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Journal articles on the topic 'NAND logic elements'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Stojanovic, Milan, Dragan Nikic, and Darko Stefanovic. "Implicit-OR tiling of deoxyribozymes: Construction of molecular scale OR, NAND and four-input logic gates." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 68, no. 4-5 (2003): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0305321s.

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We recently reported the first complete set of molecular-scale logic gates based on deoxyribozymes. Here we report how we tile these logic gates and construct new logic elements: OR, NAND, and the first element with four inputs (i1^i5)V(i2^i6). Tiling of logic gates was achieved through a common substrate used for core deoxyribozyme; degradation of this substrate defines the output. This kind of connection between logic gates is an implicit- OR tiling, because it suffices that one componenet of the network is active for the whole network to give an output of 1.

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2

Nam, Hyoungsik, Young-In Kim, Jina Bae, and Junhee Lee. "GateRL: Automated Circuit Design Framework of CMOS Logic Gates Using Reinforcement Learning." Electronics 10, no. 9 (2021): 1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10091032.

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This paper proposes a GateRL that is an automated circuit design framework of CMOS logic gates based on reinforcement learning. Because there are constraints in the connection of circuit elements, the action masking scheme is employed. It also reduces the size of the action space leading to the improvement on the learning speed. The GateRL consists of an agent for the action and an environment for state, mask, and reward. State and reward are generated from a connection matrix that describes the current circuit configuration, and the mask is obtained from a masking matrix based on constraints

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3

Illiberi, Andrea, Alessandra Leonhardt, Matthew Surman, et al. "New Materials for Memory Applications by Atomic Layer Deposition." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 29 (2023): 1437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02291437mtgabs.

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The architectures of integrated logic and memory devices have shifted from 2D to 3D layouts, enabling a continued scaling of device densities. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) allows the conformal deposition of thin films with sub-nm thickness control on high aspect ratio 3D structures. ALD has become the technique of choice for the synthesis of an increasing number of materials in advanced logic and memory devices. In the first part of this presentation, we briefly review some of the key ALD processes which enable the fabrication of state-of-the-art 3D-NAND and 2D-DRAM. Next, we present the ALD

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4

Chen, Zibo, Ryan D. Kibler, Andrew Hunt, et al. "De novo design of protein logic gates." Science 368, no. 6486 (2020): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aay2790.

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The design of modular protein logic for regulating protein function at the posttranscriptional level is a challenge for synthetic biology. Here, we describe the design of two-input AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XNOR, and NOT gates built from de novo–designed proteins. These gates regulate the association of arbitrary protein units ranging from split enzymes to transcriptional machinery in vitro, in yeast and in primary human T cells, where they control the expression of the TIM3 gene related to T cell exhaustion. Designed binding interaction cooperativity, confirmed by native mass spectrometry, makes th

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5

Emir, Recep, Dilek Surekci Yamacli, Serhan Yamacli, and Sezai Alper Tekin. "Deep Learning Approach for Modeling the Power Consumption and Delay of Logic Circuits Employing GNRFET Technology." Electronics 13, no. 15 (2024): 2993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13152993.

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The interest in alternative logic technologies is continuously increasing for short nanometer designs. From this viewpoint, logic gates, full adder and D-latch designs based on graphene nanoribbon field effect transistors (GNRFETs) at 7 nm technology nodes were presented, considering that these structures are core elements for digital integrated circuits. Firstly, NOT, NOR and NAND gates were implemented using GNRFETs. Then, 28T full adder and 18T D-latch circuits based on CMOS logic were designed using GNRFETs. As the first result of this work, it was shown through HSPICE simulations that the

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6

Giri, Santosh, and Basanta Joshi. "Multilayer Backpropagation Neural Networks for Implementation of Logic Gates." International Journal of Computer Science & Engineering Survey 12, no. 1 (2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijcses.2021.12101.

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ANN is a computational model that is composed of several processing elements (neurons) that tries to solve a specific problem. Like the human brain, it provides the ability to learn from experiences without being explicitly programmed. This article is based on the implementation of artificial neural networks for logic gates. At first, the 3 layers Artificial Neural Network is designed with 2 input neurons, 2 hidden neurons & 1 output neuron. after that model is trained by using a backpropagation algorithm until the model satisfies the predefined error criteria (e) which set 0.01 in this ex

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7

Liu, Houquan, Hongchang Deng, Shijie Deng, Chuanxin Teng, Ming Chen, and Libo Yuan. "Vortex Beam Encoded All-Optical Logic Gates Based on Nano-Ring Plasmonic Antennas." Nanomaterials 9, no. 12 (2019): 1649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9121649.

