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Journal articles on the topic 'Nanotubes hybrides'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Gerasimenko, Alexander Yu, Artem V. Kuksin, Yury P. Shaman, et al. "Electrically Conductive Networks from Hybrids of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Created by Laser Radiation." Nanomaterials 11, no. 8 (2021): 1875. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11081875.

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A technology for the formation of electrically conductive nanostructures from single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), and their hybrids with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on Si substrate has been developed. Under the action of single pulses of laser irradiation, nanowelding of SWCNT and MWCNT nanotubes with graphene sheets was obtained. Dependences of electromagnetic wave absorption by films of short and long nanotubes with subnanometer and nanometer diameters on wavelength are calculated. It was determined from dependences that absorption maxima of various types of nanotubes are in the wavelength region of about 266 nm. It was found that contact between nanotube and graphene was formed in time up to 400 fs. Formation of networks of SWCNT/MWCNT and their hybrids with rGO at threshold energy densities of 0.3/0.5 J/cm2 is shown. With an increase in energy density above the threshold value, formation of amorphous carbon nanoinclusions on the surface of nanotubes was demonstrated. For all films, except the MWCNT film, an increase in defectiveness after laser irradiation was obtained, which is associated with appearance of C–C bonds with neighboring nanotubes or graphene sheets. CNTs played the role of bridges connecting graphene sheets. Laser-synthesized hybrid nanostructures demonstrated the highest hardness compared to pure nanotubes. Maximum hardness (52.7 GPa) was obtained for MWCNT/rGO topology. Regularity of an increase in electrical conductivity of nanostructures after laser irradiation has been established for films made of all nanomaterials. Hybrid structures of nanotubes and graphene sheets have the highest electrical conductivity compared to networks of pure nanotubes. Maximum electrical conductivity was obtained for MWCNT/rGO hybrid structure (~22.6 kS/m). Networks of nanotubes and CNT/rGO hybrids can be used to form strong electrically conductive interconnections in nanoelectronics, as well as to create components for flexible electronics and bioelectronics, including intelligent wearable devices (IWDs).

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2

Lobiak, Egor V., Lyubov G. Bulusheva, Ekaterina O. Fedorovskaya, et al. "One-step chemical vapor deposition synthesis and supercapacitor performance of nitrogen-doped porous carbon–carbon nanotube hybrids." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 8 (December 12, 2017): 2669–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.8.267.

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Novel nitrogen-doped carbon hybrid materials consisting of multiwalled nanotubes and porous graphitic layers have been produced by chemical vapor deposition over magnesium-oxide-supported metal catalysts. CN x nanotubes were grown on Co/Mo, Ni/Mo, or Fe/Mo alloy nanoparticles, and MgO grains served as a template for the porous carbon. The simultaneous formation of morphologically different carbon structures was due to the slow activation of catalysts for the nanotube growth in a carbon-containing gas environment. An analysis of the obtained products by means of transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy methods revealed that the catalyst's composition influences the nanotube/porous carbon ratio and concentration of incorporated nitrogen. The hybrid materials were tested as electrodes in a 1M H2SO4 electrolyte and the best performance was found for a nitrogen-enriched material produced using the Fe/Mo catalyst. From the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data, it was concluded that the nitrogen doping reduces the resistance at the carbon surface/electrolyte interface and the nanotubes permeating the porous carbon provide fast charge transport in the cell.

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3

Khantimerov, S. M., E. F. Kukovitsky, N. A. Sainov, and N. M. Suleimanov. "Fuel Cell Electrodes Based on Carbon Nanotube/Metallic Nanoparticles Hybrids Formed on Porous Stainless Steel Pellets." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/157098.

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The preparation of carbon nanotube/metallic particle hybrids using pressed porous stainless steel pellets as a substrate is described. The catalytic growth of carbon nanotubes was carried out by CVD on a nickel catalyst obtained by impregnation of pellets with a highly dispersive colloidal solution of nickel acetate tetrahydrate in ethanol. Granular polyethylene was used as the carbon source. Metallic particles were deposited by thermal evaporation of Pt and Ag using pellets with grown carbon nanotubes as a base. The use of such composites as fuel cell electrodes is discussed.

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4

Karachevtsev, M. V., O. S. Lytvyn, S. G. Stepanian, V. S. Leontiev, L. Adamowicz, and V. A. Karachevtsev. "SWNT-DNA and SWNT-polyC Hybrids: AFM Study and Computer Modeling." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 3 (2008): 1473–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.18214.

