Relevant bibliographies by topics / Nanodispersion

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Academic literature on the topic 'Nanodispersion'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Nanodispersion"

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Kong, Qingliang, Momoko Kitaoka, Rie Wakabayashi, Yoshiro Tahara, Noriho Kamiya, and Masahiro Goto. "Solid-in-Oil Nanodispersions for Transcutaneous Immunotherapy of Japanese Cedar Pollinosis." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 3 (March 7, 2020): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12030240.

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Japanese cedar pollinosis (JCP) is a common affliction caused by an allergic reaction to cedar pollen and is considered a disease of national importance in Japan. Antigen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only available curative treatment for JCP. However, low compliance and persistence have been reported among patients subcutaneously or sublingually administered AIT comprising a conventional antigen derived from a pollen extract. To address these issues, many research studies have focused on developing a safer, simpler, and more effective AIT for JCP. Here, we review the novel antigens that have been developed for JCP AIT, discuss their different administration routes, and present the effects of anti-allergy treatment. Then, we describe a new form of AIT called transcutaneous immunotherapy (TCIT) and its solid-in-oil (S/O) nanodispersion formulation, which is a promising antigen delivery system. Finally, we discuss the applications of S/O nanodispersions for JCP TCIT. In this context, we predict that TCIT delivery by using a S/O nanodispersion loaded with novel antigens may offer an easier, safer, and more effective treatment option for JCP patients.
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Cofelice, Martina, Francesca Cuomo, and Francesco Lopez. "Rheological Properties of Alginate–Essential Oil Nanodispersions." Colloids and Interfaces 2, no. 4 (October 17, 2018): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/colloids2040048.

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Due to its favorable structural properties and biocompatibility, alginate is recognized as a suitable versatile biopolymer for use in a broad range of applications ranging from drug delivery, wound healing, tissue engineering, and food formulations such as nanodispersions. Rheological analysis plays a crucial role in the design of suitable nanoemulsion based coatings. Different essential oil and alginate nanodispersion compositions stabilized by Tween 80 were analyzed for rheological and conductometric properties. The results confirmed that the nanoformulations shared a pseudoplastic non-Newtonian behavior that was more evident with higher alginate concentrations (2%). Nanodispersions made of alginate and essential oil exhibited a slight thixotropic behavior, demonstrating the aptitude to instantaneously recover from the applied stress or strain. Oscillatory frequency sweep tests showed a similar fluid-like behavior for 1% and 2% alginate nanodispersions. Finally, it was demonstrated that advantages coming with the use of the essential oil are added to the positive aspects of alginate with no dramatic modification on the flow behavior.
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Yang, Dongsheng, Bo Cui, Chunxin Wang, Xiang Zhao, Zhanghua Zeng, Yan Wang, Changjiao Sun, Guoqiang Liu, and Haixin Cui. "Preparation and Characterization of Emamectin Benzoate Solid Nanodispersion." Journal of Nanomaterials 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6560780.

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The solid nanodispersion of 15% emamectin benzoate was prepared by the method of solidifying nanoemulsion. The mean particle size and polydispersity index of the solid nanodispersions were 96.6±1.7 nm and 0.352±0.041, respectively. The high zeta potential value of 31.3±0.5 mV and stable crystalline state of the nanoparticles suggested the excellent physical and chemical stabilities. The contact angle and retention compared with microemulsions and water dispersible granules on rice, cabbage, and cucumber leaves indicated its improved wettability and adhesion properties. The bioassay compared with microemulsions and water dispersible granules against diamondback moths and green peach aphids provided an evidence of its enhanced biological activity. This formulation composition could avoid organic solvents and obviously reduce surfactants. It is perspective in raising bioavailability and reducing residual pollution of pesticides and further improving agricultural production and environmental safety.
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Sayyar, Zahra, and Hoda Jafarizadeh Malmiri. "Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation of Curcumin Nanodispersions Using Three Different Methods – Novel Subcritical Water Conditions, Spontaneous Emulsification and Solvent Displacement." Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie 233, no. 10 (October 25, 2019): 1485–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2018-1152.

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Abstract Curcumin as a lipophilic bioactive compound can be incorporated into water-based formulations when it turns into curcumin nanodispersions. In fact, nanodispersion systems, increase curcumin bioavailability, solubility and stability, and furthermore increase curcumin uses in aqueous food and pharmaceutical formulations. Present study focuses on the preparation of curcumin nanodispersions under subcritical water conditions (temperature of 120 °C and pressure of 1.5 bar for 2 h) and using selected another two different methods namely, spontaneous emulsification and solvent displacement. Lecithin as carrier oil, Tween 80 as emulsifier and polyethylene glycol as co-surfactant, with a ratio of 1:8:1, were used in all the preparation techniques. Obtained results indicated that curcumin nanodispersions with smallest mean particle size (70 nm), polydispersity index (0.57), curcumin loss (5.5%) and turbidity (0.04 Nephelometric Turbidity Unit), and maximum loading ability (0.189 g/L), loading efficiency (94.5%) and conductivity (0.157 mS/cm) were obtained under subcritical water conditions. The results also exhibited that the prepared spherical curcumin nanoparticles in the water by this technique had desirable physical stability as their mean zeta potential value was (−12.6 mV). It also observed that, as compared to spontaneous emulsification and solvent displacement methods, the prepared curcumin nanodispersions via subcritical water method had highest anti-oxidant and antibacterial activities.
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Weissgaerber, Thomas, Christa Sauer, and Bernd Kieback. "Nanodispersion-Strengthened Metallic Materials." Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute 9, no. 6 (December 1, 2002): 441–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4150/kpmi.2002.9.6.441.

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Mordasov, D. M., and M. D. Mordasov. "Modeling of the Process of Drying and Coalescing Nanodispersion Spreading." Key Engineering Materials 887 (May 2021): 557–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.887.557.

