modernity itself.
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Hildebrand, Laura A. ""Speculated Communities": The Contemporary Canadian Speculative Fictions of Margaret Atwood, Nalo Hopkinson, and Larissa Lai." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20503.
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Speculative fiction is a genre that is gaining urgency in the contemporary Canadian literary scene as authors and readers become increasingly concerned with what it means to live in a nation implicated in globalization. This genre is useful because with it, authors can extrapolate from the present to explore what some of the long-term effects of globalization might be. This thesis specifically considers the long-term effects of globalization on communities, a theme that speculative fictions return to frequently. The selected speculative fictions engage with current theory on globalization and community in their explorations of how globalization might affect the types of communities that can be enacted. This thesis argues that these texts demonstrate how Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri’s notion of “cooperative autonomy” can be uniquely cultivated in the conditions of globalization – despite the fact that those conditions are characterized by the fragmentation of traditional forms of community (Empire 392).
3
Dickeson, Maxwell Andrew. "Feminist science fiction's prophetic metaphors : the destabilization of gender and race in Nalo Hopkinson's Midnight Robber and Susan Palwick's Shelter." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50317.
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In this thesis, I argue that science fiction's ability to reflect upon the moment in which it
is written by exploring an imagined future or alternate reality allows it to problematize and
destabilize restrictive understandings of social norms such as race and gender. While science
fiction's reputation as a "literature of ideas" often masks a tendency for texts in this field to fall back on oppressive norms in their portrayals of gender and race, an emergent, growing body of
work within this field is specifically feminist and-or anti-racist. Much of this progressive science fiction (or "sf") imagines worlds in which existing repressive norms are overturned or vastly
different. However, the two novels I read closely in this thesis, Midnight Robber by Nalo
Hopkinson (2000) and Shelter by Susan Palwick (2007), envision futures in which the norms of
race and gender that persist in the early twenty-first century have shifted, but remain fundamentally unchanged. Rooting my understandings of gender and race as artificial cultural
constructions in the work of scholars Judith Butler and K. Anthony Appiah, I contend that, in
imagining societies in which restrictive social norms are re-enacted, these texts critique such
norms by highlighting the harm that can result from allowing ingrained assumptions regarding social categories such as gender and race to stagnate. Further, I argue that these two novels offer alternate visions of gender and race that destabilize these concepts through their deployments of science-fictional signifiers of otherness, specifically intelligent machines and aliens. Both novels portray these science-fictional beings as living race and gender in ways profoundly unlike the humans who encounter them, forcing each text's human protagonist to re-evaluate the roles gender and race play in establishing what Butler calls a culturally intelligible identity. My reading of sf texts as both extrapolating from their moments and employing sf tropes as metaphors of difference also insists on the importance of viewing these two approaches to sf, the extrapolative and the metaphorical, as implicated within one another, rather than treating them as separate reading and writing strategies as has prevailed in much sf scholarship to date.Creative and Critical Studies, Faculty of (Okanagan)
Graduate
4
Hulan, Michelle. "“We Require Regeneration Not Rebirth”: Cyborg Regeneration in Feminist Science and Speculative Fiction." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39081.
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This thesis examines a recent trend in contemporary science and speculative fiction to produce new and/or alternative iterations of reproduction that are not limited by biology, gender, or species. Through Donna Haraway’s notion of “cyborg regeneration” and recent critical and theoretical revisionings of this concept, I investigate this trend in three key texts: Jeanette Winterson’s The Stone Gods, Nalo Hopkinson’s Midnight Robber, and Larissa Lai’s long poem “rachel” from her book of poetry Automaton Biographies. Each of these authors offers representations of reproduction that counter gender stereotypes and essentialism and produce new cyborg maternal or explicitly non-maternal figures unbound to patriarchal models of repronormativity and colonialist constructions of the mother. By portraying these nonunitary maternal figures and/or non-reproductive bodies, I argue that these sf texts present new forms of procreation that further feminist conversations about gender, the body, the limits of the human, future populations, and desire.
5
Jung, Mi-Hee. "Solubility studies on the NaAlO₂-NaNO₃-H₂O system." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2005. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/ETD-browse/browse.
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Jones, Esther. "Traveling discourses: subjectivity, space and spirituality in black women’s speculative fictions in the Americas." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1155665383.
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Petit, Luc. "Etude de la corrosion d'alliages de fer et de nickel par les mélanges NaSO,NaCO,NaCl et NaCO,NaS,NaSO,NaCl entre 300 °C et 900 ° application aux chaudières de récupération (procédé KRAFT) /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37619457t.
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Wells, Kimberly Ann. "Screaming, flying, and laughing: magical feminism's witches in contemporary film, television, and novels." Texas A&M University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/6007.
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This project argues that there is a previously unnamed canon of literature called
Magical Feminism which exists across many current popular (even lowbrow) genres
such as science-fiction, fantasy, so-called realistic literature, and contemporary
television and film. I define Magical Feminism as a genre quite similar to Magical
Realism, but assert that its main political thrust is to model a feminist agency for its
readers. To define this genre, I closely-read the image of the female magic user as one
of the most important Magical Feminist metaphors. I argue that the female magic
userâÂÂcommonly called the witch, but also labeled priestess, mistress, shaman, mambo,
healer, midwifeâ is a metaphor for female unruliness and disruption to patriarchy and
as such, is usually portrayed as evil and deserving of punishment. I assert that many
(although not all) of the popular texts this genre includes are overlooked or ignored by
the academy, and thus, that an important focus for contemporary feminism is missed.
When the texts are noticed by parts of the academy, they are mostly considered popular
culture novelty acts, not serious political genres. As part of my argument, I analyze third wave feminismâÂÂs attempt to reconcile traits previously considered less than
feminist, such as the domestic. I also deconstruct the popular mediaâÂÂs negative
portrayal of contemporary feminism and the resulting reluctance for many young
women to identify themselves as feminist. I also argue that this reluctance goes hand in
hand with a growing attempt to seek new models for empowering female
epistemologies. My assertion is that these texts are the classrooms where many readers
learn their feminism. Finally, I list a short bibliography as a way of defining canon of
texts that should be considered Magical Feminist.
9
Euhus, Daniel D. "Nucleation in bulk solutions and crystal growth on heat-transfer surfaces during evaporative crystallization of salts composed of NaCO and NaSO." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5401.
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Jones, Esther L. "Traveling discourses subjectivity, space and spirituality in black women's speculative fictions in the Americas /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1155665383.
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Danišová, Katarína. "Státy Visegrádské skupiny v rámci NATO." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75624.
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The aim of this theses was to analyze the Visegrad group's cooperation towards the membership in NATO. The thesis is divided into five parts. The first part focuses on the NATO's chagnes it has been through since the end of the Cold War. Second chapter is describing the three major historical events which influenced the region of V4 countries for many decades. Third part is analazing the origin of the decision to enlarge NATO after the end of the Cold War. The fourth chapter is focusing on the security cooperation of NATO and EU and the final part's aim was to evaluate the cooperation of V4 countries on their way to NATO.
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Stehr, Joachim. "Nano-Heizplatten." Diss., lmu, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-124531.
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Garrett, Natalie. "Nano-biophotonics." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/119846.
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Photonic techniques are the methods of choice for probing biological systems, as they are non-invasive, non-ionising, inexpensive, and are ubiquitous. When applied to the treatment and prevention of disease and for pathology in general, biophotonics offers a means to bridge the gap between understanding of molecular structures and their role in physiological functions. There is a wide range of such techniques used in imaging, assaying, bio-sensing, optical diagnosis, each of which has limitations as well as benefits. The experiments outlined in this thesis use nanotechnology to overcome the limitations of resolution, contrast and chemical specificity with photonic techniques in biology. The experimental work outlined in this thesis is divided over three chapters, the first of which is concerned with nanostructured metallic surfaces for use in surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for protein assay applications. This chapter gives details of the methods used to produce and characterise SERS substrates using gold and silver thermally evaporated onto butterfly wing sections, together with the protocols developed for manufacturing biomimetic analogues of these naturally occurring nanostructures. The conjugation system designed to modify the metal surfaces for use in an avidin/biotin model protein binding assay is described, together with an account of the efficacy of the final assay. The results obtained show that such naturally occurring nanostructures, and their biomimetic analogues, are suitable for use as SERS substrates for wet protein binding assays. This work represents a major advance in the field of SERS assay. The experimental chapters describe experiments that use coherent Raman scattering (CRS) methods to probe the interactions between nanoparticles and live cell cultures, as well as provide chemically selective images of tissue samples.
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Ivry, Yachin. "Nano ferroelectrics." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609375.