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Vortex beam encoded all-optical logic gates are suggested to be very important in future information processing. However, within current logic devices, only a few are encoded by using vortex beams and, in these devices, some space optical elements with big footprints (mirror, dove prism and pentaprism) are indispensable components, which is not conducive to device integration. In this paper, an integrated vortex beam encoded all-optical logic gate based on a nano-ring plasmonic antenna is proposed. In our scheme, by defining the two circular polarization states of the input vortex beams as the

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8

Mladenov, Valeri. "Application of Metal Oxide Memristor Models in Logic Gates." Electronics 12, no. 2 (2023): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12020381.

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Memristors, as new electronic elements, have been under rigorous study in recent years, owing to their good memory and switching properties, low power consumption, nano-dimensions and a good compatibility to present integrated circuits, related to their promising applications in electronic circuits and chips. The main purpose of this paper is the application and analysis of the operations of metal–oxide memristors in logic gates and complex schemes, using several standard and modified memristor models and a comparison between their behavior in LTSPICE at a hard-switching, paying attention to t

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9

Goldsworthy, Victoria, Geneva LaForce, Seth Abels, and Emil Khisamutdinov. "Fluorogenic RNA Aptamers: A Nano-platform for Fabrication of Simple and Combinatorial Logic Gates." Nanomaterials 8, no. 12 (2018): 984. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8120984.

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RNA aptamers that bind non-fluorescent dyes and activate their fluorescence are highly sensitive, nonperturbing, and convenient probes in the field of synthetic biology. These RNA molecules, referred to as light-up aptamers, operate as molecular nanoswitches that alter folding and fluorescence function in response to ligand binding, which is important in biosensing and molecular computing. Herein, we demonstrate a conceptually new generation of smart RNA nano-devices based on malachite green (MG)-binding RNA aptamer, which fluorescence output controlled by addition of short DNA oligonucleotide

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10

Hassan, Ahmad, Jean-Paul Noël, Yvon Savaria, and Mohamad Sawan. "Circuit Techniques in GaN Technology for High-Temperature Environments." Electronics 11, no. 1 (2021): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11010042.

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As a wide bandgap semiconductor, Gallium Nitride (GaN) device proves itself as a suitable candidate to implement high temperature (HT) integrated circuits. GaN500 is a technology available from the National Research Council of Canada to serve RF applications. However, this technology has the potential to boost HT electronics to higher ranges of operating temperatures and to higher levels of integration. This paper summarizes the outcome of five years of research investigating the implementation of GaN500-based circuits to support HT applications such as aerospace missions and deep earth drilli

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11

Kotb, Amer, Kyriakos E. Zoiros, Antonios Hatziefremidis та Chunlei Guo. "Optical Logic Gates Based on Z-Shaped Silicon Waveguides at 1.55 μm". Micromachines 14, № 6 (2023): 1266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14061266.

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In the last ten years, silicon photonics has made considerable strides in terms of device functionality, performance, and circuit integration for a variety of practical uses, including communication, sensing, and information processing. In this work, we theoretically demonstrate a complete family of all-optical logic gates (AOLGs), including XOR, AND, OR, NOT, NOR, NAND, and XNOR, through finite-difference-time-domain simulations using compact silicon-on-silica optical waveguides that operate at 1.55 μm. Three slots, grouped in the shape of the letter Z, make up the suggested waveguide. The fu

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12

Bouaouina, Mohamed Salah, Mohamed Redha Lebbal, Mohamed Bouchemat, and Touraya Bouchemat. "Enhanced prompt trigger optical switching using nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonator for application on all-optical AND/NAND and OR/NOR logic function." Frequenz 76, no. 3-4 (2021): 145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/freq-2021-0110.

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Abstract Nowadays, the development of optical telecommunication systems requires more efficient all-optical elements appreciation to their high data transmission speeds and reduced electromagnetic interferences. In this work, our objective is to attest by simulation a design of an optical switch using 2D photonic crystals from polystyrene, an organic polymeric material with high Kerr non-linearity. This excellent ultra-fast switching leads us to the exploited in the construction of two new structures of all-optical AND/NAND and OR/NOR logic gates. These structures based on non-linear ring reso

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13

Ramsay, E., James Breeze, David T. Clark, et al. "High Temperature CMOS Circuits on Silicon Carbide." Materials Science Forum 821-823 (June 2015): 859–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.821-823.859.