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The spreading process of drying and coalescing nanodispersion was simulated using the method of analogies. A mathematical description of the energy processes in the proposed physical model was obtained in the form of a system of differential equations of the first order. A transition function that describes the dynamics of the change in the contact angle when the nanodispersion drop spreads was obtained as a result of solving the system of differential equations. The physical meaning of the transition function coefficients was established. Based on the analysis of the ratio of the transition function coefficients, a theoretical justification for the results of experiments on choosing the optimal amount of desiccant introduced into styrene-acrylic nanodispersion was given.
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Tan, Khang Wei, Siah Ying Tang, Renjan Thomas, Neela Vasanthakumari, and Sivakumar Manickam. "Curcumin-loaded sterically stabilized nanodispersion based on non-ionic colloidal system induced by ultrasound and solvent diffusion-evaporation." Pure and Applied Chemistry 88, no. 1-2 (February 1, 2016): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-0601.

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AbstractCurcumin has been found to possess significant pharmaceutical activities. However, owing to its low bioavailability, there is a limitation of employing it towards clinical application. In an attempt to surmount this implication, often the choice is designing novel drug delivery systems. Herein, sterically stabilized nanoscale dispersion loaded with curcumin (nanodispersion) based on non-ionic colloidal system has been proposed. In this study, the process conditions were effectively optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) with Box–Behnken design (BBD). The suggested optimum formulation proved to be an excellent fit to the actual experimental output. STEM images illustrate that the optimal curcumin-loaded nanodispersion has spherical morphology with narrow particle size distribution. Particle size distribution study confirms that the solution pH does not affect the nanodispersion, and physical stability study shows that the colloidal system is stable over 90 days of storage at ambient conditions. More importantly, controlled release profile was achieved over 72 h and the in vitro drug release data fit well to Higuchi model (R2=0.9654).
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Jaberi, Naghmeh, Navideh Anarjan, and Hoda Jafarizadeh-Malmiri. "Optimization the formulation parameters in preparation of α-tocopherol nanodispersions using low-energy solvent displacement technique." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 90, no. 1-2 (January 2020): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000441.

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Abstract. α-Tocopherol is the main compound of vitamin E with great antioxidant activity. However, like other functional lipid bioactive compounds, it suffers from low bioavailability due to its low water solubility and liable chemical structure. A bottom-up procedure based on a solvent-displacement method was constructed for fabrication of α-tocopherol nanodispersions using response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of main formulation parameters, namely, weight ratio of emulsifier to α-tocopherol and volumetric percent of acetone to water on the average particle size (nm), polydispersity index, concentration of α-tocopherol loss (% w/w) and turbidity of the nanodispersions were evaluated and optimized to gain the most desirable nanodispersions (least particle size, polydispersity index, turbidity and highest α-tocopherol concentrations). Second order regression equations, holding quite high coefficients of determination (R2 and adjusted R2 > 0.882), were significantly (p-value < 0.05) fitted for predicting the α-tocopherol nanodispersion characteristics variations as functions of studied formulation parameters. A multiple optimization analysis offered 6.5 and 10% for weight ratio of Tween 20 to α-tocopherol and volume percent of acetone, respectively, as overall optimum values for studied parameters. Statistically insignificant differences between experimental and predicted values of studied responses, verified the satisfactoriness of presented models for explaining the response characteristics as a function of formulation parameters. Thus, the employed solvent-displacement technique may provide the most desired water dispersible α-tocopherol nanoparticles for several water-based foods, cosmetic nutraceutical formulations.
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Amirkhani, Leila, Jafarsadegh Moghaddas, and Hoda Jafarizadeh-Malmiri. "Candida rugosa lipase immobilization on magnetic silica aerogel nanodispersion." RSC Advances 6, no. 15 (2016): 12676–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra24441b.

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Kong, Qingliang, Kouki Higasijima, Rie Wakabayashi, Yoshiro Tahara, Momoko Kitaoka, Hiroki Obayashi, Yanting Hou, Noriho Kamiya, and Masahiro Goto. "Transcutaneous Delivery of Immunomodulating Pollen Extract-Galactomannan Conjugate by Solid-in-Oil Nanodispersions for Pollinosis Immunotherapy." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 11 (October 30, 2019): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11110563.

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Japanese cedar pollinosis is a type I allergic disease and has already become a major public health problem in Japan. Conventional subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) cannot meet patients’ needs owing to the side effects caused by both the use of conventional whole antigen molecules in the pollen extract and the administration routes. To address these issues, a surface-modified antigen and transcutaneous administration route are introduced in this research. First, the pollen extract (PE) was conjugated to galactomannan (PE-GM) to mask immunoglobulin E (IgE)-binding epitopes in the PE to avoid side effects. Second, as a safer alternative to SCIT and SLIT, transcutaneous immunotherapy (TCIT) with a solid-in-oil (S/O) nanodispersion system carrying PE-GM was proposed. Hydrophilic PE-GM was efficiently delivered through mouse skin using S/O nanodispersions, reducing the antibody secretion and modifying the type 1 T helper (Th1)/ type 2 T helper (Th2) balance in the mouse model, thereby demonstrating the potential to alleviate Japanese cedar pollinosis.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nanodispersion"

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Ould, Metidji Mahmoud. "Nanodispersion et développement de traceurs fluorescents." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1188/document.