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Fernandini, Vargas Gino Roberto, Quiñonez Christian Fronda, Rojas Marilú Lévano, and Samanez José Alonso Taco. "Nano Shield." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624151.
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Importación de productos Nano X del país de México y en su posterior distribución en el territorio peruano. Los temas abordados están organizados de manera secuencial en capítulos que cubren los siguientes temas: Aspectos generales del negocio, planeamiento estratégico, investigación y validación del mercado, plan de marketing, plan de operaciones, estructura organizacional y de recursos humanos y finalmente el plan económico financiero. Los productos Nano X son recubrimientos nano-tecnológicos para vehículos, los cuales ofrecen protección hasta por un año contra el polvo, la lluvia, el sol, etc. En el caso de los interiores también ofrecen protección contra derrames de líquidos. Los ingresos provienen de la venta directa de los productos. Para ello, nos centraremos en empresas importadoras de vehículos, almacenes logísticos especializados y demás empresas que cuenten con flotas de vehículos como es el caso de empresas de transporte, organismos gubernamentales, empresas contratistas, entre otras.Import of Nano X products from the country of Mexico and its subsequent distribution in the Peruvian territory. The topics addressed are sequentially organized into chapters that cover the following topics: General aspects of the business, strategic planning, research and market validation, marketing plan, operations plan, organizational structure and human resources and finally the financial economic plan. Nano X products are nano-technological coatings for vehicles, which offer protection for up to 1 year against dust, rain, sun, etc. In the case of interiors, they also offer protection against liquid spills. The income comes from the direct sale of the products. For this, we will focus on vehicle import companies, specialized logistics warehouses and other companies that have vehicle fleets such as transport companies, government agencies, contractors, among others.
Trabajo de investigación
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Klanten, Selma Oya. "Molecular phylogeny, temporal patterns of lineage diversification and phylogeography of the surgeonfish genus Naso (Acanthuridae) /." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/82/.
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Overhaus, Marco. "Die deutsche NATO-Politik : vom Ende des Kalten Krieges bis zum Kampf gegen den Terrorismus /." Baden-Baden : Nomos-Verl.-Ges, 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9783832941413.
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Hocke, Erich, der Planitz Dietrich von, and Ernst Woit. "NATO und NATO-Osterweiterung: Pro und contra in Beiträgen." Dresdener Studiengemeinschaft Sicherheitspolitik e.V, 1996. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A70687.
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Kontroverse Debatte zur Ost-Erweiterung der NATO in der Mitte der 1990er Jahren.:- Erich Hocke: Osterweiterung der NATO - Weg zu einem europäischen Sicherheitssystem?
- Dietrich von der Planitz: Die neue NATO. - Entwicklung der Allianz seit 1990. Tendenzen für die nahe Zukunft.
- Ernst Woit: Osterweiterung der NATO. Interessen, Ziele, Konsequenzen.
- Erich Hocke: Modell Matrjoschka-Puppe. Eine Nachbetrachtung zur Berliner NATO-Tagung. (Aus Wochenzeitung 'Freitag')
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Nordin, Ingrid. "Sverige & Nato : En studie av svenska Nato-samarbeten." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-79883.
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The aim of this essay was to examine what problems, causes and solutions three Swedish governments identified concerning three decisions of cooperation with NATO, and to understand these decisions with constructivism and hard and soft power as theoretical perspectives. The first was the decision to join Partnership for Peace in 1994. The second decision was to join the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council in 1997. The third decision was to join a host nation support with NATO in 2016. The analysis showed that problems regarding PfP was an unpredictable security situation, caused by the fall of the Soviet Union. This gave rise to new conflicts, e.g. the conflict in Yugoslavia. Russia was identified as a problem also regarding the EAPC, caused by a Russian superpower identity. Problems identified before joining the HNS was that Russia was aggressive and annexed the Ukrainian peninsula Crimea in 2014. This was caused by the Russian leadership prioritizing the defence sector. The identified problems and causes can be understood with the theory of hard power, since the Russian hard power resources are wielded both within and outside of Russia. Constructivism is useful to understand what solutions the governments proposed, since they often express an ambition to build a common identity, while keeping the Swedish identity as non-aligned. Also, soft power resources made the alliance more attractive for the Swedish governments.
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Bauer-Savage, Timo. "Die völkerrechtliche Verwandlung der NATO aus Sicht der US Constitution und des deutschen Grundgesetzes /." Frankfurt am Main ; Berlin ; Bern ; Wien [u.a.] : Lang, 2005. http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz115329668vlg.htm.
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Besong, Jane. "Molecular insights into a putative potyvirus RNA encapsidation pathway and potyvirus particles as enzyme nano-carriers." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0078/document.
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La présente étude avait pour but d'identifier de nouvelles stratégies pour la présentation sélective d'enzymes à la surface de nanoparticules virales dans le but d’une application potentielle dans la technologie des biocapteurs ou des puces à protéines. Les potyvirus ont été choisis comme nanosupports modèles. Les Potyvirus, le genre le plus large de la famille des Potyviridae, la seconde plus grande famille de virus de plante, sont responsables de très graves pertes dans les cultures. Ils forment des capsides flexibles en forme de bâtonnet entourant une seule molécule d'ARN positif simple brin. Les événements moléculaires conduisant à la sélection et à l'encapsidation spécifiques de l'ARN potyviral sont inconnus. Afin de mieux exploiter le potentiel de ces virus comme nanosupports, la première étape de ce travail a porté sur l’étude, in vivo, du processus d'encapsidation de l'ARN de particules de potyvirus. Des études précédentes ont montré que la protéine d'enveloppe (CP) du virus de la pomme de terre A (PVA) interfère avec la traduction de l'ARN viral lorsqu'elle est fournie en excès en trans suggérant que cela pourrait se produire pour initier l’encapsidation de l’ARN viral. Dans cette étude, nous avons montré que cette inhibition est médiée par des interactions CP-CP co-traductionnelles se produisant entre deux populations de CP, produites en trans et en cis et permettant très probablement le recrutement spécifique de l'ARN potyviral pour son encapsidation. En accord avec les études d'assemblage in vitro publiées précédemment nous proposons un mécanisme selon lequel l’encapsidation de l'ARN viral est initiée par des interactions CP-CP co-traductionnelles. Dans la deuxième partie de ce travail, différentes approches ont été testées afin d’organiser des enzymes sur les plateformes virales dans le but d’optimiser la canalisation des intermédiaires réactionnels. Parmi les trois stratégies testées seule celle utilisant un peptide qui se liant aux anticorps, le peptide z33 de la protéine A de Staphylococcus aureus a été couronnée de succès. Une couverture de 87 % des sites sur les particules de potyvirus avec l'enzyme a été obtenue. Cette stratégie a été utilisée pour piéger deux enzymes, la 4-coumarate: coenzyme A ligase (4Cl2) et stilbène synthase (STS), catalysant des étapes consécutives dans la voie de synthèse de resvératrol à partir de lysats cellulaires solubles d’E. coli clarifiés, à la surface de particules de potyvirus immobilisées sur les parois d'un tube en polypropylène. Cette stratégie rassemble les approches ascendante et descendante pour construire des nanomatériaux à base de virus et offre un moyen efficace et économique pour co-immobiliser et purifier des enzymesThe present study intended to identify new strategies for the selective presentation of biocatalysts on the surface of viral nanoparticles with potential application in biosensor technology or protein chips. Potyviruses were chosen as model nanoscaffolds for biocatalysts. Potyviruses are the largest genus in the family Potyviridae and cause significant plant damage. They form flexible rod-shaped capsids surrounding a single stranded positive sense RNA molecule. The molecular events leading to the specific selection and encapsidation of potyviral RNA are unknown. To better exploit the potential of these viruses as nanocarriers, the first step in this study was to look into their in vivo RNA encapsidation process. Earlier studies showed that Potato virus A (PVA) coat protein (CP) interferes with viral RNA translation when provided in excess in trans and it was suggested this could occur to initiate viral RNA encapsidation. In this follow up study, we used the agroinfiltration approach for the transient expression of full length, truncated or mutated viral RNAs with wild type CP (CPwt) and showed that this inhibition is mediated by co-translational CPCP interactions occurring between two CP populations, produced in trans and in cis. Because CP inhibited translation of the entire viral genome and virus particles were formed later than during normal infection, it was assumed that the CP acted during this inhibition process to specifically recruit viral RNA for encapsidation. In line with previously published in vitro assembly studies, we propose a mechanism through which viral RNA encapsidation is initiated through co-translational CP-CP interactions. The second part of this work entailed the investigation of novel approaches for organizing biocatalysts on virus platforms. The aim was to control the display of enzymes on virus surfaces while maximizing channelling of reaction intermediates. Three strategies were tested but only one involving an antibody binding peptide, the z33 peptide from Staphylococcus aureus was successful. An 87 % occupancy of accessible sites on the potyvirus particles by the enzyme was achieved. The same strategy was used to graft potyvirus particles with two enzymes: 4- coumarate:coenzyme A ligase (4CL2) and stilbene synthase (STS), catalysing consecutive steps in resveratrol synthetic pathway or a protein chimera, generated by the genetic fusion of both enzymes. This was achieved by trapping either the monoenzymes or the protein chimera from clarified soluble E. coli cell lysates on to the surface of potyvirus particles preimmobilized in a polypropylene tube. Resveratrol was synthesized from both mono-enzymes and the protein chimera in solution and on potyvirus particles. This strategy brings together a bottom-up and top down approach for designing virus based nano-materials and offers a cost effective and efficient way to co-immobilize and purify enzymes
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Orhan, Tugba. "Nano Structural Metal Nano Composites: Synthesis, Structural And Thermal Characterization." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610799/index.pdf.
