Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Nanofils'
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Maras, Emile. "Du nanofil bimétallique isolé à la distribution de nanofils codéposés : une vision d'ensemble(s)." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00765965.
Full textDiarra, Mamadou. "Etude théorique de nanofils semiconducteurs." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00432564.
Full textHorvath, Christophe. "Réalisation de nanofils de protéines." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00647308.
Full textDiarra, Mamadou Marcel. "Étude théorique de nanofils semiconducteurs." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10010/document.
Full textRecent breakthroughs in the growth of semiconductor nanowires (SNWs) have opened up great opportunities for nanoscale device applications. SNWs remain semiconducting independent oftheir diameter and orientation, giving the ability to control their properties by doping. Therefore a large number of experimental works have addressed the problem of doping and of its modulation in SNWs. While there is no doubt that p- and n-type SNWs can be produced, the question of how their electrical conductivity depends on the doping level remains largely open. ln fact, most of the works showing good transport properties concern SNWs doped with high impurity concentration, near or above the Mott density. ln order to investigate the doping efficiency in SNWs, we present calculations of the electronic structure of donor and acceptor impurities in Si nanowires. We show that their ionization energy increases due to the confinement, the quantum confinement at small sizes (diameter < 5 nm) and above aIl the so-called dielectric confinement which occurs when there is an important dielectric mismatch between the wire and its surrounding. For SNWs embedded in a material with a low dielectric constant, we obtain that the impurities cannot be ionized at room temperature even for diameters up to several tens of nanometers. We explain the origin of this behavior by considering the effect of the impurity potential and of the self-energy of the carrier, and we make predictions for the ionization energy in different configurations. These results allow us to conclude on the necessity to use heavy doping to obtain good electrical properties in SNWs
Diarra, Mamadou Marcel. "Étude théorique de nanofils semiconducteurs." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10010.
Full textRecent breakthroughs in the growth of semiconductor nanowires (SNWs) have opened up great opportunities for nanoscale device applications. SNWs remain semiconducting independent oftheir diameter and orientation, giving the ability to control their properties by doping. Therefore a large number of experimental works have addressed the problem of doping and of its modulation in SNWs. While there is no doubt that p- and n-type SNWs can be produced, the question of how their electrical conductivity depends on the doping level remains largely open. ln fact, most of the works showing good transport properties concern SNWs doped with high impurity concentration, near or above the Mott density. ln order to investigate the doping efficiency in SNWs, we present calculations of the electronic structure of donor and acceptor impurities in Si nanowires. We show that their ionization energy increases due to the confinement, the quantum confinement at small sizes (diameter < 5 nm) and above aIl the so-called dielectric confinement which occurs when there is an important dielectric mismatch between the wire and its surrounding. For SNWs embedded in a material with a low dielectric constant, we obtain that the impurities cannot be ionized at room temperature even for diameters up to several tens of nanometers. We explain the origin of this behavior by considering the effect of the impurity potential and of the self-energy of the carrier, and we make predictions for the ionization energy in different configurations. These results allow us to conclude on the necessity to use heavy doping to obtain good electrical properties in SNWs
Rosaz, Guillaume. "Intégration 3D de nanofils Si-SiGe pour la réalisation de transistors verticaux 3D à canal nanofil." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00981971.
Full textDa, Col Sandrine. "Parois magnétiques dans les nanofils cylindriques." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENY083/document.
Full textThe underlying physics of magnetic domain wall motion is currently arousing a strong interest, enhanced by the possibilities of applications into magnetic memories.Domain walls are mostly studied in nanostripes made by lithography.Nevertheless, a cylindrical geometry would involve domain walls with different structures and dynamical behaviors that could resolve issues, such as the speed limitation observed in nanostripes.Their elaboration process, via the fabrication of nanoporous template followed by the electrolytic filling of the pores, leads to self-organized nanowires with high aspect ratio and weak distribution in diameter.In spite of their undeniable interest, for now only very few domain walls studies have been conducted on such cylindrical systems.This thesis hence intends to contribute to the subject.Part of the thesis have been devoted to the setting and development of some steps of the fabrication process : reduction of membrane porosity, modulation of the pore diameter, electrodeposition of a magnetic alloy.These geometrical and structural adjustments of the nanowires have been used to study several facets of domain walls in nanowires.In the first place, an experimental way to reduce the magnetostatic interactions that could disturb domain wall propagation in dense arrays of nanowires have been proposed.Its efficency have been demonstrated through array hysteresis cycles, on the domain wall nucleation that occurs at nanowires extremities during magnetization reversal.Others pinning mechanisms have then been evidenced by analyzing initial magnetization curves measured after a controlled nucleation of domain walls.However, the observation of propagation fields of a few milliteslas by magnetic force microscopy (MFM) on individual nanowires opens the way to dynamical studies on such systems.At last, the observation of domain wall internal structure by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism in photoemission electron microscopy (XMCD-PEEM) evidenced the two types of domain walls theoretically and numerically predicted, for which very different mobilities are expected
Chen, Wanghua. "Modélisation de la croissance des nanofils de Si et métrologie à l'échelle atomique de la composition des nanofils." Phd thesis, Université de Rouen, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00651352.
Full textSinghal, Dhruv. "Forêt de nanofils semiconducteurs pour la thermoélectricité." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAY016/document.
