Relevant bibliographies by topics / Nardus

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Academic literature on the topic 'Nardus'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Nardus"

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Ahmad Kamal, Henny Zaliyana, Tuan Nadrah Naim Tuan Ismail, Erry Mochamad Arief, and Kannan Thirumulu Ponnuraj. "Antimicrobial activities of citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) essential oil against several oral pathogens and its volatile compounds." Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry 32, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/pjd.vol32no1.24966.

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Introduction: Cymbopogon nardus is a strong aromatic plant with relevant medicinal properties due to its essential chemical compounds and its potential therapeutic effects. This study was aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of citronella essential oil against several oral pathogens and to identify the volatile compounds. Methods: The essential oil of C. nardus was purchased from Excellent Wisdom Sdn. Bhd., Malaysia. The source of raw material was collected from Malacca, the southern region of Malaysia, and the company made its taxonomic identification. An experimental in-vitro study was conducted on the essential oil processed from C. nardus genus Cymbopogon of Poaceae family. The in-vitro antimicrobial activities of C. nardus essential oil were evaluated against Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), Streptococcus sobrinus (ATCC 33478), and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) using agar well diffusion assay. The identification of the volatile compounds was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: The C. nardus essential oil exhibited inhibitory activity against C. albicans at the concentration of 6.25%, whereby the inhibitory activity against S. mutans and S. sobrinus began at the concentration of 25%. The antimicrobial activity of C. nardus essential oil was statistically significant at the concentration of 50% in all tested pathogens. The GC-MS analysis of the C. nardus essential oil revealed the presence of few constituents, which include monoterpenes, diterpenes, sesquiterpenes and phenolic compounds. Monoterpenes were the major identified terpenoids and contributed to 54.45% of the total volatile composition. The main identified monoterpenes were citronellal (11.35%), z-Citral (11.34%), β-Myrcene (6.70%), and β-Trans-ocimene (6.03%), which was the first time β-Myrcene and β-Trans-ocimene was found in high percentage. Conclusion: C. nardus essential oil is an active antibacterial agent against several oral pathogens, and the percentages of active volatile compounds are different within different origins.
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Fauzi, Nurulwahidah, and Juliana Jumal. "Cymbopogon Nardus From Malay Society Tradition Perspectives: An Analysis of Chemical Composition Using Steam Distillation From Scientific Finding." Ulum Islamiyyah 31 (August 2, 2020): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/uij.vol31no.106.

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Cymbopogon nardus (C. nardus) or fragrance lemongrass is a member of Gramineae family which is well known for its citronella oil content that is commonly used as a natural fragrant oil, in insect repellents, as well as in beauty, household and perfumery products. C. nardus is one of the unique herbs that has been widely discussed in Malay Medical Manuscript and has been consumed by Malay practitioner as it possesses various anti biological activities such as anti fungal, anti bacteria and anti-inflammatory. In traditional system of medicine among Malay traditional people, C. nardus has been used for the treatment of fever, muscle pain, and many kinds of illness. Various uses shown by this herb and the tendency of high application of the herb among Malay society has led us to study C. nardus according to the scientific perspective. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to identify the morphology of C. nardus and its application from Malay traditional’s perspectives, as well as to determine the active compounds present in the herb through scientific findings. Two different parts of leaves and stems of C. nardus were extracted using steam distillation method for 2 hours. The chemical composition of citronella oil was determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). An amount of 0.55 % and 0.024 % of citronella oil were extracted from leaves and stems parts, respectively. The main compositions of oil extracted from the leaves part are citronellol (41.4 %), methyleugenol (80.2 %), citronellal (39.7 %), D- limonene (40 %) and geraniol (36.5 %). Meanwhile, the extraction from the stems composed of α-Himachalene (45.34%), Citronellol acetate (48.2 %), cis-Geraniol (57.8 %) and endo- Borneol (26.2 %). Thus, it can be concluded that C. nardus leaves extraction yield higher citronella oil content as compared to stems and consist of different main chemical compositions between the two parts.
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Yunita, Yunita, Fitria Lestari, and Yuli Febrianti. "Antibacterial activity lemongrass leaves of Staphylococcus aureus inhibition one." JPBIO (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi) 5, no. 2 (2020): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31932/jpbio.v5i2.782.

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Staphylococcus aureus is a nosocomial problem that can cause skin infections. Treatment of skin infections can be done by using citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) which is antibacterial because it contains compounds such as flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, saponins, and essential oils. This study aims to determine the antibacterial power of Cymbopogon nardus leaf starch essence against Staphylococcus aureus inhibition zone. This type of research is a laboratory experiment using a post-test only control group design. The results showed that the extract of Cymbopogon nardus leaves with a concentration of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% with positive control of ampicillin had different inhibitory zona against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The conclusion is that the concentration of Cymbopogon nardus leaf starch is the most effective and forms an inhibition zone with the largest average (16.28), namely a concentration of 20%.Keywords: Antibacterial, lemongrass, Staphylococcus aureus
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Bayala, Bagora, Ahmed Y. Coulibaly, Florencia W. Djigma, et al. "Chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities of the essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus, a plant used in traditional medicine." Biomolecular Concepts 11, no. 1 (2020): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bmc-2020-0007.

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AbstractObjectivesNatural products commonly used in traditional medicine, such as essential oils (EOs), are attractive sources for the development of molecules with anti-proliferative activities for future treatment of human cancers, e.g., prostate and cervical cancer. In this study, the chemical composition of the EO from Cymbopogon nardus was characterized, as well as its antioxidativeproperties and anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities on LNCaP cells derived from prostate cancer.MethodsThe chemical composition of the EO was determined by GC/FID and GC/MS analyses. The antioxidative properties were assessed using DPPH radical scavenging assay and ABTS+• radical cation decolorization assay, and the anti-inflammatory capacity was determined by the inhibition of the lipoxygenase activity. Antiproliferative activity was evaluated by MTT assay.ResultsCollectively, our data show that the major constituents of C. nardus EO are citronellal (33.06 %), geraniol (28.40 %), nerol (10.94 %), elemol (5.25 %) and delta-elemene (4.09 %). C. nardus EO shows modest antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity compared to the standard galic acid. C. nardus EO exhibits the best antiproliferative activity on the prostate cancer cell line LNCaP with an IC50 of 58.0 ± 7.9 μg/mL, acting through the induction of the cell cycle arrest.ConclusionsThis study has determined that C. nardus EO efficiently triggers cytotoxicity and pens a new field of investigation regarding the putative use of this EO in vivo.
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Kamelia, Marlina, Suharno Zein, FNU Supriyadi, and Dian Nur Chomsyah. "Kombinasi Ekstrak Cymbopogon nardus L. dan Nicotiana tabacum Sebagai Insektisida Nabati Helopeltis antonii Sign." Agriprima, Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences 4, no. 2 (2020): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25047/agriprima.v4i2.377.