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Recently, the use of block copolymers in preparation of nanocomposites has received great attention as they form well-defined micelles. In this work, the synthesis of different metal functional copolymers, nano structural metal composites and investigation of their reaction mechanism and thermal characteristics by pyrolysis mass spectroscopy have been aimed. Namely, polyisoprene-block-poly2vinylpyridine, (PI-b-P2VP) and poly2vinylpyridine-block-polymetylmethacrylate, (PMMA-b-P2VP) were used as block copolymers and the thermal reaction of these copolymers with two different transition metal complexes Cr(CO)6 and HAuCl4.3H2O were investigated which mostly lead to the coordination of metal through nitrogen atom of the pyridine ring which then degrates to form nano particles. The samples were further characterized by TEM, ATR-FT-IR, UV-Vis and Direct-Pyrolysis Mass Spectroscopy techniques.
TEM images proved the formation of nanoparticles and the results showed that synthesized Au nanoparticles have 2 to 3 fold larger size than Cr nanoparticles. ATR-FT-IR spectrum of metal functional copolymers showed that the disappearance of characteristic peaks of pyridine stretching and bending mode when metal coordinates to the pyridine nitrogen. Furthermore, the spectrum indicated the appearance of a new absorption peak at around 740 cm-1 which may be a clue for the coordination of gold(III) ion to the pyridine nitrogen. Different from chromium case, in the spectrum of Au3+-(PMMA-b-P2VP), CO stretching frequency of PMMA which may appear at around 1720&ndash1718 cm-1 decreased in intensity while a new absorption peak appeared at around 1600 cm-1. This results reveals that electron deficient gold (III) ion prefers the coordination from both donor atoms namely carbonyl oxygen PMMA and pyridine nitrogen of P2VP in order to compensate its electron deficiency. In the UV-Vis spectrum of copolymers, Cr-functional copolymers showed a sharp absorption peak appeared at around 290 nm is attributed to a MLCT transition from chromium atom to * orbital of pyridine group. Furthermore, Au-functional copolymers showed a completely new absorption band at around 320 nm which can be associated again with a LMCT transition since gold is electron deficient and more willing to accept electrons from the ligand. Pyrolysis mass spectrometry analysis showed that poly2vinylpyridine blocks for each copolymers were affected similarly but polyisoprene block was not affected much from the coordination of metal compared to poly(methyl methacrylate) block in copolymers. For (PI-b-P2VP), Au3+ coordination to copolymer resulted in the higher thermal stability compared to Cr coordination. For (PMMA-b-P2VP), different from Cr, Au3+ coordination to P2VP nitrogen atom was extensive and PMMA based products changed drastically due to the coordination of electron deficient Au3+ to PMMA carbonyl group.
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Gordon, Joshua Ari. "Coated Nano-particles for Optical Metamaterials and Nano-photonic Applications." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195907.
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The optical properties of a concentric nanometer-sized spherical shell comprised of an (active) 3-level gain medium core and a surrounding plasmonic metal shell are investigated. Current research in optical metamaterials has demonstrated that including lossless plasmonic materials to achieve a negative permittivity in a nano-sized coated spherical particle can lead to novel optical properties such as resonant scattering as well as transparency or invisibility. However, in practice, plasmonic materials have high losses at optical frequencies. It will be demonstrated that a properly designed passive optical spherical core impregnated with a gain medium and coated with a concentric spherical plasmonic nano-shell will have a "super resonant" (SR) lasing state. The operating characteristics of this coated nano-particle (CNP) laser have been obtained numerically for a variety of configurations and will be reported here. Once the optical properties of the isolated active CNP inclusion are established, several examples of optical metamaterials using them as inclusions will be presented and analyzed. In particular, the effective material properties of these optical MTMs will be explored using effective medium theories that are applicable to a variety of inclusion configurations. Two-dimensional (2D) mono-layers of these active CNPs, which form metafilms; three-dimensional (3D) periodic arrays of these active CNPs; and 3D random distributions of these active CNPs will be described. The effective permittivities and refractive indexes of these optical MTMs will be compared and contrasted to those of their active CNP inclusions. In addition to the active MTMs, some examples of nano-photonic applications enabled by the unique properties of these inclusions will also be presented. Specifically metamaterial pigments derived from exploiting the high absorption and low scattering properties of the passive CNP particle will be explored for possible use in color display technology as well as the use of the SR lasing state and localized plasmon resonance of the active CNP for nano-sensing applications.
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Samouhos, Stephen V. (Stephen Vincent) 1982. "Nano-materials for novel magneto-rheological liquids and nano-fluids." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40889.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (p. 56-60).
Introduction: Nanotechnology, in its many forms, has evolved as a forefront of the global scientific and technological frontier. Materials once disregarded as very small dust or particulate impurities twenty years ago, are today, the focus of intensely popularized investigation. New materials have been synthesized via nanometer precision engineering, and their resulting properties continue to defy the thermal, electrical, and mechanical limitations of conventional materials [1]. Even liquid suspensions of nano-particles yield tremendous enhancements in thermal and transport rates that still remain unexplained. Analogously, forty years ago the machining and synthesis of object features with nanometer dimensions and accuracy was a mere scientific interest. Today, that capability forms the core technical competency of the leading manufacturers of micro-processor electronics. The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to the field of nanotechnology through the synthesis of a novel nano-material, and to examine its utility in areas such as directed self-assembly and nanofluid enhanced mass transport.
by Stephen V. Samouhos.
S.M.
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Moïse, Myriam. "African Caribbean Women Writers in Canada and the USA : can the Diaspora Speak?" Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030086.
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Cette thèse étudie les spécificités du discours produit par les femmes écrivains de la diaspora afro-caribéenne au Canada et aux Etats-Unis, notamment chez Edwidge Danticat, Nalo Hopkinson, Jamaica Kincaid, Paule Marshall, M. NourbeSe Philip, et Olive Senior. La position ambivalente de ces auteures qui sont culturellement dedans et dehors influence leurs écrits, en prose comme en poésie, dans lesquels elles revendiquent leurs histoires, leurs corps et leurs langues. La discussion s’attache à observer les opérations discursives en démontrant que les auteures étudiées articulent de nouvelles formes de subjectivité et prouvent que la formation des identités culturelles ne dépend pas d’un territoire stable, mais plutôt d’un espace culturel mobile, voire volatile. D’une part, ces femmes réécrivent le passé dans un discours qui déstabilise les versions hégémoniques de l’histoire et d’autre part, elles cherchent à représenter leurs corps en dépassant leur dimension matérielle et choisissent d’embrasser leur schizophrénie culturelle. Leurs projets brisent le silence et libèrent les subjectivités incontrôlées à travers la création de polyphonies incarnées, de multiples contre discours et d’énoncés non-conformistes. Les constructions discursives de leur moi ne pouvant en effet se manifester qu’à l’extérieur des terminologies canoniques, ces auteures s’inscrivent dans une démarche de résistance au discours unique et privilégient a fortiori une rhétorique hétéroglossique. En somme, cette analyse comparative est innovante en ce qu’elle démontre que mémoires, langues et identités diasporiques sont intimement liées, et qu’au delà de leurs démarches respectives et des stratégies discursives qui leur sont propres, ces auteures sont des écrivains du limbo qui, à la manière des danseurs de limbo, transforment l’instabilité en une expérience de recréation artistique. Elles placent leurs représentations au coeur d’une dynamique empreinte de mouvement, de fluidité, de pluralité et d’hybridité, et prouvent clairement que la diaspora féminine caribéenne peut faire entendre sa voixThis dissertation examines the specific discourse produced by diasporic African Caribbean women writers in Canada and the USA, namely Edwidge Danticat, Nalo Hopkinson, Jamaica Kincaid, Paule Marshall, M. NourbeSe Philip, and Olive Senior. These authors’ ambivalent positions as both cultural insiders and outsiders are conveyed through their prose and poetry, in which they reclaim their histories, bodies and tongues. The thesis highlights discourse operations in demonstrating that the selected authors articulate new forms of subjectivity, hence proving that cultural identities do not depend on static territories but rather on mobile and even volatile cultural spaces. Besides reconstructing the past through a discourse that truly unsettles hegemonic versions of history, African Caribbean diasporic women writers represent their bodies beyond materiality and choose to embrace their cultural schizophrenia. Their projects consist in un-silencing the unruly selves through the creation of embodied polyphonies, multiple counter-voices and anti-conformist utterances. The discursive constructions of the self therefore occur outside of canonical terminology, as these women writers resist single-voiced discourse and favour heteroglossic rhetorics. Ultimately, this comparative literary analysis is innovative as it proves that diasporic memories, tongues and identities are interlinked, and that beyond their respective agendas and personal discursive strategies, these authors are limbo writers who, like limbo dancers, transform instability into a recreative and artistic experience. They inscribe their self-representations into a powerful dialectic of movement, fluidity, plurality and hybridity, and truly demonstrate that the feminine Caribbean diaspora can speak
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Alipour, Skandani Amir. "Computational and Experimental Nano Mechanics." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64869.