Full textThermoelectric conversion has gained renewed interest based on the possibilities of increasing the efficiencies while exploiting the size effects. For instance, nanowires theoretically show increased power factors along with reduced phonon transport owing to confinement and/or size effects. In this context, the diameter of the nanowires becomes a crucial parameter to address in order to obtain high thermoelectric efficiencies. A usual approach is directed towards reducing the phononic thermal conductivity in nanowires by achieving enhanced boundary scattering while reducing diameters.In this work, thermal characterisation of a dense forest of silicon, germanium, silicon-germanium and Bi2Te3 alloy nanowires is done through a sensitive 3ω method. These forest of nanowires for silicon, germanium and silicon-germanium alloy were grown through bottom-up technique following the Vapour-Liquid-Solid mechanism in Chemical vapour deposition. The template-assisted and gold catalyst growth of nanowires with controlled diameters was achieved with the aid of tuneable nanoporous alumina as templates. The nanowires are grown following the internal geometry of the nanopores, in such a case the surface profile of the nanowires can be modified according to the fabricated geometry of nanopores. Benefiting from this fact, high-density growth of diameter-modulated nanowires was also demonstrated, where the amplitude and the period of modulation can be easily tuned during the fabrication of the templates. Even while modulating the diameters during growth, the nanowires were structurally characterised to be monocrystalline through transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis.The thermal characterisation of these nanowires revealed a strong diameter dependent decrease in the thermal conductivity, where the reduction was predominantly linked to strong boundary scattering. The mean free path contribution to the thermal conductivity observed in the bulk of fabricated nanowire materials vary a lot, where Bi2Te3 has strikingly low mean free path distribution (0.1 nm to 15 nm) as compared to the other materials. Even then, reduced thermal conductivities (~40%) were observed in these alloys attributed to boundary and impurity scattering. On the other hand, silicon and germanium have higher thermal conductivity with a larger mean free path distribution. In these nanowires, a significant reduction (10-15 times) was observed with a strong dependence on the size of the nanowires.While size effects reduce the thermal conductivity by enhanced boundary scattering, doping these nanowires can incorporate mass-difference scattering at atomic length scales. The temperature dependence of thermal conductivity was determined for doped nanowires of silicon to observe a reduction in thermal conductivity to a value of 4.6 W.m-1K-1 in highly n-doped silicon nanowires with 38 nm diameter. Taking into account the electrical conductivity and calculated Seebeck coefficient, a ZT of 0.5 was observed. With these significant increase in the efficiency of silicon as a thermoelectric material, a real practical application to devices is not far from reality
Jamond, Nicolas. "Des nanofils Nitrure à la génération piézoélectrique." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066511/document.
Full textNitride nanowires are a promising material for the fabrication of efficient and compact piezogenerators. Their tremendous piezoelectric and mechanical properties give them the ability to convert efficiently mechanical energy into electrical energy. The piezoelectric material studied in this thesis is GaN, synthetised as nanowires by PA-MBE. Thanks to an adapted AFM résiscope, we show the great potential of nitride nanowires for piezogeneration and the correlation between the polarity of the nanostructure, its deformation and the establishment of the piezopotential. We also study the harvesting efficiency of the nanostructures’ polarization, through a nanometric Schottky contact. Due to scale effects, this Schottky nanocontact shows a reduced barrier height and resistance, which lead to an enhanced conduction and thus to a better harvesting of the piezoelectric energy generated by the GaN nanowires. Based on the understanding of those mechanisms, we have built a piezogenerator integrating a vertical array of p-type GaN nanowires, embedded in HSQ resist and with their top connected by a Pt metallic electrode, leading to a Schottky contact. This prototype delivered a power density of about 12,7 mW.cm-3, which is the state of the art for GaN nanowires based piezogenerator
Jamond, Nicolas. "Des nanofils Nitrure à la génération piézoélectrique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066511.
Full textNitride nanowires are a promising material for the fabrication of efficient and compact piezogenerators. Their tremendous piezoelectric and mechanical properties give them the ability to convert efficiently mechanical energy into electrical energy. The piezoelectric material studied in this thesis is GaN, synthetised as nanowires by PA-MBE. Thanks to an adapted AFM résiscope, we show the great potential of nitride nanowires for piezogeneration and the correlation between the polarity of the nanostructure, its deformation and the establishment of the piezopotential. We also study the harvesting efficiency of the nanostructures’ polarization, through a nanometric Schottky contact. Due to scale effects, this Schottky nanocontact shows a reduced barrier height and resistance, which lead to an enhanced conduction and thus to a better harvesting of the piezoelectric energy generated by the GaN nanowires. Based on the understanding of those mechanisms, we have built a piezogenerator integrating a vertical array of p-type GaN nanowires, embedded in HSQ resist and with their top connected by a Pt metallic electrode, leading to a Schottky contact. This prototype delivered a power density of about 12,7 mW.cm-3, which is the state of the art for GaN nanowires based piezogenerator
Bounor, Botayna. "Micro-supercondensateurs 3D tout solide à électrodes hiérarchiques fabriqués à l'échelle du wafer." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT4024/document.
Full textOur study focuses on the fabrication of micro-supercapacitors based on hierarchical electrodes with a large surface area. These electrodes combine top down and bottom up approaches in order to develop important specific area by combining the surface gain of the 3D microstructures (top down / etching) and the nanowires (bottom up / growth). 3D microstructures etched within silicon substrate (microtubes / micropiliers / micromurs) forme the base of these hierarchical electrodes. Two aspects was explored to decorate 3D microstructures with nanowires. The first route is based on the hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO nanowires from a nanometric seed layer deposited by ALD on these 3D microstructures. The second explored route is based on a fast annealing process (<10 min) at high temperature (1000 ° C) of a SiO2 / Pt stack. This rapid annealing allowed therefore the formation of silica nanowires. The pseudocapacitive materials was then deposited electrolytically on these hierarchical electrodes. The method of elaboration of these electrodes was coupled with that of manufacturing complete MSCs in order to obtain high surface energy densities never before reached (> 100 uWh / cm2) while maintaining reasonable power density performances. (> 10 mW / cm2) by the use of thin films (~ 200 nm). This thesis was conducted between 3 laboratories of the RS2E: IMN, ICGM and IEMN
Demichel, Olivier. "Propriétés électroniques de nanofils de silicium obtenus par croissance catalysée." Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00437370.
Full textTerris, Damian. "Transfert de chaleur à échelles de temps et d'espace ultra-courtes : simulation numérique pour des nanofils et nanofilms de semiconducteur." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Terris-Damian/2008-Terris-Damian-These.pdf.