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Helopeltis antonii Sign. merupakan salah satu jenis serangga yang kerap menyerang tanaman kakao di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu perlu dicari alternatif insektisida yang lebih ecofriendly sehingga meminimalisir dampak buruk yang mungkin ditimbulkan akibat penggunaan jangka panjang. Insektisida nabati menjadi salah satu alternatif yang mungkin dapat digunakan. Cymbopogon nardus L. memiliki senyawa aktif sitronela sedangkan Nicotiana tabacum memiliki senyawa aktif nikotin yang keduanya berpotensi sebagai insektisida nabati dan bersifat biodegradable. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 5 perlakuan yaitu kontrol (P0), kombinasi C. nardus dan N. tabacum (80 ml dan 20 ml (P1); 60 ml dan 40 ml (P2); 50 ml dan 50 ml (P3); 40 ml dan 60 ml (P4); serta 20 ml dan 80 ml(P5)). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh pemberian ekstrak C. nardus dan N. tabacum terhadap mortalitas H. antonii.P0 tingkat mortalitas 3,33%; P1 sebesar 26,70%; P2 sebesar 26,70%; P3 sebesar 67%, P4 sebesar 80%, dan P5 sebesar 93,30%. Hasil analisis ragam dengan ANOVA menunjukkan adanya pengaruh perlakuan dan hasil uji lanjut BNT menunjukkan pengaruh perlakuan terbaik adalah pada P5.Oleh karena itu dapat disimpulkan kombinasi ekstrak C. nardus dan N. tabacum efektif sebagai insektisida nabati untuk H. antonii.
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de Billerbeck, Virginia G., Christine G. Roques, Jean-Marie Bessière, Jean-Louis Fonvieille, and Robert Dargent. "Effects of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) W. Watson essential oil on the growth and morphogenesis of Aspergillus niger." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 47, no. 1 (2001): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w00-117.

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The growth inhibitory effect of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) W. Watson var. nardus essential oil on Aspergillus niger (Van Tieghem) mycelium was determined on agar medium. The mycelium growth was completely inhibited at 800 mg/L. This concentration was found to be lethal under the test conditions. Essential oil at 400 mg/L caused growth inhibition of 80% after 4 days of incubation, and a delay in conidiation of 4 days compared with the control. Microscopic observations were carried out to determine the ultrastructural modifications of A. niger hyphae after treatment with C. nardus essential oil. The main change observed by transmission electron microscopy concerned the hyphal diameter and the hyphal wall, which appeared markedly thinner. These modifications in cytological structure might be caused by the interference of the essential oil with the enzymes responsible for wall synthesis which disturb normal growth. Moreover, the essential oil caused plasma membrane disruption and mitochondrial structure disorganization. The findings thus indicate the possibility of exploiting Cymbopogon nardus essential oil as an effective inhibitor of biodegrading and storage-contaminating fungi.Key words: essential oil, antifungal agent, hyphal ultrastructure, cell wall, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy.
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Mahalwal, Vijender S., and Mohd Ali. "Volatile constituents ofCymbopogon nardus (Linn.) Rendle." Flavour and Fragrance Journal 18, no. 1 (2003): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1144.

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Suwitchayanon, Prapaipit, Kiyotake Suenaga, Arihiro Iwasaki, and Hisashi Kato-Noguchi. "Myrislignan, a Growth Inhibitor from the Roots of Citronella grass." Natural Product Communications 12, no. 7 (2017): 1934578X1701200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1701200719.

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A phytotoxic compound was isolated from the root extracts of Cymbopogon nardus by bioassay-guided purification and characterized to be myrislignan. Myrislignan significantly inhibited seedling growth of cress at a concentration greater than 100 μM (p < 0.05). The concentrations required for 50% growth inhibition of myrislignan on hypocotyl and root growth of cress were 429 μM and 517 μM, respectively. The inhibition on seedling growth indicated that myrislignan had a phytotoxic activity and may contribute to the phytotoxic effect of C. nardus.
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Sarlina, Sarlina, Abdul Rahman Razak, and Muhamad Rinaldhi Tandah. "Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Daun Sereh (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus Penyebab Jerawat." Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) 3, no. 2 (2017): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.0.v0.i0.8770.

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Penelitian tentang uji aktivitas antibakteri sediaan gel ekstrak daun sereh (Cymbopogon nardus L.Rendle) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi karbopol, konsentrasi ekstrak, dan kombinasi keduanya terhadap stabilitas gel dan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Ekstrak daun sereh (Cymbopogon nardus L.Rendle) diperoleh dengan cara maserasi dengan etanol 96%. Desain penelitian menggunakan analisis data ANOVA rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% dan karbopol sebagai basis gel dengan konsentrasi 0,5%, 1% dan 2%. Evaluasi stabilitas sediaan mencakup uji organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji viskositas, dan uji aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi konsentrasi ekstrak mempengaruhi stabilitas dan aktivitas antibakteri gel ekstrak daun sereh (Cymbopogon nardus L.Rendle). Variasi konsentrasi karbopol mempengaruhi aktivitas antibakteri tetapi tidak mempengaruhi stabilitas. Kombinasi variasi konsentrasi karbopol dan ekstrak mempengaruhi aktivitas antibakteri. Kombinasi perlakuan yang baik diperoleh pada formula A2B4, karena memiliki aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi yaitu 14,56 mm.
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Oliveira, M. M. M., D. F. Brugnera, M. G. Cardoso, L. G. L. Guimarães, and R. H. Piccoli. "Rendimento, composição química e atividade antilisterial de óleos essenciais de espécies de Cymbopogon." Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais 13, no. 1 (2011): 08–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-05722011000100002.

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Objetivou-se determinar o rendimento, a composição química e avaliar a atividade antilisterial dos óleos essenciais de Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf. (capim-limão) e Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (capim-citronela), puros e em combinação. A obtenção dos óleos essenciais foi realizada a partir de folhas frescas, empregando-se a técnica de hidrodestilação e utilizando-se aparelho de Clevenger modificado. Os rendimentos foram calculados a partir da massa obtida na extração e da umidade do material vegetal. A análise qualitativa foi realizada por cromatografia em fase gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massas e a avaliação dos teores dos constituintes químicos por cromatografia em fase gasosa com detector de ionização de chamas. O efeito bacteriostático de diferentes concentrações dos óleos essenciais, puros e em combinação, foi determinado pela técnica de difusão em ágar. As concentrações mínimas inibitórias (CMIs) foram utilizadas na determinação do tempo de ação bactericida. O rendimento, em base seca, foi de 1,39% (v/p) para o óleo essencial de C. citratus e de 2,27% (v/p) para o óleo essencial de C. nardus. Geranial e neral foram os constituintes majoritários do óleo essencial de C. citratus, enquanto, para C. nardus, foram citronelal, geraniol e citronelol. A maioria das concentrações utilizadas mostrou-se efetiva contra Listeria monocytogenes e observaram-se efeitos bactericidas nas CMIs. Óleos essenciais de C. citratus e C. nardus, puros e em combinação, constituem novas alternativas de antibacterianos naturais a serem utilizados no controle de L. monocytogenes na indústria de alimentos.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nardus"

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Genney, David R. "Below-ground ecology of Calluna vulgaris and Nardus stricta." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325227.

