Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Namkam'

Magistro baigiamojo darbo tikslas – suprojektuoti lietuvių bendruomenės namus Londone ant vandens lietuvių emigrantams bendrauti, socialinei paramai teikti, visuomenei informuoti ir šviesti. Darbą sudaro dvi darbo dalys: tiriamoji (tekstinė) ir projektinė. Tiriamojoje dalyje pateikta: surinkta medžiaga, susijusi su modulinių pastatų, pastatų ant vandens ir bendruomenės centrų projektavimo ypatumais, jų koncepcijomis ir įgyvendinimo rezultatais, funkcijų ir formų kitimo istoriniame kontekste apžvalga; alternatyvių situacijų apžvalga ir pasirinktos situacijos analizė, problemiškumas, poreikiai ir galimybės, plėtros ateityje planai. Projektinę dalį sudaro: urbanistinis situacijos planšetas (M 1:500) ir pastato su artimiausia aplinka maketas (M 1:100); konceptualūs galimi sprendimo variantai; detalus projektuojamo pastato sprendinys – generalinis planas, planai, pjūviai, fasadai, modulio detalizacija, eksterjero ir interjero perspektyviniai vaizdai.
The aim of this master thesis is to design Lithuanian community centre in London on water for Lithuanian emigrants to communicate, educate, social support, and public information. The paper consists of analytical and project parts. Analytical part presents collected main material about modular buildings, buildings on water, design features of community centers, concepts and final results of implementation, review of their function and form development in historical context; review of alternative situations for centre and selected location analysis, issues, needs and possibilities, development plans. Project part consists of urban situation tablet (M 1:500) and building model with surroundings (M 1:100); conceptual solutions, detailed projected building – master plan, plans, sections, elevations, module detailing, exterior and interior perspective views.

Ekonomiškai temperatūrą valdanti sistema turi tiekti šilumą ten kur tuo metu ji yra reikalingiausia ir minimaliai sumažinti ją ten kur ji nėra reikalinga. Tačiau bet kuriai temperatūros valdymo sistemai, tam, kad ji optimaliai valdytų temperatūrą reikalinga žinoti kokia temperatūra yra realiu laiku strategiškai svarbiuose patalpos taškuose. Našus ir greitas temperatūrinės informacijos surinkimas iš įvairių patalpų yra svarbus dalykas ne tiktai šildymo, vėdinimo, kondicionavimo procesams, bet taip pat gali būti naudojama kaip apsauga nuo gaisro. Tačiau iškyla problema – kaipgi stebėti visas temperatūras realiu laiku ir vienoje vietoje? Taigi pagrindinis darbo tikslas yra sukurti temperatūros stebėjimo sistemą, kuri yra sudaryta iš techninės ir programinės įrangos, būtų lengvai įdiegiama ir pritaikoma įvairioms patalpomis arba technologiniams procesams. Ši systema bus paprasta ir nebrangi, tačiau funkcionalumu nenusileis sudėtingoms programoms. Šiame darbe buvo išanalizuota jau egzistuojanti temperatūros stebėjimo sistemų programinė įranga, pabrėžiant jos privalumus ir tr��kumus. Atsižvelgiant į analizės rezultatus, buvo sukurta temperatūros stebėjimo sistemos projektas.
Smart house system, which economically controls temperature, has to supply heating where it necessary at this time and reduce to minimum where it is not necessary. To control temperature optimally, every temperature control system has to know what temperature is in the real time at strategically important room places. Efficient and fast collection of temperature information from various house places is a matter of substance not even in processes of heating, ventilation and air conditioning but also can be used as a preventive mean from fire. But there is a main problem – how to know and observe all temperatures in real time, in one place? So the main aim of research is to design temperature monitoring system, which consists of hardware and software, would be easy installation, adapted for various accommodations or technological processes. This system would be simple and cheap, with it’s functionality would be equal with another sophisticated systems. It was analyzing properly existing temperature monitoring systems’ software at this work and marked its’ merits and demerits. It was created temperature monitoring system project.

Baigiamajame magistro darbe nagrinėjama postmodernizmo stiliaus raiška privačiuose gyvenamuosiuose namuose Lietuvoje, nuo XX a. 9 dešimtmečio vidurio iki 10 dešimtmečio pabaigos. Siekiant atskleisti šio stiliaus bruožus, specifiką ir kultūrinę reikšmę Lietuvoje darbe analizuojami Vakarų pasaulio (JAV, Vakarų Europos, Japonijos) privačių gyvenamųjų namų etalonai bei sąlygos, nulėmusios jų raidą. Darbe nustatoma, kad to meto socialiniai, politiniai, ekonominiai veiksniai Lietuvoje, iš esmės lėmė ir šios architektūros nepažinimą ir kritišką vertinimą. Daroma prielaida, kad dėl politinių-ekonominių veiksnių, užsienio profesinė periodika buvo viena iš pagrindinių priemonių postmodernizmo architektūrai pažinti. Todėl atliekama privačių gyvenamųjų namų publikuotų užsienio periodiniuose leidiniuose ir Lietuvoje lyginamoji analizė. Nustatomi charakteringiausi Lietuvos postmodernizmo architektūros privačių gyvenamųjų namų bruožai ir jų sąsajos su užsienio architektūra. Iš nagrinėjamų Lietuvos postmodernizmo stiliaus privačių gyvenamųjų namų išskiriami aukšto kokybinio lygio pastatai-etalonai, įvardinamos jų vertingosios savybės.Darbo apimtis – 92 p. teksto be priedo, 57 iliustr., 9 schemos, 99 bibliografiniai šaltiniai, 3 priedai.
The goal of Master thesis is to investigate expression and features of postmodern style of private dwelling-houses of Lithuania, from the middle of the 9th decade to the 10th decade of the twentieth century. In order to reveal the characteristics, features and cultural significance of the style in Lithuania, the private dwelling-houses of postmodern style of the Western world (the U.S., Western Europe, Japan) are analyzed, as well as conditions which prompted their development. The paper discusses that the social, political and economic factors of Lithuania at that time, led to the suspicion and critical evaluation of postmodern architecture in general.It is assumed that due to the political-economical factors, the Western magazines were one of the main tools for Lithuanian architects to get to know postmodern architecture. Therefore, a comparative analysis between private dwelling-houses published in foreign periodicals, and of Lithuania, is conducted. Consequently the most common features of private dwelling-houses of postmodern style in Lithuania and their links with Western architecture are determined. Houses of Lithuania of high quality postmodern architecture are named, their valuable properties are defined. Thesis consists of: 92 p. text without extras, 57 pictures., 9 schemes, 99 bibliographical entries, 3 appendixes included.

The Khoisan are the indigenous peoples of Southern Africa, whose existence can be traced back some 2000 years to the Cape area of what is today South Africa. The Nama, the people whose dancing is the subject of this study, are the descendents of these original inhabitants of South Africa. The Nama are scattered among five 'coloured-reserve' areas in the north-west area of South Africa. This study concerns the Nama who live in !Khubus in the Richtersveld region of Namaqualand near the Orange River. Like other indigenous peoples in what is today popularly referred to as the 'Rainbow Nation', the Nama have been profoundly affected by colonisation and a brutal apartheid regime. It is not too difficult, at a superficial level at least, to distinguish supposedly traditional Nama customs from those they have adopted. The most obvious of these can readily be observed in language (Afrikaans), religious practices, architecture, and dancing. These activities are fertile examples of both acculturation and survival. The activities known as The Nama Stap (Step) and The Nama Stap Dance the subject of this dissertation, are particular examples of such fusion and endurance. They at once demonstrate the Nama drive for survival through adaptation and their need for continuity. This dissertation assesses and critiques movement analysis techniques. It then applies complementary methodologies including anthropology, ethnography, dance analysis, Labanotation and Laban Movement Analysis to address the continuities to be found In what the Nama call their 'national dance', how these have survived through a process of fusion, and how this historic female puberty rite has been transformed Into a contemporary statement of the solidarity between Nama women.

Probleminis klausimas – ar Kauno viešbučių „Daugirdas“ ir „Perkūno namai“ personalas etiškai aptarnauja klientus . Tyrimo tikslas - išanalizuoti klientų etiško aptarnavimo ir organizacijos kultūros situaciją Kauno viešbučiuose „Daugirdas“ ir „Perkūno namai“ bei remiantis situacijos analize ir klientus aptarnaujančio personalo etikos ir organizacijų kultūros teorine apžvalga, pasiūlyti etiško aptarnavimo tobulinimo būdus. Tikslui įgyvendinti iškelti šie uždaviniai: 1. Išnagrinėti mokslinę literatūrą ir apžvelgti etiško aptarnavimo bei organizacijos kultūros sistemos teorinius aspektus. 2. Pritaikyti empirinio tyrimo metodologiją ir atlikti tyrimą Kauno viešbučiuose „Daugirdas“ ir „Perkūno namai“. 3. Išanalizuoti tyrimo rezultatus ir parengti pasiūlymus etiško bendravimo tobulinimui Kauno viešbučiams „Daugirdas“ ir „Perkūno namai“. Tyrimo objektas – klientų etiškas aptarnavimas. Tyrimo metodai – tiesioginis duomenų rinkimas „Kauno viešbučiuose „Daugirdas“ ir „Perkūno namai“, mokslinės literatūros analizė, anketinė apklausa, statistinė analizė. IŠVADOS 1. Etiškas bendravimas suprantamas kaip klasikinės etikos teorinių teiginių, moralės normų, aukštos kultūros ir etiketo taisyklės bei vadovavimąsi jomis praktikoje. 2. Anketų apžvalga parodo, kad dalies minėtuose viešbučiuose valdymo darbuotojų žinios apie klientų etišką aptarnavimo yra nepakankamos ir todėl atsiranda nusiskundimų dėl etiško bendravimo ar darbuotojų netinkamo elgesio su klientais 3. Kauno viešbučiuose „Daugirdas“... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The main issue – to learn whether the personnel in the hotels „Daugirdas“ and „Perkūno namai“ in Kaunas provides ethically sufficient services. The main goal of the study – to analyze whether the hotels “Daugirdas” and “Perkūno namai” provide ethical services regarding the servicing of the customers, as well as the level of organizational culture in these institutions. Also, based on the analysis of the situation and the theoretical review of the personnel and the culture of these organizations itself, to suggest the methods of the probable improvement in the field of ethical services. To accomplish the main goal, the following tasks have been raised: 1. To analyze the scientific literature and to review the idea of ethical services and the theoretical aspects regarding the system of the organizational culture. 2. To apply the methodology of an empirical research and fulfill the very research. 3. To analyse the results of the research and prepare the suggestions for the improvement of an ethical communication in the hotels „Daugirdas“ and „Perkūno namai“ in Kaunas. The object of the research – ethical services for the customers. The methods of the research – direct collection of the data, the analysis of scientific literature, a survey in the form of a questionnaire, statistical analysis. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Ethical communication is understood as a flock of statements regarding classical ethical theory, as well as norms of morality, high level of culture and etiquette, that is... [to full text]

In 1543, after more than a century of exploration and expansion, the first Europeans, the Portuguese, landed on the Isle of Tanegashima fl ~lib, off the southern island of Kyushu, Japan. Their arrival has been described in Japanese as kamikaze 1$ 00,, 'by the winds of the gods', or by accident. Indeed the Portuguese did not intend to visit Japan; their landing on Japanese shores was caused by severe weather conditions. The focus of this dissertation is the so-called Nanban byobu l�J~ MOO. Southern Barbarian folding screen paintings, depicting the arrival of Portuguese merchants and missionaries on Japanese shores. The paintings are classified as kinsei shokifuuzokuga ili:t!t1'.JJ~OO.{~@ (Early Modern Genre Painting) depicting scenes from contemporary life in and around the city. They were designed and produced by Japanese artists for Japanese patrons and audiences, they were not items made for export. Typically the screens were displayed in pairs, each screen consisting of two, six or eight panels and are divided into groups of 'arrival scene' paintings; the first group shows the departure of the Portuguese 'Black Ship' from a foreign port on the left screen and the right the arrival of the ship to Japan, the next group show the arrival of the Portuguese 'Black Ship' to Japanese shores on the left screen and on the right screen is a procession of Portuguese merchants and missionaries through the streets of a Japanese port town. Around ninety screens survive and can be found in collections worldwide. The aim of this study is to 're-contextualise' these paintings in the Japanese interior space and the practice of Japanese painting workshops. It intends to challenge the frequent use of European sources to decipher and make meaning of the iconography of Nanban byobu by reconsidering their place in the development of Japanese painting in the early modern period.

Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this paper was to prove the contribution of the Works Order Close-Out Meeting process at Nampak Flexible Ndabeni, through the development of a Close-Out Meeting contribution evaluation model. Although the value of the Close-Out Meeting process is intuitively understood, a formal measurement would underscore the importance of the process. Using a funnel-based analysis, a total of 63 Close-Out Meeting findings was identified for formal benefit review and were categorised into five finding groups. For each of these five groups a contribution measurement methodology was developed. The methodology was rooted in sound management and ERP theory and then applied to the findings in each group. The following key groups were identified and discussed: Incorrect standards. The importance of correct standards was shown, and the potential misstatement due to incorrect standards was quantified. The analysis showed that effective, ongoing variance review can identify errors in standards and that changes can be initiated and authorised in a short timeframe. ERP process review. Findings that specifically addressed lack of proper process were reviewed and real benefit was calculated for three categories, namely information misstatement, risk mitigation and productivity gains. Formulas were developed and applied for the benefit calculation. The analysis showed it is dangerous to assume that processes are cast in stone or fundamentally sound, and that the Close-Out review process not only identifies deficiency of these processes, but initiates corrective action. Shop floor process review. The investigation into findings that addressed process conformance showed that in most cases the process breakdowns related to the accuracy of information captured into the ERP. The impact of poor information, process non-conformance and corrective action was clearly shown. Actions to improve performance. Targeted actions to improve production performance were subdivided into actions that improved productivity and actions that reduced the risk of recurrence of a negative event. Benefits were calculated using established methods, and in both cases the benefit was substantial. Business decision confirmation. The Close-Out Meeting sometimes forced analysis that did not lead to action but to a better understanding of the business reality. What was shown is that the ability to identify, list and analyse findings of this nature added value. By expanding the benefit analysis beyond a simplistic implementation of corrective action, the scope of benefits was increased. The study achieved several objectives. The analysis showed that corrective actions taken by management have a scientific base and that the implementation of corrective actions delivered real business value. This allowed the business to place the Close-Out Meetings in the correct context, as the business could conclude that Close-Out Meetings were fundamental to its continued success. From a theoretical point of view the body of knowledge around Close-Out Meetings was expanded, while the results also supported the Nampak ERP value case. Close-Out Meetings at Nampak Flexible delivered clear, measurable benefits when discussion points were converted to actions that were acted upon by the business. The value was of such a nature to confirm the importance of Close-Out Meetings as a component of good ERP-manufacturing practice.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie werkstuk was om die bydrae van die "Works Order Close-Out Meeting" proses by Nampak Flexible Ndabeni te bewys met behulp van 'n "Close-Out Meeting" evaluasiemodel. Alhoewel die waarde van die "Close-Out Meeting"-proses intuitief aanvaar word, aksentueer die ontwikkeling van 'n formele maatstaf die belangrikheid van die proses. 'n Evaluasieproses het 'n totaa1 van 63 bevindinge opgelewer vir analise. Die bevindinge is ingedeel in vyf groeperings en vir elke groepering is 'n ste1 maatstawwe ontwikkel ten einde die bydrae van die bevindinge te meet. Hierdie maatstawwe was gebaseer op bestaande, aanvaarde ERP- en bestuursteorie. Die volgende vyf groepe was geidentifiseer en bespreek. Foutiewe standaarde. Die belangrikheid van akkurate standaarde in die stelsel is bewys, en die skaal van informasiefoute as gevolg van verkeerde standaarde is gekwantifiseer. Daar is bewys dat effektiewe, voortdurende variasie-analise foute kan identifiseer en dat die nodige korrektiewe aksie vinnig implementeerbaar is. ERP-proses. Bevindinge wat voortspruit uit swak prosesse is geidentifiseer en die waarde van die korrektiewe aksie is op drie vlakke geanaliseer, naamlik informasiefoute, risikobeheer en produktiwiteitsverbetering. Formules is ontwikkel en toegepas om die waarde van die korrektiewe aksie te bepaal. Daar is bewys dat dit gevaarlik is om aan te neem dat besigheidsprosesse fundamenteel korrek is, en dat die "Close-Out Review"-proses nie net foutiewe prosesse uitgewys het nie, maar ook die nodige korrektiewe aksie gedryf het. Fabrieksvloerproses. Die ondersoek na bevindinge wat prosesafwykings uitgewys het, het aangedui dat afwykings meestal voorgekom het as gevolg van foutiewe informasie in die ERP-stelsel. Die impak van foutiewe informasie, prosesafwykings en inisiatiewe om die akkuraatheid van informasie te verbeter is duidelik gewys. Produksieverbetering. Bevindinge wat gelei het tot inisiatiewe om produksie te verbeter is verdeel tussen produktiwiteitsverbetering en risikobeheer. Die waarde van die inisiatiewe is bereken met die gebruik van ontwikkelde metodes en in beide gevalle was die resultate baie positief. Ondersteuning by besluitneming. Die "Close-Out Meeting"-proses het somtyds gely tot analise wat nie aanieiding gegee het tot korrektiewe aksie nie, maar wel daartoe gelei het dat bestuur se begrip van besigheidsrealiteit verbeter het. Daar is bewys dat 'n proses wat besigheidsinformasie aan bestuur kan weergee ter ondersteuning van bestuursbesluite, waardevol is. Die mate van voordeel wat uit die proses stem is vergroot deur die waarde-analise uit te brei sodat dit meer is as die blote analise van korrektiewe aksie. Die berekende voordeel uit die "Close-Out Meeting"-proses is groter wanneer die hestek van die voordeel vergroot word om meer as net die direkte waarde van korrektiewe aksie in te sluit. Die studie het voldoen aan verskeie doelwitte. Daar is bewys dat bestuursaksie 'n wetenskaplike basis het en die uitvoer van hierdie aksies besigheidswaarde toevoeg. As gevolg hiervan kon die besigheid "Close-Out Meetings" in die regte konteks plaas en tot die slotsom kom dat hierdie proses 'n fundamentele drywer van besigheidsukses is. Ten slotte is die teorie oor "Close-Out Meetings" uitgebrei en die resultate het ook die waarde onderskryf wat Nampak uit sy ERP-implementasie gekry het. "Close-Out Meetings" by Nampak Flexible het duidelike meetbare voordele opgelewer wanneer die probleme wat geidentifiseer is gelei het tot korrektiewe aksie. Die waarde was van so 'n aard dat die belangrikheid van "Close-Out Meetings" as 'n komponent van goeie vervaardigingsbestuur in 'n ERP-konteks duidelik bewys is.

Introduction: Performance management is an important driver in most companies today. Companies regard this as the tool to ensure that the people working for them will deliver as per the agreed contract and objectives which were set mutually. This study will reveal the importance of a well managed performance management system and what benefits one will derive from it. Intent: The purpose of this research project is to conduct a critical analysis of the performance management system used by Nampak Research and Development. They have been using a system since 2001 to the present without any changes to the system. The study focused on key areas to ascertain the level of change in the above respect that needs to take place. The study addressed (a) the understanding of performance management, (b) the management attitude towards performance management, (c) staff development, (d) the mentoring system, and (e) the performance appraisal method used. Findings: the main findings were that: (a) loss of management skill due to retirement, (b) staff has a negative attitude towards the performance management system, (c) staff does not trust the system, (d) management is the only group that is positive about the system, (e) there are no staff development strategies and no staff development, (f) ineffective mentoring system, (g) no mentor and mentee relationship, and (h) the performance appraisal method raised concerns in terms of departments not being consistent with the rating scores. Conclusion: the researcher has recommended what needs to be put in place to help the system work. Due to the complexity of the system, the researcher then recommended that a specialist in the field of performance management be approached to resolve the situation.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: World Class Manufacturing (WCM) was first introduced into Nampak in 1990, and since then, there have been three attempts by the organisation to re-implement WCM in the organisation. In the last 23 years, 1990-2013, no formal assessment has been done with regard to evaluating whether the introduction of WCM was effective or not in the organisation, according to the goals and objectives set when the projects were initially implemented. The aim of this research report was to evaluate whether the implementation of WCM was effective in the Nampak Plastic Rigids (PRs) clusters and the study focused on only three operations namely; Nampak Tubes, Closures and Megapak. Secondly, the research aimed to establish what elements were required to successfully implement and sustain WCM in an organisation. Through the research it was established that in order to implement and sustain WCM successfully the following elements are required; strategy alignment, strategy implementation or execution, benchmarking, employee involvement, change management and the correct selection of continuous improvement tools and tactics. The three operations selected in the study were then evaluated against these elements through a survey, in order to gauge their alignment against each element. The research found that none of the three operations met the ideal state of 85 per cent in aligning themselves to the six elements. Nampak Tubes was the only operation that came close to the required ideal level of 85 per cent, as the operation had re-implemented WCM in 2011 and as a result, the operations performance in terms of the selected KPIs was better than that of the other two. However, on average none of the three operations reached the 85 per cent ideal range. This was an indication that the PRs were not aligned to the required six elements in their attempt to implement WCM, and despite the three previous attempts, success had not been achieved. The elements could prove complex as regards their comprehension and implementation as guided by the literature review and research, thus leadership should take careful note of the relationship between all of them. The organisational leadership is responsible for ensuring that the WCM strategy is driven centrally and adopted by all the stakeholders in the organisation, as all the elements require a leadership intervention. World Class Manufacturing is more than a concept or a project; it is a philosophy which should be treated as a way of life, if organisations are to be successful in being competitive.

Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) among Filipino American men is a rarely discussed phenomenon and continues to be an understudied topic. To date, theories and empirical research on CSA disclosures are predominantly based on the experiences of White Euro-centric females and males. In this study, Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyze the narratives of 12 Filipino American men with CSA histories to gain a better understanding of their CSA disclosures. Specifically, this study highlighted factors that have prevented and promoted their CSA disclosures. Overall, results in this study indicated that Filipino American men's CSA disclosures were generally uncomfortable and included notable non-verbal experiences; however, they were very much relieved by their disclosures. Core themes that reflected the barriers to their CSA disclosures included: (a) protecting the family; (b) preserving masculinity; (c) sexual taboos and boundaries; (d) lack of containment for discloser's experience; and (e) lack of intimacy and connection. Core themes that represented the promoters to their CSA disclosures included: (a) having access to intimacy and close relationships; (b) having support, stability, and safety; (c) addressing emotional issues; (d) wanting progress or a better life; and (e) gaining cognitive awareness that they were subjected to CSA. Political and societal, as well as clinical and theoretical implications of findings are discussed.

This work is dedicated to the making and research of smarthouse control systems. The main problem in such systems is that there are many subsystems in the living house that we have to control in real time. Following tasks were completed in order to tackle this problem:  in-house processes analysis;  formal modeling methods analysis;  composition of control system model;  control system model verification. Petri nets were chosen as formal modeling method for control system. Control system model was created using timed Petri nets (TPN). Models of functional elements and control system model was simulated using Matlab software. Following conclusions were made after model research:  models of functional elements operated correctly;  models of functional elements can be used for systems with specific requirements;  control system model dispensed time for functional elements properly;  composed model can be easily changed and expanded;  composed model will be implemented and used in “Structural Solutions and Functionality Optimization of Dwelling Houses” project.

Magistro baigiamajame darbe išanalizuota ir įvertinta „Šv. Juozapo globos namų“ vidaus ir išorės aplinkos veiksnių kompleksinė įtaka, identifikuotos probleminės sritys ir tuo remiantis sudaromos prielaidos organizacijos strategijos formavimui bei strateginio plano rengimui. Pirmoje darbo dalyje teoriniu aspektu apibrėžiamos socialinės globos paslaugos, strateginio planavimo teoriniai aspektai ir socialinių globos paslaugų kokybės vertinimo ypatumai apžvelgiant paslaugų kokybės vertinimo modelius bei užsienio valstybių empirinius tyrimus. Antroje dalyje, remiantis tam tikrais metodais (Porter 5 jėgos, PEST, 7 - S, SSGG), atliekama „Šv. Juozapo globos namų“ strateginė analizė. Trečioje darbo dalyje pateikiama „Šv. Juozapo globos namų“ socialinės globos paslaugų kokybės empirinio tyrimo metodika bei organizavimas ir rezultatų analizė. Tyrimo tikslas - palyginti socialines paslaugas į namus gaunančių asmenų bei jų artimųjų ir globos įstaigoje gyvenančių asmenų bei jų artimųjų požiūrį į jiems teikiamų paslaugų kokybę bei identifikuoti kokybės kriterijus, darančius didžiausią įtaką bendram kokybės įvertinimui. Atsižvelgiant į strateginės analizės rezultatus pateikiami siūlymai organizacijos veiklos tobulinimui.
This Master's thesis analyzes and evaluates St. Joseph's Care Home’s internal and external environmental factors’ complex influence, identifies problematic areas and leads to the preconditions for organization's strategy formulation and preparation of strategic plan. The first part of the thesis defines the theoretical terms of social care services, strategic planning in theory and the peculiarities of social care services quality assessment by reviewing service quality evaluation models and empirical studies from foreign countries. The strategic analysis of St. Joseph's Care Home is performed in the second part of this thesis basing on certain techniques (Porter's five forces, PEST, 7 – S, SWOT). The third part of the thesis provides the methodology of St. Joseph's Care Home empirical research on social care service quality, organization and analysis of the results. The aimof the research is to compare the attitudes on services quality of individuals and their family members, who receive social services athomeand the ones living in carehome; also to identify the quality criteria that havethe greatestimpact on the general qualityassessment. Based on the results of strategic analysis the suggestions on how to improve organization’s performance are provided.

