Relevant bibliographies by topics / Napkins

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Napkins'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Napkins"

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KARA, SUKRAN. "Effects of wetting and compression/recovering time on the compressionalbehaviour of sanitary napkin layers." Industria Textila 72, no. 04 (September 1, 2021): 368–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.072.04.1795.

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Sanitary napkins are technical textile products which are used by women. They are designed as layered structures to fulfil several end–use properties at the same time. One of the most important properties of sanitary napkins is absorption property and this is widely studied in the literature. On the other hand, formability and sensorial comfort of sanitary napkins are of great importance but they are ignored during scientific researches. During daily life, women sit or sleep for certain time intervals and their sanitary napkins are exposed to compressional forces. If the sanitary napkin will squeeze and not recover, this can result with poor sensorial comfort and low formability. Also, wetting of sanitary napkins during usage can worsen the compressional properties. Therefore in this study, effect of wetting and compression/recovering time on the compressional behaviours of sanitary napkins was evaluated. Study was focused on separate sanitary napkin layers in order to detect the most problematic layers. Two compression times and four recovering times were applied to samples for compression tests. Also, sanitary napkin layers were characterised by scanning electron microscopy, unit mass, thickness and bending measurements. According to results, top sheet layer was the most compressible layer in dry and wet states. This is expected to give a soft and resilience sense to the sanitary napkin. Absorbent layer was responsible for low compressibility of sanitary napkins under different compression/recovering times. Bending rigidity of absorbent layer was the highest in dry state but it exhibited a dramatic decrement after wetting
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Tendulkar, Mamata, Sushama Ambadekar, and K. J. Somaiya. "Profiling of Sanitary Napkin Materials for Effective Menstrual Waste Management." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 12, no. 10 (October 10, 2023): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2023.1210.004.

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Menstruation plays a crucial role in health and reproductive cycles of females. However, Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) poses significant challenges to many developing emerged in women's menstrual health and the environmental factors that influence it. This report represents the profiling of materials used during manufacturing of sanitary napkins to optimized practices required to manage and dispose menstrual waste effectively. Methodology: Various sanitary napkin brands were chosen based on popularity, affordability, and biodegradability. The selected brands were tested in accordance with the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) guidelines, using optimized procedures recommended by the textile committee. Around twenty-eight (n=28) napkins were tested for the same. Result: - The materials used for the top sheet, core absorbent material, and bottom sheet of each napkin were examined. Out of the 27 napkins tested, 12 napkins (35.71%) had natural fibre top sheets, 26 napkins (92.85%) had natural fiber absorbent materials, and all 27 napkins (100%) had synthetic bottoms. Conclusion: The majority of commonly used sanitary napkins are made of synthetic materials, and their absorbent gel components are not biodegradable. It is essential to explore alternative solutions for effectively managing this waste and promoting sustainable menstrual hygiene practices.
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Singh, Pratibha. "Exploration of Various Issues Associated with Sustainable use of Sanitary Napkins." Journal of Applied Science and Education (JASE) 3, no. 1 (2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.54060/jase.v3i1.26.

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Sanitary napkins are layered designs, as they need to satisfy different end-use properties simultaneously. The most common issues with current napkins include leakage, odor, and the need for frequent change. To address these problems, a comprehensive survey was conducted among 500 women residing in two selected villages within the study area. The survey covered women's expectations of sanitary napkins, their perceptions of these products, performance characteristics, and the challenges encountered with existing sanitary napkins. In the initial segments of the overview, the expectations from sanitary napkins, perception of sanitary napkins, performance characteristics and the problems in current sanitary napkins were addressed. The findings indicated that women prioritize absorption properties such as leak-proofing and dryness, as well as an odorless and soft surface. The most desirable functional characteristic was antibacterial activity. There were notable differences in the expectations, selection factors, and issues reported by women across different age groups. The collected data was used to design a cost-effective sanitary napkin made up of more than 80% biodegradable materials, promoting sustainability in the production of sanitary napkins.
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Shaikh, Zakirhusain, Meely Panda, and Diksha Gaur. "Acceptability of low-priced, socially-marketed sanitary napkins amongst non-users of sanitary napkins in a slum population of Delhi." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 4 (March 27, 2019): 1754. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20191417.

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Background: Access to menstrual hygiene resources is a basic human and healthcare right. A substantial number of women in rural areas and urban slums do not use sanitary napkins due to its prohibitive cost and difficult access, leading to consequences like infections and the subsequent morbidity, school absenteeism and decreased social participation. The study explored the reasons for non-usage of sanitary napkins in an urban slum of Delhi. It was further studied if there would be a high acceptance if low-cost product was made available at health-centre.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done to assess the magnitude and reasons for not using sanitary napkins and acceptability of low-priced sanitary napkins provided through RHTC.Results: Most women (47%) do not use sanitary napkins because its price was perceived as high as against the benefit that can be accrued. Difficult in access to product purchase was the second important reason for non-usage. A low-priced sanitary napkin provided through RHTC was an acceptable solution to them.Conclusions: Increasing the accessibility of affordable sanitary napkins through health centers can increase in usage of sanitary napkins.
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Daulay, Anny Sartika, Minda Sari Lubis, and M. Teguh Sandika. "PENETAPAN KADAR KLORIN PADA BEBERAPA MERK PEMBALUT WANITA YANG ADA DI PASARAN DENGAN METODE IODOMETRI." JURNAL FARMANESIA 4, no. 2 (December 25, 2017): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.51544/jf.v4i2.2706.