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Friend, Andrew David. "Investigations on the physiological basis of adaptation to altitude in Nardus stricta L." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270408.

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Paula, Camila Gurgel Dantas de. "Atividade antifúngica in vitro do óleo essencial de cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle (citronela) e do fitoconstituinte citronelal sobre cladosporium carrionii." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2015. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/8637.

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Dematiaceous, demaceous or dark fungi comprise a large, heterogeneous group of fungi that cause a variety of diseases, including feohifomycoses, cromoblastomycoses, mycetoma and allergies. Species of the genus Cladosporium are relevant in developing cromoblatomycoses, and stand out as plant contaminants. The toxicity of conventional antifungal and increased resistance to therapeutic regimens, driving the study of the antifungal activity of new alternatives, including natural sources. Given this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the In vitro antifungal activity of seven essential oils (Laurus nobilis L., Mentha arvensis, Mentha X piperita L., Mentha spicata, Ocimum basilicum L., Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle e Origanum vulgare) and the phytoconstituent citronellal on strains of dematiaceous fungi. In this study, the following methods were used: microbiological screening, determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC), kinetics of microbial death, inhibition of conidial germination and evaluation of morphological changes. Among the essential oils tested, the C. nardus essential oil demonstrated potent antifungal activity, inhibiting the growth of 83,3% of strains used. The Cymbopogon Nardus L. Rendle (citronella grass) belongs to the family Poaceae, subfamily Panicoideae. The Cymbopogon genus consists of eighty-five species. C. nardus presents constitution of essential oil with two major compounds: the citronellal and geraniol. Citronellal is a monoterpene, predominantly formed by the secondary metabolism of plants. The essential oil of C. nardus had its MIC and MFC established at 64 mg / mL and the citronellal in 32 mg / mL. Both the essential oil of C. nardus as citronellal significantly inhibited the radial mycelial growth of the tested strains, the MIC concentrations, MICx2 and MICx4 after 12 days of exposure. In MIC50 concentrations (64 ug / ml- essential oil and 32μg / ml -citronellal) and MIC90 (128 ug / ml - 512μg essential oil and / ml - citronellal), were able to significantly inhibit the germination of fungal conidia from both strains tested. The determination of the effect of the essential oil of C. nardus and citronellal on the morphogenesis of C. carrionii strains showed that both were capable of inducing morphological changes, as development tortuous hyphae, fine and decreased conidiation in MIC concentrations, MICx2 and MICx4. Thus, it is concluded that the essential oil of C. nardus and its phytoconstituent citronellal showed pronounced antifungal activity against the strains of C. carrionii tested, what drives the study of its In vivo antifungal activity, as well as the search for pharmaceutical formulations to be used for the therapy of certain mycoses, especially those caused by dematiaceous fungi.
Fungos dematiáceos, demáceos ou escuros compõem um grupo grande e heterogêneo de fungos que causam uma variedade de doenças, incluindo feohifomicoses, cromoblastomicoses, micetomas e alergias. Espécies do gênero Cladosporium são relevantes no desenvolvimento de cromoblatomicoses, e se destacam como contaminantes de plantas. A toxicidade dos antifúngicos convencionais e o aumento da resistência aos esquemas terapêuticos utilizados impulsionam o estudo da atividade antifúngica de novas alternativas, incluindo as de fonte natural. Diante desse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade antifúngica In vitro de sete óleos essenciais (Laurus nobilis L., Mentha arvensis, Mentha X piperita L., Mentha spicata, Ocimum basilicum L., Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle e Origanum vulgare) e do fitoconstituinte citronelal sobre cepas de fungos dematiáceos. Neste estudo, os seguintes métodos foram utilizados: triagem microbiológica, determinação da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e Concentração Fungicida Mínima (CFM), cinética de morte microbiana, inibição da germinação de conídios e avaliação de alterações morfológicas. Dentre os óleos essenciais testados, o de C. nardus demonstrou uma potente atividade antifúngica, inibindo o crescimento de 83,3% das cepas de fungos demáceos utilizadas. O Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle (capim-citronela) pertence à família Poaceae, subfamília Panicoideae. O gênero Cymbopogon é constituído de oitenta e cinco espécies. O C. nardus apresenta constituição do óleo essencial com dois compostos majoritários: o citronelal e o geraniol. Citronelal é um monoterpeno, predominantemente formado pelo metabolismo secundário de plantas. O óleo essencial de C. nardus teve sua CIM e CFM estabelecidas em 64 μg/ mL e o citronelal em 32 μg/ mL. Tanto o óleo essencial de C. nardus quanto o citronelal inibiram de forma significativa o crescimento micelial radial das cepas testadas, nas concentrações CIM, CIMx2 e CIMx4, após 12 dias de exposição. Nas concentrações CIM50 (64 μg/ mL- óleo essencial e 32μg/mL -citronelal) e CIM90 (128 μg/mL - óleo essencial e 512μg/mL - citronelal), foram capazes de inibir de forma significativa a germinação dos conídios fúngicos de ambas as cepas testadas. A determinação do efeito do óleo essencial de C. nardus e do citronelal sobre a morfogênese das cepas de C. carrionii demonstrou que ambos foram capazes de induzir alterações morfológicas, como desenvolvimento de hifas tortuosas, finas e diminuição da conidiação, nas concentrações CIM, CIMx2 e CIMx4. Dessa forma, conclui-se que o óleo essencial de C. nardus e o seu fitoconstituinte citronelal mostraram pronunciada atividade antifúngica sobre as cepas de C. carrionii testadas, o que impulsiona o estudo de suas atividades antifúngicas In vivo, bem como a busca por formulações farmacêuticas a serem utilizadas para a terapia de algumas micoses, especialmente aquelas causadas por fungos demáceos.
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Palmier, Catherine. "Aspects ecophysiologiques de la concurrence de deux graminées subalpines : Festuca eskia et Nardus stricta." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30011.