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L'étude de la dispersion de matériaux inorganiques dans des médias organiques et aqueux est un facteur déterminant pour leur mise en œuvre industrielle. Ces matériaux trouvent leur application dans de nombreux domaines allant de l'industrie pétrolière à celle du polissage. Nous nous sommes intéressés à la stabilité de ces matériaux dans des médias tels que : (i) les solvants aqueux utilisés pour la formulation de suspensions abrasives, (ii) les eaux d'exploitations pétrolières et (iii) le pétrole brut et ses dérivés. Ceci dans le but d'améliorer les propriétés de luminescence de ces matériaux pour l'industrie pétrolière et les propriétés abrasives pour l'industrie du polissageNous avons ainsi développé des formulations stables de complexes de lanthanides (Ln) dérivés du DOTA et de nanoparticules (NPs) de sulfure de zinc dopées au manganèse, dans le but de tracer les eaux d'injections pétrolières. Ces matériaux ont été détecté par fluorescence en temps-résolu (TRF) et ce afin de contourner les problématiques liées à l'auto-fluorescence des produits pétroliers présents dans les eaux d'exploitation. Nous avons également étudié la dispersion de composés spécifiques dans des carburants, dans le but de proposer des nouveaux marqueurs anticontrefaçon pour le pétrole brut et ses dérivés. Enfin, nous avons cherché à améliorer la dispersion de nanoparticules de diamant dans des médias aqueux et ce afin d'optimiser l'efficacité des suspensions abrasives à base diamantées, utilisées pour le polissage du saphir plan a
The dispersion of inorganic materials in organic and aqueous media is a decisive factor for their industrial implementation. These materials are used in many areas from the oil industry to polishing. Herein, we focus on studying the stability of these materials in different media such as: (i) the aqueous solvents used for the formulation of abrasive slurries, (ii) the waters of oil operations and (iii) crude oil and its derivatives. Our objective is to improve the luminescence properties of these materials for the oil industry and the abrasive properties for polishing applications.We have developed stable formulations of lanthanide complexes (Ln) derived from DOTA and nanoparticles (NPs) of zinc sulfide doped with manganese for water-management in oil fields. These materials were characterized by time-resolved fluorescence (TRF) to solve the problems associated with the auto-fluorescence of petroleum products in the operating water.Furthermore, we studied the dispersion of specific compounds in different fuels in order to develop new anti-counterfeiting markers for crude oil and its derivatives. Finally, we tried to improve the dispersion of diamond nanoparticles in aqueous media in order to enhance the efficiency of diamond abrasive suspensions based for polishing sapphire a-plan
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Takamoto, Rafael Teruiti de Oliveira. "Caracterização e aplicação de nanodispersão de bixina." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9139/tde-18022016-103955/.

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A bixina é o principal carotenoide encontrado na superfície externa das sementes de Bixa orellana L., conhecida popularmente como urucum. Os extratos das sementes são largamente utilizados, tradicionalmente como condimento e no preparo de \"remédios\" caseiros para diversos tipos de doenças e sintomas. Industrialmente, é empregado em formulações farmacêuticas, cosméticos e alimentos como corante de origem natural. Contudo, o uso da bixina ainda é limitado pela sua baixa solubilidade em água. Foi observado que a bixina pode ser dispersa em água, por meio de técnica já patenteada pelo nosso grupo, sem uso de suportes e adjuvantes. O presente projeto teve por objetivo obter a bixina purificada de um extrato comercial de semente de urucum, preparar e caracterizar a dispersão de bixina em água e aplicá-la como um carreador de fármacos, utilizando daunorrubicina como modelo e que é utilizada no tratamento de tumores. Bixina foi obtida com 95% de pureza, a partir do extrato de semente de urucum e dispersões a partir deste composto foram preparadas em soluções aquosas e estabilizadas em cerca de duas horas. Foi determinado que a dispersão em água é constituída por partículas esféricas, com diâmetro médio variando de 20 a 150 nm e potencial Zeta de -24,7 mV. A dispersão manteve-se estável quando submetida a concentrações de NaCl de até 50 mmol/L e resistente em pH ácido. Porém, a partir de pH=10, ocorreu hidrólise do éster metílico da bixina, convertendo-a em norbixina. As partículas de bixina foram capazes de incorporar o fármaco daunorrubicina, em proporção molar máxima de bixina/daunorrubicina de 2:1. Nas concentrações testadas, a incorporação da daunorrubicina à dispersão de bixina causou aumento na atividade antiproliferativa, sendo até 60% mais ativa do que a daunorrubicina livre, na concentração de 1 µg/mL. A dispersão de bixina apresentou tolerância a variações em pH e concentração salina e capacidade de incorporar e aumentar a atividade do fármaco daunorrubicina. Sendo assim, constitui-se em um potencial sistema carreador de fármaco derivado de um produto natural.
Bixin is a carotenoid found on surface of Bixa orellana L. seeds, known as annatto. Annatto seeds extracts are popularly used as a condiment for foods and remedy for several diseases and symptoms. It is also applied in pharmaceutical products, cosmetics and food industry as a natural colorant. Nevertheless, the use of bixin is still limited by its poor solubility in water. Our research group has developed and patented a technique to disperse bixin in water, with no use of stabilizers or scaffolds. In this project, we aimed to obtain purified bixin from commercial annatto seeds extracts, prepare and characterize a dispersion of bixin in water and to employ it as a drug delivery system. Daunorubicin was chosen as a drug model to be delivered by bixin dispersion. Bixin was isolated from extracts in 95% purity. Aqueous dispersions of bixin demonstrated to be stable two hours after preparation. Bixin formed spherical particles with mean diameter ranging from 20 to 150 nm and Zeta potential of -24,7 mV. The dispersion was stable in NaCl solution up to 50 mMol/L and resistant to acidic medium. However, above pH=10, hydrolysis of ester termination begins to occur, converting bixin into to norbixin and since norbixin is water-soluble, the particles dissolved in water. Bixin dispersion was able to incorporate daunorubicin, in a bixin:daunorubicin molar proportion of 2:1. In all tested concentrations, daunorubicin delivered by bixin showed higher antiproliferative activity compared to free drug, reaching 60% more acitivity at 1 µg/mL In conclusion, bixin dispersion showed good stability in large range of pH and salt concentrations, ability to incorporate daunorubicin and enhanced the antitumoral activity. Thus, it can be considered a potential drug delivery system derived from a natural product.
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Trevizan, Lucas Noboru Fatori. "Avaliação do potencial de nanodispersões de cristal líquido funcionalizadas com cetuximabe na veiculação de docetaxel para o tratamento do câncer de próstata /." Araraquara, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/157268.