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The many advances of nano technology extensively revolutionize mechanics. A tremendous need is growing to further bridge the gap between the classical mechanics and the nano scale for many applications at different engineering fields. For instance, the themes of interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary topics are getting more and more attention especially when the coherency is needed in diagnosing and treating terminal diseases or overcoming environmental threats. The fact that how mechanical, biomedical and electrical engineering can contribute to diagnosing and treating a tumor per se is both interesting and unveiling the necessity of further investments in these fields. This dissertation presents three different investigations in the area of nano mechanics and nano materials spanning from computational bioengineering to making mechanically more versatile composites.
The first part of this dissertation presents a numerical approach to study the effects of the carbon nano tubes (CNTs) on the human body in general and their absorbability into the lipid cell membranes in particular. Single wall carbon nano tubes (SWCNTs) are the elaborate examples of nano materials that departed from mere mechanical applications to the biomedical applications such as drug delivery vehicles. Recently, experimental biology provided detailed insights of the SWCNTs interaction with live organs. However, due to the instrumental and technical limitations, there are still numerous concerns yet to be addressed. In such situation, utilizing numerical simulation is a viable alternative to the experimental practices. From this perspective, this dissertation reports a molecular dynamics (MD) study to provide better insights on the effect of the carbon nano tubes chiralities and aspect ratios on their interaction with a lipid bilayer membrane as well as their reciprocal effects with surface functionalizing. Single walled carbon nano tubes can be utilized to diffuse selectively on the targeted cell via surface functionalizing. Many experimental attempts have smeared polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a biocompatible surfactant to carbon nano tubes. The simulation results indicated that SWCNTs have different time-evolving mechanisms to internalize within the lipid membrane. These mechanisms comprise both penetration and endocytosis. Also, this study revealed effects of length and chirality and surface functionalizing on the penetrability of different nano tubes.
The second part of the dissertation introduces a novel in situ method for qualitative and quantitative measurements of the negative stiffness of a single crystal utilizing nano mechanical characterization; nano indentation. The concept of negative stiffness was first introduced by metastable structures and later by materials with negative stiffness when embedded in a stiffer (positive stiffness) matrix. However, this is the first time a direct quantitative method is developed to measure the exact value of the negative stiffness for triglycine sulfate (TGS) crystals. With the advancements in the precise measuring devices and sensors, instrumented nano indentation became a reliable tool for measuring submicron properties of variety of materials ranging from single phase humongous materials to nano composites with heterogeneous microstructures. The developed approach in this chapter of the dissertation outlines how some modifications of the standard nano indentation tests can be utilized to measure the negative stiffness of a ferroelectric material at its Curie temperature.
Finally, the last two chapters outline the possible improvements in the mechanical properties of conventional carbon fiber composites by introducing 1D nano fillers to them. Particularly, their viscoelastic and viscoplastic behavior are studied extensively and different modeling techniques are utilized. Conventional structural materials are being replaced with the fiber-reinforced plastics (FRPs) in many different applications such as civil structures or aerospace and car industries. This is mainly due to their high strength to weight ratio and relatively easy fabrication methods. However, these composites did not reach their full potential due to durability limitations. The majorities of these limitations stem from the polymeric matrix or the interface between the matrix and fibers where poor adhesion fails to carry the desired mechanical loadings. Among such failures are the time-induced deformations or delayed failures that can cause fatal disasters if not taken care of properly. Many methodologies are offered so far to improve the FRPs' resistance to this category of time-induced deformations and delayed failures. Several researchers tried to modify the chemical formulation of polymers coming up with stiffer and less viscous matrices. Others tried to modify the adhesion of the fibers to the matrix by adding different chemically functional groups onto the fibers' surface. A third approach tried to modify the fiber to matrix adhesion and at the same time improve the viscous properties of the matrix itself. This can be achieved by growing 1D nano fillers on the fibers so that one side is bonded to the fiber and the other side embedded in the matrix enhancing the matrix with less viscous deformability. It is shown that resistance to creep deformation and stress relaxation of laminated composites improved considerably in the presence of the nano fillers such as multiwall carbon nano tubes (MWCNTs) and zinc oxide nano wires (ZnO- NWs). The constitutive behaviors of these hybrid composites were investigated further through the use of the time temperatures superposition (TTS) principle for the linear viscoelastic behavior and utilizing phenomenological models for the viscoplastic behavior.Ph. D.
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Toktogulov, Beishenbek Bektursunovich. "Nato'." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12608982/index.pdf.
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This thesis aims to discuss NATO&rsquos Partnership for Peace (PfP) program in Central Asia in terms of its role in promoting regional security. It focuses on the evolution of the cooperation between NATO and its Central Asian partners within the framework of the NATO&rsquo
s PfP program, as well as the Alliance&rsquo
s vision of security in Central Asia. The thesis argues that although NATO is active in Central Asia with its PfP programs, its engagement with the Central Asian states is mainly motivated by its own global security priorities rather than promoting regional security cooperation in Central Asia. This thesis comprises four main chapters. After the introduction chapter, the second chapter examines regional security challenges in post-Soviet Central Asia. The third chapter discusses the fundamental characteristics of NATO&rsquo
s PfP program and regional security in Central Asia. The fourth chapter examines NATO&rsquo
s PfP programs in individual Central Asian states by examining the priorities of each state in cooperating with the Alliance. The fifth chapter analyses the relevance of NATO&rsquo
s PfP programs for increasing its involvement in Central Asia since 2001 by taking its global and regional security priorities. The concluding chapter discusses the main findings of this thesis.
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Liu, Eric Chun Yeung. "Nano dispersed materials." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488774.
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Steiger, Sebastian. "Modelling Nano-LEDs." Konstanz Hartung-Gorre, 2009. http://d-nb.info/995394202/04.
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Bartlett, Thomas. "Nano-impact voltammetry." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:05ca3e7f-fea4-4d93-9f57-e86a2c397d1f.