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This paper presents the characteristics and performance of a range of Silicon Carbide (SiC) CMOS integrated circuits fabricated using a process designed to operate at temperatures of 300°C and above. The properties of Silicon carbide enable both n-channel and p-channel MOSFETS to operate at temperatures above 400°C [1] and we are developing a CMOS process to exploit this capability [4]. The operation of these transistors and other integrated circuit elements such as resistors and contacts is presented across a temperature range of room temperature to +400°C. We have designed and fabricated a w

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14

Pottosin, Yu V. "Implementation of a system of incompletely specified Boolean functions in a circuit of two-input gates by means of bi-decomposition." Teoriâ i sistemy upravleniâ, no. 4 (December 24, 2024): 65–76. https://doi.org/10.31857/s0002338824040044.

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The problem of bi-decomposition of a Boolean function is to represent a given Boolean function as a logic algebra operation over two Boolean functions. A meth-od based on bi-decomposition of Boolean functions is suggested to implement sys-tems of incompletely specified (partial) Boolean functions in the basis of two-input gates. This basis can be the basis of NOR gates, NAND gates or the basis of AND and OR gates with accessible input complements. The used method for bi-decomposition is reduced to the search for two-block weighted cover of a complete bipartite weighted graph with complete bipa

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15

Yang, Zichen, Yang Fu, Jing Yang, Chuang Hu, and Jiasen Zhang. "Spin-encoded subwavelength all-optical logic gates based on single-element optical slot nanoantennas." Nanoscale 10, no. 9 (2018): 4523–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nr08871j.

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By employing a spin-encoded scheme, we achieve OR, AND, NOT, NAND and NOR logic gates via an L-shaped optical slot nanoantenna with a footprint of 300 nm by 300 nm, and a XNOR logic gate via a rectangle optical slot nanoantenna with a footprint of 220 nm by 60 nm.

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16

Hassan, Falah Fakhruldeen, Safa'a Mansour Tahreer, Ibrahim Jabbar Feryal, and Alkhayyat Ahmed. "Multiple inputs all-optical logic gates based on nanoring insulator-metal-insulator plasmonic waveguides." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 6 (2022): 6836–46. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i6.pp6836-6846.

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In this paper, we report new nanoscale plasmonic multiple inputs logic gates based on insulator-metal-insulator (IMI) nanoring waveguides. The proposed all-optical gates are numerically analyzed by the finite element method. NOT, AND, NAND, NOR, and EX-NOR all-optical logic gates were suitably designed and investigated based on the linear interface between the propagated waves through the waveguides. The operation wavelength was 1550 nm. The simulation results show that the optical transmission threshold of (0.26) which performs the operation of planned logic gates is accomplished. Moreover, s

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17

Stenin, V. Ya, and Yu V. Katunin. "CMOS Majority Element Based on NAND Logic with Reduced Sensitivity to Single Ionizing Particles." Russian Microelectronics 50, no. 6 (2021): 394–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063739721050073.

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18

Stenin, V. Ya, and Yu V. Katunin. "Masking Noise Pulses When Collecting a Charge from the Tracks of Single Ionizing Particles in a Majority Element Based on CMOS NAND Logic." Russian Microelectronics 51, no. 1 (2022): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063739722010097.

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19

Kumar, V., G. M. Prasad, U. S. Nigam, and Dinesh Chandra. "Optical Logic NOT, AND, NAND, OR and NOR Elements." Journal of Optical Communications 12, no. 1 (1991). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/joc.1991.12.1.33.

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20

Yu, Dongxing, Hongxin Yang, Mairbek Chshiev, and Albert Fert. "Skyrmions-based logic gates in one single nanotrack completely reconstructed via chirality barrier." National Science Review, February 18, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwac021.

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Abstract Logic gates based on magnetic elements are promising candidates for the logic-in-memory applications with nonvolatile data retention, near-zero leakage and scalability. In such spin-based logic device, however, the multi-strip structure and fewer functions are obstacles to improving integration and reducing energy consumption. Here we propose a skyrmions-based single-nanotrack logic family including AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR which can be implemented and reconstructed by building and switching Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) chirality barrier on a racetrack memory.

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21

Zanella, Sofia, Miguel A. Hernández‐Rodríguez, Lianshe Fu, et al. "Designing Next‐Generation Molecular Logic Circuits: Photonic Concatenation in Upconverting Nanocrystals." Advanced Optical Materials, August 31, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adom.202301058.

