Relevant bibliographies by topics / Narwhal Narwhal

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Academic literature on the topic 'Narwhal Narwhal'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Narwhal Narwhal"

1

Laidre, Kristin L., Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen, and Jack R. Orr. "Reactions of Narwhals, Monodon monoceros, to Killer Whale, Orcinus orca, Attacks in the Eastern Canadian Arctic." Canadian Field-Naturalist 120, no. 4 (October 1, 2006): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v120i4.355.

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A Killer Whale attack on Narwhals was observed at Kakiak Point in Admiralty Inlet, Nunavut, Canada, in August 2005. Behavioral responses of both Narwhals and Killer Whales were documented by direct observation. Data collected from Narwhals instrumented with satellite-linked transmitters 5 days prior to the arrival of Killer Whales were used to examine changes in Narwhal movement patterns (e.g., dispersal and clumping) five days before the attack, during the attack, and five days after Killer Whales left the area. A minimum of four Narwhals were killed by 12-15 Killer Whales in a period of 6 hours. Narwhals showed a suite of behavioral changes in the immediate presence of Killer Whales including slow, quiet movements, travel close to the beach (<2 m from shore), use of very shallow water, and formation of tight groups at the surface. These behavioral changes are consistent with Inuit accounts of Killer Whale attacks on Narwhals. During the attack, Narwhals dispersed broadly, the groups were less clumped (standard deviation of inter-whale mean latitudes and longitudes), Narwhal space-use doubled from pre-attack home ranges of 347 km2 to 767 km2 (kernel 50% probability), and Narwhals shifted their distribution further south of the attack site. After the disappearance of Killer Whales, north-south dispersal of Narwhals contracted and was similar to pre-attack levels, total space use decreased slightly (599 km2), yet west-east dispersal remained high. Narwhals were distributed significantly (P < 0.001) more broadly offshore in areas not used before the occurrence of Killer Whales. In general, short-term reactions of Narwhals to Killer Whale presence were obvious; yet normal behavior (as observed from shore) resumed shortly after Killer Whales left the area. Long-term (five day) Narwhal behavioral responses included increased dispersal of Narwhal groups over large offshore areas. This is among the few reports of eyewitness Killer Whale attacks on Narwhals in the high Arctic and is the first time changes in Narwhal behavior have been documented in response to a predation event through the use of satellite telemetry.
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Ames, Audra E., Susanna B. Blackwell, Outi M. Tervo, and Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen. "Evidence of stereotyped contact call use in narwhal (Monodon monoceros) mother-calf communication." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 27, 2021): e0254393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254393.

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Narwhals (Monodon monoceros) are gregarious toothed whales that strictly reside in the high Arctic. They produce a broad range of signal types; however, studies of narwhal vocalizations have been mostly descriptive of the sounds available in the species’ overall repertoire. Little is known regarding the functions of highly stereotyped mixed calls (i.e., biphonations with both sound elements produced simultaneously), although preliminary evidence has suggested that such vocalizations are individually distinctive and function as contact calls. Here we provide evidence that supports this notion in narwhal mother-calf communication. A female narwhal was tagged as part of larger studies on the life history and acoustic behavior of narwhals. At the time of tagging, it became apparent that the female had a calf, which remained close by during the tagging event. We found that the narwhal mother produced a distinct, highly stereotyped mixed call when separated from her calf and immediately after release from capture, which we interpret as preliminary evidence for contact call use between the mother and her calf. The mother’s mixed call production occurred continually over the 4.2 day recording period in addition to a second prominent but different stereotyped mixed call which we believe belonged to the narwhal calf. Thus, narwhal mothers produce highly stereotyped contact calls when separated from their calves, and it appears that narwhal calves similarly produce distinct, stereotyped mixed calls which we hypothesize also contribute to maintaining mother-calf contact. We compared this behavior to the acoustic behavior of two other adult females without calves, but also each with a unique, stereotyped call type. While we provide additional support for individual distinctiveness across narwhal contact calls, more research is necessary to determine whether these calls are vocal signatures which broadcast identity.
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Graham, Zackary A., Eva Garde, Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen, and Alexandre V. Palaoro. "The longer the better: evidence that narwhal tusks are sexually selected." Biology Letters 16, no. 3 (March 2020): 20190950. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2019.0950.