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Hybrids of carbon single-walled nanotubes (SWNT) with fragmented single or double-stranded DNA (fss- or fds-DNA) or polyC were studied by Atom Force Microscopy (AFM) and computer modeling. It was found that fragments of the polymer wrap in several layers around the nanotube, forming a strand-like spindle. In contrast to the fss-DNA, the fds-DNA also forms compact structures near the tube surface due to the formation of self-assembly structures consisting of a few DNA fragments. The hybrids of SWNT with wrapped single-, double- or triple strands of the biopolymer were simulated, and it was shown that such structures are stable. To explain the reason of multi-layer polymeric coating of the nanotube surface, the energy of the intermolecular interactions between different components of polyC was calculated at the MP2/6-31++G** level as well as the interaction energy in the SWNT-cytosine complex.

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5

Hasobe, Taku, and Hayato Sakai. "Molecular nanoarchitectures composed of porphyrins and carbon nanomaterials for light energy conversion." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 15, no. 05n06 (2011): 301–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424611003318.

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In this review, we report the recent advances in the construction of composite molecular nanoarchitectures of porphyrins and nanoscale carbon materials such carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphenes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) for photoinduced electron transfer and light energy conversion. First, we state novel single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT)-driven aggregation of protonated porphyrins to produce supramolecular assemblies in the form of macroscopic bundles. Then, photoinduced electron transfer in self-assembled single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)/zinc porphyrin (ZnP) hybrids utilizing (7,6)- and (6,5)-enriched SWCNTs having different band gaps is reported. Further, we discuss the structural and photoelectrochemical properties of porphyrin-based molecular assemblies of other carbon materials such as stacked-cup carbon nanotubes (SCCNT), carbon nanohorns (CNH) and graphenes. Finally, novel supramolecular patterning formation composed of triphenylene core-centered porphyrin hexamers for electronics is discussed.

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6

IMANI YENGEJEH, SADEGH, SEYEDEH ALIEH KAZEMI, and ANDREAS ÖCHSNER. "ON THE INFLUENCE OF ATOMIC MODIFICATIONS ON THE STRUCTURAL STABILITY OF CARBON NANOTUBE HYBRIDS: NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 06, no. 06 (2014): 1450077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s175882511450077x.

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Connected carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with parallel longitudinal axes and with bending angles were simulated by a commercial finite element package and their buckling behavior was investigated by performing several computational examinations. In addition, the effect of defects on the structural stability of these heterojunctions was analyzed. For this purpose, two different nanotube hybrids (straight and kink heterojunction) were constructed in their perfect forms. In the second phase, three most likely atomic defects, i.e., impurities (doping with Si atoms), vacant sites (carbon vacancy) and introduced perturbations of the ideal geometry in different amounts to the perfect models, were simulated. To conclude our study, the buckling behavior of imperfect heterojunctions was numerically evaluated and compared with the behavior of the perfect ones. It was concluded that the existence of any type of defects in the configuration of nanotube hybrids leads to a lower critical load and as a result, lower buckling properties. This study provides a better insight into the prediction of straight and kink heterojunction CNTs behavior.

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7

NEOCLEUS, S., S. W. PATTINSON, A. M. MOISALA MOTTA, A. H. WINDLE, and D. EDER. "HIERARCHICAL CARBON NANOTUBE-INORGANIC HYBRID STRUCTURES INVOLVING CNT ARRAYS AND CNT FIBERS." Functional Materials Letters 04, no. 01 (2011): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604711001609.

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Carbon nanotube-inorganic hybrid materials have stimulated a new boost in CNT research as a new class of multifunctional materials with properties distinct from the well-known CNT composites. Synergistic effects based on interfacial charge and heat transfer processes commend these hybrids for use in photocatalysis, gas sensors and in electrochemical devices. A major challenge is the synthesis of hybrids with hierarchical architectures and controlled interfaces. Common wet-chemical techniques have the major drawback that the CNT array typically collapses upon drying due to stresses imposed by the surface tension of the solvent. In this work, we synthesized hierarchical hybrids with coherent 3D architectures using unique CNT fibers, based on the "Cambridge process" as well as vertical arrays of CNTs ("carpets"). We demonstrate that separating the liquid reactants from the CNT array is key to preserving the hybrid's architecture. In addition, we show that the presence of benzyl alcohol as a linking agent is beneficial to maximizing the interfacial area in TiO 2-coated CNT fibers.

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8

Fischer, Christian E., Alexander Raith, János Mink, Gabriele Raudaschl-Sieber, Mirza Cokoja, and Fritz E. Kühn. "Organic–inorganic nanotube hybrids: Organosilica-nanotubes containing ethane, ethylene and acetylene groups." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 696, no. 17 (2011): 2910–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2011.03.031.

