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Sujimon, Mohamad M. B. "The problems of doubtful parenthood (nasab) relating to children in Islamic law." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21559.
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Mohseni, Elaheh. "Les enfants nés par assistance médicale à la procréation : étude comparée des droits français, anglais et iranien." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE3031.
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L’assistance médicale à la procréation, parce qu’elle aboutit à faire naitre des enfants, ne relève pas seulement du domaine de la vie privée ou de l’autonomie de la personne mais s’inscrit profondément dans le cadre de la famille et du droit de la filiation. Cette recherche vise à répondre aux diverses questions liées à la filiation et au statut familial de l’enfant né par les techniques de procréation médicalement assistée à travers une étude comparative des législations en vigueur dans trois pays ayant trois systèmes juridiques différents : le droit français bien connu parmi les pays du droit romano-germanique, le droit anglais comme un système de Common law et le droit iranien comme un système juridique basé essentiellement sur les valeurs et les principes du droit musulman chiite. À travers l’étude comparée de ces trois systèmes juridiques, dont les principes et les méthodes sont a priori très différents, nous analysons la façon dont le droit appréhende des problématiques communes et tente de répondre, in fine, à une même interrogation : qu’est-ce que la parenté aujourd’hui?Il s’agit d'un travail important qui aborde des questions d'une grande complexité tant sur le plan juridique que sur le plan éthique. Sont ainsi abordées, dans une première partie, les questions quant aux principes fondateurs régissant l’assistance médicale à la procréation et les conditions d’accès aux techniques de procréation artificielle notamment en cas d’intervention d'un tiers donneur ou d'une mère porteuse dans le projet parental. Sont ensuite étudiés, dans une deuxième partie, les problèmes concernant le rattachement de l’enfant né par les techniques de procréation artificielle et son statut familial. Les progrès de la technologie de la procréation et l'augmentation de la fluidité et de la diversité de la vie familiale moderne ont conduit à la «parenté» devenant un concept de plus en plus fragmenté. Cette étude nous montre que plus les pays choisissent de s’écarter de la conception traditionnelle hétérosexuelle de la famille nucléaire, plus l’offre des techniques de l’assistance médicale à la procréation est largeSince assisted reproductive technologies result in the birth of children, they do not only fall within the domain of private life or the autonomy of the person, but fall deeply within the framework of the family and the law of legal parenthood. This research aims to answer the various questions related to the parenthood and the family status of the child born by assisted reproductive technologies through a comparative study of the laws in force in three countries with three different legal systems: French law is well known among the countries of Romano-Germanic law, English law as a common law system and Iranian law as a legal system based on the values and principles of Shiite Muslim law. Through the comparative study of three legal systems whose principles and methods are a priori very different, we analyze the way in which the law apprehends common problems and attempts to answer, finally, the same question: what is parenthood today? This is an important work that addresses issues of great complexity both legally and ethically. The first part deals with the fundamental principles governing assisted reproductive technologies and the conditions for access to these techniques, particularly in the case of gamete donation or a surrogacy. Then, in a second part, the problems concerning the parenthood of the child born by the techniques of artificial reproduction and his family status, the place of the intended parents, the donor or the surrogate mother are studied. Advances in reproductive technology and increased fluidity and diversity of modern family life have led to "parenthood" becoming an increasingly fragmented concept. This study shows us that the more the countries choose to deviate from the traditional heterosexual conception of the nuclear family, the more widely assisted reproductive technologies are available
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Robinson, Majied John. "Prosopographical approaches to the nasab tradition : a study of marriage and concubinage in the tribe of Muḥammad, 500-750 CE." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9464.
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This thesis will demonstrate how prosopographical methods can be used to provide a narrative of social change for the Quraysh tribe of Late Antiquity. By applying these methods to records of their marriage behaviour, it will be shown that the pre-Islamic Quraysh led a far more marginal existence than is widely thought, and that in the post- Islamic period they were surprisingly flexible with regard to their marriage practices and ideas on group membership. The first three chapters focus on historiography and methodology. Chapter One introduces the methodological preliminaries that lie at the heart of this research; these concern the nature of the data, the manner in which it is extracted and the way it will be structured within databases. Issues regarding the quality and reliability of the marital records as preserved in the nasab (tr: genealogical) literary tradition are also discussed in this section. Chapter Two provides a historiography of the nasab tradition, paying particular attention to the nature of its emergence and the possible effects of social and cultural contexts on the quality of the marriage data. This provides the groundwork for Chapter Three which focuses more narrowly on the work from which most of our data are extracted – the Nasab Quraysh of al-Zubayrī (d. 851). The remaining five chapters outline how the data within the nasab tradition can be analysed and incorporated into existing secondary scholarship. Chapters Four and Five establish that the data show a rapid rise in concubinage at the same time as the Arab military conquests of the seventh century. This has implications for our current consensus on the nature of marriage and identity in the seventh and eighth centuries. Chapters Six to Eight investigate the marriages made by the Quraysh to Arab women in the sixth to eighth centuries, and will show how practice adapted to context. To conclude, it will be argued that this investigation not only establishes the high quality of the marriage data as preserved in the nasab tradition, but also the enormous potential of prosopographical methods when applied to the study of early Islamic history.
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FIRMANI, FEDERICO. "Il diritto musulmano in Europa: il riconoscimento e la tutela dei rapporti di filiazione." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/799.
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E’ incontrovertibile che oggi l’Italia si trova a dover far fronte in maniera inequivocabile al problema dell’integrazione, nel proprio sistema sociale e normativo, di consuetudini e istituti palesemente in conflitto con la tradizione giuridica locale.
Problema questo conosciuto da decenni da altri Paesi europei. L’immigrazione proveniente dalle parti più distanti del mondo oltre a rendere eterogeneo l’ambiente sociale e culturale, comprendendo nuovi modi di vivere e nuove fedi religiose, potrebbe in un futuro prossimo cambiare profondamente il tessuto sociale.
Possiamo allora analizzare un campione esemplare di tutte queste evoluzioni attraverso lo studio della famiglia, espressione sintetica della realtà sociale.
Crediamo quindi che sia di rilevante interesse lo studio della costituzione di rapporti di filiazione in cui almeno un genitore sia di fede, e di conseguenza di cittadinanza, islamica, e i problemi ad essa connessi, in Italia.
La troppo recente esperienza italiana ci ha portato a vedere, ed in seguito ad analizzare e confrontare, come abbiano affrontato il problema dell’immigrazione islamica i Paesi europei tradizionalmente più esposti a questo fenomeno.
Compiuto un minimo accenno alla disciplina delle norme preliminari al Codice Civile del 1942, corpus normativo essenziale per la soluzione di diverse delle sentenze che commenteremo successivamente, si è dedicata maggiore attenzione alla riforma del sistema di diritto internazionale privato, entrata in vigore con la legge del 31 maggio 1995, n. 218, per addivenire ad individuare come i giudici, tenendo conto delle modifiche introdotte dalla legge di riforma, abbiano dato soluzione alle controversie sorte in tre diversi ambiti: la filiazione, l’educazione e la cittadinanza.The islamic law and the family regulation in Europe. The recognition of filiation in islamic families and their life in Europe. Nowadays Italy is in front of a new fenomenon, the islamic immigration.Several ishues are now posed, others European countries have more confidence with the problem and are solving it with new regulations, we will study the islamic law and their application in France , Germany and England. The main goal of this research is to understand and analyse the Italian siituation.
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Drake-Lee, Adrian. "Nasal polyps." Thesis, University of Bath, 1988. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760576.
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Walker, Rachel. "Nasalization, neutral segments, and opacity effects /." New York [u.a.] : Garland, 2000. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy032/00026420.html.
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Baillie, Neil Alexander. "Modelling nasal airflows." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419445.
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Prado, Priscila Capelato. "Dimensões internas nasais de adultos com obstrução nasal avaliadas por rinometria acústica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61132/tde-27042009-160711/.