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Orientador: Marlus Chorilli
Resumo: O câncer de próstata (CP) é a segunda neoplasia mais frequente entre homens no Brasil e é caracterizado por não apresentar sintomas em seus estágios iniciais, sendo diagnosticado em seu estágio avançado, o que muitas vezes dificulta o tratamento. Alguns fatores relacionados podem intensificar sua agressividade como, por exemplo, a superexpressão do receptor do fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGFR) em alguns subtipos de tumores de próstata. Neste contexto, a inibição do EGFR auxilia no combate da neoplasia, função essa que pode ser atribuída ao anticorpo monoclonal quimérico IgG1 (cetuximabe-CTX) que se liga à porção externa do EGFR, inibindo a proliferação celular, angiogênese e metástase, além de promover a apoptose. Dentre as formas de tratamento destacam-se a braquiterapia, a radioterapia e a quimioterapia utilizando o docetaxel (DTX), o qual apresenta vantagem de prolongar a sobrevivência em pacientes com CP metastático resistentes à terapia antiandrogênica. No entanto, a formulação comercial (Taxotere®) causa efeitos colaterais, como febre, anemia, retenção de líquidos, hipersensibilidades, mialgias, mucosite, neuropatias periféricas e toxidade a pele e unhas, tornando necessário o estudo de novas formas de veiculação para este fármaco Deste modo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver uma nanodispersão de cristal líquido (NCL) de fase cúbica baseada em álcool cetílico etoxilado 20 e propoxilado 5 como tensoativo (T), ácido oleico, DSPE-PEG-MAL e fosfatidilcolina de ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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Zatta, Kelly Cristine. "DESENVOLVIMENTO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE FORMULAÇÕES SEMISSÓLIDAS CONTENDO PALMITATO DE ASCORBILA ASSOCIADO À NANOCARREADORES." Centro Universitário Franciscano, 2011. http://www.tede.universidadefranciscana.edu.br:8080/handle/UFN-BDTD/489.

