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Journal articles on the topic 'Nano crystal'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Xiao, Quanlan, Wei Lin, Gengxu Chen, et al. "Morphology and polarization-dependent second harmonic generation in single hexagonal sodium niobate micro/nano-crystals." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 3, no. 16 (2015): 4070–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc00226e.

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The SHG responses from single hexagonal NaNbO<sub>3</sub> micro/nano-crystals with different morphologies and sizes were studied in detail. It was demonstrated that the same crystal structure displays a similar SHG response.

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2

Zhang, Haobin, Jinjiang Xu, Shichun Li, Jie Sun, and Xiaolin Wang. "Characterization of Nano-Scale Parallel Lamellar Defects in RDX and HMX Single Crystals by Two-Dimension Small Angle X-ray Scattering." Molecules 27, no. 12 (2022): 3871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27123871.

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Nano-scale crystal defects extremely affect the security and reliability of explosive charges of weapons. In this work, the nano-scale crystal defects of 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) single crystals were characterized by two-dimension SAXS. Deducing from the changes of SAXS pattern with sample stage rotating, we firstly found the parallel lamellar nano-scale defects in both RDX and HMX single crystals. Further analysis shows that the average diameter and thickness of nano-scale lamellar defects for RDX single crystal ar

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3

Lee, Chang Kyu, Jong Sung Kwon, In Chul Na, Byung Il Han, Young Min Kim, and Jea Gun Park. "Dependency of Electrical Characteristics on Au Nano-Crystal Size for Non-Volatile Memory Fabricated with Au Nano-Crystal Embedded in PVK(Poly(N-Vinylcarbazole)) Layer." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.33.

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We demonstrated a nonvolatile memory fabricated with the sandwich device structure of Al/Au nano-crystals embedded in the PVK/Al. The bi-stable conduction switching characteristic (Ion/Ioff ratio) was >1x102, depending on Au nano-crystal size. The size and distribution of Au nano-crystals were determined by the inserted Au-layer thickness between PVK layers. The size of Au nano-crystals increased with the inserted Au-layer thickness. The uniform distribution of isolated Au nano-crystals was obtained with 5 nm of the inserted Au-layer thickness.

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4

Abdalameer, N. Kh, S. N. Mazhir, H. M. Salim, J. Kh Hammood, and Z. H. Abdul Raheem. "Design of micro-jet plasma system: a novel nanoparticles manufacturing method in atmospheric pressure." Journal of Optoelectronic and Biomedical Materials 14, no. 4 (2022): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/jobm.2022.144.203.

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Micro jet atmospheric (MPJ) plasma was first utilized to create nano-sized crystals. Nanosized particles may have advantageous characteristics such as better internal quality and dissolving rates of the product compared to traditional crystalline goods. A nebulizer system sprays an aerosol solution into plasma by use of a carrier gas in a cold plasma crystal (argon). The plasma warms and loads the droplets causing solvent and columbic fission evaporation, and then the nucleation and crystal formation start within the limited volume given by the tiny drops. This produces nano-sized crystals. MP

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5

Amiinu, Ibrahim Saana, Nilotpal Kapuria, Temilade Esther Adegoke, et al. "Evolution of hierarchically-layered Cu-rich silicide nano-architectures." Crystal Growth & Design 20, no. 10 (2020): 6677–82. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.0c00833.

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A solution based synthesis of well-ordered Cu-rich silicide nanoarchitectures, consisting of a pair of layered cups and stems (<em>ρ</em>-Cu<sub>15</sub>Si<sub>4</sub>) is demonstrated. The as-grown <em>ρ</em>-Cu<sub>15</sub>Si<sub>4</sub> typically exhibits distinct interconnected 1D stems, consisting of a stack of nanorods (&sim;300 nm in length), terminated with concave hexagonal 3D cups that evolve through a self-regulated layer-by-layer growth mechanism. Discrete-time <em>ex situ</em> experimental observations reveal that the<em> ρ</em>-Cu<sub>15</sub>Si<sub>4</sub> 

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6

SUMMERS, CHRISTOPHER J., CURTIS W. NEFF, and WOUNJHANG PARK. "ACTIVE PHOTONIC CRYSTAL NANO-ARCHITECTURES." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 12, no. 04 (2003): 587–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863503001663.

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The development of nano-scaled photonic crystal structures has resulted in many new devices exhibiting non-classical optical behavior. Typically, in these structures a photonic band gap and associated defect mode are used to create waveguides, resonators, couplers and filters. In this paper we propose that the functionality of these structures can be significantly enhanced by the infiltration of the photonic crystal with other classes of materials, particularly highly nonlinear liquid crystals and electro-optical materials. The properties of conventional 2D PC slab waveguides were simulated by

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Ma, Rongguo, Qingli Zhang, Jinyun Gao, et al. "Study on the brittle-plastic transition of YAG crystals based on nano-scratch experiments." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2713, no. 1 (2024): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2713/1/012050.