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Objetivo: Caracterizar a geometria nasal de adultos com obstrução nasal (ON) decorrente de desvio septal (DS) e/ou hipertrofia de conchas (HC) pela análise de áreas seccionais e volumes de segmentos específicos da cavidade nasal por rinometria acústica. Modelo: Estudo prospectivo. Local de Execução: Laboratório de Fisiologia, HRAC-USP e Ambulatório de Otorrinolaringologia, Hospital Estadual Bauru. Participantes: Trinta pacientes com queixa de ON, de ambos os sexos, idade entre 18-40 anos, apresentando DS+HC (n=24), DS (n=5) ou HC (n=1) ao exame clínico. Variáveis: Foram avaliadas as áreas seccionais correspondentes às três primeiras deflexões do rinograma (AST1, AST2, AST3), suas respectivas distâncias em relação às narinas (dAST1, dAST2, dAST3) e os volumes nos segmentos correspondentes a 1,0-3,2cm (V1), 3,3-6,4cm (V2) e 7,0-12,0cm (V3), antes e após a descongestão nasal (DN), utilizando um Rinômetro Acústico Eccovision. Para fins de análise, calculou-se a soma dos valores das cavidades direita e esquerda. Resultados: Antes da DN, os valores médios (±DP) corresponderam a 0,83±0,23cm2(AST1), 1,66±0,52cm2(AST2), 2,36±0,77cm2(AST3), 2,19±0,20cm(dAST1), 4,01±0,33cm(dAST2), 5,85±0,37cm(dAST3), 2,77±0,51cm3(V1), 6,52±1,99cm3(V2), 26,00±9,62cm3(V3). Esses valores foram significantemente menores (p<0,05) que os definidos para adultos sem ON no mesmo laboratório. A DN causou aumentos proporcionalmente maiores de AST e V no grupo com ON, sugerindo a participação de componente funcional. Foram observados 12 casos com resultados normais, apesar da presença de DS e/ou HC. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos demonstraram, na maioria dos pacientes analisados, significativo comprometimento da patência nasal associado à ON decorrente de alterações estruturais.Objective: To characterize the nasal geometry of adults with nasal obstruction due to septal deviation and/or turbinate hypertrophy by analyzing sectional areas and volumes of specific segments of the nasal cavity by means of acoustic rhinometry. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Laboratory of Physiology, HRAC-USP and Otorhinolaryngology Clinics, Hospital Estadual Bauru. Participants: Thirty patients with nasal obstruction complaints, of both sexes, aged 18 to 40 years, presenting septal deviation+turbinate hypertrophy (n=24), septal deviation only (n=5) or turbinate hypertrophy only (n=1) on clinical examination. Main Outcome Measures: Sectional areas measured at the three main deflections of the rhinogram (CSA1, CSA2, CSA3), their respective distances from the nostrils (dCSA1, dCSA2, dCSA3) and volumes at the 1.0-3.2cm (V1), 3.3-6.4cm (V2) and 7.0-12.0cm (V3) segments were evaluated, before and after nasal decongestion, by means of an Eccovision Acoustic Rhinometer. For analysis, the values from the right and left cavities were added. Results: Before nasal decongestion, mean values (±SD) obtained corresponded to 0.83±0.23cm2(CSA1), 1.66±0.52cm2(CSA2), 2.36±0.77cm2(CSA3), 2.19±0.20cm(dCSA1), 4.01±0.33cm(dCSA2), 5.85±0.37cm(dCSA3), 2.77±0.51cm3(V1), 6.52±1.99cm3(V2), 26.00±9.62cm3(V3). These values were significantly lower (p<0.05) than those set for adults without obstruction at the same laboratory. Decongestion caused CSA and V increases proportionally higher in the group with nasal obstruction, suggesting the involvement of a functional component. Twelve cases presented normal results, despite the presence of septal deviation and/or turbinate hypertrophy. Conclusion: The results showed, in most patients analyzed, significant impairment of nasal patency associated with nasal obstruction due to structural defects.
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Носова, Я. В., and М. Ю. Тимкович. "Determination of nasal resistance according to CT data." Thesis, ХНМУ, 2020. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/13512.
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The principal nasal airflow regime is turbulent, in which the logarithmic velocity profile at typical flow rates is set at about half the length of the nasal cavity. The analysis of the configuration of the nasal cavity showed that the most common local disturbance of the airflow in the nasal passages is the resistance of the "latch" and "turn of the flow" type, caused, as a rule, by the presence of local curvature of the nasal septum.
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Lobb, Edmund G. "Modelling of flow dynamics and nasal function in simplified nasal airways." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11090.
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This work comprises an investigation of the fluid mechanics of nasal airflow, primarily using computational fluid dynamics simulations, though with some flow visualisation experiments. The objective of the work is to provide a basic understanding of the flow phenomena that in turn govern transport and exchange processes in the nasal airways. In keeping with the goal of elucidating the basic fluid mechanics, simplified models of the nasal cavity airway were considered together with two representative realistic models. Computations were performed using a commercially available 3D laminar finite-volume solver (Fluent 6.3.26, ANSYS), for steady and unsteady flow conditions. The reduced models replicate the steady pressure loss vs. flow curve found in realistic geometries, and in the unsteady case, confirm the validity of simple inertance modelling to deduce the form of the pressure-flow loop. By selective inclusion/ exclusion of a simplified middle turbinate, the simulations reveal how the turbinate redirects and controls inspired air. In the absence of the middle turbinate, large scale instabilities were observed in the cavity flow and their strength and distribution were seen to increase concomitant with increasing flow rate. It was further identified that the inclusion of this turbinate reduced large scale flow instability and that flow partitioning was predominantly determined by the impingement of the inspiratory jet on its surface. The consequence of the narrow mean passage width characteristic of the nasal airways is explored by comparing an idealised 2D model with 3D geometries of increasing calibre. A strong interrelationship was found to exist between geometric and flow characteristics. In particular, the narrow width of the normal nasal airways is shown to exert a strongly stabilising effect on the mean flow during inspiration. In 3D, whereas increasing calibre width is associated with a progressive destabilisation of the flow, for the same inspiratory flow rate, there would be a concomitant drop in maximum velocity. The computational results moreover detail the evolution of the time-dependent flow within the simplified anatomies and the instability at the margins of the inspiratory jet are shown to compare well with those found in flow visualisation experiments. In the last part of the thesis, steady modelling of the flow in the anatomically realistic geometries is used to investigate their heat and water exchange capacity as well as the characteristics of particle transport and deposition. These results are related to those found in the idealised models.
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Tjahjono, Richard. "Correlation Between Nasal Mucosal Temperature Change and Perception of Nasal Patency." Thesis, University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/25547.
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Introduction – Nasal airway obstruction (NAO) is a common presentation that remains poorly understood. Recent evidence suggests that nasal mucosal temperature change, rather than airflow detection, is the primary determinant of subjective nasal patency. Thus, this study aims to examine the role of nasal mucosal temperature in the perception of nasal patency using computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
Methodology – Healthy adult participants were recruited. Participants completed Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) questionnaires. A temperature probe was used to measure nasal mucosal temperature at the vestibule, inferior and middle turbinates, and nasopharynx bilaterally. Participants underwent a CT scan of the paranasal sinuses, which was used to create 3D computer models of nasal anatomy to perform CFD analysis of airflow and heat transfer during inspiration.
Results – Eleven participants (6 females, 54.5%) with a median age of 27 (IQR 24; 48) were recruited. No significant differences were seen in mean nasal mucosal temperature measurements obtained from temperature probe and CFD analysis (p = >0.05 for all locations). A statistically significant positive correlation was seen between higher nasal mucosal temperature and unilateral VAS, strongest at the left nasopharynx (Pearson r = 0.62; p = 0.019). A statistically significant negative correlation was seen between peak heat flux obtained from CFD simulations and unilateral VAS, stronger on the right side (Pearson r = -0.29; p = 0.0079). No statistically significant correlations were seen between wall shear stress, inspiratory nasal airway resistance or minimum cross-sectional area with unilateral VAS.
Conclusion – Lower nasal mucosal temperature and higher heat flux within the nasal cavity correlates with a perception of improved nasal patency in healthy individuals. CFD simulations may prove to be a valuable modality in improving the assessment and management of patients with NAO.
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Silva, Daniela Brunelli e. "Há relação entre a posição de decúbito e a presença de desvio septal unilateral?" reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/104128.
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Objetivo: indivíduos com alterações anatômicas estruturais, como desvio septal, tendem a ter piora da percepção de obstrução nasal ao mudar da posição sentada para a deitada. A resistência nasal aumenta no decúbito dorsal e no lado do decúbito lateral. Este estudo tem o objetivo de verificar se pacientes com desvio septal nasal unilateral tem decúbito lateral preferencial. Metodologia: estudo de prevalência realizado no Serviço de Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Indivíduos selecionados responderam a um questionário padrão e ao questionário Nasal Obstruction Septoplasty Effectiveness (NOSE) e após foram submetidos à endoscopia nasal. O resultado da avaliação da videoendoscopia nasal foi comparado de forma cega com a presença de lateralidade preferencial no decúbito e em relação à presença ou não de obstrução nasal unilateral. Resultados: 40 indivíduos selecionados, sendo 20 participantes no grupo sem obstrução nasal e 20 no grupo com obstrução nasal. A concordância interexaminador foi de 0,9 (p <0,01) para estabelecer se havia desvio septal e qual o lado (direita ou esquerda). Pacientes com desvio septal detectados à endoscopia, têm lado preferencial de decúbito (p< 0,01), assim como o lado preferencial tem relação com a presença de obstrução nasal ipsilateral (p<0,01). Conclusão: pacientes com desvio septal unilateral têm preferência pelo decúbito lateral, para o lado da obstrução nasal. São necessários outros estudos que venham confirmar estes achados e estabelecer a preferência de lateralidade no decúbito dos pacientes como um indicativo da presença e impacto da obstrução nasal unilateral.