Thesis (MTech (Nature Conservation))--Cape Technikon, 2003.
The study was carried out on two adjacent farms on the plains of the Nama Karoo near Beaufort West. The impacts of three grazing treatments (a) zero grazing (b) non-selective grazing (c) conventional grazing, on plant diversity and certain vegetation parameters were compared. Unpredictable and variable rainfall and major disturbance events such as droughts drive vegetation change in the Nama Karoo. Major recruitment events are rare and can determine Karoo vegetation composition for many years. The diversity of plant species plays an important role in determining vegetation composition during major recruitment events and following drought or disturbance such as grazing. Grazing can influence the composition, abundance and seed production of Karoo plants and in so doing influence the future abundance of desirable and undesirable forage species. These changes may only become evident over long periods, but small changes in vegetation as a response to grazing treatment can accumulate considerably over time.On the farm Elandsfontein, studies have shown that non-selective grazing leads to a higher plant turnover rate, resulting in more vigorous and productive plants, and improved ecosystem functioning. However there is no evidence of this grazing system promoting or reducing plant diversity. The aim of this study was to test whether the non-selective grazing system promoted or reduced plant diversity compared to no grazing and conventional grazing. The hypothesis was that there were no differences between the grazing treatments in terms of plant diversity or any of the vegetation parameters measured. To evaluate this hypothesis, plant data were collected from the three grazing treatments using the Modified-Whittaker vegetation sampling method. The method was further modified for this study to allow for accurate abundance measurements rather than estimates, and an increased area for recording species richness. Using various diversity indices that incorporate species richness and the proportional abundance of species, plant diversity values for each treatment were obtained. No differences in terms of plant diversity were found between the treatments. A significant difference between treatments was found in the density of plants, particularly in perennial grasses and shrubs. Canopy cover percentage did not differ for individual species or as total cover between the treatments.

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-74).
Previously undescribed fossils of weakly calcified metazoans were recently discovered in the terminal Proterozoic Nama Group of central and southern Namibia (Grotzinger et al., 1995), in sediments that contain the terminal Proterozoic index fossil Cloudina. The new fossils are closely associated with thrombolites and stromatolites that form laterally continuous biostromes, isolated patch reefs, and isolated pinnacle reefs. Because these fossils are preserved as calcitic void-fill in a calcite matrix, individual specimens cannot be freed by conventional techniques. Rocks containing the fossils are ground and digitally photographed at thickness intervals of 25 pm. A battery of image processing techniques is used to obtain the contour outlines of the fossils in serial cross sections. A Delaunay triangulation method is then used to reconstruct the morphology from tetrahedral components which connect the contours in adjacent layers. It is found that most of the fossils resemble a single morphology with some well-defined characters that vary slightly among individual specimens. This fossil morphology is described in this thesis as Namacalathus hermanastes. A mathematical description of the morphology is used to obtain a database of randomly-oriented synthetic cross sections. This database reproduces the vast majority of cross sections observed in outcrop. In addition, the most common orientation, the mean size, and other population statistics are measured for Namacalathus fossils within an individual rock sample.
by Wesley Andrés Watters.
S.M.

AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF SUSANNE BÖHM, for the Master of Arts degree in LINGUISTICS, presented on APRIL 12, 2010, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: CLICKS IN XHOSA AND NAMA: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Karen Baertsch ABSTRACT. This study is a comparative analysis of Xhosa and Nama clicks. It contains an acoustic pilot study for which one Nama speaker and one Xhosa speaker were recorded. Differences and similarities in place of articulation and accompaniment were measured between clicks in word-initial position for both languages. Previous studies showed that clicks with the same accompaniment are similar across both languages. For the clicks measured in the study, this was not exclusively the case. Overall, measuring differences and similarities between clicks of the two languages, a larger sample with more speakers is needed, which exceeds the scope of this thesis.

Baigiamajame magistro darbe tiriama skydinių karkasinių gyvenamųjų namų rinka Lietuvoje. Atlikta rinkos struktūros analizė. Išnagrinėta situacija statybos sektoriuje ir aprašyti individualiųjų gyvenamųjų namų tipai. Remiantis įvairiais metodais atlikta įmonių, gaminančių skydinius namus, konkurencinė analizė. Daugiakriteriu metodu nustatyta racionaliai dirbanti įmonė, gaminanti skydinius namus. Anketiniu tyrimu išsiaiškintas visuomenės supratimas ir nuomonė apie skydinę karkasinę statybą. Ištyrus skydinių karkasinių gyvenamųjų namų rinką Lietuvoje, pateiktos baigiamojo darbo išvados. Darbą sudaro 8 dalys: Įvadas; Rinkos struktūros teorinė analizė; Statybos sektoriaus apžvalga; Individualiųjų gyvenamųjų namų Lietuvoje apžvalga; Gyvenamųjų namų Lietuvoje rinkos tyrimas; Medinių skydinių karkasinių gyvenamųjų namų rinkos tyrimas Lietuvoje; Išvados; Literatūros sąrašas. Darbo apimtis – 79 p. teksto be priedų, 32 paveikslai, 12 lentelių, 66 bibliografiniai šaltiniai.
In the final master’s work the market of living panel frame houses in Lithuania is being studied. Analysis of market structure was done. The situation of construction sector was analyzed and types of individual living houses were described. Referring to various methods the concurrency analysis of panel houses manufacturing companies was done. The multi-criteria method established rationally working company in this sector. The questioner research discovered understanding and opinions of society about panel frame construction. After the research of panel frame living houses market in Lithuania had been done, the conclusions of final work were made. The work includes 8 parts: Introduction; Analysis of market structure; Survey of construction sector; Review of individual living houses in Lithuania; Market research of living houses in Lithuania; Market research of wooden panel frame living houses in Lithuania; Conclusions; List of literature. Volume of work – 79 pages of text excluding enclosures, 32 pictures, 12 tables, 66 bibliography sources.

Kiekvienas daiktas naudojamas kasdienybėje, šaldytuvas, mobilus telefonas, skalbimo mašina, šviesos intensyvumo valdymo sistema ir kiti įrenginiai gerinantys žmogaus gyvenimo lygį gali būti sumaniaisiais įrenginiais. Daugeliu atveju minėti objektai turi galimybę komunikuoti, kad kartu atliktų paslaugas jų vartotojams. Šiuo metu sumanių įrenginių daugėja, tuo pačiu platėja ir protinga aplinka, yra problematiška suvaldyti jų plėtrą. Šiuo metu nėra jokio standartizuoto architektūrinio metodo kurio pagalba būtų galima kurti sumanius įrenginius ir juos pritaikyti prie protingos aplinkos. Kad sukurti tokį įrenginį aprašėme iš ko jis turi būti sudarytas. Šis darbas identifikuoja sumanaus įrenginio privalomas detales ir kaip kiekviena detalė komunikuoja. Pagrindinis šio darbo tikslas buvo sukurti metodą, pagrystą KAOS ir DoDAF metodikomis, kuris nurodo kaip kurti naujus sumanius įrenginius ir nurodo kaip sumanūs įrenginiai bendrauja protingoje aplinkoje. Šiame tyrime buvo nustatytas modelis standartizuotų sumanių įrenginių gamybai, šis modelis buvo ištestuotas naudojant realius duomenis ir buvo pasiūlyta prototipinė realizacijos aplinka.
A smart space environment is characterized by the presence of intelligence in everyday objects (such as fridges, cars, lightening systems etc). In many cases mentioned objects are capable of communicating in order to jointly delivery a service to the user. As the presence of intelligent in smart devices increase, the smart environment can become increasing chaotic and difficult to manage. Yet there is no standardized architectural model capable of modelling the smart environment and smart devices. In order to model smart device, must understand what this device is composed of. This paper will attempt to identify what a smart device is composed of and how identificated components comunicate each other. The point of this work is to create model based on DoDAF and KAOS models, which helps to create new smart devices step by step and helps integrate them in smart space environment. In this research was discovered model which helps to create standartized smart devices. Created model was tested with real data and was suggested realization prototype.

Personal and psychosocial problems of the teenagers living in the house of wardship, the opportunities oh their prevention and correction are discussed in this paper. A lot of scientific literature analysis is presented in it. You can also get acquainted with the formation of inner harmony in childhood and adolescence too. The peculiarities of teenagers` communication with contemporaries and adults as well as teenagers` psychological peculiarities and problems of social development are discussed there. The fields of activities of heads, teachers and nurses of training institutions, having connection with teenagers living in the houses of wardship, are analysed in the writing. There are also revealed qualitatively new and important spheres of activities, in which you can improve training work, while working with teenagers from the home of wardship in the gymnasium, basic school and home of wardship itself, solving their psychosocial problems. The research was done in 2004. The experimental group was organized from 30 teenagers from the house of wardship as well as similar control groups contemporaries of which live in their parent’s houses. Two methods were used, for questioning. The first method was devoted to reveal the personality of a teenager and psychosocial problems. The second method was devoted to the heads of the training institution and teachers. The research analysis proved to show that the teenagers of the houses of wardship are characteristic of specific problems... [to full text]

SANTRAUKA Pagrindinis šio darbo ir tyrimo tikslas – remiantis subjektyvia biologinių motinų nuomone, ištirti vaikų patekimo į kūdikių namus priežastis.Tyrimo metu stengtasi pažvelgti giliau ir paanalizuoti tėvų požiūrį ne tik į vaikų patekimo į kūdikių namus priežastis, bet ir į kitus dalykus, tokius kaip pačių motinų vaikystės išgyvenimai, galimos sąsajos tarp motinų santykių su tėvais ir jų pačių santykių su savais vaikais, požiūrį į išsilavinimą, darbą, pastangas kabintis į gyvenimą ir keisti esamą situaciją. Iškelti tokie tyrimo uždaviniai: ištirti motinų požiūrį į vaiko patekimo į kūdikių namus aplinkybes; palyginti motinų pateiktas vaikų patekimo į kūdikių namus priežastis su duomenimis iš vaikų bylų; ištirti, kokius jausmus išgyvena motinos, vaikams pakliuvus į kūdikių namus; išanalizuoti, ar tiriamų motinų tėvų šeimos modelis galėjo turėti įtakos motinoms vaiko palikimui kūdikių namuose; ištirti motinų požiūrį į dabartinę gyvenimo situaciją ir planus ateičiai. Tyrimo duomenys gauti dviem anketavimo būdais: 1) pagal informaciją, sukauptą vaiko asmens byloje, užpildyta anketa, 2) anketa, skirta vaikų, augančių kūdikių namuose, tėvams. Tyrime dalyvavo 20 kūdikių namų auklėtinių mamų, oficialiems duomenims gauti išanalizuotos 100 vaikų bylos. Visa medžiaga surinkta Vilniaus apskrities sutrikusio vystymosi kūdikių namuose. Tyrimo metu paaiškėjo pagrindinės vaikų patekimo į globos institucijas priežastys – tėvų girtavimas bei tėvystės įgūdžių stoka ir vaikų nepriežiūra... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The main objective of this Master Thesis and research is to analyse the reasons of settling children into a residence for infants basing on subjective opinions of their biological mothers. During the research the author tried to make a deeper insight into the problem and analyse the parents‘ attitude towards not only the reasons of settling their children into a residence for infants, but also other issues, such as their mothers‘ childhood experience, possible links between mothers‘ relationship with their parents and their own children, their attitude towards education, work, efforts to survive in life and possible changing of the present situation. The Thesis raises the following goals of research: to analyse mothers‘ attitude towards the circumstances of settling their children into a care institution; compare the reasons supplied by mothers with the data taken from the children‘s files; determine what feelings mothers have when their children are settled in a residence for infants; analyse if the parents‘ family model of the women under research could have influence on these mothers leaving their children in a residence for infants; investigate mothers‘ attitude towards their present life situation and future plans. The data of the research were obtained by two survey methods: 1) according to the information accumulated in children‘s personal files and a filled in questionnaire, 2) a questionnaire directed towards the parents of the children brought up in the residence... [to full text]

Tema: Kūdikių namų vaikų psichomotorinės, kognityvios ir socialinės raidos ypatumai Globos institucijose augančių vaikų psichomotorinės raidos vystymosi ypatumai yra viena svarbiausių tyrinėjamų sričių. Visais laikais buvo aktuali vaikų, neturinčių galimybių augti biologinėje šeimoje, problema. Kūdikių namuose labai sunku gyvenimo sąlygas priartinti prie šeimos modelio, todėl vaikas augdamas globos institucijoje nuo pirmųjų gyvenimo dienų patiria didelį emocijų ir stimulų trūkumą – tai neigiamai veikia jo psichomotorinę raidą. Norint pagerinti kūdikių namuose augančių vaikų gyvenimo kokybę, svarbu ištirti šių auklėtinių psichomotorinius, kognityvinius ir socialinius raidos ypatumus, kuo anksčiau atpažinti vaikus, turinčius raidos problemų ir tokiu būdu užtikrinti jam savalaikę pagalbą. Tyrime nustatomi kūdikių namų vaikų psichomotorinės raidos vystymosi ypatumai, priklausomai nuo pedagoginio poveikio, lyties ir gimdymo traumos. Šio darbo tikslas yra ištirti DISC (Diagnostic Inventory For Screening Children, 1998 m - vaiko raidos vertinimo skalių metodika) metodu kūdikių namų vaikų psichomotorinės, kognityvinės ir socialinės raidos ypatumus. Tyrime dalyvavo Vilniaus apskrities sutrikusio vystymosi kūdikių namų 30 ankstyvojo amžiaus (24-36 mėn.) vaikai. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad pedagoginis poveikis neturėjo didelės reikšmės psichomotoriniam vystymuisi (išskyrus savarankiškumo poskalę). Berniukų ir mergaičių psichomotorikos raida šiame amžiaus (24-36 mėn.) etape nesiskiria... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Theme: Peculiarities of Psychomotor, Cognitive and Social Development of Infant Home Children Peculiarities of psychomotor development of children which are living in sheltered housing are one of the most important exploration ranges. Children without any chance to grow in biologic family were the topical problem at all times before. It is complicated to approach life conditions of the sheltered housing to the normal family model, consequently the child who has grown in sheltered housing from the first days of his life could feel the huge lack of emotions and incentives – all those things could do negative influence on his psychomotor development. On purpose to reform the quality of children’s which are living in sheltered housing life, it’s important to explore the children’s psychomotor, cognitive and social development peculiarities, for the more it’s important to recognize as sooner as possible the child which has problems of development – it could help him to vouchsafe the first help. There were defined sheltered housing children’s psychomotor development peculiarities which depended on pedagogical influence, sex and injury of childbearing in this research work. The main point of work is to explore sheltered housing children’s psychomotor, cognitive and social development peculiarities on DISC (Diagnostic Inventory For Screening Children, 1998) method. There were 30 exploratory (early ages (24-36 months) children) from sheltered housing in research work. The main results... [to full text]