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Keeping in mind the problematic that photoaging and hyperpigmentation represent, the development of a topical formulation containing vitamin C (ascorbyl palmitate) and açai oil associated to nanoparticules may represent a protection of the cellular membrane against oxidation, due to a better permeation and the synergic acting of both active. This study has as its objective the development and the characterization of cream-gel formulations containing ascorbyl palmitate associated to nanocarriers, in the presence or absence of the açai oil as the oily nucleus. Associated to that, the stability of the freeze-dried nanocoated active was tested after the incorporation in a silicon basis. Suspensions containing the AP associated t o the nanocapsules (NCAP), nanoemulsions (NEAP) and nanodispersions (NDAP) were developed, being the latter used as active protection comparative parameter without the active (NCBC). With the purpose of assessing the influence of the water on the stability of the active, AP was incorporated in a methanolic solution (SMAP), to which was put in an aging study during 30 days in environment temperature (22 ºC + 2 ºC), refrigeration (4 ºC + 2 ºC), greenhouse (40 ºC + 2 ºC) and chamber UVC (254 nm), along with the formulations cited previously. The sample characterizations was carried out soon after its obtaining and on days 7, 15, 21 and 30, as to the AP content quantification, average particle diameter, polydispersity index, zeta potential and pH. The NCAP, NEAP, NCBC suspensions were incorporated in semi-solid basis of Hostacerin SAF® cream-gel and later stored for the accelerated aging study (21 days) and alternated cycles of heating-cooling, which were analysed at the beginning and end of this period through the determination of the particle average diameter, polydispersity index, zeta potential, pH, active content quantification, organoleptic characteristic determination, spreadability determination and rheological behavior, and centrifugation test. NCAP and NCBC suspension samples were freeze-dried and incorporated to the silicon base (CSNCAPLIO and CSNBCLIO, respectively), and stored in heating-freezing cycles. In this same basis, the active in the free form (CSAP) was incorporated. Soon after its obtaining, the suspensions presented active content equal to 97,51%±0,93 to NCAP, 80,68% + 1,25 to NEAP and 83,10% + 3,10 to NDAP, and remaining desirable paramaters to nanometric systems. However, in the 30th day of storing, all the physical-chemical characteristics suffered significant alteration, being evident in the active loss, which was detected only in the NCAP and NEAP samples conditioned under refrigeration (24,42 % + 1,0 e 21,37 % + 1,27,, respectively). Contrasting with these results, the SMAP kept the active stable and in effective concentrations during 90 days of storing, revealing the fragility of the AP structure in the presence of an aqueous environment. As to the cream-gel formulations, all presented physical-chemical parameters appropriate for the nanoparticle formulations and slightly acid pH, satisfactory for the structure of the active in the non-dissociated form (smaller than the AP pKa value), homogeneous aspect of the sensorial optimum. For those, a proper spreadability was obtained, considering the function and action local, intended. The formulation rheogram demonstrated to have a non-Newtonian character and pseudoplastic flux, which is desired in pharmaceutical formulations, for the initial resistance for the semi-solid formulation to flow diminished, reflecting the application easiness. The greatest active concentration for the samples containing the nanocoated active was obtained, suggesting a greater initial protection of the active in the presence of polymer film and the açai oil. However, at the end of the 21-day period, it was verified the destabilization of the formulation containing the active by the total freeze-drying of those, not being possible to carry out the final tests. The cream in silicone basis samples were analyzed only according to the active content soon after the incorporation of the freeze-dried, which demonstrated an average initial loss of 30% under the previous to the freeze-drying quantification, while for the sample containing the free active, the initial content was superior. This result may be justified possibly by the prolonged exposition to humidity and light during the freeze-drying process. After the 7-day storing in ES, the essay was repeated, obtaining for the CSNAPLIO an average of 15 % + 2,03 of AP content, being that for the CSAP the quantification due to the active oxidation total was not possible. These data restate the destabilization of the active faced with the heat, even for the water free formulation. From the obtained results it was possible to verify the AP instability faced with the heat, light and water conditions. However, keeping in mind its therapy potentiality t is considered relevant to the continuity of this research with the purpose of searching for more ascorbyl palmitate stability keeping it viable for topical application. It is suggested the incorporation to the drying of the suspensions for nano-spry-drying and the incorporation of those in different semi-solid basis, with emulsions, silicones and non-ionic bases for the long-term stability study, searching for evidences which take to definite conclusions on the product stability.
Tendo-se em vista a problemática que o fotoenvelhecimento e a hiperpigmentação representam, o desenvolvimento de uma formulação tópica contendo vitamina C (palmitato de ascorbila) e óleo de açaí associada à nanopartículas pode representar a proteção das membranas celulares contra a oxidação, devido à melhor permeação e a atuação sinérgica de ambos os ativos. Este estudo teve por objetivo o desenvolvimento e caracterização de formulações de creme-gel contendo palmitato de ascorbila associado à nanocarreadores, na presença e ausência do óleo de açaí como núcleo oleoso. Associado a isso, foi testada a estabilidade de liofilizados do ativo nanoencapsulado após incorporação em base de silicone. Foram desenvolvidas suspensões contendo o AP associado à nanocapsulas (NCAP), nanoemulsões (NEAP) e nanodispersões (NDAP), tendo sido esta última utilizada como parâmetro comparativo de proteção do ativo pela total ausência de filme polimérico e núcleo oleoso. Como branco utilizou-se uma suspensão de nanocápsulas sem o ativo (NCBC). A fim de avaliar a influência da água sobre a estabilidade do ativo, incorporou-se AP em uma solução metanólica (SMAP), a qual foi colocada em estudo de envelhecimento durante 30 dias em temperatura ambiente (22 ºC + 2 ºC), refrigeração (4 ºC + 2 ºC), estufa (40 ºC + 2 ºC) e câmara climatizada UVC (254 nm), juntamente com as formulações citadas anteriormente. A caracterização das amostras foi realizada logo após sua obtenção e nos dias 7, 15, 21 e 30, quanto à quantificação do teor de AP, diâmetro médio de partícula, índice de polidispersão, potencial zeta e pH. As suspensões de NCAP, NEAP, NCBC foram incorporadas em bases semissólidas de creme-gel Hostacerin SAF® e posteriormente armazenadas para estudo de envelhecimento acelerado (21 dias) em ciclos alternados de aquecimento – resfriamento, as quais foram analisadas ao início e final deste período através das determinações de diâmetro médio de partícula, índice de polidispersão, potencial zeta, pH, quantificação do teor de ativo, determinação das características organolépticas, determinação da espalhabilidade e comportamento reológico, e teste de centrifugação. Amostras de suspensões de NCAP e NCBC foram liofilizadas e incorporadas em base de silicone (CSNCAPLIO e CSNCBCLIO, respectivamente), e armazenadas em ciclos de aquecimento-resfriamento. Nesta mesma base, foi incorporado o ativo na forma livre (CSAP). Logo após sua obtenção, as suspensões apresentaram teor de ativo iguais a 97,51% + 0,93 para NCAP, 80,68% + 1,25 para NEAP e 83,10% + 3,10 para NDAP, e demais parâmetros desejáveis para sistemas nanométricos. Contudo, no 30o dia de armazenamento, todas as características físico-químicas sofreram significativa alteração, sendo evidente a perda de ativo, o qual foi detectado somente apenas nas amostras de NCAP e NEAP acondicionadas sob refrigeração (24,42 % + 1,0 e 21,37 % + 1,27, respectivamente). Contrastando com estes resultados, a SMAP manteve o ativo estável e em concentrações efetivas durante 90 dias de armazenamento, revelando a fragilidade da estrutura do AP em presença de meio aquoso. Quanto às formulações de creme-gel, todas apresentaram parâmetros físico-químicos adequados para formulações de nanopartículas e pH levemente ácido, satisfatório para a estrutura do ativo na forma não-dissociada (menor que o valor de pKa do AP), aspecto homogêneo de ótimo sensorial. Para as mesmas obteve-se espalhabilidade adequada, considerando a função e local de ação, pretendidos. O reograma das formulações demonstrou haver caráter não-newtoniano e fluxo pseudoplástico, o qual é desejado em formulações farmacêuticas, pois a resistência inicial para a formulação semissólida fluir diminui, refletindo a facilidade de aplicação. Obteve-se a maior concentração de ativo para as amostras contendo o ativo nanoencapsulado, sugerindo a maior proteção inicial do ativo em presença do filme polimérico e do óleo de açaí. Contudo, ao final do período de 21 dias, verificou-se desestabilização das formulações contendo o ativo pela total liquefação das mesmas, não sendo possível a realização dos testes finais. As amostras de creme em base de silicone foram analisadas somente segundo o teor de ativo logo após a incorporação do liofilizado, o qual demonstrou uma perda inicial média de 30 % sob a quantificação anterior à liofilização, enquanto que para a amostra contendo o ativo livre, o teor inicial foi superior. Este resultado pode ser justificado possivelmente pela exposição prolongada à umidade e luz durante o processo de liofilização. Após os primeiros 7 dias de armazenamento em ES, o ensaio foi repetido, obtendo-se para o CSNCAPLIO uma média de 15 % + 2,03 de teor de AP, sendo que para o CSAP não foi possível a quantificação devido a total oxidação do ativo. Estes dados reafirmam a desestabilização do ativo frente ao calor, mesmo para formulação isenta de água. A partir dos resultados obtidos foi possível verificar a instabilidade do AP frente a condições de calor, luz e água. Contudo, tendo em vista sua potencialidade terapêutica considera-se relevante a continuidade desta pesquisa de forma a buscar maior estabilidade do palmitato de ascorbila mantendo-o viável para aplicação tópica. Sugere-se a incorporação a secagem das suspensões por nano-spray-drying e incorporação das mesmas em diferentes bases semissólidas, como emulsões, silicones e bases não-iônicas para estudo de estabilidade de longo prazo, buscando indícios que levam a conclusões definitivas sobre a estabilidade do produto.
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Sallez, Nicolas. "Recrystallization, abnormal grain growth and ultrafine microstructure of ODS ferritic steels." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI075/document.