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This thesis introduces new concepts to the study of nanoparticles by nano-impact voltammetry. Utilising the special chemistries of metal halide and metal oxide nanoparticles, the use of the nano-impact technique is expanded beyond quantitative sizing towards the study of the in-situ synthesis and detection of nanoparticles, reversible agglomeration behaviour and the fabrication of nanoelectrode arrays. Nano-impact voltammetry is also demonstrated to be an informative tool for the tracking of chemical and photochemical conversion reactions of metal halide nanoparticles and for the mechanistic determination of metallic nanoparticle growth during synthesis. The use of forced convection to gain improvements in the detection limit achievable for the direct-impact of metallic nanoparticles is also reported. Initially, the work reported herein looks at the direct-impact voltammetry of previously unstudied nanomaterials; mercury(I) chloride, silver bromide and bismuth oxide. The first sizing of metal halide nanoparticles is reported as well as a method for synthesising particles through the electrolytic induced implosion of a nanoscale metal halide layer on a liquid electrode. The "upper-limit" of the nano-impact technique is also quantified through the use of silver bromide and silver nanoparticles with diameters approaching 100 nm successfully studied. Next, bismuth oxide nanoparticles are studied by the nano-impact method to probe the reversible agglomeration of particles. By reducing impacting bismuth oxide nanoparticles at the electrode, bismuth deposits are shown to result and can be imaged by scanning electron microscopy. Through the analysis of these deposits, in combination with nanoparticle tracking analysis, experimental evidence for the voltammetrically induced de-agglomeration of nanoparticles is proposed. In the subsequent chapter, nano-impact voltammetry is employed in the study of photochemical reactions. First, the photochemical reduction of silver bromide nanoparticles to silver nanoparticles is followed both by ultra-violet visible spectroscopy and nano-impacts, allowing mechanistic determination of the conversion process. Second, the nano-impact technique is used in combination with ultra-violet visible spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy for the mechanistic determination of the photochemical Ostwald ripening of silver nanoprisms from silver nanoseeds. Finally, the inter-play between nano-impacts and electrode arrays is reported. Through the electrolysis of impacting silver bromide nanoparticles, it is shown that a functional silver nanoelectrode array can be formed. The formed nanoelectrode array is characterised by the electrocatalytic reduction of hydrogen peroxide. The lowest reported detection limit for silver nanoparticles is also reported, through the combination of a random array of microelectrodes and a specially developed, custom built, and characterised wall-jet flow cell.
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Delova, Gabriela. "Understanding NATO Enlargement." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23916.
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NATO as an institution always kept the interest on many theorist and researchers. NATO enlargement as a process has become subject of analysis, especially after the Cold War. This is because, the existence of the NATO Alliance before this period was only seen as a creation balancing the Soviet Threat. With the end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the USSR, NATO transformed itself gradually. Since, the Soviet threat in not present any more, the researchers were and still are analyzing the NATO enlargement in terms what is the current threat that makes these countries willing to become part of NATO, and what is NATO interest in further enlarging. The concerns have been raised in some studies, but no one seems to have solved the puzzle. In this article I would make and analysis and try to explain this concerns. This would be done by analyzing and comparing the countries that had been admitted until know. Based on the indicators revealed by the analysis, alternative explanations based on the realism and neo- liberal institutionalism would be provided. I conclude that NATO is still a complex process that should be further analyzed in order the process to be clear. But as interesting points revealed in this study are that NATO enlargement is not based only on the criteria and requirements that the aspirant countries should fulfill. Aside form these requirements, the relations on the bilateral level, and the events and the relations on the international level seem to have a huge influence on the NATO enlargement.
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Konecký, David. "Vztahy NATO - Rusko v novém tisíciletí." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2002. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-77126.
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The subject of the dissertation thesis focuses on relations between the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and Russia in their post-9/11/2001 phase. The theoretical framework is provided by the realist school of thought with a special focus on the "defensive" strand of that school. The thesis has two main goals: the primary goal tests a validity of a statement "Confrontational aspects of the NATO -- Russia relations prohibit any significant mutually beneficial cooperation between the NATO and Russia", the secondary goal aims to create a robust body of primary-source information (with 31 December 2007 deadline). Confrontational aspects of the NATO -- Russia relations have been analyzed in the basic conceptual documents of both Russia and the NATO with following conclusions: (1.) Russia does not accept certain characteristics of NATO, (2.) NATO is not prepared to change these characteristics to meet Russia's objections. But as shown in the thesis, these conclusions do not prevent either side to state a conceptual preparedness to an interest-based cooperation. The other important aspect -- conventional and nuclear weapons balance -- has been analyzed in depth from both the static and dynamic point of view. The positive impetus generated through a rhetorical action immediately after the 11 September 2001 resulted in the creation of the NATO -- Russia Council (NRC). In comparison to the previous phase of the NATO -- Russia relations, the NRC comprises both evolution (prioritization of the content) and revolution (rejection of the previous form). But the positive impetus seems to be failing to generate concrete joint political or practical cooperative actions. Nevertheless, examples can be found of mutually beneficial cooperation between the NATO and Russia: operation Active Endeavor, search and rescue at the sea, project for fight against Afghan drugs, Cooperative Airspace Initiative. These examples do falsify the statement as defined under the primary goal of the thesis. As for a possible future development of the NATO -- Russia relations, the thesis concludes: (1.) No further upgrade of form is to be expected over a longer term, (2.) NRC is and will be and an import forum for a political dialogue, (3.) Mutually-beneficial cooperation will probably materialize through smaller-scale projects, (4.) Freezing of relations cannot be excluded, when an important political signal is to be sent, (5.) In spite of the Russia's denouncement of new military installation in Europe the fact is that the European perimeter is and will be for Russia far more secure and predictable than her Southern and South-Easter perimeter.
33
Castro, Olivier de. "Development of a Versatile High-Brightness Electron Impact Ion Source for Nano-Machining, Nano-Imaging and Nano-Analysis." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS468/document.
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Les nano-applications utilisant des faisceaux d'ions focalisés nécessitent des sources d'ions à haute brillance avec une faible dispersion en énergie (ΔE) ce qui permet une excellente résolution latérale et un courant d'ions suffisamment élevé pour induire des vitesses d'érosion raisonnables et des rendements élevés d'émission électronique et ionique. Les objectifs de cette thèse sont le développement d'une source d'ions basée sur l'impact électronique ayant une brillance réduite Br de 10³ – 10⁴ A m⁻² sr ⁻ ¹ V⁻ ¹, une dispersion en énergie ΔE ≲ 1 eV et un choix polyvalent d'ions. Le premier concept évalué consiste à focaliser un faisceau d'électrons à une énergie de 1 keV entre deux électrodes parallèles distant de moins d'un millimètre. Le volume d'ionisation « micrométrique » est formé au-dessus d'une ouverture d'extraction de quelques dizaines de µm. En utilisant un émetteur d'électrons LaB₆ et une pression de 0.1 mbar dans la région d'ionisation, Br est proche de 2.10² A m⁻² sr ⁻ ¹ V ⁻ ¹ avec des tailles de source de quelques µm, des courants de quelques nA pour Ar⁺/Xe⁺/O₂ ⁺ et une dispersion en énergie ΔE < 0.5 eV. La brillance réduite Br est encore en dessous de la valeur minimum de notre objectif et la pression de fonctionnement très faible nécessaire pour l'émetteur LaB₆ ne peut être obtenue avec une colonne d'électrons compacte, donc ce prototype n'a pas été construit.Le deuxième concept de source d'ions évalué est basé sur l’idée d’obtenir un faisceau ionique à fort courant avec une taille de source et un demi-angle d’ouverture similaire aux résultats du premier concept de source, mais en changeant l’interaction électron-gaz et la collection des ions. Des études théoriques et expérimentales sont utilisées pour l’évaluation de la performance de ce deuxième concept et de son utilité pour les nano-applications basées sur des faisceaux d'ions focalisésHigh brightness low energy spread (ΔE) ion sources are needed for focused ion beam nano-applications in order to get a high lateral resolution while having sufficiently high ion beam currents to obtain reasonable erosion rates and large secondary electron/ion yields. The objectives of this thesis are: the design of an electron impact ion source, a reduced brightness Br of 10³ – 10⁴ A m⁻² sr⁻ ¹ V⁻ ¹ with an energy distribution spread ΔE ≲ 1 eV and a versatile ion species choice. In a first evaluated concept an electron beam is focussed in between two parallel plates spaced by ≲1 mm. A micron sized ionisation volume is created above an extraction aperture of a few tens of µm. By using a LaB₆ electron emitter and the ionisation region with a pressure around 0.1 mbar, Br is close to 2.10² A m⁻² sr ⁻ ¹ V ⁻ ¹ with source sizes of a few µm, ionic currents of a few nA for Ar⁺/Xe⁺/O₂ ⁺ and the energy spread being ΔE < 0.5 eV. The determined Br value is still below the minimum targeted value and furthermore the main difficulty is that the needed operation pressure for the LaB₆ emitter cannot be achieved across the compact electron column and therefore a prototype has not been constructed. The second evaluated source concept is based on the idea to obtain a high current ion beam having a source size and half-opening beam angle similar to the first concept, but changing the electron gas interaction and the ion collection. Theoretical and experimental studies are used to evaluate the performance of this second source concept and its usefulness for focused ion beam nano-applications
34
Heisig, Johannes Volker. "Warum eine Osterweiterung der NATO? : Analyse der Entscheidungsprozesse und Kontroversen in Deutschland und den USA im Zusammenhang der sicherheitspolitisch-strategischen Orientierungsdebatten nach dem Ost-West-Konflikt /." Berlin : VWF, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sub-hamburg/392340283.pdf.