In the last decade, community multimedia centres (centres integrating computers with other technologies such as community radio) have been established in developing countries by governments, development organisations and NGOs. It is often argued that these need greater "community participation" in order to be locally relevant and sustainable. Yet, this research argues there is insufficient discussion on what constitutes community, and how processes of participation occur in these initiatives. The key research questions of this thesis ask: what is meant by community participation here? What is meant by a "community"? How does a community "participate"? The thesis also reviews telecentres and community radio as components of CMCs. The research begins by briefly reviewing the democratic principles of participation and debates on its process and value in information systems, development and community media. These discussions are then applied to assumptions in CMCs, telecentres and community radio: the notion of a holistic community or definitive "local culture", the idea that stakeholders can be identified, that participation is directly empowering or disempowering, and that the intermediary simply channels equitable participation. Instead, this thesis applies three middle range theories- the influence of social networks, Erving Gottman's performance and Judith Butler's performativity - to argue that participation is not only heavily influenced by the networks actors belong to, but that as these networks are cognitive, community, participation, and community participation are constructs which are performed in multiple, dynamic ways. Thereby, community and participation are not easily and objectively defined, but constantly performed by actors linguistically and spatially to justify their practices. This argument is made using an interpretive case study of the UNESCO supported Namma Dhwani CMC in the Indian village of Budhikote, researched principally over six months in 2006. Narrative analysis in particular illustrates the fluid ontology of actors when discussing community and participation. Policy implications include the need for deeper understandings of the communicative ecologies of community media sites, e.g., by using ethnographic action research.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Nampak is the industry leader in the paper and packaging industry. There are over 20 divisions which fall under the Nampak banner, supplying a diverse range of primarily packaging material, from plastic carrier bags to glass bottles. A few years ago top management realised the need to move the Nampak group into the realm of world class. This paradigm shift required a substantial education and training initiative, and so the Nampak "Colleges" were created to support and underpin the World Class Manufacturing & Services ethic that each and every division would adhere to. All Nampak training interventions or processes are based on experiential learning. Candidates are introduced to concepts and theory, given opportunities to analyse case studies, conduct plant-level audits and give feedback to the general managers of the plants. In addition each delegate is given a project to be completed in the work place. The aim of this research is to assess the effectiveness of the Nampak WCM&S College 5 using an evaluation framework. The literature was reviewed in order to: • develop an evaluation framework; • establish an evaluation process; • facilitate the construction of a relevant test format. The test instrument was designed based on the principles of test construction and Kirkpatrick's model for evaluation. Data was collected for pre and post-tests for phase 2 and phase 3, analysed using descriptive statistics and reported on at the beginning at each phase as well as at the Trade Show. The evaluation results proved to be very positive and the evaluation process was incorporated into the design of all future College interventions.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Nampak is die nywerheidsleier in die papier en verpakkingsbedryf. Daar is meer as 20 afdelings wat deel van Nampak uitmaak wat 'n diverse omvang van hoofsaaklik verpakkingsmateriaal verskaf, insluitend plastiek draagsakke en glas bottels. 'n Paar jaar terug het hoofbestuur besef dat Nampak tot wêreldklas status moet aandryf. Hierdie paradigma verandering het 'n aansienlike opvoedings- en opleidings-fokus benodig en die Nampak "Colleges" is geskep om die "WCM&S" etiek te ondersteun wat elke afdeling by sou bly. Alle Nampak opleiding tussenkomstes of prosesse word gebasseer op experiential geleerdheid. Kandidate word aan konsepte en teorieë voorgestel word geleenthede gegee om gevalstudies te analiseer, fabriek oudite te doen en terugverslag te gee aan die algemene bestuurders van die fabrieke. Elke afgevaardigde word ook 'n projek gegee om by die werk te voltooi. Die doel van hierdie navorsing is om die doeltreffendheid van die Nampak WCM&S College 5 te evalueer deur middel van 'n evalueeringsraamwerk. Die leesstof was hersien om 'n evalueerings raamwerk te ontwikkel; 'n evalueerings proses te vestig; die konstruksie van 'n toepassende toetsformaat aan te help. Die toets-instrument was ontwerp gebaseer op die beginsels van toets konstruksie en die Kirkpatrick model vir evalueering. Data is bymekaar gemaak vir voor- en na-toetse vir fases 2 en 3, geanaliseer deur middel van beskrywende statistieke en daar is verslag daarop gedoen by die begin van elke fase asook by die Handeisskou. Die evalueering resultate was baie positief en die evalueerings proses is saamgebring by die ontwerp van alle toekomende College tussenkomstes.

Didėjant šiluminės energijos ir kuro sąnaudoms, jų taupymas darosi aktualus daugeliui vartotojų. Vis daugiau žmonių domisi energijos taupymo priemonėmis gyvenamuose namuose. Ne tik privačių namų, bet ir privatizuotų butų savininkai daugiabučiuose namuose besikurdami į bendriją, imasi konkrečių veiksmų pastatų šilumos nuostoliams mažinti. Jiems svarbi ne tik finansinė parama, bet ir techninė bei informacinė pagalba. Energijos suvartojimas pastatams šildyti priklauso nuo šalies klimato ypatumų, energetinių resursų įsigijimo galimybių ir kainų, statybos tradicijų ir aplinkosaugos reikalavimų. Energetinių sąnaudų mažinimas gyvenamiesiems pastatams šildyti svarbus ne tik ekonominiu, bet ir ekologiniu požiūriu. Namų modernizavimas pagerina gyvenimo komforto parametrus. Pastato modernizacijos tikslas – padaryti pastatą ekonomiškesnį, komfortiškesnį ir taip pailginti jo eksplotacijos laiką bei padidinti vertę. Šiame darbe pateikiami duomenys apie pastatų atitvarinių konstrukcijų defektus, jų įvertinimo būdus, pastatų šiluminės modernizacijos technologijas ir ekonominę naudą, tyrimų metodus, pastatų konstrukcijose vykstančius šilumos ir masės mainų procesus, įvertinus jų poveikį pastatui. Darbą suraro 97 puslapiai, 55 paveikslai, 11 lentelių, 43 literatūros šaltiniai, priedai.
With the increase of thermal energy and fuel costs, saving is becoming an important issue for many consumers. More and more people are taking an interest in energy – saving measures in their living quarters. Not only owners of private houses but private flat owners in a multi-storey block of flats when setting up a society/community tend to take concrete action to reduce heat losses. They take an interest not only in posssible financial support but also in technical and information assistance. The energy consumption for heating buildings depends on the specific factors of a given country, the possibilities of acquiring energy resources and its price, the building traditions and environmental requirements. Reducing energy costs for heating residential buildings is an important economical and environmental issue. Modernizing houses improves life quality standards. The aim of modernising a building – to make the building more economically efficient, more comfortable and to prolong its lifecycle also to increase its value. This paper presents data on box construction building defects, their assessment methods, thermal modernizing technology and economic benefits, research methods, the heat and mass exchange processes occurring in building constructions, having assessed their impact on the building. Thesis consist of: 97 p. text, 55 pictures, 11 tables, 43 bibliographical entries, references.

The growth of children who are given to the state care, forces us to dwell on their further destiny. It seems that the state children care system is still considered the only way of solving the problem, without taking into consideration the individuality of each situation. Children who get into children institutions lose family warmth and care, but every child should have these rights. A lot of socially and pedagogically abandoned children get into foster care institutions. Organizing the work in foster care institutions it is important to pay a special attention to children and adults communication, in solving different children’s problems. The staff of foster care institutions is an organizer of life in these institutions, on whom a lot of things depend, such as children attitude towards themselves and others, feelings and beliefs, values and ideals, character traits and behavior, preparation for independent life, positive communication with peers and adults. The educator organizing the whole work seeks for the harmony of inner and social life. Correctly chosen way of communication with children, based on good will, understanding and respect will help educators to solve a lot of problems connected with children. Education in foster care institutions where relationships between children and adults are positive may be similar to the education at home. The data of the research revealed that the educators of foster care... [to full text]

The first cut batter failures along the Queens Road, Viti Levu occurred in 1979 following a prolonged high precipitation event. This has continued to occur through to 2009 and this thesis research is centred on understanding the mechanisms of recurring cut batter failures occurring at Namuka i lau and Wainigasau. The Namuka i lau and Wainigasau cut batters are cut into highly weathered polymict conglomerates belonging to the Veisari Sandstone. Each site comprises three benches at approximately 9 m in height. The Namuka i lau benches are 1 m wide with 50ºslope faces and the Wainigasau benches are 3 m wide with 60ºslope faces. Field investigations revealed previous landslide activity at the Namuka i lau site in contrast to the Wainigasau site which showed a lack of evidence of previous landslide activity. XRD analysis determined the clast and matrix material to be composed of quartz, hematite and kaolinite with quartz compositions ranging from 65% - 100%, hematite compositions from 1% - 25% and kaolinite composition percentages ranging between 1% and 25%. Other laboratory studies determined the material to have a high water content (Namuka i lau – 47.2% and Wainigasau – 44.9%), low unit weight (Namuka i lau – 14.5 kN/m³ and Wainigasau – 15.8 kN/m³), low permeability (K for Namuka i lau – 2.78 x 10⁻⁷m/s and Wainigasau – 6.66 x 10⁻⁷m/s), high plasticity, low cohesion (cr = 3.9 kPa) and a residual friction angle of 15.0 º. Factors of safety calculated for the cut batters are low (FS = 0.4) due to the low values of cohesion and friction angles used in the modelling process. Sensitivity analysis determined that the highest factors of safety were achieved when both the cohesion value was increased to 20 kPa and the friction angle increased to 30º using the Bishop Simplified Method of slope stability analysis for Wainigasau (FS = 1.28) and Namuka i lau (FS = 1.23).

Das Verständnis der Nächstenliebe, wie sie im Neuen Testament entfaltet wird, hatte seit jeher größten Einfluss auf die konkrete Umsetzung der Inhalte christlich-sozialer Bewegungen. Sie wird begründet als eine christliche Pflicht, Berufung und Verehrung Gottes. Die Gesellschaft des 19. Jahrhundert nahm die Verbreitung der Ideen von planmäßiger Arbeit geistig und physisch behinderter Menschen, mit Verkündigung des Evangeliums und unter Ausdruck der Hilfe in christlicher Liebe (Innere Mission), also im heutigen Sinne sozialer Tätigkeiten, als Zuständigkeitsbereich religiöser Organisationen wahr. Die sozialen Prinzipien der christlichen Kirchen, die in theologisch begründeten Werten, theologisch-humanitären Motivationen und zielgerichteter Orientierung verwurzelt sind, konnten ob ihrer Normativität auch in staatlichen Institutionen angewandt werden. Ein an geistigen Werten orientiertes Management hat über die Effektivität der christlichen sozialen Organisationen entschieden. Die wichtigste Funktion eines Sozialverbandes besteht im Aufbau einer Verbindung zwischen dem Menschen, der sich in einer schwierigen Situation befindet, und den ihn umgebenden gesellschaftlichen Strukturen. Die religiösen Gemeinschaften in Litauen führen oft auch ohne als regelrechte soziale Dienste institutionalisiert worden zu sein, soziale Tätigkeiten als Teil anders gewichteter Programme durch. Noch bis zum Zweiten Weltkrieg hatten unterschiedliche gesellschaftliche und religiöse Organisationen sehr... [to full text]