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9

Singh, Prabhpreet, Francesca Maria Toma, Jitendra Kumar, et al. "Carbon Nanotube-Nucleobase Hybrids: Nanorings from Uracil-Modified Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes." Chemistry - A European Journal 17, no. 24 (2011): 6772–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201100312.

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10

Choi, Jong Won, Seul Ki Youn, and Hyung Gyu Park. "Carbon Micronymphaea: Graphene on Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes." Journal of Nanomaterials 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/734686.

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This paper describes the morphology of carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene, and their hybrid structure under various operating conditions during a one-step synthesisviaplasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). We focus on the synthetic aspects of carbon hybrid material composed of heteroepitaxially grown graphene on top of a vertical array of carbon nanotubes, called carbon micronymphaea. We characterize the structural features of this unique nanocomposite by uses of electron microscopy and micro-Raman spectroscopy. We observe carbon nanofibers, poorly aligned and well-aligned vertical arrays of CNT sequentially as the growth temperature increases, while we always discover the carbon hybrids, called carbon micronymphaea, at specific cooling rate of 15°C/s, which is optimal for the carbon precipitation from the Ni nanoparticles in this study. We expect one-pot synthesized graphene-on-nanotube hybrid structure poses great potential for applications that demand ultrahigh surface-to-volume ratios with intact graphitic nature and directional electronic and thermal transports.

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11

Madaleno, Liliana, Ryszard Pyrz, Lars R. Jensen, et al. "Synthesis and Characterization of Montmorillonite-Carbon Nanotubes Hybrid Fillers for Nanocomposites." Polymers and Polymer Composites 20, no. 8 (2012): 693–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739111202000804.

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Montmorillonite-carbon nanotubes hybrids were prepared by growth of carbon nanotubes (CNT) on five different types of iron-montmorillonite clays using the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method. Microscopy studies revealed the presence of carbon nanotubes protruding from clay surfaces and linking the clay layers in a network structure. X-ray diffraction results showed changes in the clay interlayer spacing induced by growth of carbon nanotubes within the layers of iron-montmorillonites. The quality of the resulting carbon nanotubes was evaluated by Raman spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analyzes were used to evaluate the amount of carbon nanotubes and its thermal stability. The method used for the preparation of the iron-montmorillonites appeared to be critical for the quality and quantity of carbon nanotubes obtained in each hybrid. In a preliminary study the hybrids were used to reinforce polyurethane nanocomposite foams.

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12

Gómez, I. Jénnifer, Manuel Vázquez Sulleiro, Daniele Mantione, and Nuria Alegret. "Carbon Nanomaterials Embedded in Conductive Polymers: A State of the Art." Polymers 13, no. 5 (2021): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13050745.

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Carbon nanomaterials are at the forefront of the newest technologies of the third millennium, and together with conductive polymers, represent a vast area of indispensable knowledge for developing the devices of tomorrow. This review focusses on the most recent advances in the field of conductive nanotechnology, which combines the properties of carbon nanomaterials with conjugated polymers. Hybrid materials resulting from the embedding of carbon nanotubes, carbon dots and graphene derivatives are taken into consideration and fully explored, with discussion of the most recent literature. An introduction into the three most widely used conductive polymers and a final section about the most recent biological results obtained using carbon nanotube hybrids will complete this overview of these innovative and beyond belief materials.

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13

Monea, Bogdan Florian, Eusebiu Ilarian Ionete, Stefan Ionut Spiridon, Daniela Ion-Ebrasu, and Emil Petre. "Carbon Nanotubes and Carbon Nanotube Structures Used for Temperature Measurement." Sensors 19, no. 11 (2019): 2464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19112464.

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Accurate measurement of temperatures with low power consumption with the highest sensitivity and smallest possible elements is still a challenge. The thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have suggested that their use as a very sensitive sensing element will allow the creation of different sensors, far superior to other devices of similar size. In this paper, we present a short review of different constructive designs of CNTs based resistive sensors used for temperature measurement, available in literature, assembled using different processes, such as self-assembly, drop-casting from a solution, thin films obtained by gluing, printing, spraying, or filtration over a special membrane. As particular cases, temperature sensors obtained from CNT-polymer nanocomposite structures, CNTs filled with uniformly dispersed Fe3O4 nanoparticles or with gallium, and carbon nanotube wires (CNWs) hybrids are presented. Using these preparation procedures, mixtures of CNTs with different dimensions and chirality, as well as with a variable level of impurities and structural defects, can be produced. The sensors’ performance charts are presented, highlighting a number of aspects regarding the applicability of CNT structures for temperature measurement ranging from cryogenic temperatures to high temperatures, the limitations they have, their characteristics and advantages, as well as the special situations that may arise given the particular structure of these new types of materials, together with basic relationships and parameters for CNTs characterization. Further research will be required to develop the techniques of manipulating and depositing individual CNTs on supports and electrodes for the development of temperature sensors.