Full textSince high technology progress decreases system dimensions, it is necessarily to understand their physical properties. Therefore, this work contributes in the thermal property knowledge. Numerical simulations are then done to predict heat transfer. To achieve this request, Boltzmann transfer equation is solved, using the discrete ordinate method. Since nanowires and nanofilms are frequently found in microelectronics, their geometries are studied. Furthermore, heat carrier spectral dependence is taken into account trough their velocities and relaxation times. In a first hand, steady state results are used to define thermal properties. It is shown that, in nanowires, diffusive regime is always observed whereas, in films, Fourier’s law can only be used for thickness greater than 1 m, at ambient temperature. For lower temperatures or thicknesses, heat transfers are governed by ballistic phenomena. Finally, taken into account spectral dependences allow us to predict heat transfer at small time scales. It is then viewed that conduction heat transfers in ballistic regime have two temperature waves due to phonon polarizations
Terris, Damian Joulain Karl Lemonnier Denis. "Transfert de chaleur à échelles de temps et d'espace ultra-courtes simulation numérique pour des nanofils et nanofilms de semiconducteur /." Poitiers : I-Médias, 2008. http://08.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/index.php?id=1924.
Full textCoulon, Pierre-Marie. "Croissance et caractérisation de nanofils/microfils de GaN." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01002342.
Full textLucot, Damien. "Propriétés de transport électronique de nanofils supraconducteurs électrodéposés." Reims, 2007. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000529.pdf.
Full textIn one-dimensional (1D) superconducting systems, any long-range order is impossible. Superconducting order parameter fluctuations destroy the zero resistance state and induce a non-equilibrium phenomenon which leads to the successive nucleation of phase-slip-center (PSC). Study of such superconducting systems is of importance not only for dynamical properties of 1D superconductivity, but also for understanding the decoherence mechanisms of quantum systems due to interaction with their environment. In this context, superconducting nanowires attract a lot of attention due to their fundamental properties as well as their potential applications in nanotechnologies. An elegant approach to fabricate those kind of nanowires, consists in the use of track-etched polymer membranes as a template for electrodeposition. In this work, we studied transport properties of single superconducting nanowire. Electronic lithography has been used to realise several electrical contacts along isolated nanowires spread over a substrate. This allows one to locally probe the electrochemical potential of wires, over a length of several hundreds of nanometers. Multiprobes measurements of a 50nm diameter tin wire, at 30 mK, show PSCs and incomplete Meissner effect. This geometry allows us to precisely study the evolution of PSCs under magnetic field. In addition, one could show the impact of the inverse proximity effect induced by normal electrodes on superconducting order parameter. We highlight two different modes of quasiparticle relaxation. Moreover one observed that coupling with a dissipative environment allowed the stabilization of superconductivity in a 1D finite wire
Lucot, Damien Mailly Dominique Yu-Zhang Kui. "Propriétés de transport électronique de nanofils supraconducteurs électrodéposés." Reims : S.C.D. de l'Université, 2007. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000529.pdf.
Full textZhu, Mingxuan. "Nanofils de silicium pour les cellules solaires hybrides." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00945787.
Full textAjay, Akhil. "Nanofils de GaN/AlGaN pour les composants quantiques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAY030/document.
Full textDue to its novel properties nanowires have emerged as promising building blocks for various advanced device applications. This work focuses on Intersubband (ISB) engineering of nanowires where we custom design GaN/(Al,Ga)N heterostructures to be inserted in a GaN nanowire to render it optically active in the infrared (IR) spectral region. ISB transitions refer to energy transitions between quantum confined levels in the conduction band of the nanostructure. All the structures analised in this thesis were synthesized by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy.Precise control of high doping levels is crucial for ISB devices. Therefore, we explored Ge as an alternative dopant for GaN and AlGaN, to replace commonly-used Si. We grew Ge-doped GaN thin films with carrier concentrations of up to 6.7 × 1020 cm−3 at 300 K, well beyond the Mott density, and we obtained conductive Ge-doped AlxGa1-xN thin films with an Al mole fraction up to x = 0.66. In the case of GaN, the presence of Ge does not affect the growth kinetics or structural properties of the samples. However, in Ge doped AlxGa1-xN samples with x > 0.4 the formation of Ge rich clusters was observed, together with a drop in the carrier concentration.Then, we performed a comparative study of Si vs. Ge doping in GaN/AlN heterostructures for ISB devices in the short-wavelength IR range. We considered both planar and nanowire architectures with identical doping levels and well dimensions. Based on this study, we concluded that both Si and Ge are suitable dopants for the fabrication of GaN/AlN heterostructures for the study of ISB optoelectronic phenomena, both in planar and nanowire heterostructures. Within this study, we reported the first observation of ISB absorption in Ge-doped GaN/AlN quantum wells and in Si-doped GaN/AlN nanowire heterostructures. In the case of nanowires, we obtained a record ISB absorption linewidth in the order of 200 meV. However, this value is still larger than that observed in planar structures, due to the inhomogeneities associated to the self-assembled growth process.Trying to reduce the inhomogeneities while keeping the advantages of the nanowire geometry, we also presented a systematic analysis of ISB absorption in micro- and nanopillars resulting from top-down processing GaN/AlN planar heterostructures. We showed that, when the spacing of the pillar array is comparable to the probed wavelengths, photonic crystal resonances dominate the absorption spectra. However, when these resonances are at much shorter wavelengths than the ISB absorption, the absorption is clearly observed, without any degradation of its magnitude or linewidth.We also explore the possibility to extend this nanowire technology towards longer wavelengths, to absorb in the mid-wavelength IR region. Using GaN/AlN nanowire heterostructures, we varied the GaN well width from 1.5 to 5.7 nm, which led to a red shift of the ISB absorption from 1.4 to 3.4 µm. Replacing the AlN barriers by Al0.4Ga0.6N, the reduction of polarization led to a further red shift of the ISB transitions to 4.5-6.4 µm.The observation of ISB absorption in nanowire ensembles motivated us for the development of a nanowire-based quantum well infrared photodetector (NW-QWIP). The first demonstration of such a device, incorporating a GaN/AlN nanowire heterostructure that absorbs at 1.55 µm, is presented in this manuscript
Rogdakis, Konstantinos. "Experimental and theoretical study of 3C-silicon carbide nanowire field effect transistors." Grenoble INPG, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPG0004.
