Academic literature on the topic 'Nanocomposite à matrice polymère'
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Journal articles on the topic "Nanocomposite à matrice polymère"
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Kausar, Ayesha. "Polymeric nanocomposites reinforced with nanowires: Opening doors to future applications." Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting 35, no. 1 (2018): 65–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756087918794009.
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This article presents a state-of-the-art overview on indispensable aspects of polymer/nanowire nanocomposites. Nanowires created from polymers, silver, zinc, copper, nickel, and aluminum have been used as reinforcing agents in conducting polymers and non-conducting thermoplastic/thermoset matrices such as polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene, polyurethane, acrylic polymers, polystyrene, epoxy and rubbers. This review presents the combined influence of polymer matrix and nanowires on the nanocomposite characteristics. This review shows how the nanowire, the nanofiller content, the matrix type and processing conditions affect the final nanocomposite properties. The ensuing multifunctional polymer/nanowire nanocomposites have high strength, conductivity, thermal stability, and other useful photovoltaic, piezo, and sensing properties. The remarkable nanocomposite characteristics have been ascribed to the ordered nanowire structure and the development of a strong interface between the matrix/nanofiller. This review also refers to cutting edge application areas of polymer/nanowire nanocomposites such as solar cells, light emitting diodes, supercapacitors, sensors, batteries, electromagnetic shielding materials, biomaterials, and other highly technical fields. Modifying nanowires and incorporating them in a suitable polymer matrix can be adopted as a powerful future tool to create useful technical applications.
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Kirmayer, Saar, Eyal Aharon, Ekaterina Dovgolevsky, Michael Kalina, and Gitti L. Frey. "Self-assembled lamellar MoS 2 , SnS 2 and SiO 2 semiconducting polymer nanocomposites." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 365, no. 1855 (2007): 1489–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2007.2028.
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Lamellar nanocomposites based on semiconducting polymers incorporated into layered inorganic matrices are prepared by the co-assembly of organic and inorganic precursors. Semiconducting polymer-incorporated silica is prepared by introducing the semiconducting polymers into a tetrahydrofuran (THF)/water homogeneous sol solution containing silica precursor species and a surface-active agent. Semiconducting polymer-incorporated MoS 2 and SnS 2 are prepared by Li intercalation into the inorganic compound, exfoliation and restack in the presence of the semiconducting polymer. All lamellar nanocomposite films are organized in domains aligned parallel to the substrate surface plane. The incorporated polymers maintain their semiconducting properties, as evident from their optical absorption and photoluminescence spectra. The optoelectronic properties of the nanocomposites depend on the properties of both the inorganic host and the incorporated guest polymer as demonstrated by integrating the nanocomposite films into light-emitting diodes. Devices based on polymer-incorporated silica and polymer-incorporated MoS 2 show no diode behaviour and no light emission due to the insulating and metallic properties of the silica and MoS 2 hosts. In contrast, diode performance and electroluminescence are obtained from devices based on semiconducting polymer-incorporated semiconducting SnS 2 , demonstrating that judicious selection of the composite components in combination with the optimization of material synthesis conditions allows new hierarchical structures to be tailored for electronic and optoelectronic applications.
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Kausar, Ayesha. "Corrosion prevention prospects of polymeric nanocomposites: A review." Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting 35, no. 2 (2018): 181–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756087918806027.
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Corrosion is a serious problem for implementing metallic components and devices in industrial zones. Considerable effort has been made to develop corrosion prevention strategies. Initially, paints, pigments, and organic coatings have been applied to prevent metal corrosion. Consequently, conjugated polymers, epoxy resin, phenolics, acrylic polymers, and many thermoplastics as well as thermoset resins have been used to inhibit corrosion. Lately, nanofillers such as fullerene, nanodiamond, graphene, graphene oxide, carbon nanotube, carbon black, nanoclay, and inorganic nanoparticle have been introduced in polymeric matrices to harness valuable corrosion protection properties of the nanocomposite. Corrosion protection performance of a nanocomposite depends on nanofiller dispersion, physical and covalent interaction between matrix/nanofiller and nanofiller adhesion to the substrate. Moreover, a high performance anti-corrosion nanocomposite must have good barrier properties, and high scratch, impact, abrasion, and chemical resistance. Thus, polymeric nanocomposites have been found to prevent corrosion in aerospace and aircraft structural parts, electronic components, bipolar plates in fuel cells, and biomedical devices and systems. However, numerous challenges need to be addressed in this field to attain superior corrosion resistant nanocomposites. Future research on polymer nanocomposites has the potential to resolve the current challenges of metal corrosion through entire replacement of metal-based materials with advanced nanomaterials.
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Kojuch, Luana Rodrigues, Keila Machado Medeiros, Dayanne Diniz de Souza Morais, Edcleide Maria Araújo, and Hélio de Lucena Lira. "Study of Nanocomposites of Polyamide 6.6/National Bentonite Clay." Materials Science Forum 727-728 (August 2012): 894–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.727-728.894.
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Polymers nanocomposites are a class of materials where inorganic substances with nanometrics dimensions are modified and used as dispersed loads in polymers matrices. In this work, polyamide 6.6 was chosen because of its excellent chemical, mechanical and thermal properties. The bentonite clay was treated with quaternary ammonium salt (Cetremide®) to make it organophilic and to improve the interaction with the polymer matrix. It was verified by the Torque Rheometry that the system with salt presented a bigger torque in relation to the torque of the system with untreated clay and pure polyamide 6.6. The nanocomposites presented an exfoliated and partially exfoliated structure, as evidenced by XRD. By DSC, it was observed that the treated clay increases the decomposition temperature of the nanocomposite.
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Kojuch, Luana Rodrigues, Keila Machado de Medeiros, Edcleide Maria Araújo, and Hélio de Lucena Lira. "Obtaining of Polyamide 6.6 Plane Membrane Application in Oil-Water Separation." Materials Science Forum 775-776 (January 2014): 460–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.775-776.460.
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Nanocomposites are a class of materials formed by hybrids of organic and inorganic materials, where the inorganic phase is dispersed at the nanometer level in a polymeric matrix. Several polymers have been used as matrices for the preparation of polymer / clay nanocomposite, among which, polyamide 6.6, by presenting excellent chemical, thermal and mechanical. The nanocomposites exhibit excellent properties the point of view optical, electrical and barrier, and reduced flammability. In this research, micro-porous membranes were obtained from the polyamide 6.6/argila montmorillonite nanocomposite, in order to verify its application in the separation water / oil. The results obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the obtained membranes have a dense layer and a porous layer, and that after the test oil-water separation was observed that the relative flow (J/J0) was greater in compositions with 3% clay, 1.5 bar pressure.
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Kozlov, Georgii V., Gasan M. Magomedov, Gusein M. Magomedov, and Igor V. Dolbin. "The structure of carbon nanotubes in a polymer matrix." Kondensirovannye sredy i mezhfaznye granitsy = Condensed Matter and Interphases 23, no. 2 (2021): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2021.23/3433.