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14

Ke, Gang. "Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes/Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Hybrid Material." International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications 8, no. 2 (2017): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijcea.2017.8.2.644.

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15

Nishimura, Shunichi, Tomoyuki Tajima, Tatsuki Hasegawa, et al. "Synthesis of a poly(amidoamine) dendrimer having a 1,10-bis(decyloxy)decane core and its use in fabrication of carbon nanotube/calcium carbonate hybrids through biomimetic mineralization." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 95, no. 9 (2017): 935–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2017-0022.

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A new dendritic dispersant of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was synthesized and applied for the noncovalent functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The 1,10-bis(decyloxy)decane core of the poly(amidoamine) dendrimer strongly adhered to the sidewalls of CNTs to form CNT/dendrimer supramolecular nanocomposites having many carboxyl groups (–COOH) on the surface. Then, crystallization of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) by the CO2 diffusion technique in aqueous environments using the CNT/dendrimer supramolecular nanocomposites as scaffolds afforded monodisperse spherical CNT/CaCO3 nanohybrids consisting of CNTs and calcite nanocrystals. The morphologies of the SWCNT/CaCO3 hybrids and MWCNT/CaCO3 hybrids were almost the same.

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16

Zhang, Yan, Yingpan Song, Yao Gan, Miao Feng, and Hongbing Zhan. "Broadband nonlinear optical and optical limiting effects of partially unzipped carbon nanotubes." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 3, no. 38 (2015): 9948–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc02155c.

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Partially unzipped carbon nanotubes can be regarded as CNT–graphene hybrids with a graphene like structure strongly attached to the intact inner walls of the nanotubes. They present a much lower F<sub>th</sub> than graphene oxide nanosheets and carbon nanotubes at both 532 and 1064 nm, indicating a superior broadband optical limiting effect.

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17

Sun, Jing, Shujin Wang, Yinghua Wang, et al. "One Simple Strategy towards Nitrogen and Oxygen Codoped Carbon Nanotube for Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction and Evolution." Catalysts 9, no. 2 (2019): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9020159.

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The development of advanced electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution is of paramount significance to fuel cells, water splitting, and metal-air batteries. Heteroatom-doped carbon materials have exhibited great promise because of their excellent electrical conductivity, abundance, and superior durability. Rationally optimizing active sites of doped carbons can remarkably enhance their electrocatalytic performance. In this study, nitrogen and oxygen codoped carbon nanotubes were readily synthesized from the pyrolysis of polydopamine-carbon nanotube hybrids. Different electron microscopes, Raman spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to survey the morphological and componential properties. The newly-obtained catalyst features high-quality nitrogen and oxygen species, favourable porous structures and excellent electric conductivity, and thus exhibits remarkably bifunctional oxygen electrode activity. This research further helps to advance the knowledge of polydopamine and its potential applications as efficient electrocatalysts to replace noble metals.

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18

Remškar, M., M. Viršek, and A. Mrzel. "The MoS2 nanotube hybrids." Applied Physics Letters 95, no. 13 (2009): 133122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3240892.

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19

Eder, Dominik. "Carbon Nanotube−Inorganic Hybrids." Chemical Reviews 110, no. 3 (2010): 1348–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr800433k.

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20

Minati, L., G. Speranza, I. Bernagozzi, et al. "Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes/Gold Nanoparticles Hybrids for Environmental Applications." Advances in Science and Technology 71 (October 2010): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.71.34.

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Multi-walled carbon nanotubes were chemically cut by acid treatments and then deposited on 2-aminoethanethiol-modified gold substrate by the application of an external electric field. 2-aminoethanethiol-capped gold nanoparticles were then covalently bonded to the nanotubes to exploit their plasmon resonances. Reaction intermediates as well as the final products were analyzed by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The synergetic interaction between carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles leads to an efficient signal enhancement in Raman spectra. This is of particular interest for the detection of toxic molecules dangerous for the environment.

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21

Langa, Fernando, M. José Gómez-Escalonilla, and Pilar de la Cruz. "Carbon nanotubes and porphyrins: an exciting combination for optoelectronic devices." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 11, no. 05 (2007): 348–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424607000394.

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Hybrids between carbon nanotubes and porphyrins, either covalently or non-covalently linked, have been the target of numerous groups with the aim of studying their properties and searching for potential applications. The state of the art in the field of carbon nanotubes and porphyrins is reviewed here.