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Once thought to be the magical horn of a unicorn, narwhal tusks are one of the most charismatic structures in biology. Despite years of speculation, little is known about the tusk's function, because narwhals spend most of their lives hidden underneath the Arctic ice. Some hypotheses propose that the tusk has sexual functions as a weapon or as a signal. By contrast, other hypotheses propose that the tusk functions as an environmental sensor. Since assessing the tusks function in nature is difficult, we can use the morphological relationships of tusk size with body size to understand this mysterious trait. To do so, we collected morphology data on 245 adult male narwhals over the course of 35 years. Based on the disproportional growth and large variation in tusk length we found, we provide the best evidence to date that narwhal tusks are indeed sexually selected. By combining our results on tusk scaling with known material properties of the tusk, we suggest that the narwhal tusk is a sexually selected signal that is used during male–male contests.
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Watt, C. A., J. R. Orr, and S. H. Ferguson. "Spatial distribution of narwhal (Monodon monoceros) diving for Canadian populations helps identify important seasonal foraging areas." Canadian Journal of Zoology 95, no. 1 (January 2017): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2016-0178.

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In Canada, narwhals (Monodon monoceros L., 1758) are divided into the Baffin Bay (BB) and northern Hudson Bay (NHB) populations. Satellite tracking of 21 narwhals from BB and NHB provided information on their diving behaviour and was used to identify foraging regions. Previous research from hunted narwhals indicated that narwhals in both populations depend on benthic prey to meet their dietary needs. To evaluate home ranges and define areas important for benthic foraging, we conducted kernel density analysis on narwhal locations and focused on areas where deep diving occurs, as a proxy for foraging, in the winter, spring, and migratory periods. These analyses revealed important areas for foraging for BB narwhals on the summer grounds in Eclipse Sound, and the winter grounds in Davis Strait, as well as on the migratory pathway between regions. Similarly, important areas were identified for the NHB narwhal population in northwestern Hudson Bay in summer, in NHB and Hudson Strait on the migration, and to the east of the entrance to Hudson Strait in the winter. This, along with an analysis of the absolute dive depths, provides information on seasons and regions important for foraging, which is particularly relevant with increasing industrial activities in the Arctic.
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Watt, Cortney A., James Simonee, Vincent L’Herault, Ruokun Zhou, Steven H. Ferguson, Marianne Marcoux, and Sandra Black. "Cortisol levels in narwhal (Monodon monoceros) blubber from 2000 to 2019." Arctic Science 7, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 690–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/as-2020-0034.

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Narwhals (Monodon monoceros Linnaeus, 1758) summering on northern Baffin Island are experiencing increases in vessel traffic related to an iron-ore mine operated by Baffinland Iron Mines Corporation; how this increase in vessel traffic may impact narwhal is currently unknown. Cortisol is a stress response hormone and a stress indicator in marine mammals. This study evaluated cortisol levels in narwhal blubber sampled during subsistence harvests prior to project-related vessel traffic (2000–2006), during project-related vessel traffic (2013–2019), and during a high-stress entrapment event that occurred in 2015. There was a significant increase in cortisol levels from pre- (0.81 ± 0.45 ng/g (±SE)) to during (1.81 ± 0.48 ng/g (±SE)) project-related vessel traffic (over 100% higher), and both were significantly lower than cortisol levels from animals sampled during an entrapment event (10.52 ± 0.59 ng/g (±SE)). Increased vessel traffic, changing ice conditions, altered Arctic food webs, increased predation pressure from killer whales, and cumulative impacts from these sources likely all contribute to increased stress levels for narwhals. Thus, there is a need for continued monitoring of stress responses (i.e., cortisol levels) and other health indicators in narwhals to understand how individual fitness and the population will be impacted over time.
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Laidre, Kristin L., Twila Moon, Donna D. W. Hauser, Richard McGovern, Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen, Rune Dietz, and Ben Hudson. "Use of glacial fronts by narwhals ( Monodon monoceros ) in West Greenland." Biology Letters 12, no. 10 (October 2016): 20160457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0457.