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AbstractComputers and computing systems are getting an increasingly essential role in society, as revealed by the current emergence of Artificial Intelligence. The further increase in computer systems and digitalization of society will certainly demand innovative computing systems with higher processing speeds at low energetic and capital costs. Remarkable developments in the last five years have been reported for quantum computing; nevertheless, photonic and molecular computing has also been evolving with the potential of reaching the maximum possible miniaturization by using molecules as bui

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22

Li, Guanmin, Zhong Wang, Yuliang Chen, Jae-Chun Jeon, and Stuart S. P. Parkin. "Computational elements based on coupled VO2 oscillators via tunable thermal triggering." Nature Communications 15, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-49925-3.

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AbstractComputational technologies based on coupled oscillators are of great interest for energy efficient computing. A key to developing such technologies is the tunable control of the interaction among oscillators which today is accomplished by additional electronic components. Here we show that the synchronization of closely spaced vanadium dioxide (VO2) oscillators can be controlled via a simple thermal triggering element that itself is formed from VO2. The net energy consumed by the oscillators is lower during thermal coupling compared with the situation where they are oscillating indepen

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23

Lv, Xujuan, Jiawen Han, Juan Wang, et al. "Catalytic Hairpin Assembly‐Propelled Weak‐Inputs‐Strong‐Outputs (CP‐WISO) DNA Logic Nanodevices with Orthogonal Design and Contrary Logic Responses." Advanced Science, June 9, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202501430.

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AbstractDeveloping innovative multi‐channel DNA logic systems with strong responses for weak inputs is of paramount significance for versatile molecular computing, information processing, smart biosensing, and early medical diagnostics. However, most previous works usually necessitate abundant inputs equivalent to signal probes or computing elements, and present only single‐channel outputs, causing DNAs’ over‐consumption, limited computing functions, flexibility, and maneuverability. Herein, assisted with a catalytic‐hairpin‐assembly (CHA) amplifier and rational orthogonal design, the first un

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24

Cui, Xiaole, Mingqi Yin, Hanqing Liu, and Xiaoxin Cui. "The Resistance Analysis Attack and Security Enhancement of the IMC LUT based on the Complementary Resistive Switch Cells." ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems, August 24, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3616870.

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The resistive random access memory (RRAM) based in-memory computing (IMC) is an emerging architecture to address the challenge of the “memory wall” problem. The complementary resistive switch (CRS) cell connects two bipolar RRAM elements anti-serially to reduce the sneak current in the crossbar array. The CRS array is a generic computing platform, for the arbitrary logic functions can be implemented in it. The IMC CRS LUT consumes fewer CRS cells than the static CRS LUT. The CRS array has built-in polymorphic characteristics because the correct logic function can not be distinguished based on

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25

Vo, Ngoc Thanh Phuong, Tae Uk Nam, Min Woo Jeong, et al. "Autonomous self-healing supramolecular polymer transistors for skin electronics." Nature Communications 15, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-47718-2.

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AbstractSkin-like field-effect transistors are key elements of bio-integrated devices for future user-interactive electronic-skin applications. Despite recent rapid developments in skin-like stretchable transistors, imparting self-healing ability while maintaining necessary electrical performance to these transistors remains a challenge. Herein, we describe a stretchable polymer transistor capable of autonomous self-healing. The active material consists of a blend of an electrically insulating supramolecular polymer with either semiconducting polymers or vapor-deposited metal nanoclusters. A k

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26

Jeong, Min Woo, Min Hyouk Kim, Jun Su Kim, et al. "Atmospheric Doping of Stretchable Polymer Semiconductors for Skin Electronics." Advanced Functional Materials, June 4, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202506882.

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AbstractDespite the significant development of stretchable polymer semiconductors, the development of their doping systems remains an emerging challenge in the advancement of skin electronics. Here, an atmospheric doping system using ambient oxygen molecules in air as dopants for stretchable polymer semiconductors is introduced. The oxygen molecules, chemically adsorbed on the semiconductors, act as acceptors in a diffusion‐controlled process influenced by oxygen partial pressure and humidity. The controlled atmospheric doping condition significantly increases the hole concentration of the sem

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27

Xu, Leijun, Jiale He, Weiwei Tang, et al. "Hot‐Electron Driven Ultrafast Optical Polarization Conversion with Graphene‐Loaded Metasurface." Laser & Photonics Reviews, November 20, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202300643.

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AbstractThe switching speed of light polarization plays a crucial role in determining the upper‐limit bandwidth of applications like optical communications and laser microscopy. However, conventional polarization elements based on macroscopic anisotropic crystals like birefringent crystals and chalcogenide glasses are either static or restricted by the low switching time of about hundreds of picoseconds. Here, a femtosecond‐scale all‐optical polarization controlling method is proposed through engineering the excited hot electrons in a graphene‐loaded metasurface. Remarkably, a giant polarizati

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28

Li, Yiyang, T. Patrick Xiao, Christopher H. Bennett, et al. "In situ Parallel Training of Analog Neural Network Using Electrochemical Random-Access Memory." Frontiers in Neuroscience 15 (April 8, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.636127.