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Steinel, Anna. "Power, structures, and norms: determinants and patterns of NATO-Russia relations since 1997 /." Berlin : Pro Business, 2008. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sub-hamburg/559455798.pdf.
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Zhang, Li 1973. "Shockwave consolidation of nano silver powder into bulk nano structured silver." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100238.
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Bulk nanostructured silver components were fabricated from nano-sized powder using a shockwave consolidation technique. The grain size evolution during compaction, the mechanical properties of the bulk components, and the effect of surface finish on the mechanical behavior were studied. X-Ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), microhardness, compression testing and shear punch testing at room temperature were used to characterize the materials. Upon consolidation, the average grain size calculated from image analysis of the TEM micrographs was 49+/-22 nm, showing the feasibility of maintaining a nanostructure upon dynamic consolidation. The hardness of the bulk nanostructured components was constant across the diameter with an average of 83+/-1 HV. Compression results showed strength about 390+/-10 MPa and ductility of 23+/-2%, which is well above strength level obtainable from strain hardened Ag components. The AFM results show that samples possessing a surface roughness of 267 nm exhibited a brittle behavior and a reduction in strength of 35% when compared to the smoother surfaces. Dimples were observed for the samples exhibiting plasticity, while an intergranular pattern was identified for the brittle materials. Fracture toughness of 0.2 MPa m was calculated, which confirms the strong relationship between fracture toughness and defects observed in nanomaterials.
37
Gütter, Friederike [Verfasser]. "Understanding nano-stabiliser and nano-bio interactions of nanocrystals / Friederike Gütter." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1159900507/34.
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Li, Bo. "An inductive superconducting transition-edge nano-detector for nano-dosimetry applications." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2018. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/848851/.
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In this thesis I have demonstrated the feasibility of using Inductive Superconducting Transition-Edge Sensor (ISTED) as an excellent nanodosimeter for nano-dosimetry applications. This thesis can be divided broadly into two parts. In the first part, I begin by addressing how the study of low energetic ionising particles in liquid water using concepts from classical mechanics is a valid approach, despite being inside the quantum-classical boundary regime. Based on the circumstantial validity condition, I showed that the percentage uncertainties in nanodosimetric quantities due to Heisenberg's uncertainty principle for sub- 1 keV electrons in liquid water as calculated by GEANT4-DNA is not significant enough to cause changes to their distributions. Important nanodosimetric quantities studied in details are ionisation cluster-size distribution, second order of moment for cluster-size distribution (M₂) and the cumulative frequency of ionisation cluster-size distribution from cluster-size two (F₂). In the second part of my thesis, I have focussed on the design, optimisation, fabrication, characterisation of the superconducting devices. An ISTED is made from three components: a) a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID), b) a superconducting thin-film and c) a top layer of thin-film Carbon absorber. I have measured the magnetic flux noise of a nanoSQUID of loop dimension 350 nm and nano- Josephson junctions of dimensions 65 nm x 65 nm as 3 x 10⁻¹⁴ Φ₀² in the white noise region. It is shown that the measured nanoSQUID is more than capable of sub- 10 eV energy detection.
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Wang, Feng. "Modes, Excitation and Applications of Plasmonic Nano-apertures and Nano-cavities." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1348588159.
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Stenbäck, Lisa. "Nato i vår tid : Moderaternas förändrade hållning till ett Nato-medlemskap." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap (from 2013), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-66359.
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The purpose of this study is to gain an increased understanding of the Moderate partys’ changed attitude towards a Swedish NATO membership. The study will be based on domestic and international foreign policy factors which underpin the changing attitude. The most suitable choice to fulfill the purpose of this study and answer the research question is to use a case study as a method. Initially the reader will be presented with a background of the moderate partys history and the perception of a Swedish NATO membership. The foundation which this study is based and analyzed on is the Swedish Foreign Declaration of the following years 2005, 2007, 2014 and 2015. Reports of the public opinion and the moderate voters attitude towards a membership is used as well. Previous research will be presented in order to gain a deeper understanding of politics policy change. Results and analysis shows that the moderate partys´ political changing attitude is partly due to a more alter worldview with increased threats and disorder in our vicinity. Other results indicate an increasing support from both public opinion and the moderate voters but also from the Alliance parties. These results can give a deeper understanding why the moderate party have chosen to take action and unanimous want Sweden to apply for membership in NATO.
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Sriraman, Sharan Ram. "Pool boiling on nano-finned surfaces." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2091.
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Sofija, Poguberović. "Uklanjanje metala iz vode primenom stabilisanog i „zelenom“ sintezom produkovanog nano gvožđa (0)." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2016. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=100790&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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Predmet izučavanja ove disertacije je ispitivanje mogućnosti primene stabilisanog nano Fe(0) i „zelenom“ sintezom produkovanog nano Fe(0) u uklanjanju Cr(VI), Cd(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Pb(II) i As(III) iz vode. Sinteza nano Fe(0) za stabilizaciju izvršena je konvencionalnom metodom redukcije gvožđa sa natrijum borhidridom u prisustvu materijala za stabilizaciju: kaolinita, bentonita i karboksimetil celuloze. Za „zelenu” sintezu nano Fe(0) korišćeno je lišće drveća: hrasta, duda i višnje. Karakterizacija dobijenih nanomaterijala izvršena je transmisionom i skenirajućom elektronskom mikroskopijom. Rezultati karakterizacije su pokazali da se tokom sinteze nano Fe(0) natrijum borhidridom i stabilizacije kaolinitom, bentonitom i karboksimetil celulozom, formiraju nano čestice Fe(0) veličine 20 do 90 nm, dok su veličine čestica nano Fe(0) sintetisanih „zelenom“ metodom iznosile 10-30 nm i okarakterisane su kao nano čestice sfernog oblika, različitih veličina bez značajane aglomeracije. Primena nano Fe(0) na efikasnost uklanjanja metala iz vode ispitivana je pri različitim uslovima: uticaju doze nanomaterijala, početne koncentracije metala, pH vrednosti rastvora i kontaktnog vremena. Dobijeni rezultati prilikom ispitivanja uticaja doze nanomaterijala na efikasnosti uklanjanja odabranih metala iz vode primenom stabilisanih i „zelenih“ nanomaterijala pokazali su da se povećanjem doze nanomaterijala povećava efikasnost uklanjanja. Prilikom primene stabilisanih nanomaterijala, koncentracije 14.00 gFe(0)/l, postignute su visoke efikasnosti uklanjanja, već pri dozama od 2 ml, dok je efikasnost uklanjanja primenom „zelenih“ nanomaterijala koncentracije 1,395 gFe(0)/l bila niža. Prilikom ispitivanja uticaja pH vrednosti na uklanjanje metala iz vode primenom ispitivanih nanomaterijala, određeni su optimalni opsezi pH vrednosti pri kojima se postiže najveća adsorpcija metala na ispitivanim nanomaterijalima. Veza između metala i ispitivanih nanomaterijala objašnjena je modelovanjem Langmuir-ove i Freunlich-ove adsorpcione izoterme. Veće adsorpcione kapacitete prilikom adsorpcije svih ispitivanih metala pokazali su nanomaterijali produkovani „zelenom“ sintezom u odnosu na stabilisane nanomaterijale, što je povezano sa veličinom čestica, tj. manje nanočestice nanomaterijala produkovanih „zelenom” sintezom imaju veću specifičnu površinu i samim tim mogu ponuditi više reaktivnih mesta, veću reaktivnost i bolju disperziju. Ispitivanje kinetike adsorcije Cr(VI), Cd(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Pb(II) i As(III) na ispitivanim stabilisanim i „zelenom“ sintezom produkovanim nanomaterijalima pokazalo je veoma brzu reakciju adsorpcije metala na ispitivanim nanomaterijalima i bolje slaganje eksperimentalno dobijenih podataka sa pseudo-drugim kinetičkim modelom. Rezultati dobijeni u ovom istraživanju omogućiće procenu primene nano Fe(0) za uklanjanje metala iz vode, posebno adsorpciju metala iz vode kao i odabir najefikasnijeg i najekonomičnijeg adsorbensa za uklanjanje različitih metala iz vode.This work is concerned with exploring the possibility of application of stabilized nano Fe(0) and nano Fe (0) produced by “green” synthesis in the removal of Cr(VI), Cd(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Pb(II) and As(III) from the water. Synthesis of nano Fe(0) for the stabilization is carried out according to conventional method of iron reduction with sodium borohydride in the presence of a material for stabilization: kaolinite, bentonite and carboxymethyl cellulose. Leaves of oak, mulberry and cherry trees used for “green” synthesis of nano Fe(0). Characterization of nanomaterials was performed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The characterization results have shown that during the synthesis and stabilization of nano Fe (0) process formed nanoparticles with size from 20 to 90 nm, while the nano Fe (0) particles synthesized by "green" method were within the size of 10-30 nm and characterized as spherical nanoparticles with various sizes without significant agglomeration. Application of nano Fe (0) on the removal efficiency of metals from water was studied under different conditions: the influence of nanomaterials dose, the initial metal concentrations, pH value of the solution and the contact time. The results obtained during the examination of the impact of nanomaterial dose on the removal efficiency of selected metals from water have shown that increasing of nanomaterial dose increases removal efficiency. High removal efficiency is achieved when used 2 ml of stabilized nanomaterials, concentration of 14.00 gFe(0)/L, while when "green" nanomaterials, concentration of 1,395 gFe(0)/L, were used the removal efficiency was lower. The optimal ranges of pH values at which the tested nanomaterials reach the maximum adsorption of metals were obtained, during the examination of the influence of pH value on removal of metals from water by using the tested nanomaterials The relation between the metals and tested nanomaterials is explained by modeling of Langmuir's and Freunlich's adsorption isotherm. Nanomaterials produced by "green" synthesis showed higher adsorption capacity than stabilized nanomaterials, which is related with particle size, i.e. the nanoparticles produced by "green" synthesis have less particles, higher specific surface area and therefore can offer more reactive sites, greater reactivity and better dispersion. Kinetics tests showed a very fast adsorption of metal on the tested nanomaterials and better agreement with the experimental data to second pseudo-kinetic model. The results obtained in this study will enable the assessment of the application of nano Fe (0) for the removal of metals from water, especially for the adsorption of metals from water as well as the selection of the most efficient and most economical of the adsorbent for the removal of various metals from water.