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We carried out an analytical structural analysis of interfacial effects and differences in the reinforcing ability of carbon nanotubes for polydicyclopentadiene/carbon nanotube nanocomposites with elastomeric and glassy matrices. In general, it showed that the reinforcing (strengthening) element of the structure of polymer nanocomposites is a combination of the nanofiller and interfacial regions. In the polymer matrix of the nanocomposite, carbon nanotubes form ring-like structures. Their radius depends heavily on the volume content of the nanofiller. Therefore, the structural reinforcing element of polymer/carbon nanotube nanocomposites can be considered as ring-like formations of carbon nanotubes coated with an interfacial layer. Their structure and properties differ from the characteristics of the bulk polymer matrix.According to this definition, the effective radius of the ring-like formations increases by the thickness of the interfacial layer. In turn, the level of interfacial adhesion between the polymer matrix and the nanofiller is uniquely determined by the radius of the specified carbon nanotube formations. For the considered nanocomposites, the elastomeric matrix has a higher degree of reinforcement compared to the glassy matrix, due to the thicker interfacial layer. It was shown that the ring-like nanotube formations could be successfully modelled as a structural analogue of macromolecular coils of branched polymers. This makes it possible to assess the effective (true) level of anisotropy of this nanofiller in the polymer matrixof the nanocomposite. When the nanofiller content is constant, this level, characterised by the aspect ratio of the nanotubes, uniquely determines the degree of reinforcement of the nanocomposites
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Moghimikheirabadi, Ahmad, Clément Mugemana, Martin Kröger, and Argyrios V. Karatrantos. "Polymer Conformations, Entanglements and Dynamics in Ionic Nanocomposites: A Molecular Dynamics Study." Polymers 12, no. 11 (2020): 2591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112591.
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We investigate nanoparticle (NP) dispersion, polymer conformations, entanglements and dynamics in ionic nanocomposites. To this end, we study nanocomposite systems with various spherical NP loadings, three different molecular weights, two different Bjerrum lengths, and two types of charge-sequenced polymers by means of molecular dynamics simulations. NP dispersion can be achieved in either oligomeric or entangled polymeric matrices due to the presence of electrostatic interactions. We show that the overall conformations of ionic oligomer chains, as characterized by their radii of gyration, are affected by the presence and the amount of charged NPs, while the dimensions of charged entangled polymers remain unperturbed. Both the dynamical behavior of polymers and NPs, and the lifetime and amount of temporary crosslinks, are found to depend on the ratio between the Bjerrum length and characteristic distance between charged monomers. Polymer–polymer entanglements start to decrease beyond a certain NP loading. The dynamics of ionic NPs and polymers is very different compared with their non-ionic counterparts. Specifically, ionic NP dynamics is getting enhanced in entangled matrices and also accelerates with the increase of NP loading.
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Armentano, Ilaria, Matteo Gigli, Francesco Morena, Chiara Argentati, Luigi Torre, and Sabata Martino. "Recent Advances in Nanocomposites Based on Aliphatic Polyesters: Design, Synthesis, and Applications in Regenerative Medicine." Applied Sciences 8, no. 9 (2018): 1452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8091452.
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In the last decade, biopolymer matrices reinforced with nanofillers have attracted great research efforts thanks to the synergistic characteristics derived from the combination of these two components. In this framework, this review focuses on the fundamental principles and recent progress in the field of aliphatic polyester-based nanocomposites for regenerative medicine applications. Traditional and emerging polymer nanocomposites are described in terms of polymer matrix properties and synthesis methods, used nanofillers, and nanocomposite processing and properties. Special attention has been paid to the most recent nanocomposite systems developed by combining alternative copolymerization strategies with specific nanoparticles. Thermal, electrical, biodegradation, and surface properties have been illustrated and correlated with the nanoparticle kind, content, and shape. Finally, cell-polymer (nanocomposite) interactions have been described by reviewing analysis methodologies such as primary and stem cell viability, adhesion, morphology, and differentiation processes.
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Arrigo, Rossella, and Giulio Malucelli. "Rheological Behavior of Polymer/Carbon Nanotube Composites: An Overview." Materials 13, no. 12 (2020): 2771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13122771.
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This paper reviews the current achievements regarding the rheological behavior of polymer-based nanocomposites containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs). These systems have been the subject of a very large number of scientific investigations in the last decades, due to the outstanding characteristics of CNTs that have allowed the formulation of nanostructured polymer-based materials with superior properties. However, the exploitation of the theoretical nanocomposite properties is strictly dependent on the complete dispersion of CNTs within the host matrix and on the consequent development of a huge interfacial region. In this context, a deep knowledge of the rheological behavior of CNT-containing systems is of fundamental importance, since the evaluation of the material’s viscoelastic properties allows the gaining of fundamental information as far as the microstructure of nanofilled polymers is concerned. More specifically, the understanding of the rheological response of polymer/CNT nanocomposites reveals important details about the characteristics of the interface and the extent of interaction between the two components, hence allowing the optimization of the final properties in the resulting nanocomposites. As the literature contains plenty of reviews concerning the rheological behavior of polymer/CNT nanocomposites, this review paper will summarize the most significant thermoplastic matrices in terms of availability and relevant industrial applications.
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Naz, Asima, Rabia Sattar, Muhammad Siddiq, and Muhammad Abid Zia. "Influence of pyrrole feeding ratios on physicochemical characteristics of high-performance multilayered PPy/PVC/PDA@FG-NH2 nanocomposites." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 33, no. 10 (2019): 1358–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705719827352.
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Nanocomposites of conjugated polymers polypyrrole (PPy) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as matrices and 1,4-phenylenediamine (PDA) as a linker with amine functional graphite (FG-NH2) as filler have been efficiently fabricated using in situ oxidative polymerization, and the effect of various mass ratios on physicochemical characteristics of prepared nanocomposite was investigated. The layer-by-layer oxidative polymerization of various matrices on host filler surface is confirmed by Fourier transform infrared, energy dispersive X-ray, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy examinations. Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed fibrillary morphology of obtained nanocomposites. Thermal stability, glass transition temperature, and melting and crystallization temperature of the nanocomposites were increased with the incorporation of modified graphite. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis explored the improved adsorption capacity (128 cm3 g−1) of the nanocomposite with higher feeding ratio of pyrrole. The influence of FG-NH2 and pyrrole on electrical conductivity performance of composites was also investigated. Functionalized graphite in the resultant PPy/PVC/PDA@FG-NH2 nanocomposites played an important role in forming conducting network in PPy matrix indicating synergistic effect between PPy and FG-NH2.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nanocomposite à matrice polymère"
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Liu, Qin. "Amélioration des propriétés de conversion électromécanique dans les polymères électrostrictifs." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAL0022.