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Abstract YAG crystals are typically hard and brittle materials that are prone to be damaged during optical processing. In order to improve processing quality, it is necessary to avoid brittle damage as much as possible so that the material is removed in the plastic domain, so it is particularly important to study the critical conditions for the brittle-plastic transition of YAG crystals. The brittle-plastic transition of the (100) and (111) crystal faces of YAG crystals was investigated by variable load and constant load nano-scratch experiments. By analyzing the scratch morphology and frictio

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8

Zhang, Yunjie, Xu Wang, Guodong Zhang, Razvan Stoian, and Guanghua Cheng. "Nano-Crystal and Microstructure Formation in Fluoride Photo-Thermo-Refractive Glass Using Chirp-Controlled Ultrafast Laser Bessel Beams." Nanomaterials 11, no. 6 (2021): 1432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11061432.

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Nano-crystals were formed in the exposed regions of photo-thermo-refractive glass undergoing irradiation with zeroth order chirp-controlled ultrafast laser Bessel beams and subsequent heat treatment. Effects of various writing powers, pulse durations and heat treatment time on the distribution and the size of the nano-crystals were investigated. The results show that nano-crystals’ distribution depended on the laser power density spatial shape, while the size of the nano-crystals is quasi-independent. However, the average diameter of the nano-crystals was affected by the heat treatment time, d

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Liu, Hailu, Dong Xie, Huayan Shen, Fayong Li, and Junjia Chen. "Functional Micro–Nano Structure with Variable Colour: Applications for Anti-Counterfeiting." Advances in Polymer Technology 2019 (December 8, 2019): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6519018.

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Colour patterns based on micro-nano structure have attracted enormous research interests due to unique optical switches and smart surface applications in photonic crystal, superhydrophobic surface modification, controlled adhesion, inkjet printing, biological detection, supramolecular self-assembly, anti-counterfeiting, optical device and other fields. In traditional methods, many patterns of micro-nano structure are derived from changes of refractive index or lattice parameters. Generally, the refractive index and lattice parameters of photonic crystals are processed by common solvents, salts

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Schmahl, Wolfgang, Erika Griesshaber, Lurdes Fernandez-Diaz, et al. "Hierarchical structure of CaCO3biominerals – mesocrystals and functionalization." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314097605.

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Skeletal parts and teeth of marine organisms, avian eggshells, trilobite and isopod eyes, and many more biomineralized tissues consist of bio-calcite or bio-aragonite crystals. We explore the nano- to micro-scale architectures of these materials by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and complementary techniques. In contrast to their inorganic cousins the biogenic "crystals" are hybrid composites with small amounts of organic matrix controlling morphogenesis and critically improving mechanical performance or other functions. For the biominerals meso-crystal-like structures are ubiquitous,

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11

Lie, Guang Hua, Zhi Lie Tang, Gan Wen Lie, Ting Yang, and Xiu Wen Tang. "Measure of the Optical and Electrical Properties of Semiconductor SiO₂ Nano-Crystalline by Using Photo-Acoustic Technology." Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (December 2011): 2156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.2156.

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By using a new type of single-beam normalized photo-acoustic spectroscopy that with weak signal detection and non-invasive testing, the photo-acoustic spectroscopy of semiconductor SiO2 nano-crystals was measured，the measured spectra of semiconductor SiO2 nano-crystals absorption coefficient was 0.20, and powders band gap is 3.4eV. The TEM image shows that the semiconductor SiO2 nano-crystals are round lump structure, while the grain size of the semiconductor SiO2 nano-crystals is about 70x200 nm, and the average particle size after the reunion is 100x300 nm. Compared with their micron crystal

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DIWAN, BHOOPENDRA DHAR, and N. KUMAR SWAMY. "DEPENDENCY OF THERMO-PHYSICAL PROPERTIES ON SURFACE BONDING OF BN NANO-CRYSTAL." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 22 (January 2013): 525–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194513010611.

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In this paper we have studied the variation of normalized per-atom pair cohesive (binding) energy and melting temperature with size and number of atom-pairs in the BN nano-crystal by simple model approach. In small nano-particles, large proportions of their atoms reside either at or near the surface, and those in clusters are basically all on the surface. So, we have to study the surface configuration in detail that leads the constancy of the crystals. Even for bulk materials, parameters that ensure this constancy involving normalized cohesive energy, surface reconstruction, iconicity, bulk st

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13

Witika, Bwalya A., Vincent J. Smith, and Roderick B. Walker. "Top-Down Synthesis of a Lamivudine-Zidovudine Nano Co-Crystal." Crystals 11, no. 1 (2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010033.