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Glacial fronts are important summer habitat for narwhals ( Monodon monoceros ); however, no studies have quantified which glacial properties attract whales. We investigated the importance of glacial habitats using telemetry data from n = 15 whales tagged in September of 1993, 1994, 2006 and 2007 in Melville Bay, West Greenland. For 41 marine-terminating glaciers, we estimated (i) narwhal presence/absence, (ii) number of 24 h periods spent at glaciers and (iii) the fraction of narwhals that visited each glacier (at 5, 7 and 10 km) in autumn. We also compiled data on glacier width, ice thickness, ice velocity, front advance/retreat, area and extent of iceberg discharge, bathymetry, subglacial freshwater run-off and sediment flux. Narwhal use of glacial habitats expanded in the 2000s probably due to reduced summer fast ice and later autumn freeze-up. Using a generalized multivariate framework, glacier ice front thickness (vertical height in the water column) was a significant covariate in all models. A negative relationship with glacier velocity was included in several models and glacier front width was a significant predictor in the 2000s. Results suggest narwhals prefer glaciers with potential for higher ambient freshwater melt over glaciers with silt-laden discharge. This may represent a preference for summer freshwater habitat, similar to other Arctic monodontids.
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Zhao, ST, CJD Matthews, GK Davoren, SH Ferguson, and CA Watt. "Ontogenetic profiles of dentine isotopes (δ15N and δ13C) reveal variable narwhal Monodon monoceros nursing duration." Marine Ecology Progress Series 668 (June 24, 2021): 163–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13738.

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Stable isotope analysis (SIA) of sequential dentine growth layer groups can be used to estimate the lifetime diet of individuals and infer major ontogenetic shifts such as the completion of nursing. We used SIA of dentine from narwhal Monodon monoceros embedded canine teeth to investigate ontogenetic dietary patterns, with a focus on nursing duration. We also determined whether nursing duration differed between sexes and between 2 periods during which narwhals may have undergone dietary shifts due to warming. Embedded teeth from both sexes were collected near Pond Inlet, Nunavut, Canada, in 1982 and 1983 (n = 17) and 2015 and 2017 (n = 14). Nursing duration ranged from ~2 to ~6 yr, with 60% of narwhals being nursed beyond the previously published estimate of <2 yr. The proportion of individuals nursed <2 yr versus >2 yr did not differ between sexes or periods. This study not only revealed that narwhals vary extensively in their nursing duration, but also indicated that extended nursing (>2 yr) with gradual introduction of solid food over this period was common. These findings provide insights into narwhal life-history strategies, as extended nursing may be another feature of a long-lived, slow-reproducing mammal adapted to unique polar conditions that are threatened by global warming.
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Watt, Cortney A., Claire Hornby, and Steven H. Ferguson. "Trace element and stable isotope analysis elucidate stock structure in a narwhal (Monodon monoceros) population with no genetic substructure." Canadian Journal of Zoology 97, no. 11 (November 2019): 1084–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2018-0307.

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Chemical composition of tissues can act as a biological tag to discriminate among groups of animals that inhabit different areas. In Canada, subsistence hunting of the Baffin Bay narwhal (Monodon monoceros Linnaeus, 1758) population is managed as stocks represented by summer aggregations. However, narwhals are highly mobile and are hunted during the migration while stocks mix. Thus, information that can help managers decipher the stock origin of hunted individuals to prevent overexploitation of animals adapted to particular summering grounds is needed. Stable isotope and trace element analyses were conducted on narwhal skin tissues from five stocks in the eastern Canadian Arctic from 1990 to 2015. Discriminant analysis showed a significant difference between Admiralty Inlet and Eclipse Sound stocks in the summer residency period and both differed from Jones Sound and Somerset Island. During the migration season, there was more overlap and less distinction among stocks, but 75% of animals were classified correctly to their defined stocks in both periods. Together stable isotope and trace element analyses are useful for delineating stocks and could be used to complement other stock discrimination approaches.
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Charry, Bertrand, Emily Tissier, John Iacozza, Marianne Marcoux, and Cortney A. Watt. "Mapping Arctic cetaceans from space: A case study for beluga and narwhal." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 4, 2021): e0254380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254380.

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Emergence of new technologies in remote sensing give scientists a new way to detect and monitor wildlife populations. In this study we assess the ability to detect and classify two emblematic Arctic cetaceans, the narwhal (Monodon monoceros) and beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas), using very high-resolution (VHR) satellite imagery. We analyzed 12 VHR images acquired in August 2017 and 2019, collected by the WorldView-3 satellite, which has a maximum resolution of 0.31 m per pixel. The images covered Clearwater Fiord (138.8 km2), an area on eastern Baffin Island, Canada where belugas spend a large part of the summer, and Tremblay Sound (127.0 km2), a narrow water body located on the north shore of Baffin Island that is used by narwhals during the open water season. A total of 292 beluga whales and 109 narwhals were detected in the images. This study contributes to our understanding of Arctic cetacean distribution and highlights the capabilities of using satellite imagery to detect marine mammals.
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Charry, Bertrand, Marianne Marcoux, and Murray M. Humphries. "Aerial photographic identification of narwhal (Monodon monoceros) newborns and their spatial proximity to the nearest adult female." Arctic Science 4, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 513–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/as-2017-0051.