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La thèse est consacrée aux matériaux électro-actifs, qui sont développés et conçus pour faire de la conversion entre énergie électrique et énergie mécanique. Avec les nouvelles technologies émergentes de transduction électromécanique, les polymères électro-actifs (EAP) ont gagné une attention considérable. Ils présentent de grandes déformations quand ils sont soumis à un champ électrique. Cependant, ces matériaux présentent de faibles permittivités et exigent pour fonctionner l’application de forts champs électriques. Les recherches entreprises dans la thèse traitent de différentes méthodes ayant pour but d'augmenter la permittivité des polymères et par conséquent d’améliorer les propriétés électromécaniques sous des champs électriques modérés. Les différentes approches consistent à la mise au point de nouveaux matériaux, par la méthode de mélange de polymères ou en utilisant un nouveau type de polymère, et par l'incorporation de nano-charges spéciales dans la matrice polymère. Un mélange de polyuréthane (PU) et PEMG obtenu à partir d'un procédé en solution conduit à des valeurs plus basses de module de Young, mais aussi à de plus faibles permittivités diélectriques. Il est cependant mis en évidence une amélioration des propriétés électromécaniques, par exemple, à le gain à des champs électriques modérés est d’un facteur 2, avec seulement 9% en poids de PEMG. Deux types de Pebax sont testés comme matrice polymère. Des valeurs très élevées de permittivités sont obtenus plus particulièrement pour le Pebax1657 mais liés pour ce matériau à des valeurs élevées de conductivité. En dépit de ces permittivités élevées, seule une légère amélioration de la conversion électromécanique est observée par rapport au polyurethane. Nous nous sommes également intéressés aux nanocomposites de polyuréthane basés sur desnanoparticules d'argent recouvertes de polymère polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Un fin revêtement de polymère sur les nanoparticules d'argent conduit à une meilleure dispersion des charges dans les films de polyuréthane, et des valeurs plus élevées de permittivité. Différentes quantités d'Ag-PVP sont testées jusqu'au seuil de percolation proche de 45% en poids de charges. À partir des mesures par interférométrie laser et du nouveau dispositif de caractérisation croisée, les propriétés électromécaniques optimales sont obtenues pour 20% en poids de Ag-PVP, avecun gain de 2 à 6 par rapport au polyuréthane pur. Afin d'expliquer la différence entre les résultats expérimentaux et attendus, et par conséquent pour parvenir à une meilleure compréhension du comportement électromécanique de ces différents matériaux, certaines hypothèses ont été discutées et testées. Nous avons montré notamment une baisse des permittivités diélectriques sous champs électriques pour les Pebax et les nanocomposites, des problèmes d'absorption d'eau pour les Pebax et une diminution de cristallinité dans le cas des nanocomposites PU-Ag<br>The thesis is devoted to electroactive materials, which are developed and designed to make conversion between the electricity and the mechanical form. With newer emerging electromechanical transduction technologies, electroactive polymers (EAP) have gained a considerable attention. The polymers are competitive in many applications such as actuators, sensors, robotic system and biological mimics since they are cheap, light, easy to process, and they present large electric field-induced strains. However, these materials suffer from the low permittivity and high voltage requirement to drive the actuations. The research undertaken for the thesis intends then to provide different methods in order to enhance the polymer permittivity and consequently the electromechanical activities at moderate electric fields. The different approaches consist on the development of new materials by polymer blend method or by using new kind of polymer, and on the incorporation of special nano-fillers in the polymer matrix. A blend of polyurethane (PU) and poly [ethylene-co-(methyl acrylate)-co-(glycidyl methacrylate) (PEMG) obtained from a simple solution method leads to lower values of Young modulus but also lower dielectric permittivities. The PU-PEMG blend presents however an improvement of the electromechanical capabilities, for example it is obtained a two fold increase of the strain at moderate fields with only 9%wt of PEMG.Two types of Polyetherblockamide (Pebax) are tested as polymer matrix. Very high values of permittivities are obtained particulary for Pebax1657 but accompanied for this material by high values of conductivity. Despite these high permittivities (more than 200000 for Pebax 1657 and 500 for Pebax 2533 at 0.1 Hz), only a moderate improvement of the electromechanical capability is observed compared to PU. We are also intererested on polyurethane nanocomposites based on silver nanoparticles coverered by PolyVinylPyrrolidone (PVP) polymer. A little polymer coating of the nanosilver leads to a better dispersion into the polyurethane films and higher values of permittivity. Different amounts of Ag-PVP are tested up to the percolation threshold close to 45%wt of fillers. Based on laser interferometer measurements and new cross characterization device, the optimal electromechanical properties are obtained for 20 %wt of Ag-PVP and a gain of 2 to 6 is obtained compared to pure polyurethane. In order to explain the difference between experimental and expected results and consequently to achieve a better understanding of the electromechanical behaviour of these different materials, some hypotheses were discussed and tested. We have shown particularly a drop of dielectric permittivities under electric fields for Pebax and nanocomposites, some problems of water absorption for Pebax and a decrease of crystallinity for the PU-Ag nanocomposites
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Sarr, Mouhamadou Moustapha. "Étude, synthèse et élaboration de nanocharges biphasées, nanotubes de carbone/diatomées pour l’amélioration des propriétés physiques de nanocomposites à matrice polymère." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0326/document.
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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un projet GREENANONANO né d’un partenariat entre le Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Goodyear et l’Université de Lorraine dans le but de relever un défi technologique concernant l’augmentation des performances des propriétés viscoélastiques de la gomme utilisée dans les pneumatiques. Cette gomme est un composite constitué d’un élastomère (caoutchouc naturel) renforcé par la silice et le noir de carbone. La dispersion de ces charges n’est pas optimale et tend à dégrader les propriétés mécaniques et électrostatiques et donc les performances des pneus. Faces à ces limitations industrielles, l’utilisation d’autres types de renforts tels que les nanotubes de carbone devient une alternative crédible. Etant donné que les nanotubes de carbone (NTCs) ont tendance à s’organiser en fagots, le problème de la dispersion reste à résoudre. Nous proposons dans cette thèse la mise en place d’un matériau biphasé constitué de silice mésoporeuse naturelle, appelée diatomite, sur laquelle ont été synthétisés des NTCs. La grande surface spécifique de la diatomite offre la possibilité d’y faire croître une grande densité de NTCs et d’accroître significativement la surface de contact avec la matrice polymère. Cette thèse multidisciplinaire a débuté par la synthèse de nanoparticules métalliques par ALD pour la croissance de NTCs, suivie d’un développement du procédé de croissance de NTCs sur la diatomite. L’intégration réussie des charges biphasées obtenues au sein de matrices polymériques (élastomère, thermoplastique) a permis de mesurer les propriétés mécaniques, thermiques et électriques des nanocomposites ainsi fabriqués<br>This thesis is part of the GREENANONANO project ensuing from a partnership between the Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Goodyear Company and Université de Lorraine, in order to address a technological challenge for increasing tires performances. The latter are directly related to the viscoelastic properties of the rubber used in tires. This gum is a composite material made by mixing an elastomeric matrix (natural rubber) and fillers (silica and carbon black). Nowadays, the filler dispersion is not optimal, which degrades the mechanical and electrostatic properties and therefore performances of tires. All these industrial limitations require the use of other types of reinforcing agents such as carbon nanotubes. Since carbon nanotubes tend to be organized into bundles, the dispersion problem still exists. We therefore propose in this thesis the synthesis of a biphased material composed by diatomite particles (natural mesoporous silica) on which are grown carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The high surface area of diatomite offers the possibility of growing a high density of CNTs, increasing the contact area with the polymer matrix. This multidisciplinary thesis started with the synthesis of metal nanoparticles by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) to catalyse the growth of CNTs and then a process was developed to grow CNTs on diatomite particles. The successful integration of the resulting biphased particles in polymer matrices (elastomer, thermoplastic) allowed to measure the mechanical, thermal and electrical properties of the nanocomposites thus produced
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Dalmas, Florent. "Composites à matrice polymère et nano-renforts flexibles : propriétés mécaniques et électriques." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012111.