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Lamivudine (3TC) and zidovudine (AZT) are antiretroviral agents used to manage HIV/AIDS infection. A wet media milling top-down approach was used to develop and produce nano co-crystals of 3TC and AZT. Micro co-crystals were prepared by solvent evaporation and subsequently milled in the presence of two surfactants, viz., sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate 1000 (TPGS 1000). Optimisation was undertaken using design of experiments (DoE) and response surface methodology (RSM) to establish and identify parameters that may affect the manufacturing of nano co-c

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Lie, Guang Hua, Zhi Lie Tang, Gan Wen Lie, Ting Yang, Xiu Wen Tang, and Le Xi Shao. "Measure of the Optical Properties of Semiconductor Pb₃O₄ Nano-Crystalline of Using Photo-Acoustic Technology." Advanced Materials Research 354-355 (October 2011): 246–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.354-355.246.

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The application of new single-beam normalized photo-acoustic spectroscopy in semiconductor Pb3O4 nano-crystals photo-acoustic spectroscopy was carried out. The measured spectra of semiconductor Pb3O4 nano-crystals absorption coefficient of 0.95, and then measured the semiconductor Pb3O4 nano-crystals powders band gap is 2.3 . The TEM image shows the semiconductor Pb3O4 nano-crystals are round granular structure, while the XRD spectrum indicates that the semiconductor Pb3O4 nano-crystals are tetragonal. The grain size measured to be about 30nm, and the average particle size after the reunion is

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15

Dufresne, Alain. "Polysaccharide nano crystal reinforced nanocomposites." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 86, no. 6 (2008): 484–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v07-152.

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There are numerous examples of animals or plants that synthesize extracellular high-performance skeletal biocomposites consisting of a matrix reinforced by nano sized crystalline domains. Cellulose and chitin are classical examples of these reinforcing elements, which occur as whisker-like microfibrils that are biosynthesized and deposited in a continuous fashion. In many cases, this mode of biogenesis leads to crystalline microfibrils that are almost defect-free, and whose axial physical properties therefore approach those of perfect crystals. During the last decade we have attempted to mimic

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16

Larsen, Brecken, Christopher Ausbeck, Timothy F. Bennet, et al. "Crystallization in Zirconia Film Nano-Layered with Silica." Nanomaterials 11, no. 12 (2021): 3444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11123444.

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Gravitational waves are detected using resonant optical cavity interferometers. The mirror coatings’ inherent thermal noise and photon scattering limit sensitivity. Crystals within the reflective coating may be responsible for either or both noise sources. In this study, we explored crystallization reduction in zirconia through nano-layering with silica. We used X-ray diffraction (XRD) to monitor crystal growth between successive annealing cycles. We observed crystal formation at higher temperatures in thinner zirconia layers, indicating that silica is a successful inhibitor of crystal growth.

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Bai, Yun Shan, Rong Shao, Lu De Lu, and Jian Chun Bao. "Synthesis and Characterization of Neodymium Zirconate Nanocrystals Doped with Aluminium Ions by a Salt-Assistant Combustion Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 1775–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.1775.

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Neodymium zirconate nanocrystals doped aluminium ion NdxAl2-xZr2O7 with pyrochlore structure were prepared by a salt-assistant glycine combustion method. Zirconium nitrate, aluminium nitrate and neodymium nitrate were used as chemicals, and glycine was used as burning agent. The as-prepared NdxAl2-xZr2O7 nano-crystals were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TEM and HRTEM. The results showed the Nd ions can be partially replaced by Al ions. For crystalline Nd1.9Al0.1Zr2O7, there are four strong diffraction peaks at 2θ = 29.02°, 33.70°, 48.37° and 57.37° corresponding crystal faces are 0.308nm, 0.266n

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18

Li, Ge, Qing Long Zhang, Ming Chen, and Lin Yong Zhou. "Analysis on Crack Propagation Mechanism of Nano-Single Crystal Copper about Temperature Influence." Advanced Materials Research 581-582 (October 2012): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.581-582.341.

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By molecular dynamics method, the tensile processes of nano-single crystal copper with the type I crack under different temperature were simulated, and the effect of different temperature to crack propagation mechanism was analyzed. The results indicate that the temperature has significant effect on crack propagation mechanism of nano-single crystal copper. While the crack is the intrinsic brittle cleavage extension under low temperature and room temperature, the twin crystal is not easily to generate; whereas, dislocation climb caused twin crystal belt appears near the crack tip under high te

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Wang, Li Hsiang, and Su Hua Yang. "Nano Photoelectric Material Structures – Photonic Crystals." Advanced Materials Research 677 (March 2013): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.677.9.