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Population and species management of long-lived species such as narwhal (Monodon monoceros) require long-term ecological monitoring programs to provide baseline information on population structure and dynamics. The success of such programs is dependent on the repeatability of the methods. Here, we propose a dichotomous key to identify narwhal newborns from aerial photography based on cetaceans’ mother–newborn dyad behavioral and narwhal newborn physical description. The key was tested by three inexperienced observers and one expert observer with interobserver agreement classified as fair according to the Cohen Kappa algorithm and criteria thresholds. This study gives some insight into narwhal-newborn spatial position, showing a predominant number of newborns located in the infant and echelon position.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Narwhal Narwhal"

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Laidre, Kristin L. "Space use patterns of narwhals (Monodon monoceros) in the high Arctic /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5320.

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Reeves, Randall R. "What is a narwhal worth? : an analysis of factors driving the narwhal hunt and a critique of tried approaches to hunt management for species conservation." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39535.

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The hunting of narwhals (Monodon monoceros) has been an important element in the cultural and economic life of indigenous people in the eastern Canadian Arctic and Greenland for centuries. This dissertation explores factors that have motivated the hunters and ways that non-indigenous forces have intervened to restrict hunting activities. Particular attention is paid to commercial (trade) aspects of the hunt and to how these have developed and changed through time. Concern about narwhal conservation first arose during the late 1960s and early 1970s. This concern has focused on a presumed positive correlation between the monetary value of tusk ivory for export and the intensity of hunting by the Inuit. An idealized model of conflict development and resolution is used to facilitate comparisons among six cases, including bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) hunting in Alaska, beluga (Delphinapterus leucas) hunting in southeastern Baffin Island and northern Quebec, dugong (Dugong dugon) hunting in Australia and Papua New Guinea, and narwhal hunting in Canada. These comparisons suggest that the conflict surrounding narwhal-hunt management is in a middle to late phase of development. Also, its commercial dimensions and geographically dispersed markets for products (ivory and maktaq) distinguish the narwhal hunt from the other marine-mammal hunts considered here. The continuing demand for narwhal products necessitates a hunt-management regime that is rooted in scientific knowledge, has legitimacy in Inuit communities, and keeps the kill rate within sustainable bounds.
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Lee, David S. "The ecological and social dynamics of Inuit narwhal foraging at Pond Inlet, Nunavut /." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85182.

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Research over the past several decades on the nature of Inuit hunting of narwhals has focused upon harvesting technologies and the traditional ecological knowledge of modern hunting of the species. However, as much as such work has contributed to our understanding of Inuit and narwhal interaction, less is known about contemporary Inuit hunting behaviour of narwhal. The research presented in this dissertation redresses this gap by providing a detailed behavioural description and analysis of the Inuit narwhal hunting in two critical environments utilized by the Inuit of Pond Inlet---those of the spring floe-edge and the summer open water.
This information and its analysis are presented through three manuscripts. The first manuscript forms the analytical basis of the behavioural description by presenting through the use of a decision flow chart, the parameters that affect narwhal hunting. The second and third manuscript explore different foraging strategies involved in several major decisions the Inuit typically face when pursuing narwhal at the floe-edge (Manuscript Two) and in the open water environment (Manuscript Three). The data pertinent to the major decision factors influencing actions in both environments were obtained through participant observation, supplemented by interviews with hunters and elders.
The main results of this research pertain to the different, but complementary, strategies employed by Mittimatalingmiut (Pond Inlet Inuit) hunters during the floe-edge and ice free seasons, as well as during the transition between the two. Before break-up, the most frequent method employed in floe-edge and outpost camp hunts is an ambush or a sit-and-wait strategy. Interestingly, during the transition between floe-edge and complete open water, Pond Inlet Inuit utilized both sit-and-wait and pursuit hunting strategies to maximize their hunting opportunities.
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Marcoux, Marianne. "Narwhal communication and grouping behaviour: a case study in social cetacean research and monitoring." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=96800.