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Kettunen, Harri J. "Nasal motifs in Maya iconography." Diss., Helsinki : Helsinki University Printing House, 2005. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/hum/renva/vk/kettunen/.
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Ahmed, Shahzada Khuram. "Angiogenesis in the nasal mucosa." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4032/.
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Nasal polyposis is a common disease affecting 2-4% of the general population. The aetiology and pathogenesis are far from clear. Recent publications have suggested up-regulation of several pro-angiogenic factors including VEGF. The aim of this study was to assess and quantify the degree of angiogenesis in nasal polyposis and to determine if angiogenesis was the driving force behind polyposis. We started by developing a novel triple stain to assess remodelling in the nasal mucosa. For the first time we were able to categorically refute the common belief of angiogenesis driven polyposis. We then carried out genomic studies and identified upregulation of genes controlling the cell cycle and apoptosis, suggesting cell turnover is an important part of the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. Our gene expression data was confirmed by TUNEL staining, indicating an increased level of apoptosis in nasal polyp tissue, counterbalancing the increased cell proliferation. Inflammatory genes are also upregulated, however the data collected so far cannot distinguish between different types of inflammatory response. We carried out proteomic studies using the lu minex system but this did not clarify the situation despite using matched samples that were used in the gene array. They highlight the protein differences occurring in the polyps themselves. We have shown chemoattractants for eosinophils & macrophages (which are found in polyps), and significantly in iNOS, which is novel.
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Maepa, Mafotha Charles. "Nasal strengthening in Northern Sotho." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52348.
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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study focuses on the phonological process of Nasal Strengthening in Northern Sotho. It sets out to employ two phonological models to describe the phenomenon in order to determine which model presents the most credible explanation for the phenomenon. The core elements of a classical linear model, the so called SPE model of Transformational Generative (TG) phonology is described and applied to the phenomenon. It is indicated that a number of phonological rules are actually involved in the process as a whole. It is argued that the following rules are in fact involved in the generation of appropriate phonetic outputs: a strengthening rule, a homorganic nasal assimilation rule and a nasal deletion rule. The previously inexplicable /k'/ insertion rule is shown to be nothing more than part of a more general process of glottal stop strengthening. This is indeed a new view with respect to the traditional stance on "vowel strengthening." Although the majority of the sound changes may be accounted for within a TG model, the formalism of the strengthening rule itself unfortunately does not reflect any phonetic explanation for the phenomenon. A second, non-linear, phonological model, i.e. a Feature Geometry model (FG) is described and applied to the same phenomenon. It appears that although the more contemporary FG model presents innovative ideas on the structure of phonological representations and processes, it can not account for the strengthening of voiced fricatives at all. At the most this model seems to be able only to account for voiceless fricatives being strengthened to voiced obstruents. It is clear that none of the models can present a complete and credible account of Nasal Strengthening in Northern Sotho.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie focus op die proses van Nasaalversterking in Noord Sotho. Twee fonologiese modelle word gebruik in die analise van die verskynsel ten einde te bepaal welke model die mees geskik is om 'n geloofwaardige verklaring aan te bied. Die hoofelemente van 'n lineere Transformasioneel Generatiewe (TG) model word beskryf en toegepas in Noord Sotho. Daar word aangetoon dat die proses uit 'n verskeidenheid verwante prosesse bestaan en daar word geargumenteer dat die volgende reels almal 'n rol speel: "n verstekingsreel, 'n homorgane assimilasiereel en 'n nasaaldelesiereel. 'n Vorige onverklaarbare Ik.'/ invoegingsreel word geherinterpreteer as 'n glottale stop versterkingsreel wat nuwe verduidelikings bied vir die sg versterking van vokale. Alhoewel die meeste van die klankwisselinge verantwoord kan word binne 'n TG model, bied die format van die versterkingsreel ongelukkig geen fonetiese motivering vir die proses aan me. 'n Tweede model, die sg Kenmerkgeometrie (KG), is vervolgens beskryf en toegepas. Dit het heel gou geblyk dat hierdie model, ten spyte van baie innovasies, nie in staat is om die versterking van sternhebbende frikatiewe te verantwoord nie. Dit kon slegs 'n sinvolle beskrywing van die versterking van stemlose frikatiewe moontlik maak. Uit hierdie studie blyk dit dat nie een van die twee modelle wat aangewend is 'n volledige en geloofwaardige beskrywing van die verskynsel van Nasaalversterking in Noord Sotho kan aanbied nie.
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Oliveira, Silvia Virginia Tedeschi. "Reconstrução facial forense: projeção nasal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23148/tde-22052010-103133/.
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O nariz, ocupando o terço médio da face, tem marcada influência cognitiva sobre a imagem facial. Constitui-se em grande parte por tecido cartilaginoso, músculos, pele e gordura, perdendo sua forma durante a decomposição cadavérica. A técnica de Reconstrução Facial no restabelecimento da aparência nasal pode influenciar o reconhecimento de um crânio sem identidade atribuível e tem sido alvo de numerosas críticas. Os métodos conhecidos para estimar essa projeção nasal a partir de elementos do crânio carecem de praticidade e reprodutibilidade. Neste estudo, buscou-se relacionar os pontos prosopométricos Rinio ( Rhi - ósseo), Pronasal ( Pn -no tecido mole) e Próstio (Pr ósseo) estudando o ângulo formado pelas retas que os unem, observando-se a possibilidade de sua utilização na determinação do comprimento nasal. Dois examinadores independentes e calibrados mensuraram esse ângulo com o auxílio do programa de análise e processamento de imagens Image J, versão 1.43; diretamente em radiografias cefalométricas selecionadas a partir do acervo de documentações em arquivos digitais de quatro Institutos de Radiologia Odontológica situados na cidade de São Paulo Brasil. Medidas lineares foram tomadas considerando a diferença do valor encontrado para o ângulo proposto e o valor hipotético de 90.00 graus. A amostra foi constituída por 600 radiografias laterais da cabeça (300 de indivíduos do sexo masculino com idade entre 24 e 77 anos e 300 do sexo feminino, com idade de 24 a 69 anos). Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se o programa Microsoft Office Excel 10.0. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que os valores referentes às mensurações de ambos examinadores foram muito próximos a uma relação linear perfeita (r=0.99). Ambos os sexos apresentaram a mesma distribuição de idades nas amostras. O ângulo proposto Rinio-Pronasal-Próstio apresentou valores entre 80.00° e 100.00° em ambos os sexos e para todas as idades. No sexo masculino, a distribuição da variável ângulo foi mais simétrica, centrada em 90.88 graus, enquanto no sexo feminino existiu uma maior freqüência de valores maiores ou iguais a 90.00 graus, com média de 92.89°. Para as medidas lineares a maior freqüência relativa na amostra feminina foi de 0.31 mm e na masculina 0.32 mm, ou seja, cada grau de diferença entre o ângulo real mensurado e o ângulo sugerido de 90.00° correspondeu em medida linear a aproximadamente 0.31 mm. Sendo os pontos prosopométricos Rinio e Próstio de fácil localização no crânio, o cruzamento das retas que passam por esses pontos determinam o ponto Pronasal como vértice desse ângulo. Diante dos resultados obtidos, considerou-se possível a utilização do valor de 90.00° para o ângulo Rhi-Pn-Pr na determinação da projeção nasal em brasileiros adultos.The nose, occupying the middle third of the face, has a marked cognitive influence on facial image. It consists largely of cartilage tissue, muscles, skin and fat, and loses its shape during cadaveric decomposition. The technique of facial reconstruction to restore nasal appearance can influence the recognition of a skull that has no assignable identity and has been the subject of much criticism. The known methods of estimating nasal projection using elements of the skull are lacking in practicality and reproducibility. In this study, we attempted to relate the prosopometric points Rhinion (Rhi, bone), Pronasale (Pn, soft tissue) and Prosthion (Pr, bone) by studying the angle formed by straight lines that connect them, noting the possibility of its use in determining the length of the nose. Two independent and calibrated examiners measured this angle with the help of analysis and image processing software, Image J, version 1.43, directly from cephalometric radiographs, which had been selected from a collection of documentation from the digital archives of four Dental Radiology institutes, located in São Paulo Brazil. Linear measurements were taken by taking into consideration the difference of the value found for the proposed angle and the hypothetical value of 90.00 degrees. The sample consisted of 600 lateral radiographs of the head (of 300 males aged between 24 and 77 years and 300 females, aged 24 to 69 years). The data were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel 10.0. The results showed that the values for the measurements of both investigators were very close to a perfect linear relationship (r = 0.99).Both gender had the same age distribution. The proposed Rhinion-Pronasale-Prosthion angle varied from 80.00° to 100.00° in both genders and all ages. In males, the distribution of the angle was more symmetrical, centered at 90.88 degrees, while in females there was a higher frequency of values greater than or equal to 90.00 degrees, with a mean of 92.89°. For the linear measurements, the highest relative frequency of the female sample was 0.31 mm and for the male sample it was 0.32 mm that is, each degree of difference between the actual measured angle and suggested one of 90.00° corresponded to the linear measure of about 0.31 mm. Because the Rhinion and Prosthion prosopometric points are easy to find in the skull, the crossing of lines that pass through these points determine the Pronasale point as the apex of the angle. Considering the results obtained, it was possible to use the value of 90.00° for the angle Rhi-Pn-Pr in order to determine nasal projection in Brazilian adults.