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Photonic crystals are periodic dielectric structural materials that have photonic band gaps, and are divided into on-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional structures based on their spatial distributions. One-dimensional photonic crystals have already found real-world applications. Three-dimensional photonic crystals are still in the experimental phase in laboratories. Due to their superior characteristics, photonic crystal materials are sure to be widely developed and applied in the future. This paper briefly introduces the principle of photonic crystals, facts about their theore

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Zheng, Kui, Tao Chen, Jian Zhang, et al. "Nano-Montmorillonite Regulated Crystallization of Hierarchical Strontium Carbonate in a Microbial Mineralization System." Materials 12, no. 9 (2019): 1392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12091392.

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In this paper, nano-montmorillonite (nano-MMT) was introduced into the microbial mineralization system of strontium carbonate (SrCO3). By changing the nano-MMT concentration and the mineralization time, the mechanism of mineralization was studied. SrCO3 superstructures with complex forms were acquired in the presence of nano-MMT as a crystal growth regulator. At low concentrations of nano-MMT, a cross-shaped SrCO3 superstructure was obtained. As the concentration increased, flower-like SrCO3 crystals formed via the dissolution and recrystallization processes. An emerging self-assembly process

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Kamanina, N. V., S. V. Likhomanova, Yu A. Zubtcova, A. A. Kamanin, and A. Pawlicka. "Functional Smart Dispersed Liquid Crystals for Nano- and Biophotonic Applications: Nanoparticles-Assisted Optical Bioimaging." Journal of Nanomaterials 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8989250.

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Functional nematic liquid crystal structures doped with nano- and bioobjects have been investigated. The self-assembling features and the photorefractive parameters of the structured liquid crystals have been comparatively studied via microscopy and laser techniques. Fullerene, quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, DNA, and erythrocytes have been considered as the effective nano- and biosensitizers of the LC mesophase. The holographic recording technique based on four-wave mixing of the laser beams has been used to investigate the laser-induced change of the refractive index in the nano- and bioobje

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Wang, Likun, Zhaoran Chu, Xuanjun Ning, et al. "Inverse Colloidal Crystal Polymer Coating with Monolayer Ordered Pore Structure." Crystals 12, no. 3 (2022): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12030378.

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A functional lens coating, based on the structure of inversed colloidal photonic crystals, is proposed. The color-reflecting colloidal crystal was first prepared by self-assembly of nano-colloids and was infiltrated by adhesive polymer solution. As the polymer was crosslinked and the crystal array was removed, a robust mesh-like coating was achieved. Such a functional coating has good transmittance and has a shielding efficiency of ~9% for UV–blue light according to different particle sizes of the nano-colloids, making it an ideal functional material.

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He, Tian-Qu, Zhi Wang, Chuang-Ye Li, et al. "Sulfated Laminarin Polysaccharides Reduce the Adhesion of Nano-COM Crystals to Renal Epithelial Cells by Inhibiting Oxidative and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress." Pharmaceuticals 17, no. 6 (2024): 805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph17060805.

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Purpose: Adhesion between calcium oxalate crystals and renal tubular epithelial cells is a vital cause of renal stone formation; however, the drugs that inhibit crystal adhesion and the mechanism of inhibition have yet to be explored. Methods: The cell injury model was constructed using nano-COM crystals, and changes in oxidative stress levels, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress levels, downstream p38 MAPK protein expression, apoptosis, adhesion protein osteopontin expression, and cell–crystal adhesion were examined in the presence of Laminarin polysaccharide (DLP) and sulfated DLP (SDLP) under

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Olyaee, Saeed. "Ultra-fast and compact all-optical encoder based on photonic crystal nano-resonator without using nonlinear materials." Photonics Letters of Poland 11, no. 1 (2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v11i1.890.

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In this paper an ultra-compact all-optical encoder is presented by using a two-dimensional photonic crystal. The designed logic gate is based on the interference effect. The proposed structure consists of several photonic crystal waveguides connected by 2 nano-resonators. The nano-resonators are designed to reduce the size of the radius of the dielectric rods. The contrast ratios and delay time for the proposed all-optical encoder are respectively 6 dB and 125 fs. The size of the structure is equal to 132 µm2. Equality of the output power in the logic states “one”, the small dimensions, the lo

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Kar, Soumitra, Swadeshmukul Santra, and Subhadra Chaudhuri. "Direct Synthesis of ZnS Nanoribbons, Micro-Sheets and Tetrapods." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 6 (2008): 3222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.150.

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ZnS nano and micro structures such as nanoribbons, large sheets and tetrapod shaped crystals were fabricated by direct thermal evaporation of ZnS powder without using any catalyst. Formation of the one dimensional structures such as nanoribbons and micron order sheets was attributed to the vapor-solid growth mechanism. The formation of octahedron nucleus with cubic crystal structures was proposed as the growth unit of the wurtzite crystal structured tetrapods. Appearance of the periodic stacking faults or twining planes in between alternate cubic and hexagonal crystal structured zones along th

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Yamaguchi, Masaki, Hiroyuki Matsukizono, Yasushi Okumura, and Hirotsugu Kikuchi. "Nanostructured Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystals Using a Ferroelectric Smectic A Liquid Crystal." Molecules 29, no. 20 (2024): 4837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29204837.