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Les alliages ODS (Oxides Dispersion Strengthened), sont principalement étudiés pour leur capacité à répondre favorablement au cahier des charges de la fonction de gainage combustible pour les réacteurs nucléaire de type RNR-Na (Réacteur à Neutrons Rapides à caloporteur sodium). Elaborés par métallurgie des poudres, mécanosynthèse puis extrusion, ils affichent des propriétés mécaniques, et notamment en fluage, extrêmement intéressantes. Néanmoins, la voie élaboration utilisée induit une forte anisotropie microstructurale. Cette anisotropie se retrouve au niveau de leurs propriétés mécaniques et conduit à une fragilité dans le sens de sollicitation transverse. Le but de cette thèse est d'étudier l'évolution microstructurale de ces matériaux. Les aciers ODS présentent des microstructures ultra fines en termes de grains, de précipités, et de formation d'amas qui conduisent à de grandes difficultés pour en obtenir la recristallisation. De plus, les microstructures obtenues présentent souvent une recristallisation avec croissance anormale. De telles évolutions demandent des investigations à très fine échelle et ont été relativement peu examinées dans le domaine des alliages ODS. Il faut en effet être capable d'une étude structurale la plus quantitative possible de la microstructure des nanograins, ainsi que de la précipitation afin d'étudier les mécanismes d'interaction précipitation / joints de grain. Ceci n'est possible que par un couplage de différentes méthodes : la microscopie électronique en transmission (en particulier avec l'utilisation des outils récemment développés pour l'étude de la nanotexturation, i.e. ACOM-TEM); la diffusion centrale des neutrons ou des rayons X; et enfin la sonde atomique tomographique, à la fois pour apporter les informations sur la morphologie et la chimie des amas et nanoprécipités mais surtout sur la composition chimique aux joints de grains. A partir de l'identification des mécanismes contrôlant la croissance anormale, une modélisation permettant de prédire son apparition dans la microstructure est confrontée à cette caractérisation microstructurale poussée. Cette modélisation prête une attention particulière à la migration des joints de grains couplée à la diffusion et effets d'ancrage préférentiel des joints triples par les précipités ainsi qu'à l'énergie motrice stockée sous forme de densité de dislocation
Oxide Dispersion Steels (ODS) alloys are mainly studied for their ability to fulfil the technical specifications required for Sodium Fast Reactor (SFR) fuel cladding application. Their processing involves powder metallurgy, mechanical alloying and extrusion. Therefore, despite their interesting mechanical creep properties, the extrusion processing involves a high microstructural anisotropy. These particular feature leads to poor mechanical properties in the transverse direction which are worsen by the occurrence of abnormal grain growth. Unfortunately, since internal pressure increases in the tube with the accumulation of gas fission products, the major stress component is precisely applied in the transverse direction. As a result, the material faces a critical risk of failure and control of the microstructure is a key issue. The aim of this thesis is to study the microstructural evolution of ODS ferritic steels. ODS ferritic steels show ultrafine microstructures in terms both grains and precipitates which made the recrystallization very difficult and allow for abnormal grain growth. To observe such evolutions, fine scale microstructure characterization are necessary. This is only possible by coupling different characterization methods: transmission electronic microscopy (in particular with the new developed tools for nanotexturation studies, i.e. ACOM-TEM); neutron and X-ray small angle scattering; and atomic probe tomography. Based on the mechanisms that lead to and control the abnormal grain growth, a model to predict the occurrence of abnormal grain growth is confronted to the experimental results. This model that takes a particular attention to the dislocation stored energy effect to adequately reproduce the observed characterization results
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Freitag, Klaus. "Preparation of nanodispersions by antisolvent precipitation." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-178485.

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Rolle, Jameison Theophilus. "Pullulan w-carboxyalkanoates for Drug Nanodispersions." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73779.

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Pullulan is an exopolysaccharide secreted extracellularly by the black yeast-like fungi Aureobasidium pullulans. Due to an alpha-(1-->6) linked maltotriose repeat unit, which interferes with hydrogen bonding and crystallization, pullulan is completely water soluble unlike cellulose. It has also been tested and shown to possess non-toxic, biodegradable, non-mutagenic and non-carcinogenic properties. Chemical modification of polysaccharides to increased hydrophobicity and increase functionality has shown great promise in drug delivery systems. Particularly in amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) formulations, hydrophobicity increases miscibility with hydrophobic, crystalline drugs and carboxy functionality provides stabilization with drug moieties and well as pH specific release. Successful synthesis of cellulose w-carboxyalkanoates have been reported and showed great promise as ASD polymers based on their ability to retard the recrystallization of the HIV drug ritonavir and antibacterial clarithromycin. However, these cellulose derivatives have limitations due to their limited water solubility. Natural pullulan is water-soluble and modification with w-carboxyalkanoate groups would provide a unique set of derivatives with increased solubility therefore stronger polymer-drug interactions in solution. We have successfully prepared novel pullulan w-carboxyalkanoates, which exhibit good solubility in polar aprotic and polar protic solvents. All derivatives exhibit high thermal stability and most recorded high glass transition temperatures. Due to unknown impact of their three dimensional structure on miscibility and stabilization of drug against crystallization, each of these polymers possesses great potential for use in various drug delivery applications.
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Jores, Katja. "Lipid nanodispersions as drug carrier systems a physicochemical characterization /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972528334.