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Qi, Yingyong. "Acoustic features of nasal consonants." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1346257125.
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Menegat, Fabiano 1975. "Avaliação dos sintomas de obstrução nasal com uso da escala NOSE após expansão rápida da maxila cirurgicamente assistida." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290203.
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Orientadores: Valfrido Antonio Pereira Filho, Márcio de MoraesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Este estudo avaliou prospectivamente os sintomas de obstrução nasal em pacientes submetidos à expansão rápida da maxila cirurgicamente assistida (ERMCA) usando a escala NOSE (Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation). Foram estudados dezesseis pacientes (idade média 31 ± 7,7 anos), dez mulheres e seis homens, que necessitaram de ERMCA. Os pacientes receberam no pré-operatório, aparelhos do tipo Hyrax e os procedimentos de ERMCA foram executados pela técnica de Kraut (1984), sob anestesia geral. O questionário (NOSE) foi aplicado no pré-operatório e aos seis meses de pós-operatório e os resultados foram comparados. Os resultados para cada indicador foram obtidos em uma escala que variou de 0 a 4 e multiplicados por 5, gerando uma escala de 0 a 100. Os dados foram estratificados de acordo com os índices NOSE e a obstrução nasal foi categorizada como LEVE (0 a 25), MODERADA (26 a 50) e GRAVE (> 50). Os dados foram submetidos ao tratamento estatístico utilizando-se o pacote estatístico SAS®, e o teste de Wilcoxon foi utilizado para comparação entre os grupos, com nível de significância de 5%. Todos os pacientes mantiveram ou melhoraram dos sintomas de obstrução nasal seis meses após a ERMCA, quando avaliados por meio da escala NOSE. Concluiu-se que a avaliação por meio da escala NOSE demonstrou que a ERMCA pode melhorar a sintomatologia de obstrução nasal
Abstract: This study prospectively assessed nasal obstruction symptoms in patients submitted to surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) using the NOSE (Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation) scale. Sixteen patients were included (mean age 31 ± 7,7 years), ten women and six men, who needed SARME. All patients received Hyrax type devices in the preoperative period and SARME was performed by the Kraut¿s technique (1984). The NOSE scale was used to prospectively assess nasal obstruction symptoms. Results were recorded for each score in a scale ranging from 0 to 4 and multiplied by 5, generating a scale from 0 to 100. Data were stratified according NOSE scores and nasal obstruction was categorized as MILD (0 to 25), MODERATE (26 to 50) and SEVERE (> 50). The questionnaire was applied in preoperative period and after six months and results compared. Records were statistically analyzed using SAS¿ statistical pack. The Wilcoxon test was employed for comparison between groups with a significance level of 5%. All patients maintained or improved of nasal obstruction symptoms six months after SARME when evaluated with NOSE scale. In conclusion, maxillary expansion may improve nasal obstruction symptoms
Mestrado
Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Faciais
Mestre em Clínica Odontológica
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Brinckmann, Carlos Alberto Carvalho. "Efeito da recuperação do fluxo aéreo nasal sobre o tecido erétil nasal após a adenoidectomia." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/12055.
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A rinite do desuso (RD) foi inicialmente observada em pacientes laringectomizados. Nestes pacientes encontravam-se cornetos nasais edemaciados e, por vezes, violáceos sem a presença de história de rinopatias ou mesmo de outras situações que justificassem tais alterações1. O fator desencadeante seria a mudança da respiração nasal pela respiração via traqueostoma. A restrição da mucosa nasal às variações cíclicas de temperatura e umidade e o comprometimento do clearance mucoso pela ausência de fluxo aéreo nasal (FAN) desencadeariam uma reação vasomotora com perda do tônus vascular acarretando engurgitamento dos cornetos nasais. Em 1970, Frank N. Ritter foi o primeiro a sugerir a ocorrência do mesmo fenômeno em crianças com obstrução importante por hiperplasia de adenóides2. Porém, nesta época não havia recursos confiáveis o suficiente para a confirmação desta hipótese. A avaliação da patência nasal é conhecida por sua complexidade. A história clínica e exame das fossas nasais não são suficientes para objetivar satisfatoriamente modificações da congestão nasal. Nas últimas duas décadas, a rinometria acústica (RA) foi validada e vem sendo empregada no estudo de doenças e tratamentos nasais, principalmente da congestão da mucosa em diferentes situações 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14. Trata-se de um exame rápido, não invasivo e que necessita pouca colaboração do examinado15. O exame calcula áreas de secção transversal (AST) em diferentes pontos da cavidade nasal, providencia uma curva áreadistância, localizando os sítios de maior estreitamento, chamados de área de secção transversal mínima (ASTM). Outro dado fornecido pela RA é o volume nasal. 7, 8, 16, 17. OBJETIVO: Este estudo propôs demonstrar o efeito sobre o tecido erétil nasal acarretado pela recuperação do fluxo nasal em pacientes submetidos à adenoidectomia. Recorreu-se a RA por ser um exame complementar prático para execução em crianças e por aumentar a objetividade na avaliação da permeabilidade nasal, principalmente, nas mudanças da congestão da mucosa nasal. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Foram selecionadas 21 crianças com diagnóstico de obstrução nasal importante e indicação exclusiva de adenoidectomia. Rinometria acústica foi coletada antes e 90 dias após o procedimento cirúrgico. Utilizaram-seos valores do volume da região limitada aos cornetos nasais. RESULTADOS: O volume nasal correspondente à região dos cornetos passou de 6,03cm³ no pré-operatório para 6,99cm³ no pós-operatório, representando um aumento de 16% nesta área (P< 0,05). Nos modelos de regressão linear e logística múltipla, nenhum fator testado interferiu significativamente na associação principal. CONCLUSÃO: Estudos anteriores utilizaram a RA no seguimento de crianças submetidas a cirurgias nasais e tiveram resultados variados, provavelmente devido às diferenças amostrais, às variações na técnica e na aparelhagem empregadas e a diferentes escolhas de dados a serem analisados no rinograma. Uma vez que a proposta do estudo foi observar o comportamento do tecido erétil da mucosa nasal com a recuperação do FAN, diferente de outros estudos, analisamos apenas o volume da região localizada entre 2,20cm e 5,40cm de profundidade nasal antes da vasoconstrição. Em crianças da faixa etária estudada, a cabeça do corneto nasal inferior localiza-se após os 2 cm de profundidade nasal, e as adenóides, após 6,5cm. 6,21-22 Como o único estímulo para a mudança do tecido erétil foi a recuperação do fluxo nasal, os autores concluem que a adenoidectomia influenciou favoravelmente no comportamento dos cornetos.
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Esposito, Marco [Verfasser], Nassir [Akademischer Betreuer] Navab, Nassir [Gutachter] Navab, and Lena [Gutachter] Maier-Hein. "Seamless Intraoperative Robotic Imaging / Marco Esposito ; Gutachter: Nassir Navab, Lena Maier-Hein ; Betreuer: Nassir Navab." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1211086968/34.
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Connel, Diane Carol 1962. "Influence of exercise intensity and nasal flow resistance on activities of human nasal dilator muscles." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278156.