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Sanitary napkin is a device product used by women during menstruation, sanitary napkins function to absorb blood from the vagina so that the blood that comes out does not interfere. Currently, there are many problems that arise in sanitary napkins, due to the presence of chlorine additives which function as an ingredient in the initial bleaching process of sanitary napkins. The purpose of this study was to identify the color reaction test, and to determine the chlorine content by iodometry method in sanitary napkins on the market. This research is an experimental study using a sample of sanitary napkins on the market. Sampling by random sampling (random). Determination of chlorine in sanitary napkins by testing qualitatively with a color reaction and quantitatively using the iodometric method.Based on the results of the study, it was found that of the 5 (five) samples used, 3 (three) positive samples contained chlorine, namely samples A, B and sample C. The chlorine content obtained in sample A was 0.0035%, sample B was 0.0014 % and sample C is 0.0027%. According to YLKI, the normal threshold for the use of chlorine in sanitary napkins is 5-55 ppm, so the samples tested still meet the stipulated conditions.
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Jaisar, Sachin, and Saurabh Agrawal. "Suitable Selection of Napkins in Hotel Industry for Sustainable Development." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 7, no. 3 (2019): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.731912.

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This paper deals with the greenhouse gases (GHG) estimated emission from the napkins used in a hotel industry along with the selection of transportation mode vehicle (diesel or petrol vehicle). This study helps us to find whether a reusable or disposable napkin should be used to make a lesser GHG impact on environment. In the present scenario, most hotels are using paper napkins because they are light weighted, cheap and hygienic. The fact, that the relevant data is scattered, and is not available in literature and databases, compelled the data, to be acquired from various sources like journal articles and online blogs with few assumptions. Some critical data that has been collected is mainly from U.S and may vary when applied in India. A hypothetical assumption is used to derive the final conclusion. Cost is calculated for both the napkins associated with their mode of transportation per year. Finally, this paper suggests that reusable napkins should be used to deplete the rate of GHG emission.
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Puspita, Ayu, Septian Mugi Rahayu, and Amelia Excoelsa. "Hubungan Pengetahuan Siswi dengan Minat dalam Pemilihan Pembalut Kain." Jurnal Surya Medika 7, no. 1 (August 30, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/jsm.v7i1.2629.

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Sanitary napkins during menstruation are the main requirement. According to research, disposable sanitary napkins currently used are carcinogenic and contain harmful substances that can cause dangerous diseases for the reproductive organs. The general objective of this study was to determine the relationship between student knowledge and interest in the selection of cloth sanitary napkins. The design of this study used a literature review design. Articles are collected using search engines such as EBSCO, Sciencedirect, Proquest, and Google Scholar. The criteria for the articles used were those published in 2019 and 2020. Based on the articles collected, it was found that there was a relationship between knowledge and interest. According to the researchers, this happened because these three studies had the same subject characteristics. The research respondents were women who had experienced menstruation and the similarity of research in choosing the right and safe, sanitary napkins for women's reproductive health. A woman is expected to be able to choose the right sanitary napkin. Mistakes in choosing pads can result in skin irritation, allergies, skin diseases, and infections. The choice of sanitary napkins is also adjusted to the activities a woman will do.
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Sinha, Smita. "Adolescent Health-Tackling Menstrual Hygiene Issue through Social Marketing of Sanitary Napkins Scheme: An Evaluation Study from Haryana." Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research 47, no. 3 (2013): 127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1069.

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ABSTRACT Background and objectives Menstrual hygiene is far from satisfactory among a large proportion of Indian women. To overcome the barriers for using sanitary napkins among rural women in Haryana, a social marketing scheme was launched. As the program is in nascent stage of implementation the factors influencing it need to be evaluated. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the stakeholder's perspectives and factors influencing this scheme. Materials and methods We carried out a qualitative study during April’ 2011 in Lalpur, Naraingarh, Ambala, Northern India. The experience and opinion of rural girls, women, ANM, ASHA and Sakshar Mahila Samooh (SMS) members were elicited during 10 in-depth interviews and four FGDs. Results Majority of women were motivated to use sanitary napkins. They perceived that use of sanitary napkin was beneficial for them. The grass root workers involved in production work of sanitary napkins were disappointed with irregular flow of funds. The other stakeholders in the community were not actively involved in the implementation of this scheme. Conclusion To conclude, there is a huge marketing potential of low cost sanitary napkins in this rural area of Haryana. The program needs to actively involve various stakeholders and to ensure regular flow of fund. How to cite this article Sinha S, Singh A. Adolescent Health-Tackling Menstrual Hygiene Issue through Social Marketing of Sanitary Napkins Scheme: An Evaluation study from Haryana J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2013;47(3):127-130.
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CULFA, Gizem, Esin SARIOĞLU, Mehmet DAŞDEMİR, Ebru ÇELİKTEN, and Tülin KAYA NACARKAHYA. "INVESTIGATION OF FLUID DISTRIBUTION AND REWET PERFORMANCE WITH THE USE OF DIFFERENT INNER LAYER DESIGN AND TOP SHEETS IN SANITARY NAPKINS." Tekstil ve Mühendis 29, no. 128 (December 30, 2022): 301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7216/teksmuh.1222535.