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Jung, Anne [Verfasser], and Rolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Hempelmann. "Galvanoformen von nano-Nickel und nano-Invar / Anne Jung. Betreuer: Rolf Hempelmann." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1052781292/34.
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Correia, Regiane Diniz [UNESP]. "Análise da assimetria da braçada do nado crawl através do nado atado." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144340.
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Atualmente, a natação é praticada em diversos níveis, desde o terapêutico até o competitivo. Fatores biomecânicos que interferem no desenvolvimento da força propulsiva influenciam mais no desempenho do que na capacidade de produzir energia. Visando o alto rendimento, o objetivo deste trabalho foi detectar a assimetria da braçada do nado crawl através do nado atado e verificar a sua possível relação com a queda de desempenho. Com a utilização da dinamometria foi possível descrever as variáveis dinâmicas da força da braçada através de célula de carga, e com o auxílio da cinemetria comparar as variáveis da assimetria entre os braços e a frequência média de ciclos de braçadas. O método do nado atado foi empregado para avaliar 8 nadadores competitivos, com o mínimo de 2 anos de treinamento, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 11 e 20 anos. Os dados de força obtidos foram coletados durante o nado crawl em um protocolo de 30 segundos, sendo 10 segundos iniciais de nado moderado, e 20 segundos de nado em intensidade máxima. As médias dos picos de força, frequência e ciclos foram descritas e comparadas entre as braçadas direita e esquerda. Os resultados da comparação entre a braçada direita e esquerda não diferiram estatisticamente: FM NA (80,28N ± 16,48); e FM NA (87,48 ±29,77) respectivamente. Quando comparados individualmente apenas, dois dos oito sujeitos apresentaram diferença entre as braçadas (p<0,05). Os resultados sugerem que os nadadores que apresentam assimetria significativa podem estar relacionado com o estilo do nado, técnica e treinamento específico. O índice de assimetria encontrado nos outros nadadores não é considerado fator crítico. Assim, o nado atado continua sendo uma das melhores formas de mensuração da força, e pode ser utilizado como prognóstico de treinamento, em provas de curta distância.
Currently, swimming is practiced at various levels, from the therapeutic to the competitive. Biomechanical factors that affect the development of the propulsive force, influence on performance more than the ability to produce energy. Aiming high performance , the aim of this study was to detect the asymmetry of the front crawl stroke by tethered swimming and check their possible relationship with the performance drop. With the use of grip strength was possible to describe the dynamic variables of the stroke force by load cell, and with the help of kinematics compare the variables of the asymmetry between the arms and the mean frequency of strokes cycles. The tethered swimming method was used to evaluate 8 competitive swimmers, with a minimum of two years of training, of both sexes, aged 11 and 20 years. The strength data were collected during the crawl in a 30-second protocol, 10 seconds of moderate swimming, and 20 seconds of swimming at maximum intensity. The average of the force peaks, frequency and cycles were described and compared between the right and left strokes. The results of the comparison between the right and left stroke were not statistically different: FM NA (80,28N ± 16.48); and FM NA (87.48 ± 29.77) respectively. When compared individually only two of the eight subjects showed difference between the lengths (p <0.05). The results suggest that the swimmers have significant asymmetry may be related to the style of swimming, technical and specific training. The asymmetry index found in other swimmers is not considered critical. Thus, the tethered swimming remains one of the best ways to measure the strength, and can be used as a prognostic training in evidence walking distance.
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Correia, Regiane Diniz. "Análise da assimetria da braçada do nado crawl através do nado atado /." Guaratinguetá, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144340.
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Orientador: José Elias TomaziniCoorientador: Marcelo Sampaio Martins
Banca: José Geraldo Trani Brandão
Banca: Elaine Cristina Martinez Teodoro
Resumo: Atualmente, a natação é praticada em diversos níveis, desde o terapêutico até o competitivo. Fatores biomecânicos que interferem no desenvolvimento da força propulsiva influenciam mais no desempenho do que na capacidade de produzir energia. Visando o alto rendimento, o objetivo deste trabalho foi detectar a assimetria da braçada do nado crawl através do nado atado e verificar a sua possível relação com a queda de desempenho. Com a utilização da dinamometria foi possível descrever as variáveis dinâmicas da força da braçada através de célula de carga, e com o auxílio da cinemetria comparar as variáveis da assimetria entre os braços e a frequência média de ciclos de braçadas. O método do nado atado foi empregado para avaliar 8 nadadores competitivos, com o mínimo de 2 anos de treinamento, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 11 e 20 anos. Os dados de força obtidos foram coletados durante o nado crawl em um protocolo de 30 segundos, sendo 10 segundos iniciais de nado moderado, e 20 segundos de nado em intensidade máxima. As médias dos picos de força, frequência e ciclos foram descritas e comparadas entre as braçadas direita e esquerda. Os resultados da comparação entre a braçada direita e esquerda não diferiram estatisticamente: FM NA (80,28N ± 16,48); e FM NA (87,48 ±29,77) respectivamente. Quando comparados individualmente apenas, dois dos oito sujeitos apresentaram diferença entre as braçadas (p<0,05). Os resultados sugerem que os nadadores que apresentam assimetria significativ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Currently, swimming is practiced at various levels, from the therapeutic to the competitive. Biomechanical factors that affect the development of the propulsive force, influence on performance more than the ability to produce energy. Aiming high performance, the aim of this study was to detect the asymmetry of the front crawl stroke by tethered swimming and check their possible relationship with the performance drop. With the use of grip strength was possible to describe the dynamic variables of the stroke force by load cell, and with the help of kinematics compare the variables of the asymmetry between the arms and the mean frequency of strokes cycles. The tethered swimming method was used to evaluate 8 competitive swimmers, with a minimum of two years of training, of both sexes, aged 11 and 20 years. The strength data were collected during the crawl in a 30-second protocol, 10 seconds of moderate swimming, and 20 seconds of swimming at maximum intensity. The average of the force peaks, frequency and cycles were described and compared between the right and left strokes. The results of the comparison between the right and left stroke were not statistically different: FM NA (80,28N ± 16.48); and FM NA (87.48 ± 29.77) respectively. When compared individually only two of the eight subjects showed difference between the lengths (p <0.05). The results suggest that the swimmers have significant asymmetry may be related to the style of swimming, technical and specific training. The asymmetry index found in other swimmers is not considered critical. Thus, the tethered swimming remains one of the best ways to measure the strength, and can be used as a prognostic training in evidence walking distance
Mestre
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Anand, Deepti. "SORPTION OF CHLORINATED COMPOUNDS ON CARBON NANO TUBES AND NANO TEXTURED SAND." OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/348.