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Ten healthy subjects exercised on a cycle ergometer at 60, 120, and 150-180 W while breathing nasally. Nasal inspiratory flow, nasal dilator muscle (alae nasi; A.N.) EMG activities, and alveolar CO₂ and O₂ were measured at rest and at each work rate. On separate days six of the subjects exercised at 30-60, and 60-120 W while nasal airway resistance was measured by anterior rhinomanometry. In both protocols, 12-15 breaths of a He:O₂ (79:21%) gas mixture were substituted surreptitiously for air under each condition. He:O₂ breathing resulted in a decrease in flow turbulence and intranasal pressure, and therefore, resistance, as indicated by lower calculated Reynold's numbers. He:O₂ evoked an increase in nasal inspiratory flow, and reductions in nasal pressure and A.N. EMG activities (25-50%) at each work rate. These results suggest that A.N. EMG during exercise is controlled by increases in intranasal pressure, not by nasal flow. Thus, the data suggest that sensory information from pressure sensitive nasal receptors in the nasal lumen serve to modulate A.N. EMG activities during exercise.
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Носова, Я. В., Е. А. Чугринова, Фарук Хушам, and Т. В. Носова. "Analysis of Rhinomanometric Data in the Diagnosis of Rhonchopathy." Thesis, RS Global S. z O.O, 2018. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/6894.
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The peculiarity of the rhinomanometric method for testing the softness of the muscle in the muscular tone is that, with an increased secretion in the nasal cavity, there is a significant dephasing between the pressure and airflow signals in the respiratory cycle to a quarter of the period, which makes it difficult both for automatic and for interactive determination of the effective values of the measured values.
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Utiyama, Daniela Mitiyo Odagiri. "Efeitos do tabagismo e da cessação do tabagismo nos mecanismos de defesa de via aérea, propriedades do muco e inflamação nasal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5170/tde-19062017-124945/.
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O tabagismo é um problema mundial de saúde pública e é considerado a principal causa de morte evitável no mundo associado com câncer de pulmão, doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica e infarto agudo do miocárdio. O tabagismo induz alterações morfológicas e funcionais no sistema respiratório. O transporte mucociliar (TMC) é um dos principais mecanismos de defesa do sistema respiratório que pode ser alterado com a fumaça e outros produtos do cigarro. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do tabagismo e da cessação do tabagismo no TMC nasal, nas propriedades do muco e sobre marcadores inflamatórios. Trinta e três indivíduos tabagistas foram incluídos no estudo após concordância com o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. O recrutamento de voluntários foi realizado na Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP) e no Ambulatório de Cessação do Tabagismo da Disciplina de Pneumologia do Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP. As variáveis desfecho foram o TMC nasal analisado por meio do teste de trânsito da sacarina, as propriedades do muco por meio do ângulo de contato e da transportabilidade da tosse por alto fluxo e a quantificação de células inflamatórias e concentração de interleucinas (IL)-6 e IL-8 em lavado nasal. Vinte cessadores (idade média: 51 anos, 9 do sexo masculino) foram avaliados no tempo basal do estudo, 1o mês, 3o mês e 12o mês de cessação do tabagismo e 13 tabagistas (média de idade: 52 anos, 6 do sexo masculino) foram avaliados no tempo basal e 12 meses após o basal. As características demográficas, hábito tabágico inicial e morbidades de tabagistas e de cessadores foram similares. No tempo basal do estudo, os tabagistas e cessadores apresentaram disfunção do TMC nasal (17,9 ± 10,1 min e 17,4 ± 7,7 min, respectivamente, p=0,880). A cessação do tabagismo induziu melhora significativa do TMC nasal no 1o mês, 3º mês e 12o mês em 63%, 76% e 85% dos indivíduos, respectivamente. Somente aos 12 meses, foi possível observar melhora na transportabilidade do muco por alto fluxo (~ 23%), porém com aumento do número de macrófagos (2x) em lavado nasal. Não observamos alterações no ângulo de contato do muco e nas concentrações de citocinas em lavado nasal. Concluímos que a cessação do tabagismo induz melhora rápida no TMC nasal, porém melhora nas propriedades do muco foi observada somente após 12 meses de cessação do tabagismoSmoking is a health problem in the world. It is considered a main cause of preventable death and is associated with lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and myocardium infarction. Smoking induces morphological and functional changes in the respiratory system. Mucociliary clearance (MCC) is one of the main defense mechanisms of the respiratory system that can be affected by smoke and other cigarette products. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of smoking and smoking cessation on nasal MCC, mucus properties and inflammatory biomarkers. Thirty three smokers were included in this study after agreement with the written informed consent. Subject´s recruitment was performed at Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP) and Ambulatório de Cessação do Tabagismo da Disciplina de Pneumologia do Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP. The outcome variables were nasal MCC evaluated by saccharin transit test, mucus properties using contact angle and mucus transportability by high airflow and quantification of inflammatory cells number and interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in the nasal lavage fluid. Twenty volunteers in the smoking cessation program (mean age: 51 years, 9 male) were assessed at baseline, month 1, month 3 and month 12 after of the smoking cessation and 13 smokers (mean age: 52 years, 6 male) were assessed at baseline and 12 months after baseline. Demographic characteristics, smoking history and morbidities were similar between the two groups. At baseline, smokers showed impaired nasal MCC (17.9 ± 10.1 min and 17.4 ± 7.7 min, respectively, p=0.880). Smoking cessation significantly improved nasal MCC at 1 month, 3 months and 12 months in 63%, 76% and 85% of the subjects, respectively. Only after 12 months of smoking cessation, improvement in mucus transportability by high airflow (~ 23%) was observed, however, with increased number of macrophages (2-fold) in nasal lavage fluid. No changes were observed in mucus contact angle and cytokines concentrations in nasal lavage fluid. We concluded that smoking cessation induces rapid improvement in nasal MCC, however, improvement in mucus properties were observed only after 12 months of smoking cessation
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Azimi, Mandana. "EVALUATION OF THE REGIONAL DRUG DEPOSITION OF NASAL DELIVERY DEVICES USING IN VITRO REALISTIC NASAL MODELS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4780.
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The overall objectives of this research project were i) to develop and evaluate methods of characterizing nasal spray products using realistic nasal airway models as more clinically relevant in vitro tools and ii) to develop and evaluate a novel high-efficiency antibiotic nanoparticle dry powder formulation and delivery device. Two physically realistic nasal airway models were used to assess the effects of patient-use experimental conditions, nasal airway geometry and formulation / device properties on the delivery efficiency of nasal spray products. There was a large variability in drug delivery to the middle passages ranging from 17 – 57 % and 47 – 77 % with respect to patient use conditions for the two nasal airway geometries. The patient use variables of nasal spray position, head angle and nasal inhalation timing with respect to spray actuation were found to be significant in determining nasal valve penetration and middle passage deposition of Nasonex®. The developed test methods were able to reproducibly generate similar nasal deposition profiles for nasal spray products with similar plume and droplet characteristics. Differences in spray plume geometry (smaller plume diameter resulted in higher middle passage drug delivery) were observed to have more influence on regional nasal drug deposition than changes to droplet size for mometasone furoate formulations in the realistic airway models.
Ciprofloxacin nanoparticles with a mean (SD) volume diameter of 120 (10) nm suitable for penetration through mucus and biofilm layers were prepared using sonocrystallization technique. These ciprofloxacin nanoparticles were then spray dried in a PVP K30 matrix to form nanocomposite particles with a mean (SD) volume diameter of 5.6 (0.1) µm. High efficiency targeted delivery of the nanocomposite nasal powder formulation was achieved using a modified low flow VCU DPI in combination with a novel breathing maneuver; delivering 73 % of the delivered dose to the middle passages. A modified version of the nasal airway model accommodating Transwell® inserts and a Calu-3 monolayer was developed to allow realistic deposition and evaluation of the nasal powder. The nanocomposite formulation was observed to demonstrate improved dissolution and transepithelial transport (flux = 725 ng/h/cm2) compared to unprocessed ciprofloxacin powder (flux = 321 ng/h/cm2).
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Bui, Linda Mai [Verfasser], Nassir [Akademischer Betreuer] Navab, Nassir [Gutachter] Navab, and Ales [Gutachter] Leonardis. "Regression Optimization for Camera Localization / Linda Mai Bui ; Gutachter: Nassir Navab, Ales Leonardis ; Betreuer: Nassir Navab." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1230061053/34.
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Teixeira, Rodrigo Ubiratan Franco 1977. "Avaliação do Peak Flow nasal inspiratório como método objetivo de mensuração do fluxo de ar nasal." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309218.