Full textRecently, the growth and characterization of one-dimensional (10) nanostructures taanowires, nanorods, nanotubes) of wide-band-gap semiconductors have been extensively studied. . To their potential for applications in nanoelectronics, sensors, batteries, and field emission élisplays (FEDs). The nanowire (NW) approach allows for a coaxial gate-dielectric channel pmetry that is ideal for further downscaling and electrostatic control. Among the wide band-gap materials, 3C-SiC exhibits high values of thermal conductivity, breakdown electric field, electron drift velocity, Young's modulus and hardness as well as excellent chemical and physical stability. Therefore, 3C-SiC semiconductor nanowires, grown either with top-down or bottom-up techniques, Me expected to generate a new family of high-performance nanowire devices as an add-on to mainstream Si technology. This thesis is divided into three main parts. Ln the first chapter, an introduction to nanowire growth, properties and devices is presented. Our theoretical work follows in chapter two, where a study of 3C-SiC nanowire-based FETs (NWFETs) operating either in ballistic or in dissipative transport regime is indicated. More precisely, we introduce numerical simulations of gate-all-around (GAA) 3C-SiC and Si NWFETs using a full quantum self-consistent Poisson¬SchrOdinger algorithm within the non-equilibrium Green's functions (NEGF) formalism. A direct comparison between Si and 3C-SiC device performances sheds some light on the different transport properties of the two materials. Ln the third and forth chapter, the nanowire growth, the fabrication and the electrical characterization of 3C-SiC NWFETs is presented. The last part of the thesis is devoted to the simulation of the electrical behaviour of the experimental NWFETs (both 3C-SiC and Si NWFETs) by using the Silvaco simulation tool. The accurate fitting of the experimental data, allows us to calculate the nanowire carrier concentration and mobility, and estimate the nanowireldielectric interface quality as well as to study the effect of carrier concentration lowering, Schottky barriers height at contacts and the interface quality on the device's performance
Demichel, Olivier. "Propriétés électroniques de nanofils de silicium obtenus par croissance catalysée." Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENY001.
Full textFor a bottom-up approach, the catalysed growth of nanowires opens the way for numerous applications: vertical nano-transistors with a surrounding gate, core-shell heterostructures and so on. . . With these new devices, new questions emerge concerning catalyst or surface influences on the nanowire electronic properties. My work, based on a spectroscopic study with photoluminescence experiments underlined the predominant role of the surface on the electronic properties of nanowires. The surface state passivation allowed to observe the radiative recombination of free carriers of a dense phase: the electron-hole liquid, in gold- and copper-catalysed nanowires. This liquid phase has the singularity to be stable and its density is constant. This property is unique in semiconductors and led to a quantitative study of the influence of the surface via a modification of the surface/volume ratio. An original method for the surface recombination velocity (SRV) measure has been developed and very low SRV have been measured which is linked to an efficient passivation of surfaces states. The volume properties of gold-catalysed nanowires were found to be very similar to those of standard bulk silicon used in micro-electronics. Finally, the sacrificial oxidation of silicon allowed to obtain nanowires whose diameter were smaller than 10 nm. The progressive oxidation of nanowires allowed the observation of a shift of the PL line towards lower energy attributed to strains, then the increase of the gap energy is correlated to the carrier quantum confinement
Landré, Olivier. "Étude de la nucléation et de la croissance de structures filaires GaN et AlN." Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENY019.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis deals with the growth mechanisms of nitride semiconductor nanowires produced by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA-MBE). The following experimental techniques were used to support the investigations: scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), multi-wavelength diffraction experiments and spectroscopy in diffraction condition (performed on beamlines BM2 & BM32 at the ESRF), and photoluminescence experiments. The nucleation of gallium nitride (GaN) nanowires initiated on a 3nm thin epitaxial layer of aluminum nitride (AlN), which is grown on a (111) silicon substrate has been investigated. It is demonstrated that the full relaxation of the nanowires precursors is one of the key points of the GaN nanowires nucleation process. It is furthermore demonstrated that the granular morphology of the AlN buffer plays a crucial role. Further growth of GaN nanowires in the steady state regime following the nucleation stage has been studied. It has been established that Ga diffusion on the growth plane and on the nanowire side facets is responsible for the growth of GaN nanowires. It has been shown in particular that In may play the role of a surfactant and promote in-plane Ga diffusion, making possible the growth of GaN nanowires at relatively low temperature. Based on the understanding of GaN nanowires nucleation and growth, the PA-MBE growth of AlN nanowires deposited on a 4nm thick SiO2 layer on Si (001) has been studied, for the first time Next, strain relaxation in AlN/GaN super-lattices grown on GaN nanowires has been studied. Comparison with theoretical simulations allows us to conclude that strain relaxation occurs elastically. Finally, the subject of AlGaN nanowire growth is briefly introduced
Landré, Olivier. "Étude de la nucléation et de la croissance de structures filaires GaN et AlN." Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529998.
Full textGuan, Xin. "Growth of semiconductor ( core) / functional oxide ( shell) nanowires : application to photoelectrochemical water splitting." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEC057/document.