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Cette thèse porte sur la mise en œuvre, la caractérisation microstructurale et l'étude des propriétés macroscopiques de matériaux nanocomposites à matrice polymère (un latex filmogène) renforcée par des nanofibres flexibles à haut facteur de forme. En étudiant deux types de renforts (les nanotubes de carbone et les nanofibrilles de cellulose) et en utilisant deux procédés différents pour l'élaboration des composites, ce travail a permis de mieux comprendre le rôle que jouent les enchevêtrements entre nanofibres et la nature de leurs interactions dans ce type de matériaux. Les propriétés mécaniques aux faibles et grandes déformations, et, dans le cas des renforts nanotubes de carbone, les propriétés élecriques ont été analysées. Une approche de modélisation basée sur la discrétisation des fibres dans un volume représentatif, a permis de discuter l'influence de la tortuosité des fibres et des propriétés électriques des contacts entre fibres sur la percolation électrique.
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Chabert, Emmanuelle. "Propriétés mécaniques de nanocomposites à matrice polymère : approche expérimentale et modélisation." Lyon, INSA, 2002. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2002ISAL0011/these.pdf.
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Ce travail de thèse présente une analyse des propriétés mécaniques de nanocomposites à matrice polymère. Il s'agit d'examiner le rôle de chacun des constituants : la matrice, la charge renforçante et l'interphase (particule-matrice, particule-particule). Nous nous sommes tout d'abord attachés à expliciter, sous forme simple et unifiée, l'approche moléculaire développée au laboratoire GEMPPM (" quasi point defect theory ") destinée à décrire le comportement des polymères amorphes (ou matrice) autour de la transition vitreuse. Une méthodologie originale de détermination des différents paramètres physiques a été proposée et validée sur deux homopolymères amorphes (PET, PMMA) et sur un copolymère statistique (P(S-ABu)). Ensuite, nous avons étudié l'effet du greffage du tensioactif sur les propriétés mécaniques des films de latex. La comparaison de systèmes modèles avec tensioactif greffé et non greffé a montré que l'effet du greffage du tensioactif est faible aux petites et grandes déformations. Par contre, la nature du tensioactif peut éventuellement affecter la morphologie de latex structurés plus complexes, et par conséquent, les propriétés mécaniques des films. Enfin, la dernière partie a été consacrée à l'effet de la présence de charges renforçantes sphériques de taille submicronique. Nous avons étudié le rôle de différents paramètres (fraction volumique, nature de la charge (organique ou minérale), interactions renfort/renfort) sur les propriétés mécaniques élastiques. Pour les modéliser, nous avons développé une approche numérique discrète prenant en compte la microstructure et le contact local renfort/renfort et matrice/renfort. En faisant varier les caractéristiques du contact, on peut ainsi rendre compte des différents résultats expérimentaux de part et d'autre du seuil de percolation géométrique. Finalement, l'analyse des propriétés mécaniques en traction a suggéré que le réseau de charges est détruit dès les premiers pour-cent de déformation<br>This work aims to analyse the mechanical properties of polymer based composites reinforced by spherical nanofillers. The role of each component has been investigated: the polymer matrix, the filler and the interphase (matrix-filler, filler-filler). Firstly, the mechanical behaviour of polymer has been analysed through the molecular approach (“quasi point defect theory”) developped in GEMPPM laboratory. Based on an new formalism, a original method leading to the determination of physical parameters has been proposed. We have then validated this method for various polymers (PMMA, PET and P(S-ABu)). In a second step, the effect of grafted reactive surfactant on mechanical properties of latex films has been investigated. The comparison of self made model systems with grafted and non grafted surfactant has suggested that the grafting of surfactant affects slightly both the small and the large mechanical properties of latex films. On the contrary, the nature of the surfactant might affect the microstructure of complex latex, and in this way their mechanical properties. The last part is devoted to the effect of nanofillers. We have studied the role played by different parameters (concentration, filler nature (organic or mineral), filler/filler interactions) on the elastic mechanical properties. To model these properties, we have developped a discrete numerical approach taking into account the microstructure and the local contact (filler-filler and matrix-filler). The variation of contact caracteristics has thus enabled us to describe the different experimental results below and above the geometric percolation threshold. Finally, the analysis of tensile strain properties has suggested a rupture of the filler network from the first percent of elongation
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Keller, Laurent. "Synthèse de nanocomposites à matrice polymère et charges lamellaires par photopolymerisation." Mulhouse, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MULH0765.
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L'objectif de cette étude a été de mettre au point des systèmes photopolymérisables incorporant des particules d'argile ayant une structure en feuillets (phyllosilicates). Ces dernières ont été au préalables traitées par divers sels d'ammonium pour les rendre organophiles et assurer ainsi une compatibilité optimale avec la matrice polymère. Une caractérisation morphologique des matériaux obtenus a été réalisée par diffraction des rayons X et moscroscopie électronique à transmission. La polymérisation des différentes résines lors de l'exposition au rayonnement ultraviolet a été suivie in situ à l'aide de la spectroscopie infrarouge résolue dans le temps et par réflexion totale atténuée. Les résultats obtenus démontrent que la présence des nanocharges d'argile ne modifie pas ou très peu les cinétiques de polymérisation. Un taux de charges compris entre 2 et 5% conduit à une amélioration significative des propriétés mécaniques et barrière, sans accélérer le processus de photodégradation.
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Wongtimnoi, Komkrisd. "Polyuréthanes électrostrictifs et nanocomposites : caractérisation et analyse des mécanismes de couplages électromécaniques." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00708574.