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Orientador: Everardo Andrade da CostaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: Para a avaliação objetiva da patência nasal são utilizados a rinometria acústica, rinomanometria e o peak flow nasal inspiratório (PFNI). Estes exames, com exceção do PFNI, são dispendiosos e complexos. Para utilização na Medicina do Trabalho e mesmo na prática clínica diária, faz-se necessário um método de mensuração simples, rápido, de baixo custo e confiável. Atualmente, os estudos tendem a correlacionar métodos que reúnem estas características, com aqueles métodos já bem documentados. Objetivos: comparar os resultados do PFNI com achados da Escala Analógica Visual (EVA), antes e após o uso de vasoconstritor nasal em indivíduos assintomáticos. Em um segundo momento, avaliar o PFNI entre indivíduos saudáveis e com queixas nasais obstrutivas. Forma de estudo: Artigo 1: Estudo de coorte em que a variável em questão é a ralação entre o PFNI e a EVA para obstrução nasal antes e após vasoconstrição nasal em indivíduos saudáveis; Artigo 2: Estudo transversal, em que a variável estudada é o comportamento do PFNI em uma população de indivíduos sem e com queixas nasais obstrutivas. Métodos: Dissertação realizada em formato alternativo composta de dois artigos. No primeiro foi feito uma correlação entre o resultado do PFNI e EVA antes e após vasoconstrição nasal de uma amostra de 60 sujeitos saudáveis. No segundo artigo foram avaliados 78 sujeitos com e sem sintomas nasais obstrutivos. Ambos estudos tiveram alocação de sujeitos de forma não randomizada. Resultados: No teste de regressão linear simples, o PFNI mostrou resultados significantes para obstrução nasal, rinorréia, prurido, espirros e lacrimejamento (p<0,001) e não apresentou significância para desvio de septo nasal (p=0,561). Encontrou-se uma correlação positiva entre PFNI e a pesquisa através da EVA (p<0,001). Houve significância estatística entre os valores encontrados no PFNI com rinite alérgica e idade (p=0,005 e p=0,023 respectivamente). O valor médio encontrado para EVA pré vasoconstrição foi de 4,1 e 2 após a vasoconstrição (variação de 44%). Em relação ao PFNI, a média encontrada foi de 151l/mim e de 178l/mim antes e após a vasoconstrição (variação de 20%). Conclusão: O PFNI mostrou ser um método confiável para detecção das alterações da patência nasal, tanto por causas obstrutivas quanto inflamatórias, com um nível de significância estatística aceitável. Apresentou forte correlação com a EVA, que é um método subjetivo muito utilizado para mensuração da obstrução nasal. É simples, fácil de manusear, pouco dispendioso e reprodutível. Por estas características descritas, pode ser usado como exame de triagem em Medicina do Trabalho. Entretanto, estudos com amostras maiores serão necessários para a normatização e sua utilização em massa
Abstract: For the objective assessment of nasal patency are used to acoustic rhinometry, rhinomanometry and nasal inspiratory peak flow (PFNI). These tests, except PFNI, are expensive and impractical. For use in occupational medicine and even in daily clinical practice, it is necessary a method for measuring simple, fast, inexpensive and reliable. Currently, studies tend to correlate methods that meet these characteristics, with other methods already well documented. Objectives: compare the results with findings PFNI EVA before and after using a nasal vasoconstrictor. In a second step, to evaluate the PFNI between healthy and obstructive nasal symptoms for allergic rhinitis. Study design: Article 1: A cohort study in which the variable is to determine the relationship between EVA Visual Analogue Scale) and PFNI for nasal obstruction before and after using a nasal vasoconstrictor. Article 2: A cross-sectional study in which the variable is the behavior of PFNI in a population of individuals. Methods: Essay held in alternate format consists of two articles. In the first article, was made a correlation between the result of PFNI and VAS before and after nasal vasoconstriction of a sample of 60 subjects. In the second article, was involve 78 subjects with and without symptoms of rhinitis. Both studies had allocation of subjects in a non-randomized. Results: In simple linear regression, the PFNI showed significant results for nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, itching, sneezing and watery eyes (p<0.001). There was also a correlation between the presence of nasal septal deviation and PFNI (p=0.561). We found a positive correlation, the Spearman test between PFNI and research through the VAS (p<0.001). There was no statistical significance between the values found in PFNI with allergic rhinitis and age (p=0.005 and p=0.023 respectively). The mean value for VAS pre vasoconstriction was 4.1 and 2 after vasoconstriction. This represented a 44% variation between measurements. Regarding the values of PFNI, the average found in the pre measure vasoconstriction was 151l/min and 178l/min after vasoconstriction, an increase of 20%. At the moment pre vasoconstrictor, the change of a point on the average VAS represents a decrease of 3.8% in the average PFNI. In the post, each one point increase in the average value of EVA, corresponds to a decrease of 4.5% on average PFNI. Conclusion: The PFNI proved to be a reliable method for detecting larger studies are needed for a proper understanding of the method and its widespread use. changes in nasal patency by both inflammatory and obstructive causes, with an acceptable level of statistical significance, simple, easy to handle, inexpensive and reproducible. Showed strong correlation with the EVA, which is a very subjective method used to measure the nasal obstruction. Due to its characteristics described, can be used as a screening test in occupational medicine. However, larger studies are needed for a proper understanding of the method and its widespread use
Mestrado
Epidemiologia
Mestre em Saude Coletiva
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Glocker, Benjamin M. [Verfasser], Nikos Akademischer Betreuer] Paragios, and Nassir [Akademischer Betreuer] [Navab. "Random Fields for Image Registration / Benjamin M. Glocker. Gutachter: Nikos Paragios ; Nassir Navab. Betreuer: Nassir Navab." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1014329884/34.
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Gardiazabal, Schilling José Francisco [Verfasser], Nassir [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Navab, and Sibylle [Gutachter] Ziegler. "Robotic freehand SPECT Imaging / José Francisco Gardiazabal Schilling ; Gutachter: Nassir Navab, Sibylle Ziegler ; Betreuer: Nassir Navab." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1141904624/34.
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Roodaki, Hessam [Verfasser], Nassir [Akademischer Betreuer] Navab, Nassir [Gutachter] Navab, and Christian [Gutachter] Hansen. "Introducing Extended Reality to Ophthalmic Surgery / Hessam Roodaki ; Gutachter: Nassir Navab, Christian Hansen ; Betreuer: Nassir Navab." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1213026164/34.
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Ludlow, Jennifer C. "Does nasal decongestion affect nasalance scores?" abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1442849.
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Hörschler, Ingolf. "Numerical analysis of nasal cavity flows." Aachen Shaker, 2007. http://d-nb.info/988058022/04.
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Hörschler, Ingolf. "Numerical analysis of nasal cavity flows /." Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016470483&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Rosenthall, Samuel. "The phonology of nasal-obstruent sequences /." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59291.
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This thesis presents an analysis of the phonological processes that affect contiguous nasal and obstruent segments. These phonological processes include voice, manner and place assimilation as well as deletion and coalescence. The goal of this thesis is to account for these seemingly disparate processes by introducing universal constraints on the representation of segments in non-linear phonology. Deriving these processes from the principles of a theory of representation is beneficial because such an analysis is not possible in a theory that appeals only to rules. The result is a theory of phonology with greater explanatory adequacy than a theory that relies on rules.Chapter 1 contains a review of the history of the representation of segments and the representation of assimilation as well as a discussion of the theoretical assumptions used throughout the thesis. Chapter 2 contains a discussion of the phonological processes as they occur during the formation of prenasalized consonants. These processes are shown to be triggered by the representation of prenasalized consonants and a theory of underspecification. Chapter 3 proposes an analysis of the universal characteristics of nasal-obstruent place assimilation which is then extended to explain some universal properties of consonantal assimilation in general.
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Calderon-Zapatal, Moises Antonio. "The nasal epithelium, atopy and inflammation." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286273.
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Hanna, B. C. "Virtual nasal surgery : proof of concept." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437884.
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Davies, A. M. "Experimental studies on nasal electromyographic activity." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376425.
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Lin, Yen-Hwei. "Nasal Segments in Taiwanese Secret Languages." Department of Linguistics, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/227232.