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Nanostructured polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (nano-PDLCs) are transparent and optically isotropic materials in which submicron-sized liquid crystal (LC) domains are dispersed within a polymer matrix. Nano-PDLCs can induce birefringence by applying an electric field (E-field) based on the reorientation of the LC molecules. If nano-PDLCs are utilized as light-scattering-less birefringence memory materials, it is necessary to suppress the relaxation of the LC molecule orientation after the removal of the E-field. We focused on the ferroelectric smectic A (SmA) phase to suppress the relaxation

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Bommineni, Praveen K., and Sudeep N. Punnathanam. "Enhancement of nucleation of protein crystals on nano-wrinkled surfaces." Faraday Discussions 186 (2016): 187–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5fd00119f.

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The synthesis of high quality protein crystals is essential for determining their structure. Hence the development of strategies to facilitate the nucleation of protein crystals is of prime importance. Recently, Ghatak and Ghatak [Langmuir 2013, 29, 4373] reported heterogeneous nucleation of protein crystals on nano-wrinkled surfaces. Through a series of experiments on different proteins, they were able to obtain high quality protein crystals even at low protein concentrations and sometimes without the addition of a precipitant. In this study, the mechanism of protein crystal nucleation on nan

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SONG, KAI, RENAUD VALLEE, MARK VAN DER AUWERAER, and KOEN CLAYS. "SPONTANEOUS EMISSION OF NANO-ENGINEERED FLUOROPHORES IN PHOTONIC CRYSTALS." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 15, no. 01 (2006): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863506003128.

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The spontaneous emission of fluorophores embedded in a photonic crystal has been studied. By nano-engineering a sandwich-like photonic structure, such that fluorophore-coated photonic atoms constitute a middle layer between the photonic crystals, we have been able to precisely control the location of fluorophores in photonic crystals and exclude the presence of fluorophores at the surface of the crystal. It has been found that the stopband in the transmission spectrum is deeper than the stopband in the emission spectrum. We conjecture that the omnidirectional propagation of the emission from a

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Mudunuru, Sowmya, Ganapavarapu Veera Raghava Sharma, Chandra Sekhara Rao Gurubilli, Srinivasa Rao G., and Gowri Sankara Rao B. "CHARACTERIZATION OF NANO-DOPED LIQUID CRYSTALS BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION, SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE AND OPTICAL COLORIMETRY." RASAYAN Journal of Chemistry 17, no. 03 (2024): 838–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2024.1738868.

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In this paper, the self-assembling nature of nano-doped liquid crystals is characterized using different techniques. Liquid crystals, namely 4, n-alkoxybenzoic acid (nOBA, where n = 7,8), doped with magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4 of size 20nm) are considered for the present study. The structural and morphological properties of nano-doped liquid crystals are determined by the techniques of X-ray diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Morphological properties like grains, grain boundaries, and crystal defects are elucidated using the scanning electron microscope technique. Structural prope

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Intatha, Uraiwan, Krit Sujarittangtham, and Sukum Eitssayeam. "Effect of SrTiO₃ Nano-Crystals on the Dielectric Properties of Na_0.47K_0.47Li_0.06NbO₃ Ceramics by Seed-Induced Method." Key Engineering Materials 690 (May 2016): 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.690.162.

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A solid-state reaction method is generally used to fabricate ceramics. This work studies the influence of heterogenous nano-crystallites on electrical properties of lead free Na0.47K0.47Li0.06NbO3 (NKLN) ceramics by adding SrTiO3 nano-crystals as the initial phase of reaction. The lead-free piezoelectric ceramics were synthesized by the seed-induced method. The SrTiO3 nano-crystals used as seeds were prepared by molten salt technique. The seed content was varied from 0 to 10.0 mol%. The investigation reports microstructure and electrical properties of ceramics. The XRD showed a mixed tetragona

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Sun, H. P., H. Li, H. D. Li, G. T. Zou, Z. Zhang, and X. Q. Pan. "Electron Beam Irradiation Induced Structural Modulation and Damage in GaN Nano Crystals." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (2001): 492–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600028531.

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GaN is a semiconductor material with promising applications in display and laser devices. GaNbased thin films have been grown by various methods and intensively investigated. Additionally, GaN nano particles have been prepared by various different methods. in this paper, we report our new finding of the structural modulation of GaN nano crystals induced by electron beam irradiation within a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The origin of the modulation structure is due to the ordering of N vacancies in the GaN nano crystals.The GaN nano crystals were prepared by d.c arc plasma method. A

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Ha, Taewan, and Seunggu Kang. "Crystallization Mechanism and Photoluminescence Properties of CaF2–Al2O3–SiO2: Eu Glass-Ceramics Based on Nano-Scale Phase Separation Phenomenon." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 11 (2020): 6609–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.18773.