Full textThe objective of this PhD is to develop the network of GaAs (core) / oxide (shell) nanowires for solar water splitting. The geometry of the GaAs nanowires was firstly optimized by adjusting different experimental parameters of the self-catalyzed growth of these nanowires by molecular beam epitaxy. We then systematically studied the surface oxidation of the GaAs nanowires and its negative effect on the growth of the shell. We have therefore developed a method called the arsenic (As) capping / decapping method that protects the facets of nanowires from the oxidation. A physico-chemical study has shown the beneficial effect of such a method on the growth of the shell. The growth of a SrTiO3 shell on GaAs nanowires was then performed. In-depth characterizations of SrTiO3 shell growth on GaAs nanowires were carried out. Most of the SrTiO3 perovskite structure was in epitaxial relationship with the GaAs crystalline lattice. The last part of this thesis concerns the application of such GaAs / oxide nanowire networks to PEC devices where the oxide serves as a passivation layer. The influence of the doping and the morphology of GaAs nanowires was first studied. The properties of GaAs / SrTiO3 and GaAs / TiO2 nanowire networks used as photoelectrodes in PEC devices are finally studied
Becdelievre, Jeanne. "Etude des propriétés électriques et mécaniques de nanofils de GaAs : vers une modulation du transport par effet piézoélectrique ou ferroélectrique." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEC041/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to modulate the electrical transport in GaAs nanowires by piezoelectric or ferroelectric effect. To perform this, a preliminary study of electrical and mechanical properties of these nanowires is required. It is the first step towards the elaboration of new devices as nanowire ferroelectric transistor or piezotronic nanogenerator. First chapter is dedicated to elaboration by molecular beam epitaxy of self-catalyzed GaAs nanowires on Si (111). By optimization of growth parameter, we managed the first growth ultra-long nanowires, with length up to 80 μm by this elaboration technic. Growth kinetic and crystallographic and optical properties of these nanowires has been highligth. The two following chapters are focused on electrical and mechanical characterizations of theses nanowires. It has been shown that theses nanowires have interesting conduction properties and expected mechanical behaviour. The last chapter presents a preliminary study of coupling with piezoelectricity and ferroelectricity. First of all, piezoelectricity in GaAs nanowires is observed. Then, we present coupling with a piezoelectric matrix of P(VDF-TrFE). Finally, we proved a modulation of the transport by polarization orientation of a ferroelectric PZT thin film
Mouchet, Céline. "Croissance de nanofils de silicium et de Si/SiGe." Grenoble INPG, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00345969.
Full textNanowires are promising materials for thermoelectrical or photovoltaïc microgenerators and as building block for nanoelectronics systems. They answer to miniaturization, autonomy and wireless needs of nomade devices. This work is focused on the synthesis of silicon and Si/SiGe nanowires and more specifically on the growth study and structure analysis. Silicon and Si/SiGe nanowires grow following gold-catalyzed VLS (Vapour-Liquid-Solid) method. Silane or silane-germane mixture were injected in a chemical vapour deposition (CVD) reactor, and undergo thermal decomposition. Two routes were chosen for nanoparticles preparation and led to nanowire growth : gold thin film dewetting and use of gold colloïds. A parametric study was performed on Si nanowires growth to achieve a good control of diameter, length and shape. A structural study by transmission electronic microscopy highlighted the nanowire cristallinity, the presence of defects and the one-dimensional Si/SiGe heterostructures. To obtain p-type or n-type doped nanowires, phosphine or diborane were added to the gas mixture. The first doping measurements have been carried out by secondary ion mass spectrometry and electrical characterization
Xu, Tao. "Croissance localisée, caractérisation structurale et électronique de nanofils silicium." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00460328.
Full textRoy, Emmanuel. "Elaboration Electrochimique et Caractérisations de Nanofils d'Antimoine et d'Or." Phd thesis, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00351667.
Full textVaurette, Francois. "Fabrication top-down, caractérisation et applications de nanofils silicium." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00342294.
Full textDeux voies de fabrication sont envisagées : la lithographie par AFM (Microscope à Force Atomique) et la lithographie électronique. Cette dernière étant plus reproductible, les dispositifs finaux sont fabriqués par cette technique, à partir d'un substrat SOI et plusieurs étapes de gravure et métallisation.
L'étude des nanofils par mesures I(V) nous permet de mettre en évidence une zone déplétée à l'interface Si/SiO2 natif. Grâce à l'utilisation de nanofils de largeurs et de longueurs différentes, nous sommes capables de déterminer la largeur de la zone déplétée, la densité d'états d'interface ainsi que le niveau de dopage des nanofils. L'évolution de la résistance des nanofils avec la température est également étudiée et montre une dépendance associée à la diffusion des phonons de surface.
Trois applications sont ensuite décrites : un décodeur, un commutateur de courant et un capteur biologique. En effet, la gravure locale des nanofils conduit à une modulation de la bande de conduction, rendant possible la réalisation d'un décodeur. D'autre part, la fabrication de croix à base de nanofils et de grilles latérales à proximité des croix qui contrôlent le passage du courant dans les différentes branches permet de former un commutateur de courant. Enfin, grâce au rapport important de la surface par rapport au volume des nanofils et leur bonne fonctionnalisation chimique, ceux-ci sont utilisés pour détecter électriquement des interactions biologiques (détection de l'ovalbumine).
Song, Mingxia. "Propagation des plasmons de surface dans des nanofils métalliques." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00842236.
Full textChoi, Jihoon. "Nanofils de SiC : de la croissance aux dispositifs associés." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01061784.
Full textSolanki, Amit. "Propriétés électriques et optiques des nanofils uniques de silicium." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00846580.
Full textKouriba, Timothe. "Propriétés optiques de microstructures à base de nanofils métalliques." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00845919.
Full textHsu, Chuan-Lun. "Réalisation, caractérisation et modélisation de nanofils pour application RF." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00951398.
Full textAuzelle, Thomas. "Nanofils de GaN/AlN : nucléation, polarité et hétérostructures quantiques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAY057/document.
Full textUsing specific conditions, GaN can be epitaxially grown on a large variety of substrates as a nanowire (NW) array. This geometry allows the subsequent growth of wire-like heterostructures likely free of extended defects, which makes them promising for increasing device controllability and performance. First, my PhD work has been devoted to the understanding of self-organized nucleation of GaN NWs on silicon substrates. For this purpose, a deep characterization of the growth mechanism of the AlN buffer deposited prior to NW nucleation has been done, emphasizing an unexpected large reactivity of Al with the substrate. The requirement of the N polarity to nucleate GaN NWs has been evidenced, although the possible existence of NWs hosting a Ga polar core has been observed as well. In these NWs, an inversion domain boundary is present and has been demonstrated to be optically active, having a photoluminescence signature at 3.45 eV. Next, GaN/AlN wire heterostructures have been grown for structural and optical characterization. It has been shown that by changing the wire diameter, different growth mode for the heterostructure could be reached.At last, thanks to the cylindrical geometry of NWs, the measurement of diffusion length for charge carriers in GaN and AlN NWs have been performed
Jamet, Ségolène. "Etude des parois de domaines dans les nanofils magnétiques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAY068/document.