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Caner, Evin. "Limestone Decay In Historic Monuments And Consolidation With Nanodispersive Calcium Hydroxide Solutions." Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613267/index.pdf.

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Exposure to atmospheric conditions results of deterioration in historic monuments. and their stones. Limestone conservation presents many problems that have to be investigated in detail. In this study, limestone deterioration and development of its conservation treatments were investigated through examination of the statues carved from karstic limestones in Nemrut Dag Monument. The decay mechanisms that had major roles in their deterioration during two thousand years of exposure to atmospheric conditions and the development of their conservation treatments involved several types of analyses that were carried out in the field and in the laboratory. Exposed surfaces of limestones having karstic veins, interior crack surfaces were examined and compared with relatively undeteriorated interior parts. Similar limestones from the geological formations nearby were artificially deteriorated by salt crystallization and were also examined for comparison. Standard physical and physicomechanical tests, petrographical analysis, XRD, SEM-EDX and FTIR were used during those examinations. Swelling nature of clays in limestones and their control were quantified by CEC measurements. The micro structure of limestone was observed to be composed of micritic calcite with karstic veins of sparitic calcite crystals. Some karstic zones were found to be preferred sites of dissolution and precipitation of calcium carbonate where swelling action of clays and widening of cracks occurred. Iron oxides that moved through those zones, as well as biological activity were also found to contribute to those phenomena. Preparation of high concentrations of nanodispersive calcium hydroxide solutions was achieved for the conservation treatments of the deteriorated limestone. Success of treatments with nanodispersive Ca(OH)2 solutions targeted to the decay zones were discussed in terms of their ability to control the swelling action of clays, carbonation of nanodispersive solution, and improvement in the physicomechanical properties of treated limestone.
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Freitag, Klaus [Verfasser], and Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Winter. "Preparation of nanodispersions by antisolvent precipitation : a new formulation approach / Klaus Freitag. Betreuer: Gerhard Winter." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1065180349/34.

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Books on the topic "Nanodispersion"

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A, Voevodin Andrey, ed. Nanostructured thin films and nanodispersion strengthened coatings. Boston: Kluwer, 2004.

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Voevodin, Andrey A., Dmitry V. Shtansky, Evgeny A. Levashov, and John J. Moore, eds. Nanostructured Thin Films and Nanodispersion Strengthened Coatings. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2222-0.

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Ruckenstein, Eli, and Marian Manciu. Nanodispersions. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1415-6.

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Tadros, Tharwat F. Nanodispersions. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co., KG, 2015.

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Keservani, Raj K. Nanodispersions for Drug Delivery. Toronto ; New Jersey : Apple Academic Press, 2019.: Apple Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351047562.

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Ruckenstein, Eli. Nanodispersions: Interactions, stability, and dynamics. New York: Springer, 2010.

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Fachtagung "Amorphe und Nanodispersive Schichtsysteme" (3rd 1991 Chemnitz, Germany). Tagungsvorträge: 3. Fachtagung "Amorphe und Nanodispersive Schichtsysteme", vom 26.-28. November 1991 in Chemnitz. [Chemnitz, Germany: Technische Universität, 1991.

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(Editor), Andrey A. Voevodin, Dmitry V. Shtansky (Editor), Evgeny A. Levashov (Editor), and John J. Moore (Editor), eds. Nanostructured Thin Films and Nanodispersion Strengthened Coatings (NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry). Springer, 2004.

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(Editor), Andrey A. Voevodin, Dmitry V. Shtansky (Editor), Evgeny A. Levashov (Editor), and John J. Moore (Editor), eds. Nanostructured Thin Films and Nanodispersion Strengthened Coatings (NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry). Springer, 2004.

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Ruckenstein, Eli, and Marian Manciu. Nanodispersions: Interactions, Stability, and Dynamics. Springer, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Nanodispersion"

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Voevodin, A. A., and J. S. Zabinski. "Smart Nanocomposite Coatings with Chameleon Surface Adaptation in Tribological Applications." In Nanostructured Thin Films and Nanodispersion Strengthened Coatings, 1–8. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2222-0_1.

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Bretagne, J., C. Boisse-Laporte, L. de Poucques, G. Gousset, M. C. Hugon, J. C. Imbert, O. Leroy, et al. "Recent Developments on Ionized Physical Vapour Deposition: Concepts, Determination of the Ionisation Efficiency and Improvement of Deposited Films." In Nanostructured Thin Films and Nanodispersion Strengthened Coatings, 113–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2222-0_11.

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Spitsyn, B. V. "Nucleation of Diamond from Vapor Phase and Synthesis of Nanostructured Diamond Films." In Nanostructured Thin Films and Nanodispersion Strengthened Coatings, 123–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2222-0_12.

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Sleptsov, V. V., and A. M. Baranov. "Nanostructured and Nanolayered Thin Films Deposited by Ion-plasma Methods." In Nanostructured Thin Films and Nanodispersion Strengthened Coatings, 137–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2222-0_13.

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Delplancke-Ogletree, M. P., and O. R. Monteiro. "Stress Development and Relaxation in Nanostructured Films Deposited by Cathodic Vacuum Arc." In Nanostructured Thin Films and Nanodispersion Strengthened Coatings, 167–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2222-0_16.

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Andrievski, R. A., and G. V. Kalinnikov. "Synthesis and Properties of TiB2/TiN and TiB2/B4C Films." In Nanostructured Thin Films and Nanodispersion Strengthened Coatings, 175–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2222-0_17.