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Depuis quelques années on s'intéresse aux actionneurs base polymères, souvent appelés polymères électroactifs électroniques (EAPS) pour intégrer dans des microsystèmes électromécaniques (MEMS). Trois mécanismes sont à l'origine du couplage électromécanique : (i) la piézoélectricité qui apparait dans certaines phases cristallines, (ii) la force "de Maxwell" lorsqu'un champ électrique aux bornes du condensateur constitué d'un polymère souples placé entre deux électrodes, et (iii) l'électrostriction, phénomène intrinsèque aux matériaux polaires, mal connu. Les deux derniers se traduisent par une dépendance quadratique de la déformation macroscopique avec le champ électrique appliqué. Parmi les EAPs électrostrictifs, on cite souvent certains polyuréthanes (PU) qui a conduit à ce choix pour ce travail de thèse. Une première partie a consisté à analyser en détail l'électrostriction de 3 PUs, copolymères à blocs de deux types d'unités de répétition, les unes conduisant à des segments rigides très polaires, les autres à des segments souples peu polaires. La séparation de phase qui apparait lors de la mise en œuvre de ces PUs (contenant des fractions différentes de segments souples et rigides) semble propice à l'apparition de leur électrostriction. C'est ce qu'indique une modélisation récemment proposée qui prédit un facteur de près de 1000 entre forces de Maxwell (ici négligeables) et électrostriction. Le comportement des matériaux résultent clairement de la compétition entre contraintes d'origine électrostatique (dipôles des phases polaires dans un gradient de champ électrique) et contraintes mécaniques liées à la rigidité des phases. L'influence systématique de l'épaisseur des films sur leur activité électromagnétique a été rendue compte: les films minces présentent une plus faible déformation à champ électrique donné que les films plus épais. Les films obtenus par évaporation du solvant utilisé pour dissoudre les PU présentent probablement un gradient de microstructure : en surface, l'évaporation rapide limite la séparation de phase, alors qu'elle est plus avancée à cœur. C'est cohérent avec la modélisation reposant sur la présence de gradient de constante diélectrique au sein des films. Dans une dernière partie, on a cherché à augmenter encore l'électrostriction de ces matériaux en dispersant des particules conductrices à conduction électronique, de taille nanométrique (noir de carbone et nanotubes de carbone). On observe trois effets, l'un correspondant à l'augmentation de la constante diélectrique apparente (celle diverge au seuil de percolation), et un deuxième effet à une augmentation des forces d'attraction locales. En revanche, le troisième effet qui contrecarre les forces d'origine électrostatique puisqu'il résulte de l'augmentation de la rigidité dû à la présence des particules rigides. Là encore, la compétition entre contraintes électrostatique et mécanique conduit à un optimum en termes de fraction volumique de particules renforçantes.
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Bosq, Nicolas. "Nanocomposites à matrice polymère : influence de silices nanostructurées sur la cristallisation, la transition vitreuse et les propriétés thermomécaniques." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00932853.
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Le but de ce travail est de comprendre l'influence des nanoparticules de silice sur les transitions physiques de matrices polymères de nature différente : l'alcool polyfurfurylique (PFA), le polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE) et le polydiméthylsiloxane (PDMS). Pour cela, les techniques d'analyse thermique conventionnelles (ATG, DSC, DMA) ont été couplées à des techniques atypiques (DSC multifréquence, FSC, UFSC).Dans le cas du PFA, les nanoparticules de silice ont entrainé une augmentation de la Tg ainsi qu'une amélioration des propriétés thermomécaniques. En outre, il a été démontré que la seule présence de silice suffit à favoriser les mécanismes de polymérisation. La cristallisation du PTFE à partir de l'état fondu a été étudiée pour la première fois sur une gamme de vitesse de refroidissement très large (jusqu'à 800 000 K.s-1). L'effet nucléant des nanoparticules de silice a également été mis en avant à faibles vitesses de refroidissement lors de l'étude de la cristallisation du PTFE chargé. Cependant, il s'est avéré qu'elle ralentit également la diffusion des chaines dans le milieu pour certaines vitesses. L'influence des nanoparticules de silice sur la transition vitreuse et la cristallisation du PDMS a finalement été étudiée. Les résultats ont montré que la silice n'induit pas d'effet significatif sur la transition vitreuse. D'autre part, la silice influence fortement la cinétique de cristallisation. Cet effet a été directement lié au fait que la silice favorise la nucléation sans influencer la diffusion des chaines.
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Barhoumi, Najoua. "Elaboration et mise en forme de matériaux polymères à base de l’ε-caprolactame (PA6) par le procédé de rotomoulage réactif". Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAL0146/document.
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Cette thèse porte sur le rotomoulage réactif de polyamide 6. Ce procédé a la particularité de présenter des cycles thermiques relativement réduit et de fabriquer des polymères sur mesure contrairement à son homologue conventionnelle. La voie envisagée pour la synthèse in situ de PA6 est la polymérisation anionique de l’ε-caprolactame par ouverture de cycle. Le Caprolactamate de sodium et le bromure de caprolactame-magnésium ont été utilisés comme catalyseurs, et l’hexaméthylène dicarbamoyl dicaprolactame a été employé comme activateur. L’étude rhéocinétique de deux systèmes réactifs lactames qui ont été utilisé à différentes compositions et températures a permis de déterminer une formulation appropriée aux exigences du procédé (faible viscosité initiale du système réactif, temps de polymérisation court...). La simultanéité des phénomènes de polymérisation et de cristallisation aux faibles températures à été observé à l’aide des résultats du suivi cinétique par DSC. La mise en forme par la technique de rotomoulage a été réalisée sur une installation pilote de rotomoulage associée à un système d’acquisition de température par télémesure radio. La comparaison des propriétés des articles en PA 6 obtenus par voie réactive par rapport a ceux obtenus par voie fondue, a montré un gain au niveau du temps de cycle et une amélioration des propriétés mécaniques du matériau notamment dans le domaine des faibles déformations. Le rotomoulage de la bicouche PA6/PE-GMA a été ainsi étudié, le contrôle des mécanismes réactionnels mis en jeu à l’interface par rhéologie, durant la formation de la couche de polymère PA6 par voie anionique sur une couche de PE-GMA a été effectué dans un rhéomètre, une bonne adhésion à l’interface a été observé. La faisabilité d’élaboration de nanocomposite PA 6/argile par le procède de rotomoulage réactif a été testé, les caractérisations physico-chimiques et les observations morphologiques ont été étudiés afin d’évaluer l’état de dispersion et la nature des interactions. Durant cette étude, nous avons mesurés la faisabilité de l’intercalation et le gonflement de l’argile dans le monomère ε- caprolactame et estimer la possibilité d’avoir une morphologie exfolié des nanocomposites élaborés par le procédé de rotomoulage réactif<br>A reactive rotational molding (RRM) process was developed to obtain a PA6 by activated anionic ring-opening polymerization of epsilon-caprolactam (APA6). Sodium caprolactamate (C10) and caprolactam magnesium bromide (C1) were employed as catalysts, and difunctional hexamethylene-1,6-dicarbamoylcaprolactam (C20) was used as an activator. The kinetics of the anionic polymerization of ε-caprolactam into polyamide 6 was monitored through dynamic rheology and differential scanning calorimetry measurements. The effect of the processing parameters, such as the polymerization temperature, different catalyst/activator combinations and concentrations, on the kinetics of polymerization is discussed. A temperature of 150°C was demonstrated to be the most appropriate. It was also found that crystallization may occur during PA6 polymerization and that the combination C1/C20 was well suited as it permitted a suitable induction time. Isoviscosity curves were drawn in order to determine the available processing window for RRM. The properties of the obtained APA6 were compared with those of a conventionally rotomolded PA6. Results pointed at lower cycle times and increased tensile properties at weak deformation. Additionally, rotational molding of the bilayer PA6/PE-GMA has been studied, the control of the reactions mechanisms involved in the interface by rheology , during formation of the anionically PA6 polymer layer on a PE- GMA layer was carried out in a rheometer , a good adhesion at the interface was observed. The feasibility of developing nanocomposite PA 6/clay by reactive rotational molding process has been tested; the physico-chemical characterization and morphological observations were studied to assess the state of dispersion and the nature of interactions. During this study, we measured the feasibility of intercalation and swelling the clay in the ε-caprolactam monomer and estimate the possibility of having morphology of exfoliated nanocomposites prepared by reactive rotational molding process
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Jouni, Mohammad. "Nouvelles architectures de nano-systèmes polymères conducteurs à base de mélanges de nanocharges conductrices." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAL0148/document.