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Disposable hygienic products are classified as technical textile products and are used intensively in the field of medical textiles. As a hygienic textile product, a sanitary napkin consists of a top sheet, an inner layer (Acquisition Distribution Layer (ADL) and a core of Pulp/Superabsorbent mixture), and a back sheet. Nonwovens are commonly used in the production of these components. The most important factors to consider in new product design are rapid absorption of menstrual fluid, comfort, and also price. In this context, although there is a cost restriction on sanitary napkins, it is clear that the use of different new raw materials and methods will improve their performance characteristics. In this study, a new designed airlaid composite nonwoven combined with synthetic fiber and wood pulp was used as the inner layer of a sanitary napkin without the core. In addition, four different top sheet types were used in the sanitary napkin design. Liquid strike through time, rewet, and menstrual fluid diffusion of the samples were determined, to compare the performance of sanitary napkins with core and without the core. It was concluded that the inner layer design has a significant effect on the liquid strike through time and menstrual fluid diffusion properties. It has been revealed that the menstrual fluid diffusion value of airlaid composite nonwoven sanitary napkins is higher than the ADL+core inner layer. In addition, it was concluded that the top sheet type did not have a statistically significant effect on liquid strike through and rewet properties.
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Devianti, Vika Ayu, and Cicik Herlina Yulianti. "Identifikasi dan Penetapan Kadar Klorin Dalam Pembalut Wanita yang Beredar di Kelurahan Ketintang dengan Metode Titrasi Iodimetri." Journal of Pharmacy and Science 3, no. 1 (January 7, 2018): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.53342/pharmasci.v3i1.67.

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ABSTRAKPembalut wanita adalah produk yang berbentuk lembaran/pad terbuat dari bahan selulosa/sintetik yang digunakan untuk menyerap cairan menstruasi atau cairan dari vagina, namun terdapat pembalut yang menggunakan bubur kertas dalam proses pembuatannya. Bubur kertas merupakan hasil limbah kertas, karton dan kardus melalui proses daur ulang yang mengalami proses pemutihan menggunakan klorin (Cl2). Pembalut yang mengandung klorin beresiko tinggi terhadap kesehatan reproduksi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menentukan kadar klorin pada beberapa merk pembalut wanita yang beredar di Kelurahan Ketintang, Kota Surabaya menggunakan metode titrasi iodimetri. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental. Sampel penelitian adalah 5 (lima) pembalut wanita lalu diuji di laboratorium Kimia Akademi Farmasi Surabaya dengan metode Titrasi Iodimetri. Hasil uji kualitatif dari 5 sampel hanya terdapat 1 sampel yang positif mengandung klorin. Sampel yang positif dilanjutkan dengan uji kuantitatif dan diperoleh kadar klorin sebesar 0,37 ppm.Kata kunci: Pembalut, Klorin, Titrasi IodimetriABSTRACTThe sanitary napkin is made from pulp as its main ingredient, which in the production process using bleach pads, one of which is chlorine. Chlorine is high chemical which has a high oxide potential that can be used as a bleaching agent and disinfectant (eliminating germ). Chlorine in sanitary napkins is at high risk for reproductive health. This research was conducted to analyze and determine chlorine level in sanitary napkin with color reaction test and iodometry titration method. According to the minister of Health RI Regulation No. 492 / MENKES / PER / IV / 2010 regarding drinking water quality requirement that is maximum drinking water chlorine 5 ppm. The result of this study indicate that there is a sanitary napkins containing chlorine with a content of 0,37 ppm. As a result, indicate that chlorine levels in sanitary napkins are below the safe limits of the allowed chlorine content in drinking water quality requirement.Key Words: Sanitary Napkins, Chlorine, Iodimetry Titration.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Napkins"

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Tolley, Rebecca. "Alaskan Pipeline, Feminist Art, Hairstyles, Ms. Magazine, Sanitary Napkins with Adhesive Strips." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2005. https://www.amzn.com/1587652293.

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Book Summary:Watergate, the Vietnam War, the environmental movement, the energy crisis, the women's movement, disco. The Seventies in America brings this controversial decade to life by examining these topics and many more. This encyclopedia appears at a time when many people are reevaluating the 1970's, realizing that it was not a superficial, throwaway era but actually a time of dynamic political, social, and cultural change. The Seventies in America is also a much-needed source of reliable information for today's students, all of whom were born after the decade ended.
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Kilegran, Linnea. "Method development for producing napkins and femcare absorbent cores by using an airlaid former." Thesis, KTH, Fiber- och polymerteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-289152.