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22

Freeley, Mark, Rebecca E. A. Gwyther, D. Dafydd Jones, and Matteo Palma. "DNA-Directed Assembly of Carbon Nanotube–Protein Hybrids." Biomolecules 11, no. 7 (2021): 955. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11070955.

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Here, we report the controlled assembly of SWCNT–GFP hybrids employing DNA as a linker. Two distinct, enriched SWCNTs chiralities, (6,5), (7,6), and an unsorted SWCNT solution, were selectively functionalized with DNA and hybridized to a complementary GFPDNA conjugate. Atomic force microscopy images confirmed that GFP attachment occurred predominantly at the terminal ends of the nanotubes, as designed. The electronic coupling of the proteins to the nanotubes was confirmed via in-solution fluorescence spectroscopy, that revealed an increase in the emission intensity of GFP when linked to the CNTs.

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23

Golesorkhie, Farya, and Mani Navi. "Effects of geometric variations on buckling properties of carbon nanostructures: A finite element analysis." Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences 14, no. 1 (2020): 6473–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmes.14.1.2020.22.0507.

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Critical Bucking Load (CBL) is one of the essential parameters to describe the mechanic stabilities of materials, e.g. the low-dimensional carbon nanostructures. While the CBL of pristine carbon nanotubes have been previously investigated using the quantum mechanics-based calculations, the effect of geometrical variation on the CBL of carbon nanomaterials is rarely reported since it need considerably large atomic models, which needs high computational cost. In this study, both the analytical and Finite Element (FE) methods were employed to systematically explore the impact of atomic vacancies, shapes and heterostructures on the CBLs of carbon nanomaterials with the acceptable computational cost. Our studies on the pristine CNTs first demonstrate the validity of the method we used. After that, the systems with mono-/bi-/tri-/pinole-vacancies either on nanocones, nanotube, linearly-joined nanotubes or angle-adjoined were simulated and analyzed. Our results reveal that the CBL values decrease with the increase of the aspect ratio of all considered nanomaterials. Based on the obtained results, the CBL of nanocone with the aspect ratio of 1, reduces significantly, from 50 nN to 10 nN when the aspect ratio is 3. The CBL of homogeneous, capped, and joint CNTs reduces to below 2 nN when the aspect ratio is above 14. The introduction of geometric variations can greatly affect the CBL values. The larger atomic vacancy has more serious impact on the CBLs. The most highlighted impact is for the pinhole vacancy where the CBL reduces to up to 70% of the original value. Our studies on linearly-joint and angle-joint carbon hybrids further demonstrate that the CBL can also be affected by the boundary conditions and joint structures of the hybrids.

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Sun, Jing Zhi, Anjun Qin, and Ben Zhong Tang. "Functional polyacetylenes: hybrids with carbon nanotubes." Polym. Chem. 4, no. 2 (2013): 211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2py20469j.

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25

Yu, Seung-Ho, Xiaohui Guo, Daishun Ling, et al. "Facile synthesis of nanostructured carbon nanotube/iron oxide hybrids for lithium-ion battery anodes." RSC Adv. 4, no. 70 (2014): 37365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra05945j.

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26

Wang, Pin-Ning, Tsung-Han Hsieh, Chin-Lung Chiang, and Ming-Yuan Shen. "Synergetic Effects of Mechanical Properties on Graphene Nanoplatelet and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Hybrids Reinforced Epoxy/Carbon Fiber Composites." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/838032.

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Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are novel nanofillers possessing attractive characteristics, including robust compatibility with most polymers, high absolute strength, and cost effectiveness. In this study, an outstanding synergetic effect on the grapheme nanoplatelets (GNPs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) hybrids were used to reinforce epoxy composite and epoxy/carbon fiber composite laminates to enhance their mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of CNTs/GNPs hybrids on a fixed weight fraction (1 wt%) with mixing different ratio reinforced epoxy nanocomposite, such as ultimate tensile strength and flexure properties, were investigated. The mechanical properties of epoxy/carbon fiber composite laminates containing different proportions of CNTs/GNPs hybrids (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 wt%) were increased over that of neat laminates. Consequently, significant improvement in the mechanical properties was attained for these epoxy resin composites and carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composite laminates.

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Chen, De Liang, and Yoshiyuki Sugahara. "Investigation of Factors Influencing the Formation of Tungstate-Based Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Nanobelts/Nanotubes." Key Engineering Materials 352 (August 2007): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.352.85.