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In-memory computing based on non-volatile resistive memory can significantly improve the energy efficiency of artificial neural networks. However, accurate in situ training has been challenging due to the nonlinear and stochastic switching of the resistive memory elements. One promising analog memory is the electrochemical random-access memory (ECRAM), also known as the redox transistor. Its low write currents and linear switching properties across hundreds of analog states enable accurate and massively parallel updates of a full crossbar array, which yield rapid and energy-efficient training.

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29

"Nano Electro Magnetic Full Adder." Open Access Journal of Applied Science and Technology 1, no. 2 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.33140/oajast.01.02.02.

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In this paper, I proposed new idea for a nano, electromagnetics Full adder. Simulation and design of inverter and majority voter is a work on Bonhemmi method and analysis that is based on SST.MTJ method. After this idea, we can design other gated and devices besed on this formula to implement Microprocessor and … Spintronics devices are based on the up or down spin of the electrons rather than on electrons or holes as in the traditional semiconductor electronics devices. Magnetic processors using spintronics devices in principle are much faster and with the potential features of nonvolatile, l

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30

Castell-Castell, Nikolaus. "LOGIC." September 8, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.61843.

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Aufsatz 1: ======= 1) Das niedrige und bezueglich einer eventuellen Logik unzureichende Niveau der Aristoteles‘schen Syllogismen sollte spaetestens nach diesem Aufsatz klar sein. Falls darueberhinaus die oft fehlende Deduktion unsererseits zurecht kritisiert wurde, so war dies moeglich durch die Eigenentwicklung einer Regel, die die Rangfolge von Begriffen, Woertern und Inhalten definiert. Auch die Tatsache, dass Aristoteles gemaess dieser Regel in unterschiedliche Richtungen argumentiert hat, liess sich mit dieser Regel belegen. 2) Es wird in diesem Aufsatz folgerichtig vorgeschlagen, a

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31

Castell-Castell, Nikolaus. "LOGIC 2. Teil." September 8, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.61905.

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Dass die &bdquo;mathematische Logik“ keine mathematische Logik ist, duerfte auch anderen Kritikern aufgefallen sein, dass sich aber ihre (angebliche) Logik nur ausschliesslich mit sich selbst beschaeftigt und darin ihren Selbstzweck findet, wurde in der Literatur noch nirgends herausgearbeitet und ist Hauptgegenstand dieses Aufsatzes. Auch eine deutliche Kritik des semantischen und (trotz gegenteiliger Behauptung) auch syntaktischen Niveaus von Aussagen- und Praedikatenlogik mit ihren undifferenzierten und auf Buchstaben (Symbole) reduzierten &bdquo;Aussagen“ (die hier vollkommen u

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32

Castell-Castell, Nikolaus, and Helmberger H. Prof. "LOGIC 2. Teil." September 8, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.61906.

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  Dass die &bdquo;mathematische Logik“ keine mathematische Logik ist, duerfte auch anderen Kritikern aufgefallen sein, dass sich aber ihre (angebliche) Logik nur ausschliesslich mit sich selbst beschaeftigt und darin ihren Selbstzweck findet, wurde in der Literatur noch nirgends herausgearbeitet und ist Hauptgegenstand dieses Aufsatzes. Auch eine deutliche Kritik des semantischen und (trotz gegenteiliger Behauptung) auch syntaktischen Niveaus von Aussagen- und Praedikatenlogik mit ihren undifferenzierten und auf Buchstaben (Symbole) reduzierten &bdquo;Aussagen“ (die hier vollk

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33

Salamov, O., Sh. Yusubov, and S. Kasumova. "AUTOMATIC TRACKING SYSTEM FOR POINTING A PARABOLIC CONCENTRATOR AT THE SUN." International independent scientific journal 57 (December 5, 2023). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10353166.

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<i><strong>Abstract</strong></i><i>The paper discusses issues of high-precision tracking of the sun by a parabolic concentrator (PC). An analysis of existing methods and devices for tracking the sun is carried out. The advantages and disadvantages of all these methods are indicated and a new, better method is proposed, as well as circuit diagrams and principles of operation of the device used to implement this method. Unlike known systems, the proposed tracking system provides for PC tracking of the sun during daylight hours, as well as its return at the end of the working day to the morning g

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