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Fluffmassa är ett förnybart material bestående av cellulosafiber som utvinns under massakokning. Dessa fiber används för att tillverka olika absorberande produkter som till exempel servetter. Fluffmassa används även för att tillverka absorptionskärnor i damhygienprodukter, inkontinensprodukter och blöjor. Vissa av dessa absorptionskärnor (speciellt i ultratunna bindor) tillverkas med airlaid. Airlaid är en tillverkingsteknik som ger fiberstrukturer med slumpmässig orientering genom att applicera ett undertryck.  Syftet med detta examensarbete var att utveckla metoder för att tillverka servetter och absorptionskärnor till damhygienprodukter i laboratoriemiljö genom att använda en airlaid maskin i laboratorieskala. Detta utfördes genom att analysera viktiga egenskaper som exempelvis ytvikt, tjocklek, densitet, böjlängd och förmågan att absorbera vätska i kommersiella servetter och absorptionskärnor inom damhygien. Även dragprov och SEM-analys utfördes. Resultatet från dessa analyser användes som ett riktvärde under metodutvecklingen.  Två metoder utvecklades - en för att tillverka en servettstruktur och en för att tillverka en absorptionskärna för damhygien. De olika tillverkningsstegen inkluderar defibrering, formering, pressning, prägling, latexsprayning samt härdning. Båda strukturerna tillverkades, och dess egenskaper analyserades och jämfördes med de kommersiella produkterna. Analyserna visade att de utvecklade metoderna genererade struktuer vars ytvikt stämde väl överrens med de kommersialla produkterna. Strukturerna var dock tjockare och hade en lägre densitet än de kommmersiella produkterna. Den minskade densiteten påverkade förmodligen resultatet från de andra analyserna som utfördes i detta projekt. Servettstrukturen hade en lägre böjlängd än de kommersiella servetterna och damhygienstrukturen hade bättre absorption än de kommersiella produkterna.  Båda strukturerna hade en ytfinish som överensstämmde väl med de kommersiella produkterna. Dock visade SEM-analysen att latex saknades i mitten av de båda tillverkade strukturerna.
Fluff pulp is a renewable material consisting of pure cellulose fibers which are obtained during pulping. These fibers are commonly used to form Airlaid-nonwoven products such as napkins and wipes. Fluff pulp is also used in absorbent cores in femcare products, incontinence products and diapers. Some of these absorbent core structures (especially in ultrathin pads) are produced through airlaid. Airlaid is a manufacturing technique which forms a randomly oriented fiber structure by using an applied suction.  This degree project aimed at developing methods for producing napkins and femcare absorbent cores on a laboratory scale by using an airlaid former. Important properties such as grammage, thickness, density, bending length and absorption capacity were therefore measured on commercial napkins and femcare absorbent cores. Other analyses which were performed include tensile testing and SEM. Findings from these analyses were then used as a target reference during the method development.  Two methods were developed; one for producing a napkin structure and one for producing a femcare absorbent core structure. The different manufacturing steps included fiber defiberization, sample formation, pressing, embossing, latex spraying and curing. Napkin structures and femcare absorbent core structures were produced by using the developed methods, and their properties were analyzed and compared with the commercial products.  Analysis showed that the developed methods generated structures with grammages that corresponded well with the grammages in the commercial products. However, both developed structures were thicker and had lower density than the commercial products. This decreased density probably influenced the results in other analyses performed in this project. The developed napkin structure had a shorter bending length compared to the commercial napkins and the developed femcare structure had a better absorption capacity compared to the commercial femcare absorbent cores. Both developed structures obtained nice surface finish which corresponded well with the surface finish in the commercial products. However, SEM analysis indicated that no latex managed to reach the center in the developed structures.
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Marlow, Gregory. "Week 11, Video 03: Napkin." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/digital-animation-videos-oer/72.

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Gupta, Anika. "Design of an absorbent and comfortable sanitary napkin for applications in developing countries." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/89967.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. "June 2014."
Includes bibliographical references (pages 38-39).
Menstrual hygiene is an often-ignored problem in international development: lack of access to sanitation keeps women out of schools and the labor force. Sanitary napkin solutions to this issue normally focus on supply chain and manufacturing. This study aims to look at solutions from a materials perspective, assessing available materials for the properties needed for a good napkin, and reviewing the literature for comparison between these and other materials. Tests for absorption, comfort, durability, and drying time are measured on materials ranging from foam to traditional cottons both individually and in combination. These tests include microscopy observations, retention and wicking rate, tensile resistance, stiffness, and roughness. Though no single design emerges as the most effective for this application, clear differences emerge across materials that narrow down the options for optimal design. This information, in conjunction with user testing, can be used to inform local designs for sanitary napkins across borders.
by Anika Gupta.
S.B.
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Li, Joshua. "Market research on China's feminine napkin topsheet market and how should Tredegar decide its market strategy." Thesis, University of Macau, 2000. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636660.

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Grohs, Joshua Walter. "Comparing In Situ and Bulk Constitutive Properties of a Structural Adhesive." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34403.

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In the continuing quest for more efficient designs, structural adhesives are being used in place of, or with, traditional fastening methods; however designing with adhesives is refined as traditional methods. To obtain the adhesive design properties, tests are often performed on bulk tensile and bonded shear specimens. Questions remain about the relationship between properties obtained from in situ adhesive joints and bulk adhesive specimens. As a result, an experimental plan was developed which characterized both the linear and nonlinear region of bulk and in situ adhesive performance of a two-part acrylic adhesive from Dow Chemical Company. A standard uniaxial tensile test was used for the bulk normal, while an Iosipescu shear test was used to characterize the bulk shear performance. In situ testing was performed on a napkin-ring specimen loaded in both tension and torsion. Stress-strain relationships in both shear and normal were developed and bulk and in situ adhesive performance was compared. Observations from testing were:
  1. Bulk shear and in situ shear tests showed similar performance in both the linear and nonlinear regions.
  2. Modulus of elasticity in bulk adhesive tests was similar to the effective modulus of elasticity in in situ tests.
  3. Prediction of normal yield strengths of the in situ adhesive through simple failure theory models proved to be inaccurate. Stress singularities, loading imperfections, and potentially a hydrostatic sensitivity were considered possible explanations.
  4. Adhesive showed sensitivity to voiding and surface flaws when loaded in a tensile configuration, refinement of specimen fabrication minimized these effects.