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Le domaine de nanocomposites polymères conducteurs a fait l’objet de nombreux travaux et recherches, vu que ces matériaux présentent un fort potentiel pour de nombreuses applications concernant différents secteurs. Toutefois, malgré les progrès et les résultats obtenus pour l’instant, les performances de ce type des matériaux restent insuffisantes pour certaines applications qui peuvent requérir l’association de diverses propriétés (électriques, thermiques, blindage électromagnétique…). Dans cette thèse, on détaille l’élaboration et la caractérisation de nanocomposites polymères conducteurs. Deux types de nanocharges conductrices (nanotubes de carbone (MWCNTs) et nanoparticules d’argent (Ag-NPs)) ont été dispersées soit dans un polymère thermoplastique (polyéthylène PE), soit dans une matrice thermodurcissable (résine époxy amine). Les nanocomposites polymères conducteurs obtenus ont présenté de bonnes propriétés électriques et thermiques ainsi qu’une bonne tenue mécanique favorisée par des taux de charges relativement faibles. La thèse a non seulement étudié des propriétés fondamentales d’un point de vue expérimental mais aussi plus théorique avec de la modélisation. Entre autres, on a pu analyser les mécanismes de conduction à très basses température dans ce type de composites. Les propriétés en termes de conductivité thermique se sont révélées cohérentes avec celles obtenues en conductivité électrique. Des propriétés de blindage électromagnétique de nos composites à base de PE ont été mis en évidence par résonance magnétique nucléaire (RMN)<br>Conductive polymer nanocomposites have been the object of intense researches and investigations recently. In fact, these materials have shown a great potential to be useful for many applications including different sectors. However, despite the promising results reported at the moment in this area, there is still a lack in the performance which can be improved by synchronization of their properties. In this PhD work, we present the preparation and full characterization of conductive polymer nanocomposites. Two kinds of conductive nanofillers (carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs)) have been dispersed either in a thermoplastic polymer (polyethylene PE), or in a thermoset matrix (epoxy amine). The conductive polymer nanocomposites obtained exhibit good electrical and/or thermal properties with conserving the mechanical properties ensured by low fillers fraction. The study was not only based on experimental characterizations but also on modulation to analyze the charge carrier transport at very low temperature in these systems to provide successful understanding to some basic properties which are still actually not fully investigated. Electrical properties are in good agreement with thermal properties. Electromagnetic shielding of our PE based nanocomposites have been studied by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)
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Bahloul, Walid. "Génération in situ de dioxyde de titane par réactions d’hydrolysecondensations dans une matrice polymère fondu." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10124/document.
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L’objectif de ce travail est de générer in situ des particules de dioxyde de titane dans une matrice polypropylène fondu au cours du procédé d’extrusion. La synthèse est basée sur des réactions d’hydrolyse-condensations d’un alkoxyde de titane (le n-tétrabutoxyde de titane). Une approche en milieu modèle a tout d’abord été développée offrant l’avantage de pouvoir travailler en milieu liquide sans prendre en compte de la viscosité du PP ni des effets de cisaillement. En se basant sur les données cinétiques déterminées en milieu modèle, la génération de ces particules de dioxyde titane a été ensuite transposée et modélisée dans le milieu polymère de masse molaire plus élevée. Les analyses chimique, structurale et morphologique ont permis de mettre au point l’élaboration in situ de nanocomposites PP/TiO2 présentant unestructure fractale avec des propriétés viscoélastiques particulières. Enfin l’étude des propriétés bactérienne de ce nanocomposite a mis en avant son pouvoir bactéricide (6Log) pour un taux de charge de 9 % massique<br>Polypropylene/Titanium dioxide (PP/TiO2) nanocomposites were prepared from an original method based on the hydrolysis-condensation reactions of titanium alkoxide inorganic precursor premixed with PP under molten conditions. The synthesis is based on sol-gel method without solvent through extrusion process. A second treatment in hot water was applied in order to improve final conversion degree. First, hydrolysis-condensation reactions of titanium n-butoxide precursor were studied in model medium. Based on a kinetic equation carried out in the model medium, then the synthesis of titanium dioxide particles was transposed and modelled in polypropylene medium with high molar mass. Chemical, structural and morphological analyses highlight the in situ synthesis of bactericides PP/TiO2 nanocomposites andpresenting a particular morphological and rheological behaviour
Book chapters on the topic "Nanocomposite à matrice polymère"
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Cakmak, Hulya, and Ece Sogut. "Functional Biobased Composite Polymers for Food Packaging Applications." In Reactive and Functional Polymers Volume One. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43403-8_6.
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AbstractBiobased polymers are of great interest due to the release of tension on non-renewable petroleum-based polymers for environmental concerns. However, biobased polymers usually have poor mechanical and barrier properties when used as the main component of coatings and films, but they can be improved by adding nanoscale reinforcing agents (nanoparticles - NPs or fillers), thus forming nanocomposites. The nano-sized components have a larger surface area that favors the filler-matrix interactions and the resulting material yield. For example, natural fibers from renewable plants could be used to improve the mechanical strength of the biobased composites. In addition to the mechanical properties, the optical, thermal and barrier properties are mainly effective on the selection of type or the ratio of biobased components. Biobased nanocomposites are one of the best alternatives to conventional polymer composites due to their low density, transparency, better surface properties and biodegradability, even with low filler contents. In addition, these biomaterials are also incorporated into composite films as nano-sized bio-fillers for the reinforcement or as carriers of some bioactive compounds. Therefore, nanostructures may provide antimicrobial properties, oxygen scavenging ability, enzyme immobilization or act as a temperature or oxygen sensor. The promising result of biobased functional polymer nanocomposites is shelf life extension of foods, and continuous improvements will face the future challenges. This chapter will focus on biobased materials used in nanocomposite polymers with their functional properties for food packaging applications.