Full textThe work performed during my thesis was based on magnetic domain walls in magnetic nanowires. We extended the phase diagram of domain walls already known to a geometry ranging from nanostrips to nanowires. The various types of domain wall and transition phase types are presented. We introduced new estimators based on physical known features, in order to better characterize domain walls magnetic configurations of domain walls and then to predict the type of domain wall according to the geometry.To validate our theoretical approach, we were interested in imaging these domain walls. We chose the X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism along with the PhotoEmission Electron Microscopy (XMCD PEEM). This microscopy method enables to reach spatial resolution required to observed domain wall configuration. The experimental conditions (sample and set up) enable to have access both the surface magnetization and also the shadow of the wire projected on to the substrate. This enable caries information about volume magnetization, averaged along the path of the X-ray through the wire. This experimental configuration gives rise to complex contrasts. Thus, we developped a model that enables to simulate the XMCD contrast from steady state micromagnetic configurations. Comparison between experimental and simulated contrasts gives rise to a good quantitative agreement. Moreover, experimental parameters were studied in order to get the best magnetic contrast, reflecting the true magnetic configuration of the sample.For the future, the work consists in the study of the domain wall propagation in nanowires, particularly the propagation of the Bloch point wall
Mayousse, Céline. "Élaboration d’électrodes transparentes souples à base de nanofils métalliques." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI085/document.
Full textTransparent conductive thin films are widely used in technologies like solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and display technologies. The fabrication of transparent conductive films is currently realized with thin films of transparent conductive oxides (TCOs), and in particular indium tin oxide (ITO). The as-made ITO transparent conductors suffer from limitations like costly fabrication process and brittleness. The use of solution-processable nanomaterials, and especially metallic nanowires, appears as a promising alternative since it affords a large area, low-cost deposition method with high performances.This thesis report that by optimizing synthesis methods and printing methods, flexible electrodes demonstrating excellent opto-electronic properties were performed, either with the use of a percolating network of silver nanowires or copper nanowires. The silver nanowires, however, seem to be better candidates than the copper nanowires (synthesized substantial amount, printing large area, better stability in air, etc.). Thus, having identified the main technological barriers related to the use of Ag NW (roughness, adhesion, work function, electrical/environmental stabilities), different solutions have been proposed in order to make the silver nanowires compatible with as many devices for integration.The potential of silver nanowires as replacements for ITO was confirmed through the integration of electrodes in various functional devices (organic solar cell, capacitive touch sensor or the film heater)
Kouriba, Timothé. "Propriétés optiques de microstructures à base de nanofils métalliques." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENY084/document.
Full textWe used a novel method of laser photochemistry to fabricate 3D microstructures based on metallic nanowires. Nanowires are obtained by laser photoreduction of metallic salt dissolved in a polymer matrix. The chemical reaction is initiated by the two-photon absorption of a photoreductor only at laser focal point. The geometry of microstructures is obtained by moving laser focal point according to suitable trajectories. In this thesis, we have studied the optical properties of of structures based on silver nanowires. A nanowire that stops a plane wave creates a diffracted field which shows parabolic trajectories of maxima and minima intensities. Calculations based on Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction show that this typical figure corresponds to interferences between the incident plane wave and spherical waves generated at the two nanowire edges. When nanowires are arranged into set of parallel nanowires, spaced by a few microns, their diffracted fields generate intensity distributions similar to those of cylindrical refractive microlenses. In that case interference between the incident wave and the diffracted wave leads to a quadrative phase which is the at origin of focalisation. Manufacturing 2D arrays of nanowires allow to achieve very dense arrays of microlenses (10000x10000 DPI, dots per inch), which are impossible to make with refractive microlenses. The possibility to make 3D geometry permit to manipulate maxima and minima intensity trajectories for new diffractive functions at the microscopic scale. For instance manufacturing nanowires shifted in space leads to a new type of optical microdevice that allows the spatial separation of colors red, green and blue at microscopic scale
Roy, Emmanuel. "Élaboration électrochimique et caractérisations de nanofils d'antimoine et d'or." Marne-la-Vallée, 2002. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00351667.
Full textOne-dimensional nanostructures attract a great deal of research interest because they allow both fundamental studies and potential applications. The aim of this work is to investigate the electrodeposited nanowires such as antimony (Sb) and gold (Au). By correlation of the synthesis conditions, growth morphology and crystal quality, we have successfully elaborated single crystalline nanowires using template method, i. E. Both Sb and Au nanowires were deposited in the pores of a polycarbonate membrane with a diameter variation from 400 to 20 nm. Analysis of the electrochemical behaviors during deposition processing results in a preliminary comprehension of the electrodeposition mechanism for template nanowire preparation, which is related to a special diffusion layer thickness in the case of nano-deposition. Characterization of nano-scaled structures requires specific techniques, particularly in high resolution. Therefore, SEM-FEG, HRTEM, EXDS-TEM, EELS-STEM-FEG as well as AFM have been used in this work for both the growth morphology investigation and the chemical composition determination of the electrodeposited Sb and Au nanowires. Finally, field emission properties of the free-standing Au nanowires have been measured in order to fabricated field emission displays (FEDs). A threshold field (Ethr) equal to 3,2 V/µm (for an emission current density of 10 mA/cm2) was deduced. This value is comparable to that obtained with carbon nanotubes
Mallet, Jérémy. "Electrodéposition et propriétés magnétiques de nanofils d'alliage CoxPt1-x." Reims, 2004. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000023.pdf.