Master of Science
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Gonzales, Meza Sarah Alessandra. "El empoderamiento de la mujer en discursos publicitarios con respecto al tabú menstrual." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653268.

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El tema desarrollado en esta investigación se centra en la relevancia que ha tenido hablar de empoderamiento de la mujer en productos de higiene femenina y su relevancia en la percepción del tabú menstrual dentro de un público de mujeres adolescentes entre los 15 a 20 años de Lima que empiezan a descubrir e interactuar por primera vez con este ciclo natural. El caso que se tomó para esta investigación es de la campaña “El Rojo No Me Sonroja” de la marca de toallas higiénicas Nosotras en Perú. La importancia que tiene la presente tesis se da en los distintos aportes que ofrece al mercado publicitario, al sector académico y al contexto actual caracterizado por el empoderamiento femenino. En primer lugar, dentro del mercado de la publicidad permite tener nuevos enfoques en relación a la responsabilidad social que es a lo que apuntan las marcas de hoy en día al tener a un consumidor más preocupado por su contexto social. En segundo lugar, dentro del sector académico, su relevancia se enfoca en debatir más este tema y enriquecer el punto de vista existente por parte de otras investigaciones que tienen una postura de crítica con respecto a cómo ciertas marcas comunican el empoderamiento de la mujer en relación a productos de higiene femenina. En tercer lugar, tiene importancia para el contexto actual el cual se caracteriza por una ideología feminista que bus ca empoderar a la mujer en los diferentes ámbitos de su vida. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la percepción de tabúes menstruales de las mujeres frente a discursos de empoderamiento. Nuestro hallazgo principal es que existe una incongruencia entre lo que las marcas tratan de comunicar como empoderamiento al hablar de la menstruación con las consecuencias que genera. En este caso, las marcas de toallas higiénicas dicen a sus consumidoras que se sentirán empoderadas siempre y cuando usen sus productos, creando prejuicios como que la sangre menstrual es sucia, poco higiénica y vuelve débil a la mujer.
The theme developed in this research focuses on the relevance of talking about the empowerment of women in feminine hygiene products and its relevance in the perception of the menstrual taboo within in an audience of adolescent women between the ages of 15 and 20 from Lima who they begin to discover and interact with this natural cycle for the first time. The case chose for this investigation is the campaign “El Rojo No Me Sonroja” of the sanitary pads brand Nosotras in Peru. The importance of this investigation is related to the different contributions it offers to the advertising market, the academic sector and the current context characterized by female empowerment. In the first place, within the advertising market it allows new approaches in relation to social responsibility, which is what today’s brands are aiming at by having a consumer more concerned about their social context. Second, within the academic sector, which relevance is focused on further debating this issue and enriching the existing point of view by other research that has a critical stance regarding how certain brands communicate the empowerment of women in relation to feminine hygiene products. Third, it is important for the current context, which is characterized by a feminist ideology that looks to empower women in the different areas of their lives. The objective of this research was determine the perception of menstrual taboos by women in the face of empowerment discourses. Our main finding is the incongruity between whats brands try to communicate as empowerment when talking about menstruation with the consequences it generates. In this case, the brands of sanitary pads tell their consumer that they’ll feel empowered as long as they use their products, creating prejudices such as that menstrual blood is dirty, unhygienic and makes women weak.
Trabajo de investigación
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Sung, Yu-Chen, and 宋雨真. "The Sanitary Napkins' Using Experience and Perception Excite the Users' Emotion and Behavior." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35932902645663593665.

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碩士
國立高雄師範大學
工業設計學系
102
The research purpose is to explore how the experience and perception of using sanitary napkins influences the user emotion and behavior. First of all, due to the preliminary analysis of the relevant literature and pre-interview survey to discover the emotions and demands of customer who were using the product. And then discuss the experiences, perception and emotions of using sanitary napkins. We use the MR model to construct the user experience for sanitary napkins and cognitive factors triggered by emotions (pleasure, arousal and dominance) relations with behavioral reactions. And use the LISREL statistical software to analyze data to verify the structural equation model and MR model. The results of this research are: 1. "Packaging" and "Formative Design" of sanitary napkins affect "Pleasure ". 2. "Formative Design" affects "Dominant." 3. "Pleasure" and "Dominant" affect the "Purchase Behavior." Expecting that through the results of this research, the designers of sanitary napkin products in the further will improve this product and enhance user satisfaction, make female consumers have a better experience.
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CHEN, TZU-NI, and 陳孜倪. "The Effect of Brand Confusion on Consumers' Decision: A Case of Sanitary Napkins Product." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47641138559466111301.