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L'evolution recente des ecosystemes prairiaux subalpins des pyrenees centrales a ete mise en evidence sur le site de l'etude par l'analyse diachronique de photographies infra-rouge couleurs. Cette evolution se traduit par la regression des groupements a nardus stricta au profit de ceux a festuca eskia et d'explique par un certain nombre de faits ecophysiologiques: une periode d'activite plus longue pour festuca eskia montree par le traitement d'images et permettant la mise en place de reserves racinaires; une meilleure resistance a la secheresse de festuca eskia, montree par l'etude des echanges gazeux en conditions de stress et par l'etude du systeme racinaire in situ; une meilleure adaptation de festuca eskia aux basses temperatures de fin de saison, montree par l'etude des variations saisonnieres des sucres solubles non structuraux et de l'amidon
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Toledo, Luciani Gaspar de. "Extrato etanólico e óleo essencial de Cymbopogan nardus (L.) Rendle: avaliação, in vitro, do potencial antifúngico." Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/tede/403.

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Introduction: Candida spp are opportunistic pathogens isolated from human biota in the gastrointestinal tract, oral and vaginal mucosa, which can lead to the development of superficial lesions to disseminated infections, especially in immunosuppression. The high toxicity, the high cost of treatment and the emergence of resistant strains justify the search for new therapeutic agents. The plant biodiversity is rich in active ingredients that have contributed to the development of new and effective drugs, less expensive treatments and population access. Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle is a plant popularly known as citronella and cultivated in subtropical and tropical areas of Asia, Africa and America, including Brazil. Essential oils present in the Cymbopogon genus plants have been widely studied, but there are few studies involving chemical analysis and microbiological ethanol extract of C. nardus. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antifungal potential, in vitro, of ethanol extract (EE) and essential oil (EO) from the leaves of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (citronella) clinical isolates against of Candida spp. Material and Methods: In this study the species Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto and C. orthopsilosis were selected. EE was obtained by extraction ultrasonic bath and analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS). The EO was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The antifungal activity of EE and EO was performed by determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), time-kill assay inhibition of hyphal growth of C. albicans and inhibit mature biofilm. Additionally, the cytotoxic evaluation (determination of IC50) was assessed in HepG-2 cell lines (hepatic) and MRC-5 (fibroblast). Results: The results of the chemical analysis of EE showed presence of glycosylated flavones and glycosylated phenylpropanoids. According to the EO chemical analysis, the main compounds observed were monoterpenes containing-oxygen: citronellal, geranial, geraniol, citronellol and neral. Biological assays showed effective antifungal activity of EE (MIC 1000 to 125 μg / ml) and of EO (MIC 1000 the 250 μg/ml). In the time-kill assay was observed inhibition of growth of the species tested for EE and EO. The hyphal growth of C. albicans was inhibited by EE (1000 to 31 μg/ml) and the EO (1000 to 15.8 μg/ml) for 12 and 24 hours. The EE and EO inhibit mature biofilm species C. albicans, C. krusei, and C. parapsilosis at concentrations of 50xCIM and 10xCIM, respectively. EE exhibited the lower IC50 values for HepG-2 (322 μg/ml) and MRC-5 (181.1 μg/ml) than essential oil that showed IC50 values for HepG-2 (96.6 μg/ml) and MRC-5 (33.1 μg/ml). Conclusions: The EE and EO from C. nardus present as a promising source of new molecules with antifungal activity especially to the inhibition of the main virulence factors such as formation of hyphae and biofilm.
Introdução: Leveduras do gênero Candida são patógenos oportunistas isolados da biota humana no trato gastrointestinal, mucosa oral e vaginal, que podem levar ao desenvolvimento de lesões superficiais até infecções disseminadas, especialmente em situações de imunossupressão. O alto custo para tratamento de infecções, a elevada toxicidade, e o surgimento de cepas resistentes justificam a busca de novos agentes terapêuticos. A biodiversidade vegetal é rica em princípios ativos que têm contribuído com o desenvolvimento de novos e efetivos medicamentos, mais econômicos e de fácil acesso populacional. Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle, é uma planta popularmente conhecida como citronela e cultivada em áreas subtropicais e tropicais da Ásia, África e América, incluindo o Brasil. Os óleos essenciais presentes em plantas do gênero Cymbopogon têm sido amplamente estudados, porém, a analise química e microbiológica do extrato etanólico de C. Nardus,é pouco explorada Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o potencial antifúngico, in vitro, do extrato etanólico (EE) e do óleo essencial (OE) das folhas de Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (citronela) frente isolados clínicos de Candida spp. Material e Métodos: Foram consideradas as espécies: Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto e C. orthopsilosis. O EE foi obtido por extração em banho ultrassônico e analisado por cromatografia liquida de ultra performance (UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS). O OE foi extraído por hidrodestilação e analisado por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrômetro de massa (CG-EM). A atividade antifúngica do EE e do OE foi realizada através da determinação da concentração inibitória mínima (CIM), ensaio time-kill, inibição do crescimento hifal de C. albicans e inibição de biofilme maduro. Adicionalmente, a avaliação citotóxica (determinação de IC50) foi estabelecida em linhagens celulares HepG-2 (hepática) e MRC-5 (fibroblasto). Resultados: Os resultados da análise química do EE evidenciaram presença de flavonas e fenilpropanoides glicosilados. De acordo com a análise química do OE, os principais compostos observados foram monoterpenos contendo oxigênio: citronelal, geranial, geraniol, citronelol e neral. Os ensaios biológicos mostraram importante atividade antifúngica para o EE (CIM de 1000 a 125 μg/mL) e, para o OE (CIM de 1000 a 250 μg/mL). A inibição do crescimento ocorreu para todas as espécies avaliadas frente aos produtos, EE e OE. O EE (1000 até 31 μg/mL) e OE (1000 até 15,8 μg/mL) inibiram o desenvolvimento da hifa de C. albicans, durante 12 e 24 horas, além de inibir o biofilme maduro das espécies de C. albicans, C. krusei e C. parapsilosis, nas concentrações de 50xCIM e 10xCIM, respectivamente. O EE apresentou os menores valores de IC50 para HepG-2 (322 μg/mL) e MRC-5 (181,1 μg/mL) em comparação com o óleo essencial - IC50 para HepG-2 (96,6 μg/mL) e MRC-5 (33,1 μg/mL). Conclusões: O EE e OE de C. nardus apresentam-se como uma fonte promissora de novas moléculas com atividade antifúngica com destaque à inibição dos principais fatores de virulência: formação de hifa e biofilme.
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BARBOSA, Lília Cristina de Souza. "Morfo-anatomia e fitoquímica de Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf e Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (Poaceae: Panicoideae)." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2007. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1294.