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Tungstate-based inorganic−organic hybrid nanobelts/nanotubes were synthesized in a system of H2W2O7·xH2O/n-octylamine/heptane (n-octylamine:H2W2O7·xH2O molar ratio: 30), and the effects of the volume ratios of heptane to n-octylamine and the amounts of interlayer water in H2W2O7·xH2O on the formation behavior of the hybrids were investigated. The belt/tubelike hybrids obtained were 10–20 +m in length and 200–500 nm in apparent diameter. Large volume ratios of heptane to n-octylamine not only enhanced the degree of the long-range order of the lamellar structures in the hybrids, but they also improved the morphologic uniformity of the hybrids. The existence of interlayer water in H2W2O7·xH2O was indispensable to the formation of tungstate-based inorganic−organic hybrid nanobelts/nanotubes. The amounts of interlayer water in H2W2O7·xH2O varied over a wide range (x, from 0.85 to 4.1), had a neglectable effect on the morphology of the tungstate-based nanophase hybrids, but exerted a remarkable influence on the rate of the reaction of H2W2O7·xH2O with n-octylamine in the heptane solvent. The larger the amount of interlayer water, the more rapid the reaction rate.

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Mansur, H. S., M. M. Pereira, H. S. Costa, and A. A. P. Mansur. "Mechanical Behavior of Nanostructured Hybrids Based on Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Bioactive Glass Reinforced with Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/386236.

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This study reports the synthesis and characterization of novel tridimensional porous hybrids based on PVA combined with bioactive glass and reinforced by chemically functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNT) for potential use in bone tissue engineering. The functionalization of CNT was performed by introducing carboxylic groups in multiwall nanotubes. This process aimed at enhancing the affinity of CNTs with the water-soluble PVA polymer derived by the hydrogen bonds formed among alcohol (PVA) and carboxylic groups (CNT–COOH). In the sequence, the CNT–COOH (0.25 wt%) were used as the nanostructure modifier for the hybrid system based on PVA associated with the bioactive glass (BaG). The mechanical properties of the nanostructured hybrids reinforced with CNT–COOH were evaluated by axial compression tests, and they were compared to reference hybrid. The averaged yield stresses of macroporous hybrids were (2.3 ± 0.9) and (4.4 ± 1.0) MPa for the reference and the CNT reinforced materials, respectively. Moreover, yield strain and Young's modulus were significantly enhanced by about 30% for the CNT–COOH hybrids. Hence, as far as the mechanical properties are concerned, the results have clearly showed the feasibility of utilizing these new hybrids reinforced with functionalized CNT in repairing cancellous bone tissues.

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Yeo, Taehan, Jaeho Lee, Dongjoon Shin, Seonghyun Park, Hayoung Hwang, and Wonjoon Choi. "One-step fabrication of silver nanosphere-wetted carbon nanotube electrodes via electric-field-driven combustion waves for high-performance flexible supercapacitors." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 15 (2019): 9004–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta00992b.

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30

Edwards, Sean L., Ronen Fogel, Kudzai Mtambanengwe, Chamunorwa Togo, Richard Laubscher, and Janice L. Limson. "Metallophthalocyanine/carbon nanotube hybrids: extending applications to microbial fuel cells." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 16, no. 07n08 (2012): 917–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424612501027.

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Pioneering work by Nyokong and others have highlighted the potential benefits for improved electron transfer processes and catalysis of hybrid configurations of metallophthalocyanines with carbon nanotubes. Here we examine the practical application of such hybrid configurations in an Enterobacter cloacae microbial fuel cell. Electrochemical investigations at glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) showed that FePc and FePc :multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) hybrid surface modifications display significant oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalytic properties compared to either MWCNT-modified or bare GCE surfaces throughout acidic- to moderately-alkaline pHs. Significant stabilization of the current response at FePc :MWCNT surfaces are notable throughout the pH range, compared to GCE surfaces modified with FePc alone. Corresponding results were obtained for surface modifications of bare carbon paper (BCP) cathodes in a microbial fuel cell where power density increases were observed in the order: Pt > FePc :MWCNT > FePc > MWCNT > BCP. A synergistic combination of simple treatments such as increased ionic strength (300 mM NaCl ), temperature (35 °C), and agitation of the anode chamber in this MFC configuration increased the power density to 2.5 times greater than that achieved at platinised cathode configurations under non-optimised conditions, achieving peak power densities of 212 mW.m-2. The long-term stability of the MFC was assessed over 55 days. Surprisingly, the majority of signal loss over extended MFC operation was attributed, in this study, to fouling of the Nafion® PEM membrane rather than either leaching/fouling of the catalysts from the electrodes or nutrient depletion in the anode over the time periods examined.

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Liu, Yuyang, Ronghua Wang, Wei Chen, et al. "Kabob-like Carbon Nanotube Hybrids." Chemistry Letters 35, no. 2 (2006): 200–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.2006.200.