Sukurtas interjeras keturių aukštų name Londono centre - tai tarsi harmonija tarp seno ir naujo. Šis pastatas - klasikinis Viktorijos laikų XIX amžiaus pradžioje statytas šeimos namas su autentiška architektūra bei apdaila. Šis namas yra istorinis paveldas, priklausantis antro žymėjimo pastatų grupei, kuri reiškia, kad pastatui galima keisti tik interjerą, o eksterjerą privaloma išlaikyti tą patį, t.y. interjere sienos gali būti griaunamos, tačiau langai privalo būti nepakeisti. Esamo pastato interjere vyrauja mažos, siauros erdvės , būdingos Viktorijos laikų architektūrai. Kambariai aukšti - sienų aukštis sudaro tris metrus. Viso projektuojamo pastato kvadratūra yra 200 kv.m. Konversijos metu, keičiant individualaus gyvenamojo namo interjerą, siekiama sukurti racionalią funkcinę schemą. Žmonės privalo jaustis patogiai judėdami tiek vertikalia, tiek horizontalia kryptimi. Taip pat interjeras turi atitikti estetinę, grožinę funkciją. Pirmame aukšte pro pagrindinį įėjimą galima patekti į visas projektuojamas zonas. Kadangi visą namą sudaro keturi aukštai, nutarta kiekvieną aukštą pritaikyti vis skirtingai funkcijai, t.y. išskiriamos keturios pagrindinės zonos: valgomojo, svetainės, svečių zona ir savininko privati zona - miegamasis. Kruopščiai išanalizavus erdvę projektuojami nauji baldai: parenkami lengvi ir praktiški. Interjeras įgyja aiškias linijas, erdvė – lengva ir švari. Dominuoja balta spalva, kuri sukuria jaukią atmosferą namuose: ji elegantiška, subtili, rafinuota... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Designed interior of a four-storey building in central London - it is like a harmony between the old and new. This building - a classic Victorian built in the nineteenth century, the family home with original architecture and decoration. This house is a historical heritage that belongs to the second group of buildings, designation, which means that the building can only change the interior and exterior must maintain the same level, in interior walls can be ruined, but the windows must be viewed. Existing building interior dominated by small, narrow space, characterized by Victorian architecture. High rooms - wall height of three meters. Total projected of the building is 200 sq.m. Conversion, changing the interior of the individual house, to create a rational functional scheme. People need to feel comfortable moving both vertically and horizontally. As well as interior to meet the aesthetic, fiction feature. On the ground floor through the main entrance is possible to get to all the projected areas. As a full house of four floors, each floor was decided to adapt in a different function, distinguished four main areas: the dining room, living room, guest area, and the private area of the owner - bedroom. After careful examination of the design of new space, furniture selection easy and practical. The interior becomes clear lines of space - easy and clean. Dominated by white, which creates a comfortable atmosphere at home: it is elegant, graceful, refined. So delicately refined... [to full text]

This mixed methods study aims at evaluating the transformative potential of Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs). Earlier studies on the subject have outlined a lack of clarity both on the concept of NAMAs and on how developing countries will use it in their climate actions and thus its ability to contribute to transformational change. The mixed method approach used was: quantitative content analysis of Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) from developing countries referring to NAMAs combined with qualitative thematic analysis of NAMA proposals from eight selected countries. An explanatory sequential design was used which means that the first quantitative phase aimed at giving an initial understanding of NAMAs transformative potential. The purpose with the second phase, the qualitative analysis was then to deepen that understanding, by applying transformation theories. The two phases of analysis was integrated in the discussion section to get a more complete picture of the transformative potential. The result shows that the intent with NAMAs in the INDC consists of great uncertainties. A variety of NAMA designs was found in both phases of the study. In all of the eight more closely studied countries elements of transformation could be identified, which indicates that NAMAs could be designed to have transformative potential.

The food-borne pathogene Listeria monocytogenes has been considered a significant threat to human health worldwide. It mainly infects individuals suffering insuffecint immunity such as pregnant women. During pregnancy, L. monocytogenes is capable of causing a serious damage to the mother and the fetus. It can spread to different organs including the placenta via adaptation to interacellular lifestyle. To maintain pregnancy, the levels of the hormones progesterone and β-estradiol increase and reduction in hormone levels was proposed to be associated with fetal death and abortion. The objectives of this project therefore were to investigate the role of pregnancy hormones on the growth and virulence of L. monocytogenes, and to identify bacterial genes with possible roles in binding to pregnancy hormones. It was obsereved that the growth of L. monocytogenes in the presence of progesterone under anaerobic condition was affected by the action of the hormone and the effect was dose/time-dependent of exposure as increasing concentrations showed greater effect on the bacterial growth. Interestingly, bacterial growth was restored within 24 h of exposure to the hormone. In parallel, a Tn917-LTV3 insertion library was constructed and a number of mutants isolated that had reduced growth in the presence of β-estradiol were identified. However, reduction in growth was not microbiologically significant. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify listerial genes with possible role in hormones degradation. It was observed that L. monocytogenes encodes for a protein that is possibly involved in steroid degradation; therefore, gene expression and a clear-deletion mutant were performed to test this hypothesis. This revealed no significant role of this protein in the growth restoration observed in the presence of progesterone. Also, the deleted gene was investigated of its ability to reduce NADPH in the presence of a possible substrate (progesterone, β-estradiol). This showed that this gene could possess an enzymatic activity toward pregnancy hormones. An attempt to purify this protein for further investigation was performed and protein expression in a soluble form was unsuccessful. The findings presented in this thesis represent an important view when considering the relation between pregnancy hormones and L. monocytogenes; however, further investigations of hormone-degrading proteins from L. monocytogenes are needed. This knowledge may form the basis of a therapy to protect pregnant individuals.

This thesis explores the legacy of the Herero-Nama genocide that occurred in 1904 to 1908 by examining the descendant’s narrative in contrast to the preeminent state narrative. I investigate both these narratives from the emic perspective of the Herero people in Namibia, who today are a minority group. By following the narrative, I discover the fundamental emplotments and multidimensionality in the genocide narrative imperative which are tribal democracy, nationhood and ancestral land. My informants imply that the genocide is a neglected and buried memory in contemporary Namibia, and I apply theoretical concepts such as Werbner’s immediate memory and anti-memory, but also Trouillot’s notion of silencing to understand in what way the state narrative is being amplified by the ruling government, subsequently silencing the genocide. At the same time, I also want to see how the genocide narrative is being maintained in a milieu of silencing forces. The genocide is still a sensitive topic among the descendants who feel that the dignity of their ancestors has been tarnished throughout the 20th century. In Herero religion ancestor spirits hold an utterly pivotal role as mediators between the living and god.

Šio darbo tikslas - ištirti vaikų globos namuose užaugusių jaunuolių pasirengimo savarankiškam gyvenimui ypatumus. Magistrinio darbo autorė teorinėje dalyje pristatė žymių pedagogų ir psichologų darbų idėjas apie šeimos įtaką vaiko socializacijos raidai ir peržvelgė Lietuvoje atliktus tyrimus vaikų socialinės globos srityje. Teorinėje dalyje palyginta užsienio šalių (Didžiosios Britanijos, Australijos, JAV) ir Lietuvos įstatyminė bazė bei praktinė patirtis, išleidžiant vaikų globos namuose užaugusius vaikus į savarankišką gyvenimą. Darbe akcentuojama, kad pats globos steigimo faktas ir vaiko patalpinimas į globos įstaigą yra didžiausias rizikos veiksnys šiam vaikui sėkmingai integruotis į visuomenę, kuris pasireiškia per ugdymo metodikos bei aplinkos globos namuose ypatumus, emocinę globotinių būseną. Kokybinio tyrimo bei interviu rezultatai ir jų analizė iš dalies patvirtino hipotezę, kad vaikų globos namuose užaugę jaunuoliai, sunkiau adaptuojasi visuomenėje. Nesaugumas, neaiški ateitis, užgriuvę buitiniai rūpesčiai, per aukštas ar per žemas savęs vertinimas – veiksniai, lemiantys tų jaunuolių sunkesnę savarankiško gyvenimo pradžią. Magistrinio darbo išvadose autorė pažymėjo, kad Lietuvoje nėra pakankamai išplėtota specializuotų pagalbos ir paramos paslaugų sistema jaunuoliams, kurie pradeda savarankišką gyvenimą, trūksta bendruomeninių paslaugų šiai vienai iš labiausiai pažeidžiamų visuomenės grupių. Taip pat pažymėta, kad globos įstaiga negali sudaryti tokių ugdymo sąlygų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The present paper attempts to investigate to what extend children grown up in children’s houses are prepared for the time when they will no longer be looked after. In the theoretical part of her research the author gives a brief overview of several studies made by famous educators and psychologists that examine how family environment influences children’s social development. In addition to this, the author presents Lithuanian studies in the field of children social care research. The first sections are addressed to comparison of foreign (Great Britain, Ireland, the USA) and Lithuanian legislation systems and current practices, which are used to support young people when they leave children’s houses and start new independent lives. The author emphasizes that the main risk factors for having difficulties in successful integration into the society start with the housing children into orphanages and abandoned children houses, where living environment, educational methods and emotional conditions are specific. The hypothesis that young people grown up in orphanages and abandoned children’s houses have difficulties in adaptation in the society has partially been proved by the quality research, the results of the interview and their analysis. The main factors, which influence the difficulties for young people to start an independent life, are insecurity, worries regarding the present daily life problems and the future, and too low or too high self-esteem. Drawing conclusions the... [to full text]

Dauguma mūsų vienaip ar kitaip stengiamės padaryti, kad mus supanti aplinka taptų patogesnė ir jaukesnė. Tokia aplinka neįsivaizduojama be želdinių. Šio bakalauro darbo tyrimo objektas yra gyvatvorės, jų asortimentas, urbanizuotose Šiaulių miesto mikrorajonuose. Tai vienas iš želdinių tipų, kuriuos kuriame pagal savo poreikius, norint sukurti vieningą sklypų, teritorijų, aikščių sistemą, besijungiančią į vieną visumą. Bakalauro darbo tikslas – nustatyti gyvatvorių įvairovę, Šiaulių miesto daugiabučių namų kiemuose. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Pateikti literatūros analizę apie gyvatvorių tipus, funkcijas, bei jose auginamus augalus; 2. Nustatyti gyvatvorių augalų rūšis, auginamas Šiaulių miesto daugiabučių namų kiemuose; 3. Nustatyti gyvatvorių tipus, aukščius, bei formas; 4. Įvertinti augalų, auginamų gyvatvorėse, būklę. Pasirinktos tyrimo vietos – Šiaulių miesto daugiabučių namų mikrorajonai: Dainų mikrorajonas, Lieporių mikrorajonas, Centro mikrorajonas. Tyrimui atlikti vadovautasi duomenų rinkimo metodu, faktine analize, faktų konstatavimais, duomenų nagrinėjimu. Tyrimas buvo atliktas 2009 m. Liepos mėn. – spalio mėn. laikotarpiu. Iš 3 pasirinktų tyrimo vietų (Dainų mikrorajono, Lieporių mikrorajono, Centro mikrorajono) iš viso buvo tiriami 94 daugiabučiai gyvenamieji namai. 35 - Dainų mikrorajono, 35 – Lieporių mikrorajono, 24 – Centro mikrorajono. Iš 94 daugiabučių, gyvatvorės auginamos 65 daugiabučių namų kiemuose. Dainų mikrorajone iš 35, augančios gyvatvorės rastos 16 - oje... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Most of us are somehow trying to make our surroundings more comfortable and cozier. Such an environment can not be imagined without the green. The aim of this thesis is the subject of hedges, their range of urban neighborhoods of the city of Siauliai. This is one of the types of plantations, which, according to their needs, in order to create a single parcel, land, squares system, merging into a single whole. The objective of this thesis - to establish variety of hedges in apartment house courtyards Siauliai. Job tasks: 1. To submit literary analysis of hedge types, functions, and their crops, 2. To set hedge plant species grown in Siauliai city of apartment house courtyards, 3. To identify the types of hedge, height, and form, 4. To evaluate plants grown hedges the state. Selected test sites - in Siauliai city apartment house block: Dainai region, Lieporiai region, the Center region area. The study was guided by a data collection method, the actual analysis of the facts, findings, examining the data. The study was conducted in 2009 July. - October. period. In three selected test sites (region of Dainai, region of Lieporiai, region of Center) in total were examined in 94 apartment houses. 35 – region of Dainai, 35 – region of Lieporiai, 24 – region of Center. Of the 94 blocks, 65 grown hedges of apartment house courtyards. Dainai microdistricts of 35, were found growing hedges 16 - Part of apartment house courtyards, Lieporiai - 35/33 from the Center - 16 from the 24th. An... [to full text]