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The genus Cymbopogon Sprengel belong to the Poaceae family and it has 40 species distributed in Tropical and Subtropical Africa, Asia and Australia, although some species went introduced in America. Many species of this genus are cultivated for the extraction of essential oil, from their leaves, with large medicinal, food and industrial importance. The species in focus, Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf and C. nardus (L.) Rendle are originated from Africa and Asia, respectively. This research had as objective, to broaden the knowledge about the species C. densiflorus and C. nardus, by the morphological and anatomy studies from leaves and culms, phytochemical analysis and essential oil analysis from the leaves. Anatomical studies have been of relevant importance to the pharmacognosy researches, mainly for the identification of many vegetal raw materials. Several times, these raw materials are known by the same popular name or then, they are commercialized with contaminated agents or with other parts of the specie. Through of anatomical analysis, it was checked commons characters, such as leaf lamina and sheath amphistomata, stomatas with guard cells dumbbell and subsidiary cells dome-shape, rares in adaxial surface and abundant in abaxial surface, predominated in intercostal zones. The adaxial and abaxial surfaces had long cells and short cells: cork and dumb-bell and cross-shaped silica cells, these last it is placed in costal zones; macro-hairs and micro-hairs abundant in abaxial surface. In the leaf lamina, bulliforms cells are presents in adaxial surface, they were alternated with fibers in the costal zones and the mesophyll is homogeneous with chlorenchyma radiated to the bundle sheaths and arm cells with walls invaginated that they determined the intervenal distance by one or three cells, characterized Kranz anatomy. Bundle sheaths collateral, of 1st, 2nd and 3rd orders with single vascular bundle sheaths. The cap region is constituted by sclerenchyma and the epidermis has silica cells. However, both species had different anatomical features, as the form of midrib, in the leaf laminas; C. densiflorus showed colourless parenchyma cells in the mesophyll of leaf sheaths, that they do not exist in C. nardus. In the culms, numbers of metaxylem vessels in the each side of protoxylem vessels in vascular bundles: 1, in C. densiflorus, 2 and 3, in C. nardus; and the presence of sclerenchyma cylinder and fistula in C. nardus, absent characters in C. densiflorus. Moreover, in C. densiflorus, while C. nardus showed these characters. The preliminary phytochemistry analysis C. densiflorus and C. nardus leaves evidencied flavonoids, saponins, coumarins and traces of cardioactive glycosides. In the essential oil analysis, C. densiflorus leaves showed trans-p-mentha-1(7),8-dien-2-ol, trans-p-mentha-2-8-dien-1-ol, cis-carveol and cis-p-mentha-2-8-dien-1-ol as majority constituents; while C. nardus leaves had geraniol, citronellol and citronellal. The anatomical characters observed can be important to the taxonomic determinations of species studied, in the genus. Through the results found, it verifies the phytotherapics potential of both species. Future researches in isolation and purify of the secondary metabolites, pharmacologics and toxicologics analysis of extracts and of the essential oil, it will be important to assure the therapeutic efficiency of these.
O gênero Cymbopogon Sprengel pertence à família Poaceae e compreende 40 espécies, distribuídas pela África Tropical e Subtropical, Ásia e Austrália, embora algumas foram introduzidas na América. Diversas espécies deste gênero são cultivadas para a extração de óleos essenciais, a partir de suas folhas, sendo então de grande importância medicinal, alimentar e industrial. As espécies em estudo Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf e C. nardus (L.) Rendle, são originárias da África e Ásia, respectivamente. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo, ampliar o conhecimento sobre as espécies C. densiflorus e C. nardus, por meio do estudo morfo-anatômico das folhas e colmo, prospecção fitoquímica e análise dos óleos essenciais das folhas. Estudos anatômicos têm sido de relevante importância para pesquisas farmacognósticas; principalmente para a identificação de diversas matérias-prima vegetal, que muitas vezes são conhecidas pelo mesmo nome popular ou então, comercializadas com contaminantes ou de outras partes da mesma espécie. Por meio das análises anatômicas verificaram-se caracteres comuns entre ambas as espécies, tais como lâminas e bainhas foliares anfiestomáticas, estômatos com células-guarda halteriformes e células subsidiárias em forma de cúpula, raros na face adaxial e abundantes na face abaxial predominando nas regiões intercostais. As faces adaxial e abaxial apresentam células longas e células curtas: suberosas e silicificadas halteriforme e cruciforme, sendo as últimas localizadas nas regiões costais; macrotricomas e microtricomas predominam na face abaxial. Nas lâminas foliares, as células buliformes estão presentes na face adaxial da epiderme, intercaladas por fibras na região costal e o mesofilo é homogêneo disposto radialmente aos feixes vasculares, com distância intervenal de uma a três células, caracterizando anatomia Kranz. Os feixes vasculares colaterais, de 1ª, 2ª e 3ª ordens com bainha de feixe única. A região do bordo é formada por fibras e a epiderme apresenta células silicificadas. Entretanto, ocorrem características anatômicas distintas entre as duas espécies, como formato da nervura central, nas lâminas foliares; C. densiflorus apresenta células parenquimáticas incolores, na bainha foliar, que estão ausentes em C. nardus e o número de elementos de metaxilema em cada lado dos elementos de protoxilema: 1, em C. densiflorus e 2 a 3, em C. nardus e presença de cilindro esclerenquimático e medula fistulosa em C. nardus, caracteres ausentes em C. densiflorus. A análise fitoquímica preliminar das folhas de C. densiflorus e C. nardus evidenciou flavonóides, saponinas, cumarinas e traços de heterosídeos cardioativos. Na análise dos óleos essenciais, as folhas de C. densiflorus apresentaram trans-p-menta-1(7),8-dien-2-ol, trans-p-menta-2-8-dien-1-ol, cis-carveol e cis-p-menta-2-8-dien-1-ol, como constituintes majoritários; enquanto que em C. nardus foram geraniol, citronelol e citronelal. Os caracteres anatômicos observados podem ser importantes para as determinações taxonômicas das espécies estudadas. Por meio dos resultados encontrados, verifica-se o potencial fitoterápico de ambas as espécies. Futuras pesquisas em isolamento e purificação dos metabólitos secundários, análises farmacológicas e toxicológicas dos extratos e dos óleos essenciais, serão importantes para assegurar a eficácia terapêutica destas.
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Agnolin, Carlos Alberto. "Óleo de citronela no controle de ectoparasitas de bovinos." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2009. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10727.