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In this paper, CaF2–Al2O3–SiO2 glass containing nano-sized CaF2 crystals were fabricated using phase separation phenomenon and the effects of rare earth ion (Eu) addition on the optical properties were investigated. The formation conditions for nano-sized CaF2 crystal phase were confirmed using non-isothermal analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement, while inhibiting anorthite or wollastonite crystal formation. The phase separation phenomenon in the mother glass and the nano-sized crystals generated by heat treatment were observed through the microstructure analysis using scanning elec

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Armstrong, Ronald W., and Wayne L. Elban. "Crystal Strengths at Micro- and Nano-Scale Dimensions." Crystals 10, no. 2 (2020): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10020088.

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Higher strength levels, achieved for dimensionally-smaller micro- and nano-scale materials or material components, such as MEMS devices, are an important enabler of a broad range of present-day engineering devices and structures. Beyond such applications, there is an important effort to understand the dislocation mechanics basis for obtaining such improved strength properties. Four particular examples related to these issues are described in the present report: (1) a compilation of nano-indentation hardness measurements made on silicon crystals spanning nano- to micro-scale testing; (2) stress

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Ando, Shinji, Katsuhiro Oyabu, Kousei Hirayama, Masayuki Tsushida, and Hideki Tonda. "Crack Propagation Behavior in Nano Size HCP Crystals by Molecular Dynamic Simulation." Key Engineering Materials 297-300 (November 2005): 280–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.297-300.280.

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A crack propagation behavior of hcp crystal has been simulated by molecular dynamics method using Lennard-Jones type potential. A notch was introduced to model crystals with free surfaces. The size of the model was 13nm×24nm×4.6nm and about 80000 atoms were included in the model. A crack propagated by applying tensile strain on top and bottom layer of the model crystal. A definite dependence of crystallographic orientation on crack propagation behavior was obtained. In a model crystal with initial notch plane and direction were (101 0), [1 210], the crack propagated parallel to notch plane and

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Bai, Li Mei, Yue Xin Han, Li Xia Li, Ri Xiao, and Shu Juan Dai. "Effect of Crystal Contolling Agents on Shapes of Nanometer Calcium Carbonate." Advanced Materials Research 92 (January 2010): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.92.79.

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In laboratory, there polymorphs’ nano-calcium carbonates were synthesized through adding on different crystal controlling agents by the bath-type carburizing reagent in the given conditions. When selecting addition J as the crystal controlling agent, lamellar nano-calcium carbonate products with average size about 150×110×15 nm were synthesized. When selecting annexing agent I as the crystal controlling agent, rod nano-calcium carbonates were synthesized, which average grain diameter was 90 nm, average length was 944 nm, and aspect ratio was 10.5. When selecting annexing agent G as the crystal

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Bai, Yun Shan, Song Chen, Lu De Lu, and Jian Chun Bao. "Study of Degradation of Photocatalytic Methyl Orange on Nano Nd_xCo_2-xZr₂O₇." Advanced Materials Research 602-604 (December 2012): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.602-604.169.

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Cubic pyrochlore type NdxCo2-xZr2O7 nano-crystals were prepared by salt-assistant glycine solution combustion method (SGCM), with neodymium nitrate, cobalt nitrate and zirconium nitrate as raw materials, glycine as the incendiary agent, and KCl as a reaction inert salt. The NdxCo2-xZr2O7 nano-crystals were characterized by means of XRD (X-ray powder diffraction), FT-IR (Fourier trans-form-infrared spectroscopy), Raman spectroscopy, TEM (Transmission electron microscope) and HRTEM (High resolution transmission electron microscopy). The results showed that neodymium ions were partially substitut

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Ishizuka, Kazuo, Paul H. C. Eilers, and Toshihiro Kogure. "Optimal Noise Filters in High-Resolution Electron Microscopy." Microscopy Today 15, no. 5 (2007): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500061186.

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Most of the specimens for high-resolution electron microscopy have amorphous surface layers due to contamination during observation and/or damaged surface layers during specimen preparation. Moreover, many specimens are radiation sensitive, and a part of the specimen easily becomes amorphous during the observation. These amorphous materials make clear observation of crystal structure difficult. A periodic structure may be extracted by simply using a periodic mask in Fourier space. However, this kind of mask often introduces a periodic feature in addition to the crystal structure. To reduce suc

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Gorthy, Rukmini, Susan Krumdieck, and Catherine Bishop. "Process-Induced Nanostructures on Anatase Single Crystals via Pulsed-Pressure MOCVD." Materials 13, no. 7 (2020): 1668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13071668.