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Language games have fascinated linguists in that they can provide unusual insight into the grammars of languages. The evidence provided by the study of a language game has usually been used by linguists to argue for certain phonological and morphological analysis of the source language. Recent studies of the mechanism that derives language games also discuss broader theoretical issues like the nature of this mechanism, its reflection of internal structure of the syllable and morpheme, its relationship with the morphological and phonological processes in natural languages, and the proper phonological and prosodic representations in describing the formation of language games (e.g., McCarthy 1981, 1982; Yip 1982 ). Chinese secret languages are language games spoken by children, thieves, or fortune tellers. They are also called Fanqie languages because their formation follows the traditional Chinese Fanqie principle which divides a syllable into an Initial and a Final. (1) gives some examples illustrating this traditional division of syllables . (1) Initials and Finals in Chinese (Tones are omitted): a. /ma/; Initials: /m/; Finals: /a/ b. /kuai/ [kway]; Initials: /k/; Finals: /uai/ [way] c. /pan/; Initials: /p/; Finals: /an/ d. /tuan/ [twan]; Initials: /t/; Finals: /uan/ [wan] e. /uan/ [wan]; Initials: none; Finals: /uan/ [wan]. Within a syllable the first consonant is the Initial, what remains is the Final. (1) e. is an example of the "zero Initial" syllable. Chao (1931) describes eight varieties of Chinese secret languages in terms of this traditional view on the Chinese syllable. In these languages each syllable is typically split into two syllables with the addition of a fixed Initial and /or a Final. For example, one of the Mandarin secret languages derives [may ka] from the base word /ma/, the fixed Initial /k/, and the fixed Final /ay /. Departing from this traditional view, Yip (1982) proposes to treat the formation of these secret languages as instances of reduplication within the framework of CV phonology (McCarthy 1979, Clements & Keyser 1983). In this paper I examine the behavior of nasal segments in Taiwanese secret languages described by Li (1985) in the hope of revealing the relationship between the phonological structure of the source language and that of the secret languages, and throwing some light on the understanding of the formal mechanism and principles employed by Chinese secret languages. I follow Yip in treating the formation of Chinese secret languages as reduplication,3 and assume an autosegmental model of phonology that incorporates underspecification (e.g. Archangeli & Pulleyblank 1986) and feature geometry (e.g. Clements 1985a; Sagey 1986). In Section 1, an introduction of three types of Taiwanese secret languages is given. Section 2 shows that the spreading of nasality of the nasalized vowels throughout the whole reduplicated domain in the secret language argues for the existence of a floating nasal feature in Taiwanese and the treatment of this domain as a basic morphological word. The behavior of the syllable final consonants in these Taiwanese secret languages presented in Section 3 calls for an assimilatory treatment rather than the dissimilatory one proposed by Yip (1982). Section 4 discusses some theoretical implications with respect to the theory of reduplication in analyzing the syllabic nasals in Taiwanese secret languages. Finally, a conclusion summaries the preceding sections.
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Hartman, Christopher Henry. "Nasal septal deviation and craniofacial asymmetries." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1620.
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Introduction: Nasal septal deviation may contribute to facial asymmetry. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between nasal septal deviation and facial asymmetry using three-dimensional geometric morphometric methods.
Methods: Computed tomographic scans were made of n=55 adult subjects, and septal deviation was calculated as a percentage of septal volume relative to the volume of a modeled non-deviated septum. Skeletal landmarks representing nasal, palatal, and lateral facial regions were recorded, and landmark data was superimposed using Procrustes analysis. ANOVA/MANOVA tests determined degree of overall fluctuating and directional asymmetry. Finally, correlation analysis and multivariate regression were used to examine relationship between septal deviation and asymmetry of the individual facial regions.
Results: Septal deviation was significantly correlation with lateral deviation of the nasal floor, vertical and lateral asymmetry of the anterior palate and width asymmetry of the posterior posterior palate and posterior alveolar thickness, but was uncorrelated with the overall magnitude of asymmetry. There was no correlation between septal deviation and lateral facial asymmetry.
Conclusion: Nasal septal morphology is linked to nasal and palatal asymmetry. Deviated growth of the septum may pre-dispose patients to dental and skeletal asymmetries that have important orthodontic considerations.
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Welk, Thomas Paul. "A candidate gene approach to assessing phenotype/genotype associations in the nasal complex." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2019. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6878.
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Introduction: The nasal septum, a component of the chondrocranium, acts as a growth center that may have a morphogenetic influence on adjacent intramembranous-derived structures of the nasofacial complex. Recent evidence has demonstrated that morphological variation in the nasofacial complex is potentially due to early developmental variation in chondrocranial-derived nasal structures. There are likely both local and systemic factors that affect inter-population nasal variation. If the morphology of the nasal complex is driven, at least in part, by the morphogenetic effects of cartilage during ontogeny, then selection for altered nasal morphology under different climatic conditions is potentially achieved via developmental changes in chondrocranial-derived structures. This suggests that genes influencing the development of cartilage-derived structures may be the targets of climate-mediated selection. The purpose of this study is to further examine the potential influence of variation in chondrocranial-derived structures on gross nasal morphology by utilizing a candidate gene approach to assess phenotype/genotype associations in the nasal complex.
Materials and methods: Using cone beam computed tomography scans (CBCT), we collected a series of k=44 landmarks representing different cartilaginous and osseous nasal components from an adult sample (n = 120). A group of 69 loci from 22 genes were selected that have been previously found to have an association to cartilage development or variation in the nasal complex in humans and animal models. Centroid size of coordinate landmark configurations were used to quantify nasal complex size. A principle components analysis was used to quantify nasal complex shape. Phenotypes were characterized using the symmetric component of variation. Subjects were categorized by genotype for each SNP (i.e., AA, AB, BB) analyzed, and significant differences in PC scores were tested using ANOVA.
Results: There were no significant associations between nasal complex size and genotype for any of the SNPs analyzed. Phenotype/genotype relationships were assessed for the first four PCs, which accounted for 47.89% of the total variation in the sample. Significant associations between individual PC scores and genotypes were found.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that nasal complex variation is associated with a number of genes that have been previously linked to skeletal tissue development and facial morphogenesis.
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Baust, Maximilian Tobias Verfasser], Nassir [Akademischer Betreuer] [Navab, and Anthony Joseph [Akademischer Betreuer] Yezzi. "Polar Active Contours for Medical Applications / Maximilian Baust. Gutachter: Nassir Navab ; Anthony Joseph Yezzi. Betreuer: Nassir Navab." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1024161137/34.
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Rupprecht, Christian [Verfasser], Nassir [Akademischer Betreuer] Navab, Nassir [Gutachter] Navab, and Gregory D. [Gutachter] Hager. "Learning under Ambiguity through Multiple Predictions / Christian Rupprecht ; Gutachter: Nassir Navab, Gregory D. Hager ; Betreuer: Nassir Navab." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/119244177X/34.
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Virga, Salvatore [Verfasser], Nassir [Akademischer Betreuer] Navab, Nassir [Gutachter] Navab, and Danail [Gutachter] Stoyanov. "Multimodal Sensing for Autonomous Robotic Ultrasound Imaging / Salvatore Virga ; Gutachter: Nassir Navab, Danail Stoyanov ; Betreuer: Nassir Navab." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1223616878/34.
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Franchini, Michelle Lisidati. "Efeitos do oxigênio umidificado e não umidificado via cateter nasal sobre o transporte mucociliar e muco nasal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5170/tde-20052016-154206/.