Full textThe constant drive in the fabrication of magnetic recording media to increase the aerial density has implied to use another storage process such as perpendicular recording. To this end, new materials with strong perpendicular anisotropy, high coercive field and nanoscaled grain size are required. CoxPt1-x alloy is an excellent candidate due to the large magnetocrystalline anisotropy associated with its ordered face centred tetragonal phase (L10). CoxPt1-x nanowires have been electrodeposited into the nanopores of two different substrates: polycarbonate membranes or alumina membranes supported on doped Si wafers. The properties of the nanowires have been studied in both their as-deposited and annealed states. The crystalline structure and alloying composition have been systematically analyzed by X-Ray diffraction, TEM and EDX. The magnetic properties have been measured by VSM and SQUID magnetometers. The as-deposited nanowires have a metastable fcc structure and exhibit a quite hard ferromagnetic behavior. Magnetic characteristics, such as saturated magnetization, coercive field or magnetic reversal process, have been determined. The annealed nanowires can show different crystalline structures (fcc, L10 or L12) depending on both the alloy composition and the heat treatment processing. Influence of several factors on the magnetic properties of the nanowires, such as substrate nature, annealing conditions and measurement temperature, has been investigated. Very promising results were obtained with nanowires of 80 nm in diameter embedded in the alumina membrane, which exhibit a coercive field higher than 10 kOe at room temperature
Ghaddar, Abbas. "Dynamique de renversement de l’aimantation dans les nanofils ferromagnétiques." Brest, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BRES2016.
Full textNanotechnology encompasses large number of scientific and technical areas with a common length of interest, the nanometer (a thousandth of a micron). Progress in the control of matter al the nanometer scale opens new opportunities, scientific challenge, technical and economic challenges in various economy sectors and at the crossing point of several fields. The study and use of reduced dimension (2D films, 1D wires and 0D grains) nanostructured materials generates substantial progress due to their unique properties compared to bulk materials (3D). The objective of this thesis is to correlate conditions of preparation, to structural and magnetic properties of materials through the study of nanowires made of nickel and cobalt. The first part of this work involves production of nanowires in polycarbonate membrane pores. Determination of growth conditions allowed us to obtain high quality nanowires. Analysis of the electroplating process led to the understanding of growth mechanisms pertaining to nanomaterials. Structural characterization and determination of the chemical composition of electrodeposited nanowires are also presented. In the second part, we study the magnetic properties of the nanowires. Magnetic characterisation is based on VSM magnetometry and FMR. The quasi-static study of magnetization reversal reveals the presence of several modes of magnetization reversal depending on the nanowire geometry. Dynamic (frequency) studies confirm our static (zero frequency) results and allow us to control the effective anisotropy field strength in nanowire arrays. FMR measurements at low temperature unveiled the presence f novel terms in addition b tire magnetic anisotropy of the sample. Our studies are interpreted using several theoretical models such as Stoner-Wohlfarth, “Curling”, “Preisach” and “Landau-Lifshitz-Cilbert”. Good agreement is obtained between theory and experiment in our work
Vaurette, François. "Fabrication top-down, caractérisation et applications de nanofils silicium." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10009/document.
Full textThis work focuses on the study of silicon nanowires made by a top-down approach. The context of the study is the miniaturisation of the components and the understanding of the transport in 1D systems. Two fabrication approaches are studied : AFM lithography (Atomic Force Microscope) and e-beam lithography. The latter being more reproducible, the final devices are fabricated by this technique using a SOI substrate and multiple steps of etching and metallization.Transport characterization of the Si nanowires allows us to highlight a depleted area at the interface Si/native SiO2. Using nanowires with different widths and lengths, we can determine the depletion width, the surface state density as well as the doping level of the nanowires. The evolution of the nanowires resistance with temperature is also investigated, showing a dependence associated with surface phonons scattering. In the last chapter, three applications are described : a decoder, a current switch and a biosensor. The use of a local etching allows the modulation of the conduction band of the nanowires, opening the way to build a decoder using two local gates. Crossbar structures, where lateral gates which can derive the current in the di_erent branches, lead to the fabrication of a current switch. Finally, thanks to the large surface to volume ratio in these structures, the nanowires are used to detect electrically the interactions between molecules (ovalbumine detection)
Zehani, Emir. "Etude du dopage dans les nanofils d'oxyde de zinc." Thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VERS022V/document.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis aims to study the p-doping of ZnO nanowires by two different methods: in-situ (during growth) and ex-situ by diffusion of impurities in the nanowires from a gas phase. ZnO nanowires were prepared by MOCVD and characterized by different techniques: SEM, TEM, EDX, XPS, nano-Auger, XRD, SIMS, atom probe tomography, Raman, PL and I (V). The ex-situ doping attempts have not allowed the dopants (arsenic, phosphorus and antimony) to be diffused and incorporated into the ZnO matrix. They still remained on the surface. However, this process has highlighted the importance of nanowire surface annealing treatment with zinc, in order to reduce i) the density of surface related defects, and ii) the density of residual impurities n-type. This is a precondition for the incorporation of electrically active p-type dopants. For in-situ doping of ZnO nanowires, the dopant (nitrogen) is incorporated more easily into the ZnO matrix, reaching a concentration of about 1020 at.cm-3. Analyses of μ-Raman and μ-PL show that nitrogen atoms are inhomogeneously incorporated along the nanowires. If optical measurements confirm the presence of acceptors in the material after doping, the electrical measurements show, however, that nitrogen doped nanowires remain n-type
Israel, Mahmoud. "Croissance et caracterisation de nanofils de Si et Ge." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S062/document.