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The recent global pandemic of COVID-19 highlights the urgent need for practical applications of anti-microbial coatings on touch-surfaces. Nanostructured TiO2 is a promising candidate for the passive reduction of transmission when applied to handles, push-plates and switches in hospitals. Here we report control of the nanostructure dimension of the mille-feuille crystal plates in anatase columnar crystals as a function of the coating thickness. This nanoplate thickness is key to achieving the large aspect ratio of surface area to migration path length. TiO2 solid coatings were prepared by puls

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Zhao, Bo, Guo Fu Gao, Yan Wu, and Feng Jiao. "Research on Micro Characteristics of Surface and Subsurface Layer in Two-Dimensional Ultrasonic Grinding Nano-Composite Ceramics." Key Engineering Materials 375-376 (March 2008): 395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.375-376.395.

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This work mainly studied the deterioration layer structure, crystal grain size, crystal lattice distortion of ground surface in two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration grinding nano-composite ceramics. The research indicated that under a certain grinding condition the ductile deformation layer on the ground surface of nano-composite ceramics in two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration grinding is formed by the ways of material powdering, crystal grain fragmentation, materials extrusion, the crystal grain pull-off and so on. The transition layer between the surface layer and the base body is plastic d

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Giacobbe, Carlotta, Jonathan Wright, Catherine Dejoie, et al. "Depicting the crystal structure of fibrous ferrierite from British Columbia using a combined synchrotron techniques approach." Journal of Applied Crystallography 52, no. 6 (2019): 1397–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576719013980.

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The ferrierite crystal structure has often been subject to discussion because of the possible lowering of symmetry from the space group Immm. It mainly occurs in nature with a fibrous crystal habit, and because of the existence of line/planar defects in the framework, texture and preferred orientation effects it has been difficult to obtain an exact crystallographic model based only on the results from powder diffraction data. Therefore, nano-single-crystal diffraction and tomography data have been combined in order to improve the refinement with a meaningful model. High-quality single-crystal

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WANG, DINGDI, WENHAO GUO, SHENGWANG DU, and Z. K. TANG. "FROZEN IODINE MOLECULES IN NANO-PORES OF ZEOLITE SINGLE CRYSTALS." Modern Physics Letters B 27, no. 18 (2013): 1330014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984913300147.

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We review the recent study of novel optical properties of iodine molecules trapped inside the nano-channels of single zeolite crystals. It has been verified by Raman spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation that there are two favorite orientations of iodine molecules inside the AlPO 4-11 (AEL) and AlPO 4-5 (AFI) crystal channels: "lying" along the channel direction or "standing" inside the channel. Switching between the "lying" and "standing" configurations of iodine molecules inside the AEL crystals can be controlled by varying the density of water molecules inside the crystal channels.

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Kotrechko, Sergiy, Igor Mikhailovskij, Tatiana Mazilova, and Oleksandr Ovsjannikov. "Strength Hierarchy for Nano-Sized Crystals." Key Engineering Materials 592-593 (November 2013): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.592-593.301.

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A concept of atomic mechanisms governing strength of nanosized defect-free crystals is presented. It is exhibited that these mechanisms consist in local instability of the lattice. Two main reasons for localization of instability in three-dimension (3D) crystals are analyzed, namely, (i) fluctuation of local stresses induced by thermal vibrations of atoms, and (ii) non-uniform distribution of local stresses caused by a surface tension. Based on this conception, explanations of both the temperature dependence of strength of 3D nanocrystals and scale effect are given. Ideas on the reasons for an

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Chen Chen, Chen Chen, Ting Cheng Ting Cheng, Xiao Zhang Xiao Zhang, and Ruixin Wu and Qingying Wang Ruixin Wu and Qingying Wang. "Synthesis of an Efficient Pb Adsorption Nano-Crystal under Strong Alkali Hydrothermal Environment Using a Gemini Surfactant as Directing Agent." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 41, no. 6 (2019): 1034. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000821/jcsp/41.06.2019.

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Using a gemini surfactant ([C18H37(CH3)2-N+-(CH2)3-N+-(CH3)2C18H37]Cl2) as the directing agent, K2SiO3 and KAlO2 as the source of silicon and aluminum, a Nano-crystal has been successfully synthesized under a strong alkali hydrothermal condition. The material shows hexahedron morphology and its crystal size is between around 250-500 nm. Its liquid specific surface area is 1313.2 m2and#183;g-1. The adsorption process of Pb on the Nano-crystal follows quasi-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation. The maximum Pb adsorption capacity of Nano-crystal is around 1105 mgan

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Akhtar, S., D. Shukla, and V. Kumar. "Studies on Effect of Nano-Talc Filler on Nucleation, Crystal Morphology and Crystallization Behaviour of Semi-Crystalline Plastics." Solid State Phenomena 136 (February 2008): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.136.161.