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This research was aimed to evaluate in vivo effects of citronella oil on cattle ectoparasites. Two experiments with different levels of citronella oil (I) and the relationships with phytotherapic and the synthetic acaricide (II) were evaluated. In experiment I, twenty Holstein cows were allocated in four groups of five animals. The treatments were: negative control, amitraz at 0.025% and citronella oil at 3 and 4%. Engorged ticks and flies (horn fly, stably fly and domestic fly) were evaluated on animals before (mean of days -3, -2, -1) and at 3; 7 and 14 days after treatment. The efficacy of control ticks was 89.2; 36.5 and 35.8% for amitraz and citronella oil at 3 end 4% respectively, on 14th day post-treatment. Lower control of flies was observed for phytotherapic treatments. In experiment II, fifteen Holstein cows were allocated in three groups of five animals. The treatments were: negative control, amitraz at 0.025% and citronella oil at 4%. Engorged ticks and flies were evaluated on animals before (mean of days -3, -2, -1) and at 7; 14; 21 and 28 days after treatment. In 28 days there was need to reapply the amitraz to control engorged ticks. The relationship among the number of application was the 1:2.5 for amitraz and citronella oil, respectively. The efficacy in control ticks were 71.8 and 30.9% for amitraz and citronella oil at 4% respectively. Lower control of flies was observed for phytotherapic treatment.
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar in vivo diferentes níveis de óleo de citronela em ectoparasitas de bovinos. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos com diferentes níveis de óleo de citronela (I) e a relação de banho entre o produto fitoterápico e um acaricida sintético (II). No experimento I, foram utilizadas 20 vacas da raça Holandês, distribuídas em quatro grupos de cinco animais cada um. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pelo controle negativo, amitraz a 0,025%, óleo de citronela a 3 e 4%. Para avaliação foram contadas fêmeas ingurgitadas de carrapato e moscas (mosca-dos-chifres, mosca-dos-estábulos e mosca doméstica) antes (média dos dias -3, -2, -1) e após a aplicação dos produtos nos dias 3; 7 e 14. A eficácia no controle do carrapato foi de 89,2; 36,5 e 35,8% para o amitraz e óleo de citronela a 3 e 4%, respectivamente. Verificou-se baixo controle de moscas nos tratamentos constituídos pelo fitoterápico. No experimento II, foram utilizadas 15 vacas da raça Holandês, distribuídas em três grupos de cinco animais cada um. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pelo controle negativo, amitraz a 0,025% e óleo de citronela a 4%. Para avaliação foram contadas fêmeas ingurgitadas de carrapato e moscas antes (média dos dias -3, -2, -1) e após a aplicação dos produtos nos dias 7; 14; 21 e 28. Aos 28 dias, houve necessidade de se reaplicar o amitraz para controlar a infestação com carrapato. A relação entre o número de aplicações foi de 1:2,5 para amitraz e citronela, respectivamente. A eficácia no controle do carrapato foi de 71,8 e 30,9% para o amitraz e óleo de citronela a 4%, respectivamente na média pós-tratamento. Verificou-se baixo controle de moscas no tratamento constituído pelo fitoterápico.
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Trindade, Leonardo Antunes. "Atividade biológica do óleo essencial de Cymbopogon nardus e do fitoconstituinte citronelal sobre cepas de Candida envolvidas com infecções peri-implantares." Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba, 2014. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/6662.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The study aimed to evaluate the biological activity of the essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus and citronellal phytochemical on Candida strains, checking the possible inhibition of adhesion to dental implants and cover screws. Initially, a screening was performed by the disk diffusion technique in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) for the essential oils of Cinnamomum camphora (White Camphor), Melissa officinalis (Lemon Balm), Ocimum basilicum (Basil) and Cymbopogon nardus (citronella), as well as phytochemicals alpha pinene, citral, citronellal and carvacrol. After screening, the essential oil of C. nardus and citronellal were selected because they displayed significant antifungal activity. Then, essential oil was analyzed by Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Subsequently, were determined MIC and MFC of essential oil and citronellal against 12 strains of Candida and tests of inhibition of adhesion to dental implants and cover screws, using the MIC of substances evaluated, followed by analysis on a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Assays were performed in triplicate and chlorhexidine and nystatin were used as positive control. The data were analyzed on the software GraphPad Prism 4. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey s post-test was carried out, with a confidence interval of 95%. The GC-MS analysis of the essential oil identified the major substance as citronellal terpenoid. The essential oil, citronellal, chlorhexidine and nystatin able to inhibit 100% of the strains was 64 μg/mL, 512 μg/mL, 64 μg/mL, 32 μg/mL, respectively. The essential oil inhibited the adhesion of C. albicans in the dental implants and cover screws (p <0.001). Citronellal only inhibited the growth of the strain in dental implants (p <0.001) with no significant results in the cover screws (p> 0.05) compared to the growth control. We conclude that the essential oil of C. nardus and citronellal have antifungal activity and are able to inhibit the in vitro adherence of C. abicans.
O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a atividade biológica do óleo essencial de Cymbopogon nardus e do fitoconstituinte citronelal sobre cepas de Candida, verificando a possível inibição da aderência aos implantes dentários e cover screws. Inicialmente, foi realizado uma triagem por meio da técnica de disco-difusão em Agar Sabouraud Dextrose (ASD), para os óleos essenciais de Cinnamomum camphora (Cânfora Branca), Melissa officinalis (Erva Cidreira), Ocimum basilicum (Manjericão) e Cymbopogon nardus (Citronela), bem como dos fitoconstituintes alfa pineno, citral, citronelal e carvacrol. Após a triagem, o óleo essencial de C. nardus e o citronelal foram selecionados por terem apresentado expressiva atividade antifúngica. Em seguida, o óleo essencial foi analisado por cromatografia gasosa acoplada ao espectro de massa (GC-MS). Posteriormente, foram determinadas a CIM e CFM do óleo essencial e citronelal frente a 12 cepas de Candida e realizados testes de inibição da aderência aos implantes dentários e cover screws, utilizando-se a CIM das substâncias avaliadas, seguida de análise em Microscópio Eletrônico de Varredura (MEV). Os ensaios foram realizados em triplicata e a nistatina e clorexidina foram utilizadas como controle positivo. Os dados foram analisados no software GraphPad Prism 4. Foi realizada uma análise de variância (ANOVA) com pós-teste de Tukey ao nível de confiança de 95%. A análise por GC-MS do óleo essencial permitiu a identificação do terpenoide citronelal como substância majoritária. A CIM do óleo essencial, citronelal, clorexidina e nistatina capaz de inibir 100% das cepas foi 64 μg/mL; 512 μg/mL; 64 μg/mL; 32 μg/mL, respectivamente. O óleo essencial inibiu a aderência de C. albicans nos implantes dentários e cover screws (p<0,001). O citronelal inibiu apenas o crescimento da cepa nos implantes dentários (p<0,001), não apresentando resultados significantes nos cover screws (p>0,05) em relação ao controle de crescimento. Conclui-se que o óleo essencial de C. nardus e citronelal possuem atividade antifúngica e são capazes de inibir a aderência in vitro de C. abicans.
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Toledo, Luciani Gaspar de. "Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (citronela) : prospecção química-biológica do óleo essencial com destaque no estudo de biofilme e controle da candidíase vulvovaginal /." Araraquara, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/192261.