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AI-Jawhari, Ihsan Flayyih Hasan. "Polymer Nanocomposite Matrices." In Handbook of Polymer and Ceramic Nanotechnology. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10614-0_16-1.
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AI-Jawhari, Ihsan Flayyih Hasan. "Polymer Nanocomposite Matrices." In Handbook of Polymer and Ceramic Nanotechnology. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40513-7_16.
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Krithiga, Thangavelu, and Jagadeesan Aravind Kumar. "Polymer Nanocomposite Matrix." In Handbook of Polymer and Ceramic Nanotechnology. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40513-7_67.
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AI-Jawhari, Ihsan Flayyih Hasan. "Polymer Nanocomposite Matrix-Based Nanoproducts." In Handbook of Consumer Nanoproducts. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6453-6_21-1.
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González-Domínguez, J. M., A. M. Díez-Pascual, A. Ansón-Casaos, M. A. Gómez-Fatou, and M. T. Martínez. "Functionalization Strategies for Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Integration into Epoxy Matrices." In Polymer Nanotube Nanocomposites. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118945964.ch2.
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Santo, Loredana, and Fabrizio Quadrini. "Shape Memory Materials from Epoxy Matrix Composites." In Smart Polymer Nanocomposites. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50424-7_11.
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Heinz, Hendrik, Soumya S. Patnaik, Ras B. Pandey, and Barry L. Farmer. "Modeling of Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites." In Modeling and Simulation in Polymers. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527630257.ch2.
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Szymoniak, Paulina, Xintong Qu, Andreas Schönhals, and Heinz Sturm. "Characterization of Polymer Nanocomposites." In Acting Principles of Nano-Scaled Matrix Additives for Composite Structures. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68523-2_4.
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Ray, Dipa, and Sunanda Sain. "Nanocellulose-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites Fabricated byIn-SituPolymerization Technique." In Nanocellulose Polymer Nanocomposites. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118872246.ch5.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Nanocomposite à matrice polymère"
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Mallick, Shoaib, Zubair Ahmad, and Farid Touati. "Polymer Nanocomposite-based Moisture Sensors for Monitoring of the Water Contents in the Natural Gas Pipelines." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0073.
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In this study, the polymer-based humidity sensors were investigated for humidity sensing applications. The key advantages of polymers that have garnered this attraction are their lightweight, easy preparation, and low cost of both materials and fabrication process. Different techniques are used to enhance the surface morphology and sensitivity of polymeric films, which include synthesis of nanocomposites, copolymerization techniques, and blending of polymers. The incorporation of nanoparticles to the polymer matrix improves the electrical and mechanical properties of the polymeric film. We have investigated different polymer nanocomposites based humidity sensors on enhancing the sensitivity of the sensor, on achieving faster response and recovery time and lower hysteresis loss as compared to the polymeric humidity sensors. In the first phase, we investigated the PLA-TiO2 nanocomposite for humidity sensing applications. We have optimized the concentration of TiO2 in the PLA-TiO2 nanocomposite and apply acetone for the surface treatment of the sensing film. In the second phase, we studied the PVDF-TiO2 nanocomposite-based humidity sensor, achieved a linear response of the sensor, and optimized the concentration of PVDF. In the third phase, we incorporated the BaTiO3 nanoparticles within optimized PVDF and studied the dielectric property of the nanocomposite film. PVDF-BaTiO3 sensors show a smaller hysteresis response. In the 4th phase, we blend the PVDF with SPEEK polymer; the optimized concentration of SPEEK improves the sensitivity of the humidity sensors at a lower humidity level.
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Myshkin, N. K., S. S. Pesetskii, and A. Ya Grigoriev. "Polymer Composites in Tribology." In BALTTRIB 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/balttrib.2015.25.
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There are many options for tribological applications of basic polymers primarily as matrices and fillers of compound material due to the structural peculiarities of polymers. The polymer materials for tribosystems and their processing technique are briefly described. It is shown that composites with thermoplastic matrix are effective antifriction materials just as composites with thermosetting matrix is basically used as brake materials. Information on tribological behavior of polymer-based materials is presented. Polymer nanocomposites made by mixing nanofillers with melted thermoplastics are considered. The use cases of polymer composites and nanocomposites in industry are described.
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Marini, Marco, Michela Talò, Giulia Lanzara, and Walter Lacarbonara. "Ultra-Long Nanocomposite Wire Ropes." In ASME 2019 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2019-5688.
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Abstract Carbon nanotubes (CNT) represent an effective filler to be incorporated into polymer matrices. Their physical properties allow them to exert a remarkable strengthening effect, while their nano-scale leaves the polymer weight unaltered. Exploiting their high strength-to-weight ratio, CNT/polymer nanocomposites appear to be the ideal materials to be shaped as wires and fibers. In this work, an ad-hoc innovative extrusion process is proposed to fabricate though and ultralong CNT/polymer nanocomposite wires. The process parameters are finely tuned to produce nanocomposite filaments exhibiting optimized mechanical properties. Optical analyses validate the morphological features of the fabricated filaments having an averaged diameter of 350 μm. Monotonic tensile tests are carried out to investigate the mechanical response of wires with CNTs content ranging from 1 wt% to 3 wt%. Young’s modulus and tensile strength registered increments of 47% and 43%, respectively, when comparing the 3 wt% CNT nanocomposite wires with the neat polymer wires. Finally, cyclic tensile tests are employed to investigate the change in damping capacity that accompanies the integration of CNTs into the polymer matrix. Such optimized CNTs nanocomposite wires can be easily integrated into several devices or assembled into ropes and yarns with multifunctional, improved properties.
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Yekani Fard, Masoud, John M. Woodward, Siddhant Datta, Brian Raji, and Aditi Chattopadhyay. "Characterization of Interlaminar Fracture Properties of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites Interleaved With Buckypaper." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66943.
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Recently a novel high-speed/high-yield surfactant-free manufacturing method has been developed for manufacturing of large size buckypaper. In spite of this development, there is no data on the effects of microstructural characteristics on the structural properties of surfactant-free buckypaper based nanocomposites. This investigation examines the effects of the proposed manufacturing procedure on the resultant interlaminar fracture properties of buckypaper based nanocomposites. Buckypaper samples were fabricated using the novel surfactant-free technique. Buckypaper based nanocomposite samples were subjected to mode I, II, and I-II fracture testing in Double Cantilever Beam (DCB ), End Notched Flexure (ENF) and 4-point End Notched Flexure (4ENF), and Mixed Mode Bending (MMB) configurations, respectively. Analysis of the test specimens in terms of mode I energy release rates showed good agreement among Modified Beam Theory, Compliance Calibration, and Modified Compliance Calibration methods. ENF and 4ENF tests gave very consistent crack initiation and propagation results for mode II fracture. The fracture envelope function of the composite and the nanocomposites was developed as a design guideline for nanocomposite materials.