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The crystallization behavior of semi-crystalline plastics plays a vital role in the development of properties of plastics. The present study examines the effect of addition of 1-5% nano talc filler particles on the nucleation behavior and crystal morphology. Differential Scanning Calorimetry was used to study the dynamic crystallization kinetics of PEEK with different loadings of nano talc filler. The crystalline morphology and non-isothermal kinetics were investigated. Crystallization behaviour was studied using Avrami equation. It is found that the addition of nano-talc enhances the rate of

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Bai, Yun Shan, Jian Ping Zeng, Lu De Lu, and Jian Chun Bao. "Study of Preparation of Nano Nd_xCo_2-xZr₂O₇ and its Catalytic Properties on Ammonium Perchlorate Thermal Decomposition." Advanced Materials Research 602-604 (December 2012): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.602-604.178.

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Cubic pyrochlore type NdxCo2-xZr2O7nano-crystals were prepared by salt-assistant glycine solution combustion method (SGCM), with neodymium nitrate, cobalt nitrate and zirconium nitrate as raw materials, glycine as the incendiary agent, and KCl as a reaction inert salt. The NdxCo2-xZr2O7nano-crystals were characterized by means of XRD (X-ray powder diffraction), FT-IR (Fourier trans- form-infrared spectroscopy), Raman spectroscopy, TEM (Transmission electron microscope) and HRTEM (High resolution transmission electron microscopy). The results showed that neodymium ions were partially substitute

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46

Degawa, M., F. Szalma, and E. D. Williams. "Nano-scale equilibrium crystal shapes." Surface Science 583, no. 2-3 (2005): 126–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2005.03.032.

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47

Yang, Dao Yuan, Juan Wu, Guang Hui Wei, et al. "Sintering Process of Mullite- Corundum Insulation Material with Nano Crystals." Advanced Materials Research 295-297 (July 2011): 311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.295-297.311.

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Mullite- corundum insulation material with nano crystals in matrix was fabricated by gel-casting process. The results showed that the volatilization temperature of organisms is 285°C- 600°C, there is no glass phase appeared in specimens; The mullitization begin at 1000°C, along with the raise of temperature, the quantity of mullite phase increases, especially during 1200°C- 1400°C; when the temperature is up to 1550°C, mullite becomes the main crystal phase and there are also some corundum crystals in the specimens; The specimen matrix sintered at 1550°C is consisted of nano crystals 80nm in l

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48

Lee, Sang Heon. "Analysis of Electromagnetic Properties of Bulk Superconductors." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, no. 9 (2021): 4941–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.19274.

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In the present study, a YBa2Cu3O7−y bulk superconductor added with 5~10 wt% Ag was fabricated employing Sm123 as a seed to produce a superconductive single crystal. Metallic silver was added to the single crystal of YBa2Cu3O7−y to remove defects such as cracks and pores. Electromagnetic properties of the bulk superconductor at 77 K were analyzed based on relationships of magnetic levitation, trapped magnetic force, and critical current density. The critical current density of the superconductor at 77 K and 0 T was 3.53 × 104 A/cm2. Discontinuous points in the distribution of magnetic field lin

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Cao, Zhimin, Wenjun Zong, Junjie Zhang, et al. "Molecular dynamics investigation of frictional decomposition behavior of HMX-tool interface in diamond cutting of HMX crystals." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 73, no. 3 (2021): 508–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-12-2020-0465.

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Purpose This paper aims to reveal the tribochemical reaction mechanism on the nano-cutting interface between HMX crystal and diamond tool. Design/methodology/approach Molecular dynamics simulation of HMX crystal nano-cutting by the reactive force field is carried out in this paper. The affinity of activated atoms and friction damage at the different interface have been well identified by comparing two cutting systems with diamond tool or indenter. The analyses of reaction kinetics, decomposition products and reaction pathways are performed to reveal the underlying atomistic origins of tribocat

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Gaurkhede, S. G., M. M. Khandpekar, S. P. Pati, and A. T. Singh. "Blue Fluorescence in Doped LaF₃ Nanocrystals Synthesized by Microwave Technique." Advanced Materials Research 584 (October 2012): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.584.219.

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Hexagonal-phase LaF3: Ce3+, Pr3+, and Sm3+ doped (LCPS) nano-crystals have been synthesized by keeping same molarities of rare earth elements using aqueous route. The samples have been synthesized in conventional microwave on low power range in about an hour’s time. The phase formation has been verified by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD).Hexagonal geometry of the LCPS nano-crystals has been observed with an average particle size of 20 nm by TEM analysis. The JCPDS Card No. (32-0483) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern has been used for identification of crystal structure. The

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