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Orientador: Taís Maria Bauab
Resumo: A candidíase vulvovaginal (CVV) é uma infecção fúngica oportunista que ocasiona relevante problema à saúde da mulher, visto os desagradáveis sintomas desta afecção, somada às dificuldades terapêuticas dos fármacos da prática clínica e ao surgimento de cepas resistentes. Neste sentido, as plantas medicinais associadas a alternativas que melhorem o potencial antifúngico, como o emprego da nanotecnologia, despontam como uma importante fonte no controle e erradicação de infecções fúngicas. Deste modo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade antifúngica do óleo essencial (OE) de Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle, em forma livre e incorporado em microemulsão lipídica (ME+OE) frente cepas ATCC e clínicas de C. albicans, C. glabrata e C. krusei. O OE foi obtido por hidrodestilação. A análise química do OE foi realizada por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrofotômetro de massas (CG-EM). As microemulsões lípidicas (ME) foram desenvolvidas e um diagrama de fases foi construído. A ME e ME+OE foram caracterizados por dispersão de luz dinâmica, análise do potencial zeta, microscopia de luz polarizada, ensaios reológicos, força mucoadesiva e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET). A potencialidade antifúngica do OE e ME+OE foi avaliada pela determinação da concentração inibitória mínima (CIM), concentração fungicida mínima (CFM) por microdiluição, ensaio de interação sorbitol e ergosterol. O ensaio de inibição da formação de hifas de C. albicans em presença de probiótico e p... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is an opportunistic fungal infection that causes relevant problem to woman’s health, due to unpleasant symptoms, difficulties of the therapy and the emergence of resistant strains. In this context, the medicinal plants associated to alternatives that improve the antifungal potential, such as the nanotechnology, is an important source in the eradication and control of fungal infections. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of the essential oil (EO) of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle, free form and loaded into a lipid microemulsion (ME+EO) against ATCC and clinical strains of C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. krusei. The EO was obtained by hydrodistillation. The chemical analysis of the EO was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The lipid microemulsions (ME) were developed and a phase diagram was constructed. The ME and ME+EO were characterized by scattering, zeta potential, polarized light microscopy, rheological assays, bioadhesiveness and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). The antifungal activity of the EO and ME+EO were evaluated by determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) by microdilution, sorbitol and ergosterol assay. The inhibition of C. albicans hyphae formation in presence of probiotic and vaginal pathogen was carried out by transwells® system. Moreover, the coated and clean surfaces were characterized by contact angle... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Cunha, Bruno Guandalini. "Análise in vitro do extrato de citronela (Cymbopogon nardus) e de enxaguatórios bucais comerciais sobre propriedades físicas e microbiológicas de materiais utilizados na confecção de prótese tipo protocolo /." Araçatuba, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151314.

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Orientadora: Aimée Maria Guiotti
Coorientadora: Cristiane Duque
Banca: Marcelo Coelho Goiato
Banca: Margarete Teresa Gottardo de Almeida
Resumo: O uso de soluções enxaguatórias é uma ferramenta no controle de patologias relacionadas ao uso de próteses. A efetividade antimicrobiana e citotoxicidade de alguns enxaguatórios comercialmente disponíveis ainda são questionadas, tornando a fitoterapia uma alternativa a ser pesquisada. Sendo assim, este estudo teve como objetivos: 1) avaliar in vitro a eficácia de formulações à base do extrato de citronela (CN) em biofilmes monoespécie em formação e formado, sobre amostras de resina acrílica ativada termicamente (RAAT) e liga de níquel-cromo (LNC), contaminadas por S. aureus e C. albicans, simulando uma prótese protocolo em meio bucal, em comparação com dois enxaguatórios comerciais sem etanol (LT - Listerine Zero e CHX - Periogard sem etanol); 2) avaliar in vitro a citotoxicidade das soluções em células epiteliais HaCat, simulando o contato com os enxaguatórios por 1 min; 3) avaliar, in vitro, o efeito de enxaguatórios bucais comerciais e da solução teste à base do óleo de CN a 10,9%, na alteração de rugosidade e cor de materiais utilizados na confecção de prótese tipo protocolo, sendo eles: duas marcas de dentes artificiais (DA - Trilux e Vivodent), RAAT e LNC. A alteração de cor da LNC não foi avaliada. Para o primeiro objetivo, após a obtenção da concentração bactericida/fungicida mínima (CBM/CFM) da CN contra S. aureus e C. albicans, foram confeccionadas amostras de RAAT e LNC. A CBM/CFM da CN foi multiplicada por 5x e 10x para a formulação de dois enxaguatórios. As super... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The use of mouthrinses is a tool in the control of pathologies related to the use of prostheses. The antimicrobial effectiveness and cytotoxicity of some commercially available mouthrinses are still questioned, making phytotherapy an alternative to be researched. Therefore, this study aimed: 1) to evaluate in vitro the efficacy of formulations based on the citronella extract (CN) in monospecific biofilms, in formation and formed, on samples of thermally activated acrylic resin (RAAT) and nickel-chromium (LNC), contamineted by S. aureus and C. albicans, simulating a protocol prosthesis in buccal medium, compared to two alcohol free commercial mouthrinses (LT - Listerine Zero and CHX - Periogard alcohol free); 2) to evaluate in vitro the cytotoxicity of solutions in HaCat epithelial cells, simulating contact with the mouthrinses for 1 min; 3) to evaluate in vitro the effect of commercial mouthrinses and the test solution based on the extract of CN at 10.9%, in the alteration of roughness and color of materials used in the manufacturing of protocol type prosthesis; i.e. two tooth marks (DA - Trilux and Vivodent), RAAT and LNC. The color change of the LNC was not evaluated. For the first objective, samples were prepared after obtaining the minimum bactericidal / fungicidal concentration (CBM / CFM) of CN against S. aureus and C. albicans, RAAT and LNC. The CN's CBM / CFM was multiplied by 5x and 10x for the formulation of two mouthrinses. The surfaces of the samples with the biofilm in formation (4 h of adhesion) and formed (24 h) were subjected to the action of solutions based on CN, Periogard alcohol free (CHX) and Listerine Zero (LT). The simulation of mouthwashing was performed at two different moments; the first simulation after the time of adhesion of 4 h (biofilm in formation) and 24 h (formed biofilm), and the second...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Books on the topic "Nardus"

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Campo, Xorge del. Relámpago de nardos. Claves Latinoamericanas, 1987.

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Bilet͡sḱyĭ, P. O. Narbut: Georgiĭ Ivanovich Narbut. "Iskusstvo," Leningradskoe otd-nie, 1985.

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Bilet︠s︡ʹkyĭ, P. O. Narbut: Georgiĭ Ivanovich Narbut. "Iskusstvo," Leningradskoe otd-nie, 1985.

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De nardos y azahares. El Toboso, 2003.

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Woods, Teri. Alibi II: Nard's revenge. Thorndike Press, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning, 2012.

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Sloboda, Rudolf. Narcis. ARS LITERA, 1995.