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碩士
銘傳大學
新媒體暨傳播管理學系碩士班
105
Brand confusion is a common phenomenon in market nowadays. Consumers may have impact on brand identity with brand confusion or product involvement. Further, it may effect consumers’ decision. The purpose of this study is to explore whether or not consumers experience product involvement on sanitary pad products available in the market and the impact of brand confusion on brand identification, as well as exploring consumers’ subsequent purchase decisions in the context of brand confusion. At the same time, research hypotheses verified shall serve as references for sanitary pad brand owners’ brand positioning and advertising formation, in the hope of contributing to enterprises brand shaping. Purposive sampling was employed based on the population ratio statistics of the Taipei City Government at the end of December 2016. The online questionnaire survey method was the main method adopted, with a total of 498 valid questionnaire copies. Results show that brand confusion and product involvement have impact on brand identity. In case brand confusion takes place, the majority of the purchase decisions implemented by the participants were “purchase a brand more convenient to purchase”, followed by “choosing a brand offering a discount”, and “asking friends and relatives”. In addition to the verification of the hypotheses that made up the research framework, the research findings show that in terms of the impact of demographic variables on the research variables, the women’s degree of product involvement and brand identity were clearly higher than those of men. Relatively, the degree of confusion for women’s brands is lower compared to that of men. In terms of age, in addition to brand identity and overload confusion that are insignificant, those with higher brand confusion are distributed under the age groups of 46-50 years old and above 51 years old, which differ from those with higher product involvement that are distributed under the age groups 31-35 years old and 36-40 years old. The impact of age on the variables is more even. As for the product experience part, the results are generally the same as the results for the impact of gender, except for ambiguity confusion that is insignificant.
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"A study of consumer attitudes toward a feminine hygiene product." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5887563.

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by Chow Yiu-wai Janet.
Includes Chinese questionaire.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-78).
ABSTRACT --- p.i
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii
LIST OF TABLES --- p.v
LIST OF EXHIBITS --- p.vii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS --- p.viii
Chapter
Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Objectives --- p.1
Overview of Sanitary Napkin Market --- p.2
Chapter II. --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.4
What Are Attitudes? --- p.4
Methods of Measuring Attitudes --- p.5
Attitude-Behavior Relationship --- p.9
Marketing Implications of Studying Attitudes --- p.9
Chapter III. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.11
Target Group --- p.11
Sample Size --- p.12
Selection of Attributes --- p.12
Preliminary Stage --- p.12
Exploratory Research --- p.13
Pretest --- p.14
Questionnaire Design --- p.15
Data Collection --- p.16
Data Analysis --- p.16
Chapter IV. --- LIMITATIONS --- p.18
Chapter V. --- RESULTS --- p.21
The Relative Importance of Product Attributes --- p.21
Rearrangement of Semantic Differential Scales --- p.23
Evaluation of the Ideal Brand after Rearrangement --- p.23
Beliefs about Whisper and Nice Day --- p.24
Profile Analysis --- p.24
Attitudes toward Whisper and Nice Day --- p.27
Difference in Attitudes --- p.27
Absolute Difference --- p.27
Favorableness of Brands --- p.29
Characteristics of the Respondents --- p.30
Usage Pattern --- p.30
Actual Buyers and Purchasing Outlets --- p.32
Demographics --- p.33
Chapter VI. --- RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ATTITUDE AND BRAND USAGE --- p.34
Chapter VII. --- "ANALYSES FOR THE TWO GROUPS - WHISPER SIGNIFICANTLY MORE FAVORABLE, AND NICE DAY SIGNIFICANTLY MORE FAVORABLE" --- p.38
Relative Importance of Attributes as Perceived by Different Groups --- p.38
The Group Which Perceives Whisper as Significantly More Favorable --- p.40
The Group Which Perceives Nice Day as Significantly More Favorable --- p.43
Chapter VII. --- STRATEGIC IMPLICATIONS --- p.46
Strategic Implications for Product Improvement --- p.46
Strategic Implications for Whisper --- p.49
Strategic Implications for Nice Day --- p.50
Chapter IX. --- CONCLUSION --- p.52
APPENDICES --- p.54
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.77
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Books on the topic "Napkins"

1

Gross, Gay Merrill. Folding napkins. New York: Metro Books, 2000.

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Thompson, Anne. My mother's napkins. [Middletown, CT: Thompson], 2004.

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Simple elegant napkins. New York: Barnes & Noble, 2006.

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Spencer, Donald D. Collecting casino cocktail napkins. Ormond Beach, Fla: Camelot Pub. Co., 1998.

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Fallica, Thomas J. Thoughts scribbled on cocktail napkins. [United States?]: Maple Hill Press, 1996.

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Garton, Courtney. Napkins: Lunch bag notes from dad. Columbia, Md: Perry Pub., 1997.

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Saxena, Abhishek, Kshitij Chaudhary, Pushpa Chaudhary, Anmol Kapoor, and Raman Kapoor. Phullu: Phullū. Mumbai: Shemaroo Entertainment, 2017.

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Mulari, Mary, and Gail Brown. Simply Napkins. Krause Publications, 2003.

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Ann Prac Gde Napkins Napkin Fold. Bookmart, 2011.

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SpencerfAndrea. Napkins: The Art of Folding, Adorning and Embellishing. Aquamarine, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Napkins"

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Weickert, Joachim. "The Modelling of Napkins." In European Consortium for Mathematics in Industry, 297–300. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-09834-8_61.

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García-Arca, Jesús, A. Trinidad González-Portela Garrido, and José Carlos Prado-Prado. "Deploying “Packaging Logistics” in Paper Napkins." In Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering, 139–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45748-2_15.

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Das, Arijit. "Superabsorbent Nanofibers Revolutionize in Feminine Hygiene Napkins and Incontinence Care." In Nanotechnology Based Advanced Medical Textiles and Biotextiles for Healthcare, 195–213. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003331612-11.