Šio magistrinio darbo tikslas buvo išsiaiškinti vaikų globos namuose gyvenančių vaikų su normaliu ir sutrikusiu intelektu, vaikų globos namų bendruomenės požiūrį į agresyvų elgesį, jo priežastis bei raiškos ypatumus, išnagrinėti kaip ir kodėl pasireiškia agresija tarp minėtų grupių. Buvo iškeltos Hipotezės:1. Egzistuoja agresijos suvokimo skirtumai: tarp sutrikusio ir normalaus intelekto vaikų gyvenančių globos namuose, jų bendraklasių, juos ugdančių auklėtojų bei mokykloje dirbančių mokytojų .2. Dauguma vaikų globos namų ugdytinių mokosi pagal specialiąsias ugdymo programas, o tai sąlygoja jų žemesnį socialinį statusą, todėl jie jaučiasi lengviau pažeidžiamais ir daug platesnes elgesio apraiškas jų atžvilgiu vadina agresyviomis. 3.Pradinėje ir pagrindinėje mokyklose vaikai iš vaikų globos namų patiria agresiją iš savo bendramokslių, ypač vyresnių moksleivių. 4. Patirdami agresiją mokyklose, vaikų globos namų ugdytiniai tampa patys agresyvesni ir pradeda agresyviai elgtis su kitais vaikais iš globos namų, o ypač jų agresyvumas pasireiškia sutrikusio intelekto vaikų atžvilgiu. Šiame darbe apžvelgiama specialiojo ir integruoto ugdymo sistema ir raida. Pateiktos socialinės-psichologinės mokykloje besimokančių specialiųjų poreikių ir vaikų globos namuose gyvenančių vaikų charakteristikos, .Taip pat apžvelgta Vaikų globos namų sistema ir istorinė raida. Apžvelgiamos kelios svarbios agresijos kilmę aiškinančios teorijos. Išsiaiškinti ir konkretizuoti veiksniai, agresyvumo raiškos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The purpose of this Master’s work was to ascertain attitude of children with mental disability and normal mentality who live in children foster houses, children foster house community’s attitude towards aggressive behavior, its reasons and expression peculiarities, to explore how and why the aggression is expressed between those groups. There were hypothesized some hypothesis: 1. There are some aggression perception differences: between children with mental disability and normal mentality living in children foster houses, their classmates, their housemothers and their school teachers. 2. Most children from children foster houses study under the special education program and this situation leads to lower social status. Consequently, they feel more vulnerable and the wider expression behavior towards them is often called aggression. 3. At Basic and Primary schools children from children foster houses often sustain the aggression from their classmates, especially, from older pupils. 4. To feel aggression at school children from children foster houses became more aggressive with other children in a foster house and, especially, with children having mental disabilities. In this Master’s work there was discussed the special and integrated education development and some special education laws were mentioned too. There were also given the social-psychological character references of children living in children foster houses, the system of the foster house, its... [to full text]

Darbo objektas – delinkventinio elgesio paauglių resocializacija specialiuosiuose auklėjimo ir globos namuose. Darbo tikslas – atlikti nepilnamečių socializacijos veiksnių, resocializacijos sampratos ir jos sistemos, resocializacijos priemonių, taikomų specialiuose vaikų auklėjimo namuose, ypatumų analizę, taip pat ištirti specialiuose vaikų auklėjimo namuose gyvenančių nepilnamečių nuomonę ir požiūrį į taikomas resocializacijos priemones. Darbo uždaviniai – pateikti mokslo literatūros analizę nepilnamečio delinkventinio elgesio sampratos turinio, socialinių veiksnių reikšmės nepilnamečių socializacijos procesui, delinkventinio elgesio nepilnamečių resocializacijos sampratos ir jos sistemos Lietuvoje, taip pat resocializacijos priemonių, taikomų specialiuosiuose auklėjimo ir globos namuose, ypatumų klausimais; ištirti Veliučionių ir Vilniaus specialiuosiuose auklėjimo ir globos namuose esančių nepilnamečių nuomonę ir požiūrį į taikomas resocializacijos priemones, taip pat palyginti berniukų ir mergaičių požiūrį į taikomas resocializacijos priemones. Empirinio tyrimo metodika. Tyrimo duomenys buvo renkami pateikiant tiriamiesiems darbo autorės sudarytą pusiau uždaro tipo anketą. Anketos pagrindiniai klausimai buvo orientuoti į paauglių, esančių specialiuosiuose vaikų auklėjimo ir globos namuose, mokymąsi, laisvalaikį, santykius su šeimos nariais, konfliktų sprendimo būdus, elgesio vertinimą. Tyrime vadovautasi konfidencialumo ir laisvanoriškumo principais. Duomenys apdoroti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The object of this work is the resocialization of teenagers with delinquent behavior in home of special care and education. The purpose of the work is to analyse the socialization factors of teenagers, socialization conception, and system measures and peculiarities of the resocialization process in the home of special care and education. In addition, to analyse the teenagers‘ opinion of the resocialization measures aplicable in the home of special care and education. The tasks of the work are to present the analysis of scientific literature which is related to particular dissection of the teenagers with delinquent behaviour and describes the basic conception of deliquent juvenile behaviour, the impact of social factors on the process of juvenile socialization, the conception of teenagers‘ with deliquent behaviour resocialization and its system functioning in Lithuania, also, to present the measures of resocialization that are taken in the home of special care and education; secondly, to inquire the opinion of the teenagers who live in the home of social care and education of the resocialization measures and compare the differences of the opinion between girls and boys living in the home of social care and education. The research data was gathered by providing respondents with a questionnaire that was prepared by the author and was of a semi-closed type. The questions given to the teenagers of the home of social and education were oriented towards studying, leisure time... [to full text]

En este trabajo se muestran los beneficios comparativos entre el programa de viviendas de la SEDATU, el proyecto Utsil Naj y el Modelo Sostenible (NAMA´s) para obtener bonos de carbono entre comunidades urbanas, suburbanas y rurales; que aporta a la NAMA´s de Vivienda Sustentable de la SEDATU, un significativo incremento de bonos de carbono.
Este trabajo terminal surge a partir de nuevos hallazgos producto de la investigación con enfoque holístico de tipo exploratorio que se realizó en 2014 para conocer la forma en que una comunidad diseña y construye hogares sustentables; permite proponer el modelo sostenible (NAMA´s) para obtener bonos de carbono, entre comunidades urbanas, suburbanas y rurales. El trabajo incluye la prueba en campo de la estufa eficiente del modelo propuesto para realizar las cuatro tareas básicas de la cocina tradicional mexicana.

The Herero/Nama Genocide (1904-1908) under German colonialism in Namibia is the first genocide of the twentieth century and has stirred debates around reparations for historical injustices. Reparative Justice has evolved into a victim-centric pillar of justice, in which perpetrators are legally and morally obligated to pay reparations in its several forms to its victims, including material and symbolic reparations. This thesis is a case study of reparations claims for historical injustices, specifically colonial genocide and explores such claims as a political process. Firstly, defining victims of genocide is a political process in which colonial atrocities have been blanketed by a lawless cover, previously ignoring the rights of the former colonised. The acknowledgement of genocide victims is a not only a necessary step to claiming reparations, but is part of Reparative Justice in which the perpetrator recognises its victims, offers a formal apology and make amends to the victims’ satisfaction. The acknowledgement of the Herero and Nama as victims of genocide has taken over a century for the German government to admit. Secondly, reparations claims is a political process in which requests are demanded and/or negotiated between perpetrator and victim. Germany’s previous foreign policy avoided terms such as 'genocide’ and 'reparations’, which has been a form of colonial amnesia. Namibian actors cannot easily forget the weight of the genocide and have had to negotiate and demand overdue justice in the face of colonial amnesia. Victim groups often do not speak with one voice, as noted in the Herero group, which is divided into general two camps: the Riruako group and the Maherero group. Under Paramount Chief Riruako, and his successor Rukoro, the Ovaherero Traditional Authority (OTA) have made several reparations claims to Germany over the last three decades. The Namibian government has previously played an unsupportive role, due to Germany’s annual development aid, which has undermined the position of the Riruako group. However, Riruako’s Motion on the Ovaherero Genocide in 2006, was unanimously passed and requested that the Namibian government facilitates negotiations between Germany and representatives of the affected communities. The two governments have since entered formal negotiations on how to address the past, however this has been resented by the OTA and some reparations organisations, who argue that the Namibian government have taken the lead on negotiations, rather than facilitate them. Those participating in government negotiations are the Maherero group, and those who have refused to join is the Riruako group, who have lodged a lawsuit in 2017 against the German government for reparations. In 2015, the German government admitted that its shared history with Namibia involved genocide. However, this acknowledgement has transferred limited power to the Namibian actors who continue to be undermined as 'equal’ counterparts to the German government. The German government continue to negotiate on their terms of redress, and have claimed state immunity towards the lawsuit. Therefore, there are small traces of colonial amnesia in Germany’s conduct despite its recent change in foreign policy.

Namao virus (NV) was associated with mortality in lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens reared as part of a conservation stocking program for this endangered species in Manitoba, Canada. The virus itself was large, doubly encapsidated and icosahedral-shaped. Phylogenetic analyses using the major capsid protein showed that NV and other epitheliotropic sturgeon nucleo-cytoplasmic large DNA viruses shared a common evolutionary past and formed a distinct evolutionary lineage within Megavirales. Three PCR tests were developed and their analytical performance was validated for detection of these viruses. Testing of wild sturgeon revealed that NV is endemic in the Nelson River water basin in Manitoba. Bath exposure resulted in transmission of NV to healthy sturgeon. The gills appeared to be the initial site of infection with virus persisting in the head skin tissue for up to 62 days. The molecular tests will be useful tools for disease management in sturgeon conservation stocking programs.
October 2015

Teorinėje darbo dalyje analizuojamos azartinių lošimų savybės, subtilybės, lošėjų motyvacija lošti. Pateikiami galimi lošėjų segmentavimo pavyzdžiai, komunikacijos modelis azartinių lošimų rinkai. Analitinėje baigiamojo darbo dalyje pateikiami ir analizuojami rezultatai azartinių lošimų žaidėjų tyrimo, atlikto anketinės apklausos metodu, bei pateikiama Lietuvoje veikiančių lošimo namų internetinių svetainių turinio analizė. Projektinėje darbo dalyje suformuluoti tokie sprendimai: sukurti lošėjų poreikius atitinkančią internetinę svetainę, dalinti narystės korteles, kuponus, nuolaidas, suvenyrus. Taip pat siūloma kurti socialiai atsakingų įmonių įvaizdį prisidedant prie visuomenės informavimo apie lošimų galimą žalą, spaudoje skelbti apie didžiausius laimėjimus, aprašyti lošėjų sėkmės istorijas, organizuojamus banketus, renginius. Virtuali erdvė turi būti naudojama megzti dialogui su lošėju ir grįžtamojo ryšio skatinimui. Siūlomas darbuotojų mokymų rengimas, kvalifikacijos kėlimo kursai, psichologinis paruošimas, aptarnavimo standartai. Rekomenduojama lošimo namus įrengti pagal pasirinktą tematiką, pritaikyti interjero detales, personalo aprangą, nuolat atnaujinti kazino įrangą.
In the theoretical part of this diploma paper gaming features and gambler‘s motivations to gamble are being analysed. It also provides examples of potential gamblers segmentation and a communication model in gaming market. Analytical part is revealing the results of the gamblers research carried out by a questionnaire survey method. It also provides the analysis of the Lithuanian casinos website contents. In the third part of the diploma paper decisions are formulated as follows: to develop a website which meets all the needs of gamblers, to distribute the membership cards, coupons, discounts, souvenirs. It is recommended to create a socially responsible corporate image by contributing to public awareness of the potential harm of gaming, to publish in the press about the greatest achievements of gamblers, their success stories, banquets and events. Virtual space must be used to establish a dialogue and back-links with a player. Furthermore, the staff must be trained, have a psychological preparation and act according to service standards. Casinos should choose a theme for the interior, customize its staff clothing and regularly update casino software.

It is very significant to investigate the self-esteem in the young age. Loss of parents or living apart from them, lack of care of the child, lack or absence of close emotional relationship are one of the most important factors traumatizing children, preventing them from feeling self-importance, diminishing their self-evaluation and determining distrust towards themselves and others. The study analyses factors of self-esteem, academic achievements and interpersonal factors. Poor environments and previous limited experience, lack of love, life apart from parents and negative influence of classmates of children from residential care and children living in families. The purpose of this study is to find out peculiarities and differences of self-esteem and academic achievement of children from residential care and children living in full families. The connection between self-esteem and interpersonal factors is also analyzed. 200 children, from the residential home (N=100) and from families (N=100), among 118 girls and 82 boys participated in the research. Self-esteem was measured by the Harvey differential type scale in three difference factors. Interpersonal relationship was measured by sociological research. The investigation showed that children from residential care evaluated themselves as highly as children living in families. But children from residential care have more problems with teachers, theist self evaluate having no good qualities, anything to be proud of, in most of... [to full text]