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Reigosa, Carlos G. Narcos. Edicións Xerais de Galicia, 2001.

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Reigosa, Carlos González. Narcos. Edicións Xerais de Galicia, 2001.

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1886-1920, Narbut Heorhiĭ Ivanovych, ed. Narbut. "Iskusstvo," Leningradskoe otd-nie, 1985.

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Nargis. Kitāb-i Arzān, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Nardus"

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Andropogon nardus." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_623.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Cymbopogon nardus." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_2601.

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Khare, C. P. "Cymbopogon nardus (Linn.) Rendle." In Indian Medicinal Plants. Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70638-2_446.

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Leuschner, Christoph, and Heinz Ellenberg. "Dwarf Shrub Heaths and Nardus Grasslands." In Ecology of Central European Non-Forest Vegetation: Coastal to Alpine, Natural to Man-Made Habitats. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43048-5_6.

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Krahulec, F. "The chorologic pattern of European Nardus-rich communities." In Chorological phenomena in plant communities. Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5508-0_12.

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Rashotte, Ryan. "Narcas y Narcos." In Narco Cinema. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137489241_4.

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Andrews, Anne M., Greg A. Gerhardt, Lynette C. Daws, et al. "Nardil." In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_4397.

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Wild, Gerhard. "Oller, Narcís." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL). J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_13404-1.

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Albarrán-Torres, César. "Netflix’s Narcos." In Global Trafficking Networks on Film and Television. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003024217-7-8.

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Froehlich, Stephan J., Carlo A. Lackerbauer, Guenter Rudolph, et al. "NARES." In Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1240.

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Conference papers on the topic "Nardus"

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Manaf, Mastura Abd, Ana Najwa Mustapa, and Khatimah Mustapa. "Supercritical fluid extraction of Citronella oil from Cymbopogon nardus and its optimization." In 2013 IEEE Business Engineering and Industrial Applications Colloquium (BEIAC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/beiac.2013.6560229.

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Ma’sum, Zuhdi, Donny S. Bhuana, and Mahfud Mahfud. "Kinetics study of microwave hydrodestillation (MHD) fresh and dried Cymbopogon Nardus leaves." In 4TH INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON CHEMISTRY. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0051768.

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Ola, Antonius R. B., Maria Redigunda Niis, Yoseph Sugi, Hermania Em Wogo, Petronela Nenotek, and Maria Agustine E. Nahas. "Essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus from Timor island: Excellent source of geraniol." In 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMISTRY, CHEMICAL PROCESS AND ENGINEERING (IC3PE). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0062187.

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"The Potential of Cymbopogon nardus in the Production of Pulp for Paper Industry." In International Institute of Engineers. International Institute of Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iie.e0715025.

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Zawani Mahabob, Noratikah, Zakiah Mohd Yusoff, Nurlaila Ismail, and Mohd Nasir Taib. "Preliminary Study on Classification of Cymbopogon Nardus Essential Oil using Support Vector Machine (SVM)." In 2020 11th IEEE Control and System Graduate Research Colloquium (ICSGRC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsgrc49013.2020.9232661.

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Rastuti, Undri, Hartiwi Diastuti, Moch Chasani, Purwati, and Rafly Hidayatullah. "Chemical composition and antioxidant activities of citronella essential oil Cymbopogon nardus (L.) rendle fractions." In THE 14TH JOINT CONFERENCE ON CHEMISTRY 2019. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0005685.

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Suaniti, Ni Made, I. Wayan Bandem Adnyana, Manuntun Manurung, and Dewa Ayu Rahma Cyntia Devi. "Study mass spectrometry from virgin coconut oil-‘serai wangi’ (Cymbopogon nardus) by fermented using Saccharomyces cereviciae." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOSCIENCES AND MEDICAL ENGINEERING (ICBME2019): Towards innovative research and cross-disciplinary collaborations. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5125557.

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Sari, AF, W. Manguwardoyo, and I. Sugoro. "Degradasi Ampas dan Serai Wangi Segar (Cymbopogon nardus L) dengan Metode In Sacco pada Kerbau Fistula." In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi Peternakan dan Veteriner. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Peternakan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/pros.semnas.tpv-2017-p.119-125.

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Ermawati, Dian, Raditya Weka Nugraheni, Nia Zuardina, and Meillya Hayyu Saputri. "Formulation and Antibacterial Activity Test of Emulgel Containing Citronella Oil (Cymbopogon Nardus L.) with Variaton of Gelling Agent Carbomer." In The Health Science International Conference. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009130302230227.

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Harismah, Kun, Denny Vitasari, Mahmoud Mirzaei, Ahmad Muhammad Fuadi, and Yanur Hendra Aryanto. "Protection capacity of mosquito repellent ink from citronella (Cymbopogon nardus L.) and clove leaf oils (Syzygium aromaticum) againts Aedes aegypti." In GREEN PROCESS, MATERIAL, AND ENERGY: A SUSTAINABLE SOLUTION FOR CLIMATE CHANGE: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Engineering, Technology, and Industrial Application (ICETIA 2016). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4985468.

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Reports on the topic "Nardus"

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Brinkman, Gregory, Dominique Bain, Grant Buster, et al. The North American Renewable Integration Study (NARIS): A Canadian Perspective. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1804702.

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Brinkman, Gregory, Dominique Bain, Grant Buster, et al. The North American Renewable Integration Study (NARIS): A U.S. Perspective. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1804701.

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Tessensohn, F., W. von Gosen, K. Piepjohn, K. Saalmann, and U. Mayr. Nares transform motion and Eurekan compression along the northeast coast of Ellesmere Island. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/226146.

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Funck, T., H. R. Jackson, I. D. Reid, and S. A. Dehler. Refraction seismic studies in Nares Strait between Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, and northwest Greenland. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/213692.

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Tessensohn, F., W. von Gosen, K. Piepjohn, K. Saalmann, and U. Mayr. Nares transform motion and Eurekan compression along the northeast coast of Ellesmere Island. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/289648.

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von Gosen, W., K. Piepjohn, F. Tessensohn, and K. Saalmann. Eurekan fault tectonics on Judge Daly Promontory and their implications for displacements along Nares Strait. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/289652.

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von Gosen, W., K. Piepjohn, F. Tessensohn, and K. Saalmann. Eurekan fault tectonics on Judge Daly Promontory and their implications for displacements along Nares Strait. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/226150.

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B.D. Kreutzberg, R.L. Ames, and K.M. Hansel. Evaporation and NARS Nitric Acid Mass Balance Summary: 2000--2005. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/876502.

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Calmes, Alan. National Archives and Records Service (NARS) twenty year preservation plan. National Bureau of Standards, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.85-2999.

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Brinkman, Gregory. North American Renewables Integration Study (NARIS): Cooperative Research and Development Final Report, CRADA Number CRD-16-00633. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1818461.

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