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Stappers, Pieter Jan, and James M. Hennessey. "Toward Electronic Napkins and Beermats: Computer Support for Visual Ideation Skills." In Visual Representations and Interpretations, 220–25. London: Springer London, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0563-3_24.

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Hård, Mikael. "Confronting Menstruation in East Asia: Koreans Create Self-made Solutions." In Microhistories of Technology, 189–217. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22813-1_8.

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AbstractIn the 1960s, as living standards in South Korea rose, consumers initially emulated lifestyles in the United States and Europe, and modern technologies entered the home. Chapter 8 shows that, compared to women in Western countries, women in South Korea slowly adopted disposable sanitary pads and other feminine-hygiene technologies. In fact, many women continued to use self-made sanitary napkins, and for a long time they rejected the use of tampons as a Western invention. Unlike consumers in Europe, many of whom experienced the United States as an “irresistible empire,” many in South Korea managed to resist elements of “the American way of life.” Rejecting the idea that women need to perform in the same way as men, women in South Korea distinguished themselves from what they viewed as Western: rationally performing women’s bodies.
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Nandhakumar, M. "A Case Study on Bliss Natural Pads: Subtopic: Affordable and Organic Sanitary Napkins." In ORGANIZATION, PURPOSE, AND VALUES, 483–93. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003501374-36.

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Offenberger, Ilana. "“What for Godsake Shall I Do with the Hundreds of Table Napkins?” The Preservation of Czech-Jewish Life Under Nazi Occupation." In Agency and the Holocaust, 69–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38998-7_5.

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Oranje, Arnold P. "Management of Napkin Dermatitis." In Harper's Textbook of Pediatric Dermatology, 21.1–21.5. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444345384.ch21.

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Oranje, Arnold P. "General Aspects of Napkin Dermatitis." In Harper's Textbook of Pediatric Dermatology, 18.1. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444345384.ch18.

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Bonifazi, Ernesto. "Causative Factors of Napkin Dermatitis." In Harper's Textbook of Pediatric Dermatology, 19.1–19.4. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444345384.ch19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Napkins"

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Banik, Shuvra, and Lawrence L. Hoberock. "Cloth Napkin Singulation System." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34468.

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Manual wrapping of silverware pieces in napkins in large food service establishments is a repetitive, tedious, time-consuming and labor-intensive process, which can be improved by automation. This paper describes the design, development, construction, and evaluation of an automated cloth napkin singulation system, a major subsystem of an automated silverware wrapping system, which is capable of singulating individual cloth napkins from a stack of napkins to feed the wrapping system. The system employs automatically renewable adhesive tape to pick napkins from the stack and linear actuated mechanisms to remove a napkin from the tape and pass it along a moving conveyor. The cycle is repeated until all napkins in the feed stack have been singulated. The system was tested for 100 napkin cycles, and the average singulation efficiency of the system was found to be 96%, which is a 14% increase over previous napkin singulator devices. The average singulation time for each napkin cycle was 1.3 minutes, but this time can easily be decreased by employing higher speed mechanism drive motors.
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Saadi, Jana I., and Maria C. Yang. "Motivating Sustainable Behavior Using Cognitive Interventions in Product Design." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22464.

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Abstract Designing products to encourage sustainable behavior during their use can have significant influence on their total environmental impact. Cognitive interventions can be used to inform users of the importance of sustainable behavior and make users aware of the resources they consume while evoking positive or negative emotions. The first part of this study investigated two methods of cognitive interventions, information (positively and negatively framed) and feedback, and their effectiveness in encouraging users to reduce their napkin consumption in cafés. The number of napkins per transaction illustrated a short-term behavior change for positive information, a longer-term behavior change for negative information, and no change for feedback. In the second phase of this study, a survey was conducted to understand environmental concerns around napkin consumption and emotions and perceived effectiveness of each intervention. Results from 295 valid survey responses showed that the positively framed informative design reminded users to use less napkins in order to save trees and was dominated by positive emotions such as feeling encouraged. The negative information message informed users to use fewer napkins due to the consequences on the environment and was related to negative emotions such as guilt and worry. The feedback intervention’s message was more informative, reminding users that napkins come from trees and the emotions evoked from the intervention closely resembled that of the control. These findings suggest that information and feedback interventions that evoke emotions can be used to promote sustainable behavior.
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Gawande, Mayuri B., Lalesh V. Kokat, Neeta D. Jakate, and Abhijeet A. Kodlinge. "Combined Model Of Incineration And Dispenser For Sanitary Napkins." In 2024 International Conference on E-mobility, Power Control and Smart Systems (ICEMPS). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemps60684.2024.10559302.

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Nugrahanti, Amanda, and Suparmi Suparmi. "Effectiveness of The Total Task Presentation Technique in Improving the Change Sanitary Napkins Skills in a Girl with Intellectual Disabilities." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Psychology and Health Issues, ICoPHI 2023, 4 November 2023, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia. EAI, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.4-11-2023.2344844.

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Rodríguez Romero, M. Mar, M. Montserrat Muriano Rodríguez, M. Ángeles Longarela Ares, and Alicia Martínez Rodríguez. "Rompendo Regras Lab. Proxecto transversal por unha menstruación digna e ecosaudábel." In Contextos universitarios transformadores: a innovación como eixo vertebrador da docencia. VI Xornadas de Innovación Docente. Universidade da Coruña. Servizo de Publicacións, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.17979/spudc.000016.315.