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Narwhals (Monodon monoceros) are gregarious, toothed whales restricted to the Arctic, where habitats are changing and shipping traffic is increasing. Challenges associated with the remoteness of narwhal populations and the general difficulty of studying deep diving mammals have resulted in a lack of knowledge of narwhal social behaviour, which can only be rectified with intensive, direct and systematic observations. I studied the grouping patterns and vocal behaviour of narwhals using non-invasive methods and developed new statistical tools to analyse the data. The field work was conducted at Bruce Head, a peninsula at the mouth of Koluktoo Bay, Nunavut, during the summers of 2006-2008. Shore-based observations were used to delineate narwhal groups by sex and age class. Narwhals travelled in clusters of 1–25 individuals of mixed sex and age class. Narwhals entered the bay in larger groups than they exited. The coloration of narwhal's backs on photographs was used to estimate their age and investigate their association with individuals of similar age. To analyse these data, I developed statistical methods that examine the distribution of observations in time and their associated characteristics. Using these methods, I found that narwhals form groups with individuals of similar age. The variability and the context of usage of narwhal calls were examined from underwater recordings. Some physical characteristics of narwhal whistles seemed behaviour-specific. Both whistles and pulsed calls might serve in individual- or group-recognition. Finally, given that there is a need for sustained, local monitoring of narwhals, I explored the potential of passive acoustic methods for narwhal monitoring. An automated detector was able to correctly identify narwhal calls in a 25-day continuous recording. There was a correlation between the number of calls manually detected in non-continuous recordings and the number of narwhals observed during the recordings. Non-invasive methods can provide valuable insight into the social organization, communication and movement patterns of large numbers of non-disturbed cetaceans.
Le narval (Monodon monoceros) est un cétacé grégaire arctique dont l'habitat est en train de se modifier rapidement. Les difficultés reliées à l'accès en Arctique et à l'étude des cétacés en haute mer expliquent le manque d'information sur le comportement social des narvals. Dans le cadre de mes études doctorales j'ai étudié les groupes sociaux des narvals ainsi que leur communication vocale en utilisant des méthodes de récolte de données non invasives. De plus, j'ai développé des méthodes statistiques pour l'analyse de ces données. Le travail de terrain s'est déroulé au cours des étés 2006 à 2008 dans la baie Koluktoo, au Nunavut. À partir d'observations faites de la côte, la composition et la taille des groupes de narvals ont été compilées. Les narvals se déplaçaient en groupes de 1 à 25 individus d'âge et de sexe variés et entraient dans la baie en groupes plus nombreux que lorsqu'ils en sortaient. La coloration sur le dos des narvals pris en photo a servi à estimer leur âge et à évaluer la formation de groupe en fonction de ces âges. Pour analyser ces données, j'ai développé des méthodes statistiques qui évaluent la distribution d'observations réparties dans le temps ainsi que des caractéristiques associées à chacune des observations. Cette analyse m'a permis de conclure que les narvals forment des groupes avec des individus d'âges similaires. La variabilité et le contexte de l'utilisation des vocalisations émises par les narvals ont par la suite été étudiés à partir d'enregistrements acoustiques sous-marins. Ainsi, certaines caractéristiques acoustiques des vocalisations semblent associées spécifiquement à certains comportements. De plus, certaines de ces vocalisations pourraient être uniques à chaque groupe. Finalement, j'ai exploré la faisabilité d'un programme de surveillance acoustique à long terme pour les narvals. Les vocalisations des narvals ont été correctement détectées par un détecteur automatique appliqué à un enregistrement continu sur 25 jours. Le nombre de narvals observés visuellement et le nombre de vocalisations entendues durant ces enregistrements non continus étaient corrélés. Ces méthodes non invasives permettent d'étudier l'organisation sociale, la communication et les mouvements cétacés en grand nombre sans les perturber.
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Watt, Cortney. "Narwhal (Monodon monoceros) diet and dive behaviour as an assessment of foraging adaptability with changing climate." Ecosphere, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30138.