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Arnell, R. D., P. J. Kelly, and J. W. Bradley. "Control of Structure and Properties of Coatings Deposited by Pulsed Magnetron Sputtering." In Nanostructured Thin Films and Nanodispersion Strengthened Coatings, 183–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2222-0_18.

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Hultman, L. "Materials Science of Wear-Protective Nanostructured Thin Films." In Nanostructured Thin Films and Nanodispersion Strengthened Coatings, 9–21. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2222-0_2.

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Ralchenko, V., I. Vlasov, V. Frolov, D. Sovyk, A. Karabutov, K. Gogolinsky, and V. Yunkin. "CVD Diamond Films on Surfaces with Intricate Shape." In Nanostructured Thin Films and Nanodispersion Strengthened Coatings, 209–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2222-0_21.

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Shefteľ, E. N., and O. A. Bannykh. "Films of Soft-Magnetic Fe-Based Nanocrystalline Alloys for High-Density Magnetic Storage Application." In Nanostructured Thin Films and Nanodispersion Strengthened Coatings, 221–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2222-0_22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Nanodispersion"

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Crosta, Giovanni F., and Jun S. Lee. "Nanodispersion, nonlinear image filtering, and materials classification." In SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing, edited by Michael T. Postek, Dale E. Newbury, S. Frank Platek, David C. Joy, and Tim K. Maugel. SPIE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.883232.

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Chernikova, N. P., A. G. Fedorenko, T. M. Minkina, S. S. Mandzhieva, and T. V. Bauer. "INFLUENCE OF CUO NANODISPERSION FORM ON CELLULAR LEVEL OF SPRING BARLEY ORGANIZATION." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. DSTU-PRINT, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.1.301-303.

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The article discusses the effect of copper nanoparticles on the organismic and cellular levels of spring barley organization. The toxic effect of copper nanoparticles on the morphometric parameters and plant cell structure was revealed using an electron transmission microscope.
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Biswas, Chandan, Ki Kang Kim, Hong-Zhang Geng, Hyeon Ki Park, Seong Chu Lim, Seung Jin Chae, Soo Min Kim, Young Hee Lee, Michael Nayhouse, and Minhee Yun. "Highly concentrated diameter selective nanodispersion of single-walled carbon nanotubes in water." In SPIE NanoScience + Engineering, edited by Manijeh Razeghi, Didier Pribat, and Young-Hee Lee. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.824547.

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Ciardelli, F., O. Pieroni, S. Bronco, G. Ruggeri, A. Pucci, Alberto D’Amore, Domenico Acierno, and Luigi Grassia. "MODULATION OF THE RESPONSE OF POLYMER MATERIALS THROUGH MOLECULAR INTERACTIONS AND NANODISPERSION." In IV INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE TIMES OF POLYMERS (TOP) AND COMPOSITES. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2988970.

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Meng, Xiang-ping, Yi-fei Wang, and Zhi-ping Wang. "Anti-hepatocarcinoma Effects of Resveratrol Loaded Solid Nanodispersion by a New Material Nano Silica." In 2016 6th International Conference on Applied Science, Engineering and Technology. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icaset-16.2016.59.

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Linsenmayer, David, Shiva Kazerounian, Khampaseuth Thapa, Carrie Spencer, Aishwarya Sarma, John McCook, Stephane Gesta, Vivek Vishnudas, Niven R. Narain, and Rangaprasad Sarangarajan. "Abstract 4915: Preclinical pharmacology and toxicology of intravenous BPM31510, a coenzyme Q10-containing lipid nanodispersion." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2018; April 14-18, 2018; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-4915.

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Sun, Jiaxin, Milton Merchant, Anne R. Diers, Shiva Kazerounian, Stephane Gesta, Niven R. Narain, Rangaprasad Sarangarajan, Seema Nagpal, and Lawrence Recht. "Abstract 2968: BPM31510, a Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) containing lipid nanodispersion, enhances radiation effects to prolong survival in a rodent glioblastoma model." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2020; April 27-28, 2020 and June 22-24, 2020; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-2968.

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Laurentia, Laurentia. "CONTACT ADHESIVE NANODISPERSIONS BASED ON MODIFIED POLYCHLOROPRENE WITH RESIN AND COLLAGEN HYDROLYSATES." In 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2017/61/s24.010.

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"Atomization of oxygen nanodispersions in isotonic saline for applications in aerosol therapy." In Chemical technology and engineering. Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/cte2021.01.161.

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Hammonds, James S., Kimani A. Stancil, and Olalekan S. Adewuyi. "Selective Infrared Energy Harvesting by Nanoparticle Dispersions in Solar Thermal Desalination Systems." In ASME 2020 14th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2020-1654.

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Abstract A significant portion of the infrared solar spectrum is either unused, or wasted by inefficient solar energy conversion. In this paper, we show that infrared light harvesting can also be accomplished by dispersions of polar nanoparticles. Polar nanoparticle dispersions in a selective absorber may result in Solar Thermal Desalination (STD) systems that aim to maximize the solar-to-heat conversion efficiency by managing the thermal radiative and conduction losses. In noting that irregular dispersions of polar nanoparticles are less costly than regularly spaced nanostructures to manufacture at large scales, we describe the solar absorptivity as a function of a nanoparticle chain model determined emissivity and thermal conductance. The near-field interactions between nanoparticles are explained by modeling the nanoparticles as dispersed electromagnetic dipole oscillations that interact with solar light. An FDTD model of polar nanodispersions near an optical cavity is used to demonstrate infrared harvesting. With this model, we show that the infrared light-harvesting mechanisms of silica nanoparticles involve local and propagating surface phonon polaritons and varying the volume fraction changes radiation transport properties by several orders of magnitude. In discussing STD systems, we demonstrate a potential to use nanoparticle chains to create novel selective absorbers with tunable solar absorptivity.
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Reports on the topic "Nanodispersion"

1

Furst, Eric M. Directed Self-Assembly of Nanodispersions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1105006.

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