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Wang, Jingyu, Shoieb Chowdhury, Yingtao Liu, Bradley Bohnstedt, and Chung-Hao Lee. "Development of Thermally-Activated Shape Memory Polymers and Nanocomposites for Biomedical Devices." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-72500.
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Shape memory polymers (SMPs) have been developed as an emerging technology platform for biomedical applications in the past decades. In particular, SMPs are clinically essential for the development of novel medical devices to significantly improve long-term surgical outcomes. In this paper, we synthesized and characterized thermally-activated aliphatic urethane SMPs fabricated with nanocomposites for the design and development of biomedical devices. The thermal activation of shape memory function was investigated by direct thermal activation. Critical polymer properties, such as the glass transition temperature and shape memory function, have been tailored to desired applications, by adjusting the polymer composition. Carbon nanotubes were uniformly dispersed within the polymer during nanocomposite fabrication to significantly enhance the thermal and electrical properties. The synthesized SMPs and nanocomposites were characterized to understand their thermal and mechanical properties using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Scanning electron microscopy was employed to evaluate the dispersion of carbon nanotubes in polymer matrix. The mechanical properties of SMPs and nanocomposites at temperature above their glass transition temperature were evaluated using dog-bone samples in a dual-column mechanical testing system and an environmental chamber. SMPs and nanocomposites will then be fabricated in the form of foam for the development of novel devices applicable to endovascular embolization of cerebral aneurysms.
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Taló, Michela, Walter Lacarbonara, Giovanni Formica, and Giulia Lanzara. "Hysteresis Identification of Carbon Nanotube Composite Beams." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-86228.
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Nanocomposites made of a hosting polymer matrix integrated with carbon nanotubes as nanofillers exhibit an inherent hysteretic behavior arising from the CNT/matrix frictional sliding. Such stick-slip mechanism is responsible for the high damping capacity of CNT nanocomposites. A full 3D nonlinear constitutive model, framed in the context of the Eshelby-Mori-Tanaka theory, reduced to a 1D phenomenological model is shown to describe accurately the CNT/polymer stick-slip hysteresis. The nonlinear hysteretic response of CNT nanocomposite beams is experimentally characterized via displacement-driven tests in bending mode. The force-displacement cycles are identified via the phenomenological model featuring five independent constitutive parameters. A preliminary parametric study highlights the importance of some key parameters in determining the shape of the hysteresis loops. The parameter identification is performed via one of the variants of a genetic-type differential evolution algorithm. The nanocomposites hysteresis loops are identified with reasonably low mean square errors. Such outcome confirms that the 1D phenomenological model may serve as an effective tool to describe and predict the nanocomposite nonlinear hysteretic behavior towards unprecedented material optimization and design.
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Scarton, H. A., I. Kahn, M. A. Rafiee, J. Rafiee, K. Wilt, and N. Koratkar. "Evidence of Coulomb Friction Damping in Graphene Nanocomposites." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39378.
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Polymer nanocomposites reinforced by carbon nanotubes, fullerene and nanoparticles have been broadly studied within the last two decades. However, it was recently observed that polymer nanocomposites filled with graphene sheets showed exceptional mechanical and electrical properties. The advantage of graphene sheets over carbon nanotubes in nanocomposites may be related to their high specific surface area, enhanced nanofiller-matrix adhesion/interlocking arising from their wrinkled (rough) surface as well as the two-dimensional geometry of graphene sheets. We have compared the vibration damping properties of epoxy nanocomposite filled with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT), multi-walled nanotubes (MWNT), and graphene platelet (GPL) fillers. Our results show the evidence of Coulomb friction damping in nanocomposites comparing with the pure epoxy.
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Khodaparast, Payam, and Zoubeida Ounaies. "Preparation of TiO2 Polymer Nanodielectrics via a Solvent-Based Technique." In ASME 2010 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2010-3883.
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The effect of adding surface-functionally treated TiO2 nanoparticles on dielectric properties of PVDF matrix was investigated. Porosity of the nanocomposite films showed to have an impact on dielectric permittivity results. Thermal annealing was proposed as an effective way to overcome the porosity problem. By combination of surface treatment of particles and thermal annealing of nanocomposite films, considerable enhancement in dielectric permittivity of TiO2-PVDF nanocomposites was achieved. The experimental results were far higher than theoretical values based on Maxwell model, indicating the presence of an active interphase with high dielectric constant in the system.
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Herren, Blake, Tingting Gu, Qinggong Tang, Mrinal Saha, and Yingtao Liu. "3D Printing and Stretching Effects on Alignment Microstructure in PDMS/CNT Nanocomposites." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10512.
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Abstract The alignment of high aspect ratio reinforcing nanoparticles within a polymer matrix can have significant effects on the mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of the nanocomposite. Therefore, in order to tailor the properties of the composite, it is imperative to develop novel methods to control the alignment of these filler particles in various polymeric matrices. This paper reports a unique approach to alter the alignment of carbon nanotubes (CNT) within polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) nanocomposites using 3D printing technology. A line of the reinforced PDMS resin is printed on a PDMS substrate using direct ink writing technology, which can produce alignment in the print direction depending on printing parameters, the loading of the reinforcing particle, and the rheology of the ink. Then, the substrate is stretched and placed in an oven to cure the printed nanocomposites line with increased alignment in the stretch direction. These two techniques have the advantage of simplicity over other techniques and can efficiently manufacture nanocomposites with the alignment of nanoparticles. Optical microscopy will be used to quantify the alignment within the printed line. Electrical and mechanical properties will be tested to determine the effects of the different alignments within the elastomer. The ability to control the alignment of elastomeric CNT composites is advantageous for the growing field of polymer-based electronics.
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Pashayi, Kamyar, Hafez Raeisi Fard, Fengyuan Lai, Joel Plawsky, and Theodorian Borca-Tasciuc. "Annealing Temperature Effect on the Structure of High Thermal Conductivity Silver/Epoxy Nanocomposites." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-65578.
Full textAbstract:
The thermal conductivity κ of polymer nanoparticle composites is typically <10 Wm−1K−1, even when high κ nanofillers are employed, due to the thermal interface resistance between nanoparticles and the polymer matrix1 or the absence of high thermal conductivity pathways. We recently demonstrated high κ in bulk nanocomposites of silver nanoparticles dispersed in epoxy and cured at low temperature (150 °C). A nanocomposite with 30 vol. % 20nm particles exhibited κ ∼30 Wm−1K−1.2 The mechanism responsible for enhancing κ was found to be the self-construction, through in-situ sintering, of high aspect ratio metallic networks inside the nanocomposite.2 In order to control and optimize the network structure and subsequently increase κ even further, this work focuses on studying the effects of curing temperature and nanoparticle surface coating on the structure of the nanocomposite.