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The release of carbon-based nanomaterials into the environment is causing great concern among environmental scientists and engineers due to their potential impacts on the fate and transport of environmental contaminants, deriving from their superior adsorption capacities. Chlorinated compounds are one of the most prevalent environmental contaminants in the United States, yet systematic studies concerning the adsorption and desorption mechanisms of chlorinated compounds on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are scant. The objective of this study was to investigate the adsorption and desorption mechanisms of three chlorinated compounds with different molecular structures on multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using a wide range of isotherms that were used as models to predict the adsorptive capacity of the MWCNT's. The results indicated that sorption capacities of chlorinated compounds to MWCNTs are greatly affected by the molecular structures and follows an order of 1,1,1-TCA < TCE < 1,3,5-TCB. Hysteresis was observed for all compounds on pristine MWCNTs. After thermal treatment of MWCNTs, sorption capacity of all three compounds was enhanced and sorption hysteresis was considerably reduced. The results highlighted the role of disorderly amorphous carbon in the adsorption and desorption process. We also conducted a study on how nano-texturing of sand surfaces using carbon nanotubes (CNT) can efficiently control the mobility and bioavailability of contaminants found in aquatic sediments. The CNT textured sand can be used as viable in-situ capping (ISC) materials to physically separate contaminated sediments from overlying water. Adsorption measurements of several common contaminants (chlorinated aliphatics) found in aquatic environment performed on CNT textured sand showed at least an order of magnitude increase in their sorption coefficients compared to traditional capping materials such as sand. It was also demonstrated that CNT textured sand can significantly reduce the migration of contaminants from sediments to overlying water and possess suitable geotechnical parameters needed for contaminant sequestration and sediment remediation technologies which can lead to clean and healthy aquatic environment.
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Gunputh, Urvashi Fowdar. "Antibacterial properties of TiO2 nanotubes coated with nano-ZnO and nano-Ag." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/11155.
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TiO2 nanotubes grown on titanium alloy are known to increase the biocompatibility of the alloy when used in dental/orthopaedic implants. Furthermore, their nanotubular structures can act as antibacterial agent carrier and as a scaffold for tissue engineering with the aim of adding antibacterial properties to the implant. This study aims at fabricating an antibacterial and biocompatible nanocomposite coating on Ti-6Al-4V involving nano-ZnO and nano-Ag. Initially, TiO2 nanotubes were self-assembled on the polished surface of medical grade Ti-6Al-4V alloy discs using anodisation. First silver nanoparticles were chemically reduced from silver ammonia using delta-δ-gluconolactone for different duration on the nanotubes to form TiO2-Ag composite coating. Nano HA was added to the latter coating with the aim of reducing toxicity from silver, hence forming TiO2-Ag-HA coating. Secondly, nano-ZnO was thermo-chemically grown on the TiO2 nanotubes using zinc nitrate and hexamethylenetetramine. They were then annealed at 350-550 oC hence forming TiO2-ZnO. HA was grown on the latter coating by a biomimetic method whereby the coated discs were placed in a concentrated simulated body fluid at 37 oC forming TiO2-ZnO-HA. The stability of the 4 coatings, TiO2-Ag, TiO2-Ag-HA, TiO2-ZnO and TiO2-ZnO-HA were assessed using the dialysis method (n=3 each) and then exposed to S.aureus for 24 hours in BHI broth. Their antibacterial properties were assessed using different assays and microscopic imaging with respect to different controls (n=6 each for assays and n=3 for imaging). Their biocompatibility properties were assessed in the presence of primary human osteoblast cells in DMEM media with the help of biochemical assays, molecular gene expression and microscopic imaging (n=3). Both silver and zinc coated nanotubes showed significant level of antibacterial properties with silver coating being more bactericidal than the coating containing zinc. Nonetheless, the zinc oxide coatings were more biocompatible than the silver coating. Nano silver and zinc oxide containing composite coatings were successfully synthesised and tested in the presence of bacteria and human cells. The final conclusion was that nano-silver was still toxic and nano-ZnO coatings were more biocompatible.
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Hargreaves, Natasha Jayne. "Crystallisation of nano-quartz and nano-graphite from microemulsions under ambient conditions." Thesis, Durham University, 2016. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11725/.
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The principal basis for the following work is to demonstrate the importance of controllable crystallisation and consequential applications for both silica-based significant inorganic materials and carbonaceous materials. Microemulsions have been employed as a vector to explore the possibility of thermodynamically controlling the crystallisation process, utilising the 3D confinement of crystallisable material within nano-scale droplets. This opens a route to circumvent Ostwald’s Rule of Stages, for a multitude of potential applications. We show here that both quartz and nanographite can be synthesised at room temperature and pressure using this methodology. Previous attempts at silica synthesis from within the microemulsion have only presented the amorphous phase, leaving many questions unanswered, whilst failing to reveal the underlying cause. Further, traditional methods of quartz synthesis employs hydrothermal conditions, or temperatures >1100 0C. Microemulsions were adopted to behave as confined mini reactors for the synthesis of α-quartz at room temperature and pressure from a precursor from sodium metasilicate nonahydrate (SMS) which can be used as a precursor of silica, circumnavigating the traditional hydrothermal methodologies. At higher supersaturations, both the metastable amorphous phase and the high temperature polymorph, cristobalite were also observed. Upon the acidification of the microemulsions, the size and morphology of the quartz nanoparticles was found to be dependent upon the pH and the ratio of surfactant:silica units. Conventional wisdom stipulates that graphite can only be produced using high temperatures, with natural graphite arising via progressive metamorphisms of carbonaceous material subjected to temperatures above ~600 K and pressures >2 kbar. Previous attempts to use carbohydrate precursors have resulted in the formation of luminescent carbon dots or required templation, followed by calcination. In these prior investigations, high temperatures or extremely severe reactants are used to drive the precipitation of graphitic forms. Analogous experiments were successful in employing the 3D nano-confinement microemulsions as confined mini reactors for the synthesis of nanographite at room temperature and pressure from a sucrose precursor, through a simple process of acidifying sucrose microemulsions. Crucially, the reaction was conducted in nanometre-sized microemulsion droplets to exert control over the reaction and sheet stacking process, ensuring that only sufficiently pristine graphene nanosheets could stack, thereby producing nanographite in a simple one-step synthesis under ambient conditions. The primary nanographitic particles of size ~3-30 nm stacked to form larger µm-sized nanographitic aggregates. The amount of nanographite produced from the microemulsions is limited as sucrose concentration must be kept very low to slow the reaction kinetics to ensure the mainly graphitic, rather than amorphous, product.
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Aggarwal, Ankur. "Chip-Package Nano-Structured Copper and Nickel Interconnections with Metallic and Polymeric Bonding Interfaces." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14096.
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With the semiconductor industry racing toward a historic transition, nano chips with less than 45 nm features demand I/Os in excess of 20,000 with multi-core processors aggregately providing highest bandwidth at lowest power. On the other hand, emerging mixed signal systems are driving the need for 3D packaging with embedded active components and ultra-short interconnections. Being able to provide several fold increase in the chip-to-package vertical interconnect density is essential for garnering the true benefits of nanotechnology that will utilize nano-scale devices. Electrical interconnections are multi-functional materials that must also be able to withstand complex, sustained and cyclic thermo-mechanical loads. Device- to- system board interconnections are typically accomplished today with either wire bonding or solders. Both of these are incremental and run into either electrical or mechanical barriers as they are extended to higher interconnections densities. Downscaling traditional solder bump interconnect will not satisfy the thermo-mechanical reliability requirements at very fine pitches. Other approaches such as compliant interconnects require lengthy connections and are limited in terms of electrical properties.
A novel chip-package interconnection technology is developed to address the IC packaging requirements and to introduce innovative design and fabrication concepts that will further advance the performance of the chip, the package, and the system board. The nano-structured interconnect technology simultaneously packages all the ICs intact in wafer form with quantum jump in the number of interconnections with the lowest electrical parasitics. The intrinsic properties of nano materials also enable several orders of magnitude higher interconnect densities with the best mechanical properties for the highest reliability and yet provide higher current and heat transfer densities.
This thesis investigates the electrical and mechanical performance of nano-structured interconnections through modeling and test vehicle fabrication. Test vehicles with nano-interconnections were fabricated using low cost electro-deposition techniques and assembled with various bonding interfaces. Interconnections were fabricated at 200 micron pitch to compare with the existing solder joints and at 50 micron pitch to demonstrate fabrication processes at fine pitches. Experimental and modeling results show that the proposed nano-interconnections could enhance the reliability and potentially meet all the system performance requirements for the emerging micro/nano-systems.
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Geiger, Gunnar. "Die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen der Multinationalität unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Befehls- und Kommandogewalt /." Aachen : Shaker, 2002. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/361317263.pdf.
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