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O transporte mucociliar (TMC) é um mecanismo básico de defesa do sistema respiratório necessário na resistência à infecção. A efetividade desse mecanismo de defesa depende da composição e profundidade do muco, da integridade e da função dos cílios e da interação muco-cílio. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos crônicos do oxigenoterapia de baixo fluxo via cateter nasal com e sem umidificação sobre o TMC nasal, nas propriedades físicas do muco, na inflamação e nos sintomas de vias aéreas em pacientes com hipoxemia crônica com necessidade de oxigenoterapia domiciliar de longo prazo (>15 horas/dia). Dezoito pacientes (idade média de 68 anos, 7 do sexo masculino, índice de massa corpórea (IMC) médio de 26 kg/m2, 66% com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC), 60% com hipertensão arterial (HAS) e ex-tabagistas) iniciando oxigenoterapia de baixo fluxo via cateter nasal foram randomizados para o grupo Oxigênio Seco (n=10) ou Oxigênio Umidificado (n=9). Os pacientes foram avaliados nos tempos: basal, 12 horas, 7 dias, 30 dias, 12 meses e 24 meses para o TMC nasal por meio do teste de trânsito da sacarina, as propriedades físicas do muco por meio de ângulo de contato, a inflamação por meio de quantificação do número total de células e diferenciais e da concentração de citocinas no lavado nasal assim como para sintomas por meio do questionário SNOT-20. O sintoma mais importante relatado por pacientes no basal foi tosse que melhorou após 7 dias de oxigenoterapia. No nosso estudo, os pacientes de ambos grupos apresentaram prolongamento significativo (40%) do TMC nasal ao longo do estudo. O lavado nasal mostrou um aumento das proporções de neutrófilos, das células caliciformes e da concentração do fator de crescimento epidermal (EGF) assim como reduções em macrófagos e concentrações de interferon alfa (IFN-alfa), interleucina (IL)-8 e IL-10 ao longo do estudo. Não houve alterações na proporção de células ciliadas, na concentração de IL-6 e no ângulo de contato do muco em ambos os grupos. A tosse e os sintomas de sono diminuiram significativamente em ambos os grupos. Nosso estudo sugere que a umidificação não tem impacto sobre o TMC nasal, as propriedades do muco, a inflamação e os sintomas em pacientes com baixo fluxo de oxigênio via cateter nasal (BFON)Mucociliary clearance (MCC) is a basic defense mechanism of the respiratory system against respiratory infection. The efficiency of this defense mechanism depends on the mucus composition and mucus depth, on the cilia integrity and function and the mucus-cilia interaction. The aim of this study was investigate the long-term effects of low-flow oxygen via nasal catheter (NLFO) using dry oxygen (Dried-NLFO) or humidified oxygen (Humidified-NLFO) on nasal mucociliary clearance, mucus properties, inflammation and symptoms in patients with chronic hypoxemia requiring long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy ( > 15 hours/day). Eighteen patients (mean age of 68 years, 7 male, mean BMI of 26 kg/m2, 66% COPD, 60% hypertensive and former smokers) initiating NLFO were randomized to Dried-NLFO (n=10) or Humidified-NLFO (n=9). Patients were assessed at baseline and along 12 hours, 7 days, 30 days, 12 months and 24 months for nasal MCC using saccharine test, mucus properties by means of contact angle, inflammation using total number of cells and cytokines concentration in nasal lavage fluid as well as symptoms by SNOT-20 questionnaire. The most important airway symptom reported by patients at baseline was cough that improved after 7 days of oxygen therapy. In our study, nasal MCC prolonged significantly (40%) and similarly in both groups along the study. Nasal lavage showed increased proportions of neutrophils, goblet cells and epidermal growth factor concentration as decreases in macrophages, IFN-a lfa, IL-8 and IL-10 concentrations along the study. No changes in the proportion of ciliated cells, IL-6 and mucus contact angle were observed in both groups. Coughing and sleep symptoms significantly decreased similarly in both groups. Our study suggests that humidification does not impact on nasal MCC, mucus properties, inflammation and symptoms in patients using NLFO
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Tao, Qian. "Cellular localization and gene expression of epstein-barr virus in non-neoplastic nasal mucosa and nasal lymphoma /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17538828.
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Brescovici, Silvana Maria. "O espelho de Glatzel na avaliação da permeabilidade nasal em adultos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/4325.
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Introdução O espelho de Glatzel (EG) é correntemente utilizado em consultórios fonoaudiológicos para a avaliação rápida da permeabilidade nasal. O mesmo foi descrito inicialmente em 1898 por Zwaardemaker. Porém, estudos de validação inexistem na literatura. Este estudo teve por objetivos verificar a reprodutibilidade do EG e a correlação intra-sujeito entre área de condensação e percepção subjetiva de permeabilidade nasal. Material e Métodos Vinte e cinco sujeitos foram avaliados com o EG por cinco minutos consecutivos (475 medidas por sujeito); cada meia hora por quatro horas; cada dia no início da tarde, por cinco dias e toda a quinta-feira por cinco semanas consecutivas. Utilizou-se uma escala análoga visual para avaliar a percepção de respiração nos períodos de horas, dias e semanas. Resultados O coeficiente de correlação total (área direita mais esquerda) encontrado entre área de condensação e percepção subjetiva foi de r=0,04 (p=0,3761). No lado esquerdo foi de r=0,08 (p=0,0984) e no lado direito de r=0,05 (p=0,2862). Os coeficientes de variação unilaterais medianos foram menores que 15% e os totais menores que 12%, independente do intervalo de tempo entre teste e re-teste. Conclusão Não se evidenciou correlação significativa entre a percepção subjetiva e a área de condensação nasal. A variabilidade unilateral foi maior do que quando considerados os valores totais (direito mais esquerdo) e não houve diferença na variabilidade das medidas de área de condensação nasal nos diferentes momentos do tempo.Objective The Glatzel mirror (Gm) is used at speech therapy offices for a prompt evaluation of the nasal patency. It has been described in 1898 by Zwaardemarker. However, there is no literature of validation studies. This study aimed the verification of the reproducibility of the Gm and the correlation between the condensation area and the subjective perception of nasal patency. Methods Twenty-five individuals were evaluated for five consecutive minutes (475 measurements per individual), every half-an-hour during four hours, every day, in the beginning of the afternoon, for five days, and every Thursday during five consecutive weeks. A visual analog scale was used to evaluate the breathing perception within the hour, day and week periods. Results The coefficient of correlation between the subjective perception of the nasal patency and the condensation area of the right and left areas sumed was r=0.04 (p=0.3761). The left was r=0.08 (p=0.0984) and the right was r=0.05 (p=0.2862). The medium unilateral and total coefficients of variation were, respectivelly, less then 15% and 12%, independently of the interval of test-retest timing. Conclusion No significant correlation has been noticed between the subjective perception and the nasal condensation area. The unilateral variability was higher than the total values (right + left) and there was no difference in the variability of nasal condensation areas on different moments in time.
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Lizarraga, Adrian, Brittany Lynn, Jeremiah Lange, John Rogers, and Azeem Shahid. "NASA Remote Imaging System Acquisition." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/156894.
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The purpose of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Remote Imaging System Acquisition (RISA) space camera prototype is to integrate six existing optical instruments into a single system that will withstand the extreme temperature fluctuations, high radiation, and variable pressures of the space environment. This technical report describes the state of the previous year's prototype and details our efforts toward the progression of the design to a functional, high quality instrument. Appendices are included detailing the current state of work and the next steps for the team that takes on this project next year. The focus of the work this year was to design a broadband variable-focus camera using novel imaging components, troubleshoot the previous year's I2C code, design a wireless information transfer system and conceptualize a flight ready mechanical design for future implementation. Our final design utilizes a liquid lens in conjunction with a cerium doped double gauss, eliminating more traditional mechanical focusing mechanisms. The camera will be controlled wirelessly through 802.11g protocol by the base system, with image data downloaded at projected speeds of 54 kBps.
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Nayebossadri, Shahrzad. "Computational and experimental study of nasal cavity airflow dynamics." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8611.
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This work aims to assess human nasal blockage by investigating its influence on nasal airflow dynamics, both computationally and experimentally. An in-house CFD code (Lithium) computes the steady (mean) nasal airflow for a cavity constructed from CT images of a healthy adult, for the internal cavity and for the first time for the external flow. To account for turbulence occurrence, the low Reynolds number k-ω Reynolds-Averaged-Navier-Stokes (RANS) model is used. The flow field is calculated at different breathing rates by varying the influx rate. Blockages are introduced at various locations inside the cavity to investigate common nasal blockages. The computational results are assessed against published literature and the Particle Image Velocimetry experimental (PIV) results, carried out on a 2.54:1 scale model of the computational nasal cavity. Schlieren optical technique is also used for external nasal airflow visualizations of a human subject, to comment on using an optical system for clinical application. These computations reveal a significant dependency of both, the internal and external nasal airflow fields on the nasal cavity’s geometry. Although for this model, the flow is found to be turbulent in the inspiratory phase of 200 ml/s and higher, it is suggested that the nature of flow can vary depending on the nasal cavity’s structure which is influenced by genetics. Nevertheless, some common flow features were revealed such as higher flow rate in the olfactory region and main flow passage through lower airways during inspiration. More uniform flow passage was found in expiration. The results also suggest a possible correlation between the internal geometry of the cavity and the external nasal airflow angle and thickness. This correlation can allow an application of optical systems such as Schlieren which is shown to give accurate qualitative images of the external nasal airflow for assessment of the nasal blockage.
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Fite-Georgel, Pierre Verfasser], Marc [Akademischer Betreuer] Pollefeys, and Nassir [Akademischer Betreuer] [Navab. "Augmented Reality Tools for Digital Plant Engineering / Pierre Fite-Georgel. Gutachter: Marc Pollefeys ; Nassir Navab. Betreuer: Nassir Navab." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1014861608/34.
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Vetter, Christoph [Verfasser], Nassir [Akademischer Betreuer] Navab, and Rüdiger [Akademischer Betreuer] Westermann. "Accelerated Registration and Reconstruction for Functional Nuclear Imaging / Christoph Vetter. Betreuer: Nassir Navab. Gutachter: Nassir Navab ; Rüdiger Westermann." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1095099876/34.
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Hennersperger, Christoph Ludwig Verfasser], Nassir [Akademischer Betreuer] [Navab, and Purang [Akademischer Betreuer] Abolmaesumi. "Domain-Specific Modeling for Vascular Freehand Ultrasound / Christoph Ludwig Hennersperger. Betreuer: Nassir Navab. Gutachter: Nassir Navab ; Purang Abolmaesumi." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1077605455/34.
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