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Narwhals (Monodon monoceros) are sentinel species in the Arctic environment and are a vital component for Inuit culture and subsistence. The Arctic is undergoing rapid changes in temperature and sea ice cover and relatively little is known about how this has and will change narwhal foraging behaviour. There are three narwhal populations in the world, the Baffin Bay (BB), Northern Hudson Bay (NHB), and East Greenland (EG) populations; however, foraging behaviour, in terms of dive behaviour and primary dietary components, has really only been investigated in the BB population. Using a combination of stable isotopes, fatty acids, genetic techniques, and satellite tracking technologies I evaluated foraging behaviour in all three of the world’s narwhal populations. I also investigated social structure in the BB population to determine how adaptable narwhals are to a changing and dynamic Arctic environment. Stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) and fatty acids are chemical signatures in the tissues of an organism that can provide long-term information on their diet over varying temporal scales depending upon the tissue. Stable isotope analysis in the three narwhal populations found they forage on different primary prey, suggesting narwhal are adaptable in their preferred prey and that there is potential for them to adjust foraging behavior in the face of changing climate. Dietary changes were also assessed over three decades to determine how sea ice changes have affected narwhal foraging for the NHB and BB populations. Dietary changes were evident and can be attributed to changes in sea ice patterns and an altered migratory pathway for narwhals. An understanding of narwhal social structure is also needed to determine how behaviourally flexible narwhal are in diet and site fidelity. Genetic relatedness and dietary signatures from fatty acids were assessed for an entrapped group to determine if individuals that are closely related forage together, which would support a matrilineally driven social structure where females teach their young foraging strategies, and/or travel and forage together. I found no evidence that narwhals form a matrilineal social group, but they may display a fission-fusion structure, which may be an adaptation to patchy prey distribution in the Arctic. Finally, narwhal dive behaviour in all three populations was investigated to determine if dive behaviour could be used to predict diet. Dive differences among populations did correspond with differences in diet, suggesting that narwhals employ specialized foraging strategies. This has repercussions for their ability to adapt to ecosystem changes. Overall, narwhals may be more flexible in terms of their foraging behaviour than previously believed. However, an increased resilience to changing food webs will not be the only predictor of how narwhals will fare in the face of a changing climate; how they respond to increased industrial activities in their preferred habitats, increased predation from southern predators, and increased competition from southern cetaceans and humans alike, will play an equally large role in how they cope with the future.
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Drieux, Christiane. "Les Inughuit, chasseurs de narvals. Évolution et adaptations des savoirs et savoir-faire dans un environnement en changement." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEP024.

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Cette thèse présente, sous la forme d’une monographie s’appuyant sur plusieurs enquêtes de terrain, les savoirs et savoir-faire des Inughuit, chasseurs de narvals, au nord-ouest du Groenland. À travers une abondante iconographie et par la mise en perspective des pratiques du début du XXe siècle et celles des chasseurs actuels, elle met en lumière la façon dont les Inughuit conjuguent résilience et créativité. Les chasseurs de narvals privilégient des équipements et des kayaks dont la conception, par les capacités et les savoirs qu’elle exige, les relie à leurs ancêtres. En perpétuant la chasse au narval en kayak, ils conjuguent dextérité du geste, virtuosité du corps, attention de l’esprit à l’environnement et aux animaux, avec tradition communautaire. Alors que l’ouverture à la modernité leur donne accès aux véhicules motorisés, les chasseurs pour se rendre sur les lieux de chasse au printemps, chargent leurs kayaks sur des traineaux à chiens. Cette thèse analyse leurs choix et montre la place particulière que les chasseurs accordent au dialogue interspécifique avec les animaux qu’ils considèrent comme doués d’intentionnalité et dotés d’intelligence. Parallèlement cette étude examine l’impact, sur les pratiques traditionnelles, de nouvelles règlementations visant à protéger les narvals dans ce qui leur est une zone de reproduction. Des nécessités économiques et des changements environnementaux imputables au dérèglement climatique, contraignent les chasseurs à se tourner vers d’autres sources de revenus, à s’adapter à d’autres règles inspirées par l’ouverture vers une société de marché et induisent un autre rapport à l’environnement. Ainsi, les chasseurs ont créé une coopérative qui commercialise le mattaaq des narvals qu’ils ont harponnés pendant la saison estivale et les flétans dont ils ont développé la pêche pendant la période de banquise. L’étude menée dans les quatre villages de la région, remarque l’influence de cette évolution sur l’appropriation et la redistribution du gibier capturé, dans une communauté régulée par l’entraide et le partage. Tandis que les Inughuit, dans une démarche alliant créativité et résilience, ouvrent leur monde à la globalisation, la chasse au narval, en étant profondément ancrée dans des relations ancestrales avec l’environnement et les animaux, continue à procurer à la communauté non seulement un accès à la viande et au mattaaq mais aussi un lien avec son passé, une cohésion autour de son héritage culturel, et constitue une pratique spécifique identitaire, porteuse de normes régulatrices
This thesis presents, in the form of a monograph based on several field works, the knowledge and skill of the Inughuit narwhal hunters, in northwest Greenland. Through abundant iconography and by putting into perspective of the practices of early twentieth century hunters and those of current ones, it highlights how the Inughuit combine resilience and creativity. Narwhal hunters favour equipment and kayaks whose design, with the skills and knowledge they require, connect them to their ancestors. By perpetuating narwhal hunting from kayak, they combine dexterity of gesture, extreme physical skills, attention to the environment and the animals, with their community traditions. While opening up to modernity gives them access to motorized vehicles, hunters, to go to the hunting grounds in the spring, load their kayaks on dog sledges. This thesis examines their choice and shows the special place that hunters give to interspecies dialogue with animals they consider to be intentioned and endowed with intelligence. In parallel, this study investigates the impact on traditional practices of new regulations to protect narwhals in what is a breeding area. Economic necessities and environmental changes due to climate modifications, compel hunters to turn to other sources of income, to adapt to other rules inspired by them opening up to a market society and induce a different relationship to the environment. Thus, hunters have created a cooperative that markets the mattaaq of the narwhals they have harpooned during the summer season and halibut whose fishing they have developed during the sea ice season. The study conducted in the four villages of the region, notes the influence of this evolution on the appropriation and redistribution of killed game, in a community regulated by mutual aid and sharing. While the Inughuit, in an approach combining creativity and resilience, open their world to globalization, narwhal hunting, deeply rooted in ancestral relationships with the environment and animals, continues to provide the community, not only access to meat and mattaaq, but also a link with its past, a cohesion around its cultural heritage, and constitutes a specific identity-based practice, bearing regulatory norms
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Matley, Jordan. "The ecology of Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) and interactions with seabirds, seals, and whales in the Canadian Arctic." Springer, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/8868.