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32

Mello, Filipe L. S., Lídia O. O. Costa, Eduardo Padrón Hernández, Andréa M. Duarte Farias, and Marco A. Fraga. "Platinum–Vanadium Oxide Nanotube Hybrids." Nanoscale Research Letters 5, no. 6 (2010): 1002–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11671-010-9596-z.

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33

Madaleno, Liliana, Ryszard Pyrz, Lars R. Jensen, et al. "Synthesis of clay–carbon nanotube hybrids: Growth of carbon nanotubes in different types of iron modified montmorillonite." Composites Science and Technology 72, no. 3 (2012): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2011.11.027.

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34

Yang, Wenxiu, Yelong Zhang, Xiangjian Liu, Lulu Chen, and Jianbo Jia. "In situ formed Fe–N doped metal organic framework@carbon nanotubes/graphene hybrids for a rechargeable Zn–air battery." Chemical Communications 53, no. 96 (2017): 12934–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cc08008e.

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35

Rizzo, C., R. Arrigo, F. D'Anna, et al. "Hybrid supramolecular gels of Fmoc-F/halloysite nanotubes: systems for sustained release of camptothecin." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 5, no. 17 (2017): 3217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tb00297a.

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Novel supramolecular gel hybrids were prepared by self-assembly of Fmoc-l-phenylalanine in the presence of functionalized halloysite nanotubes and employed as carriers for the delivery of camptothecin molecules.

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36

Permyakova, Elizaveta S., Darya S. Novopashina, Alya G. Venyaminova, and Evgeny K. Apartsin. "Non-covalent anchoring of oligonucleotides on single-walled carbon nanotubes via short bioreducible linker." RSC Advances 7, no. 46 (2017): 29212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra04933a.

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This paper describes a simple approach to obtain hybrids of single-walled carbon nanotubes with therapeutically relevant oligonucleotides that are able to be released upon glutathione treatment at physiological concentrations.

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37

Saikia, Nabanita, Mohamed Taha, and Ravindra Pandey. "Molecular insights on the dynamic stability of peptide nucleic acid functionalized carbon and boron nitride nanotubes." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 23, no. 1 (2021): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cp05759b.

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The rational design of self-assembled nanobio-molecular hybrids of peptide nucleic acids with single-wall nanotubes rely on understanding how biomolecules recognize and mediate intermolecular interactions with the nanomaterial's surface.

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38

CHEN, C. S., X. D. XIE, G. J. ZHAO, et al. "GRAPHENE/MULTI-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBE COMPOSITE AS AN EFFECTIVE SUPPORTS TO ENHANCE THE PHOTOCATALYTIC PROPERTY OF Cu-DOPED ZnO NANOPARTICLES." Functional Materials Letters 06, no. 06 (2013): 1350062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604713500628.

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In this paper, graphene/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (GM) hybrid nanostructure was synthesized by modifying GR using salicylamide. Cu -doped ZnO nanoparticles were successfully decorated on GR/MWNTs hybrids (GM). Their photocatalytic performance for the degradation of methyl orange (MO) was investigated and the results showed that the synthetic GM/ Cu -doped ZnO hybrids exhibited better photocatalytic ability than MWNTs/ Cu -doped ZnO and GR/ Cu -doped ZnO hybrids, in which the degraded rate for 20 mg/L MO solution reaches about 100% in 45 min.

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39

Boncel, Sławomir, Anna Pluta, Magdalena Skonieczna, et al. "Hybrids of Iron-Filled Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes and Anticancer Agents as Potential Magnetic Drug Delivery Systems: In Vitro Studies against Human Melanoma, Colon Carcinoma, and Colon Adenocarcinoma." Journal of Nanomaterials 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1262309.

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Cell type, morphology, and functioning are key variables in the construction of efficient “drug-vehicle” hybrids in magnetic drug delivery. Iron-encapsulated multiwall carbon nanotubes (Fe@MWCNTs) appear as promising candidates for theranostics due to in situ chemical catalytic vapor deposition (c-CVD) synthesis, straightforward organic functionalization, and nanoneedle (1D) behavior. Here, model hybrids were synthesized by exploring C-sp2 chemistry ((1+2)-cycloaddition of nitrenes and amidation) of the outer MWCNT walls combined with anticancer agents, that is, 5-fluorouracil (5FU), purpurin (Purp), and 1,8-naphthalimide DNA intercalators (NIDIs), via linkers. Analyses of the Fe@MWCNT vehicles by SEM, TEM, and Raman spectroscopy revealed their morphology while Mössbauer spectroscopy confirmed the presence of encapsulated ferromagnetic iron-based nanodomains. Cytotoxicity of the hybrids was studied using a 24 h MTS assay combined with the apoptosis and life cycle assays against human melanoma (Me45), colon carcinoma (HCT116+), and colon adenocarcinoma (Caco-2). The cells had different sensitivity to the vehicles themselves as well as to the hybrids. MWCNT-based covalent hybrids of 5FU and Purp emerged as the most promising systems against Me45 and HCT116+ cell lines with the highest in vitro cytotoxicity and proapoptotic activity. Furthermore, nanotubes bearing 4-nitro- and 4-(N-morpholinyl)-1,8-naphthalimide DNA intercalators appear as a promising candidate for the treatment of Caco-2.