Full textThis work deals with the growth and characterization of silicon (Si) and germanium (Ge) nanowires. The nanowires were synthesized by the growth mechanism VLS (Vapor Liquid Solid) in a LPCVD reactor (Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition) using gold (Au) as the catalyst and silane (SiH4) and germane (GeH4) as precursor gas. In order to grow nanowires, the Au catalyst must be nano-structured in the form of nano-particles with controlled diameter if possible. This is done in this study by “dewetting” of a continuous layer evaporated on the chosen substrate. The thickness of this initial continuous layer is an essential parameter in the study. A preliminary part of this work deals with the problem of how the “dewetting” occurs, depending on various parameters (type of substrate, temperature, pressure, thickness of the continuous gold layer, growth duration and “dewetting” temperature) that control the LPCVD growth process. We varied these process parameters over wide ranges to determine how the influence the properties of Ge nanowires grown. The structural characterization of nanowires by transmission electron microscopy shows their single crystal structure with growth direction along <111> in the case of Si nanowires and along <110> for Ge nanowires. Finally, in the case of conical Ge nanowires isolated and deposited on different substrates, the micro-Raman analysis allowed us identifies an optical resonance phenomenon inside the nanowires which strongly depends on their local diameter. The Raman intensity increases with the decrease of volume excited. These effects are explained by the optical modes appearing according to the local diameter of the nanowire, the excitation wavelength and the nature of the substrate used. In addition, the Raman lines recorded along the same profiles did not show any spectral shift, reinforcing the idea that the behavior of their intensity has to be related to resonances associated with the development of local optical modes. These effects were observed to be dependent upon the type of substrate on which the isolated nanowires were transferred (dielectric versus metallic substrates). No effect of the confinement of phonon mode in our nanowires was observed
Bavencove, Anne-Laure. "Réalisation de diodes électroluminescentes à base de nanofils GaN." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENY037/document.
Full textThis thesis aims at studying the intrinsic properties of InGaN/GaN nanowires (NWs) in order to fabricate efficient light emitting diodes (LEDs). Two active region designs, obtained through different growth techniques, have been extensively investigated. Axial NW-based LEDs emitting from the blue to the red spectral range have been grown by MBE. In this case, single emitters present diameters typically smaller than 100 nm. MOCVD allowed the fabrication of LEDs emitting shorter wavelengths from Core/Shell heterostructures with typical dimensions in the micrometre range. In both cases, the spontaneous growth has been conducted on Silicon (111) highly conductive substrates in order to inject the current vertically into macroscopically contacted devices. Technological building blocks needed to fabricate LEDs have been investigated using a wide range of characterization techniques adapted for high aspect ratio structures. Thus, n-type (Silicon) and p-type (Magnesium) dopings have been assessed thanks to optical spectroscopy techniques, and these results have been confirmed by electrical measurements carried out on single wires. Furthermore, low temperature cathodoluminescence has been widely used to study the optical properties of InGaN-based active regions. After technological integration, electro-optical characterizations with spatial resolution down to the single wire level have revealed that device performances are mainly limited by the fluctuation of electrical and optical properties between single emitters
Godet, Adrien. "Spectroscopie Brillouin des micro et nanofils optiques de silice." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCD067/document.
Full textThis thesis reports the design and fabrication of subwavelength-diameter silica optical fibers, also known as optical micro and nanowires. These hair-like slivers of glass, manufactured by tapering optical fibers down to a size hundred times smaller than a strand of human hair, have a number of optical and mechanical properties that make them very attractive for both fundamental physics and technological applications. In addition to providing strong light confinement and enhanced nonlinear optical effects, they exhibit a large evanescent field, enabling applications not currently possible with comparatively bulky optical fibers.We here explore their elastic properties through Brillouin spectroscopy. We specifically provide a complete description, both theoretically and experimentally, of the backward Brillouin spectra including the observation of both bulk hybrid and surface acoustic waves with many anti-crossings. A very good agreement is found between numerical simulations of the elastodynamics equation and the experimental Brillouin spectra for a wide range of wire diameters. From this study, we demonstrate a simple and non-destructive in-situ technique for measuring the diameter of these ultra-thin fibers and their uniformity with a high sensitivity of only a few nanometers. A distributed measurement of both the surface and hybrid acoustic waves along an optical microwire was then performed using Brillouin optical correlation technique. We further investigate the tensile strain dependence of Brillouin scattering in optical microwires and report, for the first time to our knowledge, evidence of a strong elasticity and non-linearity of the elastic constants of silica. This thesis therefore demonstrates that optical microwires can find various potential applications for strain optical sensing
Fan, Zheng. "Study of in-plane silicon nanowires obtained via a solid-liquid-solid growth process and their self-organization for electronic applications." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EPXX0117.
Full textBourgeois, Emmanuel. "Couplage électron-phonon dans les semi-conducteurs dopés et ses applications à la supraconductivité." Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10105.
Full textCarbon and silicon arouse much interest since new synthesis methods have been settled that allow to heavily dope diamond and silicon, and to develop promising objects such as silicon nanowires. Using ab initio calculations, we studied superconducting properties of diamond and silicon and transport properties in nanowires. Thus, we were able to interprete several experimental results relating either to heavily boron-doped diamond or to superconductivity in silicon. Simulating model systems, we also suggested to use aluminium as a relevant dopant in order to enhance superconducting transition temperature in silicon. At last, we showed a great impact of nanowires diameter on their electronic and vibrational properties and questioned the consequences on electron-phonon coupling properties. Keywords: diamond, silicon, doping, superconductivity, nanowire, phonon, electron-phonon -coupling, electronic transport, DFT
Bechelany, Mikhael. "Nouveau procédé de croissance de nanofils à base de SiC et de nanotubes de BN : étude des propriétés physiques d’un nanofil individuel à base de SiC." Lyon 1, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/13/94/30/PDF/These_Bechelany.pdf.
Full textThis study is focused on SiC nanowires (NWs) and BN Nanotubes (NTs). A new process, based on the high-temperature (1400°C) reaction of carbon precursors with silicon precursors on the surface a graphite plate, was found to yield mass-production of SiC NWs. The main advantages of this process are the low-cost of the ensuing NWs, no requirement of any purification step, and the possibility to generate in situ a coating on the NWs surface with tunable chemical composition (silica or carbon) and tunable thickness. Chemical and Structural modifications of these SiC NWs have been performed and yielded multifunctional 1D nanostructures, incorporating for instance BN and ZnO. The process was successfully extended to the synthesis of BN NTs. The latter have also been prepared by template route associated with the polymer-derived ceramics approach. Borazine, H3B3N3H3, was used as molecular precursor. Advances towards applications were performed with the localization of SiC NWs onto Si or SiC substrates, and the successful incorporation of SiC NWs into inorganic matrices. Physical properties of an individual SiC NW was studied by Raman Spectroscopy and Field Emission