Žmogaus mentalitetas turi labai didelės įtakos jo gyvenime. Viena iš bendrojo mentaliteto analizės formų yra jo geografinio mentaliteto, apimančio suvokimą ir žinias apie jo aplinką, šalį ir visą pasaulį, analizė. Kadangi kiekvienas žmogus gauna nemažai geografinių žinių dar mokykloje, geografinis mentalitetas gana gerai atspindi jo išsilavinimą ir intelektą. Šiuo metu yra iškilusi problema – vaikų, gyvenančių vaikų globos namuose, skaičiaus augimas. Todėl yra labai svarbu suvokti, ar normalios šeimos trūkumas daro įtaką šių vaikų išsilavinimui bei mentalitetui. Todėl šiame darbe buvo atliktas unikalus, vaikų, gyvenančių vaikų globos namuose, geografinio mentaliteto tyrimas. Be to, tyrimo pilnavertiškumo užtikrinimui, tyrimas buvo atliktas ir keliose bendrojo lavinimo mokyklose. Vilniuje yra penki vaikų globos namai, kuriuose gyvenantys vaikai dažniausiai eina į bendrojo lavinimo mokyklas. Tačiau yra labai svarbu suprasti, ar vaiko mentalitetui įtakos turi tik gaunamas išsilavinimas, ar ir gyvenamoji aplinka. Todėl tyrime buvo apklausti 188 vaikai. Po 94 vaikus iš mokykl��� ir vaikų globos namų. Iš jų 91 berniukas ir 97 mergaitės. Jiems buvo pateikta anoniminė anketa su 15 klausimų, po 5 klausimus iš Europos, Lietuvos ir Pasaulio regionų. Anketoje buvo trijų tipų klausimai: paprasto, „Turėk savyje žemėlapį“ ir žemėlapinio tipo klausimai. Anketos pagalba siekta kuo geriau atskleisti vaikų geografinį išprusimą ir mentalitetą. Atlikus tyrimą ir įvertinus jo rezultatus... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Human mentality has a great influence to everyone‘s life. One of the mentality analyzis form is geografic mentality analyzis, which covers the understanding and knowledge about human‘s enviroment, country and the whole world. Because of the fact that every person gets quite enough geografical knowledge at school, the geografical mentality quite well shows person‘s education and intellect. Now all the society faces one huge problem – the amount of children living in foster home is growing very rapidly. That is why, it is very important to understant, if absence of normal family influences the education and mentality of these children. So in this work the unique research about geografic mentality of children living in foster home has been done. In order of full research, it has also been made in several secondary schools. There are five foster home for children in Vilnius, where live children, who go to normal secondary schools. But it is very important to understand, if the mentality of every child is influenced only by his education, or also by living enviroment. So, in the research participated 188 children, of whom 94 were from foster home and the same number from normal schools. 91 of them were boys and 97 girls. They got an anonymus questionare with 15 questions, of which 5 were from Europe, Lithuania and World regions. By the help of the questionare, is was a goal to find out the children knowledge about different parts of the geography. After the research and its... [to full text]

Vaikai dėl įvairių priežasčių, netekę tėvų globos patenka į globos įstaigas, patirdami prieštaringus išgyvenimus, net nesąmoningai reiškia protestą, elgiasi negatyviai. Problemiško, nekontroliuojamo elgesio globos namų auklėtinius šių įstaigų darbuotojai nukreipia į socializacijos centrus. Vaikai, keliaujantys iš vienos institucijos į kitą, tampa tarsi institucinės aukos. Štai toks asmuo, praėjęs kelias skirtingo griežtumo globos institucijas, subręsta ir patenka į suaugusiųjų pasaulį. Jų gyvenimo scenarijus kuriamas ant sutrikdytos (iškreiptos) socializacijos pamato jau nuo ankstyvos vaikystės. Per patirtį įgyta programa nematomai veikia žmogaus gyvenime nepriklausomai nuo pasipriešinimo ir laisvo pasirinkimo. Korekcijos proceso veiksniai galėtų pakreipti buvusių globos namų ir socializacijos centrų auklėtinių gyvenimo scenarijų. Tai įtakotų jų nuostatas savo ir aplinkinių atžvilgiu, kurios susijusios su veiklos perspektyvomis, gyvenimo kokybe bei sėkminga integracija visuomenėje.
The children who have lost their parents due to some reasons get to foster homes. Having gone through different contradictory negative emotions there, they, sometimes even subconsciously, express their protest behaving badly. The children who are uncontrollable and break behavioral norms are directed to socialization centres by social workers. These children who move from one such an organization to another are practically becoming victims of these social institutions. At last, after being in these organizations that can rather differ in their limits of freedom, such a person grows up and becomes an adult. Life scenario of these young people is created on a destorted social basement since their early childhood. The acquired life programme invisibly influences a person’s life through his/her experience independently on any kind of struggle or a free choice. Some activities that correct this process can seriously change life scenario of former students of foster homes and socialization centres. In such a way we can influence their previous perception of themselves and the surrounding world in order to change it because this perseption is directly connected with work with a different perspective, life quality and successful integration in the society.

A strategy for the discovery of new insect growth regulators from arid lands plants was developed. Plant genera with a history of toxicity, medicinal use, or incorporation in native american cultures were selected. Forty-five species from twenty-one families were collected, extracted, and tested for biological activity on the large milkweed bug, Oncopeltus fasciatus. Eight extracts were toxic and the extract of Nama hispidum (Hydrophyllaceae) caused nymphs to undergo precocious metamorphosis to an adult. The active component of N. hispidum was precocene II (6,7-dimethoxy-2,2-dimethyl chromene). Nine Nama species, representing four of the five sections in the genus were gathered from Hawaii, California, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, and the Dominican Republic. In addition to the insect anti-hormone, precocene II (PII), present in N. hispidum, N. rothrockii contained at least two different insect juvenile hormone mimics, and N. sandwicense contained insect anti-hormone and insect juvenile hormone mimics. Fifth instar larvae of Heliothis zea were used as model insects to distinguish between post-ingestive intoxication and feeding deterrency during exposure to PII. Larvae fed artificial diet with PII were deterred from eating, and had retarded weight gain, growth, and development. Insects grown on diet with PII consumed less food, could not digest the food, or convert ingested food to body mass. in vivo radiotracer studies with the nutrient, ¹⁴C linoleic acid, show a lower rate of transport and incorporation of radioactivity into fat body tissue. A change in the midgut epithelial cells from PII resulted in reduced transport efficiency and retarded larval growth and development. Scanning electron microscopy of the midgut epithelia indicated that cytotoxic damage is induced by PII. Observed changes in the midgut epithelial cells are consistent with a destructive alkylation of cell structures by PII.

Thesis (MSc)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Arid lands comprise some 47.2 % of the world's land surface. Between 32 % and 35 % of these drylands are subject to some form of desertification and land degradation. South Africa is an arid country with water being a major limiting resource. The Nama-Karoo biome is an extensive tract of semi-arid vegetation comprising some 22.7 % of South Africa, characterised by low rainfall and high temperatures. Grazing is the most common form of land use in the country, and particularly in this biome. Aridity and grazing are two factors that make large areas of South Africa (including the Nama-karoo) susceptible to land degradation. The Nama-Karoo biome has been neglected in past research and is an understudied part of South Africa's vegetation. This study is a component of a bigger umbrella project entitled "Restoration of degraded Nama-karoo rangelands: the role of conservation islands". The aim of this project was to assess the role played by isolated hills and mountains (mesas, inselbergs, etc.) in conserving the remnant biological diversity of the Nama-karoo rangelands of Namibia and South Africa. Vegetation composition, seed banks, seedling recruitment, pollination and grazing patterns and intensity on and off isolated mesas in the eastern parts of the Nama-karoo were investigated in the South African component of this project. I report on patterns of 1) plant species diversity and 2) plant communities across the Middelburg District, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Three isolated mesas (Tafelberg, Folminkskop and Buffelskop) and their surrounding plains were selected for this study. Permanent plots were established in broad transects extending from the plains to southeastern slopes, plateaux, north-western slopes and north-western plains of each mesa. Plots were 25 m2 in size, and ten 1 m2 blocks within the 25 m2 plot were randomly selected and sampled. Species composition was recorded and cover values determined for all plants in every subplot. In the eastern Nama-karoo mesas were not found to be higher in Alpha Diversity than their surrounding plains. Plains habitats were mostly equally as diverse as mesa habitats, with some plains habitats being higher in diversity than mesa habitats. Greater differences between mesas and their surroundings were found in a parallel study in the northern parts of the Nama-karoo in Namibia, indicating that mesas are more distinct islands of diversity with an increase in aridity. In the Middelburg District, a greater presence of woody phanerophytes occurred on mesa habitats in comparison with plains habitats, a possible result of the more moist microhabitats on mesas. Cooler, moister conditions on the south-eastern slopes of the mesas led to higher Alpha Diversity there in comparison with the warmer and drier north-western slopes, a phenomenon commonly found in arid areas. In terms of Alpha Diversity, the largest mesa sampled, Tafelberg (450 m above surroundings), was not significantly more diverse than the two smaller mesas (Folminkskop and Buffelskop both being 200 m above surroundings). Tafelberg and Buffelskop were equally high in Beta Diversity, with Folminkskop being much less diverse. Increased Beta Diversity for Tafelberg was explained by the increased size of the mesa (providing a more diverse microhabitat) relative to Folminkskop, which has the same shape and geology but is much smaller in size. High Beta Diversity values for Buffelskop were explained by the presence of degraded communities on the northwestern slopes and plains, while the south-eastern slopes were some of the most diverse habitats sampled in the landscape. Mesas and plains shared few species. Proportionally fewer species were shared between the plateau and slopes of the larger Tafelberg in comparison with the smaller two mesas. Isolation of the plateau could possibly become more distinct with an increase in size of the mesa. However, Tafelberg had more species in common with the surrounding plains than did the smaller mesas. It is suggested that bigger mesas support a more diverse array of microhabitats enabling plains species to occupy selective sites on the slopes of the mesa. Average Shannon-Wiener Alpha Diversity Indices for Middelburg were higher than that of the Nama-karoo in general. This could be explained by the higher precipitation in the eastern parts of the Nama-karoo relative to the rest. Diversity in Middelburg compared favourably with that in other arid lands of North America and Australia and was found to be similar in patterns and determinants of diversity compared to arid lands such as those of the New World. Regarding plant community composition, mesas were found to be distinctly different from their surrounding plains, with no shared communities between mesas and plains. The distribution of communities across the landscape was mainly attributed to a soilmoisture gradient. Mesas, compared to plains, have shallower, rockier soils coupled with very little run-off and naturally higher precipitation due to elevation. This results in a more mesic habitat. Plains, compared with mesas, have little rock cover, high percentages of bare soil and higher run-off rates than mesas, resulting in a more xeric habitat. Habitat differences such as these probably existed before the impact of domestic livestock but overgrazing has probably exacerbated the differences. The dominance structure of plant communities on the plains has probably changed in favour of toxic, spinescent or unpalatable plant species due to selective grazing by livestock. For the two dolerite-capped mesas (Tafelberg and Folminkskop) aspect and the expected cooler, moister conditions on south-eastern slopes as factors determining community composition were overridden by soil type and associated nutrient status. On Buffelskop (sandstone mesa), aspect and slope overrode soil type and associated nutrient status as determinants of community compositions. The potential to use mesas as a source of seeds and propagules to restore degraded plains habitats is low. Approximately 28 % of species were shared between mesas and their surroundings, and not all of these species could be regarded as good colonisers. Generalist, palatable species occurring across the landscape, such as Eragrostis obtusa, Felicia muricata, F. ovata, Fingerhuthia africana, Jamesbrittenia tysonii, Limeum aethiopicum, Pentzia incana and Selago albida could have some potential for future restoration attempts. Mesas are distinct in composition and can be regarded as islands of one vegetation type (mesas) in a sea of a different vegetation type (plains). Mesa habitats are not generally used for grazing by livestock, due to their general inaccessibility, and are not threatened by development. Plant communities in the Middelburg area were very similar In composition to communities identified in other parts of the Nama-karoo. Results from this study suggest that the plains are at present more degraded than the mesa habitats, but it is impossible to conclude whether or not these rangelands have stabilised given current stocking rates and climatic conditions. The Braun-Blanquet classification system proved an effective method to describe plant communities in the semi-arid Nama-karoo. All the plots used during the duration of the study were marked by metal stakes and are therefore of a permanent nature, so that they can be resampled in future. This might possibly shed some light on questions related to resilience, stability and degradation of the karoo. Restoring rangeland in the future is an important option, however, few farmers would, in the short term, be able to afford costly restoration techniques. It is recommended that farmers inspect the condition of their veld on a regular basis, and adjust stocking rates accordingly. Veld should be rested on a regular basis, and assessment should precede the movement of stock to a camp. Most farmers plough denuded areas of veld to encourage restoration, and it is recommended that this practice be combined with reseeding, followed by rest during and shortly after germination of the seed.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ariede areas beslaan tans 47 % van die aarde se land oppervlak. Tussen 32 % en 35 % van hierdie areas is onderworpe aan een of ander vorm van land degredasie. Die Nama- Karoo bioom is 'n ekstensiewe semi-ariede area wat naastenby 47 % van Suid-Afrika beslaan. Die karoo word gekenmerk deur hoë temperature en lae reënval. Suid-Afrika is 'n ariede land en water is 'n beperkende faktor. Weiding is die algemeenste boerderypraktyk, en meer so in ariede areas soos bv. in die karoo. Die droë klimaat en hoë voorkoms van weiding as boerderypraktyk maak ekstensiewe areas (insluitende die karoo) van Suid-Afrika vatbaar vir land degredasie. Hierdie studie is deel van 'n breër projek genaamd: "Restorasie van gedegradeerde Nama-karoo veld: Die rol van bewaringseilande". Die doel van hierdie projek was om die rol te bepaal van ge-isoleerde koppies en berge (mesas, inselberge, ens.) in die bewaring van biologiese diversiteit in die Nama-karoo van Suid-Afrika en Namibië. Plantegroeisamestelling, saadbanke, saailing oorlewing, bestuiwing en weidingsintensiteitlpatrone op koppies en hulle omringende vlaktes in die oostelike dele van die Nama-karoo is ondersoek in die Suid-Afrikaanse komponent van die studie. Ek rapporteer oor patrone van 1) plant diversiteit en 2) plantegroeigemeenskappe in die Middelburg Distrik, Oos-Kaap, Suid-Afrika. Drie ge-isoleerde koppies (Tafelberg, Folminkskop en Buffelskop) en hulle omliggende vlaktes is geselekteeer vir die doel van die studie. Permanente persele is uitgelê in 'n breë lyn vanaf die suid-oostelike vlaktes na die suid-oostelike hang, oor die plato's, noord-westelike hange en noord-westelike vlaktes vir al drie koppies. Persele was 25 m2 in grootte, waarvan tien 1 m2 sub-persele geselekteer is binne die groter 25 m2 blok. Spesies samestelling en bedekkingswaardes is bepaal vir alle plante in al die sub-persele. Mesas was nie hoër in Alpha Diversiteit as hulle omringende vlaktes nie. Vlaktes was meestal net so hoog in diversiteit as die mesas, en somtyds selfs hoër. Groter verskille in diversiteit is gevind in 'n paralelle studie in die noordelike dele van die Nama-karoo in Namibië. Dit dui aan dat mesas moontlik meer definitiewe eilande van diversiteit is in droër gebiede. Meer houtagtige fanerofiete het voorgekom op die mesas in vergelyking met die omliggende vlaktes, 'n moontlike gevolg van 'n natter habitat op die mesas. Suid-oostelike hange was hoër in alfa-diversiteit in vergelyking met noord-westelike hange. Dit is toegeskryf aan die koeler, natter mikrohabitat van die suid-oostelike hange. Die groter mesa (Tafelberg - 450 m bo die vlakte), was nie meer divers as die twee kleiner mesas nie (Folminkskop en Buffelskop is sowat 200 m bo die vlakte). Tafelberg en Buffelskop was ewe hoog in Beta Diversiteit, terwyl Folminkskop heelwat laer was. Hoër Beta Diversiteit vir Tafelberg kan verklaar word deur die groter oppervlak en hoogte van die mesa (voorsien 'n meer diverse mikrohabitat) in vergelyking met Folminkskop. Folminkskop het dieselfde vorm en geologiese geskiedenis as Tafelberg, maar is veel kleiner. Buffelskop was hoog in Beta Diversiteit as gevolg van 'n gedegradeerde gemeenskap op die noord-westelike hang en vlaktes, terwyl die suidoostelike hang baie hoog was in diversiteit. Min spesies kom op beide mesas en vlaktes voor. Minder spesies is gedeel deur die plato en hange van Tafelberg in vergelyking met die plato's en hange van Folminkskop en Buffelskop. Isolasie van die plato kan moontlik hoër wees in groter mesas. Tafelberg (slegs mesa) het meer spesies in gemeen met sy omliggende vlakte as die ander twee mesas. Groter mesas soos Tafelberg kan moontlik 'n meer diverse spektrum van mikrohabitatte bevat, wat sekere vlakte spesies in staat stel om te oorleef op mesa hange. Gemiddelde alfa diversiteit vir die Middelburg Distrik was hoër as die van die res van die karoo. Dit kan verklaar word deur die hoër reënval in die oostelike dele van die karoo relatief tot die meer westelike dele. Diversiteit in Middelburg vergelyk goed met die van ander ariede lande in Noord-Amerika en Australie, terwyl patrone en faktore wat diversiteit bepaal soortgelyk was aan die van gemeenskappe in ariede lande van die Nuwe Wêreld. Mesas en vlaktes het drasties verskil in die samestelling van hulle onderskeie plantegroeigemeenskappe, alhoewel hulle soortgelyk was in diversiteit. Geen plantegroeigemeenskappe het voorgekom op beide mesas en vlaktes nie (gedeelde plantegroeigemeenskappe). Die verspreiding van plantegroeigemeenskappe oor die landskap was toegeskryf aan 'n grond-water gradient. Mesas het, oor die algemeen, vlakker, meer rotsagtige grond en 'n hoër reënval met minder afloop as vlaktes. Vlaktes het minder rotse, 'n hoër persentasies kaal grond en vinniger afloop tempo's na reën as mesas. Hierdie faktore het tot gevolg dat mesas 'n natter habitat verteenwoordig in vergelyking met die meer ariede vlaktes. Habitatsverskille soos dié het heel moontlik klaar bestaan voor die aankoms van vee, maar oorbeweiding het die verskille in habitat tussen mesas en vlaktes groter gemaak. Selektiewe beweiding deur vee het waarskynlik tot gevolg gehad dat plante wat giftig, doringagtig of onsmaaklik is, toegeneem het in plantegroeigemeenskappe, ten koste van meer smaaklike spesies. Grondtipe en grondsamestelling het aspek en verwagte koeler kondisies op die suidoostelike hange onderdruk as bepalende faktore vir plantegroeigemeenskap samestelling op Tafelberg en Folminkskop (beide bedek met 'n doleriet laag). Aspek en steilte van die hange het grondtipe en grondsamestelling onderdruk as bepalende faktore vir plantegroeigemeenskappe op Buffelskop. Die potensiaal om mesas te gebruik as bronne van saad vir die rehabilitasie van die vlaktes was laag. Mesas en hulle omliggende vlaktes het naastenby 28 % van spesies in gemeen gehad, maar nie al hierdie spesies was goeie koloniseerders nie. Sekere smaaklike plante wat op beide mesas en vlaktes voorgekom het, kan potensiaal hê vir toekomstige restorasie doeleindes, bv. Eragrostis obtusa, Felicia muricata, F. ovata, Fingerhuthia Africana, Jamesbrittenia tysonii, Limeum aethiopicum, Pentzia incana en Selago albida. Mesas is uniek in samestelling en kan beskou word as een plantegroeitipe in 'n see van 'n ander tipe (vlaktes). Mesas word nie oor die algemeen bewei nie (as gevolg van hulle steil hange en bergagtigheid) en word gevolglik nie bedreig deur huidige ontwikkeling nie. Plantegroeigemeenskappe in Middelburg is soortgelyk aan die van ander dele van die Nama-Karoo bioom. Resultate van die studie dui aan dat die vlaktes huidiglik meer gedegradeer is as mesas, maar dit is onbekend of die veld gestabiliseer het of steeds besig is om verder te degradeer in huidige weidings- en klimaatskondisies. Die Braun-Blanquet klassifikasiemetode IS effektief vir die beskrywing van plantegroeigemeenskappe in ariede areas. Al die persele in die studie area is gemerk met metaal paaltjies en is dus permanent. Dit maak dit moontlik om in die toekoms die persele weer te ondersoek. 'n Langtermyn datastel kan moontlik lig werp op die stabiliteit en degredasie van karoo veld. Restorasie van veld is 'n moontlikheid vir die toekoms, maar min boere kan duur restorasie metodes bekostig in die kort termyn. Boere moet hulle lande gereeld ondersoek en drakrag aanpas by die kondisie van die veld. Baie boere ploeg kaal kolle in die veld op 'n gereelde basis, en daar word voorgestel dat die praktyk gekombineer word met die saai van geskikte saad, gevolg deur 'n rusperiode tydens en na ontkieming daarvan.