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This thesis investigates the foraging of Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) and its predators during the summer in the Canadian Arctic. Findings included the identification of Arctic cod, ringed seal (Pusa hispida), beluga (Delphinapterus leucas), and narwhal (Monodon monoceros) diet shifts in response to seasonal prey availability; calculation of isotopic diet-tissue discrimination factors for Arctic cod, ringed seals, and whales based on local tissue and stomach content sampling; and determination of predatory cues to optimize foraging, such as the presence of schools. Additionally, I quantified seabird feeding and interspecific interactions such kleptoparasitism and found that black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) and northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) captured cod directly but lost many to parasitic jaegers (Stercorarius parasiticus) and glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus). Finally, I determined that schools of cod were important prey sources for northern fulmars, glaucous gulls, and whales however non-schooling cod were a significant source for black-legged kittiwakes and ringed seals.
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Comtesse-Weidner, Pia. "Untersuchungen am Kopf des fetalen Narwals Monodon monoceros : ein Atlas zur Entwicklung und funktionellen Morphologie des Sonarapparates /." Giessen : VVB Laufersweiler, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016298240&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Comtesse-Weidner, Pia [Verfasser]. "Untersuchungen am Kopf des fetalen Narwals Monodon monoceros : ein Atlas zur Entwicklung und funktionellen Morphologie des Sonarapparates / eingereicht von Pia Comtesse-Weidner." Giessen : VVB Laufersweiler, 2007. http://d-nb.info/988756498/34.

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Barber, David G. "Narwhal distribution relative to thermal sea surface temperature boundaries." 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/22396.

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Books on the topic "Narwhal Narwhal"

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Marsico, Katie. Narwhal. Chicago: Heinemann Library, 2012.

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ill, Lim Hwei 1980, ed. Narwhal. Iqaluit, Nunavut: Inhabit Media, 2016.

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Narwhal. Minneapolis, MN: Bellwether Media, 2014.

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Carr, Aaron. Narwhal. New York, NY: AV2 by Weigl, 2016.

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Kingsley, Michael. The narwhal. Ottawa, Ont: Communications Directorate, Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans, 1990.

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Kingsley, Michael. The narwhal. Ottawa: Ministry of Supply and Services, 1990.

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ill, Yum Hyewon, ed. Someday, Narwhal. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2017.

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Wendell the narwhal. Vancouver: Simply Read Books, 2015.

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Canada. Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans. Narwhal: Underwater World. Ottawa, Ont: Minister of Supply and Services Canada, 1990.

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Schuh, Mari C. It's a narwhal! Minneapolis, MN: Lerner Publications, 2019.

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Book chapters on the topic "Narwhal Narwhal"

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Møhl, Bertel, Annemarie Surlykke, and Lee A. Miller. "High Intensity Narwhal Clicks." In Sensory Abilities of Cetaceans, 295–303. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0858-2_18.

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Alsop, Steve, and Justin Dillon. "Encounters with a Narwhal: Revitalising Science Education’s Capacity to Affect and Be Affected." In Navigating the Changing Landscape of Formal and Informal Science Learning Opportunities, 51–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89761-5_4.