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Chehel Amirani, Morteza, and Tian Tang. "Electrostatics of DNA nucleotide–carbon nanotube hybrids evaluated from QM:MM simulations." Nanoscale 7, no. 46 (2015): 19586–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nr03665h.

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ZHENG, YA-PING, WEI CHEN, FEI WU, GUO-BIN ZHENG, YA-HONG XU, and TAO ZHANG. "MAGNETIC ALIGNMENT OF THE Fe3O4-COATED CARBON NANOTUBES HYBRIDS IN EPOXY NANOCOMPOSITES." Functional Materials Letters 06, no. 04 (2013): 1350045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604713500458.

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Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), which were coated with magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles, were cured and aligned in epoxy resin under magnetic field. They were aligned end-to-up under 0.6 T magnetic field. When the Fe 3 O 4-MWNTs hybrids content was 0.3%, the electric conductivity were 4.2 S/cm. Frequency and Fe 3 O 4-MWNTs hybrids content are the key roles for electric conductivity.

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42

Pawar, Rajendra C., Suhee Kang, Sung Hoon Ahn, and Caroline Sunyong Lee. "Gold nanoparticle modified graphitic carbon nitride/multi-walled carbon nanotube (g-C3N4/CNTs/Au) hybrid photocatalysts for effective water splitting and degradation." RSC Advances 5, no. 31 (2015): 24281–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra15560b.

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Highly stable plasmonic potocatalysts based on Au, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) hybrids for effective degradation of organic pollutant and photoelectrchemical (PEC) water splitting.

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Wang, Zhipeng, Hironori Ogata, Shingo Morimoto, et al. "Nanocarbons from rice husk by microwave plasma irradiation: From graphene and carbon nanotubes to graphenated carbon nanotube hybrids." Carbon 94 (November 2015): 479–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2015.07.037.

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44

Bayazit, Mustafa K., Stephen A. Hodge, Adam J. Clancy, Robert Menzel, Shu Chen, and Milo S. P. Shaffer. "Carbon nanotube anions for the preparation of gold nanoparticle–nanocarbon hybrids." Chemical Communications 52, no. 9 (2016): 1934–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc08726k.

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45

Wan, Le, Cong Deng, Ze-Yong Zhao, Hai-Bo Zhao, and Yu-Zhong Wang. "A titanium dioxide–carbon nanotube hybrid to simultaneously achieve the mechanical enhancement of natural rubber and its stability under extreme frictional conditions." Materials Advances 2, no. 7 (2021): 2408–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ma00823k.

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46

Chen, Zilin, Tian Lv, Yao Yao, et al. "Three-dimensional seamless graphene/carbon nanotube hybrids for multifunctional energy storage." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 43 (2019): 24792–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta10073c.

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A simple solution method is adopted to coat catalyst precursor on graphene (G) layer for growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Based on the obtained seamless G/CNT hybrids, photo-enhanced, flexible and stretchable energy storage devices are developed.

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47

Zhang, Yanli, Yan Wang, Junrong Yu, Lei Chen, Jing Zhu, and Zuming Hu. "Polybenzimidazole assisted fabrication of multiwalled carbon nanotube buckypapers and their silver nanoparticle hybrids." RSC Adv. 4, no. 68 (2014): 35904–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra06445c.

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48

Bourlinos, Athanasios B., Vasilios Georgakilas, Aristides Bakandritsos, Antonios Kouloumpis, Dimitrios Gournis, and Radek Zboril. "Aqueous-dispersible fullerol-carbon nanotube hybrids." Materials Letters 82 (September 2012): 48–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2012.05.026.

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49

Zhou, Xinjian, Jose M. Moran-Mirabal, Harold G. Craighead, and Paul L. McEuen. "Supported lipid bilayer/carbon nanotube hybrids." Nature Nanotechnology 2, no. 3 (2007): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2007.34.

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Li, T. S., M. F. Lin, and S. C. Chang. "Quantum conductance in nanotube-ribbon hybrids." Journal of Applied Physics 107, no. 6 (2010): 063714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3357107.

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