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Rompendo Regras LAB (2021-22) is a transversal initiative produced by the interaction between professors, students and technicians of several University Faculties and Services including, also, local institutions and social organizations. It is related to “Laboratorios bibliotecarios” (“MediaLabMatadero”). It acts as an intellectual, physical, and digital space focused on exploring new ways of defining dignified and eco-healthy menstruation. It is based upon the confluence of heterogeneous knowledge, organizations and people and the documentation of the processes generated. Nine projects were developed with professors, students and technicians as promoters and collaborators, as well with people outside the University. Actions evolve with a variety of intensity and scope: socio-artistic experiment (I poems, social cartography, performance), specific methodologies (photo-voice and sociological imagination), gather information procedures, knowledge diffusion (seminars, workshop, conferences), environmental actions (Lixo Retrete Campaign) and artifact production (cloth napkins, posters, collages, photographs, games). Applying a transdisciplinary perspective, the projects intertwine institutions and citizenship in non-predetermined ways. Drawing upon the work in specific subject and services the projects diversify formative experiences linking them to external initiatives. In this way, we amplify and diversify a community of practice around menstruation. In addition, we explore alternative paths to performance citizenship in university.
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Hegde, Swati, Shwe Sin Win, and Thomas A. Trabold. "Stabilizing the Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste for Biomethane Production." In ASME 2017 11th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2017 Power Conference Joint With ICOPE-17, the ASME 2017 15th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2017 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2017-3097.

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Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a viable method for conversion of food waste and other organic materials into methane-rich biogas. However, when used at high organic loading rates, using only food waste can lead to an unstable process. Process instability is indicated by frequent changes in pH, and increase in ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentration. These uncontrolled changes combined with over-production of organic acids can inhibit biogas production and ultimately lead to digester failure. Therefore, certain co-substrates produced as wastes in the regional food sector were tested as stabilizing agents for food waste digestion with an objective of achieving stable non-manure based digestion. The substrates tested were acid whey, bread, manure, caffeinated drink, paper napkins and apple pomace. The biogas production was increased by 12% in reactors containing bread, by 10% with acid whey, and by 12% when the co-substrate was caffeinated drink. The reactors containing paper and manure showed decreased biogas production by 6% and 12% respectively, but these changes are relatively small and thus not considered inhibitory. Co-digestion with apple pomace was found to be inhibitory and resulted in digester failure. This initial study has demonstrated that the stability of AD systems may be improved by strategically combining available food waste feedstocks.
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Xin, Min, Ehud Sharlin, and Mario Costa Sousa. "Napkin sketch." In the 2008 ACM symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1450579.1450627.

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Seidle, Nathan. "Napkin schematics studio." In TEI'11: Fifth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1935701.1935789.

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Gross, Mark D., and Ellen Yi Luen Do. "Demonstrating the electronic cocktail napkin." In Conference companion. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/257089.257092.

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Burra, K. G., P. Singh, N. Déparrois, and A. K. Gupta. "Pyrolysis and CO2 Gasification of Composite Polymer Absorbent Waste for Syngas Production." In ASME 2019 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2019-1884.

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Abstract Development of alternative carbonaceous sources for energy production is essential to alleviate the dependence on depleting fossil fuels which led to increasing atmospheric CO2 and thus global warming. While biomass utilization for energy and chemical production has been extensively studied in the literature, such studies on municipal solid wastes is difficult to interpret due to the heterogeneous nature of the waste. Understanding of the influence of individual components is necessary for comprehensive development of waste-to-energy pathway. One such waste that is complicated and has often been ignored in the literature is composite polymer absorbent material waste which can also be considered as a potential feedstock for thermochemical pathway of energy production. Composite polymer absorbent materials are ubiquitously used these days in the form of sanitary napkins, diapers, water blockers, fire blockers and surgical pads due to their high water-absorptive nature. Pyrolysis and CO2 gasification is ideal for such materials due to its versatile feedstock intake and uniform product output in the form of syngas with adjustable composition. CO2 gasification also provides the added benefit of CO2 utilization which provides carbon offset to this process. In the present study, a mixture of cellulose, absorbent material (sodium polyacrylate), polypropylene and polystyrene in a fixed proportion, to model approximate composition of a diaper, was examined for its pyrolysis and CO2 gasification capability for viable syngas production. The influence of individual components into the syngas yield from the composite waste gasification was also investigated. A fixed-bed, semi-batch reactor facility along with gas chromatography was employed to analyse the syngas yield and compositional evolution. Pyrolysis was done under nitrogen atmosphere and gasification was done under CO2 atmosphere. CO2 gasification provided net CO2 consumption which means a net reduction in carbon emissions per joule of energy produced. The sample was tested under four isothermal conditions of 973, 1073, and 1173 K to understand the impact of operational conditions on the syngas yield. Influence of individual component of the composite absorbent waste on the syngas yield and composition was also analyzed by comparing these syngas characteristics with that of the yield from gasification of its individual components separately at 1173 K. These investigations provided us with novel results on the behavior and capabilities of these composite polymer absorbent wastes and which opens up a new avenue towards efficient utilization of solid waste resources for sustainable energy production in the form of syngas which can also be used for various chemicals production such as methanol, gasoline and other petrochemical products.
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