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Gaden, A., and G. A. Stern. "Temporal Trends in Beluga, Narwhal and Walrus Mercury Levels: Links to Climate Change." In A Little Less Arctic, 197–216. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9121-5_10.

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Westdal, K. H., P. R. Richard, and J. R. Orr. "Migration Route and Seasonal Home Range of the Northern Hudson Bay Narwhal (Monodon monoceros)." In A Little Less Arctic, 71–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9121-5_4.

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Heide-Jørgensen, M. P. "Narwhal." In Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals, 627–31. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-804327-1.00013-3.

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Heide-Jørgensen, M. P. "Narwhal." In Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals, 754–58. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-373553-9.00177-2.

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"Narwhal (Monodon monoceras)." In The Western Arctic Seas Encyclopedia, 266–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25582-8_140006.

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Nweeia, Martin T., Cornelius Nutarak, Frederick C. Eichmiller, Naomi Eidelman, Anthony A. Giuseppetti, Janet Quinn, James G. Mead, et al. "Considerations Of Anatomy, Morphology, Evolution, and Function for Narwhal Dentition." In Smithsonian at the poles : contributions to International Polar Year science, 223–40. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5479/si.097884601x.16.

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"Paradises Lost: The Voyage of the Narwhal and English Passengers." In Science and Religion in Neo-Victorian Novels, 89–118. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203383230-10.

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Stromer-Galley, Jennifer. "2016." In Presidential Campaigning in the Internet Age, 179–210. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190694043.003.0007.

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The quest for data-driven campaigning in 2012—creating massive databases of voter information for more effective micro-targeting—found greater efficacy and new controversy in 2016. The Trump campaign capitalized on the power of digital advertising to reach the public to engage in unprecedented mass-targeted campaigning. His campaign spent substantially more on Facebook and other digital media paid ads than Clinton. Yet, the company that Trump worked with, Cambridge Analytica, closed up shop in 2018 under a cloud of controversy about corrupt officials and voter manipulation in several countries, as well as ill-begotten data of Facebook users that drove their micro-targeting practices. The Clinton campaign modeled itself on data-driven successes of the Obama campaign, yet the algorithms that drove their decision making were flawed, thereby leading her campaign to underperform in essential swing states. Similar to the Romney campaign’s Narwhal challenges on Election Day when the campaign effectively was flying blind on get-out-the-vote numbers, the Clinton plane was flying on bad coordinates, ultimately causing her campaign to crash in critical swing states.
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Conference papers on the topic "Narwhal Narwhal"

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Li, Jie, Cong Zhang, Zhi Liu, Wei Sun, Wei Hu, and Qiyue Li. "Demo Abstract: Narwhal: a DASH-based Point Cloud Video Streaming System over Wireless Networks." In IEEE INFOCOM 2020 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/infocomwkshps50562.2020.9162937.

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Tretyakov, A. V., A. G. Semenov, and A. M. Kovaleva. "First sighting of narwhals (Monodon monoceros) in the Laptev Sea." In Marine mammals of the Holarctic. Marine Mammal Council, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35267/978-5-9904294-0-6-2019-1-328-331.

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Reports on the topic "Narwhal Narwhal"

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Zevenhuizen, J., and H. Josenhans. 1988 eastern Hudson Bay Nearshore Survey - Ccgs Narwhal - Cruise Report. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/130602.

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Marsters, J. C. Geotechnical Properties of Sediments Obtained During Hudson 86013 At Narwhal F-99 Wellsite. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/130471.

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Pass, D., D. J. W. Piper, and D. C. Campbell. Quaternary geology of the continental slope in the vicinity of the Narwhal F-99 well site. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/211483.

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Laidre, Kristin L., Mads P. Heide-Joergensen, Marianne Rasmussen, Harry Stern, and Mikkel V. Jensen. Behavioral Ecology of Narwhals in a Changing Arctic. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada599078.

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Laidre, Kristin L., Harry Stern, Mads P. Heide-Joergensen, Marianne Rasmussen, and Mikkel V. Jensen. Behavioral Ecology of Narwhals in a Changing Arctic. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada599079.

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Laidre, Kristin L., Harry Stern, Mads P. Heide-Jorgensen, Marianne Rasmussen, and Mikkel V. Jensen. Behavioral Ecology of Narwhals in a Changing Arctic. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada573549.

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Palynological biostratigraphy of the Interval 2320-4570M, Northcor et al., Narwhal F-99, Grand Banks. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/130558.

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