The exponential growth in lending to the Irish commercial real estate sector in the mid-2000s facilitated a rapid appreciation in property prices that ultimately resulted in the creation of a real estate bubble. This bubble was a highly leveraged indigenous model of investment, centred upon the speculation of prices. When the prices began to fall in 2008, the depletion in the Irish banking sectors capital base brought into sharp focus the over exposure to real estate lending. As a response, the Irish Government formed the National Asset Management Agency (NAMA) in December 2009 whose primary function was to acquire €74bn of loans from the Irish financial institutions and carry out the management and disposal of these, in order to restore liquidity to the banking system and preserve values across the commercial real estate sector. The research presented in this thesis serves as the first robust evaluation of the performance of NAMA relative to its stated objectives. The research adopts a mixed method approach to decipher the impact of NAMA on the Irish commercial property market. Firstly, regression modelling of the Irish property market is undertaken to analyse key financial and property market indicators in the context of NAMA's intervention in the market. The second empirical strand comprises an evaluation of NAMAs sale transactions and disposal strategies in order to ascertain the distinct role played by NAMA in restoring liquidity and confidence to the Irish commercial property market. The final strand of empirical analysis comprised structured interviews with key stakeholders in the Dublin market to determine how the market responded to NAMA's deleveraging activities. The interview evidence provides further insights surrounding the operational characteristics and intervention strategies employed by NAMA in order to distinguish the extent of NAMA's role in facilitating recovery within the confines of the real estate cycle and wider macro-economic recovery. The research outcomes indicate that NAMA played an intensive role in reviving the Irish commercial market by acting as a stimulus for liquidity in its disposal activity, and deepening the circuit of capital flows by attracting new investors to the market. The research highlights a number of favourable factors which were conducive to NAMA's overall performance to date. In particular, the distinct composition of NAMA's portfolio gave the vehicle an advantage in its asset management and disposal activities. Further to this, the transparency and maturity of the Irish commercial property market combined with the broader context of low interest rates and poor bond yields deemed that Irish real estate assets were highly desirable at the time of NAMA's deleveraging process. However, the research ascertains that while NAMA has been a provider for development finance, the Agency could have had a stronger role as a facilitator of development in the early stages of operation, in order to address the huge supply shortage in Dublin adequately. Nonetheless, the research illustrates that NAMA has been a model of best practice in its disposal activities and provides a template for other distressed real estate markets. The key principles applied by NAMA include its timely implementation, strong governance structures, phased disposal strategy and portfolio disposals. The research concludes that asset management vehicles such as NAMA have the capacity to stabilise distressed property markets, by providing a measured and systemic release of assets to the market and in this context can act as an anchor for liquidity and confidence.

Statybai, kaip vienai iš žmogaus ūkinės veiklos šakų, sparčiai keičiančiai gyvenamąją aplinką kiekybiniu ir kokybiniu požiūriais, skiriamas išskirtinis dėmesys. Statyba šiame darbe vertinama atsižvelgiant į darnumo principus. Norint sėkmingai integruotis į Europos Sąjungą, reikalingi infrastruktūros planavimo ir plėtros pokyčiai, būtina gerinti gyvenimo ir aplinkos kokybę. Šalies politika, taip pat ir darnios statybos klausimais, turi būti adekvati Europos valstybėms. Pastaraisiais metais darniai statybai, tame tarpe ir presuotų šiaudų panaudojimui, skiriamas didelis dėmesys ne tik populiarioje literatūroje: laikraščiuose, žurnaluose, bet ir mokslinėje literatūroje. Rašomi ne tik straipsniai, bet ir knygos. Atsinaujinančių statybinių medžiagų panaudojimo klausimais atliekami užsakomieji moksliniai tyrimai, ruošiamos disertacijos. Atsižvelgiant į tai galima teigti, kad ir Lietuvoje bus suformuota valstybinė darnaus vystymosi kriterijais paremta statybos politika. Tačiau kol kas, siekiant darnumo statybos pramonės srityje, tenka vadovautis bendrais aplinkosauginiais ir darnaus vystymosi idėjas deklaruojančiais politiniais ir teisiniais dokumentais. Lietuvoje darnios statybos plėtros galimybės nėra vertintos. Magistro darbą sudaro penki skyriai, išvados ir pasiūlymai bei naudotų literatūros šaltinių sąrašas. Pirmajame skyriuje nagrinėjama darnaus vystymosi samprata ir raida. Antrajame – statybos sektoriaus poveikis aplinkai. Trečiajame ir ketvirtajame skyriuose nagrinėjama darni... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The special attention is given for the construction as one of the branches of human economic activities, rapidly modifying the living environment in quantitative and qualitative approaches. In this work construction is evaluated by taking into consideration principles of sustainability. In order to successfully integrate into the European Union changes of infrastructure planning and development are required, it is necessary to improve the quality of life and environment. Country policy, as well as sustainable construction issues, must be adequate to the European countries. In recent years the great attention is paid for the sustainable construction including the use of compressed straw not only in the popular literature: newspapers, magazines, but also in the scientific literature. Not only articles are written, but books as well. Scientific researches are performed in the issues of renewable construction material use as well as the dissertations are prepared. Taking this into consideration it can be stated that Lithuania will establish a state construction policy based on sustainable development criteria. However, at the moment in an attempt of sustainability in the sphere of construction industry, we have to follow general environmental, political and legal documents declaring the ideas of sustainable development. In Lithuania the possibilities of sustainable construction expansion have not been evaluated. Master thesis consists of five chapters, conclusions and... [to full text]

Research: Behaviour of risk group pupils'in foster home. Purpose of research: To revel chilgren' risk group pupils' pecularities of activity and behavieour their types. Task of research: 1.To give a scientific and pedagogical literature analysis about risk group children; 2.To give choldren' survey(including foster home pupils'); 3.To formulate a typology of risk groupe infoster home; Hypothesis: The characterization of children foster home risk group pupils according, their behaviour helps to solve their education problems. Pupil of risk group in foster home are relevant today's theme. Firs of all, speakingof it,we should consider children'care and social work tendencies, the of risk group children, features of their behaviour and reasons of such behaviour. While decreasihg children' busyness more and more children don't attend school and offend. Children who are tending to offend are called children of risk group. Homeless, children who live in asocial, unharmonious families or broken home, who suffer psychical, corporal violence or sex abuse also aggressive and cotemporaries castaway children who already one some small delinquencies are referred to risk group.(R. Žukauskienė, S. Ignotavičienė,1993:3). Lately, the number of minors losing parental care is increasing. One part of the children is taken in charge by public care institutions and another part by social orginazitions and families. More and more children who are ascribable to risk group come into foster home.Each... [to full text]